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{{Short description|German student organization}}
{{Expand language|topic=|langcode=de|date=December 2021}}
{{Expand language|topic=|langcode=de|date=December 2021}}
{{Refimprove|date=December 2008}}
{{Refimprove|dates [[]]=December 2008|date=April 2023}}


The '''Sozialistische Deutsche Studentenbund''' — the '''Socialist German Students' Union''' or '''Socialist German Students' League''' — was founded in 1946 in [[Hamburg]], Germany, as the collegiate branch of the [[Social Democratic Party of Germany]] (SPD). In the 1950s, tensions between the SDS and the main party surfaced, particularly over the party's support of [[West Germany]]'s rearming, until the SPD expelled all members of the SDS from the party in 1961.
The '''Sozialistische Deutsche Studentenbund''' — the '''Socialist German Students' Union''' or '''Socialist German Students' League''' — was founded in 1946 in [[Hamburg]], Germany, as the collegiate branch of the [[Social Democratic Party of Germany]] (SPD). In the 1950s, tensions between the SDS and the main party surfaced, particularly over the party's support of [[West Germany]]'s rearming, until the SPD expelled all members of the SDS from the party in 1961.


== History ==
== History ==
After its exclusion from the parent organization Social Democratic Party of Germany, the SDS became the leading element in the [[Außerparlamentarische Opposition]] (APO; English: ''Extra Parliamentary Opposition''). In late 1966, it became active when the SPD and [[Christian Democratic Union (Germany)|Christian Democratic Union]] formed a grand coalition, which left Germany without a strong opposition inside parliament, since members of those two parties represented more than 90% of the seats in the [[Bundestag]]. The group consisted mainly of college and university students. The SDS opposed the [[Vietnam War]] and Germany's political involvement in it, as well as the use of [[nuclear weapon]]s; and objected that many former [[Nazis|National Socialists]] (or Nazis) still held influential positions in West Germany. They also wanted to advance democratic structures in all institutions, for example in school.
After its exclusion from the parent organization Social Democratic Party of Germany, the SDS became the leading element in the [[Außerparlamentarische Opposition]] (APO; English: ''Extraparliamentary Opposition''). In late 1966, it became active when the SPD and [[Christian Democratic Union (Germany)|Christian Democratic Union]] formed a grand coalition, which left Germany without a strong opposition inside parliament, since members of those two parties represented more than 90% of the seats in the [[Bundestag]]. The group consisted mainly of college and university students. The SDS opposed the [[Vietnam War]] and Germany's political involvement in it, as well as the use of [[nuclear weapon]]s; and objected that many former [[Nazis|National Socialists]] (or Nazis) still held influential positions in West Germany. They also wanted to advance democratic structures in all institutions, for example in schools.


In May and June 1967, the Shah [[Mohammad Reza Pahlavi]] visited [[West Germany]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|last=Abadi|first=Eskandar|date=February 6, 2017|title=50 years ago: How the Shah of Iran's visit impacted German history|url=https://www.dw.com/en/50-years-ago-how-the-shah-of-irans-visit-impacted-german-history/a-39096262|access-date=2022-01-27|website=DW.com|publisher=Deutsche Welle|language=en-GB}}</ref> On June 2, 1967 in [[West Berlin]], Iranian and German students (including the Socialist German Student Union and [[Confederation of Iranian Students]]) protested the Shah's visit, and it resulted in one student dying.<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite book|last=Michel|first=Eckard|title=Schahbesuch 1967. Fanal für die Studentenbewegung|publisher=Links Christoph Verlag|year=2017|isbn=978-3861539438|language=De|trans-title=The Shah's Visit in 1967. Beacon of the Student Movement}}</ref>
In May and June 1967, the Shah [[Mohammad Reza Pahlavi]] visited [[West Germany]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|last=Abadi|first=Eskandar|date=February 6, 2017|title=50 years ago: How the Shah of Iran's visit impacted German history|url=https://www.dw.com/en/50-years-ago-how-the-shah-of-irans-visit-impacted-german-history/a-39096262|access-date=2022-01-27|website=DW.com|publisher=Deutsche Welle|language=en-GB}}</ref> On June 2, 1967 in [[West Berlin]], Iranian and German students (including the Socialist German Student Union and [[Confederation of Iranian Students]]) protested the Shah's visit, and it resulted in one student being killed.<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite book|last=Michel|first=Eckard|title=Schahbesuch 1967. Fanal für die Studentenbewegung|publisher=Links Christoph Verlag|year=2017|isbn=978-3861539438|language=De|trans-title=The Shah's Visit in 1967. Beacon of the Student Movement}}</ref>


Alternative lifestyles and more tolerance for [[same-sex couple]]s, a more open treatment of sexual topics, the right to [[abortion]] and equal rights for women are also associated with the APO, and the SDS as its best known representative. The students involved used the same methods of protest as the [[anti-war movement]] in the United States at that time, for example [[sit-in]]s and demonstrations. The student movement reached its height in 1968 (its membership peaked at 2,500 at that time), after that the influence of the SDS declined. In 1970 it disbanded. A resurrection of the SDS in 1988 proved of no importance.
Alternative lifestyles and more tolerance for [[same-sex couple]]s, a more open treatment of sexual topics, the right to [[abortion]] and equal rights for women are also associated with the APO, and the SDS as its best known representative. The students involved used the same methods of protest as the [[anti-war movement]] in the United States at that time, for example [[sit-in]]s and demonstrations. The student movement reached its height in 1968 (its membership peaked at 2,500 at that time); after that the influence of the SDS declined. In 1970 it disbanded. A resurrection of the SDS in 1988 proved of no importance.


Important members of the SDS were [[Helmut Schmidt]], later [[Chancellor of Germany (Federal Republic)|Chancellor of Germany]] (he was a member while the SDS was still part of the SPD); the later [[Red Army Faction]] member [[Ulrike Meinhof]]; and [[Rudi Dutschke]].
Important members of the SDS were [[Helmut Schmidt]], later [[Chancellor of Germany (Federal Republic)|Chancellor of Germany]] (he was a member while the SDS was still part of the SPD); the later [[Red Army Faction]] member [[Ulrike Meinhof]]; and [[Rudi Dutschke]].
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== Members ==
== Members ==
A number of people, which later hold important positions in German society and politics were member of SDS:
A number of people who would later hold important positions in German society and politics were members of the SDS:


* [[Rudi Dutschke]], left-wing activist, died by a nazi attack<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=WDR |date=2020-05-08 |title=Deutsche Geschichte: Studentenbewegung |url=https://www.planet-wissen.de/geschichte/deutsche_geschichte/studentenbewegung/index.html |access-date=2022-06-24 |website=www.planet-wissen.de |language=de}}</ref>
* [[Rudi Dutschke]], left-wing activist<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=WDR |date=2020-05-08 |title=Deutsche Geschichte: Studentenbewegung |url=https://www.planet-wissen.de/geschichte/deutsche_geschichte/studentenbewegung/index.html |access-date=2022-06-24 |website=www.planet-wissen.de |language=de}}</ref>
* Otto Fichtner, politician (SPD) (SDS chairmen 1955–1956)
* {{ill|Otto Fichtner|de}}, politician (SPD) (SDS chairman 1955–1956)
* [[Joschka Fischer]], former foreign minister ([[Alliance 90/The Greens|Alliance90/The Greens]])<ref name=":1" />
* [[Joschka Fischer]], former foreign minister ([[Alliance 90/The Greens]])<ref name=":1" />
* Hajo Funke, political scientist
* {{ill|Hajo Funke|de}}, political scientist
* [[Dieter Kunzelmann]], left-wing activist<ref name=":1" />
* [[Dieter Kunzelmann]], left-wing activist<ref name=":1" />
* [[Ulrike Meinhof]], founding-member of Red Army Fraction
* [[Ulrike Meinhof]], founding member of Red Army Fraction
* Bernd Rabehl, left-wing activist<ref name=":1" />
* {{ill|Bernd Rabehl|de}}, left-wing activist<ref name=":1" />
* [[Helmut Schmidt]], former chanelor (SPD) (SDS chairmen 1947–1948)
* [[Helmut Schmidt]], former chancellor (SPD) (SDS chairman 1947–1948)
* [[Fritz Teufel]], political activist
* [[Fritz Teufel]], political activist


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[[Category:West Germany]]
[[Category:West Germany]]
[[Category:Social Democratic Party of Germany]]
[[Category:Social Democratic Party of Germany]]
[[Category:Extraparliamentary Opposition]]
[[Category:Außerparlamentarische Opposition]]
[[Category:1946 establishments in Germany]]
[[Category:1946 establishments in Germany]]
{{Germany-party-stub}}
{{Germany-party-stub}}

Latest revision as of 18:46, 11 March 2024

The Sozialistische Deutsche Studentenbund — the Socialist German Students' Union or Socialist German Students' League — was founded in 1946 in Hamburg, Germany, as the collegiate branch of the Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD). In the 1950s, tensions between the SDS and the main party surfaced, particularly over the party's support of West Germany's rearming, until the SPD expelled all members of the SDS from the party in 1961.

History

[edit]

After its exclusion from the parent organization Social Democratic Party of Germany, the SDS became the leading element in the Außerparlamentarische Opposition (APO; English: Extraparliamentary Opposition). In late 1966, it became active when the SPD and Christian Democratic Union formed a grand coalition, which left Germany without a strong opposition inside parliament, since members of those two parties represented more than 90% of the seats in the Bundestag. The group consisted mainly of college and university students. The SDS opposed the Vietnam War and Germany's political involvement in it, as well as the use of nuclear weapons; and objected that many former National Socialists (or Nazis) still held influential positions in West Germany. They also wanted to advance democratic structures in all institutions, for example in schools.

In May and June 1967, the Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi visited West Germany.[1] On June 2, 1967 in West Berlin, Iranian and German students (including the Socialist German Student Union and Confederation of Iranian Students) protested the Shah's visit, and it resulted in one student being killed.[1][2]

Alternative lifestyles and more tolerance for same-sex couples, a more open treatment of sexual topics, the right to abortion and equal rights for women are also associated with the APO, and the SDS as its best known representative. The students involved used the same methods of protest as the anti-war movement in the United States at that time, for example sit-ins and demonstrations. The student movement reached its height in 1968 (its membership peaked at 2,500 at that time); after that the influence of the SDS declined. In 1970 it disbanded. A resurrection of the SDS in 1988 proved of no importance.

Important members of the SDS were Helmut Schmidt, later Chancellor of Germany (he was a member while the SDS was still part of the SPD); the later Red Army Faction member Ulrike Meinhof; and Rudi Dutschke.

In 2007, the student organization of the recent German Left Party, Die Linke, adopted the name Die Linke.SDS (Sozialistisch-Demokratischer Studierendenverband) at its founding congress.[3]

Members

[edit]

A number of people who would later hold important positions in German society and politics were members of the SDS:

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b Abadi, Eskandar (February 6, 2017). "50 years ago: How the Shah of Iran's visit impacted German history". DW.com. Deutsche Welle. Retrieved 2022-01-27.
  2. ^ Michel, Eckard (2017). Schahbesuch 1967. Fanal für die Studentenbewegung [The Shah's Visit in 1967. Beacon of the Student Movement] (in German). Links Christoph Verlag. ISBN 978-3861539438.
  3. ^ Website of Die Linke.SDS.
  4. ^ a b c d WDR (2020-05-08). "Deutsche Geschichte: Studentenbewegung". www.planet-wissen.de (in German). Retrieved 2022-06-24.
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