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'''Maurice Benayoun''' (aka '''MoBen''' or 莫奔) (born 29 March 1957) is a French new-media artist, curator, and theorist based in [[Paris]] and [[Hong Kong]].
'''Maurice Benayoun''' (aka '''MoBen''' or 莫奔) (born 29 March 1957) is a [[French people|French]] [[New media art|new-media artist]], [[curator]], and theorist based in [[Paris]] and [[Hong Kong]].<ref>Paul Catanese, ''Director's Third Dimension: Fundamentals of 3d Programming in Director 8.5'', Sams Publishing, 2001, p314. {{ISBN|0-672-32228-5}}</ref>


His work employs various media, including [[video]], [[computer graphics]], [[immersive virtual reality]], the Internet, [[performance]], [[EEG]], [[3D Printing]], large-scale urban media art, robotics, [[NFT]]s, and [[Blockchain]] based artworks, installations and [[interactive]] exhibitions.
His work employs various media, including [[video]], [[computer graphics]], [[immersive virtual reality]], the Internet, [[performance]], [[EEG]], [[3D Printing]], large-scale urban media art, robotics, [[NFT]]s, and [[Blockchain]] based artworks, installations and [[interactive]] exhibitions.


==Biography==
==Early life==
Born in [[Mascara, Algeria|Mascara]], [[Algeria]], in March 1957, as a war orphan. His father was killed before his birth in the Algerian independence war. He moved to France in 1958, following his mother and his brother, to live in popular suburbs in north Paris where the family stayed during most of his childhood.
He was born in [[Mascara, Algeria|Mascara]], [[Algeria]], in March 1957, as a war orphan. His father was killed before his birth in the Algerian independence war. He moved to France in 1958, following his mother and his brother, to live in popular suburbs in north Paris where the family stayed during most of his childhood.


==Education==
==Education==
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==Career==
==Career==
[[File:Worldskin.jpg|thumb|250px|''World Skin'' (1997), Maurice Benayoun's Virtual Reality Interactive Installation]]
[[File:Worldskin.jpg|thumb|250px|''World Skin'' (1997), Maurice Benayoun's Virtual Reality Interactive Installation]]
Benayoun taught in contemporary and fine arts at [[Pantheon-Sorbonne University]]. In 1987 he co-founded Z-A Production (1987-2003), a [[computer graphics]] and [[Virtual Reality]] private lab.{{cn|date=November 2021}}
Benayoun taught in contemporary and fine arts at [[Pantheon-Sorbonne University]]. In 1987 he co-founded Z-A Production (1987–2003), a [[computer graphics]] and [[virtual reality]] private lab.{{citation needed|date=November 2021}}


Between 1990 and 1993, Benayoun collaborated with Belgian graphic novelists [[François Schuiten]] and philosopher [[Benoît Peeters]] on ''[[Quarxs]]'', the first animation series made of HD computer graphics, exploring variant creatures with alternate physical laws.<ref name=Wilson705>Stephen Wilson, ''Information Arts: Intersections of Art, Science, and Technology'', MIT Press, 2002, p705. {{ISBN|0-262-73158-4}}</ref>
Between 1990 and 1993, Benayoun collaborated with Belgian graphic novelists [[François Schuiten]] and philosopher [[Benoît Peeters]] on ''[[Quarxs]]'', the first animation series made of HD computer graphics, exploring variant creatures with alternate physical laws.<ref name=Wilson705>Stephen Wilson, ''Information Arts: Intersections of Art, Science, and Technology'', MIT Press, 2002, p705. {{ISBN|0-262-73158-4}}</ref>
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=== Key concepts ===
=== Key concepts ===
⚫
Open Media, in 2000, considered his works as a form of ''Open Media Art'', paraphrasing [[Jon Ippolito]], not limited to the traditional forms, media and economic schemes of art, but also not necessarily based on a specific medium, digital or using technologies. Open takes here the sense of freedom in the means of expression.<ref>Timothy Murray, [[Derrick de Kerckhove]], [[Oliver Grau]], [[Kristine Stiles]], Jean-Baptiste Barrière, [[Dominique Moulon]], Jean-Pierre Balpe, ''Maurice Benayoun Open Art'', Nouvelles éditions Scala, 2011, French version, {{ISBN|978-2-35988-046-5}}</ref>
Critical Fusion – When applied to the relation between the symbolic and the public space, Benayoun calls ''Fusion'' the mix of fiction and Reality. The name is inspired by a compound of ''critical mass'' and ''nuclear fusion''. 'Critical fusion' is the practice of fusion when the introduction of fiction is a way to make visible the invisible instead of hiding the reality: "the fusion of fiction and reality to decipher the world".<ref>Maurice Benayoun, Josef Bares, ''Urban Media Art Paradox: Critical Fusion vs Urban Cosmetics'' in ''What Urban Media Art Can Do: Why, When, Where and How'', Susa Pop, Tanya Toft, editors, AVedition publisher, 2016, pp.&nbsp;81–89, 450–453, {{ISBN|978-3899862553}}</ref><ref>https://scholars.cityu.edu.hk/en/publications/critical-fusion</ref>


⚫
Infra-realism – (Infra-realisme in French, could be interpreted as 'sub-realism') was coined in the early 90s to describe the specificity of the new form of realism emerging from 3D computer graphics. During the production of [[Quarxs]] (1989–1993), the author, Benayoun wanted to identify the difference between visual realism based on the transcription of how the world reflects light, and what he called Infra-realism, or "realism of the depth" or "the deep realism behind the surface".<ref>Madsen, Kim H., Qvortrup, Lars. "Production Methods: Behind the Scenes of Virtual Inhabited 3D Worlds." Springer Science & Business Media, 6 Dec. 2012 (1st edition 2002) - pp. 53-54. {{ISBN|1447100638}}, 9781447100638</ref>
Global Body – After [[Marshall McLuhan]]'s ''Global Village'', the status of human interactions has been altered by the development of information networks. Benayoun presents the internet as the '''world nervous system'' where any of the connected people become like nerve endings, capturing, transmitting and sharing information. The interconnected world becomes equivalent to a ''Global Body''. Anything affecting a part of the body is immediately felt by the entire body. The concept is frequently used by Benayoun since 2008.<ref>Benayoun, M., ''The Nervous Breakdown of the Global Body, an Organic Model of the Connected World'', in Proceedings of Futur en Seine 2009, ed. Cap Digital, 2010, {{ISBN|978-1-4466-7929-6}}.</ref>

Extended Relativity – A model from physics to understand the subjective curvature of the urban space and its impact on urban navigation. This model inspired Benayoun to create ''KITSUN'', a subjectivity-based mobile compass for urban survival. He signed two papers together with his homonym Maurice Benayoun, a nuclear Physics scientist.<ref>Benayoun, M., Benayoun, M., IMI, James Edward, An Example of Extended Relativity Applied to Urban Navigation, in Architecture, City and Information Design, EuropIA.14, Edited by Prof. Khaldoun Zreik, publish. Europia Productions, Paris, Sept. 2014, pp. 1-14, {{ISBN|979-10-90094-18-5}}</ref>

Sublimation vs Reification – Maurice Benayoun identified two main trends affect the evolution of the human experience of materiality. Borrowing the term from chemistry, ''Sublimation'' is the operation converting the world into data that can be treated at the same time by natural or artificial intelligence. This allows the cognitive integration of the physical as well as its absolute control.
Coming from [[Karl Marx]], ''Reification'' is the conversion of thoughts into objects. The process requires EEG (Electro Encephalography) and BCI (Brain-Computer Interaction) in association with construction technologies like [[3D Printing]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://benayoun.com/moben/2017/08/29/artificial-intelligence-all-too-human/|title=Artificial Intelligence, All Too Human|date=29 August 2017}}</ref>

Transactional Aesthetics – ''Transactional aesthetics'' is an art practice based on using the exchange, the transaction of information material, process, data, artworks, as a medium.
<ref>Benayoun, M., "The Art Collider, an ecosystem for transactional creation", conference Columbia University, New York City, NY, 1 February 2012</ref> Benayoun developed the concept around the ''IN OUT'' project (2008),<ref>La création transactionnelle, Architecture du système In/Out de Création P2P, March 2008, https://www.academia.edu/35833643/La_cr%C3%A9ation_transactionnelle_Architecture_du_syst%C3%A8me_In_Out_de_Cr%C3%A9ation_P2P</ref> a participative experiment based on "connective creation" or "Peer to Peer" creation. With the development of the online, on-site project, it became soon ''The Art Collider'', "a network of artworks" involving [[San Francisco Art Institute|SFAI]], San Francisco Art Institute, UC Berkeley, Cornell University, and many other international partners such as ΑΑΟ project, [[Lina Stergiou]], making artworks that feed each other, questioning the concept of intellectual property and ''ex nihilo'' creation.<ref>Benayoun, M., "Art Collider: Towards Transactional Aesthetics," in [[Lina Stergiou]], ed., ''AAO Project: Ethics/Aesthetics'' (Athens: Benaki Museum and Papasotiriou, 2011), pp.47-59, [International Conference Proceedings] {{ISBN|978-960-491-026-7}}.</ref>

⚫
Open Media – From the year 2000, considered his works as a form of ''Open Media Art'', paraphrasing [[Jon Ippolito]], not limited to the traditional forms, media and economic schemes of art, but also not necessarily based on a specific medium, digital or using technologies. Open takes here the sense of freedom in the means of expression.<ref>Timothy Murray, [[Derrick de Kerckhove]], [[Oliver Grau]], [[Kristine Stiles]], Jean-Baptiste Barrière, [[Dominique Moulon]], Jean-Pierre Balpe, ''Maurice Benayoun Open Art'', Nouvelles éditions Scala, 2011, French version, {{ISBN|978-2-35988-046-5}}</ref>

⚫
Infra-realism – (Infra-realisme in French, could be interpreted as 'sub-realism') has been coined in the early 90s to describe the specificity of the new form of realism emerging from 3D computer graphics. During the production of [[Quarxs]] (1989–1993), the author, Benayoun wanted to identify the difference between visual realism based on the transcription of how the world reflects light, and what he called Infra-realism, or "realism of the depth" or "the deep realism behind the surface".<ref>Madsen, Kim H., Qvortrup, Lars. "Production Methods: Behind the Scenes of Virtual Inhabited 3D Worlds." Springer Science & Business Media, 6 Dec. 2012 (1st edition 2002) - pp. 53-54. {{ISBN|1447100638}}, 9781447100638</ref>

SAS – In his text, ''Art After Museum'' (1993), Benayoun coins SAS as any kind of interface that allows to go from the physical space to the virtual reality space. Explaining the technology may evolve, but the necessity to have a transition from the "real" to the space of fiction that we call "Virtual Reality". SAS is a French word coming from Latin, that designs the apparatus that allows us to go from a human-compatible space to a more "hostile" environment. The airlock system in a submarine or the double door system in a bank are a "sas". So are the CAVE VR system or the VR Head Mounted Display.<ref>{{Cite document|url=https://www.academia.edu/35875208|title=AME: ART AFTER MUSEUM - Virtual Reality Art collection|last1=Benayoun|first1=Maurice}}</ref>

Behavioural Design – In 2003, Benayoun presents in Marseilles, France, a performance/conference anticipating the future of the Internet of Objects, [[Internet of things|IoT]]. He describes the behavior of objects in our environment that have a strong social impact and alter deeply our daily life. He suggests avoiding an excessive submissive behavior that would amplify our natural inclinations and limit the potential of the ''unexpected''. In an ironic fictional research project, He proposes the creation of an "Integrated Psychic Disorder Generator".<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://benayoun.com/moben/2003/04/29/un-generateur-de-failles-psychologiques-integre/|title = Un Générateur de Failles Psychologiques Integré|date = 29 April 2003}}</ref>


==Selected awards==
==Selected awards==
{{citations needed|section|date=November 2021}}
{{BLP sources section|date=November 2021}}
[[File: LE TUNNEL SOUS L'ATLANTIQUE Paris.jpg|thumb|250px|''Tunnel under the Atlantic'' (1995), Maurice Benayoun's Virtual Reality Installation]]
[[File: LE TUNNEL SOUS L'ATLANTIQUE Paris.jpg|thumb|250px|''Tunnel under the Atlantic'' (1995), Maurice Benayoun's Virtual Reality Installation]]
[[File:COSMOPOLIS.jpg|thumb|250px|''Cosmopolis'' (2005), Maurice Benayoun's large scale Virtual Reality Interactive Installation]]
[[File:COSMOPOLIS.jpg|thumb|250px|''Cosmopolis'' (2005), Maurice Benayoun's large scale Virtual Reality Interactive Installation]]
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* First Prize, Third Dimension Award, SCAM, Paris, November 1991
* First Prize, Third Dimension Award, SCAM, Paris, November 1991
* 1st Prize, Artistic Animation category, [[Truevision]] competition, [[SIGGRAPH]], Las Vegas, 1991
* 1st Prize, Artistic Animation category, [[Truevision]] competition, [[SIGGRAPH]], Las Vegas, 1991

==Selected works==
{{citations needed|section|date=November 2021}}
[[File:Le Diable est-il courbe.jpg|thumb|right|220px|''Le Diable est-il courbe?'' (Is the devil curved?), 1995]]
* ''Big Questions'' : ''Is God Flat?'' (1994)
* ''Is the Devil Curved?'' (VR installation, 1995)
* ''The Tunnel under the Atlantic'' (VR installation, Montreal-Paris, 1995)
* ''World Skin, a photo safari in the Land of War'' (1997)-Golden Nica, Ars Electronica Festival 1998
* ''Crossing Talks, Communication Rafting'' (Virtual Reality Internet installation, 1999)
* ''Art Impact, collective Retinal Memory'' (interactive installation, 2000)
* ''Labylogue'' (televirtual interactive installation, 2000)
* ''So.So.So., Somebody, Somewhere, Some Time'' (interactive installation, 2002)
* ''Cosmopolis, Overwritting the City'' (interactive installation, 2005)
* ''Mechanics of Emotions'' (series of works, 2005- )
* ''NeORIZON'' (urban interactive installation, 2008)
* ''Still Moving'' (interactive sculpture, 2008)
* ''The Dump'' (blog, 2006-2008)
* ''Emotion Forecast'' (Internet, urban screens, 2010)
* ''White Cube, The spirit of Contemporary Art'' (perfume, 2011)
* ''Occupy Wall Screens'' (Urban screen, Internet real time video, 2012)
* ''E-SCAPE TODAY!'' (Urban screen, Internet, Seoul Square, Seoul, 2012)
* ''Emotion Winds'' (Urban screen, Internet, Media Fest, Mumbai, 2014)
* ''Borders Tunnel'' (VR, Internet, video, Osage Gallery, HK, 2016)
* ''Brain Factory Prototype'' (EEG, VR, 3D Printing, Art Center Nabi, Seoul, South Korea, 2016)
* ''Value of Values'' (EEG, VR, NFT, Blockchain, ISEA2019 Gwangju, South Korea, 2019)
* ''Power Cheess'' (Robotics, AI installation 2021)


==References==
==References==
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== Further reading ==
== Further reading ==
* Maurice Benayoun, ''The Dump, 207 Hypotheses for Committing Art'', bilingual (English/French) Fyp éditions, France, July 2011, {{ISBN|978-2-916571-64-5}}
* Timothy Murray, [[Derrick de Kerckhove]], [[Oliver Grau]], [[Kristine Stiles]], Jean-Baptiste Barrière, [[Dominique Moulon]], Jean-Pierre Balpe, ''Maurice Benayoun Open Art 1980 - 2010'', Nouvelles éditions Scala, 2011, French version, {{ISBN|978-2-35988-046-5}}
* Timothy Murray, [[Derrick de Kerckhove]], [[Oliver Grau]], [[Kristine Stiles]], Jean-Baptiste Barrière, [[Dominique Moulon]], Jean-Pierre Balpe, ''Maurice Benayoun Open Art 1980 - 2010'', Nouvelles éditions Scala, 2011, French version, {{ISBN|978-2-35988-046-5}}
* Maurice Benayoun, Josef Bares, ''Urban Media Art Paradox: Critical Fusion vs Urban Cosmetics'' in ''What Urban Media Art Can Do: Why, When, Where and How'', Susa Pop, Tanya Toft, editors, AVedition publisher, 2016, pp.&nbsp;81–89, 450–453, {{ISBN|978-3899862553}}
* Benayoun, M., ''The Nervous Breakdown of the Global Body, an Organic Model of the Connected World'', in Proceedings of Futur en Seine 2009, ed. Cap Digital, 2010, {{ISBN|978-1-4466-7929-6}}.
* Sara and Tom Pendergast, ''Contemporary Artists'' St James Press, 2001, pp.&nbsp;155–158, {{ISBN|1-55862-407-4}}
* Sara and Tom Pendergast, ''Contemporary Artists'' St James Press, 2001, pp.&nbsp;155–158, {{ISBN|1-55862-407-4}}
* [[Peter Weibel]], [[Jeffrey Shaw]], ''Future Cinema'', MIT Press 2003, pp.&nbsp;472,572-581, {{ISBN|0-262-69286-4}}
* [[Peter Weibel]], [[Jeffrey Shaw]], ''Future Cinema'', MIT Press 2003, pp.&nbsp;472,572-581, {{ISBN|0-262-69286-4}}
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*[http://www.the-dump.net Official Blog/creation ''The Dump'']
*[http://www.the-dump.net Official Blog/creation ''The Dump'']


{{Authority control (arts)}}
{{ACArt}}

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{{DEFAULTSORT:Benayoun, Maurice}}
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[[Category:Virtual reality pioneers]]
[[Category:Virtual reality pioneers]]
[[Category:People from Mascara, Algeria]]
[[Category:People from Mascara, Algeria]]
[[Category:French bloggers]]
[[Category:French male writers]]
[[Category:French male writers]]
[[Category:Male bloggers]]
[[Category:French male bloggers]]
[[Category:University of Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis faculty]]
[[Category:Academic staff of Paris 8 University Vincennes-Saint-Denis]]

Latest revision as of 02:50, 27 November 2024

Maurice Benayoun
Maurice Benayoun in 2000
Born
Maurice Benayoun

(1957-03-29) 29 March 1957 (age 67)
Mascara, French Algeria
EducationPantheon-Sorbonne University
Known forNew Media Art
Notable workQuarxs (1991)
Tunnel under the Atlantic (1995)
World Skin, a Photo Safari in the Land of War (1997)
AwardsGolden Nica
Ars Electronica 1998,
Chevalier des Arts et Lettres 2000,
Siggraph 1991,
Villa Medicis hors les murs, 1993,
Imagina, 1993,
International Monitor Awards...
Websitewww.benayoun.com

Maurice Benayoun (aka MoBen or 莫奔) (born 29 March 1957) is a French new-media artist, curator, and theorist based in Paris and Hong Kong.[1]

His work employs various media, including video, computer graphics, immersive virtual reality, the Internet, performance, EEG, 3D Printing, large-scale urban media art, robotics, NFTs, and Blockchain based artworks, installations and interactive exhibitions.

Early life

[edit]

He was born in Mascara, Algeria, in March 1957, as a war orphan. His father was killed before his birth in the Algerian independence war. He moved to France in 1958, following his mother and his brother, to live in popular suburbs in north Paris where the family stayed during most of his childhood.

Education

[edit]

Bennayoun's doctorate thesis at the Sorbonne, Artistic Intentions at Work, Hypothesis for Committing Art, was published in 2011.[2]

Career

[edit]
World Skin (1997), Maurice Benayoun's Virtual Reality Interactive Installation

Benayoun taught in contemporary and fine arts at Pantheon-Sorbonne University. In 1987 he co-founded Z-A Production (1987–2003), a computer graphics and virtual reality private lab.[citation needed]

Between 1990 and 1993, Benayoun collaborated with Belgian graphic novelists François Schuiten and philosopher Benoît Peeters on Quarxs, the first animation series made of HD computer graphics, exploring variant creatures with alternate physical laws.[3]

For his first solo show, Benayoun presented a virtual reality installation linking two art museums: the Pompidou Center in Paris and the Musée d'art contemporain de Montréal.[4] Benayoun conceived and directed the exhibition Cosmopolis, Overwriting the City (2005), an art and science immersive installation presented during the French Year in China in Shanghai, Beijing, Chengdu, and Chongqing. This was Maurice Benayoun's first experience in China, and the reception by the public played an important role in later Benayoun's move to Asia.[5]

Key concepts

[edit]

Open Media, in 2000, considered his works as a form of Open Media Art, paraphrasing Jon Ippolito, not limited to the traditional forms, media and economic schemes of art, but also not necessarily based on a specific medium, digital or using technologies. Open takes here the sense of freedom in the means of expression.[6]

Infra-realism – (Infra-realisme in French, could be interpreted as 'sub-realism') was coined in the early 90s to describe the specificity of the new form of realism emerging from 3D computer graphics. During the production of Quarxs (1989–1993), the author, Benayoun wanted to identify the difference between visual realism based on the transcription of how the world reflects light, and what he called Infra-realism, or "realism of the depth" or "the deep realism behind the surface".[7]

Selected awards

[edit]
Tunnel under the Atlantic (1995), Maurice Benayoun's Virtual Reality Installation
Cosmopolis (2005), Maurice Benayoun's large scale Virtual Reality Interactive Installation
  • Prix Ars Electronica Visionary Pioneer of Media Art (nomination), 2014
  • SACD Award, Interactive Arts, Paris, June 2009
  • Golden Nica (first prize), interactive art category, ARS ELECTRONICA Festival, Linz, Austria, 1998
  • Jose Abel Prize, Best European animation film, Cinanima, Animation Film Festival of Espinho, Portugal, October 1994
  • Best Electronic Special Effects, International Monitor Awards, Los Angeles, 1993
  • Best Video Paint Design, International Monitor Award, Los Angeles 1993
  • First Prize Pixel INA, Opens Title category Imagina '93, Monte Carlo, February 1993
  • First Prize, Third Dimension Award, SCAM, Paris, November 1991
  • 1st Prize, Artistic Animation category, Truevision competition, SIGGRAPH, Las Vegas, 1991

References

[edit]

Citations

[edit]
  1. ^ Paul Catanese, Director's Third Dimension: Fundamentals of 3d Programming in Director 8.5, Sams Publishing, 2001, p314. ISBN 0-672-32228-5
  2. ^ Maurice Benayoun, The Dump, 207 Hypotheses for Committing Art, bilingual (English/French) Fyp éditions, France, July 2011, ISBN 978-2-916571-64-5
  3. ^ Stephen Wilson, Information Arts: Intersections of Art, Science, and Technology, MIT Press, 2002, p705. ISBN 0-262-73158-4
  4. ^ Lars Qvortrupp, Virtual Space: Spatiality in Virtual Inhabited 3d Worlds, Springer, 2002, p222. ISBN 1-85233-516-5
  5. ^ "BENAYOUN, Maurice | School of Creative Media".
  6. ^ Timothy Murray, Derrick de Kerckhove, Oliver Grau, Kristine Stiles, Jean-Baptiste Barrière, Dominique Moulon, Jean-Pierre Balpe, Maurice Benayoun Open Art, Nouvelles éditions Scala, 2011, French version, ISBN 978-2-35988-046-5
  7. ^ Madsen, Kim H., Qvortrup, Lars. "Production Methods: Behind the Scenes of Virtual Inhabited 3D Worlds." Springer Science & Business Media, 6 Dec. 2012 (1st edition 2002) - pp. 53-54. ISBN 1447100638, 9781447100638

General sources

[edit]
  • ADA, Archive of Digital Art, Missing Matter, [1]
  • FMX/09, Paris ACM SIGGRAPH, ZA Story, the Quarxs, God and the Devil,[2], 2009
  • Benayoun, M.,"A Nano-Leap for Mankind" in The Dump, 207 Hypotheses for Committing Art, bilingual (English/French) Fyp éditions, France, July 2011, pp. 349–351. ISBN 978-2-916571-64-5
  • Benayoun, M., [3], "Architecture reactive de la communication" (French), July 1998

Further reading

[edit]
[edit]
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