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Tirhuta Panchang (Devanagari: तिरहुता पंचांग, Tirhuta: 𑒞𑒱𑒩𑒯𑒳𑒞𑒰 𑒣𑓀𑒔𑒰𑓀𑒑, IPA: Tirhutā pan̄cāṅg) is a calendar followed by the Maithili community of India and Nepal. This calendar is one of the many Hindu calendars. It is a tropical solar Hindu calendar in which the year begins on the first day of Baishakh month i.e. Mesh Sankranti. Every year, this day falls on 13/14 April of the Gregorian Calendar

Months

Names of Maithili months :Maithili Calendar

No.	Name	Pronunciation	Colloquial	Gregorian Months
1	वैशाख	Baiśākha	बैसाख	April/May
2	ज्येष्ठ	Jyeṣṭha	जेठ	May/June
3	आषाढ़	Āshāḍha	अखार	June/July
4	श्रावण	Śrāvaṇa	साओन	July/August
5	भाद्र	Bhādra	भादो	August/September
6	आश्विन	Āśvina	आसिन	September/October
7	कार्तिक	Kārtika	कातिक	October/November
8	मार्गशीर्ष (अग्रहायण)	Mārgaśīrṣa	अगहन	November/December
9	पौष	Pauṣa	पूस	December/January
10	माघ	Māgha	माघ	January/February
11	फाल्गुन	Phālguna	फागुन	February/March
12	चैत्र	Chaitra	चैत	March/April

Months and their corresponding season

तिरहुता पञ्चाङ्ग (Maithili calendar)

मास Month	ऋतु Season
ज्येष्ठ/Jyeshtha May–June	ग्रीष्म Summer
आषाढ़/Asharha June–July	ग्रीष्म Summer
श्रावण/Shrabana July–August	वर्षा Monsoon
भाद्र/Bhadra August–September	वर्षा Monsoon
आश्विन/Ashvina September–October	शरद Autumn
कार्तिक/Kartika October–November	शरद Autumn
मार्गशीर्ष/Margashirsha November–December	हेमन्त Pre-winter
पौष/Pausha December–January	हेमन्त Pre-winter
माघ/Magha January–February	शिशिर Winter
फाल्गुन/Falguna February–March	शिशिर Winter
चैत्र/Chaitra March–April	वसन्त Spring
वैशाख/Baishakh April–May	वसन्त Spring

Baishakha-Jyeshtha-Asharha

These three months are the summer season in Mithila. Jeth and Asarh are very hot. Baisakh is the month of growing lychee. Jeth and Asarh are the months of growing mangoes.^[1]

Shrabana-Bhadra

Mithila receives heavy rainfall during these two months, often resulting in flooding. Farmers wait for the season's first rain so they can sow paddy in their fields. The holy month of Saon is devoted to Lord Shiva. Devotees visit Baidnath Dham in Deoghar to offer gangajal.^[2]

Ashvina-Kartika

These two months have moderate weather, and both represent the festive season for Mithila. Navaratra falls in Asin; Diwali and Chhath fall in Katik. Moreover, Katik is the harvesting month for farmers.^[3]

Margashirsha-Pausha-Magha

Margashirsha, Pausha and Magh are the winter seasons in Mithila. Out of these three, Pausha and Magh are the extreme winter periods, when the temperature sometimes falls to 5 °C. Makar Sankranti falls in the month of Pausha, and Basant Panchami in Magh.

Falguna-Chaitra

After winter, Falgun and Chaitra are the moderate months. Fagun and Chait again are the harvesting months. Holi falls in Fagun and Chhath falls in Chait. Chaith is the last month of the Maithili calendar.^[4]

Days in Maithili calendar

Like, most of the calendars of the world, Maithili calendar also has 7 days in a week, each of 24-hour length. Rabibasar or Sunday is supposed to be the first day of the week.

Rabibasar / Sunday : रविवासर
Somabasar / Monday : सोमवासर
Mangaldin / Tuesday : मंगलवासर
Budhbasar / Wednesday: बुधवासर
Brihaspatibasar / Thursday : बृहस्पतीवासर
Shukrabasar / Friday: शुक्रवासर
Shanibasar / Saturday : शनिवासर

Significance

The Maithili calendar is the calendar of Mithila which originated in Mithila region. The Maithili calendar is of great importance for Maithil people in India as well as in Nepal. All auspicious dates (e.g. marriage, Mundan, Upanayana sanskar) as well as the dates of Maithili festivals (e.g. Dipawali (Diwali/Tihar), Chhath, Durga Puja, Janaki Navami) are set based on the Maithili calendar. It has deep roots in the Hindu religion and Mithila's culture.

Related calendars

The Maithili calendar is related to the Hindu solar calendar, which is itself based on the Surya Siddhanta. The Hindu solar calendar also starts in mid-April, and the first day of the calendar is celebrated as the traditional New Year in the Indian states of Assam, West Bengal,^[5] Kerala, Manipur, Orissa, Punjab, Tamil Nadu,^[6] and Tripura. Bangladesh, Nepal, Thailand and Sri Lanka also celebrate new year around the same time (13–15 April). This day is also known as Mesha Shankranti.^[7]

References

^ Climate of North Bihar
^ Climate of North Bihar
^ Climate of North Bihar
^ Climate of North Bihar
^ Bengali calendar
^ Puthandu
^ "Calendar".

External links

[1] Climate of North Bihar

[2] Climate of North Bihar

[3] Climate of North Bihar

[4] Climate of North Bihar

[5] Bengali calendar

[6] Puthandu

[7] "Calendar".

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
+{{Short description|Calendar followed by the Maithils}}
 {{Use dmy dates|date=September 2017}}
 {{Use Indian English|date=September 2017}}
@@ Line 15: / Line 16: @@
 | 1
 | वैशाख
-| Baiśākha
+| [[Baiśākha]]
 | बैसाख
 | April/May
@@ Line 21: / Line 22: @@
 | 2
 | ज्येष्ठ
-|Jyeṣṭha
+|[[Jyeṣṭha]]
 | जेठ
 | May/June
@@ Line 27: / Line 28: @@
 | 3
 | आषाढ़
-| Āshāḍha
+| [[Āshāḍha]]
 | अखार
 | June/July
@@ Line 33: / Line 34: @@
 | 4
 | श्रावण
-| Śrāvaṇa
+| [[Śrāvaṇa]]
 | साओन
 | July/August
@@ Line 39: / Line 40: @@
 | 5
 | भाद्र
-| Bhādra
+| [[Bhādra]]
 | भादो
 | August/September
@@ Line 45: / Line 46: @@
 | 6
 | आश्विन
-| Āśvina
+| [[Āśvina]]
 | आसिन
 | September/October
@@ Line 51: / Line 52: @@
 | 7
 | कार्तिक
-| Kārtika
+| [[Kārtika]]
 | कातिक
 | October/November
@@ Line 57: / Line 58: @@
 | 8
 | मार्गशीर्ष (अग्रहायण)
-| Mārgaśīrṣa
+| [[Mārgaśīrṣa]]
 | अगहन
 | November/December
@@ Line 63: / Line 64: @@
 | 9
 | पौष
-| Pauṣa
+| [[Pauṣa]]
 | पूस
 | December/January
@@ Line 69: / Line 70: @@
 | 10
 | माघ
-| Māgha
+| [[Māgha]]
 | माघ
 | January/February
@@ Line 75: / Line 76: @@
 | 11
 | फाल्गुन
-| Phālguna
+| [[Phālguna]]
 | फागुन
 | February/March
@@ Line 81: / Line 82: @@
 | 12
 | चैत्र
-| Chaitra
+| [[Chaitra]]
 | चैत
 | March/April
@@ Line 87: / Line 88: @@
 ==Months and their corresponding season==
- '''तिरहुता पञ्चाङ्ग'''
+'''तिरहुता पञ्चाङ्ग''' ('''Maithili calendar''')
-('''Maithili Calendar''')
 {| class="wikitable" style="float:right; margin:0.5em; text-align:center"
@@ Line 127: / Line 127: @@
 ===Baishakha-Jyeshtha-Asharha===
-These three months are the summer season in Mithila, out of these 3, Jeth & Asarh are very hot. Baisakh is the month of Litchi. Jeth and Asarh are the months of Mango.<ref>Climate of North Bihar</ref>
+These three months are the summer season in Mithila. Jeth and Asarh are very hot. Baisakh is the month of growing lychee. Jeth and Asarh are the months of growing mangoes.<ref>Climate of North Bihar</ref>
 ===Shrabana-Bhadra===
-Mithila receives heavy rainfall during these two months, often resulting in flooding. Farmers wait for saon's first rain so they can sow paddy in their fields. The holy month of Saon is devoted to Lord [[Shiva]]. Devotees visit Baidnath Dham in [[Deoghar]] to offer gangajal.<ref>Climate of North Bihar</ref>
+Mithila receives heavy rainfall during these two months, often resulting in flooding. Farmers wait for the season's first rain so they can sow paddy in their fields. The holy month of Saon is devoted to Lord [[Shiva]]. Devotees visit Baidnath Dham in [[Deoghar]] to offer gangajal.<ref>Climate of North Bihar</ref>
 ===Ashvina-Kartika===
-These two months have moderate weather. Both these months are festive season for Mithila. Navaratra falls in Asin, [[Diwali]] & [[Chhath]] Falls in Katik. Moreover, Katik is the harvesting month for farmers.<ref>Climate of North Bihar</ref>
+These two months have moderate weather, and both represent the festive season for Mithila. Navaratra falls in Asin; [[Diwali]] and [[Chhath]] fall in Katik. Moreover, Katik is the harvesting month for farmers.<ref>Climate of North Bihar</ref>
 ===Margashirsha-Pausha-Magha===
-Margashirsha, Pausha and Magh are the winter seasons in Mithila. Out of these 3, Pausha & Magh are the extreme winter periods, temperature sometimes falls to 5&nbsp;°C. [[Makar Sankranti]] falls in the month of Pausha, and [[Basant Panchami]] in Magh.
+Margashirsha, Pausha and Magh are the winter seasons in Mithila. Out of these three, Pausha and Magh are the extreme winter periods, when the temperature sometimes falls to 5&nbsp;°C. [[Makar Sankranti]] falls in the month of Pausha, and [[Basant Panchami]] in Magh.
 ===Falguna-Chaitra===
-After winter, Falgun & Chaitra are the moderate months. Fagun & Chait again are the harvesting months. [[Holi]] falls in Fagun and Chhath falls in Chait. Chaith is the last month of Maithili Calendar.<ref>Climate of North Bihar</ref>
+After winter, Falgun and Chaitra are the moderate months. Fagun and Chait again are the harvesting months. [[Holi]] falls in Fagun and Chhath falls in Chait. Chaith is the last month of the Maithili calendar.<ref>Climate of North Bihar</ref>
 ==Days in Maithili calendar==
@@ Line 152: / Line 152: @@
 ==Significance==
-The Maithili calendar is  the calendar of [[Mithila (ancient)|Mithila]] which originated in [[Mithila (region)|Mithila region]]. The Maithili calendar is of great importance for Maithil people in India as well as in Nepal. All auspicious dates (e.g. marriage, ''[[Mundan]]'', ''[[Upanayana]] [[sanskar]]'') as well as the dates of Maithili festivals (e.g. [[Dipawali]] (Diwali/Tihar), ''[[Chhath]]'', [[Durga Puja]], [[Mithila (region)#Temples and festivals|Janaki Navami]]'') are set based on the Maithili calendar. It has deep roots in the Hindu religion and Mithila's culture.
+The Maithili calendar is  the calendar of [[Mithila (ancient)|Mithila]] which originated in [[Mithila (region)|Mithila region]]. The Maithili calendar is of great importance for Maithil people in India as well as in Nepal. All auspicious dates (e.g. marriage, ''[[Mundan]]'', ''[[Upanayana]] [[sanskar]]'') as well as the dates of Maithili festivals (e.g. [[Dipawali]] (Diwali/Tihar), ''[[Chhath]]'', [[Durga Puja]], [[Mithila (region)#Temples and festivals|''Janaki Navami'']]) are set based on the Maithili calendar. It has deep roots in the Hindu religion and Mithila's culture.
 ==Related calendars==