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{{Short description|IS-affiliated news outlet}}
{{Short description|Islamic State-affiliated news outlet}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2017}}
{{Lead too short|date=August 2017}}
{{Lead too short|date=August 2017}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2017}}
{{Infobox website
{{Infobox broadcasting network
| name = Amaq News Agency<br />{{lang|ar|وكالة أعماق الإخبارية}}
| name = Amaq News Agency<br/>{{Nobold|{{lang|ar|وكالة أعماق الإخبارية}}}}
| logo =
| logo = Amaq News Agency logo.svg
| logo_size = 100px
| logo_size = 100px
| launch_date = 2014
| launch_date = {{start date and age|2014|08|14|df=y}}
| founder = Baraa Kadek and others
| available = Active
| founded = [[Islamic State]]
| founder = Baraa Kadek, [[Abu Muhammad al-Furqan]] and others
| type = [[News agency|News service]]
| language = [[Arabic]]
}}
}}
'''Amaq News Agency''' ({{lang-ar|وكالة أعماق الإخبارية}}) is a news outlet linked to the [[Islamic State]] (IS). Amaq publishes news reports about claims of responsibility for terrorist attacks in Western countries. It is often the "first point of publication for claims of responsibility" by the Islamic State.<ref name="NYT">{{Cite news |title=A News Agency With Scoops Directly From ISIS, and a Veneer of Objectivity |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2016/01/15/world/middleeast/a-news-agency-with-scoops-directly-from-isis-and-a-veneer-of-objectivity.html |newspaper=[[The New York Times]] |date=14 January 2016 |access-date=5 August 2016 |first=Rukmini |last=Callimachi |author-link=Rukmini Callimachi |page=10}}</ref> In March 2019, Amaq News Agency was designated as a Foreign Terrorist Organization by the US Department of State.<ref>{{cite web |title=Amendments to the Terrorist Designations of the Islamic State of Iraq and Syria |url=https://ge.usembassy.gov/amendments-to-the-terrorist-designations-of-the-islamic-state-of-iraq-and-syria-march-21/ |publisher=U.S. Embassy in Georgia |access-date=29 April 2022}}</ref>
'''Amaq News Agency''' ({{langx|ar|وكالة أعماق الإخبارية|lit=|translit=Wakālat Aʻmāq al-Ikhbārīyah}}) is a news outlet linked to the [[Islamic State]] (IS). Amaq is often the "first point of publication for claims of responsibility" for terrorist attacks in Western countries by the Islamic State.<ref name="NYT">{{Cite news |title=A News Agency With Scoops Directly From ISIS, and a Veneer of Objectivity |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2016/01/15/world/middleeast/a-news-agency-with-scoops-directly-from-isis-and-a-veneer-of-objectivity.html |newspaper=[[The New York Times]] |date=14 January 2016 |access-date=5 August 2016 |first=Rukmini |last=Callimachi |author-link=Rukmini Callimachi |page=10}}</ref> In March 2019, Amaq News Agency was designated as a foreign terrorist organization by the [[United States Department of State]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Amendments to the Terrorist Designations of the Islamic State of Iraq and Syria |date=21 March 2019 |url=https://ge.usembassy.gov/amendments-to-the-terrorist-designations-of-the-islamic-state-of-iraq-and-syria-march-21/ |publisher=U.S. Embassy in Georgia |access-date=29 April 2022}}</ref>


== History ==
== History ==
Among the founders of Amaq was Syrian journalist Baraa Kadek, who joined ISIL in late 2013,<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.lemonde.fr/syrie/article/2017/05/31/un-fondateur-d-aamaq-l-agence-de-propagande-de-l-ei-tue-en-syrie_5136836_1618247.html |title=Un fondateur d'Aamaq, l'agence de propagande de l'EI, tué en Syrie |date=31 May 2017 |newspaper=[[Le Monde]] |author=AFP |author-link=Agence France-Presse |access-date=11 July 2019}}</ref> and seven others who originally worked for Halab News Network.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://it.notizie.yahoo.com/siria-fondatore-agenzia-ufficiale-isis-amaq-ucciso-raid-151213768.html |title=Siria, fondatore agenzia ufficiale Isis "Amaq" ucciso in raid Usa |language=it |author=Askanews |author-link=Askanews.it |access-date=19 August 2017 |date=31 May 2017 |work=[[Yahoo! News|Yahoo! Notizie]] |publisher=[[Yahoo!]]}}</ref> According to ''[[The New York Times]]'', it has "a direct connection with ISIS", from which it "gets tips".<ref name="NYT" /> Its name was taken from [[Amik Valley]] in [[Hatay Province]], which is mentioned in a [[hadith]] as the site of an "apocalyptic victory over non-believers".<ref>{{cite news |url=https://eng-archive.aawsat.com/asharq-al-awsat-english/world-news/amaq-247-news-agency-run-isis |title=Amaq – 24/7 News Agency Run by ISIS |newspaper=[[Asharq Al-Awsat]] |date=26 March 2016 |access-date=11 July 2019}}</ref>
Among the founders of Amaq was Syrian journalist Baraa Kadek, who joined IS in late 2013,<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.lemonde.fr/syrie/article/2017/05/31/un-fondateur-d-aamaq-l-agence-de-propagande-de-l-ei-tue-en-syrie_5136836_1618247.html |title=Un fondateur d'Aamaq, l'agence de propagande de l'EI, tué en Syrie |date=31 May 2017 |newspaper=[[Le Monde]] |author=AFP |author-link=Agence France-Presse |access-date=11 July 2019}}</ref> [[Abu Muhammad al-Furqan]], and seven others who originally worked for Halab News Network.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://it.notizie.yahoo.com/siria-fondatore-agenzia-ufficiale-isis-amaq-ucciso-raid-151213768.html |title=Siria, fondatore agenzia ufficiale Isis "Amaq" ucciso in raid Usa |language=it |author=Askanews |author-link=Askanews.it |access-date=19 August 2017 |date=31 May 2017 |work=[[Yahoo! News|Yahoo! Notizie]] |publisher=[[Yahoo!]]}}</ref> According to ''[[The New York Times]]'', it has a direct connection with IS, from which it "gets tips".<ref name="NYT" /> Its name was taken from [[Amik Valley]] in [[Hatay Province]], which is mentioned in a [[hadith]] as the site of an "apocalyptic victory over non-believers".<ref>{{cite news |url=https://eng-archive.aawsat.com/asharq-al-awsat-english/world-news/amaq-247-news-agency-run-isis |title=Amaq – 24/7 News Agency Run by ISIS |newspaper=[[Asharq Al-Awsat]] |date=26 March 2016 |access-date=11 July 2019}}</ref>

Amaq News Agency was first noticed by [[SITE Intelligence Group|SITE]] during the [[Siege of Kobanî]] (Syria) in 2014, when its updates were shared among IS fighters.<ref name="NYT" /> It became more widely known after it began reporting claims of responsibility for terrorist attacks in Western countries, such as the [[2015 San Bernardino attack]], for which IS officially claimed responsibility the next day.<ref name="NYT" /> An Amaq cameraman shot the first footage of the [[Palmyra offensive (May 2015)|capture of Palmyra in 2015]].<ref name="NYT" />

Amaq launched an official [[mobile app]] in 2015 and has warned against unofficial versions that reportedly have been used to [[spying|spy]] on its users.<ref name="fake">{{cite news |title=Islamic State: Fake version of Isis Amaq news app is spying on its supporters |url=http://www.ibtimes.co.uk/islamic-state-fake-version-isis-news-app-amaq-android-spying-its-supporters-1563313 |newspaper=[[International Business Times]] |date=2 June 2016 |first=Mary-Ann |last=Russon |access-date=11 July 2019}}</ref> It also uses a [[Telegram (messaging service)|Telegram]] account.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://in.reuters.com/article/europe-attacks-nice-claim-idINKCN0ZW0GS |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160717161349/http://in.reuters.com/article/europe-attacks-nice-claim-idINKCN0ZW0GS |url-status=dead |archive-date=17 July 2016 |title=Islamic State claims responsibility for Nice attack – Amaq news agency |work=[[Reuters]] |access-date=19 August 2017 |first1=Omar |last1=Fahmy |first2=Eric |last2=Knecht |editor-first=David |editor-last=Clarke |publisher=The [[Thomson Reuters]] Trust Principles |date=16 July 2016}}</ref> It had a [[WordPress]]-based blog, but it was removed without explanation in April 2016.<ref name="fake" />


On 12 June 2016, IS claimed responsibility for the [[Pulse nightclub shooting]] through Amaq, without prior knowledge of the attack.<ref>{{cite news |title=READ: Official ISIS Statement on Orlando Terror Attack by Amaq News Agency |url=http://heavy.com/news/2016/06/official-isis-islamic-state-statement-about-orlando-florida-terrorist-terrorism-attack-shooting-omar-mateen-lone-wolf-attack-amaq-news/ |access-date=March 24, 2024 |publisher=Heavy |date=June 12, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160613065514/http://heavy.com/news/2016/06/official-isis-islamic-state-statement-about-orlando-florida-terrorist-terrorism-attack-shooting-omar-mateen-lone-wolf-attack-amaq-news/ |archive-date=June 13, 2016 |url-status=live}}</ref> The shooter, [[Omar Mateen]] had later [[Bay'ah|pledged allegiance]] to IS via a [[911 (emergency telephone number)|phone call with emergency services]].<ref>{{cite news |last1=Tsukayama |first1=Hayley |last2=Berman |first2=Mark |last3=Markon |first3=Jerry |date=June 13, 2016 |title=Gunman who killed 49 in Orlando nightclub had pledged allegiance to ISIS |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/post-nation/wp/2016/06/12/orlando-nightclub-shooting-about-20-dead-in-domestic-terror-incident-at-gay-club/ |newspaper=The Washington Post |access-date=March 24, 2024 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160615021024/https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/post-nation/wp/2016/06/12/orlando-nightclub-shooting-about-20-dead-in-domestic-terror-incident-at-gay-club/ |archive-date=June 15, 2016}}</ref>
Amaq News Agency was first noticed by [[SITE Intelligence Group|SITE]] during the [[Siege of Kobanî]] (Syria) in 2014, when its updates were shared among ISIL fighters.<ref name="NYT" /> It became more widely known after it began reporting claims of responsibility for terrorist attacks in Western countries, such as the [[2015 San Bernardino attack]], for which ISIL officially claimed responsibility the next day.<ref name="NYT" /> An Amaq cameraman shot the first footage of the [[Palmyra offensive (May 2015)|capture of Palmyra in 2015]].<ref name="NYT" />


On 31 May 2017, a Facebook post announced Amaq's founder, Baraa Kadek AKA Rayan Meshaal, had been killed with his daughter by an American airstrike on [[Mayadin]].<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.rferl.org/a/founder-islamic-state-news-agency-amaq-meshaal-reported-killed-us-air-strike/28524043.html |title=Founder Of Islamic State News Agency Reported Killed In U.S. Air Strike |date=2 June 2017 |access-date=11 July 2019 |work=[[RFE/RL]]}}</ref> The post was reportedly made by his younger brother.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.newsweek.com/us-coalition-kills-founder-isis-news-agency-amaq-airstrike-618693 |title=ISIS News Agency Amaq Founder 'Killed in U.S. Coalition Strike' |first=Jack |last=Moore |date=6 January 2017 |access-date=11 July 2019 |magazine=[[Newsweek]]}}</ref> [[Reuters]] could not immediately verify this account.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2017/05/31/us-led-coalition-strike-kills-founder-islamic-state-media-outlet/ |title=US-led coalition strike 'kills founder of Islamic State media outlet Amaq' |newspaper=[[Telegraph (newspaper)|Telegraph]] |access-date=19 August 2017 |author-link=Reuters News Agency |date=31 May 2017 |publisher=[[Telegraph Media Group Limited]]}}</ref> On 27 July 2017, the US confirmed that Kadek had been killed by a coalition airstrike near Mayadin between 25 and 27 May 2017.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.centcom.mil/MEDIA/PRESS-RELEASES/Press-Release-View/Article/1259744/coalition-removes-isis-leaders-from-battlefield/ |title=Coalition removes ISIS leaders from battlefield |work=[[U.S. Central Command]] |date=27 July 2017 |access-date=11 July 2019}}</ref>
Amaq launched an official [[mobile app]] in 2015 and has warned against unofficial versions that reportedly have been used to [[spying|spy]] on its users.<ref name="fake">{{cite news |title=Islamic State: Fake version of Isis Amaq news app is spying on its supporters |url=http://www.ibtimes.co.uk/islamic-state-fake-version-isis-news-app-amaq-android-spying-its-supporters-1563313 |newspaper=[[International Business Times]] |date=2 June 2016 |first=Mary-Ann |last=Russon |access-date=11 July 2019}}</ref> It also uses a [[Telegram (messaging service)|Telegram]] account.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://in.reuters.com/article/europe-attacks-nice-claim-idINKCN0ZW0GS |title=Islamic State claims responsibility for Nice attack – Amaq news agency |work=[[Reuters]] |access-date=19 August 2017 |first1=Omar |last1=Fahmy |first2=Eric |last2=Knecht |editor-first=David |editor-last=Clarke |publisher=The [[Thomson Reuters]] Trust Principles |date=16 July 2016}}</ref> It had a [[WordPress]]-based blog, but it was removed without explanation in April 2016.<ref name="fake" />


In June 2017, German police arrested a 23-year-old Syrian man identified only as Mohammed G., accusing him of communicating with the alleged perpetrator of the [[2016 Malmö Muslim community centre arson]] in order to report to Amaq.<ref name="Kallamachi" /><ref name="Dearden">{{cite news |last=Dearden |first=Lizzie |title=Isis propagandist who linked terrorists with Amaq 'news agency' arrested in Germany |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/europe/isis-amaq-agency-claim-responsibility-attacks-member-arrested-germany-mohammed-g-syrian-latest-a7782586.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170609185241/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/europe/isis-amaq-agency-claim-responsibility-attacks-member-arrested-germany-mohammed-g-syrian-latest-a7782586.html |archive-date=2017-06-09 |url-access=limited |url-status=live |access-date=11 July 2017 |newspaper=[[The Independent]] |date=9 June 2017}}</ref>
On 31 May 2017, a Facebook post announced Amaq's founder, Baraa Kadek AKA Rayan Meshaal, had been killed with his daughter by an American airstrike on [[Mayadin]].<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.rferl.org/a/founder-islamic-state-news-agency-amaq-meshaal-reported-killed-us-air-strike/28524043.html |title=Founder Of Islamic State News Agency Reported Killed In U.S. Air Strike |date=2 June 2017 |access-date=11 July 2019 |work=[[RFE/RL]]}}</ref> The post was reportedly made by his younger brother.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.newsweek.com/us-coalition-kills-founder-isis-news-agency-amaq-airstrike-618693 |title=ISIS News Agency Amaq Founder 'Killed in U.S. Coalition Strike' |first=Jack |last=Moore |date=6 January 2017 |access-date=11 July 2019 |magazine=[[Newsweek]]}}</ref> [[Reuters]] could not immediately verify this account.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2017/05/31/us-led-coalition-strike-kills-founder-islamic-state-media-outlet/ |title=US-led coalition strike 'kills founder of Islamic State media outlet Amaq' |newspaper=[[Telegraph (newspaper)|Telegraph]] |access-date=19 August 2017 |author=Reuters News Agency |author-link=Reuters News Agency |date=31 May 2017 |publisher=[[Telegraph Media Group Limited]]}}</ref> On 27 July 2017, the US confirmed that Kadek had been killed by a coalition airstrike near Mayadin between 25 and 27 May 2017.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.centcom.mil/MEDIA/PRESS-RELEASES/Press-Release-View/Article/1259744/coalition-removes-isis-leaders-from-battlefield/ |title=Coalition removes ISIS leaders from battlefield |work=[[U.S. Central Command]] |date=27 July 2017 |access-date=11 July 2019}}</ref>


On 21 March 2019, the U.S. Department of State officially deemed Amaq an alias of IS, and thus a [[Foreign Terrorist Organization]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Amendments to the Terrorist Designations of the Islamic State of Iraq and Syria |date=21 March 2019 |url=https://ge.usembassy.gov/amendments-to-the-terrorist-designations-of-the-islamic-state-of-iraq-and-syria-march-21/ |publisher=U.S. Embassy in Georgia |access-date=29 April 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.state.gov/r/pa/prs/ps/2019/03/290548.htm |title=Amendments to the Terrorist Designations of the Islamic State of Iraq and Syria |work=[[United States Department of State]] |date=21 March 2019 |access-date=11 July 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190414185705/https://www.state.gov/r/pa/prs/ps/2019/03/290548.htm |archive-date=14 April 2019 |publisher=[[Bureau of Public Affairs]] |url-status=live }}</ref>
In June 2017, German police arrested a 23-year-old Syrian man identified only as Mohammed G., accusing him of communicating with the alleged perpetrator of the [[2016 Malmö Muslim community centre arson]] in order to report to Amaq.<ref name="Kallamachi" /><ref name="Dearden">{{cite news |last=Dearden |first=Lizzie |title=Isis propagandist who linked terrorists with Amaq 'news agency' arrested in Germany |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/europe/isis-amaq-agency-claim-responsibility-attacks-member-arrested-germany-mohammed-g-syrian-latest-a7782586.html |access-date=11 July 2017 |newspaper=[[The Independent]] |date=9 June 2017}}</ref>


On 22 March 2024, the [[Islamic State – Khorasan Province]] claimed responsibility for the [[Crocus City Hall attack]] through Amaq, U.S. officials confirmed the claim shortly after.<ref>{{Cite web |last=S.A |first=Telewizja Polska |title=ISIS claims responsibility for attack near Moscow |url=https://tvpworld.com/76576602/isis-claims-responsibility-for-attack-near-moscow |access-date=2024-03-22 |website=tvpworld.com |language=pl}}</ref> A day after the attack, Amaq published a video of the attack, filmed by one of the attackers. It showed the attackers shooting victims and slitting the throat of a victim, while the filming attacker [[Allah#As a loanword|praises Allah]] and speaks against [[Kafir|infidels]].<ref name="Amaq video">{{Cite news |date=23 March 2024 |title=Atentado en Moscú: ISIS-K difundió un escalofriante video del ataque desde adentro con gritos de "Alá es grande" |trans-title=Attack in Moscow: ISIS-K released a chilling video of the attack from inside with shouts of "Allah is great" |url=https://www.clarin.com/mundo/atentado-moscu-isis-k-difundio-escalofriante-video-ataque-adentro-gritos-ala-grande_0_2hfxIkC2ao.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240324005211/https://www.clarin.com/mundo/atentado-moscu-isis-k-difundio-escalofriante-video-ataque-adentro-gritos-ala-grande_0_2hfxIkC2ao.html |archive-date=24 March 2024 |work=[[Clarín (Argentine newspaper)|Clarin]] |language=es}}</ref><ref name="Guardian-24">{{cite news |last1=Roth |first1=Andrew |title=New Islamic State videos back claim it carried out Moscow concert hall attack |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2024/mar/24/new-islamic-state-videos-back-claim-it-carried-out-moscow-concert-hall-attack |access-date=25 March 2024 |work=the Guardian |publisher=Guardian News & Media |date=24 March 2024 |archive-date=24 March 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240324131035/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2024/mar/24/new-islamic-state-videos-back-claim-it-carried-out-moscow-concert-hall-attack |url-status=live }}</ref>
On 21 March 2019, the U.S. Department of State officially deemed Amaq an alias of IS, and thus a [[Foreign Terrorist Organization]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Amendments to the Terrorist Designations of the Islamic State of Iraq and Syria |url=https://ge.usembassy.gov/amendments-to-the-terrorist-designations-of-the-islamic-state-of-iraq-and-syria-march-21/ |publisher=U.S. Embassy in Georgia |access-date=29 April 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.state.gov/r/pa/prs/ps/2019/03/290548.htm |title=Amendments to the Terrorist Designations of the Islamic State of Iraq and Syria |work=[[United States Department of State]] |date=21 March 2019 |access-date=11 July 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190414185705/https://www.state.gov/r/pa/prs/ps/2019/03/290548.htm |archive-date=14 April 2019 |publisher=[[Bureau of Public Affairs]] |url-status=live }}</ref>


== Character ==
== Character ==
Amaq publishes a stream of short news reports, both text and video, on the [[mobile app]] [[Telegram (software)|Telegram]]. The reports take on the trappings of mainstream journalism, with "Breaking News" headings, and [[Embedded journalism|embedded reporters]] at the scenes of ISIL battles. The reports try to appear neutral, toning down the jihadist language and sectarian slurs ISIL uses in its official releases.<ref name="NYT" />
Amaq publishes a stream of short news reports, both text and video, on the [[mobile app]] [[Telegram (software)|Telegram]]. The reports take on the trappings of mainstream journalism, with "Breaking News" headings, and [[Embedded journalism|embedded reporters]] at the scenes of IS battles. The reports try to appear neutral, toning down the jihadist language and sectarian slurs IS uses in its official releases.<ref name="NYT" />


Charlie Winter of the Transcultural Conflict and Violence Initiative at [[Georgia State University]], and [[Rita Katz]] of [[SITE Intelligence Group]] in Washington say Amaq functions much like the state-owned news agency of ISIL, though the group does not acknowledge it as such. Katz said it behaves "like a state media. ISIS sees themselves as a state, as a country—and a country needs to have its own media".<ref name="NYT" /> Amaq appears to have been created, or allowed to develop, by ISIS as a way to have a news outlet that is controlled by the group but is somewhat removed from it, giving ISIL more of the appearance of legitimacy.<ref name="NYT" />
Charlie Winter of the Transcultural Conflict and Violence Initiative at [[Georgia State University]], and [[Rita Katz]] of [[SITE Intelligence Group]] in Washington say Amaq functions much like the state-owned news agency of IS, though the group does not acknowledge it as such. Katz said it behaves "like a state media".<ref name="NYT" /> Amaq appears to have been allowed to develop by IS as a way to have a news outlet that is controlled by the group but is somewhat removed from it, giving IS more of the appearance of legitimacy.<ref name="NYT" />


== Reliability ==
== Reliability ==
{{Over-quotation|section|date=December 2018}}
{{Over-quotation|section|date=December 2018}}


According to [[Rukmini Maria Callimachi|Rukmini Callimachi]] in ''[[The New York Times]]'': "Despite a widespread view that the Islamic State opportunistically claims attacks with which it has little genuine connection, its track record—minus a handful of exceptions—suggests a more rigorous protocol. At times, the Islamic State has gotten details wrong, or inflated casualty figures, but the gist of its claims is typically correct." According to Callimachi, the group considers itself responsible for acts carried out by people who were inspired by its propaganda, as well as acts carried out by its own personnel and in some instances, had claimed attacks before the identities of the killers were known.<ref name="Kallamachi">{{cite news|last1=Kallimachi|first1=Rukmini|title=Syrian Accused of Working for ISIS News Agency Is Arrested in Germany|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2017/06/08/world/europe/syrian-accused-of-working-for-isis-news-agency-is-arrested-in-germany.html?_r=0|access-date=9 June 2017|newspaper=[[The New York Times]]|date=8 June 2017}}</ref>
According to [[Rukmini Maria Callimachi|Rukmini Callimachi]] in ''[[The New York Times]]'': "Despite a widespread view that the Islamic State opportunistically claims attacks with which it has little genuine connection, its track record—minus a handful of exceptions—suggests a more rigorous protocol. At times, the Islamic State has got details wrong, or inflated casualty figures, but the gist of its claims is typically correct." According to Callimachi, the group considers itself responsible for acts carried out by people who were inspired by its propaganda, as well as acts carried out by its own personnel and in some instances, had claimed attacks before the identities of the killers were known.<ref name="Kallamachi">{{cite news|last1=Kallimachi|first1=Rukmini|title=Syrian Accused of Working for ISIS News Agency Is Arrested in Germany|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2017/06/08/world/europe/syrian-accused-of-working-for-isis-news-agency-is-arrested-in-germany.html?_r=0|access-date=9 June 2017|newspaper=[[The New York Times]]|date=8 June 2017}}</ref>


[[Graeme Wood (journalist)|Graeme Wood]] writing in ''[[The Atlantic]]'' in October 2017, wrote "The idea that the Islamic State simply scans the news in search of mass killings, then sends out press releases in hope of stealing glory, is false. Amaq may learn details of the attacks from mainstream media … but its claim of credit typically flows from an Amaq-specific source."<ref name="WoodShooting">{{cite news|last1=Wood|first1=Graeme|title=Why Did the Islamic State Claim the Las Vegas Shooting?|url=https://www.theatlantic.com/international/archive/2017/10/isis-amaq-las-vegas/541746/|access-date=2 October 2017|work=The Atlantic|date=2 October 2017}}</ref>
[[Graeme Wood (journalist)|Graeme Wood]] writing in ''[[The Atlantic]]'' in October 2017, wrote "The idea that the Islamic State simply scans the news in search of mass killings, then sends out press releases in hope of stealing glory, is false. Amaq may learn details of the attacks from mainstream media … but its claim of credit typically flows from an Amaq-specific source."<ref name="WoodShooting">{{cite news|last1=Wood|first1=Graeme|title=Why Did the Islamic State Claim the Las Vegas Shooting?|url=https://www.theatlantic.com/international/archive/2017/10/isis-amaq-las-vegas/541746/|access-date=2 October 2017|work=The Atlantic|date=2 October 2017}}</ref>


An October 2017 article in ''[[The Hill (newspaper)|The Hill]]'', points to two false claims made in the summer of 2017, the [[2017 Resorts World Manila attack|Resorts World Manila attack]] and a false claim that bombs had been planted at [[Charles de Gaulle Airport]] in Paris. Also, a claimed ISIS connection to the [[2017 Las Vegas shooting]] proved to be false.<ref name="WilliamsAttack">{{cite news|url=http://thehill.com/policy/national-security/353518-terror-experts-puzzled-by-isis-claim-in-las-vegas-attack|title=Terror experts puzzled by ISIS claim in Las Vegas attack|last1=Williams|first1=Katie Bo|date=2 October 2017|access-date=3 October 2017|work=[[The Hill (newspaper)|The Hill]]}}</ref>
An October 2017 article in ''[[The Hill (newspaper)|The Hill]]'', points to two false claims made in the summer of 2017, the [[2017 Resorts World Manila attack|Resorts World Manila attack]] and a false claim that bombs had been planted at [[Charles de Gaulle Airport]] in Paris. Also, a claimed IS connection to the [[2017 Las Vegas shooting]] proved to be false.<ref name="WilliamsAttack">{{cite news|url=https://thehill.com/policy/national-security/353518-terror-experts-puzzled-by-isis-claim-in-las-vegas-attack/|title=Terror experts puzzled by ISIS claim in Las Vegas attack|last1=Williams|first1=Katie Bo|date=2 October 2017|access-date=3 October 2017|work=[[The Hill (newspaper)|The Hill]]}}</ref>
According to Rita Katz on the [[SITE Intelligence Group]] website, calling a terrorist a "soldier of the caliphate (warrior from the caliphate)" in a statement issued by Amaq, was the usual way in which ISIS indicated that it inspired an attack.<ref name="KatzISIScomment">{{cite news|last1=Katz|first1=Rita|title=Is ISIS' Comment on the Manhattan Attack Out of the Ordinary? Not Really|url=https://news.siteintelgroup.com/blog/index.php/categories/jihad/entry/432-is-isis%E2%80%99-comment-on-the-manhattan-attack-out-of-the-ordinary-not-really|access-date=8 November 2017|publisher=SITE Intelligence Group|date=6 November 2017}}</ref> Centrally coordinated attacks were usually described as "executed by a detachment belonging to the Islamic State", and were often announced by both Amaq and by ISIS' central media command.<ref name="KatzISIScomment" />
According to Rita Katz on the [[SITE Intelligence Group]] website, calling a terrorist a "soldier of the caliphate (warrior from the caliphate)" in a statement issued by Amaq, was the usual way in which IS indicated that it inspired an attack.<ref name="KatzISIScomment">{{cite news|last1=Katz|first1=Rita|title=Is ISIS' Comment on the Manhattan Attack Out of the Ordinary? Not Really|url=https://news.siteintelgroup.com/blog/index.php/categories/jihad/entry/432-is-isis%E2%80%99-comment-on-the-manhattan-attack-out-of-the-ordinary-not-really|access-date=8 November 2017|publisher=SITE Intelligence Group|date=6 November 2017}}</ref> Centrally coordinated attacks were usually described as "executed by a detachment belonging to the Islamic State", and were often announced by both Amaq and by IS' central media command.<ref name="KatzISIScomment" />


== Online presence ==
== Online presence ==
In November 2019, Belgian police said they had carried out a successful [[cyberattack]] on Amaq, thus leaving IS without an operational communication channel. <ref>{{cite news |last1=De Jaegere |first1=Arne |last2=Grommen |first2=Stefan |date=25 November 2019 |title=Na geslaagde cyberaanval door Belgische politie: "Terreurgroep IS volledig uitgeschakeld op het internet" |trans-title=After successful cyberattack by Belgian police: "Terror group ISIL completely disabled on the internet" |url=https://www.vrt.be/vrtnws/nl/2019/11/25/europol/ |access-date=25 November 2019 |publisher=[[Vrtnws.be]] |location=[[Brussels]] |language=nl}}</ref> However, Amaq has since regained online presence, primarily on [[dark web]] platforms to make it harder for law enforcement to take them down without physical access to the server hosting the specific platform.{{cn|date=July 2024}}
In November 2019, Belgian police claimed to have carried out a successful [[cyberattack]] on Amaq's on-line presence, thus leaving ISIL without an operational communication channel.<ref>{{cite news
| last1 = De Jaegere
| first1 = Arne
| last2 = Grommen
| first2 = Stefan
| date = 25 November 2019
| title = Na geslaagde cyberaanval door Belgische politie: "Terreurgroep IS volledig uitgeschakeld op het internet"
| trans-title = After successful cyberattack by Belgian police: "Terror group ISIL completely disabled on the internet"
| url = https://www.vrt.be/vrtnws/nl/2019/11/25/europol/
| language = nl
| publisher = [[Vrtnws.be]]
| location = [[Brussels]]
| access-date = 25 November 2019
}}</ref>


== References ==
== References ==

Latest revision as of 08:47, 25 October 2024

Amaq News Agency
وكالة أعماق الإخبارية
TypeNews service
AvailabilityActive
FoundedIslamic State
by Baraa Kadek, Abu Muhammad al-Furqan and others
Launch date
14 August 2014; 10 years ago (2014-08-14)
LanguageArabic

Amaq News Agency (Arabic: وكالة أعماق الإخبارية, romanizedWakālat Aʻmāq al-Ikhbārīyah) is a news outlet linked to the Islamic State (IS). Amaq is often the "first point of publication for claims of responsibility" for terrorist attacks in Western countries by the Islamic State.[1] In March 2019, Amaq News Agency was designated as a foreign terrorist organization by the United States Department of State.[2]

History

[edit]

Among the founders of Amaq was Syrian journalist Baraa Kadek, who joined IS in late 2013,[3] Abu Muhammad al-Furqan, and seven others who originally worked for Halab News Network.[4] According to The New York Times, it has a direct connection with IS, from which it "gets tips".[1] Its name was taken from Amik Valley in Hatay Province, which is mentioned in a hadith as the site of an "apocalyptic victory over non-believers".[5]

Amaq News Agency was first noticed by SITE during the Siege of Kobanî (Syria) in 2014, when its updates were shared among IS fighters.[1] It became more widely known after it began reporting claims of responsibility for terrorist attacks in Western countries, such as the 2015 San Bernardino attack, for which IS officially claimed responsibility the next day.[1] An Amaq cameraman shot the first footage of the capture of Palmyra in 2015.[1]

Amaq launched an official mobile app in 2015 and has warned against unofficial versions that reportedly have been used to spy on its users.[6] It also uses a Telegram account.[7] It had a WordPress-based blog, but it was removed without explanation in April 2016.[6]

On 12 June 2016, IS claimed responsibility for the Pulse nightclub shooting through Amaq, without prior knowledge of the attack.[8] The shooter, Omar Mateen had later pledged allegiance to IS via a phone call with emergency services.[9]

On 31 May 2017, a Facebook post announced Amaq's founder, Baraa Kadek AKA Rayan Meshaal, had been killed with his daughter by an American airstrike on Mayadin.[10] The post was reportedly made by his younger brother.[11] Reuters could not immediately verify this account.[12] On 27 July 2017, the US confirmed that Kadek had been killed by a coalition airstrike near Mayadin between 25 and 27 May 2017.[13]

In June 2017, German police arrested a 23-year-old Syrian man identified only as Mohammed G., accusing him of communicating with the alleged perpetrator of the 2016 Malmö Muslim community centre arson in order to report to Amaq.[14][15]

On 21 March 2019, the U.S. Department of State officially deemed Amaq an alias of IS, and thus a Foreign Terrorist Organization.[16][17]

On 22 March 2024, the Islamic State – Khorasan Province claimed responsibility for the Crocus City Hall attack through Amaq, U.S. officials confirmed the claim shortly after.[18] A day after the attack, Amaq published a video of the attack, filmed by one of the attackers. It showed the attackers shooting victims and slitting the throat of a victim, while the filming attacker praises Allah and speaks against infidels.[19][20]

Character

[edit]

Amaq publishes a stream of short news reports, both text and video, on the mobile app Telegram. The reports take on the trappings of mainstream journalism, with "Breaking News" headings, and embedded reporters at the scenes of IS battles. The reports try to appear neutral, toning down the jihadist language and sectarian slurs IS uses in its official releases.[1]

Charlie Winter of the Transcultural Conflict and Violence Initiative at Georgia State University, and Rita Katz of SITE Intelligence Group in Washington say Amaq functions much like the state-owned news agency of IS, though the group does not acknowledge it as such. Katz said it behaves "like a state media".[1] Amaq appears to have been allowed to develop by IS as a way to have a news outlet that is controlled by the group but is somewhat removed from it, giving IS more of the appearance of legitimacy.[1]

Reliability

[edit]

According to Rukmini Callimachi in The New York Times: "Despite a widespread view that the Islamic State opportunistically claims attacks with which it has little genuine connection, its track record—minus a handful of exceptions—suggests a more rigorous protocol. At times, the Islamic State has got details wrong, or inflated casualty figures, but the gist of its claims is typically correct." According to Callimachi, the group considers itself responsible for acts carried out by people who were inspired by its propaganda, as well as acts carried out by its own personnel and in some instances, had claimed attacks before the identities of the killers were known.[14]

Graeme Wood writing in The Atlantic in October 2017, wrote "The idea that the Islamic State simply scans the news in search of mass killings, then sends out press releases in hope of stealing glory, is false. Amaq may learn details of the attacks from mainstream media … but its claim of credit typically flows from an Amaq-specific source."[21]

An October 2017 article in The Hill, points to two false claims made in the summer of 2017, the Resorts World Manila attack and a false claim that bombs had been planted at Charles de Gaulle Airport in Paris. Also, a claimed IS connection to the 2017 Las Vegas shooting proved to be false.[22]

According to Rita Katz on the SITE Intelligence Group website, calling a terrorist a "soldier of the caliphate (warrior from the caliphate)" in a statement issued by Amaq, was the usual way in which IS indicated that it inspired an attack.[23] Centrally coordinated attacks were usually described as "executed by a detachment belonging to the Islamic State", and were often announced by both Amaq and by IS' central media command.[23]

Online presence

[edit]

In November 2019, Belgian police said they had carried out a successful cyberattack on Amaq, thus leaving IS without an operational communication channel. [24] However, Amaq has since regained online presence, primarily on dark web platforms to make it harder for law enforcement to take them down without physical access to the server hosting the specific platform.[citation needed]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b c d e f g h Callimachi, Rukmini (14 January 2016). "A News Agency With Scoops Directly From ISIS, and a Veneer of Objectivity". The New York Times. p. 10. Retrieved 5 August 2016.
  2. ^ "Amendments to the Terrorist Designations of the Islamic State of Iraq and Syria". U.S. Embassy in Georgia. 21 March 2019. Retrieved 29 April 2022.
  3. ^ AFP (31 May 2017). "Un fondateur d'Aamaq, l'agence de propagande de l'EI, tué en Syrie". Le Monde. Retrieved 11 July 2019.
  4. ^ Askanews (31 May 2017). "Siria, fondatore agenzia ufficiale Isis "Amaq" ucciso in raid Usa". Yahoo! Notizie (in Italian). Yahoo!. Retrieved 19 August 2017.
  5. ^ "Amaq – 24/7 News Agency Run by ISIS". Asharq Al-Awsat. 26 March 2016. Retrieved 11 July 2019.
  6. ^ a b Russon, Mary-Ann (2 June 2016). "Islamic State: Fake version of Isis Amaq news app is spying on its supporters". International Business Times. Retrieved 11 July 2019.
  7. ^ Fahmy, Omar; Knecht, Eric (16 July 2016). Clarke, David (ed.). "Islamic State claims responsibility for Nice attack – Amaq news agency". Reuters. The Thomson Reuters Trust Principles. Archived from the original on 17 July 2016. Retrieved 19 August 2017.
  8. ^ "READ: Official ISIS Statement on Orlando Terror Attack by Amaq News Agency". Heavy. 12 June 2016. Archived from the original on 13 June 2016. Retrieved 24 March 2024.
  9. ^ Tsukayama, Hayley; Berman, Mark; Markon, Jerry (13 June 2016). "Gunman who killed 49 in Orlando nightclub had pledged allegiance to ISIS". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on 15 June 2016. Retrieved 24 March 2024.
  10. ^ "Founder Of Islamic State News Agency Reported Killed In U.S. Air Strike". RFE/RL. 2 June 2017. Retrieved 11 July 2019.
  11. ^ Moore, Jack (6 January 2017). "ISIS News Agency Amaq Founder 'Killed in U.S. Coalition Strike'". Newsweek. Retrieved 11 July 2019.
  12. ^ "US-led coalition strike 'kills founder of Islamic State media outlet Amaq'". Telegraph. Telegraph Media Group Limited. 31 May 2017. Retrieved 19 August 2017.
  13. ^ "Coalition removes ISIS leaders from battlefield". U.S. Central Command. 27 July 2017. Retrieved 11 July 2019.
  14. ^ a b Kallimachi, Rukmini (8 June 2017). "Syrian Accused of Working for ISIS News Agency Is Arrested in Germany". The New York Times. Retrieved 9 June 2017.
  15. ^ Dearden, Lizzie (9 June 2017). "Isis propagandist who linked terrorists with Amaq 'news agency' arrested in Germany". The Independent. Archived from the original on 9 June 2017. Retrieved 11 July 2017.
  16. ^ "Amendments to the Terrorist Designations of the Islamic State of Iraq and Syria". U.S. Embassy in Georgia. 21 March 2019. Retrieved 29 April 2022.
  17. ^ "Amendments to the Terrorist Designations of the Islamic State of Iraq and Syria". United States Department of State. Bureau of Public Affairs. 21 March 2019. Archived from the original on 14 April 2019. Retrieved 11 July 2019.
  18. ^ S.A, Telewizja Polska. "ISIS claims responsibility for attack near Moscow". tvpworld.com (in Polish). Retrieved 22 March 2024.
  19. ^ "Atentado en Moscú: ISIS-K difundió un escalofriante video del ataque desde adentro con gritos de "Alá es grande"" [Attack in Moscow: ISIS-K released a chilling video of the attack from inside with shouts of "Allah is great"]. Clarin (in Spanish). 23 March 2024. Archived from the original on 24 March 2024.
  20. ^ Roth, Andrew (24 March 2024). "New Islamic State videos back claim it carried out Moscow concert hall attack". the Guardian. Guardian News & Media. Archived from the original on 24 March 2024. Retrieved 25 March 2024.
  21. ^ Wood, Graeme (2 October 2017). "Why Did the Islamic State Claim the Las Vegas Shooting?". The Atlantic. Retrieved 2 October 2017.
  22. ^ Williams, Katie Bo (2 October 2017). "Terror experts puzzled by ISIS claim in Las Vegas attack". The Hill. Retrieved 3 October 2017.
  23. ^ a b Katz, Rita (6 November 2017). "Is ISIS' Comment on the Manhattan Attack Out of the Ordinary? Not Really". SITE Intelligence Group. Retrieved 8 November 2017.
  24. ^ De Jaegere, Arne; Grommen, Stefan (25 November 2019). "Na geslaagde cyberaanval door Belgische politie: "Terreurgroep IS volledig uitgeschakeld op het internet"" [After successful cyberattack by Belgian police: "Terror group ISIL completely disabled on the internet"] (in Dutch). Brussels: Vrtnws.be. Retrieved 25 November 2019.