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Adding local short description: "American non-profit women's organization", overriding Wikidata description "non-profit organization in the USA"
 
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{{Short description|American non-profit women's organization}}
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{{Infobox organization
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| motto = Inspiring all girls to be strong, smart, and bold
| website = {{URL|http://www.girlsinc.org}}
| website = {{URL|http://www.girlsinc.org}}
| dissolved =
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'''Girls Inc.''' (established in 1864) is a [[United States]] 501(c)(3) [[nonprofit organization]] that encourages all girls to be "Strong, Smart, and Bold" through direct service and advocacy. The organization equips girls with the skills to navigate through economic, gender, and social barriers and to grow up as independent individuals. It is one of the longest continuously operating organizations offering girls-only programming.<ref>{{cite book|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=BWJCDgAAQBAJ&pg=PA319|page=328|chapter=Girl’s Programming|title=The SAGE Encyclopedia of Out-of-School Learning|editor-last=Peppler|editor-first=Kylie|publisher=SAGE Publications|year=2017|isbn=978-1-4833-8521-1|via=[[Google Books]]}}</ref>
'''Girls Inc.''' (established in 1864) is an American [[nonprofit organization]] which encourages girls to be "Strong, Smart, and Bold" through direct service and advocacy.<ref>{{cite book|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=BWJCDgAAQBAJ&pg=PA319|page=328|chapter=Girl’s Programming|title=The SAGE Encyclopedia of Out-of-School Learning|editor-last=Peppler|editor-first=Kylie|publisher=SAGE Publications|year=2017|isbn=978-1-4833-8521-1|via=[[Google Books]]}}</ref>


== History ==
== History ==
The Girls Inc. (Girls Club of America) movement was founded in 1864 in [[Waterbury, Connecticut]]. The organization's mission was to help young women who had migrated from rural communities in search of job opportunities experiencing upheaval in the aftermath of the Civil War.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=KSE_DwAAQBAJ&pg=PT15|title=Brave: Young Women's Global Revolution|volume=2|page=15|last=Kimball|first=Gayle|year=2017|publisher=Equality Press|isbn=978-0-938795-57-5|via=[[Google Books]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9fPaAAAAQBAJ&pg=PA69|title=Organizational Histories of Nonprofit Human Service Organizations|editor-last=Austin|editor-first=Michael J.|page=69|year=2013|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-0-415-62179-3|via=[[Google Books]]}}</ref> In 1945, fourteen charter Girls Clubs joined together to form a national organization.<ref name=fordham>{{cite journal|url=https://ir.lawnet.fordham.edu/ulj/vol29/iss2/14/|title=Strong, Smart, and Bold Girls: The Girls Incorporated Approach to Education|last1=Johnston Nicholson|first1=Heather|last2=Maschino|first2=Mary F.|journal=[[Fordham Urban Law Journal]]|volume=29|issue=2|year=2001|access-date=April 2, 2019}}</ref> In 1990 the Girls Club of America changed their name to Girls Incorporated.<ref name=fordham /> Across the decades, they adapted to meet specific environmental challenges girls and young women faced, working in partnership with schools and communities.<ref name=fordham />
The Girls Inc. (Girls Club of America) movement was founded in 1864 in [[Waterbury, Connecticut]]. The organization's mission was to help young women who had migrated from rural communities in search of job opportunities, experiencing upheaval in the aftermath of the Civil War.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=KSE_DwAAQBAJ&pg=PT15|title=Brave: Young Women's Global Revolution|volume=2|page=15|last=Kimball|first=Gayle|year=2017|publisher=Equality Press|isbn=978-0-938795-57-5|via=[[Google Books]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9fPaAAAAQBAJ&pg=PA69|title=Organizational Histories of Nonprofit Human Service Organizations|editor-last=Austin|editor-first=Michael J.|page=69|year=2013|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-0-415-62179-3|via=[[Google Books]]}}</ref> In 1945, fourteen charter Girls Clubs joined together to form a national organization.<ref name=fordham>{{cite journal|url=https://ir.lawnet.fordham.edu/ulj/vol29/iss2/14/|title=Strong, Smart, and Bold Girls: The Girls Incorporated Approach to Education|last1=Johnston Nicholson|first1=Heather|last2=Maschino|first2=Mary F.|journal=[[Fordham Urban Law Journal]]|volume=29|issue=2|year=2001|access-date=April 2, 2019}}</ref> In 1990 the Girls Club of America changed their name to Girls Incorporated.<ref name=fordham />


[[Rachel Harris Johnson]] founded the organization. In 1919, she became secretary of the Worcester Girls Club, which her mother helped found. She later became the club's president and in 1945 formed a national organization and served as its first president until 1952. Johnson died at the age of 95 in a nursing home.<ref name=nyt>{{cite web|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1983/08/10/obituaries/rachel-h-johnson-95-founder-of-girls-clubs.html|title=Rachel H. Johnson, 95; Founder of Girls Clubs|newspaper=[[The New York Times]]|date=August 10, 1983|access-date=April 2, 2019}}</ref>
==Founders and creator==
There were many people who helped and contributed to the start of Girls Inc, but the most recognized person is Rachel Harris Johnson.<ref name=nyt>{{cite web|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1983/08/10/obituaries/rachel-h-johnson-95-founder-of-girls-clubs.html|title=Rachel H. Johnson, 95; Founder of Girls Clubs|newspaper=[[The New York Times]]|date=August 10, 1983|access-date=April 2, 2019}}</ref> In 1919, she became secretary of the Worcester Girls Club, which her mother helped found.<ref name=nyt /> She later became the club's president and in 1945 formed a national organization and served as its first president until 1952.<ref name=nyt /> Johnson died at the age of 95 in a nursing home.<ref name=nyt />


==Local affiliates==
==Local affiliates==
[[File:Girls Inc. in Indianapolis - June 2022 - Sarah Stierch.jpg|thumb|The Indianapolis office of Girls, Inc. of Greater Indiana in June 2022.]]
The first girls club opened in 1864 and has been nationally recognized since 1945. Girls Inc. has a network of local organizations in the United States and Canada. Affiliates are found across the United States and Canada.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.girlsinc.org/findagirlsinc./girls-inc-usa-and-canada.html|title=Girls Inc.: USA and Canada {{!}} Girls Inc.|website=www.girlsinc.org|language=en|access-date=July 31, 2017}}</ref> Girls Inc. recently reached Chicago, launching a Girls Inc. of Chicago local organization.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://abc7chicago.com/society/newsviews-girls-inc-coming-to-chicago/2171625/|title=Newsviews: Girls Inc. coming to Chicago|date=July 1, 2017|work=ABC7 Chicago|access-date=July 31, 2017|language=en-US}}</ref>
The first Girls Club opened in 1864 and has been nationally recognized since 1945. Girls Inc. has a network of local organizations in the United States and Canada. Affiliates are found across the United States and Canada.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.girlsinc.org/findagirlsinc./girls-inc-usa-and-canada.html|title=Girls Inc.: USA and Canada {{!}} Girls Inc.|website=www.girlsinc.org|language=en|access-date=July 31, 2017}}</ref> A local organization was recently launched in Chicago.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://abc7chicago.com/society/newsviews-girls-inc-coming-to-chicago/2171625/|title=Newsviews: Girls Inc. coming to Chicago|date=July 1, 2017|work=ABC7 Chicago|access-date=July 31, 2017|language=en-US}}</ref>


==Governance==
==Governance==
Girls, Inc. is governed by a dual governance structure, composed of the National Council and the National Board.
Girls, Inc. is governed by a dual governance structure, which is made up of the National Council and the National Board. The president and CEO of Girls, Inc. is Stephanie Hull, Prior to joining Girls, Inc., she had been Executive Vice President and Chief Operating Officer at [[Woodrow Wilson National Fellowship Foundation]].<ref name=philanthropy /> She succeeded Judy Vredenburgh, who had been at Girls, Inc. since 2010.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/graphics/2015-how-did-i-get-here/judy-vredenburgh.html|title=How Did I Get Here? Judy Vredenburgh|access-date=July 12, 2017|via=www.bloomberg.com}}</ref>


The National Council generally makes decisions concerning the purpose, goals, and public policies of the organization. Generally there are almost 300 voting members, but rarely do even most of them come to the meeting. They also elect the National Board, the officers of the Council and the Board Development Committee. They also vote to amend the bylaws of the organization, which requires a two-thirds majority. The council meets every two years and at least 75 delegates must be present for the meeting to be called to order 45 days before each council meeting, the agenda and items to be voted upon are sent out.{{citation needed|date=July 2017}}
The National Council, composed of 300 voting members, makes decisions concerning the purpose, goals, and public policies of the organization. They elect the National Board, the officers of the Council and the Board Development Committee. They also vote to amend the bylaws of the organization, which requires a two-thirds majority. The council meets every two years and at least 75 delegates must be present for the meeting to be called to order 45 days before each council meeting, the agenda and items to be voted upon are sent out.{{citation needed|date=July 2017}}<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Girls Inc |date=October 5, 2017 |title=Governance Structure |url=https://girlsinc.org/app/uploads/2017/10/Girls-Inc.-Governance.pdf |website=}}</ref>


The National Board must have at least twenty but no more than forty members. The board includes five officers, eight regional representatives, and up to 27 members at-large. The President/CEO is a voting member of the board. It meets four times a year with the spring meeting being the annual meeting. Eleven members in attendance constitute a quorum. The board acts like the executive committee of a corporation.{{citation needed|date=July 2017}}
The National Board must have between twenty and forty members. The board includes five officers, eight regional representatives, and up to 27 members at-large. The President/CEO is considered a voting member of the board, which meets quarterly, with the spring meeting being the annual meeting. Eleven members in attendance constitute a quorum. The board functions in the same manner as an executive committee of a corporation.<ref name=":0" />

==Advocacy==
A statement by 16 women's rights organizations including Girls, Inc., the [[National Women's Law Center]], the [[National Women's Political Caucus]], [[Legal Momentum]], End Rape on Campus, [[Equal Rights Advocates]], the [[American Association of University Women]], and the [[Women's Sports Foundation]] said that, "as organizations that fight every day for equal opportunities for all women and girls, we speak from experience and expertise when we say that nondiscrimination protections for transgender people—including women and girls who are transgender—are not at odds with women’s equality or well-being, but advance them" and that "we support laws and policies that protect transgender people from discrimination, including in participation in sports, and reject the suggestion that cisgender women and girls benefit from the exclusion of women and girls who happen to be transgender."<ref>{{cite web |url =https://www.aauw.org/app/uploads/2020/02/Statement-from-Womens-Organizations-Supporting-Full-and-Equal-Access-to-Participation-in-Athletics-for-Transgender-People-nsa.pdf |title = Statement of Women’s Rights and Gender Justice Organizations in Support of Full and Equal Access to Participation in Athletics for Transgender People|access-date = 2023-12-11 |date =|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220909140603/https://www.aauw.org/app/uploads/2020/02/Statement-from-Womens-Organizations-Supporting-Full-and-Equal-Access-to-Participation-in-Athletics-for-Transgender-People-nsa.pdf|archivedate=2022-09-09 }}</ref>


== Notable supporters ==
== Notable supporters ==
In September 2006, [[Warren Buffett]] auctioned his [[Lincoln Town Car]] to support Girls Inc. The vehicle sold for $73,200 on [[eBay]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nbcnews.com/id/17139774|title=Warren Buffett, used car salesman?|date=February 13, 2007|work=NBC News|access-date=June 25, 2010}}</ref> In 2015, [[Warren Buffett]] auctioned his Cadillac to support Girls Inc., which sold for $122,500.00 on Proxibid.com.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cnbc.com/2015/02/09/warren-buffett-auctions-off-his-car-want-to-drive-like-a-billionaire.html|title=Want to drive like a billionaire? Here's how|website=CNBC|publisher=CNBC|last1=Rosenfeld|first1=Everett|access-date=August 25, 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://money.cnn.com/2015/02/20/autos/buffett-cadillac-sale/|title=Warren Buffett's Cadillac Sells for $122,500|website=CNN Money|publisher=CNN|last1=Valdez-Dapena|first1=Peter|access-date=August 25, 2015}}</ref>
In September 2006, [[Warren Buffett]] auctioned his [[Lincoln Town Car]] to support Girls Inc. The vehicle sold for $73,200 on [[eBay]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nbcnews.com/id/wbna17139774|title=Warren Buffett, used car salesman?|date=February 13, 2007|work=NBC News|access-date=June 25, 2010}}</ref> In 2015, [[Warren Buffett]] auctioned his Cadillac to support Girls Inc., which sold for $122,500.00 on Proxibid.com.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cnbc.com/2015/02/09/warren-buffett-auctions-off-his-car-want-to-drive-like-a-billionaire.html|title=Want to drive like a billionaire? Here's how|website=CNBC|last1=Rosenfeld|first1=Everett|date=February 9, 2015 |access-date=August 25, 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://money.cnn.com/2015/02/20/autos/buffett-cadillac-sale/|title=Warren Buffett's Cadillac Sells for $122,500|website=CNN Money|publisher=CNN|last1=Valdez-Dapena|first1=Peter|date=February 20, 2015 |access-date=August 25, 2015}}</ref>


In March 2017, [[Hillary Clinton]] was named as the "Champion for Girls" by Girls Inc. at their 2017 New York Luncheon.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://fortune.com/video/2017/03/08/hillary-clinton-girls-inc-luncheon/|title=Hillary Clinton Speaks at the Girls Inc. Luncheon|date=March 8, 2017|work=Fortune|access-date=June 14, 2017|language=en-US}}</ref>
In March 2017, [[Hillary Clinton]] was named as the "Champion for Girls" by Girls Inc. at their 2017 New York Luncheon.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://fortune.com/video/2017/03/08/hillary-clinton-girls-inc-luncheon/|title=Hillary Clinton Speaks at the Girls Inc. Luncheon|date=March 8, 2017|work=Fortune|access-date=June 14, 2017|language=en-US}}</ref>
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In February 2013 the DPR Foundation gave the Girls Inc. of Orange County a $30,000 check. The Girls Inc. organization admired the donation and explained how much of an impact it would make for further purchases.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Nosler|first1=Peter|title=$30,000 Check Presented to Girls Inc. by DPR Foundation|url=https://www.dpr.com/media/blog/grant-presented-girls-inc-dpr-foundation-community-orange-county-check-pre|website=dpr construction|access-date=July 12, 2017}}</ref>
In February 2013 the DPR Foundation gave the Girls Inc. of Orange County a $30,000 check. The Girls Inc. organization admired the donation and explained how much of an impact it would make for further purchases.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Nosler|first1=Peter|title=$30,000 Check Presented to Girls Inc. by DPR Foundation|url=https://www.dpr.com/media/blog/grant-presented-girls-inc-dpr-foundation-community-orange-county-check-pre|website=dpr construction|access-date=July 12, 2017}}</ref>


==Partner companies==
==Partner companies and controversy==
Girls Inc. join in efforts with partner companies that help create positive change for women. The companies do this through selling jewelry to raise money or simply giving donations. Some of Girls Inc.’s partner companies include [[Dove (toiletries)|Dove]], Cummins,<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://girlsinc.org/cummins-inc-partners-girls-inc-accelerate-gender-equality/|title=Cummins, Inc. partners with Girls Inc. to accelerate gender equality|date=April 26, 2018|website=Girls Inc|language=en-US|access-date=May 1, 2019}}</ref> [[Freeform (TV channel)|Freeform]], [[Business Wire]], [[Motorola|Motorola Foundation]], [[American Chemical Society]], [[NPower (USA)|NPower]], [[Adventures of the Mind]], [[Nonprofit VOTE]] and [[Space Sciences Laboratory|Space Science Laboratory]].{{citation needed|date=July 2017}}
Girls Inc. often participate in efforts with partner companies that promote positive change for women, often through events such as raising money through charity sales or donating. Some of Girls Inc.’s partner companies include [[Dove (toiletries)|Dove]], Cummins,<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://girlsinc.org/cummins-inc-partners-girls-inc-accelerate-gender-equality/|title=Cummins, Inc. partners with Girls Inc. to accelerate gender equality|date=April 26, 2018|website=Girls Inc|language=en-US|access-date=May 1, 2019}}</ref> [[Freeform (TV channel)|Freeform]], [[Business Wire]], [[Motorola|Motorola Foundation]], [[American Chemical Society]], [[NPower (USA)|NPower]], [[Adventures of the Mind]], Nonprofit VOTE and [[Space Sciences Laboratory|Space Science Laboratory]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=SMD Education :: Five Stars Pathway: Engaging Girls in Science through Multigenerational Mentors |url=https://smdepo.org/page/5374 |access-date=2022-06-08 |website=smdepo.org}}</ref>


A venture with the [[American Girl (company)|American Girl Dolls]] collection in 2005 generated controversy among fundamentalist Christians. The [[American Family Association]] urged its members to demand that American Girl halt support for Girls Inc., accusing it of being "a pro-abortion, pro-lesbian advocacy group."<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2005/10/16/national/conservative-groups-threaten-to-boycott-a-hit-dolls-maker.html|title=Conservative Groups Threaten to Boycott a Hit Doll's Maker|publisher=[[Associated Press]]|date=October 16, 2005|access-date=April 2, 2019|via=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref>
A venture with the [[American Girl (company)|American Girl Dolls]] collection in 2005 generated controversy among fundamentalist Christians. The [[American Family Association]] urged its members to demand that American Girl halt support for Girls Inc., accusing it of being "a pro-abortion, pro-lesbian advocacy group."<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2005/10/16/national/conservative-groups-threaten-to-boycott-a-hit-dolls-maker.html|title=Conservative Groups Threaten to Boycott a Hit Doll's Maker|publisher=[[Associated Press]]|date=October 16, 2005|access-date=April 2, 2019|via=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref>

==Awards and acknowledgements==
Girls Inc. has received a 4-star rating from [[Charity Navigator]],<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.charitynavigator.org/index.cfm?bay=search.summary&orgid=5904|title=Charity Navigator – Rating for Girls Inc.|website=Charity Navigator|access-date=July 12, 2017}}</ref> and a "Platinum" status from [[GuideStar]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.guidestar.org/profile/13-1915124|title=Girls Incorporated - GuideStar Profile|website=www.guidestar.org|language=en|access-date=July 31, 2017}}</ref>{{primary-inline|date=July 2017}}


==Programs==
==Programs==
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* National Scholars Program - offers scholarships to female high school seniors graduating from affiliate high schools located throughout the U.S. and Canada.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.independent.com/2017/02/14/national-scholar-heads-new-york/|title=National Scholar Heads to New York|newspaper=[[Santa Barbara Independent]]|date=February 14, 2017|access-date=April 2, 2019}}</ref>
* National Scholars Program - offers scholarships to female high school seniors graduating from affiliate high schools located throughout the U.S. and Canada.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.independent.com/2017/02/14/national-scholar-heads-new-york/|title=National Scholar Heads to New York|newspaper=[[Santa Barbara Independent]]|date=February 14, 2017|access-date=April 2, 2019}}</ref>
* Eureka! Program - combines intensive summer camp experiences in STEM ([[Science, technology, engineering, and mathematics]]) with school-year seminars, field trips, speakers, and activities.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://journalstar.com/news/local/girls-inc-hires-new-director-for-lincoln-expansion/article_6e6f173b-a182-53e5-93d4-11bd82cc2647.html|title=Girls Inc. hires new director for Lincoln expansion|newspaper=[[Lincoln Journal Star]]|date=February 1, 2019|access-date=April 2, 2019}}</ref> Launched in 2010 and funded by [[Clinton Foundation]],<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.clintonfoundation.org/clinton-global-initiative/commitments/girls-inc-eureka-stem-career-development-girls|title=Girls Inc. Eureka!: STEM Career Development for Girls|publisher=[[Clinton Foundation]]|year=2019|access-date=April 2, 2019}}</ref> it is supported by several universities and corporations.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.ibj.com/articles/72375-forty-under-40-elyssa-campodonico-barr|title=2019 Forty Under 40: Elyssa Campodonico-Barr|last=Harry|first=Lou|newspaper=[[Indianapolis Business Journal]]|date=February 8, 2019|access-date=April 2, 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://denver.cbslocal.com/2018/12/21/eureka-program-girls-inc-lockheed-martin/|title='Unique Experience': Eureka Program Gives Girls Training For STEM Careers|last=Whitney|first=Lauren|publisher=[[KCNC-TV|CBS4 Denver]]|date=December 21, 2018|access-date=April 2, 2019}}</ref>
* Eureka! Program - combines intensive summer camp experiences in STEM ([[Science, technology, engineering, and mathematics]]) with school-year seminars, field trips, speakers, and activities.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://journalstar.com/news/local/girls-inc-hires-new-director-for-lincoln-expansion/article_6e6f173b-a182-53e5-93d4-11bd82cc2647.html|title=Girls Inc. hires new director for Lincoln expansion|newspaper=[[Lincoln Journal Star]]|date=February 1, 2019|access-date=April 2, 2019}}</ref> Launched in 2010 and funded by [[Clinton Foundation]],<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.clintonfoundation.org/clinton-global-initiative/commitments/girls-inc-eureka-stem-career-development-girls|title=Girls Inc. Eureka!: STEM Career Development for Girls|publisher=[[Clinton Foundation]]|year=2019|access-date=April 2, 2019}}</ref> it is supported by several universities and corporations.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.ibj.com/articles/72375-forty-under-40-elyssa-campodonico-barr|title=2019 Forty Under 40: Elyssa Campodonico-Barr|last=Harry|first=Lou|newspaper=[[Indianapolis Business Journal]]|date=February 8, 2019|access-date=April 2, 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://denver.cbslocal.com/2018/12/21/eureka-program-girls-inc-lockheed-martin/|title='Unique Experience': Eureka Program Gives Girls Training For STEM Careers|last=Whitney|first=Lauren|publisher=[[KCNC-TV|CBS4 Denver]]|date=December 21, 2018|access-date=April 2, 2019}}</ref>
* Economic Literacy - teaches girls about money management and financial independence.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/shenegotiates/2011/08/22/breaking-free-from-economic-abuse-how-women-are-reclaiming-their-financial-freedom/|title=Breaking Free From Economic Abuse: How Women are Reclaiming Their Financial Freedom|last=Axtell|first=Brooke Elise|work=[[Forbes]]|date=August 22, 2011|access-date=April 2, 2019}}</ref>
* Economic Literacy - teaches girls about financial management and independence.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/shenegotiates/2011/08/22/breaking-free-from-economic-abuse-how-women-are-reclaiming-their-financial-freedom/|title=Breaking Free From Economic Abuse: How Women are Reclaiming Their Financial Freedom|last=Axtell|first=Brooke Elise|work=[[Forbes]]|date=August 22, 2011|access-date=April 2, 2019}}</ref>

* Friendly PEERsuasion - helps girls ages 11 to 14 acquire knowledge, skills, and support systems to avoid substance use (harmful substances such as alcohol, tobacco, household chemicals, etc.).<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.ncjrs.gov/pdffiles1/ojjdp/grants/250126.pdf|title=Evaluation of Friendly PEERsuasion|last1=Lunghofer|first1=Lisa|last2=Williams|first2=Weston|year=2016|publisher=[[National Criminal Justice Reference Service]]|access-date=April 2, 2019}}</ref>
== See also ==
* Leadership and Community Action
* [[Bristol Girls' Club]]
* Media Literacy
* [[Eloise B. Houchens Center]]
* Operation SMART
* Preventing [[Teenage pregnancy|Adolescent Pregnancy]]
* Project Bold - a violence-prevention and self-defense program.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.oregonlive.com/playbooks-profits/2014/04/nike_employee_grant_fund_annou.html|title=Nike Employee Grant Fund announces $250,000 in grants for 25 local nonprofits|last=Brettman|first=Allan|newspaper=[[The Oregonian]]|date=April 15, 2014|access-date=April 2, 2019}}</ref>
* Bold Futures - after school mentoring program.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.heraldmailmedia.com/brightside/girls-inc-mentoring-program-shaping-bold-futures/article_745fd701-6231-5cc1-a518-b056afcafacc.html|title=Girls Inc. mentoring program shaping Bold Futures|last=Heim|first=Janet|newspaper=[[The Herald-Mail]]|date=April 1, 2019|access-date=April 2, 2019}}</ref>
* Girls Inc. Sporting Champs


== References ==
== References ==

Latest revision as of 15:23, 3 September 2024

Girls Inc.
Formation1864; 160 years ago (1864)
TypeNon-Profit Organization
Location
OriginsWaterbury, Connecticut
Area served
United States of America
Key people
Stephanie Hull, President & CEO[1]
Revenue8.449 million USD
Websitewww.girlsinc.org
Formerly called
Girls Club of America

Girls Inc. (established in 1864) is an American nonprofit organization which encourages girls to be "Strong, Smart, and Bold" through direct service and advocacy.[2]

History

[edit]

The Girls Inc. (Girls Club of America) movement was founded in 1864 in Waterbury, Connecticut. The organization's mission was to help young women who had migrated from rural communities in search of job opportunities, experiencing upheaval in the aftermath of the Civil War.[3][4] In 1945, fourteen charter Girls Clubs joined together to form a national organization.[5] In 1990 the Girls Club of America changed their name to Girls Incorporated.[5]

Rachel Harris Johnson founded the organization. In 1919, she became secretary of the Worcester Girls Club, which her mother helped found. She later became the club's president and in 1945 formed a national organization and served as its first president until 1952. Johnson died at the age of 95 in a nursing home.[6]

Local affiliates

[edit]
The Indianapolis office of Girls, Inc. of Greater Indiana in June 2022.

The first Girls Club opened in 1864 and has been nationally recognized since 1945. Girls Inc. has a network of local organizations in the United States and Canada. Affiliates are found across the United States and Canada.[7] A local organization was recently launched in Chicago.[8]

Governance

[edit]

Girls, Inc. is governed by a dual governance structure, composed of the National Council and the National Board.

The National Council, composed of 300 voting members, makes decisions concerning the purpose, goals, and public policies of the organization. They elect the National Board, the officers of the Council and the Board Development Committee. They also vote to amend the bylaws of the organization, which requires a two-thirds majority. The council meets every two years and at least 75 delegates must be present for the meeting to be called to order 45 days before each council meeting, the agenda and items to be voted upon are sent out.[citation needed][9]

The National Board must have between twenty and forty members. The board includes five officers, eight regional representatives, and up to 27 members at-large. The President/CEO is considered a voting member of the board, which meets quarterly, with the spring meeting being the annual meeting. Eleven members in attendance constitute a quorum. The board functions in the same manner as an executive committee of a corporation.[9]

Advocacy

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A statement by 16 women's rights organizations including Girls, Inc., the National Women's Law Center, the National Women's Political Caucus, Legal Momentum, End Rape on Campus, Equal Rights Advocates, the American Association of University Women, and the Women's Sports Foundation said that, "as organizations that fight every day for equal opportunities for all women and girls, we speak from experience and expertise when we say that nondiscrimination protections for transgender people—including women and girls who are transgender—are not at odds with women’s equality or well-being, but advance them" and that "we support laws and policies that protect transgender people from discrimination, including in participation in sports, and reject the suggestion that cisgender women and girls benefit from the exclusion of women and girls who happen to be transgender."[10]

Notable supporters

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In September 2006, Warren Buffett auctioned his Lincoln Town Car to support Girls Inc. The vehicle sold for $73,200 on eBay.[11] In 2015, Warren Buffett auctioned his Cadillac to support Girls Inc., which sold for $122,500.00 on Proxibid.com.[12][13]

In March 2017, Hillary Clinton was named as the "Champion for Girls" by Girls Inc. at their 2017 New York Luncheon.[14]

In February 2013 the DPR Foundation gave the Girls Inc. of Orange County a $30,000 check. The Girls Inc. organization admired the donation and explained how much of an impact it would make for further purchases.[15]

Partner companies and controversy

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Girls Inc. often participate in efforts with partner companies that promote positive change for women, often through events such as raising money through charity sales or donating. Some of Girls Inc.’s partner companies include Dove, Cummins,[16] Freeform, Business Wire, Motorola Foundation, American Chemical Society, NPower, Adventures of the Mind, Nonprofit VOTE and Space Science Laboratory.[17]

A venture with the American Girl Dolls collection in 2005 generated controversy among fundamentalist Christians. The American Family Association urged its members to demand that American Girl halt support for Girls Inc., accusing it of being "a pro-abortion, pro-lesbian advocacy group."[18]

Programs

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In 1970s, the organization developed a number of programs in six main areas: 1) careers and life planning, 2) health and sexuality, 3) leadership and community action, 4) sports and adventure, 5) self-reliance and life skills, and 6) culture and heritage.[19] As of 2019, it had the following programs:

  • National Scholars Program - offers scholarships to female high school seniors graduating from affiliate high schools located throughout the U.S. and Canada.[20]
  • Eureka! Program - combines intensive summer camp experiences in STEM (Science, technology, engineering, and mathematics) with school-year seminars, field trips, speakers, and activities.[21] Launched in 2010 and funded by Clinton Foundation,[22] it is supported by several universities and corporations.[23][24]
  • Economic Literacy - teaches girls about financial management and independence.[25]

See also

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References

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  1. ^ Prest, M.J. (March 15, 2019). "Caterpillar Foundation and Girls Inc. Announce New Presidents (Transitions)". philanthropy.com. Retrieved April 2, 2019.
  2. ^ Peppler, Kylie, ed. (2017). "Girl's Programming". The SAGE Encyclopedia of Out-of-School Learning. SAGE Publications. p. 328. ISBN 978-1-4833-8521-1 – via Google Books.
  3. ^ Kimball, Gayle (2017). Brave: Young Women's Global Revolution. Vol. 2. Equality Press. p. 15. ISBN 978-0-938795-57-5 – via Google Books.
  4. ^ Austin, Michael J., ed. (2013). Organizational Histories of Nonprofit Human Service Organizations. Routledge. p. 69. ISBN 978-0-415-62179-3 – via Google Books.
  5. ^ a b Johnston Nicholson, Heather; Maschino, Mary F. (2001). "Strong, Smart, and Bold Girls: The Girls Incorporated Approach to Education". Fordham Urban Law Journal. 29 (2). Retrieved April 2, 2019.
  6. ^ "Rachel H. Johnson, 95; Founder of Girls Clubs". The New York Times. August 10, 1983. Retrieved April 2, 2019.
  7. ^ "Girls Inc.: USA and Canada | Girls Inc". www.girlsinc.org. Retrieved July 31, 2017.
  8. ^ "Newsviews: Girls Inc. coming to Chicago". ABC7 Chicago. July 1, 2017. Retrieved July 31, 2017.
  9. ^ a b Girls Inc (October 5, 2017). "Governance Structure" (PDF).
  10. ^ "Statement of Women's Rights and Gender Justice Organizations in Support of Full and Equal Access to Participation in Athletics for Transgender People" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2022-09-09. Retrieved 2023-12-11.
  11. ^ "Warren Buffett, used car salesman?". NBC News. February 13, 2007. Retrieved June 25, 2010.
  12. ^ Rosenfeld, Everett (February 9, 2015). "Want to drive like a billionaire? Here's how". CNBC. Retrieved August 25, 2015.
  13. ^ Valdez-Dapena, Peter (February 20, 2015). "Warren Buffett's Cadillac Sells for $122,500". CNN Money. CNN. Retrieved August 25, 2015.
  14. ^ "Hillary Clinton Speaks at the Girls Inc. Luncheon". Fortune. March 8, 2017. Retrieved June 14, 2017.
  15. ^ Nosler, Peter. "$30,000 Check Presented to Girls Inc. by DPR Foundation". dpr construction. Retrieved July 12, 2017.
  16. ^ "Cummins, Inc. partners with Girls Inc. to accelerate gender equality". Girls Inc. April 26, 2018. Retrieved May 1, 2019.
  17. ^ "SMD Education :: Five Stars Pathway: Engaging Girls in Science through Multigenerational Mentors". smdepo.org. Retrieved 2022-06-08.
  18. ^ "Conservative Groups Threaten to Boycott a Hit Doll's Maker". Associated Press. October 16, 2005. Retrieved April 2, 2019 – via The New York Times.
  19. ^ Gouin, Rachel (2008). "Girl-Centered Programs". In Mitchell, Claudia; Reid-Walsh, Jacqueline (eds.). Girl Culture: An Encyclopedia. Vol. 1. Greenwood Press. p. 318. ISBN 978-0-313-33909-7 – via Google Books.
  20. ^ "National Scholar Heads to New York". Santa Barbara Independent. February 14, 2017. Retrieved April 2, 2019.
  21. ^ "Girls Inc. hires new director for Lincoln expansion". Lincoln Journal Star. February 1, 2019. Retrieved April 2, 2019.
  22. ^ "Girls Inc. Eureka!: STEM Career Development for Girls". Clinton Foundation. 2019. Retrieved April 2, 2019.
  23. ^ Harry, Lou (February 8, 2019). "2019 Forty Under 40: Elyssa Campodonico-Barr". Indianapolis Business Journal. Retrieved April 2, 2019.
  24. ^ Whitney, Lauren (December 21, 2018). "'Unique Experience': Eureka Program Gives Girls Training For STEM Careers". CBS4 Denver. Retrieved April 2, 2019.
  25. ^ Axtell, Brooke Elise (August 22, 2011). "Breaking Free From Economic Abuse: How Women are Reclaiming Their Financial Freedom". Forbes. Retrieved April 2, 2019.
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