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{{short description|Russian-built warships}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2021}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2021}}
{|{{Infobox ship begin
{|{{Infobox ship begin
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}}
}}
{{Infobox ship image
{{Infobox ship image
| Ship image = File:Vietnam People's Navy - Gepard 3.9 frigates.jpg
| Ship image = Gepard 3.9 frigate Quang Trung (016) of Vietnam People's Navy in MILAN2022 - 2.jpg
| Ship caption = All four Gepard 3.9 frigates of [[Vietnam People's Navy]] - the biggest operator of the class
| Ship caption = ''Quang Trung'' - one of the two ships in the second batch of Gepard 3.9 built for the [[Vietnam People's Navy]]
}}
}}
{{Infobox ship class overview
{{Infobox ship class overview
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| Builders = [[Zelenodolsk Plant Gorky]]
| Builders = [[Zelenodolsk Plant Gorky]]
| Operators = *{{navy|Russia}}
| Operators = *{{navy|Russia}}
*{{navy|Vietnam}}
*{{flagicon image|Ensign of Vietnam People's Navy.svg}} [[Vietnam People's Navy]]
| Class before = {{sclass2|Koni|frigate|4}}
| Class before = *{{sclass2|Koni|frigate|4}}
*{{sclass2|Grisha|corvette|4}}
| Class after =
| Class after =
| Subclasses =
| Subclasses = *Project 11661 ''Tatarstan''
*Project 11661K ''Dagestan''
⚫
| Cost =*[[HQ 011-HQ 012]]: $175 million
*Project 11661E Gepard:
*HQ 015-HQ 016: $350 million
**Gepard 3.9: Batch I; Batch II
**Gepard 5.1
**Gepard 5.3
⚫
| Cost = *11661E (Gepard 3.9 batch I): US$175 million per ship
*11661E (Gepard 3.9 batch II): US$350 million per ship (price included ammunition, maintenance packages signed between [[Vietnam]] and [[Russia]])
| Built range = 1991–2016
| Built range = 1991–2016
| In service range =
| In service range =
| In commission range =
| In commission range =
| Total ships building = 0
| Total ships planned = 10
| Total ships planned = 9
| Total ships completed = 6
| Total ships completed = 6
| Total ships canceled = 1 (''Burevestnik'')
| Total ships canceled = 2
| Total ships active = 6
| Total ships active = 6
| Total ships lost =
| Total ships lost =
Line 35: Line 41:
| Ship displacement = *1,500 tons (standard)
| Ship displacement = *1,500 tons (standard)
*1,930 tons (full load)
*1,930 tons (full load)
| Ship length = *{{convert|102.14|m|abbr=on}} ({{convert|93.5|m|ft|abbr=on}} [[waterline]])
| Ship length = *Approx {{convert|102.4|m|abbr=on}} (Gepard 3.9 batch II)
| Ship beam = {{convert|13.09|m|abbr=on}}
| Ship beam = *{{convert|13.09|m|abbr=on}}
* Approx {{convert|15|m|abbr=on}} (Gepard 3.9)
| Ship height =
| Ship height =
| Ship draught = {{convert|5.7|m|abbr=on}}
| Ship draught = {{convert|5.7|m|abbr=on}}
| Ship power =
| Ship power =
| Ship propulsion = Twin-shaft [[CODOG]], FPP, 2 x 14,300 + 1 x 6,000 (kW)
| Ship propulsion = 2 shaft [[Combined diesel or gas|CODOG]], 2 × boost M90 gas turbines ({{convert|29,300|shp|kW|abbr=on}} each), 1 × cruise 86B 18DRPN Type 61D Diesel ({{convert|8,000|bhp|kW|abbr=on}}), 3 × {{convert|600|kW|hp|abbr=on}} diesel alternator sets
| Ship speed = {{convert|29|kn}}
| Ship speed = {{convert|29|kn}}
| Ship range = {{convert|4000|nmi|km|-3|abbr=on}} at {{convert|10|kn|km/h|0}}
| Ship range = {{convert|4000|nmi|km|-3|abbr=on}} at {{convert|10|kn|km/h|0}}
| Ship endurance = 20 days
| Ship endurance = 20 days
| Ship complement = 94
| Ship complement = 94
| Ship sensors = *MR-231 navigation radar
| Ship sensors = *MR-231-1 ''Pal'' [[navigation radar]]
*Mineral-ME shipborne multifunctional radar system (including guidance and target designation functions for [[cruise missile]]s)
*''Mineral-ME'' shipborne multifunctional [[radar]] system (including guidance and target designation functions for [[cruise missile]]s)
*Pozitiv-ME1/-ME1.2 3D active shipborne radars
*5P-26/MR-352 ''Pozitiv-ME1/-ME1.2'' 3D active shipborne radars
*5P-10E fire control radar for [[naval gun]] and [[CIWS]]
*5P-10E-03E ''Laska'' fire control radar for [[naval gun]] and [[CIWS]]
*[[Sonar]]: MGK-335EM-03 with under-keel antenna
*[[Sonar]]: MGK-335EM-03 with under-keel antenna
| Ship EW = *[[Electronic warfare|EW Suite]]: 2 × Bell Shroud passive intercept, 2 × Bell Squat jammers,
| Ship EW = *[[Electronic warfare|EW Suite]]: 2 × Bell Shroud passive intercept, 2 × Bell Squat jammers,
*[[Countermeasure]]s: 4 × 16-barreled [[Pk-16]] decoy launchers
*[[Countermeasure]]s: 4 × 16-barreled Pk-16 decoy launchers
| Ship armament = *Artilleries:
| Ship armament = *Artillery:
**1x 76.2mm [[AK-176|AK-176M/MA]] [[naval gun]]
**1x 76.2mm [[AK-176|AK-176M/MA]] [[naval gun]]
**[[AK-630M]] [[CIWS]] (1x on ''Tartarstan'', 2x in [[Vietnam People's Navy|VPN]] configuration)
**2x [[AK-630M]] [[CIWS]] (''Tatarstan'' and [[Vietnam People's Navy|VPN]] configuration)
*[[Cruise missile]]s:
*[[Cruise missile]]s:
**8x UKSK [[Vertical launching system|VLS]] cells for [[Kalibr]] missiles (''Dagestan'') (up to 16x cells in configurations offered to the export market; options for [[Kalibr|Club-N]], [[Yakhont]] and [[BrahMos]] missile systems are available)
**8x UKSK [[Vertical launching system|VLS]] cells for [[Kalibr]] missiles (''Dagestan'') (up to 16x cells in configurations offered to the export market; options for [[Kalibr|Club-N]], [[Yakhont]] and [[BrahMos]] missile systems are available)
**2x quadruple launchers (2×4) [[Kh-35]] anti-ship missiles (''Tatarstan'' and [[Vietnam People's Navy|VPN]] configuration)
**2x quadruple launchers (2×4) [[Kh-35]] anti-ship missiles (''Tatarstan'' and [[Vietnam People's Navy|VPN]]'s Batch I & II configuration)
*[[Anti-submarine warfare]]:
*[[Anti-submarine warfare]]:
**2x 533mm DTA-53 twin-tube (2×2) torpedo launchers (not featured on [[Vietnam People's Navy|VPN]]'s first two ship [[Vietnamese frigate Dinh Tien Hoang (HQ-011)|''Đinh Tiên Hoàng'']] and [[Vietnamese frigate Ly Thai To (HQ-012)|''Lý Thái Tổ'']])
**2x 533mm DTA-53 twin-tube (2×2) torpedo launchers (not featured on [[Vietnam People's Navy|VPN]]'s Batch I)
** [[Naval mine]]s
** [[Naval mine]]s
*[[Anti-air warfare]]:
*[[Anti-air warfare]]:
**1x [[Kashtan CIWS|Palash/Palma-SU CIWS]] featured with 8x [[Sosna-R]] [[short range air defense]] [[Surface-to-air missile|missile]]s (''Dagestan'' and [[Vietnam People's Navy|VPN]] configuration)
**1x [[Kashtan CIWS|Palash/Palma-SU CIWS]] featured with 8x [[Sosna-R]] [[short range air defense]] [[Surface-to-air missile|missile]]s (''Dagestan'' and [[Vietnam People's Navy|VPN]] configuration)
**1x [[9K33 Osa|Osa-M]] twin-launcher for 20x 9M33M [[short range air defense]] [[Surface-to-air missile|missile]]s (''Tatarstan'')
**1x [[9K33 Osa|Osa-M]] twin-launcher for 20x 9M33M [[short range air defense]] [[Surface-to-air missile|missile]]s (''Tatarstan'')
**12x [[Shtil-1]] [[Vertical launching system|VLS]] cells for 9M317ME medium-range [[surface-to-air missile]]s (offered configuration for the export market)
**12x [[Shtil-1]] [[Vertical launching system|VLS]] cells for 9M317ME medium-range [[surface-to-air missile]]s (offered configuration for the export market)
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| Ship aircraft =
| Ship aircraft =
| Ship aircraft facilities =
| Ship aircraft facilities =
| Ship notes = [https://zpkb.com/en/our-projects/voennye-korabli/gepard-3-9-frigate/]
| Ship notes =
}}
}}
|}
|}


The Russian '''Gepard-class frigates''' ('''Project 1166.1''') is a [[Ship class|class]] of [[frigate]]s that were intended as successors to the earlier {{sclass2|Koni|frigate|1}}s and {{sclass2|Grisha|corvette|5}}, and {{sclass2|Parchim|corvette|0}} [[corvette]]s. The first unit of the class, ''Yastreb'' (''Hawk''), was laid down at the [[Zelenodolsk, Republic of Tatarstan|Zelenodol'sk]] Zavod [[shipyard]] at [[Tatarstan]] in 1991. She was launched in July 1993, after which she began fitting out; fitting was nearly completed by late 1995, when it was suspended due to lack of funds. Renamed ''Tatarstan'', the ship was finally completed in July 2002, and became the [[flagship]] of the [[Caspian Flotilla]]. She has two sister ships, ''Albatross'' (renamed ''Dagestan''), and ''Burevestnik'' (''Storm Petrel''), which was still under construction {{As of|2012|lc=on}}.
The '''Gepard-class frigates''', Russian designation '''Project 11661''', is a [[Russia|Russian]] [[Ship class|class]] of [[frigate]]s that were intended as successors to the earlier {{sclass2|Koni|frigate|1}}s and {{sclass2|Grisha|corvette|5}}, and {{sclass2|Parchim|corvette|0}} [[corvette]]s. The first unit of the class, ''Yastreb'' (''Hawk''), was laid down at the [[Zelenodolsk, Republic of Tatarstan|Zelenodol'sk]] Zavod [[shipyard]] at [[Tatarstan]] in 1991. She was launched in July 1993, after which she began fitting out; fitting was nearly completed by late 1995, when it was suspended due to lack of funds. Renamed ''Tatarstan'', the ship was finally completed in July 2002, and became the [[flagship]] of the [[Caspian Flotilla]]. She has two sister ships, ''Albatross'' (renamed ''Dagestan''), and ''Burevestnik'' (''Storm Petrel''), which was still under construction {{As of|2012|lc=on}}.

[[Vietnam]] is the main operator of the class with [[Vietnam People's Navy|its navy]] having commissioned 4 frigates - twice the size of Russia's Project 11661 inventory - and having plans to order at least 2 more.


==Design==
==Design==
These vessels are capable of employing their weapons systems in conditions up to [[Sea State]] 5. The [[hull (watercraft)|hull]] and [[superstructure]] are constructed primarily of steel, with some [[aluminium]]-[[magnesium]] being used in the upper [[superstructure]]. They are equipped with fin [[Stabilizer (aircraft)|stabilizers]] and twin [[rudder]]s, and can use either [[gas turbine]]s or [[Diesel engine|diesel]] for propulsion in a [[Combined diesel or gas|CODOG]] configuration.
These vessels are capable of employing their weapons systems in conditions up to [[Sea State]] 5.{{citation needed|date=July 2022}} The [[hull (watercraft)|hull]] and [[superstructure]] are constructed primarily of steel, with some [[aluminium]]-[[magnesium]] being used in the upper [[superstructure]](stealth technology). They are equipped with fin [[Stabilizer (aircraft)|stabilizers]] and twin [[rudder]]s, and can use either [[gas turbine]]s or [[Diesel engine|diesel]] for propulsion in a [[Combined diesel or gas|CODOG]] configuration.

''Gepard'' is Russian for [[cheetah]].

⚫
==Service history==
⚫
In October 2015, ''Dagestan'', in company with three other Russian Navy ships serving with the Caspian Flotilla, launched cruise missiles at targets in Syria. The missiles flew nearly {{convert|1,500|km|mi}} over Iran and Iraq and struck targets in [[Raqqa]] and [[Aleppo]] provinces (controlled by the [[Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant|Islamic State]]) as well as [[Idlib]] province (controlled by the [[al-Qaeda]]-linked [[Nusra Front]]).<ref>{{cite news |url=https://news.yahoo.com/fighting-erupts-central-syria-amid-russian-airstrikes-072047268.html |title=Russia fires cruise missiles from warships into Syria |work=Yahoo! News |last1=Aji |first1=Albert |last2=Vasilyeva |first2=Nataliya |agency=Associated Press |date=7 October 2015 |access-date=9 October 2015 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151014040244/http://news.yahoo.com/fighting-erupts-central-syria-amid-russian-airstrikes-072047268.html |archive-date=14 October 2015}}</ref> Peshmerga forces (Kurdish armed forces located in northern Iraq) published a video allegedly depicting two cruise missiles mid-flight en route to Syria.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://news.usni.org/2015/10/07/kurdish-video-lends-credibility-to-russian-navy-caspian-sea-strike-mission-claims |title=Kurdish Video Lends Credibility to Russian Navy Caspian Sea Strike Mission Claims |date=October 7, 2015 |website=USNI News}}</ref>

On 6 November 2024 an [[Aeroprakt A-22 Foxbat|A-22]] drone from the [[Armed Forces of Ukraine]] struck the [[Kaspiysk]] naval base and reportedly damaged both ''Tatarstan'' and ''Dagestan'' as well as one {{sclass2|Buyan|corvette|1}}.<ref>{{cite news|url= https://www.forbes.com/sites/davidaxe/2024/11/06/a-ukrainian-drone-motored-700-miles-and-blasted-three-russian-warships-in-one-blow/ |work= [[forbes.com]] |title= A Ukrainian Drone Motored 700 Miles And Blasted Three Russian Warships In One Blow |first= David |last= Axe |author-link= David Axe |date= 2024-11-13 |access-date= 2024-11-13}}</ref><ref>{{cite tweet|user= Gerashchenko_en |author-link= Anton Gerashchenko |number= 1854162196814516295 |title= Reports appeard that two warships were hit in Russian Kaspiysk. The "Tatarstan" and "Dagestan" missile ships were reportedly damaged in a drone strike on the Caspian Fleet in Dagestan. Small missile ships of Project 21631 Buyan-M were also damaged}}</ref>

⚫
==Export==


The Gepard-class was designed from the outset as a lightweight, inexpensive export vessel. Russia offers three variants of the class to the market:<ref>{{Cite web|title=Naval systems {{!}} Catalog Rosoboronexport|url=http://roe.ru/eng/catalog/naval-systems/surface-ships-ships-and-boats/|access-date=2021-11-29|website=roe.ru}}</ref>
⚫
==Export models==
*Gepard 3.9: designed to search, track and fight against surface, underwater and air enemy independently and within task force, plant mine fields, provide protection and patrol of maritime state border and exclusive economic zone, perform combat missions, patrol service. Powered by [[Gas turbine|gas-turbine]] engines with [[CODOG]] configuration. Fitted with two inclined quadruple launchers for eight [[Kh-35]] [[Anti-ship missile|anti-ship missiles]] with alternative options to be featured with VLS systems such as UKSK (for cruise missiles such as [[3M-54 Kalibr|Club-N]] and [[Yakhont]]) and [[Shtil-1]] air-defense system.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Frigate (on the base of the project 11661 escort ship) Gepard 3.9 {{!}} Catalog Rosoboronexport|url=http://roe.ru/eng/catalog/naval-systems/surface-ships-ships-and-boats/gepard-3-9/|access-date=2021-11-29|website=roe.ru}}</ref> Being the only exported variant with [[Vietnam]] being its first and only operator.
The Gepard class was designed from the outset as a lightweight, inexpensive export vessel. The Russians have offered five variants for foreign sale.
*Gepard 5.1: configured as an [[Offshore patrol vessel|ocean-going patrol ship]]. Intended for patrolling territorial waters, helping in distress on the sea, environment protection, support to marine missions and flag demonstration in areas being of state interest. Can be featured with "heavier" weapons if necessary. Powered entirely by diesel engines with a two-shaft [[CODAD]] propulsion plant.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Frigate (on the base of the project 11661) Gepard 5.3 {{!}} Catalog Rosoboronexport|url=http://roe.ru/eng/catalog/naval-systems/surface-ships-ships-and-boats/gepard-5-3/|access-date=2021-11-29|website=roe.ru}}</ref>
*Gepard 1: Helicopter platform (no hangar), [[Variable Depth Sonar|VDS]] deleted.
*Gepard 5.3: designed to search, track and fight against surface, underwater and air enemy independently and within task force, carry out convoy missions and patrol duty, guard maritime state border and economic zone. Featured with four quadruple launchers for sixteen [[Kh-35]] [[Anti-ship missile|anti-ship missiles]]. Powered by a two-shaft [[Combined diesel and diesel|CODAD]] propulsion plant.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Frigate (on the base of the project 11661) Gepard 5.3 {{!}} Catalog Rosoboronexport|url=http://roe.ru/eng/catalog/naval-systems/surface-ships-ships-and-boats/gepard-5-3/|access-date=2021-11-29|website=roe.ru}}</ref>
*Gepard 2: Helicopter platform and hangar, VDS and [[SA-N-4]] deleted.
*Gepard 3: Increased beam of {{convert|13.8|m|ftin}}, displacement increased to 2,100 tons full load, single forward-placed [[Kashtan CIWS|Kortik]] [[CIWS]] in place of AK-630s, helicopter hangar above VDS housing.
*Gepard 4: Unarmed version for search-and-rescue, though weapon mountings still in place.
*Gepard 5: helicopter platform (no hangar), increased range to {{convert|6000|nmi|km|-3|abbr=on}} at {{convert|10|kn|km/h|0}} knots, reduced speed of {{convert|23|kn|km/h|0}}, gas turbines replaced with 2 {{convert|8000|bhp|abbr=on}} [[diesel engine|diesel]]s.


=== Vietnam ===
The [[Vietnam People's Navy]] received in March and August 2011 two Gepard 3.9-class frigates ordered in 2006, built in Russia at Tatarstan's Gorky Shipbuilding Plant. {{As of|2012}} Vietnam was examining a purchase of two more, possibly built in Vietnam under license.<ref>{{cite web |first=John |last=Pike |url=http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/russia/1166_1.htm |title=Project 1166.1 Gepard class |website=Globalsecurity.org |date=21 August 2014 |access-date=9 October 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.defensenews.com/story.php?i=7439844&c=ASI&s=SEA |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120731065632/http://www.defensenews.com/story.php?i=7439844&c=ASI&s=SEA |url-status=dead |archive-date=31 July 2012 |title=Vietnam Receives Second Russian-Made Frigate |work=Defense News |agency=Agence France-Presse |date=22 August 2011 |access-date=9 October 2015}}</ref> In late 2011 Vietnam signed a contract for an additional batch of two ships in an anti-submarine version.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://rusnavy.com/news/navy/index.php?ELEMENT_ID=13819 |title=Vietnam Bought Second Batch of Russian Gepard-Class Frigates |website=rusnavy.com |date=7 December 2011 |access-date=9 October 2015 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140902054020/http://rusnavy.com/news/navy/index.php?ELEMENT_ID=13819 |archive-date=2 September 2014}}</ref> A further two ships are being considered to bring the total order up to six vessels.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=Vietnam raises interest in procuring improved Gepard 3.9-class frigates from Russia|url=https://www.asiapacificdefensejournal.com/2021/09/vietnam-raises-interest-in-procuring.html|access-date=2021-10-24|website=Asia Pacific Defense Journal}}</ref>
In March and August of 2011, the [[Vietnam People's Navy]] received two Gepard 3.9-class frigates ordered in 2006, built in Russia at Tatarstan's Gorky Shipbuilding Plant. In late 2011, Vietnam signed a contract for an additional batch of two ships in an anti-submarine configuration.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://rusnavy.com/news/navy/index.php?ELEMENT_ID=13819 |title=Vietnam Bought Second Batch of Russian Gepard-Class Frigates |website=rusnavy.com |date=7 December 2011 |access-date=9 October 2015 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140902054020/http://rusnavy.com/news/navy/index.php?ELEMENT_ID=13819 |archive-date=2 September 2014}}</ref> A further two ships are being considered to bring the total order up to six vessels, and that potential acquisition is likely being stalled due to [[International sanctions during the Russo-Ukrainian War|sanctions towards Russia]] as a result of the [[2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine|Ukrainian conflicts.]]<ref>{{cite web |first=John |last=Pike |url=http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/russia/1166_1.htm |title=Project 1166.1 Gepard class |website=Globalsecurity.org |date=21 August 2014 |access-date=9 October 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.defensenews.com/story.php?i=7439844&c=ASI&s=SEA |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120731065632/http://www.defensenews.com/story.php?i=7439844&c=ASI&s=SEA |url-status=dead |archive-date=31 July 2012 |title=Vietnam Receives Second Russian-Made Frigate |work=Defense News |agency=Agence France-Presse |date=22 August 2011 |access-date=9 October 2015}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=Vietnam raises interest in procuring improved Gepard 3.9-class frigates from Russia|url=https://www.asiapacificdefensejournal.com/2021/09/vietnam-raises-interest-in-procuring.html|access-date=2021-10-24|website=Asia Pacific Defense Journal}}</ref>


=== Sri Lanka ===
[[Sri Lanka]] began talks for the credit purchase of a Gepard 5.1 frigate in 2017 and the Sri Lankan cabinet approved the proposal by President [[Maithripala Sirisena]] for the purchase of the ship in September 2017.<ref>{{Cite news |url=http://www.sundaytimes.lk/171203/columns/271546-271546.html |title=Deal for Rs. 20 billion++ Russian patrol vessel this week, company chief comes in private jet |date=December 3, 2017 |work=[[The Sunday Times (Sri Lanka)|The Sunday Times]] |access-date=2017-12-04}}</ref>
[[Sri Lanka]] began talks for the credit purchase of a Gepard 5.1 frigate in 2017 and the Sri Lankan cabinet approved the proposal by President [[Maithripala Sirisena]] for the purchase of the ship in September 2017.<ref>{{Cite news |url=http://www.sundaytimes.lk/171203/columns/271546-271546.html |title=Deal for Rs. 20 billion++ Russian patrol vessel this week, company chief comes in private jet |date=December 3, 2017 |work=[[The Sunday Times (Sri Lanka)|The Sunday Times]] |access-date=2017-12-04}}</ref>


==Ships==
==Ships==
Line 94: Line 111:
File:Caspian Frigate Tatarstan.jpg|[[Russian Navy|Russian]] [[frigate]] 691 ''Tatarstan''
File:Caspian Frigate Tatarstan.jpg|[[Russian Navy|Russian]] [[frigate]] 691 ''Tatarstan''
File:Caspian Frigate Dagestan.jpg|[[Russian Navy|Russian]] [[frigate]] 693 ''Dagestan''
File:Caspian Frigate Dagestan.jpg|[[Russian Navy|Russian]] [[frigate]] 693 ''Dagestan''
File:HQ 011 converted.jpg|[[Vietnam People's Navy|Vietnamese]] [[frigate]] HQ-011 ''Đinh Tiên Hoàng''
File:Vietnam People's Navy Ship 011 'Đinh Tiên Hoàng' (Project 11661E Gepard 3.9).jpg|Vietnam People Navy Ship 011 ''Đinh Tiên Hoàng''
File:Second Edition of Indian Navy-Vietnam Peoples’ Navy Bilateral Exercise (2).jpg|[[Vietnam People's Navy|Vietnamese]] [[frigate]] HQ-016 ''Quang Trung''
File:Vietnam People's Navy ship 015 Trần Hưng Đạo - Project 11661E Gepard 3.9 frigate.jpg|Vietnam People's Navy Ship 015 ''Trần Hưng Đạo''
</gallery>
</gallery>
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
|-
|-
! [[Pennant number|No.]]
! Operator
! No.
! Name
! Name
![[Namesake]]
! Project
! [[List of ships of Russia by project number|Project designation]]
! Builder
! [[Shipyard|Builder]]
! Laid Down
! [[Laid down|Laid Down]]
! Launched
! [[Ceremonial ship launching|Launched]]
! Commissioned
! [[Ship commissioning|Commissioned]]
! Fleet
! [[Naval fleet|Fleet]]
! Status
! Status
|-
|-
! colspan="10" |{{Flagicon image|Naval Ensign of Russia.svg}} [[Russian Navy]] (2)
⚫
| rowspan=2 | {{navy|Russia}}
⚫
|-
| 691
| 691
| ''Tatarstan''<br>(ex-''Yastreb'')
| ''Tatarstan''<br>(ex-''Yastreb'')
|[[Republic of Tatarstan]]
| 11661
| 11661
| rowspan="6" | [[Zelenodolsk Shipyard]]
| rowspan="2" | [[Zelenodolsk Shipyard]]
| 1993
| 1993
| 2 July 2001
| 2 July 2001
Line 123: Line 142:
| 693
| 693
| ''Dagestan''<br>(ex-''Albatros'')
| ''Dagestan''<br>(ex-''Albatros'')
|[[Republic of Dagestan]]
| 11661K
| 11661K
| 1994
| 1994
Line 129: Line 149:
| Active
| Active
|-
|-
| rowspan=6 |{{Flagicon image|Ensign of Vietnam People's Navy.svg}} [[Vietnam People's Navy]]
! colspan="10" |{{Flagicon image|Ensign of Vietnam People's Navy.svg}} [[Vietnam People's Navy]] (4+2)
⚫
|-
| 011
| 011
| [[Vietnamese frigate Dinh Tien Hoang (HQ-011)|''Dinh Tien Hoang'']]
| [[Vietnamese frigate Dinh Tien Hoang (HQ-011)|''Dinh Tien Hoang'']]
|[[Đinh Tiên Hoàng]]
| rowspan="2" | 11661E (Gepard 3.9 batch I)
| rowspan="2" | 11661E (Gepard 3.9 batch I)
| rowspan="4" |[[Zelenodolsk Shipyard]]
| 10 July 2007
| 10 July 2007
| 12 December 2010 <ref>{{cite web |url=http://rusnavy.com/news/navy/index.php?ELEMENT_ID=8274 |title=Russian shipyard built frigate for Vietnam |website=rusnavy.com |date=14 December 2009 |access-date=9 October 2015 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200927232755/http://rusnavy.com/news/navy/index.php?ELEMENT_ID=8274 |archive-date=2020-09-27}}</ref>
| 12 December 2010<ref>{{cite web |url=http://rusnavy.com/news/navy/index.php?ELEMENT_ID=8274 |title=Russian shipyard built frigate for Vietnam |website=rusnavy.com |date=14 December 2009 |access-date=9 October 2015 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200927232755/http://rusnavy.com/news/navy/index.php?ELEMENT_ID=8274 |archive-date=2020-09-27}}</ref>
| 23 March 2011 <ref>{{cite web |url=http://flot.com/news/vpk/index.php?ELEMENT_ID=56698 |script-title=ru:Работы над фрегатами "Гепард" для Вьетнама близки к завершению |trans-title=Work on Gepard frigates for Vietnam close to completion |language=ru |website=flot.com |date=26 October 2010 |access-date=9 October 2015}}</ref>
| 23 March 2011<ref>{{cite web |url=http://flot.com/news/vpk/index.php?ELEMENT_ID=56698 |script-title=ru:Работы над фрегатами "Гепард" для Вьетнама близки к завершению |trans-title=Work on Gepard frigates for Vietnam close to completion |language=ru |website=flot.com |date=26 October 2010 |access-date=9 October 2015}}</ref>
| rowspan="6" |[[4th Regional Command]]
| rowspan="6" |[[4th Regional Command|Naval Region 4]]
| Active
| Active
|-
|-
| 012
| 012
| [[Vietnamese frigate Ly Thai To (HQ-012)|''Ly Thai To'']]
| [[Vietnamese frigate Ly Thai To (HQ-012)|''Ly Thai To'']]
|[[Lý Thái Tổ]]
| 27 November 2007
| 27 November 2007
| 16 March 2011{{Citation needed|date=November 2020}}
| 16 March 2011{{Citation needed|date=November 2020}}
| 22 August 2011 <ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.tuoitrenews.vn/cmlink/tuoitrenews/politics/vietnam-gets-most-modern-patrol-ship-in-region-1.41637?localLinksEnabled=false |title=Vietnam gets most modern patrol ship in region |website=[[Tuổi Trẻ]] |date=22 August 2011 |access-date=2011-12-28 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120923023003/http://www.tuoitrenews.vn/cmlink/tuoitrenews/politics/vietnam-gets-most-modern-patrol-ship-in-region-1.41637?localLinksEnabled=false |archive-date=September 23, 2012}}</ref>
| 22 August 2011<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.tuoitrenews.vn/cmlink/tuoitrenews/politics/vietnam-gets-most-modern-patrol-ship-in-region-1.41637?localLinksEnabled=false |title=Vietnam gets most modern patrol ship in region |website=[[Tuổi Trẻ]] |date=22 August 2011 |access-date=2011-12-28 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120923023003/http://www.tuoitrenews.vn/cmlink/tuoitrenews/politics/vietnam-gets-most-modern-patrol-ship-in-region-1.41637?localLinksEnabled=false |archive-date=September 23, 2012}}</ref>
| Active
| Active
|-
|-
| 015
| 015
| ''Tran Hung Dao''
| ''Tran Hung Dao''
|[[Trần Hưng Đạo]]
| rowspan="2" |11661E (Gepard 3.9 batch II)
| rowspan="2" |11661E (Gepard 3.9 batch II)
| 24 September 2013<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|date=2014-04-02|title=Chi tiết thời điểm Việt Nam nhận 2 chiến hạm Gepard-3.9 mới|url=https://datviet.trithuccuocsong.vn/quoc-phong/quoc-phong-viet-nam/chi-tiet-thoi-diem-viet-nam-nhan-2-chien-ham-gepard-39-moi-3031580/|access-date=2021-10-24|website=datviet.trithuccuocsong.vn}}</ref>
| 24 September 2013<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|date=2014-04-02|title=Chi tiết thời điểm Việt Nam nhận 2 chiến hạm Gepard-3.9 mới|url=https://datviet.trithuccuocsong.vn/quoc-phong/quoc-phong-viet-nam/chi-tiet-thoi-diem-viet-nam-nhan-2-chien-ham-gepard-39-moi-3031580/|access-date=2021-10-24|website=datviet.trithuccuocsong.vn|archive-date=24 October 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211024005949/https://datviet.trithuccuocsong.vn/quoc-phong/quoc-phong-viet-nam/chi-tiet-thoi-diem-viet-nam-nhan-2-chien-ham-gepard-39-moi-3031580/|url-status=dead}}</ref>
| 27 April 2016<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.zdship.ru/press-center/news-events/1813 |title= Фрегат "Гепард 3.9" тожественно спущен на воду |trans-title=The frigate "Gepard 3.9" was launched |language=ru |website=Zelenodolsk Plant |date=27 April 2016 |access-date=28 April 2016}}</ref>
| 27 April 2016<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.zdship.ru/press-center/news-events/1813 |title=Фрегат "Гепард 3.9" тожественно спущен на воду |trans-title=The frigate "Gepard 3.9" was launched |language=ru |website=Zelenodolsk Plant |date=27 April 2016 |access-date=28 April 2016 |archive-date=6 February 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220206114739/https://www.zdship.ru/press-center/news-events/1813/ |url-status=dead }}</ref>
| 6 February 2018
| 6 February 2018
| Active<ref>{{cite web |url=https://navaltoday.com/2017/10/30/third-gepard-frigate-arrives-to-vietnam-from-russia/ |title=Third Gepard frigate arrives to Vietnam from Russia |date=30 October 2017 |website=Naval Today |access-date=12 January 2018}}</ref>
| Active<ref>{{cite web |url=https://navaltoday.com/2017/10/30/third-gepard-frigate-arrives-to-vietnam-from-russia/ |title=Third Gepard frigate arrives to Vietnam from Russia |date=30 October 2017 |website=Naval Today |access-date=12 January 2018}}</ref>
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| ''Quang Trung''
|[[Quang Trung]]
| 24 September 2013<ref name=":1" />
| 24 September 2013<ref name=":1" />
| 26 May 2016
| 26 May 2016
| 6 February 2018
| 6 February 2018
| Active<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.janes.com/article/77296/vietnam-s-fourth-gepard-frigate-arrives-in-cam-ranh-bay |title=Vietnam’s fourth Gepard frigate arrives in Cam Ranh Bay |website=[[Jane's Information Group]] |access-date=4 February 2018 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180207183508/http://www.janes.com/article/77296/vietnam-s-fourth-gepard-frigate-arrives-in-cam-ranh-bay |archive-date=7 February 2018}}</ref>
| Active<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.janes.com/article/77296/vietnam-s-fourth-gepard-frigate-arrives-in-cam-ranh-bay |title=Vietnam's fourth Gepard frigate arrives in Cam Ranh Bay |website=[[Jane's Information Group]] |access-date=4 February 2018 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180207183508/http://www.janes.com/article/77296/vietnam-s-fourth-gepard-frigate-arrives-in-cam-ranh-bay |archive-date=7 February 2018}}</ref>
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| rowspan="2" |11661_ (Gepard 3.9 batch III)
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⚫
==Service==
⚫
In October 2015, ''Dagestan'', in company with three other Russian Navy ships serving with the Caspian Flotilla, launched cruise missiles at targets in [[Syria]]. The missiles flew nearly {{convert|1,500|km|mi}} over [[Iran]] and [[Iraq]] and struck targets in [[Raqqa]] and [[Aleppo]] provinces (controlled by the [[Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant|Islamic State]]) as well as [[Idlib]] province (controlled by the [[al-Qaeda]]-linked [[Nusra Front]]).<ref>{{cite news |url=https://news.yahoo.com/fighting-erupts-central-syria-amid-russian-airstrikes-072047268.html |title=Russia fires cruise missiles from warships into Syria |work=Yahoo! News |last=Aji |first=Albert |last2=Vasilyeva |first2=Nataliya |agency=Associated Press |date=7 October 2015 |access-date=9 October 2015 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151014040244/http://news.yahoo.com/fighting-erupts-central-syria-amid-russian-airstrikes-072047268.html |archive-date=14 October 2015}}</ref> Peshmerga forces (Kurdish armed forces located in northern Iraq) published a video allegedly depicting two cruise missiles mid-flight en route to Syria.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://news.usni.org/2015/10/07/kurdish-video-lends-credibility-to-russian-navy-caspian-sea-strike-mission-claims |title=Kurdish Video Lends Credibility to Russian Navy Caspian Sea Strike Mission Claims |date=October 7, 2015 |website=USNI News}}</ref>


==See also==
==See also==

Latest revision as of 16:55, 17 November 2024

Quang Trung - one of the two ships in the second batch of Gepard 3.9 built for the Vietnam People's Navy
Class overview
NameGepard class (Project 1166.1)
BuildersZelenodolsk Plant Gorky
Operators
Preceded by
Subclasses
  • Project 11661 Tatarstan
  • Project 11661K Dagestan
  • Project 11661E Gepard:
    • Gepard 3.9: Batch I; Batch II
    • Gepard 5.1
    • Gepard 5.3
Cost
  • 11661E (Gepard 3.9 batch I): US$175 million per ship
  • 11661E (Gepard 3.9 batch II): US$350 million per ship (price included ammunition, maintenance packages signed between Vietnam and Russia)
Built1991–2016
Planned10
Completed6
Active6
General characteristics
TypeFrigate
Displacement
  • 1,500 tons (standard)
  • 1,930 tons (full load)
LengthApprox 102.4 m (336 ft) (Gepard 3.9 batch II)
Beam
  • 13.09 m (42.9 ft)
  • Approx 15 m (49 ft) (Gepard 3.9)
Draught5.7 m (19 ft)
PropulsionTwin-shaft CODOG, FPP, 2 x 14,300 + 1 x 6,000 (kW)
Speed29 knots (54 km/h; 33 mph)
Range4,000 nmi (7,000 km) at 10 knots (19 km/h)
Endurance20 days
Complement94
Sensors and
processing systems
  • MR-231-1 Pal navigation radar
  • Mineral-ME shipborne multifunctional radar system (including guidance and target designation functions for cruise missiles)
  • 5P-26/MR-352 Pozitiv-ME1/-ME1.2 3D active shipborne radars
  • 5P-10E-03E Laska fire control radar for naval gun and CIWS
  • Sonar: MGK-335EM-03 with under-keel antenna
Electronic warfare
& decoys
  • EW Suite: 2 × Bell Shroud passive intercept, 2 × Bell Squat jammers,
  • Countermeasures: 4 × 16-barreled Pk-16 decoy launchers
Armament
Notes[1]

The Gepard-class frigates, Russian designation Project 11661, is a Russian class of frigates that were intended as successors to the earlier Koni-class frigates and Grisha, and Parchim-class corvettes. The first unit of the class, Yastreb (Hawk), was laid down at the Zelenodol'sk Zavod shipyard at Tatarstan in 1991. She was launched in July 1993, after which she began fitting out; fitting was nearly completed by late 1995, when it was suspended due to lack of funds. Renamed Tatarstan, the ship was finally completed in July 2002, and became the flagship of the Caspian Flotilla. She has two sister ships, Albatross (renamed Dagestan), and Burevestnik (Storm Petrel), which was still under construction as of 2012.

Vietnam is the main operator of the class with its navy having commissioned 4 frigates - twice the size of Russia's Project 11661 inventory - and having plans to order at least 2 more.

Design

[edit]

These vessels are capable of employing their weapons systems in conditions up to Sea State 5.[citation needed] The hull and superstructure are constructed primarily of steel, with some aluminium-magnesium being used in the upper superstructure(stealth technology). They are equipped with fin stabilizers and twin rudders, and can use either gas turbines or diesel for propulsion in a CODOG configuration.

Gepard is Russian for cheetah.

Service history

[edit]

In October 2015, Dagestan, in company with three other Russian Navy ships serving with the Caspian Flotilla, launched cruise missiles at targets in Syria. The missiles flew nearly 1,500 kilometres (930 mi) over Iran and Iraq and struck targets in Raqqa and Aleppo provinces (controlled by the Islamic State) as well as Idlib province (controlled by the al-Qaeda-linked Nusra Front).[1] Peshmerga forces (Kurdish armed forces located in northern Iraq) published a video allegedly depicting two cruise missiles mid-flight en route to Syria.[2]

On 6 November 2024 an A-22 drone from the Armed Forces of Ukraine struck the Kaspiysk naval base and reportedly damaged both Tatarstan and Dagestan as well as one Buyan-class corvette.[3][4]

Export

[edit]

The Gepard-class was designed from the outset as a lightweight, inexpensive export vessel. Russia offers three variants of the class to the market:[5]

  • Gepard 3.9: designed to search, track and fight against surface, underwater and air enemy independently and within task force, plant mine fields, provide protection and patrol of maritime state border and exclusive economic zone, perform combat missions, patrol service. Powered by gas-turbine engines with CODOG configuration. Fitted with two inclined quadruple launchers for eight Kh-35 anti-ship missiles with alternative options to be featured with VLS systems such as UKSK (for cruise missiles such as Club-N and Yakhont) and Shtil-1 air-defense system.[6] Being the only exported variant with Vietnam being its first and only operator.
  • Gepard 5.1: configured as an ocean-going patrol ship. Intended for patrolling territorial waters, helping in distress on the sea, environment protection, support to marine missions and flag demonstration in areas being of state interest. Can be featured with "heavier" weapons if necessary. Powered entirely by diesel engines with a two-shaft CODAD propulsion plant.[7]
  • Gepard 5.3: designed to search, track and fight against surface, underwater and air enemy independently and within task force, carry out convoy missions and patrol duty, guard maritime state border and economic zone. Featured with four quadruple launchers for sixteen Kh-35 anti-ship missiles. Powered by a two-shaft CODAD propulsion plant.[8]

Vietnam

[edit]

In March and August of 2011, the Vietnam People's Navy received two Gepard 3.9-class frigates ordered in 2006, built in Russia at Tatarstan's Gorky Shipbuilding Plant. In late 2011, Vietnam signed a contract for an additional batch of two ships in an anti-submarine configuration.[9] A further two ships are being considered to bring the total order up to six vessels, and that potential acquisition is likely being stalled due to sanctions towards Russia as a result of the Ukrainian conflicts.[10][11][12]

Sri Lanka

[edit]

Sri Lanka began talks for the credit purchase of a Gepard 5.1 frigate in 2017 and the Sri Lankan cabinet approved the proposal by President Maithripala Sirisena for the purchase of the ship in September 2017.[13]

Ships

[edit]
  • Russian frigate 691 Tatarstan
    Russian frigate 691 Tatarstan
  • Russian frigate 693 Dagestan
    Russian frigate 693 Dagestan
  • Vietnam People Navy Ship 011 Đinh Tiên Hoàng
    Vietnam People Navy Ship 011 Đinh Tiên Hoàng
  • Vietnam People's Navy Ship 015 Trần Hưng Đạo
    Vietnam People's Navy Ship 015 Trần Hưng Đạo
No. Name Namesake Project designation Builder Laid Down Launched Commissioned Fleet Status
Russian Navy (2)
691 Tatarstan
(ex-Yastreb) 		Republic of Tatarstan 11661 Zelenodolsk Shipyard 1993 2 July 2001 31 August 2003 Caspian Active
693 Dagestan
(ex-Albatros) 		Republic of Dagestan 11661K 1994 1 April 2011[14] 28 November 2012[15] Active
Vietnam People's Navy (4+2)
011 Dinh Tien Hoang Đinh Tiên Hoàng 11661E (Gepard 3.9 batch I) Zelenodolsk Shipyard 10 July 2007 12 December 2010[16] 23 March 2011[17] Naval Region 4 Active
012 Ly Thai To Lý Thái Tổ 27 November 2007 16 March 2011[citation needed] 22 August 2011[18] Active
015 Tran Hung Dao Trần Hưng Đạo 11661E (Gepard 3.9 batch II) 24 September 2013[19] 27 April 2016[20] 6 February 2018 Active[21]
016 Quang Trung Quang Trung 24 September 2013[19] 26 May 2016 6 February 2018 Active[22]
- - - 11661_ (Gepard 3.9 batch III) - - - - Planned[12]
- - - - - -

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Aji, Albert; Vasilyeva, Nataliya (7 October 2015). "Russia fires cruise missiles from warships into Syria". Yahoo! News. Associated Press. Archived from the original on 14 October 2015. Retrieved 9 October 2015.
  2. ^ "Kurdish Video Lends Credibility to Russian Navy Caspian Sea Strike Mission Claims". USNI News. 7 October 2015.
  3. ^ Axe, David (13 November 2024). "A Ukrainian Drone Motored 700 Miles And Blasted Three Russian Warships In One Blow". forbes.com. Retrieved 13 November 2024.
  4. ^ @Gerashchenko_en (6 November 2024). "Reports appeard that two warships were hit in Russian Kaspiysk. The "Tatarstan" and "Dagestan" missile ships were reportedly damaged in a drone strike on the Caspian Fleet in Dagestan. Small missile ships of Project 21631 Buyan-M were also damaged" (Tweet) – via Twitter.
  5. ^ "Naval systems | Catalog Rosoboronexport". roe.ru. Retrieved 29 November 2021.
  6. ^ "Frigate (on the base of the project 11661 escort ship) Gepard 3.9 | Catalog Rosoboronexport". roe.ru. Retrieved 29 November 2021.
  7. ^ "Frigate (on the base of the project 11661) Gepard 5.3 | Catalog Rosoboronexport". roe.ru. Retrieved 29 November 2021.
  8. ^ "Frigate (on the base of the project 11661) Gepard 5.3 | Catalog Rosoboronexport". roe.ru. Retrieved 29 November 2021.
  9. ^ "Vietnam Bought Second Batch of Russian Gepard-Class Frigates". rusnavy.com. 7 December 2011. Archived from the original on 2 September 2014. Retrieved 9 October 2015.
  10. ^ Pike, John (21 August 2014). "Project 1166.1 Gepard class". Globalsecurity.org. Retrieved 9 October 2015.
  11. ^ "Vietnam Receives Second Russian-Made Frigate". Defense News. Agence France-Presse. 22 August 2011. Archived from the original on 31 July 2012. Retrieved 9 October 2015.
  12. ^ a b "Vietnam raises interest in procuring improved Gepard 3.9-class frigates from Russia". Asia Pacific Defense Journal. Retrieved 24 October 2021.
  13. ^ "Deal for Rs. 20 billion++ Russian patrol vessel this week, company chief comes in private jet". The Sunday Times. 3 December 2017. Retrieved 4 December 2017.
  14. ^ "Missile ship Dagestan was launched in Zelenodolsk". rusnavy.com. 5 April 2011. Archived from the original on 6 April 2012. Retrieved 9 October 2015.
  15. ^ "Caspian Flotilla Commissions New Corvette". rusnavy.com. 28 November 2012. Archived from the original on 24 December 2018. Retrieved 9 October 2015.
  16. ^ "Russian shipyard built frigate for Vietnam". rusnavy.com. 14 December 2009. Archived from the original on 27 September 2020. Retrieved 9 October 2015.
  17. ^ Работы над фрегатами "Гепард" для Вьетнама близки к завершению [Work on Gepard frigates for Vietnam close to completion]. flot.com (in Russian). 26 October 2010. Retrieved 9 October 2015.
  18. ^ "Vietnam gets most modern patrol ship in region". Tuổi Trẻ. 22 August 2011. Archived from the original on 23 September 2012. Retrieved 28 December 2011.
  19. ^ a b "Chi tiết thời điểm Việt Nam nhận 2 chiến hạm Gepard-3.9 mới". datviet.trithuccuocsong.vn. 2 April 2014. Archived from the original on 24 October 2021. Retrieved 24 October 2021.
  20. ^ "Фрегат "Гепард 3.9" тожественно спущен на воду" [The frigate "Gepard 3.9" was launched]. Zelenodolsk Plant (in Russian). 27 April 2016. Archived from the original on 6 February 2022. Retrieved 28 April 2016.
  21. ^ "Third Gepard frigate arrives to Vietnam from Russia". Naval Today. 30 October 2017. Retrieved 12 January 2018.
  22. ^ "Vietnam's fourth Gepard frigate arrives in Cam Ranh Bay". Jane's Information Group. Archived from the original on 7 February 2018. Retrieved 4 February 2018.
[edit]
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