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Coordinates: 29°55′33″N 69°59′0″E / 29.92583°N 69.98333°E / 29.92583; 69.98333
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{{Short description|Hill station in Punjab, Pakistan}}
{{hatnote|For a military installation in the United States, see:[[Fort Monroe]]}}
{{Infobox settlement
{{Infobox settlement
| name = {{Nastaliq|فورٹ منرو}}
| name = Fort Munro
| official_name = Fort Munro
| official_name =
| native_name = منرو
| native_name = {{Nastaliq|فورٹ منرو}}
| settlement_type = Hill station
| settlement_type = Hill station
| image_skyline = Fort Minro, Punjab (2).jpg
| image_skyline = Fort munro steel bridges.jpg
| imagesize =
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| image_caption = Steel bridges of Fort Munro
| image_caption = Anari Hills, Fort Munro
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| coordinates = {{coord|29.9300|N|69.9848|E}}
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| subdivision_type = [[Country]]
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| coordinates = {{coord|29.9300|N|69.9848|E}}
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| subdivision_name = {{PAK}}
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| subdivision_type = [[Country]]
| subdivision_type1 = [[Subdivisions of Pakistan|Province]]
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| subdivision_name = {{PAK}}
| subdivision_type1 = [[Subdivisions of Pakistan|Province]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[List of districts of Pakistan|District]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[List of districts of Pakistan|District]]
| subdivision_name1 = {{flagicon|Punjab}} [[Punjab (Pakistan)|Punjab]]
⚫
| subdivision_name2 = [[Dera Ghazi Khan District|Dera Ghazi Khan]]
| subdivision_name1 = {{flagicon|Punjab}} [[Punjab (Pakistan)|Punjab]]
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| elevation_m = 2180
| elevation_m = 1800
| elevation_ft = 7152
⚫
| population_total =
| elevation_ft = 6,470
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'''Fort Munro''' ([[Urdu]], [[Punjabi language|Punjabi]]: {{Nastaliq|فورٹ منرو}}), formerly known as '''Loilaresir''', is a [[hill station]], located at a height of {{convert|6,470|feet|m}} above sea level in [[Dera Ghazi Khan District]], [[Punjab (Pakistan)|Punjab]], [[Pakistan]]. It was developed by British in the late 19th-century as a summer hill town.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.dawn.com/news/1442859|title=Three locations Punjab should put on its tourism map|first=Omar Mukhtar|last=Khan|date=November 5, 2018|website=DAWN.COM}}</ref>
'''Fort Munro''' ('''[[Balochi language|Balochi]]''', {{langx|ur|{{Nastaliq|فورٹ منرو}}}}), formerly known as '''Tuman Leghari ([[Balochi language|Balochi]]: تمن لغاری),''' is a hill station which is located at a height of {{convert|6,470|feet|m}} above sea level in Dera Ghazi Khan District of [[Punjab, Pakistan|Punjab]], [[Pakistan]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://waseb.org/2011/11/12/fort-munro-the-forgotten-hill-resort-by/|title=Fort Munro: The forgotten hill resort|date=November 12, 2011}}</ref> Fort Munro or formerly '[[Tuman Leghari|Tuman leghari]]' is the head quarter of the [[Leghari (clan)|Leghari]] tribe. Fort Munro is part of [[Sulaiman Mountains|Sulaiman mountain range]].<ref>{{Cite book |last=Akroyd |first=Clarissa |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=SH-QBQAAQBAJ&q=sulaiman+mountains&pg=PT24 |title=Pakistan |date=2014-11-17 |publisher=Simon and Schuster |isbn=978-1-63355-947-9 |language=en}}</ref> It was developed by British government in late 19th century.


It attracts many people for short stays during the hot summer. It is around 85 kilometres from [[Dera Ghazi Khan]] city, [[Punjab (Pakistan)|Punjab]], [[Pakistan]] and about 185 kilometres from [[Multan]] in [[Sulaiman Mountains|Sulaiman Mountain range]]. The people of Fort Munro are nomads, especially of the [[Leghari tribe|Leghari]] tribe.
It attracts many people for short stays during the hot summer. It is around 85 kilometres from Dera Ghazi Khan city, Punjab, Pakistan and about 185 kilometres from Multan in [[Sulaiman Mountains|Sulaiman Mountain range]]. The people of Fort Munro are nomads, especially of the Leghari tribe.


Fort Munro's altitude is 1800 meters. It can be reached either from [[Loralai]] [[Balochistan, Pakistan|Balochistan]] or from [[Multan]] (Punjab). From Punjab, the mountain range starts near [[Rakhni]], which is a border-post between Balochistan and Punjab.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.tdcp.gop.pk/tdcp/Destinations/MountainsHillStations/FortMunro/tabid/637/Default.aspx |title=Archived copy |access-date=2014-03-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140215020902/http://www.tdcp.gop.pk/tdcp/Destinations/MountainsHillStations/FortMunro/tabid/637/Default.aspx |archive-date=2014-02-15 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
Fort Munro's altitude is 1800 meters. [[Yek Bhai|Yakbai]] top and Mubarki top are other major tourist spots, located near Fort Munro where elevation reaches above '''2000 meters'''.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Express Tribune |url=https://tribune.com.pk/mubarki-top |access-date=2023-06-02 |website=The Express Tribune |language=en}}</ref> It can also be reached either from [[Loralai]], Balochistan or from Multan (Punjab). From Punjab, the mountain range starts near [[Rakhni]], which is a provincial border-post between Balochistan and Punjab.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.tdcp.gop.pk/tdcp/Destinations/MountainsHillStations/FortMunro/tabid/637/Default.aspx |title=Fort Munro |access-date=2014-03-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140215020902/http://www.tdcp.gop.pk/tdcp/Destinations/MountainsHillStations/FortMunro/tabid/637/Default.aspx |archive-date=2014-02-15 |url-status=dead }}</ref>


==History==
==History==
[[File:Fort Munro, Damis lake.jpg|thumb|right|200px|Dames Lake in Fort Munro where N.H. Smith drowned]]
[[File:Fort Munro, Damis lake.jpg|thumb|right|Dames Lake in Fort Munro where N.H. Smith drowned]]
Previously, it was known as Loilaresir before British established the area.<ref>https://jang.com.pk/thenews/dec2009-weekly/nos-06-12-2009/foo.htm</ref> The town was founded by [[Robert Groves Sandeman]] in the later part of the 19th century and named Fort Munro after Colonel, later Major-General, Andrew Aldcorn Munro who was commissioner of the [[Derajat Division]] and [[Multan Division]].<ref>https://jang.com.pk/thenews/dec2009-weekly/nos-06-12-2009/foo.htm</ref><ref>https://www.dawn.com/news/1503548</ref>
The area was known as Tuman Leghari before the British became established there.<ref name="auto">{{Cite web|url=https://jang.com.pk/thenews/dec2009-weekly/nos-06-12-2009/foo.htm|title=Footloose, NOS, The News International|website=jang.com.pk}}</ref> The town was founded by Sir [[Robert Groves Sandeman]] in 1866 as a summer hill station.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.dawn.com/news/1442859|title=Three locations Punjab should put on its tourism map|first=Omar Mukhtar|last=Khan|date=November 5, 2018|website=DAWN.COM}}</ref> He named it after Colonel (later Major-General) Andrew Aldcorn Munro,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Birmani |first=Tariq Saeed |date=2019-09-05 |title=Fort Munro: Authority awakes to illegal constructions |url=https://www.dawn.com/news/1503548 |access-date=2022-09-12 |website=DAWN.COM |language=en}}</ref> a Scottish officer in the British Army who later became Commissioner and Superintendent of the [[Derajat Division]] and Multan Division.


Sandeman Lodge, a colonial residence of [[political assistant]] (PA), the Commissioner House and DCO House were established at the hill to be used as a summer residence.<ref>https://jang.com.pk/thenews/dec2009-weekly/nos-06-12-2009/foo.htm</ref> A small [[Christian cemetery]] is also located near DCO House.<ref>https://jang.com.pk/thenews/dec2009-weekly/nos-06-12-2009/foo.htm</ref>
Fort Munro served as headquarters of the Commissioner of Multan in the hot season during British administration.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Footloose, NOS, The News International |url=https://jang.com.pk/thenews/dec2009-weekly/nos-06-12-2009/foo.htm |access-date=2022-09-15 |website=jang.com.pk}}</ref> Sandeman Lodge, colonial residence of the political assistant, the Commissioner's House and the District Commission Office were built.<ref name="auto"/> A small Christian cemetery is also located near DCO House.<ref name="auto"/>


==Geography and climate==
==Geography and climate==
Fort Munro is part of the [[Sulaiman Mountains|Sulaiman Mountain range]]. The range is located in central Pakistan, extending southward about 280 miles (450&nbsp;km) from the [[Gumal Pass]] to just north of [[Jacobabad]], separating the [[Khyber Pakhtunkhwa]] and [[Punjab (Pakistan)|Punjab]] from [[Balochistan, Pakistan|Balochistan]]. Its heights gradually decrease toward the south, with summits averaging 6,000–7,000 feet, the highest being the twin peaks (30 miles from the Gumal Pass) called Takht-i Sulaiman, or Solomon's Throne, which legend connects with King Solomon's visit to Pakistan; the higher of the peaks, at 18,481 feet (5,633 m), is the site of a Muslim Ziyarat (shrine) visited annually by many pilgrims. The range's eastern face dips steeply to the Indus River, but on the west the range declines more gradually. Juniper and edible pines abound in the north and olives in the centre, but vegetation is scarce in the south. The Ghat, Zao, Chuhar Khel Dhana, and Sakhi Sarwar are the principal passes in the north. In the south, west of [[Dera Ghazi Khan]], lies the hill station of Fort Munro.
Fort Munro is part of the [[Sulaiman Mountains|Sulaiman Mountain range]]. The range is located in central Pakistan, extending southward about 280 miles (450&nbsp;km) from the [[Gumal Pass]] to just north of [[Jacobabad]], separating the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and Punjab from Balochistan. Its heights gradually decrease toward the south, with summits averaging 6,000–7,000 feet, the highest being the twin peaks (30 miles from the Gumal Pass) called Takht-i Sulaiman, or Solomon's Throne, which legend connects with '''King Solomon's''' visit to Pakistan; the higher of the peaks, at 18,481 feet '''(5,633 m)''', is the site of a Muslim Ziyarat (shrine) visited annually by many pilgrims. The range's eastern face dips steeply to the Indus River, but on the west the range declines more gradually. Juniper and edible pines abound in the north and olives in the centre, but vegetation is scarce in the south. The Ghat, Zao, Chuhar Khel Dhana, and Sakhi Sarwar are the principal passes in the north. In the south, west of [[Dera Ghazi Khan]], lies the hill station of Fort Munro.


== Tourism ==
== Tourism ==
Line 68: Line 70:
It attracts a number of tourists every year, particularly those who wish to escape from hot plains of southern Punjab to enjoy mild and pleasant weather for a day or two. The [[Punjab (Pakistan)|Punjab]] Government has released over Rs2 billion in July 2015 for the provision of basic facilities at the hill station in a bid to make it an important tourist haven. Out of the funds, Rs750 million would be spent on the installation of the chairlift and cable car facility between Fort Munro and [[Khar, Punjab|Khar]], Rs300 million on the provision of clean drinking water, Rs300 million on a wastewater treatment and drainage scheme, Rs1.60 billion on the construction of six new carpeted roads and a cadet college.
It attracts a number of tourists every year, particularly those who wish to escape from hot plains of southern Punjab to enjoy mild and pleasant weather for a day or two. The [[Punjab (Pakistan)|Punjab]] Government has released over Rs2 billion in July 2015 for the provision of basic facilities at the hill station in a bid to make it an important tourist haven. Out of the funds, Rs750 million would be spent on the installation of the chairlift and cable car facility between Fort Munro and [[Khar, Punjab|Khar]], Rs300 million on the provision of clean drinking water, Rs300 million on a wastewater treatment and drainage scheme, Rs1.60 billion on the construction of six new carpeted roads and a cadet college.


Additionally, state-of-the-art landscaping initiatives and the cultivation of cut flowers would also promote development in the region and open new avenues of employment. The Forest Department would afforest 300 acres in the hill station’s vicinity. The Irrigation Department is also believed to have forwarded a proposal regarding the construction of six small dams in Fort Munro’s vicinity.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://tribune.com.pk/story/921058/fort-munro-development-authority-hill-station-set-to-become-tourist-haven/|title = Fort Munro hill station set to become tourist haven|date = 14 July 2015}}</ref> The development project, which is expected to kick off soon, to attract people from surrounding areas being the only hill station of southern Punjab in [[Dera Ghazi Khan]] district. Fort Munro is a cool resort in summers for the people living in south Punjab.
Additionally, state-of-the-art landscaping initiatives and the cultivation of cut flowers would also promote development in the region and open new avenues of employment. The Forest Department would afforest 300 acres in the hill station's vicinity. The Irrigation Department is also believed to have forwarded a proposal regarding the construction of six small dams in Fort Munro's vicinity.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://tribune.com.pk/story/921058/fort-munro-development-authority-hill-station-set-to-become-tourist-haven/|title = Fort Munro hill station set to become tourist haven|date = 14 July 2015}}</ref> The development project, which is expected to kick off soon, to attract people from surrounding areas being the only hill station of southern Punjab in [[Dera Ghazi Khan]] district. Fort Munro is a cool resort in summers for the people living in south Punjab. Many ill people come here for refreshment or convalescence.

Many ill people come here for refreshment or convalescence.


==See also==
==See also==
Line 77: Line 77:
*[[List of forts in Pakistan]]
*[[List of forts in Pakistan]]
*[[List of museums in Pakistan]]
*[[List of museums in Pakistan]]
*[[Fort Monroe]]
*[[Payala Lake Ghazi Ghat]]
*[[Sheikh Badin]]


==References==
==References==
{{Reflist}}
{{Reflist}}


==External links==
{{commons category|Fort Munro}}
{{commons category|Fort Munro}}
*[https://plus.google.com/photos/118161840059705215233/albums/5770086396862112081 Fort Munro's Photos by Qadeer Ahmad Janjua]


{{Coord|29|55|33|N|69|59|0|E|display=title|type:city}}{{Castles in Pakistan}}
{{Coord|29|55|33|N|69|59|0|E|display=title|type:city}}{{Castles in Pakistan}}

Latest revision as of 19:49, 29 November 2024

For a military installation in the United States, see:Fort Monroe
Fort Munro
فورٹ منرو
Hill station
Steel bridges of Fort Munro
Steel bridges of Fort Munro
Map
Coordinates: 29°55′48″N 69°59′05″E / 29.9300°N 69.9848°E / 29.9300; 69.9848
Country Pakistan
ProvincePunjab, Pakistan Punjab
DistrictDera Ghazi Khan
Elevation
2,180 m (7,152 ft)
Time zoneUTC+5 (PST)

Fort Munro (Balochi, Urdu: فورٹ منرو), formerly known as Tuman Leghari (Balochi: تمن لغاری), is a hill station which is located at a height of 6,470 feet (1,970 m) above sea level in Dera Ghazi Khan District of Punjab, Pakistan.[1] Fort Munro or formerly 'Tuman leghari' is the head quarter of the Leghari tribe. Fort Munro is part of Sulaiman mountain range.[2] It was developed by British government in late 19th century.

It attracts many people for short stays during the hot summer. It is around 85 kilometres from Dera Ghazi Khan city, Punjab, Pakistan and about 185 kilometres from Multan in Sulaiman Mountain range. The people of Fort Munro are nomads, especially of the Leghari tribe.

Fort Munro's altitude is 1800 meters. Yakbai top and Mubarki top are other major tourist spots, located near Fort Munro where elevation reaches above 2000 meters.[3] It can also be reached either from Loralai, Balochistan or from Multan (Punjab). From Punjab, the mountain range starts near Rakhni, which is a provincial border-post between Balochistan and Punjab.[4]

History

[edit]
Dames Lake in Fort Munro where N.H. Smith drowned

The area was known as Tuman Leghari before the British became established there.[5] The town was founded by Sir Robert Groves Sandeman in 1866 as a summer hill station.[6] He named it after Colonel (later Major-General) Andrew Aldcorn Munro,[7] a Scottish officer in the British Army who later became Commissioner and Superintendent of the Derajat Division and Multan Division.

Fort Munro served as headquarters of the Commissioner of Multan in the hot season during British administration.[8] Sandeman Lodge, colonial residence of the political assistant, the Commissioner's House and the District Commission Office were built.[5] A small Christian cemetery is also located near DCO House.[5]

Geography and climate

[edit]

Fort Munro is part of the Sulaiman Mountain range. The range is located in central Pakistan, extending southward about 280 miles (450 km) from the Gumal Pass to just north of Jacobabad, separating the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and Punjab from Balochistan. Its heights gradually decrease toward the south, with summits averaging 6,000–7,000 feet, the highest being the twin peaks (30 miles from the Gumal Pass) called Takht-i Sulaiman, or Solomon's Throne, which legend connects with King Solomon's visit to Pakistan; the higher of the peaks, at 18,481 feet (5,633 m), is the site of a Muslim Ziyarat (shrine) visited annually by many pilgrims. The range's eastern face dips steeply to the Indus River, but on the west the range declines more gradually. Juniper and edible pines abound in the north and olives in the centre, but vegetation is scarce in the south. The Ghat, Zao, Chuhar Khel Dhana, and Sakhi Sarwar are the principal passes in the north. In the south, west of Dera Ghazi Khan, lies the hill station of Fort Munro.

Tourism

[edit]

It attracts a number of tourists every year, particularly those who wish to escape from hot plains of southern Punjab to enjoy mild and pleasant weather for a day or two. The Punjab Government has released over Rs2 billion in July 2015 for the provision of basic facilities at the hill station in a bid to make it an important tourist haven. Out of the funds, Rs750 million would be spent on the installation of the chairlift and cable car facility between Fort Munro and Khar, Rs300 million on the provision of clean drinking water, Rs300 million on a wastewater treatment and drainage scheme, Rs1.60 billion on the construction of six new carpeted roads and a cadet college.

Additionally, state-of-the-art landscaping initiatives and the cultivation of cut flowers would also promote development in the region and open new avenues of employment. The Forest Department would afforest 300 acres in the hill station's vicinity. The Irrigation Department is also believed to have forwarded a proposal regarding the construction of six small dams in Fort Munro's vicinity.[9] The development project, which is expected to kick off soon, to attract people from surrounding areas being the only hill station of southern Punjab in Dera Ghazi Khan district. Fort Munro is a cool resort in summers for the people living in south Punjab. Many ill people come here for refreshment or convalescence.

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "Fort Munro: The forgotten hill resort". November 12, 2011.
  2. ^ Akroyd, Clarissa (2014-11-17). Pakistan. Simon and Schuster. ISBN 978-1-63355-947-9.
  3. ^ "The Express Tribune". The Express Tribune. Retrieved 2023-06-02.
  4. ^ "Fort Munro". Archived from the original on 2014-02-15. Retrieved 2014-03-04.
  5. ^ a b c "Footloose, NOS, The News International". jang.com.pk.
  6. ^ Khan, Omar Mukhtar (November 5, 2018). "Three locations Punjab should put on its tourism map". DAWN.COM.
  7. ^ Birmani, Tariq Saeed (2019-09-05). "Fort Munro: Authority awakes to illegal constructions". DAWN.COM. Retrieved 2022-09-12.
  8. ^ "Footloose, NOS, The News International". jang.com.pk. Retrieved 2022-09-15.
  9. ^ "Fort Munro hill station set to become tourist haven". 14 July 2015.
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Fort Munro.

29°55′33″N 69°59′0″E / 29.92583°N 69.98333°E / 29.92583; 69.98333

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