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{{Short description|American actress}}
{{Short description|American actress (1920–1998)}}
{{Use American English|date=July 2020}}
{{Use American English|date=July 2020}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=July 2020}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=July 2020}}
{{Infobox person
{{Infobox person
| name = Esther Rolle
| name = Esther Rolle
| image = Esther Rolle 1974.JPG
| image = Esther Rolle 1978.jpg
| image_size =
| image_size =
| alt =
| alt =
| caption = Rolle on the set of ''[[Good Times]]'', 1974
| caption = Rolle in 1978
| birth_name = Esther Elizabeth Rolle
| birth_date = {{birth date|1920|11|8}}
| birth_date = {{birth date|1920|11|8}}
| birth_place = [[Pompano Beach, Florida]], U.S.
| birth_place = [[Pompano Beach, Florida]], U.S.
| death_date = {{death date and age|1998|11|17|1920|11|8}}
| death_date = {{death date and age|1998|11|17|1920|11|8}}
| death_place = [[Culver City, California]], U.S.
| resting_place = [[Westview Community Cemetery]], Pompano Beach, Florida
| death_place = [[Culver City, California]], U.S.
| resting_place = [[Westview Community Cemetery]], Pompano Beach, Florida
| nationality = American
| occupation = Actress
| nationality = American, Bahamian
| years_active = 1964–1998
| occupation = Actress
| known_for = Florida Evans in ''[[Maude (TV series)|Maude]]'' and ''[[Good Times]]''
| years_active = 1964–1998
| known_for = Florida Evans on ''[[Maude (TV series)|Maude]]'' and ''[[Good Times]]''
| spouse = {{marriage|Oscar Robinson<br />|1955|1975|reason=div.}}
| spouse = {{marriage|Oscar Robinson<br />|1955|1975|reason=div.}}
| partner =
| partner =
| relatives = [[Estelle Evans]] (sister)<br />[[Rosanna Carter]] (sister)
| relatives = [[Estelle Evans]] (sister)<br />[[Rosanna Carter]] (sister)
| awards = 1979 Primetime [[Emmy]] Award: Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Limited Series or a Special<br />''[[Summer of My German Soldier (TV film)|Summer of My German Soldier]]''}}
| awards = 1979 Primetime [[Emmy]] Award: Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Limited Series or a Special<br />''[[Summer of My German Soldier (TV film)|Summer of My German Soldier]]''
}}
[[File:Good Times the Evans family 1974.JPG|thumb|275px|On ''[[Good Times]]'' (1974), L-R: [[Ralph Carter]], [[BernNadette Stanis]], [[Jimmie Walker]], Esther Rolle, and [[John Amos]]]]
[[File:Good Times the Evans family 1974.JPG|thumb|275px|On ''[[Good Times]]'' (1974), L-R: [[Ralph Carter]], [[Bern Nadette Stanis]], [[Jimmie Walker]], Esther Rolle, and [[John Amos]]]]
'''Esther Rolle''' (November 8, 1920&nbsp;– November 17, 1998) was an American actress. She is best known for her role as [[Florida Evans]], on the [[CBS]] television sitcom ''[[Maude (TV series)|Maude]],'' for two seasons (1972–1974), and its [[spin-off (media)|spin-off]] series ''[[Good Times]]'', for five seasons (1974–77, 1978–79), for which Rolle was nominated for a [[Golden Globe Award]] for Best Actress - Television Series Musical or Comedy in 1976. In 1979, Rolle accepted the [[Emmy Award]] for Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Limited Series or Special for the television film ''[[Summer of My German Soldier (film)|Summer of My German Soldier]]''.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.emmys.com/bios/esther-rolle|title=Esther Rolle}}</ref>
'''Esther Elizabeth Rolle''' (November 8, 1920 – November 17, 1998) was an American actress. She is best known for her role as Florida Evans, on the [[CBS]] television sitcom ''[[Maude (TV series)|Maude]],'' for two seasons (1972–1974), and its [[spin-off (media)|spin-off]] series ''[[Good Times]]'', for which she was nominated for a [[Golden Globe Award]] for Best Actress - Television Series Musical or Comedy in 1976. In 1979, Rolle won the [[Emmy Award]] for Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Limited Series or Special for the television film ''[[Summer of My German Soldier (film)|Summer of My German Soldier]]''.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.emmys.com/bios/esther-rolle|title=Esther Rolle}}</ref>


==Early life==
==Early life==
Esther Rolle was born in [[Pompano Beach, Florida]] to Bahamian immigrants Jonathan Rolle (1883–1953), a farmer, and Elizabeth Iris Rolle (née Dames; 1893–1981). Her parents were both born and raised in Nassau, New Providence, The Bahamas and moved to Florida some time after their marriage. She was the tenth of 18 children (children who included siblings and fellow actresses [[Estelle Evans]] and [[Rosanna Carter]]).<ref name="NYTimes obit">{{cite news|last=Sterngold|first=James|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1998/11/19/arts/esther-rolle-78-who-played-feisty-maid-and-matriarch.html?pagewanted=all|title=Esther Rolle, 78, Who Played Feisty Maid and Matriarch|work=[[The New York Times]]|location=[[New York City]]|date= November 19, 1998}}</ref> Rolle graduated from [[Blanche Ely High School]] in Pompano Beach, Florida.<ref name="AA Registry">[http://www.aaregistry.org/historic_events/view/star-stage-screen-and-tv-esther-rolle Esther Rolle] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131102050949/http://www.aaregistry.org/historic_events/view/star-stage-screen-and-tv-esther-rolle |date=2013-11-02 }} at the African American Registry</ref> She initially studied at [[Spelman College]] in [[Atlanta]], before moving to [[New York City]].<ref name="AA Registry"/> While in New York, she attended [[Hunter College]] before transferring to [[The New School]] and then [[Yale University]] in [[New Haven, Connecticut]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.dlife.com/diabetes/famous_people/actors_actresses/esther_rolle_biography|title=Esther Rolle biography|work=[[DLife]]|publisher=LifeMed Media, Inc.|location=[[Westport, Connecticut]]|date=June 14, 2012|access-date=April 16, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150416170559/http://www.dlife.com/diabetes/famous_people/actors_actresses/esther_rolle_biography|archive-date=April 16, 2015}}</ref> For many years, Rolle worked in a traditional day job in New York City's garment district.<ref name=nytbio>{{cite news|title=Esther Rolle biography|url=http://movies2.nytimes.com/gst/movies/filmography.html?p_id=61226|work=The New York Times|first=Hal|last=Erickson|access-date=2007-04-28}}</ref>
Esther Rolle was born in [[Pompano Beach, Florida]] to Bahamian immigrants Jonathan Rolle (1883–1953), a farmer, and Elizabeth Iris Rolle (née Dames; 1887–1947). Her parents were both born and raised in [[Nassau, Bahamas|Nassau]], New Providence, [[The Bahamas]] and moved to Florida some time after their marriage. She was the tenth of 18 children (children who included siblings and fellow actresses [[Estelle Evans]] and [[Rosanna Carter]]).<ref name="NYTimes obit">{{cite news|last=Sterngold|first=James|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1998/11/19/arts/esther-rolle-78-who-played-feisty-maid-and-matriarch.html?pagewanted=all|title=Esther Rolle, 78, Who Played Feisty Maid and Matriarch|work=[[The New York Times]]|location=[[New York City]]|date= November 19, 1998}}</ref> Rolle graduated from [[Blanche Ely High School]] in Pompano Beach.<ref name="AA Registry">[http://www.aaregistry.org/historic_events/view/star-stage-screen-and-tv-esther-rolle Esther Rolle] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131102050949/http://www.aaregistry.org/historic_events/view/star-stage-screen-and-tv-esther-rolle |date=2013-11-02 }} at the African American Registry</ref> She initially studied at [[Spelman College]] in [[Atlanta]], before moving to [[New York City]].<ref name="AA Registry"/> While in New York, she attended [[Hunter College]] before transferring to [[The New School]] and then [[Yale University]] in [[New Haven, Connecticut]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.dlife.com/diabetes/famous_people/actors_actresses/esther_rolle_biography|title=Esther Rolle biography|work=[[DLife]]|publisher=LifeMed Media, Inc.|location=[[Westport, Connecticut]]|date=June 14, 2012|access-date=April 16, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150416170559/http://www.dlife.com/diabetes/famous_people/actors_actresses/esther_rolle_biography|archive-date=April 16, 2015}}</ref> For many years, Rolle worked in a traditional day job in New York City's garment district.<ref name=nytbio>{{cite news|title=Esther Rolle biography|url=http://movies2.nytimes.com/gst/movies/filmography.html?p_id=61226|work=The New York Times|first=Hal|last=Erickson|access-date=2007-04-28|archive-date=October 5, 2003|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20031005061739/http://movies2.nytimes.com/gst/movies/filmography.html?p_id=61226|url-status=dead}}</ref>


==Career==
==Career==
[[File:EstherRolle.jpg|thumb|Rolle in the 1990s]]

===Dance and theater===
===Dance and theater===
Rolle was a member of [[Asadata Dafora]]'s dance troupe, Shogolo Oloba<ref name="NYTimes obit" /> (later renamed the Federal Theater African Dance Troupe). She became the troupe's director in 1960.<ref name="AA Registry" /> Rolle's earliest roles were on the stage; her New York stage debut was in the 1962 play ''[[The Blacks (play)|The Blacks]]''. She was often cast in plays produced by [[Robert Hooks]] and the [[Negro Ensemble Company]]. She also appeared in productions of ''[[The Crucible]]'' and ''Blues for Mr. Charlie''.<ref name=nytbio/> Rolle's most prominent early role was as Miss Maybell in the 1973 [[Melvin Van Peebles]] play, ''[[Don't Play Us Cheap]]''.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.cnn.com/SHOWBIZ/TV/9811/18/rolle.obit |title='Good Times' matriarch Esther Rolle dies at 78|work=[[CNN]]|publisher=[[Turner Broadcasting System]]|location=[[Atlanta]]|agency=Associated Press|date=November 18, 1998|access-date=April 28, 2007|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060615045332/http://www.cnn.com/SHOWBIZ/TV/9811/18/rolle.obit/|archive-date=June 15, 2006}}</ref>{{ref|1|1}} In 1977, Rolle portrayed Lady Macbeth in Orson Welles' Haitian-influenced version of William Shakespeare's ''Macbeth'' at the Henry Street New Federal Theater in Manhattan.
Rolle was a member of [[Asadata Dafora]]'s dance troupe, Shogolo Oloba<ref name="NYTimes obit" /> (later renamed the Federal Theater African Dance Troupe). She became the troupe's director in 1960.<ref name="AA Registry" /> Rolle's earliest roles were on the stage; her New York stage debut was in the 1962 play ''[[The Blacks (play)|The Blacks]]''. She was often cast in plays produced by [[Robert Hooks]] and the [[Negro Ensemble Company]]. She also appeared in productions of ''[[The Crucible]]'' and ''Blues for Mr. Charlie''.<ref name=nytbio/> Rolle's most prominent early role was as Miss Maybell in the [[Melvin Van Peebles]] 1972 Broadway musical ''[[Don't Play Us Cheap]]'', and its subsequent [[Don't Play Us Cheap (film)|1973 film adaptation]].<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.cnn.com/SHOWBIZ/TV/9811/18/rolle.obit |title='Good Times' matriarch Esther Rolle dies at 78|work=[[CNN]]|publisher=[[Turner Broadcasting System]]|location=[[Atlanta]]|agency=Associated Press|date=November 18, 1998|access-date=April 28, 2007|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060615045332/http://www.cnn.com/SHOWBIZ/TV/9811/18/rolle.obit/|archive-date=June 15, 2006}}</ref>{{ref|1|1}} In 1977, Rolle portrayed Lady Macbeth in [[Orson Welles]]' Haitian-influenced version of [[William Shakespeare]]'s ''[[Macbeth]]'' at the Henry Street New Federal Theater in Manhattan.


===Television===
===Television===
Rolle is best known for her television role as [[Florida Evans]], the character she played on two 1970s [[sitcom]]s. The character was introduced as Maude Findlay's housekeeper on ''[[Maude (TV series)|Maude]]'', and was [[Spin-off (media)|spun off]] in the show's second season into ''[[Good Times]]'', a show about Florida's family. Rolle was nominated in 1975 for the Best Actress in a Musical/Comedy [[Golden Globe Award]] for her role in ''Good Times''. Rolle was 19 years older than the actor ([[John Amos]]) who played her husband James Evans. The James Evans character was only added after Esther Rolle fought hard for a father figure and husband to be added to the show. Rolle had fought for the father character on the show, more relevant themes and scripts and was unhappy with the success of [[Jimmie Walker]]'s character, J.J. Evans, which she believed took the show in a frivolous direction. John Amos agreed with Rolle about Walker's character and was fired from the show after the third season ended. Later on, in a stand-off with ''Good Times'' producer [[Norman Lear]], Rolle also quit when her contract ended. Although the show continued without her for the fifth season, she returned for the show's final season. In 1979 she won an [[Emmy]] for her role in ''[[Summer of My German Soldier (TV film)|Summer of My German Soldier]]'', a made-for-television movie.{{sfn|Brooks|Marsh|2003|page=1431}}
Rolle is best known for her television role as Florida Evans, the character she played on two 1970s [[sitcom]]s. The character was introduced as Maude Findlay's housekeeper on ''[[Maude (TV series)|Maude]]'', and was [[Spin-off (media)|spun off]] in the show's second season into ''[[Good Times]]'', a show about Florida's family. Rolle was nominated in 1975 for the Best Actress in a Musical/Comedy [[Golden Globe Award]] for her role in ''Good Times''. Rolle was 19 years older than the actor ([[John Amos]]) who played her husband James (named Henry on ''Maude'') Evans. The James Evans character was only added after Rolle fought hard for a father figure and husband to be added to the show. Rolle had fought for the father character on the show, more relevant themes and scripts and was unhappy with the success of [[Jimmie Walker]]'s character, J.J. Evans, which she believed took the show in a frivolous direction. John Amos agreed with Rolle about Walker's character and was fired from the show after the third season ended. Later on, in a stand-off with ''Good Times'' producer [[Norman Lear]], Rolle also quit when her contract ended. Although the show continued without her for the fifth season, she returned for the show's final season. In 1979 she won an [[Emmy]] for her role in ''[[Summer of My German Soldier (TV film)|Summer of My German Soldier]]'', a made-for-television movie.{{sfn|Brooks|Marsh|2003|page=1431}}


Among her guest-starring roles was one on ''[[The Incredible Hulk (1978 TV series)|The Incredible Hulk]]'' in an episode entitled "Behind the Wheel", in which she played a taxicab business owner.<ref name=nytbio/> In the 1990s, Rolle was a surprise guest on [[RuPaul]]'s [[VH-1]] talk show. Her ''Maude'' co-star [[Bea Arthur]] was the guest, and Rolle was brought out to surprise Arthur. The two had not seen each other in years, Arthur said, and embraced warmly. Rolle also appeared in a series of [[psychic]] hotline TV commercials in the 1990s. "Tell them Esther sent you," was her trademark line. {{citation needed|date=March 2015}}
Among her guest-starring roles was one on ''[[The Incredible Hulk (1978 TV series)|The Incredible Hulk]]'' in an episode entitled "Behind the Wheel", in which she played a taxicab business owner.<ref name=nytbio/> In the 1990s, Rolle was a surprise guest on [[RuPaul]]'s [[VH-1]] talk show. Her ''Maude'' co-star [[Bea Arthur]] was the guest, and Rolle was brought out to surprise Arthur. The two had not seen each other in years, Arthur said, and embraced warmly. Rolle also appeared in a series of [[psychic]] hotline TV commercials in the 1990s. "Tell them Esther sent you," was her trademark line.<ref>{{Citation |title=90's Commercials - FOX February 1998 | date=May 2, 2022 |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hPdxOYDdrmM |language=en |access-date=2022-05-19}}</ref>


===Music and film===
===Music and film===
Rolle released an album of music titled ''The Garden of My Mind'' in 1975.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.wfmu.org/365/2003/024.shtml|title = WFMU - 365 Days Project (2003)}}</ref> Rolle's first screen appearance is a small, uncredited role in ''[[To Kill a Mockingbird (film)|To Kill a Mockingbird]]'' (1962), and she later appeared in [[Gordon Parks]]' ''[[The Learning Tree]]'' (1969).<ref name=TCM>{{tcmdb name|164459}}</ref> Her sister, actress [[Estelle Evans]], appeared in both films as well.<ref name=TCM /> Esther Rolle appeared early in her career in the film ''[[Nothing But a Man]]'' (1964). After ''Good Times'' ended, she appeared in a number of made-for-television movies and films, including ''[[Driving Miss Daisy]]'' and ''[[My Fellow Americans]]''. A memorable role was that of Aunt Sarah in the film ''[[Rosewood (film)|Rosewood]]'' (1997). She had a major role in ''[[I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings (film)|I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings]]'' based on [[Maya Angelou]]'s memoir of the same name, and has the distinction of having won the first [[Emmy Award]] for the category Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Miniseries or Movie, in 1979, for her work in the television movie ''[[Summer of My German Soldier (TV film)|Summer of My German Soldier]]''. She is also credited for her role in the film ''[[The Mighty Quinn (film)|The Mighty Quinn]]'' (1989), starring [[Denzel Washington]] and [[Sheryl Lee Ralph]], and featuring [[Robert Townsend (actor)|Robert Townsend]]. Her last film, ''[[Train Ride]]'', was released in 2000 despite being filmed in 1998.
Rolle released an album of music titled ''The Garden of My Mind'' in 1975.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.wfmu.org/365/2003/024.shtml|title = WFMU - 365 Days Project (2003)}}</ref> Rolle's first screen appearance is a small, uncredited role in ''[[To Kill a Mockingbird (film)|To Kill a Mockingbird]]'' (1962), and she later appeared in [[Gordon Parks]]' ''[[The Learning Tree]]'' (1969).<ref name=TCM>{{tcmdb name|164459}}</ref> Her sister, actress [[Estelle Evans]], appeared in both films as well.<ref name=TCM /> Esther Rolle appeared early in her career in the film ''[[Nothing But a Man]]'' (1964). After ''Good Times'' ended, she appeared in a number of made-for-television movies as well as films, including ''[[Driving Miss Daisy]]'' and ''[[My Fellow Americans]]''. A memorable role was that of Aunt Sarah in the film ''[[Rosewood (film)|Rosewood]]'' (1997). She had a major role in ''[[I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings (film)|I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings]]'' based on [[Maya Angelou]]'s memoir of the same name, and has the distinction of having won the first [[Emmy Award]] for the category Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Miniseries or Movie, in 1979, for her work in the television movie ''[[Summer of My German Soldier (TV film)|Summer of My German Soldier]]''. She is also credited for her role in the film ''[[The Mighty Quinn (film)|The Mighty Quinn]]'' (1989), starring [[Denzel Washington]] and [[Sheryl Lee Ralph]], and featuring [[Robert Townsend (actor)|Robert Townsend]]. Her last film, ''[[Train Ride]]'', was released in 2000 despite being filmed in 1998.


==Personal life and death==
==Personal life==
[[File:Esther_Rolle%27s_gravesite_at_Westview_Community_Cemetery_in_Pompano_Beach_FL.jpg|thumb|Rolle's gravesite and headstone]]
[[File:Esther_Rolle%27s_gravesite_at_Westview_Community_Cemetery_in_Pompano_Beach_FL.jpg|thumb|Rolle's gravesite and headstone]]
Rolle's only marriage was to Oscar Robinson. The two were married from 1955 to 1975. They had no children.
Rolle was married to Oscar Robinson from 1955 until their divorce in 1975. She had no children, but did have one ex-stepdaughter, Sherley Mae Robinson (born 1936), from Oscar's previous marriage.<ref name="NYTimes obit" />


==Death==
Rolle died on November 17, 1998, in [[Culver City, California]],<ref name="NYTimes obit"/> from complications of [[diabetes]], nine days after her 78th birthday. A devout member of the [[African Methodist Episcopal Church]], Rolle requested that her funeral be held at Bethel African Methodist Episcopal Church.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://articles.latimes.com/1998/nov/25/news/mn-47711|work=[[Los Angeles Times]]|title=Esther Rolle Memorial Set for Saturday|location=[[Los Angeles]]|date=November 25, 1998}}</ref> She is buried in [[Westview Community Cemetery]] in [[Pompano Beach, Florida]].
Rolle died on November 17, 1998, in [[Culver City, California]],<ref name="NYTimes obit"/> from complications of [[diabetes]], at the age of 78. A devout member of the [[African Methodist Episcopal Church]], Rolle requested that her funeral be held at Bethel African Methodist Episcopal Church in her hometown of [[Pompano Beach, Florida]].<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1998-nov-25-mn-47711-story.html|work=[[Los Angeles Times]]|title=Esther Rolle Memorial Set for Saturday|location=[[Los Angeles]]|date=November 25, 1998}}</ref>


The cemetery is a historically black burial ground created in 1952, a time when the laws and customs of Florida did not permit white people and black people to be buried in the same cemetery.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://wsvn.com/news/investigations/families-say-graves-are-being-covered-up-at-neglected-pompano-beach-cemetery/|publisher=wsvn.com|title=Families say graves are being covered up at neglected Pompano Beach cemetery|access-date= June 26, 2018}}</ref>
She is buried in [[Westview Community Cemetery]] in Pompano Beach. The cemetery is a historically black burial ground created in 1952, a time when the laws and customs of Florida did not permit white people and black people to be buried in the same cemetery.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://wsvn.com/news/investigations/families-say-graves-are-being-covered-up-at-neglected-pompano-beach-cemetery/|publisher=wsvn.com|title=Families say graves are being covered up at neglected Pompano Beach cemetery|date=May 30, 2018 |access-date= June 26, 2018}}</ref>


==Legacy==
==Legacy==
===Collection of Esther Rolle's personal works===
===Collection of Esther Rolle's personal works===
Rolle's family donated over 100 items of hers to the [[African-American Research Library and Cultural Center]] in [[Fort Lauderdale, Florida]]. The collection includes gowns, a black Raggedy Andy doll she endorsed, a recording of poems recited by Rolle, and awards such as the 1974 NAACP Eighth Image Award for Best Actress in a Series and her 1979 Emmy for her role in ''[[Summer of My German Soldier (film)|Summer of My German Soldier]]''.<ref name="sun">{{cite web|url=https://www.sun-sentinel.com/news/fl-xpm-2006-08-01-0607310500-story.html|title=AFRICAN-AMERICAN RESEARCH LIBRARY GETS MEMENTOS OF GOOD TIMES' ESTHER ROLLE|publisher=[[Sun-Sentinel]]|access-date=2020-02-21}}</ref>
Rolle's family donated over 100 items of hers to the [[African-American Research Library and Cultural Center]] in [[Fort Lauderdale, Florida]]. The collection includes gowns, a black Raggedy Andy doll she endorsed, a recording of poems recited by Rolle, and awards such as the 1974 NAACP Eighth Image Award for Best Actress in a Series and her 1979 Emmy for her role in ''[[Summer of My German Soldier (film)|Summer of My German Soldier]]''.<ref name="sun">{{cite web|url=https://www.sun-sentinel.com/news/fl-xpm-2006-08-01-0607310500-story.html|title=AFRICAN-AMERICAN RESEARCH LIBRARY GETS MEMENTOS OF GOOD TIMES' ESTHER ROLLE|date=August 2006 |publisher=[[Sun-Sentinel]]|access-date=2020-02-21}}</ref>


==Filmography/television==
==Filmography/television==
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| Uncredited
| Uncredited
|-
|-
| 1970–1971
| 1970-1971
| ''[[One Life to Live]]''
| ''[[One Life to Live]]''
| [[Sadie Gray]]
| [[Sadie Gray]]
Line 97: Line 98:
|-
|-
| 1973
| 1973
| ''[[Don't Play Us Cheap]]''
| ''[[Don't Play Us Cheap (film)|Don't Play Us Cheap]]''
| Miss Maybell
| Miss Maybell
|
|
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| ''[[Good Times]]''
| ''[[Good Times]]''
| Florida Evans
| Florida Evans
| 109 episodes<br />Nominated-[[Golden Globe Award for Best Actress - Television Series Musical or Comedy]]
| 109 episodes<br />Nominated–[[Golden Globe Award for Best Actress - Television Series Musical or Comedy]]
|-
|-
| 1978
| 1978
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| Rita
| Rita
|
|
|-
| 1996
| ''[[General Hospital]]''
| Mourner
| Unknown episodes
|-
|-
| 1997
| 1997
| ''[[Rosewood (film)|Rosewood]]''
| ''[[Rosewood (film)|Rosewood]]''
| Aunt Sarah
| Aunt Sarah
| Nominated-[[NAACP Image Award for Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Motion Picture|Image Award for Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Motion Picture]]
| Nominated–[[NAACP Image Award for Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Motion Picture|Image Award for Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Motion Picture]]
|-
|-
| 1997
| 1997
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| ''[[Train Ride]]''
| ''[[Train Ride]]''
| Dean of Students
| Dean of Students
| (final film role)
| Final film role
|}
|}


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* ''[[Nevis Mountain Dew]]'' (1980)
* ''[[Nevis Mountain Dew]]'' (1980)
* ''[[Dame Lorraine (play)|Dame Lorraine]]'' (1981)
* ''[[Dame Lorraine (play)|Dame Lorraine]]'' (1981)
* A Tragedy of Romeo and Juliet (1982)
* ''A Tragedy of Romeo and Juliet'' (1982)
* ''[[A Raisin in the Sun]]'' (1989)
* ''[[A Raisin in the Sun]]'' (1989)
* ''[[Member of the Wedding]]'' (1989)
* ''[[Member of the Wedding]]'' (1989)
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* {{iobdb name|5794}}
* {{iobdb name|5794}}
* {{TCMDb name}}
* {{TCMDb name}}
⚫
* [https://digitalarchives.broward.org/digital/collection/p16146coll16 Esther Rolle Collection], [[African-American Research Library and Cultural Center]], [[Broward County Library]]
* {{Find a Grave|9899}}
⚫
* [https://digitalarchives.broward.org/digital/collection/p16146coll16 Esther Rolle Collection, African American Research Library and Cultural Center, Broward County Library]


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[[Category:The New School alumni]]
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[[Category:Yale University alumni]]
[[Category:Yale University alumni]]
[[Category:American Methodists]]
[[Category:Methodists from Florida]]
[[Category:American people of Bahamian descent]]
[[Category:American people of Bahamian descent]]
[[Category:People from Pompano Beach, Florida]]
[[Category:People from Pompano Beach, Florida]]
[[Category:Dancers from Florida]]
[[Category:Dancers from Florida]]
[[Category:Deaths from diabetes]]
[[Category:Deaths from diabetes in California]]
[[Category:Burials in Florida]]
[[Category:American women activists]]
[[Category:American activists]]
[[Category:American activists]]
[[Category:20th-century American people]]
[[Category:20th-century American actresses]]
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[[Category:20th-century African-American women]]
[[Category:20th-century African-American actresses]]

Latest revision as of 23:35, 9 November 2024

Esther Rolle
Rolle in 1978
Born
Esther Elizabeth Rolle

(1920-11-08)November 8, 1920
Pompano Beach, Florida, U.S.
DiedNovember 17, 1998(1998-11-17) (aged 78)
Culver City, California, U.S.
Resting placeWestview Community Cemetery, Pompano Beach, Florida
NationalityAmerican, Bahamian
OccupationActress
Years active1964–1998
Known forFlorida Evans on Maude and Good Times
Spouse
Oscar Robinson
​
​
(m. 1955; div. 1975)​
RelativesEstelle Evans (sister)
Rosanna Carter (sister)
Awards1979 Primetime Emmy Award: Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Limited Series or a Special
Summer of My German Soldier
On Good Times (1974), L-R: Ralph Carter, Bern Nadette Stanis, Jimmie Walker, Esther Rolle, and John Amos

Esther Elizabeth Rolle (November 8, 1920 – November 17, 1998) was an American actress. She is best known for her role as Florida Evans, on the CBS television sitcom Maude, for two seasons (1972–1974), and its spin-off series Good Times, for which she was nominated for a Golden Globe Award for Best Actress - Television Series Musical or Comedy in 1976. In 1979, Rolle won the Emmy Award for Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Limited Series or Special for the television film Summer of My German Soldier.[1]

Early life

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Esther Rolle was born in Pompano Beach, Florida to Bahamian immigrants Jonathan Rolle (1883–1953), a farmer, and Elizabeth Iris Rolle (née Dames; 1887–1947). Her parents were both born and raised in Nassau, New Providence, The Bahamas and moved to Florida some time after their marriage. She was the tenth of 18 children (children who included siblings and fellow actresses Estelle Evans and Rosanna Carter).[2] Rolle graduated from Blanche Ely High School in Pompano Beach.[3] She initially studied at Spelman College in Atlanta, before moving to New York City.[3] While in New York, she attended Hunter College before transferring to The New School and then Yale University in New Haven, Connecticut.[4] For many years, Rolle worked in a traditional day job in New York City's garment district.[5]

Career

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Dance and theater

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Rolle was a member of Asadata Dafora's dance troupe, Shogolo Oloba[2] (later renamed the Federal Theater African Dance Troupe). She became the troupe's director in 1960.[3] Rolle's earliest roles were on the stage; her New York stage debut was in the 1962 play The Blacks. She was often cast in plays produced by Robert Hooks and the Negro Ensemble Company. She also appeared in productions of The Crucible and Blues for Mr. Charlie.[5] Rolle's most prominent early role was as Miss Maybell in the Melvin Van Peebles 1972 Broadway musical Don't Play Us Cheap, and its subsequent 1973 film adaptation.[6]1 In 1977, Rolle portrayed Lady Macbeth in Orson Welles' Haitian-influenced version of William Shakespeare's Macbeth at the Henry Street New Federal Theater in Manhattan.

Television

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Rolle is best known for her television role as Florida Evans, the character she played on two 1970s sitcoms. The character was introduced as Maude Findlay's housekeeper on Maude, and was spun off in the show's second season into Good Times, a show about Florida's family. Rolle was nominated in 1975 for the Best Actress in a Musical/Comedy Golden Globe Award for her role in Good Times. Rolle was 19 years older than the actor (John Amos) who played her husband James (named Henry on Maude) Evans. The James Evans character was only added after Rolle fought hard for a father figure and husband to be added to the show. Rolle had fought for the father character on the show, more relevant themes and scripts and was unhappy with the success of Jimmie Walker's character, J.J. Evans, which she believed took the show in a frivolous direction. John Amos agreed with Rolle about Walker's character and was fired from the show after the third season ended. Later on, in a stand-off with Good Times producer Norman Lear, Rolle also quit when her contract ended. Although the show continued without her for the fifth season, she returned for the show's final season. In 1979 she won an Emmy for her role in Summer of My German Soldier, a made-for-television movie.[7]

Among her guest-starring roles was one on The Incredible Hulk in an episode entitled "Behind the Wheel", in which she played a taxicab business owner.[5] In the 1990s, Rolle was a surprise guest on RuPaul's VH-1 talk show. Her Maude co-star Bea Arthur was the guest, and Rolle was brought out to surprise Arthur. The two had not seen each other in years, Arthur said, and embraced warmly. Rolle also appeared in a series of psychic hotline TV commercials in the 1990s. "Tell them Esther sent you," was her trademark line.[8]

Music and film

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Rolle released an album of music titled The Garden of My Mind in 1975.[9] Rolle's first screen appearance is a small, uncredited role in To Kill a Mockingbird (1962), and she later appeared in Gordon Parks' The Learning Tree (1969).[10] Her sister, actress Estelle Evans, appeared in both films as well.[10] Esther Rolle appeared early in her career in the film Nothing But a Man (1964). After Good Times ended, she appeared in a number of made-for-television movies as well as films, including Driving Miss Daisy and My Fellow Americans. A memorable role was that of Aunt Sarah in the film Rosewood (1997). She had a major role in I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings based on Maya Angelou's memoir of the same name, and has the distinction of having won the first Emmy Award for the category Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Miniseries or Movie, in 1979, for her work in the television movie Summer of My German Soldier. She is also credited for her role in the film The Mighty Quinn (1989), starring Denzel Washington and Sheryl Lee Ralph, and featuring Robert Townsend. Her last film, Train Ride, was released in 2000 despite being filmed in 1998.

Personal life

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Rolle's gravesite and headstone

Rolle was married to Oscar Robinson from 1955 until their divorce in 1975. She had no children, but did have one ex-stepdaughter, Sherley Mae Robinson (born 1936), from Oscar's previous marriage.[2]

Death

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Rolle died on November 17, 1998, in Culver City, California,[2] from complications of diabetes, at the age of 78. A devout member of the African Methodist Episcopal Church, Rolle requested that her funeral be held at Bethel African Methodist Episcopal Church in her hometown of Pompano Beach, Florida.[11]

She is buried in Westview Community Cemetery in Pompano Beach. The cemetery is a historically black burial ground created in 1952, a time when the laws and customs of Florida did not permit white people and black people to be buried in the same cemetery.[12]

Legacy

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Collection of Esther Rolle's personal works

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Rolle's family donated over 100 items of hers to the African-American Research Library and Cultural Center in Fort Lauderdale, Florida. The collection includes gowns, a black Raggedy Andy doll she endorsed, a recording of poems recited by Rolle, and awards such as the 1974 NAACP Eighth Image Award for Best Actress in a Series and her 1979 Emmy for her role in Summer of My German Soldier.[13]

Filmography/television

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Year Title Role Note
1964 Nothing But a Man Church woman
1967 Up the Down Staircase Teacher Uncredited
1970–1971 One Life to Live Sadie Gray Unknown episodes
1971 Who Says I Can't Ride a Rainbow!
1971 The Bold Ones: The Senator Black Woman Episode: "A Single Blow of a Sword"
1972–1974 Maude Florida Evans 32 episodes
1973 Cleopatra Jones Mrs. Johnson
1973 Don't Play Us Cheap Miss Maybell
1974–1979 Good Times Florida Evans 109 episodes
Nominated–Golden Globe Award for Best Actress - Television Series Musical or Comedy
1978 Summer of My German Soldier Ruth TV movie
Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Miniseries or a Movie
1979 I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings Momma TV movie
1979 The Incredible Hulk Colleen Jensen Episode: "Behind the Wheel"
1981 Darkroom Grandmother / Old Woman Episode: "Needlepoint"
1981 See China and Die Momma Sykes TV movie
1982 Flamingo Road Julia 3 episodes
1983 The Love Boat Judge Kramer Episode: "I Like To Be In America"
1983 Fantasy Island Mama Episode: "Edward/The Extraordinary Miss Jones"
1984 Finder of Lost Loves Nellie Episode: "Goodbye, Sara"
1985 Murder, She Wrote Margaret Episode: "Reflections of the Mind"
1986 Ethnic Notions Narrator Documentary about the history of racial stereotypes
1987 P.K. and the Kid Mim
1989 American Playhouse Lena Younger Episode: "A Raisin in the Sun"
1989 The Mighty Quinn Ubu Pearl
1989 Driving Miss Daisy Idella
1990 The Kid Who Loved Christmas Mrs. Clayton, Adoption Agency Director TV movie
1990 Singer & Sons Sarah Patterson 4 episodes
1993 House of Cards Adelle
1993 To Dance with the White Dog Neelie TV movie
1994 Scarlett Mammy 1 episode
1995 How to Make an American Quilt Aunt Pauline
1996 My Fellow Americans Rita
1996 General Hospital Mourner Unknown episodes
1997 Rosewood Aunt Sarah Nominated–Image Award for Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Motion Picture
1997 Touched by an Angel Mary Harding Episode: "Amazing Grace: Part 1"
1998 Poltergeist: The Legacy Grandma Rose Episode: "La Belle Dame Sans Merci"
1998 Down in the Delta Annie Sinclair
2000 Train Ride Dean of Students Final film role

Stage work

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References

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Notes

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  1. ^ Reprinted as Esther Rolle's Obituary From CNN at sitcomsonline.com

Citations

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  1. ^ "Esther Rolle".
  2. ^ a b c d Sterngold, James (November 19, 1998). "Esther Rolle, 78, Who Played Feisty Maid and Matriarch". The New York Times. New York City.
  3. ^ a b c Esther Rolle Archived 2013-11-02 at the Wayback Machine at the African American Registry
  4. ^ "Esther Rolle biography". DLife. Westport, Connecticut: LifeMed Media, Inc. June 14, 2012. Archived from the original on April 16, 2015. Retrieved April 16, 2015.
  5. ^ a b c Erickson, Hal. "Esther Rolle biography". The New York Times. Archived from the original on October 5, 2003. Retrieved April 28, 2007.
  6. ^ "'Good Times' matriarch Esther Rolle dies at 78". CNN. Atlanta: Turner Broadcasting System. Associated Press. November 18, 1998. Archived from the original on June 15, 2006. Retrieved April 28, 2007.
  7. ^ Brooks & Marsh 2003, p. 1431.
  8. ^ 90's Commercials - FOX February 1998, May 2, 2022, retrieved May 19, 2022
  9. ^ "WFMU - 365 Days Project (2003)".
  10. ^ a b Esther Rolle at the TCM Movie Database
  11. ^ "Esther Rolle Memorial Set for Saturday". Los Angeles Times. Los Angeles. November 25, 1998.
  12. ^ "Families say graves are being covered up at neglected Pompano Beach cemetery". wsvn.com. May 30, 2018. Retrieved June 26, 2018.
  13. ^ "AFRICAN-AMERICAN RESEARCH LIBRARY GETS MEMENTOS OF GOOD TIMES' ESTHER ROLLE". Sun-Sentinel. August 2006. Retrieved February 21, 2020.

Sources

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