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{{short description|Austrian physicist}}
{{short description|Austrian physicist}}
'''Barbara Kraus''' is an Austrian physicist specializing in [[quantum information]], [[quantum entanglement]], and [[quantum key distribution]].
'''Barbara Kraus''' (born 26 December 1975)<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.ph.nat.tum.de/fileadmin/w00bya/thphqaa/Documents_CVs/kraus_barbara_cv.pdf |title=Curriculum Vitae |work=tum.de |date=2022-02-23 |format=pdf}}</ref> is an Austrian physicist specializing in [[quantum information]], [[quantum entanglement]], and [[quantum key distribution]]. She is a University Professor at the TUM School of Natural Sciences at the [[Technical University of Munich]].
She is a University Professor of Physics at the [[University of Innsbruck]].{{r|faclist}}


==Education and Career==
==Education and career==
Kraus is originally from Innsbruck.{{r|lieben}} She studied mathematics and physics at the University of Innsbruck, earning diplomas in mathematics and physics and a PhD in physics, completed in 2003. After postdoctoral research at the [[Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics]], the [[University of Geneva]], and University of Innsbruck, she became an assistant professor in Innsbruck in 2010, and earned her [[habilitation]] there in 2012.{{r|cv}} She became full professor in 2019.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.uibk.ac.at/th-physik/staff/positions.html.en |title=Institute for Theoretical Physics: Staff |website=uibk.ac.at |accessdate=2020-02-16}}</ref>
Kraus is originally from Innsbruck.{{r|lieben}} She studied mathematics and physics at the University of Innsbruck, earning diplomas in mathematics and physics. She completed her PhD in physics under the supervision of [[Ignacio Cirac]] in 2003. After postdoctoral research at the [[Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics]], the [[University of Geneva]], and the University of Innsbruck, she became an assistant professor in Innsbruck in 2010, and earned her [[habilitation]] there in 2012.{{r|cv}} She became full professor in 2020.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.uibk.ac.at/th-physik/staff/positions.html.en |title=Institute for Theoretical Physics: Staff |website=uibk.ac.at |accessdate=2020-02-16}}</ref> In 2023 she was appointed professor of Quantum Algorithms and Applications at the Technical University of Munich.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.professoren.tum.de/en/kraus-barbara |title=TUM Professors: Kraus Barbara |work=tum.de |access-date=2023-07-25}}</ref>


==Research==
==Research==
Kraus is best known for her work in quantum information and especially in entanglement theory. Together with her coworkers she developed criteria to decide whether a quantum state is [[Separable state|separable]] or entangled and showed how to construct optimal [[entanglement witness]]es<ref>{{cite journal |title=Optimization of entanglement witnesses |first1=M. |last1=Lewenstein |first2=B. |last2=Kraus |first3=J. I. |last3=Cirac |first4=P. |last4=Horodecki |journal=Phys. Rev. A |volume=62 |pages=052310 |date=2000 |doi=10.1103/PhysRevA.62.052310 |arxiv=quant-ph/0005014}}</ref> and studied the creation of entanglement by unitary [[quantum gate]]s <ref>{{cite journal |title=Optimal creation of entanglement using a two-qubit gate |first1=B. |last1=Kraus |first2=J. I. |last2=Cirac |journal=Phys. Rev. A |volume=63 |pages=062309 |date=2001 |doi=10.1103/PhysRevA.63.062309 |arxiv=quant-ph/0011050}}</ref> and [[dissipation|dissipative]] processes.<ref>{{cite journal |title=Preparation of entangled states by quantum Markov processes |first1=B. |last1=Kraus |first2=H. P. |last2=Büchler |first3=S. |last3=Diehl |first4=A. |last4=Kantian |first5=A. |last5=Micheli |first6=P. |last6=Zoller |journal=Phys. Rev. A |volume=78 |pages=042307 |date=2007 |doi=10.1103/PhysRevA.78.042307 |arxiv=0803.1463}}</ref> In 2010 she showed how to decide whether two [[pure state|pure quantum states]] of a many-particle system are equivalent to each other in terms of entanglement.<ref>{{cite journal |title=Local Unitary Equivalence of Multipartite Pure States |author=B. Kraus |journal=Phys. Rev. Lett. |volume=104 |pages=020504 |date=2010 |doi=10.1103/PhysRevLett.104.020504 |arxiv=0909.5152}}</ref> More recently she introduced the notion of "maximally entangled sets" as a new concept generalizing [[maximally entangled state|maximally entangled ''states'']] to the case of considering entanglement between more than two systems ([[multipartite entanglement]]).<ref>{{cite journal |title=Maximally Entangled Set of Multipartite Quantum States |first1=J. I. |last1=de Vicente |first2=C. |last2=Spee |first3=B. |last3=Kraus |journal=Phys. Rev. Lett. |volume=111 |pages=110502 |date=2013 |doi=10.1103/PhysRevLett.111.110502 |arxiv=1305.7398}}</ref> In the field of [[quantum cryptography]], she studied the security of key-distribution protocols and the achievable secret-key rates. Among other results, she and her collaborators [[Renato Renner]] and [[Nicolas Gisin]] gave an influential information-theoretic security proof for the security of a quantum key distribution protocol <ref>{{cite journal|last1=Renner|first1=Renato|author-link=Renato Renner|last2=Gisin|first2=Nicolas|last3=Kraus|first3=Barbara|date=2005|title=Information-theoretic security proof for quantum-key-distribution protocols|journal=Phys. Rev. A|volume=72|pages=012332|arxiv=quant-ph/0502064|doi=10.1103/PhysRevA.72.012332}}</ref>
Kraus is best known for her work in quantum information and especially in [[entanglement theory]]. Together with her coworkers she developed criteria to decide whether a quantum state is [[Separable state|separable]] or entangled and showed how to construct optimal [[entanglement witness]]es<ref>{{cite journal |title=Optimization of entanglement witnesses |first1=M. |last1=Lewenstein |first2=B. |last2=Kraus |first3=J. I. |last3=Cirac |first4=P. |last4=Horodecki |journal=Phys. Rev. A |volume=62 |pages=052310 |date=2000 |issue=5 |doi=10.1103/PhysRevA.62.052310 |arxiv=quant-ph/0005014|s2cid=119458600 }}</ref> and studied the creation of entanglement by unitary [[quantum gate]]s <ref>{{cite journal |title=Optimal creation of entanglement using a two-qubit gate |first1=B. |last1=Kraus |first2=J. I. |last2=Cirac |journal=Phys. Rev. A |volume=63 |pages=062309 |date=2001 |issue=6 |doi=10.1103/PhysRevA.63.062309 |arxiv=quant-ph/0011050|s2cid=35720838 }}</ref> and [[dissipation|dissipative]] processes.<ref>{{cite journal |title=Preparation of entangled states by quantum Markov processes |first1=B. |last1=Kraus |first2=H. P. |last2=Büchler |first3=S. |last3=Diehl |first4=A. |last4=Kantian |first5=A. |last5=Micheli |first6=P. |last6=Zoller |journal=Phys. Rev. A |volume=78 |pages=042307 |date=2007 |issue=4 |doi=10.1103/PhysRevA.78.042307 |arxiv=0803.1463|s2cid=118376008 }}</ref> In 2010 she showed how to decide whether two [[pure state|pure quantum states]] of a many-particle system are equivalent to each other in terms of entanglement.<ref>{{cite journal |title=Local Unitary Equivalence of Multipartite Pure States |author=B. Kraus |journal=Phys. Rev. Lett. |volume=104 |pages=020504 |date=2010 |issue=2 |doi=10.1103/PhysRevLett.104.020504 |pmid=20366579 |arxiv=0909.5152|s2cid=29984499 }}</ref> More recently she introduced the notion of "maximally entangled sets" as a new concept generalizing [[maximally entangled state|maximally entangled ''states'']] to the case of considering entanglement between more than two systems ([[multipartite entanglement]]).<ref>{{cite journal |title=Maximally Entangled Set of Multipartite Quantum States |first1=J. I. |last1=de Vicente |first2=C. |last2=Spee |first3=B. |last3=Kraus |journal=Phys. Rev. Lett. |volume=111 |pages=110502 |date=2013 |issue=11 |doi=10.1103/PhysRevLett.111.110502 |pmid=24074062 |arxiv=1305.7398|s2cid=24612228 }}</ref> In the field of [[quantum cryptography]], she studied the security of key-distribution protocols and the achievable secret-key rates. Among other results, she and her collaborators [[Renato Renner]] and [[Nicolas Gisin]] gave an influential information-theoretic security proof for the security of a quantum key distribution protocol <ref>{{cite journal|last1=Renner|first1=Renato|author-link=Renato Renner|last2=Gisin|first2=Nicolas|last3=Kraus|first3=Barbara|date=2005|title=Information-theoretic security proof for quantum-key-distribution protocols|journal=Phys. Rev. A|volume=72|pages=012332|arxiv=quant-ph/0502064|doi=10.1103/PhysRevA.72.012332|s2cid=119052621 }}</ref>


==Recognition==
==Recognition==
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<ref name=cv>{{citation|url=https://www.uibk.ac.at/th-physik/staff/kraus/kraus_barbara.pdf|title=Curriculum vitae|accessdate=2020-01-05|year=2018}}</ref>
<ref name=cv>{{citation|url=https://www.uibk.ac.at/th-physik/staff/kraus/kraus_barbara.pdf|title=Curriculum vitae|accessdate=2020-01-05|year=2018}}</ref>

<ref name=faclist>{{citation|url=https://www.uibk.ac.at/dk-alm/faculty/index.html.en|title=Faculty|work=Doctoral Programme Atoms, Light, and Molecules|publisher=[[University of Innsbruck]]|accessdate=2020-01-05}}</ref>


<ref name=lieben>{{citation|url=https://iqoqi.at/en/current/news/34-year-2013/339-barbara-kraus-receives-ignaz-l-lieben-prize|title=Barbara Kraus receives Ignaz L. Lieben Prize|date=2 December 2013|publisher=Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences|accessdate=2020-01-05}}</ref>
<ref name=lieben>{{citation|url=https://iqoqi.at/en/current/news/34-year-2013/339-barbara-kraus-receives-ignaz-l-lieben-prize|title=Barbara Kraus receives Ignaz L. Lieben Prize|date=2 December 2013|publisher=Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences|accessdate=2020-01-05}}</ref>
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==External links==
==External links==
*{{Google Scholar id}}
* {{Google scholar id}}
* {{cite web |url=https://www.professoren.tum.de/en/kraus-barbara |title=TUM Professors: Kraus Barbara}} at the Technical University Munich
*[https://www.uibk.ac.at/th-physik/qig_bk/ Entanglement Theory & Quantum Information Theory] at the University of Innsbruck
* [https://www.uibk.ac.at/th-physik/qig_bk/ Entanglement Theory & Quantum Information Theory] at the University of Innsbruck


{{Authority control}}
{{Authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Kraus, Barbara}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Kraus, Barbara}}
[[Category:Year of birth missing (living people)]]
[[Category:Quantum information scientists]]
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[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Austrian physicists]]
[[Category:Austrian physicists]]
[[Category:Women physicists]]
[[Category:21st-century women physicists]]
[[Category:Academic staff of the Technical University of Munich]]
[[Category:Academic staff of the University of Innsbruck]]
[[Category:University of Innsbruck alumni]]
[[Category:University of Innsbruck alumni]]
[[Category:University of Innsbruck faculty]]
[[Category:1975 births]]
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[[Category:Living people]]

Latest revision as of 03:37, 14 August 2024

Barbara Kraus (born 26 December 1975)[1] is an Austrian physicist specializing in quantum information, quantum entanglement, and quantum key distribution. She is a University Professor at the TUM School of Natural Sciences at the Technical University of Munich.

Education and career

[edit]

Kraus is originally from Innsbruck.[2] She studied mathematics and physics at the University of Innsbruck, earning diplomas in mathematics and physics. She completed her PhD in physics under the supervision of Ignacio Cirac in 2003. After postdoctoral research at the Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, the University of Geneva, and the University of Innsbruck, she became an assistant professor in Innsbruck in 2010, and earned her habilitation there in 2012.[3] She became full professor in 2020.[4] In 2023 she was appointed professor of Quantum Algorithms and Applications at the Technical University of Munich.[5]

Research

[edit]

Kraus is best known for her work in quantum information and especially in entanglement theory. Together with her coworkers she developed criteria to decide whether a quantum state is separable or entangled and showed how to construct optimal entanglement witnesses[6] and studied the creation of entanglement by unitary quantum gates [7] and dissipative processes.[8] In 2010 she showed how to decide whether two pure quantum states of a many-particle system are equivalent to each other in terms of entanglement.[9] More recently she introduced the notion of "maximally entangled sets" as a new concept generalizing maximally entangled states to the case of considering entanglement between more than two systems (multipartite entanglement).[10] In the field of quantum cryptography, she studied the security of key-distribution protocols and the achievable secret-key rates. Among other results, she and her collaborators Renato Renner and Nicolas Gisin gave an influential information-theoretic security proof for the security of a quantum key distribution protocol [11]

Recognition

[edit]

Kraus won a Start-Preis from the Austrian Science Fund in 2010.[3] She was the 2011 winner of the Ludwig Boltzmann Prize of the Austrian Physical Society,[12][13] and the 2013 winner of the Lieben Prize of the Austrian Academy of Sciences for her work on many-body entanglement.[2] She became a member of the Young Academy of the Austrian Academy of Sciences in 2014.[14]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "Curriculum Vitae" (pdf). tum.de. 2022-02-23.
  2. ^ a b Barbara Kraus receives Ignaz L. Lieben Prize, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, 2 December 2013, retrieved 2020-01-05
  3. ^ a b Curriculum vitae (PDF), 2018, retrieved 2020-01-05
  4. ^ "Institute for Theoretical Physics: Staff". uibk.ac.at. Retrieved 2020-02-16.
  5. ^ "TUM Professors: Kraus Barbara". tum.de. Retrieved 2023-07-25.
  6. ^ Lewenstein, M.; Kraus, B.; Cirac, J. I.; Horodecki, P. (2000). "Optimization of entanglement witnesses". Phys. Rev. A. 62 (5): 052310. arXiv:quant-ph/0005014. doi:10.1103/PhysRevA.62.052310. S2CID 119458600.
  7. ^ Kraus, B.; Cirac, J. I. (2001). "Optimal creation of entanglement using a two-qubit gate". Phys. Rev. A. 63 (6): 062309. arXiv:quant-ph/0011050. doi:10.1103/PhysRevA.63.062309. S2CID 35720838.
  8. ^ Kraus, B.; Büchler, H. P.; Diehl, S.; Kantian, A.; Micheli, A.; Zoller, P. (2007). "Preparation of entangled states by quantum Markov processes". Phys. Rev. A. 78 (4): 042307. arXiv:0803.1463. doi:10.1103/PhysRevA.78.042307. S2CID 118376008.
  9. ^ B. Kraus (2010). "Local Unitary Equivalence of Multipartite Pure States". Phys. Rev. Lett. 104 (2): 020504. arXiv:0909.5152. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.104.020504. PMID 20366579. S2CID 29984499.
  10. ^ de Vicente, J. I.; Spee, C.; Kraus, B. (2013). "Maximally Entangled Set of Multipartite Quantum States". Phys. Rev. Lett. 111 (11): 110502. arXiv:1305.7398. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.111.110502. PMID 24074062. S2CID 24612228.
  11. ^ Renner, Renato; Gisin, Nicolas; Kraus, Barbara (2005). "Information-theoretic security proof for quantum-key-distribution protocols". Phys. Rev. A. 72: 012332. arXiv:quant-ph/0502064. doi:10.1103/PhysRevA.72.012332. S2CID 119052621.
  12. ^ "Auszeichnung für Innsbrucker Quantenphysikerin", Der Standard (in German), 15 June 2011
  13. ^ Preis für Innsbrucker Quantentheoretikerin (in German), ORF, June 15, 2011
  14. ^ Barbara Kraus, Austrian Academy of Sciences, retrieved 2020-01-05
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