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{{Short description|Type of diplomatic meeting held between enemies}}
{{distinguish|Parlay (disambiguation){{!}}Parlay}}
{{distinguish|Parlay (disambiguation){{!}}Parlay}}
{{other uses|Parley (disambiguation)}}
{{about||the Dorset village|West Parley}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=August 2021}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=August 2021}}
[[File:Frederic Remington - The Parley - Google Art Project.jpg|thumb|right|300px|''The Parley'' by [[Frederic Remington]], 1903, depicting a [[settler]] parleying with a Native American.]]
[[File:Frederic Remington - The Parley - Google Art Project.jpg|thumb|right|300px|''The Parley'' by [[Frederic Remington]], 1903, depicting a [[settler]] parleying with a Native American.]]
{{wiktionary|parley}}
{{wiktionary|parley}}


A '''parley''' (from {{lang-fr|link=no|parler}} – "to speak") refers to a [[Conversation|discussion]] or [[Meeting|conference]], especially one designed to end an argument or hostilities between two groups of people. The term can be used in both [[Past tense|past]] and [[present tense]]; in present tense the term is referred to as '''parleying'''.<ref>{{cite web|title=parley|url=https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/parley|work=[[Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary]]|publisher=[[Cambridge University Press]]|location=[[Cambridge]], England|access-date=November 15, 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=parley|url=https://www.lexico.com/definition/parley|work=[[Oxford Dictionary of English]]|publisher=[[Oxford University Press]]|location=[[Oxford]], England|access-date=November 15, 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=parley|url=https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/parley|work=[[Webster's Dictionary#Merriam-Webster's Collegiate Dictionary|Merriam-Webster's Collegiate Dictionary]]|publisher=[[Merriam-Webster]]|location=[[Springfield, Massachusetts|Springfield]], United States|access-date=November 15, 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=parley|url=https://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/parley|work=[[Collins English Dictionary]]|publisher=[[HarperCollins]]|location=[[Glasgow]], [[Scotland]]|access-date=November 15, 2020}}</ref>
A '''parley''' (from {{langx|fr|link=no|parler}} – "to speak") is a [[Conversation|discussion]] or [[Meeting|conference]], especially one designed to end an argument or hostilities between two groups of people. As a verb, the term can be used in both [[Past tense|past]] and [[present tense]]; in present tense the term is referred to as '''parleying'''.<ref>{{cite web|title=parley|url=https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/parley|work=[[Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary]]|publisher=[[Cambridge University Press]]|location=[[Cambridge]], England|access-date=November 15, 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=parley|url=https://www.lexico.com/definition/parley|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210110013958/https://www.lexico.com/definition/parley|url-status=dead|archive-date=January 10, 2021|work=[[Oxford Dictionary of English]]|publisher=[[Oxford University Press]]|location=[[Oxford]], England|access-date=November 15, 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=parley|url=https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/parley|work=[[Webster's Dictionary#Merriam-Webster's Collegiate Dictionary|Merriam-Webster's Collegiate Dictionary]]|publisher=[[Merriam-Webster]]|location=[[Springfield, Massachusetts|Springfield]], United States|access-date=November 15, 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=parley|url=https://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/parley|work=[[Collins English Dictionary]]|publisher=[[HarperCollins]]|location=[[Glasgow]], [[Scotland]]|access-date=November 15, 2020}}</ref> In some cases, opposing parties would signal their intent to invoke parley by using a [[white flag]],<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Avalon Project - Laws of War : Laws and Customs of War on Land (Hague II); July 29, 1899 |url=https://avalon.law.yale.edu/19th_century/hague02.asp |access-date=2022-09-02 |website=avalon.law.yale.edu}}</ref> however the use of a white flag to invoke or request parley is not considered mandatory.


The term ''parley'' has been used to refer to numerous high-profile meetings of the 20th century, including the [[London and Paris Conferences]] held in 1954 to determine the status of [[West Germany]].<ref>{{cite magazine|date=May 19, 1957|title=At NATO, a diplomatic triumph for Dulles|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wFMEAAAAMBAJ&q=parleyed+with+NATO&pg=PA26 |magazine=[[Life (magazine)|Life]]|location=New York City, United States|publisher=[[Henry Luce]]|access-date=November 15, 2020}}</ref>
The term ''parley'' has been used to refer to numerous high-profile meetings of the 20th century, including the [[London and Paris Conferences]] held in 1954 to determine the status of [[West Germany]].<ref>{{cite magazine|date=May 19, 1957|title=At NATO, a diplomatic triumph for Dulles|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wFMEAAAAMBAJ&q=parleyed+with+NATO&pg=PA26 |magazine=[[Life (magazine)|Life]]|location=New York City, United States|publisher=[[Henry Luce]]|access-date=November 15, 2020}}</ref>
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== In popular culture ==
== In popular culture ==
Below are some examples where a parley is a significant element of the plot.
Below are some examples where a parley is a significant element of the plot.
* [[The Last of the Mohicans (1992 film)]] features a scene depicting a parley at the end the [[siege of Fort William Henry]].
* ''[[The Last of the Mohicans (1992 film)|The Last of the Mohicans]]'' features a scene depicting a parley at the end the [[siege of Fort William Henry]].
* In the [[Pirates of the Caribbean (film series)|''Pirates of the Caribbean'' series]], parley is a plot device introduced in the first film, ''[[Pirates of the Caribbean: The Curse of the Black Pearl]]'' (2003). Captain Barbossa explained that the parley is not a rule, as [[Elizabeth Swann|Elizabeth]] (the [[leading lady]] of the film) assumed, but merely a "guideline" adhered to by pirates.
* In the [[Pirates of the Caribbean (film series)|''Pirates of the Caribbean'' series]], parley is a plot device introduced in the first film, ''[[Pirates of the Caribbean: The Curse of the Black Pearl]]'' (2003). Captain Barbossa explained that the parley is not a rule, as [[Elizabeth Swann|Elizabeth]] (the [[leading lady]] of the film) assumed, but merely a "guideline" adhered to by pirates.
* In the 2013 film ''[[Riddick (film)|Riddick]]'', Riddick and the mercenaries are forced to parley to reach an agreement so both sides could escape an impending storm. The mercenaries violate the spirit of parley by capturing Riddick and killing his dog.
* In the 2013 film ''[[Riddick (film)|Riddick]]'', Riddick and the mercenaries are forced to parley to reach an agreement so both sides could escape an impending storm. The mercenaries violate the spirit of parley by capturing Riddick and killing his dog.
* In the 2017 ''[[Fear the Walking Dead]]'' episode, "[[Fear The Walking Dead#Episodes|The Unveiling]]", Jake Otto and Chief Qaletaqa Walker agree to parley, in order to spare bloodshed in their escalating feud over land. However, Madison Clark goads Troy Otto to violate the parley rules of engagement by leading a surreptitious "rescue mission" to extract Alicia from the Black Hat reservation. The rescuers are discovered, blood is shed, and the temporary truce is broken.<ref>{{cite news|work=AV Club|url=http://www.avclub.com/tvclub/fear-walking-dead-highlights-how-awful-white-peopl-257771|title=Fear The Walking Dead highlights how awful white people are|author=PenzeyMoog, Caitlin| date=July 9, 2017}}</ref>
* In the 2017 ''[[Fear the Walking Dead]]'' episode, "[[Fear The Walking Dead#Episodes|The Unveiling]]", Jake Otto and Chief Qaletaqa Walker agree to parley, in order to spare bloodshed in their escalating feud over land. However, Madison Clark goads Troy Otto to violate the parley rules of engagement by leading a surreptitious "rescue mission" to extract Alicia from the Black Hat reservation. The rescuers are discovered, blood is shed, and the temporary truce is broken.<ref>{{cite news|work=AV Club|url=http://www.avclub.com/tvclub/fear-walking-dead-highlights-how-awful-white-peopl-257771|title=Fear The Walking Dead highlights how awful white people are|author=PenzeyMoog, Caitlin| date=July 9, 2017}}</ref>
* In the 2019 film ''[[John Wick: Chapter 3 – Parabellum]]'', the climax is a parley between the main characters on how to settle the plot's feud.{{citation needed|date=June 2020}}
* In the 2019 film ''[[John Wick: Chapter 3 – Parabellum]]'', the climax is a parley between the main characters on how to settle the plot's feud.{{citation needed|date=June 2020}}
* In the film [[The Warriors (film)]] during the midpoint a segment of the Warriors gang encounter a sub-par outfit called The Orphans. The Orphans are illegitimate to the point of not even being on the map. The supposed war chief of the orphans says to Swan “No permits? No parley?”.


== References ==
== References ==

Latest revision as of 06:49, 23 October 2024

The Parley by Frederic Remington, 1903, depicting a settler parleying with a Native American.

A parley (from French: parler – "to speak") is a discussion or conference, especially one designed to end an argument or hostilities between two groups of people. As a verb, the term can be used in both past and present tense; in present tense the term is referred to as parleying.[1][2][3][4] In some cases, opposing parties would signal their intent to invoke parley by using a white flag,[5] however the use of a white flag to invoke or request parley is not considered mandatory.

The term parley has been used to refer to numerous high-profile meetings of the 20th century, including the London and Paris Conferences held in 1954 to determine the status of West Germany.[6]

[edit]

Below are some examples where a parley is a significant element of the plot.

  • The Last of the Mohicans features a scene depicting a parley at the end the siege of Fort William Henry.
  • In the Pirates of the Caribbean series, parley is a plot device introduced in the first film, Pirates of the Caribbean: The Curse of the Black Pearl (2003). Captain Barbossa explained that the parley is not a rule, as Elizabeth (the leading lady of the film) assumed, but merely a "guideline" adhered to by pirates.
  • In the 2013 film Riddick, Riddick and the mercenaries are forced to parley to reach an agreement so both sides could escape an impending storm. The mercenaries violate the spirit of parley by capturing Riddick and killing his dog.
  • In the 2017 Fear the Walking Dead episode, "The Unveiling", Jake Otto and Chief Qaletaqa Walker agree to parley, in order to spare bloodshed in their escalating feud over land. However, Madison Clark goads Troy Otto to violate the parley rules of engagement by leading a surreptitious "rescue mission" to extract Alicia from the Black Hat reservation. The rescuers are discovered, blood is shed, and the temporary truce is broken.[7]
  • In the 2019 film John Wick: Chapter 3 – Parabellum, the climax is a parley between the main characters on how to settle the plot's feud.[citation needed]
  • In the film The Warriors (film) during the midpoint a segment of the Warriors gang encounter a sub-par outfit called The Orphans. The Orphans are illegitimate to the point of not even being on the map. The supposed war chief of the orphans says to Swan “No permits? No parley?”.

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "parley". Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary. Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press. Retrieved November 15, 2020.
  2. ^ "parley". Oxford Dictionary of English. Oxford, England: Oxford University Press. Archived from the original on January 10, 2021. Retrieved November 15, 2020.
  3. ^ "parley". Merriam-Webster's Collegiate Dictionary. Springfield, United States: Merriam-Webster. Retrieved November 15, 2020.
  4. ^ "parley". Collins English Dictionary. Glasgow, Scotland: HarperCollins. Retrieved November 15, 2020.
  5. ^ "The Avalon Project - Laws of War : Laws and Customs of War on Land (Hague II); July 29, 1899". avalon.law.yale.edu. Retrieved September 2, 2022.
  6. ^ "At NATO, a diplomatic triumph for Dulles". Life. New York City, United States: Henry Luce. May 19, 1957. Retrieved November 15, 2020.
  7. ^ PenzeyMoog, Caitlin (July 9, 2017). "Fear The Walking Dead highlights how awful white people are". AV Club.