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{{Short description|Genus of beetles}}
{{Taxobox

| name = ''Eustylus''
{{Automatic Taxobox
| image = Eustylus.jpg
| image_caption = Dorsal view of ''Eustylus''
| image = Eustylus.jpg
| image_caption = Dorsal view of ''Eustylus''
| regnum = [[Animalia]]
| taxon = Eustylus
| phylum = [[Arthropoda]]
| classis = [[Insecta]]
| authority = [[Schönherr]], 1843
| display_parents = 2
| ordo = [[Coleoptera]]
| familia = [[Curculionidae]]
| genus = '''''Eustylus'''''
| genus_authority = [[Schönherr]], 1843
| subfamilia = [[Entiminae]]
| tribus = [[Eustylini]]
}}
}}


'''''Eustylus''''' is a [[Neotropical realm|neotropical]] genus of broad-nosed weevils in the subfamily [[Entiminae]], tribe [[Eustylini]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|last=Alonso-Zarazaga|first=M. A.|url=https://weevil.myspecies.info/sites/weevil.info/files/Alonso-Zarazaga%20%26%20Lyal,%201999_World%20Catalogue%20%28searchable%29.pdf|title=A world catalogue of families and genera of Curculionoidea (Insecta: Coleoptera) excluding Scolytidae and Platypodidae|last2=Lyal|first2=C. H. C.|publisher=Entomopraxis|year=1999|location=Barcelona, Spain|pages=315 pp.}}</ref>
'''''Eustylus''''' is a [[Neotropical realm|neotropical]] genus of broad-nosed weevils in the subfamily [[Entiminae]], tribe [[Eustylini]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|last1=Alonso-Zarazaga|first1=M. A.|url=https://weevil.myspecies.info/sites/weevil.info/files/Alonso-Zarazaga%20%26%20Lyal,%201999_World%20Catalogue%20%28searchable%29.pdf|title=A world catalogue of families and genera of Curculionoidea (Insecta: Coleoptera) excluding Scolytidae and Platypodidae|last2=Lyal|first2=C. H. C.|publisher=Entomopraxis|year=1999|location=Barcelona, Spain|pages=315 pp}}</ref>


== Taxonomy ==
== Taxonomy ==
'''''Eustylus''''' was described for the first time by [[Carl Johan Schönherr]] in 1843 (p. 40) <ref name=":2">{{Cite book|last=Schönherr|first=C. J.|url=https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/4113299|title=Genera et species Curculionidum, cum synonymia hujus familiae. Species novae aut hactenus minus cognitae, descriptionibus a Dom. Leonardo Gyllenhal, C. H. Boheman, et entomologis aliis illustratae|publisher=Roret|year=1843|location=Paris|pages=461}}</ref>. The Central American species were treated by Champion.<ref name=":3">{{Cite book|last=Sharp|first=D.|url=https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/581470|title=Sharp D, Champion GC () Biologia Centrali-Americana. Insecta. Coleoptera. Rhynchophora. Volume 4, part 3.|last2=Champion|first2=G. C.|publisher=R. H. Porter|year=1911|location=London|pages=354 pp. + 15 pl.}}</ref>
'''''Eustylus''''' was described for the first time by [[Carl Johan Schönherr]] in 1843 (p.&nbsp;40).<ref name=":2">{{Cite book|last=Schönherr|first=C. J.|url=https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/4113299|title=Genera et species Curculionidum, cum synonymia hujus familiae. Species novae aut hactenus minus cognitae, descriptionibus a Dom. Leonardo Gyllenhal, C. H. Boheman, et entomologis aliis illustratae|publisher=Roret|year=1843|location=Paris|pages=461}}</ref> The Central American species were treated by Champion.<ref name=":3">{{Cite book|last1=Sharp|first1=D.|url=https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/581470|title=Sharp D, Champion GC () Biologia Centrali-Americana. Insecta. Coleoptera. Rhynchophora. Volume 4, part 3.|last2=Champion|first2=G. C.|publisher=R. H. Porter|year=1911|location=London|pages=354 pp. + 15 pl}}</ref> Marshall 1916 offers a key to most species.<ref name=":4" />


== Description ==
== Description ==
One of the most salient features of '''''Eustylus''''' is its broad antennal scape, densely and uniformly covered by scales (see Fig. 7F in Girón 2020 <ref>{{Cite journal|last=Girón|first=Jennifer C.|date=2020-12-30|title=Status of knowledge of the broad-nosed weevils of Colombia (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Entiminae)|url=https://neotropical.pensoft.net/article/59713/|journal=Neotropical Biology and Conservation|language=en|volume=15(4)|pages=583–674|doi=10.3897/neotropical.15.e59713|issn=2236-3777}}</ref>). Some species bear a spine on the inner margin of the profemur, which is unusual for eustylines. Most species are uniformly covered by brown scales forming different patterns; metallic green species are also found.
One of the most salient features of '''''Eustylus''''' is its broad antennal scape, densely and uniformly covered by scales (see Fig. 7F in Girón 2020 <ref>{{Cite journal|last=Girón|first=Jennifer C.|date=2020-12-30|title=Status of knowledge of the broad-nosed weevils of Colombia (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Entiminae)|url=https://neotropical.pensoft.net/article/59713/|journal=Neotropical Biology and Conservation|language=en|volume=15|issue=4|pages=583–674|doi=10.3897/neotropical.15.e59713|s2cid=231708108|issn=2236-3777|doi-access=free}}</ref>). Some species bear a spine on the inner margin of the profemur, which is unusual for eustylines. Most species are uniformly covered by brown scales forming different patterns; metallic green species are also found.


== Distribution ==
== Distribution ==
The genus '''''Eustylus''''' ranges from [[Mexico]] to [[Paraguay]], with some species represented in the [[Caribbean]] <ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1">{{Cite journal|last=Wibmer|first=G. J.|last2=O'Brien|first2=C. W.|date=1986|title=Annotated checklist of the weevils (Curculionidae sensu lato) of South America (Coleoptera: Curculionoidea)|journal=Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute|volume=39|pages=1–563}}</ref><ref name=":5">{{Cite journal|last=O’Brien|first=C.W.|last2=Wibmer|first2=G.J.|date=1982|title=Annotated checklist of the weevils (Curculionidae sensu lato) of North America, Central America, and the West Indies (Coleoptera: Curculionoidea)|journal=Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute|volume=34|pages=1–382}}</ref>
The genus '''''Eustylus''''' ranges from [[Mexico]] to [[Paraguay]], with some species represented in the [[Caribbean]]<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1">{{Cite journal|last1=Wibmer|first1=G. J.|last2=O'Brien|first2=C. W.|date=1986|title=Annotated checklist of the weevils (Curculionidae sensu lato) of South America (Coleoptera: Curculionoidea)|journal=Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute|volume=39|pages=1–563}}</ref><ref name=":5">{{Cite journal|last1=O’Brien|first1=C.W.|last2=Wibmer|first2=G.J.|date=1982|title=Annotated checklist of the weevils (Curculionidae sensu lato) of North America, Central America, and the West Indies (Coleoptera: Curculionoidea)|journal=Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute|volume=34|pages=1–382}}</ref>


== List of species ==
== List of species ==
'''''Eustylus''''' contains 27 described species: <ref name=":1" /><ref name=":5" />
'''''Eustylus''''' contains 26 described species:<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":5" />


# ''Eustylus aequus'' <small>Marshall, 1916: 464</small> <ref name=":4">{{Cite journal|last=Marshall|first=G.A.K.|date=1916|title=On new Neotropical Curculionidae|url=https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/22130024|journal=[[The Annals and Magazine of Natural History]]|volume=8|pages=449–469}}</ref>: [[Brazil]].
# ''Eustylus aequus'' <small>Marshall, 1916: 464</small>:<ref name=":4">{{Cite journal|last=Marshall|first=G.A.K.|date=1916|title=On new Neotropical Curculionidae|url=https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/22130024|journal=[[The Annals and Magazine of Natural History]]|volume=8|issue=108 |pages=449–469|doi=10.1080/00222931609486900}}</ref> [[Brazil]].
# ''Eustylus bodkini'' <small>Marshall, 1916: 456</small> <ref name=":4">{{Cite journal|last=Marshall|first=G.A.K.|date=1916|title=On new Neotropical Curculionidae|url=https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/22130024|journal=[[The Annals and Magazine of Natural History]]|volume=8|pages=449–469}}</ref>: [[Colombia]], [[Guyana]], [[Venezuela]].
# ''Eustylus bodkini'' <small>Marshall, 1916: 456</small>:<ref name=":4"/> [[Colombia]], [[Guyana]], [[Venezuela]].
# ''Eustylus chiriquensis'' <small>Champion, 1911: 294</small> <ref name=":3" />: [[Panama]].
# ''Eustylus chiriquensis'' <small>Champion, 1911: 294</small>:<ref name=":3" /> [[Panama]].
# ''Eustylus cinericius'' <small>Champion, 1911: 296</small> <ref name=":3" />: [[Guatemala]].
# ''Eustylus cinericius'' <small>Champion, 1911: 296</small>:<ref name=":3" /> [[Guatemala]].
# ''Eustylus ephippiatus'' <small>Marshall, 1916: 458</small> <ref name=":4">{{Cite journal|last=Marshall|first=G.A.K.|date=1916|title=On new Neotropical Curculionidae|url=https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/22130024|journal=[[The Annals and Magazine of Natural History]]|volume=8|pages=449–469}}</ref>: [[Colombia]].
# ''Eustylus ephippiatus'' <small>Marshall, 1916: 458</small>:<ref name=":4"/> [[Colombia]].
# ''Eustylus funicularis'' <small>Kirsch, 1874: 390</small> <ref>{{Cite journal|last=Kirsch|first=T.|date=1874|title=Beiträge zur Kenntniss der Peruanischen Käferfauna auf Dr. Abendroth’s Sammlungen basirt. (Drittes Stück.)|url=https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/9216495|journal=Berliner Entomologische Zeitschrift|volume=18|pages=385–432}}</ref>: [[Bolivia]], [[Peru]].
# ''Eustylus funicularis'' <small>Kirsch, 1874: 390</small>:<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Kirsch|first=T.|date=1874|title=Beiträge zur Kenntniss der Peruanischen Käferfauna auf Dr. Abendroth's Sammlungen basirt. (Drittes Stück.)|url=https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/9216495|journal=Berliner Entomologische Zeitschrift|volume=18|pages=385–432|doi=10.1002/mmnd.18740180324}}</ref> [[Bolivia]], [[Peru]].
# ''Eustylus grypsatus'' <small>Boheman, 1843: 27</small> <ref name=":2" />: [[Mexico]].
# ''Eustylus grypsatus'' <small>Boheman, 1843: 27</small>:<ref name=":2" /> [[Mexico]].
# ''Eustylus hybridus'' <small>Rosenschoeld, 1840: 200</small> <ref>{{Cite book|last=Schönherr|first=C.J.|url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/4114879|title=Genera et species Curculionidum, cum synonymia hujus familiae. Species novae aut hactenus minus cognitae, descriptionibus a Dom. Leonardo Gyllenhal, C. H. Boheman, et entomologis aliis illustratae, tomus sextus, pars prima|publisher=Roret|year=1840|location=Paris|pages=474 pp}}</ref>: [[Guadeloupe]], [[Saint Lucia]].
# ''Eustylus hybridus'' <small>Rosenschoeld, 1840: 200</small>:<ref>{{Cite book|last=Schönherr|first=C.J.|url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/4114879|title=Genera et species Curculionidum, cum synonymia hujus familiae. Species novae aut hactenus minus cognitae, descriptionibus a Dom. Leonardo Gyllenhal, C. H. Boheman, et entomologis aliis illustratae, tomus sextus, pars prima|publisher=Roret|year=1840|location=Paris|pages=474 pp}}</ref> [[Guadeloupe]], [[Saint Lucia]].
# ''Eustylus inclusus'' <small>Marshall, 1916: 461</small> <ref name=":4">{{Cite journal|last=Marshall|first=G.A.K.|date=1916|title=On new Neotropical Curculionidae|url=https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/22130024|journal=[[The Annals and Magazine of Natural History]]|volume=8|pages=449–469}}</ref>: [[Brazil]].
# ''Eustylus inclusus'' <small>Marshall, 1916: 461</small>:<ref name=":4"/> [[Brazil]].
# ''Eustylus magdalenae'' <small>Marshall, 1926: 536</small> <ref>{{Cite journal|last=Marshall|first=Guy A.K.|date=1926-11-01|title=LXVI.—On new Neotropical Curculionidæ (Col.)|url=https://doi.org/10.1080/00222932608633549|journal=Annals and Magazine of Natural History|volume=18|issue=107|pages=530–543|doi=10.1080/00222932608633549|issn=0374-5481}}</ref>: [[Colombia]].
# ''Eustylus magdalenae'' <small>Marshall, 1926: 536</small>:<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Marshall|first=Guy A.K.|date=1926-11-01|title=LXVI.—On new Neotropical Curculionidæ (Col.)|url=https://doi.org/10.1080/00222932608633549|journal=Annals and Magazine of Natural History|volume=18|issue=107|pages=530–543|doi=10.1080/00222932608633549|issn=0374-5481}}</ref> [[Colombia]].
# ''Eustylus obliquefasciatus'' <small>Marshall, 1916: 455</small> <ref name=":4">{{Cite journal|last=Marshall|first=G.A.K.|date=1916|title=On new Neotropical Curculionidae|url=https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/22130024|journal=[[The Annals and Magazine of Natural History]]|volume=8|pages=449–469}}</ref>: [[Venezuela]].
# ''Eustylus obliquefasciatus'' <small>Marshall, 1916: 455</small>:<ref name=":4"/> [[Venezuela]].
# ''Eustylus puber'' <small>Olivier, 1807: 367</small> <ref>{{Cite book|last=Olivier|first=G. A.|url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/125992|title=Entomologie, ou, Histoire naturelle des insectes: avec leurs caractères génériques et spécifiques, leur description, leur synonymie, et leur enluminée|date=1807|publisher=De l'Imprimerie de Baudoin|volume=5|location=Paris|pages=612}}</ref>: [[Colombia]], [[French Guiana]], [[Guyana]], [[Trinidad]], [[Venezuela]].
# ''Eustylus puber'' <small>Olivier, 1807: 367</small>:<ref>{{Cite book|last=Olivier|first=G. A.|url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/125992|title=Entomologie, ou, Histoire naturelle des insectes: avec leurs caractères génériques et spécifiques, leur description, leur synonymie, et leur enluminée|date=1807|publisher=De l'Imprimerie de Baudoin|volume=5|location=Paris|pages=612}}</ref> [[Colombia]], [[French Guiana]], [[Guyana]], [[Trinidad]], [[Venezuela]].
# ''Eustylus quadrigibbus'' <small>Champion, 1911: 292</small> <ref name=":3" />: [[Mexico]].
# ''Eustylus quadrigibbus'' <small>Champion, 1911: 292</small>:<ref name=":3" /> [[Mexico]].
# ''Eustylus ruptus'' <small>Champion, 1911: 293</small> <ref name=":3" />: [[Costa Rica]], [[Panama]].
# ''Eustylus ruptus'' <small>Champion, 1911: 293</small>:<ref name=":3" /> [[Costa Rica]], [[Panama]].
# ''Eustylus scapularis'' <small>Marshall, 1916: 464</small> <ref name=":4">{{Cite journal|last=Marshall|first=G.A.K.|date=1916|title=On new Neotropical Curculionidae|url=https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/22130024|journal=[[The Annals and Magazine of Natural History]]|volume=8|pages=449–469}}</ref>: [[Brazil]].
# ''Eustylus scapularis'' <small>Marshall, 1916: 464</small>:<ref name=":4"/> [[Brazil]].
# ''Eustylus setipennis'' <small>Champion, 1911: 292</small> <ref name=":3" />: [[Guatemala]].
# ''Eustylus setipennis'' <small>Champion, 1911: 292</small>:<ref name=":3" /> [[Guatemala]].
# ''Eustylus sexguttatus'' <small>Champion, 1911: 291</small> <ref name=":3" />: [[Panama]].
# ''Eustylus sexguttatus'' <small>Champion, 1911: 291</small>:<ref name=":3" /> [[Panama]].
# ''Eustylus simplex'' <small>Marshall, 1916: 460</small> <ref name=":4">{{Cite journal|last=Marshall|first=G.A.K.|date=1916|title=On new Neotropical Curculionidae|url=https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/22130024|journal=[[The Annals and Magazine of Natural History]]|volume=8|pages=449–469}}</ref>: [[Colombia]].
# ''Eustylus simplex'' <small>Marshall, 1916: 460</small>:<ref name=":4"/> [[Colombia]].
# ''Eustylus simulatus'' <small>Marshall, 1916: 459</small> <ref name=":4">{{Cite journal|last=Marshall|first=G.A.K.|date=1916|title=On new Neotropical Curculionidae|url=https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/22130024|journal=[[The Annals and Magazine of Natural History]]|volume=8|pages=449–469}}</ref>: [[Colombia]].
# ''Eustylus simulatus'' <small>Marshall, 1916: 459</small>:<ref name=":4"/> [[Colombia]].
# ''Eustylus sordidus'' <small>Marshall, 1916: 460</small>: <ref name=":4">{{Cite journal|last=Marshall|first=G.A.K.|date=1916|title=On new Neotropical Curculionidae|url=https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/22130024|journal=[[The Annals and Magazine of Natural History]]|volume=8|pages=449–469}}</ref>: [[Colombia]].
# ''Eustylus sordidus'' <small>Marshall, 1916: 460</small>:<ref name=":4"/> [[Colombia]].
# ''Eustylus striatus'' <small>Boheman, 1843: 42</small> <ref name=":2" />: [[Mexico]].
# ''Eustylus striatus'' <small>Boheman, 1843: 42</small>:<ref name=":2" /> [[Mexico]].
# ''Eustylus subapterus'' <small>Champion, 1911: 295</small> <ref name=":3" />: [[Guatemala]], [[Mexico]].
# ''Eustylus subapterus'' <small>Champion, 1911: 295</small>:<ref name=":3" /> [[Guatemala]], [[Mexico]].
# ''Eustylus subfasciatus'' <small>Voss, 1932: 40</small> <ref>{{Cite journal|last=Voss|first=E.|date=1932|title=Unbeschriebene neotropische Curculioniden. I. (35. Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Curculioniden)|journal=Revista de entomologia. Rio de Janeiro|volume=2|pages=33–43}}</ref>: [[Paraguay]].
# ''Eustylus subfasciatus'' <small>Voss, 1932: 40</small>:<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Voss|first=E.|date=1932|title=Unbeschriebene neotropische Curculioniden. I. (35. Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Curculioniden)|journal=Revista de entomologia. Rio de Janeiro|volume=2|pages=33–43}}</ref> [[Paraguay]].
# ''Eustylus subguttatus'' <small>Marshall, 1916: 462</small> <ref name=":4">{{Cite journal|last=Marshall|first=G.A.K.|date=1916|title=On new Neotropical Curculionidae|url=https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/22130024|journal=[[The Annals and Magazine of Natural History]]|volume=8|pages=449–469}}</ref>: [[Brazil]].
# ''Eustylus subguttatus'' <small>Marshall, 1916: 462</small>:<ref name=":4"/> [[Brazil]].
# ''Eustylus subuittatus'' <small>Marshall, 1916: 457</small> <ref name=":4">{{Cite journal|last=Marshall|first=G.A.K.|date=1916|title=On new Neotropical Curculionidae|url=https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/22130024|journal=[[The Annals and Magazine of Natural History]]|volume=8|pages=449–469}}</ref>: [[Venezuela]].
# ''Eustylus subuittatus'' <small>Marshall, 1916: 457</small>:<ref name=":4"/> [[Venezuela]].
# ''Eustylus veraepacis'' <small>Champion, 1911: 294</small> <ref name=":3" />: [[Guatemala]].
# ''Eustylus veraepacis'' <small>Champion, 1911: 294</small>:<ref name=":3" /> [[Guatemala]].


== References ==
== References ==
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[[Category:Weevils]]
[[Category:Weevils]]
[[Category:Curculionidae genera]]



{{Weevil-stub}}
{{Weevil-stub}}

Latest revision as of 18:35, 2 August 2024

Eustylus
Dorsal view of Eustylus
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Order: Coleoptera
Suborder: Polyphaga
Infraorder: Cucujiformia
Family: Curculionidae
Subfamily: Entiminae
Tribe: Eustylini
Genus: Eustylus
Schönherr, 1843

Eustylus is a neotropical genus of broad-nosed weevils in the subfamily Entiminae, tribe Eustylini.[1]

Taxonomy

[edit]

Eustylus was described for the first time by Carl Johan Schönherr in 1843 (p. 40).[2] The Central American species were treated by Champion.[3] Marshall 1916 offers a key to most species.[4]

Description

[edit]

One of the most salient features of Eustylus is its broad antennal scape, densely and uniformly covered by scales (see Fig. 7F in Girón 2020 [5]). Some species bear a spine on the inner margin of the profemur, which is unusual for eustylines. Most species are uniformly covered by brown scales forming different patterns; metallic green species are also found.

Distribution

[edit]

The genus Eustylus ranges from Mexico to Paraguay, with some species represented in the Caribbean[1][6][7]

List of species

[edit]

Eustylus contains 26 described species:[6][7]

  1. Eustylus aequus Marshall, 1916: 464:[4] Brazil.
  2. Eustylus bodkini Marshall, 1916: 456:[4] Colombia, Guyana, Venezuela.
  3. Eustylus chiriquensis Champion, 1911: 294:[3] Panama.
  4. Eustylus cinericius Champion, 1911: 296:[3] Guatemala.
  5. Eustylus ephippiatus Marshall, 1916: 458:[4] Colombia.
  6. Eustylus funicularis Kirsch, 1874: 390:[8] Bolivia, Peru.
  7. Eustylus grypsatus Boheman, 1843: 27:[2] Mexico.
  8. Eustylus hybridus Rosenschoeld, 1840: 200:[9] Guadeloupe, Saint Lucia.
  9. Eustylus inclusus Marshall, 1916: 461:[4] Brazil.
  10. Eustylus magdalenae Marshall, 1926: 536:[10] Colombia.
  11. Eustylus obliquefasciatus Marshall, 1916: 455:[4] Venezuela.
  12. Eustylus puber Olivier, 1807: 367:[11] Colombia, French Guiana, Guyana, Trinidad, Venezuela.
  13. Eustylus quadrigibbus Champion, 1911: 292:[3] Mexico.
  14. Eustylus ruptus Champion, 1911: 293:[3] Costa Rica, Panama.
  15. Eustylus scapularis Marshall, 1916: 464:[4] Brazil.
  16. Eustylus setipennis Champion, 1911: 292:[3] Guatemala.
  17. Eustylus sexguttatus Champion, 1911: 291:[3] Panama.
  18. Eustylus simplex Marshall, 1916: 460:[4] Colombia.
  19. Eustylus simulatus Marshall, 1916: 459:[4] Colombia.
  20. Eustylus sordidus Marshall, 1916: 460:[4] Colombia.
  21. Eustylus striatus Boheman, 1843: 42:[2] Mexico.
  22. Eustylus subapterus Champion, 1911: 295:[3] Guatemala, Mexico.
  23. Eustylus subfasciatus Voss, 1932: 40:[12] Paraguay.
  24. Eustylus subguttatus Marshall, 1916: 462:[4] Brazil.
  25. Eustylus subuittatus Marshall, 1916: 457:[4] Venezuela.
  26. Eustylus veraepacis Champion, 1911: 294:[3] Guatemala.

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b Alonso-Zarazaga, M. A.; Lyal, C. H. C. (1999). A world catalogue of families and genera of Curculionoidea (Insecta: Coleoptera) excluding Scolytidae and Platypodidae (PDF). Barcelona, Spain: Entomopraxis. pp. 315 pp.
  2. ^ a b c Schönherr, C. J. (1843). Genera et species Curculionidum, cum synonymia hujus familiae. Species novae aut hactenus minus cognitae, descriptionibus a Dom. Leonardo Gyllenhal, C. H. Boheman, et entomologis aliis illustratae. Paris: Roret. p. 461.
  3. ^ a b c d e f g h i Sharp, D.; Champion, G. C. (1911). Sharp D, Champion GC () Biologia Centrali-Americana. Insecta. Coleoptera. Rhynchophora. Volume 4, part 3. London: R. H. Porter. pp. 354 pp. + 15 pl.
  4. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l Marshall, G.A.K. (1916). "On new Neotropical Curculionidae". The Annals and Magazine of Natural History. 8 (108): 449–469. doi:10.1080/00222931609486900.
  5. ^ Girón, Jennifer C. (2020-12-30). "Status of knowledge of the broad-nosed weevils of Colombia (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Entiminae)". Neotropical Biology and Conservation. 15 (4): 583–674. doi:10.3897/neotropical.15.e59713. ISSN 2236-3777. S2CID 231708108.
  6. ^ a b Wibmer, G. J.; O'Brien, C. W. (1986). "Annotated checklist of the weevils (Curculionidae sensu lato) of South America (Coleoptera: Curculionoidea)". Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute. 39: 1–563.
  7. ^ a b O’Brien, C.W.; Wibmer, G.J. (1982). "Annotated checklist of the weevils (Curculionidae sensu lato) of North America, Central America, and the West Indies (Coleoptera: Curculionoidea)". Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute. 34: 1–382.
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