U.S. Route 78 in Alabama: Difference between revisions
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{{Short description|U.S. Highway in Alabama, United States}} |
{{Short description|U.S. Highway in Alabama, United States}} |
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{{Use mdy dates|date=February 2023}} |
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{{Highway detail hatnote|U.S. Route 78}} |
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{{Infobox road |
{{Infobox road |
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|state=AL |
|state=AL |
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| Line 5: | Line 7: | ||
|route=78 |
|route=78 |
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|alternate_name=State Route 4 |
|alternate_name=State Route 4 |
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|map={{maplink-road|from=U.S. Route 78 in Alabama.map}} |
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|map_custom=yes |
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|map_notes=US 78 highlighted in red |
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|established=1926 |
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|direction_a=West |
|direction_a=West |
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|terminus_a={{Jct|state=MS|I|22|US|78}} at the Mississippi state line |
|terminus_a={{Jct|state=MS|I|22|US|78}} at the Mississippi state line |
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|junction= |
|junction= |
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*{{ |
*{{Jct|state=AL|US|43|US|278}} in [[Hamilton, Alabama|Hamilton]] |
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*{{ |
*{{Jct|state=AL|I|22}} in [[Graysville, Alabama|Graysville]] |
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*{{jct|state=AL|I|20|I|59}} in [[Birmingham, Alabama|Birmingham]] |
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*{{Jct|state=AL|US|11}} in Birmingham |
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*{{Jct|state=AL|I|65}} in Birmingham |
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*{{jct|state=AL|I|20}} in [[Leeds, Alabama|Leeds]] |
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*{{Jct|state=AL|US|411}} in Leeds |
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*{{Jct|state=AL|I|20}} in [[Pell City, Alabama|Pell City]] |
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*{{Jct|state=AL|US|231}} in Pell City |
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*{{Jct|state=AL|US|431}} in [[Oxford, Alabama|Oxford]] |
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|direction_b=East |
|direction_b=East |
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|terminus_b={{Jct|state=GA|US|78}} at the Georgia state line |
|terminus_b={{Jct|state=GA|US|78}} at the Georgia state line |
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|counties=[[Marion County, Alabama|Marion]], [[Walker County, Alabama|Walker]], [[Jefferson County, Alabama|Jefferson]], [[Saint Clair County, Alabama|Saint Clair]], [[Talladega County, Alabama|Talladega]], [[Calhoun County, Alabama|Calhoun]], [[Cleburne County, Alabama|Cleburne]] |
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|previous_type=SR |
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|previous_route=77 |
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|next_type=SR |
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|next_route=79 |
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| browse = {{al browse |previous_type=SR |previous_route=3 |route=SR 4|next_type=SR |next_route=5}} |
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}} |
}} |
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'''U.S. Route 78''' ('''US 78''') is a major east–west [[U.S. Highway]] across the central part of [[Alabama]]. It is internally designated '''State Route 4''' ('''SR 4''') by the [[Alabama Department of Transportation]] (ALDOT), though the only section of SR 4 that is signed is along portions mainly west of Jasper. The section from the Mississippi state line to near [[Graysville, Alabama|Graysville]] is concurrent with [[Interstate 22]] (I-22); from Graysville south to [[Birmingham, Alabama|Birmingham]], US 78 takes its original routing. East of Birmingham to the Georgia state line, US 78 has been replaced as a major through-route by [[Interstate 20 in Alabama|I-20]]. The two routes roughly parallel each other, with junctions at [[Leeds, Alabama|Leeds]] and [[Pell City, Alabama|Pell City]].<ref>{{ |
'''U.S. Route 78''' ('''US 78''') is a major east–west [[U.S. Highway]] across the central part of [[Alabama]]. It is internally designated '''State Route 4''' ('''SR 4''') by the [[Alabama Department of Transportation]] (ALDOT), though the only section of SR 4 that is signed is along portions mainly west of Jasper. The section from the Mississippi state line to near [[Graysville, Alabama|Graysville]] is concurrent with [[Interstate 22]] (I-22); from Graysville south to [[Birmingham, Alabama|Birmingham]], US 78 takes its original routing. East of Birmingham to the Georgia state line, US 78 has been replaced as a major through-route by [[Interstate 20 in Alabama|I-20]]. The two routes roughly parallel each other, with junctions at [[Leeds, Alabama|Leeds]] and [[Pell City, Alabama|Pell City]].<ref name="gmaps1">{{google maps |title = Overview Map of US 78 (AL; 1) |url = https://www.google.com/maps/dir/34.2103628,-88.1873104/33.5462355,-86.5183422/@33.8902755,-87.8005089,8.92z/data=!4m34!4m33!1m30!3m4!1m2!1d-86.8872539!2d33.5548658!3s0x88891d69f154282f:0x3a51f397190aec39!3m4!1m2!1d-86.8491106!2d33.5053363!3s0x88891c397aa02ee7:0x9c1cde8075f9e8f2!3m4!1m2!1d-86.8167661!2d33.5116046!3s0x88891b8b66caef17:0x3c2e714b00e07c52!3m4!1m2!1d-86.7999068!2d33.5167115!3s0x88891bbdb1189c63:0xd16daa4e0e8660d0!3m4!1m2!1d-86.7782198!2d33.5215935!3s0x88891a5242c3ed9d:0xeb5ace9afa8116fd!3m4!1m2!1d-86.6597499!2d33.5480654!3s0x888912205db5a871:0xbcac8e546fe48e8c!1m0!3e0 |access-date = January 2, 2023 }}</ref><ref name="gmaps2">{{google maps |access-date = January 5, 2023 |title = Overview Map of US 78 (AL; 2) |url = https://www.google.com/maps/dir/33.5462652,-86.5183085/33.7479768,-85.3568791/@33.6522261,-86.2028829,9.75z/data=!4m24!4m23!1m20!3m4!1m2!1d-86.4274115!2d33.5718089!3s0x888970049e57faaf:0xf8a6bb58da3354f!3m4!1m2!1d-86.2910029!2d33.5845241!3s0x88897d18a796164d:0xc821783c55b9351d!3m4!1m2!1d-86.1193366!2d33.6038576!3s0x888bd1b37d5b8b25:0xbf511b65626d6330!3m4!1m2!1d-85.8278247!2d33.6095956!3s0x888bb115f0eb173b:0x61bbe00836db4d3b!1m0!3e0 |link = no }}</ref> |
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West of Jasper, old US 78 is signed as SR 118 to Guin, and the segment from Guin northward to I-22 at Hamilton is signed as US 43/US 278. |
West of Jasper, old US 78 is signed as SR 118 to Guin, and the segment from Guin northward to I-22 at Hamilton is signed as US 43/US 278. |
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== Route description== |
== Route description== |
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{{expand section|date=August 2022}} |
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=== I-22 concurrency === |
=== I-22 concurrency === |
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{{Main|Interstate 22}} |
{{Main|Interstate 22#Alabama}} |
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=== I-22/Bankhead Highway interchange to Georgia state line === |
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=== Jefferson County === |
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US 78 leaves its concurrency with I-22 at exit 85 and joins SR 5 near [[Graysville, Alabama|Graysville]] |
US 78 leaves its concurrency with I-22 at exit 85 and joins SR 5 (Bankhead Highway) near [[Graysville, Alabama|Graysville]]. One mile later, it has an interchange linking Graysville and West Jefferson. It then has an interchange with Hillcrest Road in [[Adamsville, Alabama|Adamsville]] before crossing through [[Forestdale, Alabama|Forestdale]] and [[Birmingham, Alabama|Birmingham]].<ref name="gmaps1"/> |
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In the neighborhood of N. Pratt, it has an interchage. North of I-20 is the SR 378 interchange. West of I-65 is UUS&n11 where SH 5 runs concurrency southward with US 11 while US 78 runs concurrently eastward with US 11. It has interchanges with Highways 65 and 280 where US 11 splits off. It has an interchange with I-20 in Irondale. in Leeds, it intersects US 411 before entering St. Clair County |
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In the neighborhood of North Pratt, US 78/SR 5 has an interchange. The road then curves south after intersecting with SR 378. It then meets I-20/I-59 at [[Birmingham–Southern College]]. Near [[Legion Field]], US 78 turns east along US 11, while SR 5 turns west along US 11. In the downtown area of Birmingham, US 11/US 78 split into a [[one-way pair]] where they meet with I-65. Eastbound US 78 continues east along 3rd Avenue N before turning south onto 13th Street N; westbound traffic continues west along 1st Avenue N before turning north onto 9th Street. US 78 parallels the railroads, including Amtrak's [[Crescent (train)|Crescent service]]; Amtrak trains stop at [[Birmingham station (Alabama)|Birmingham station]] near 1st Avenue N and 19th Street N. US 78 turns south along 24th Street and then turns east along another one-way pair. Eastbound traffic travels along 4th Avenue S, while westbound traffic travels along 3rd Avenue S. US 31 and US 280 indirectly serve US 78 at a [[RIRO]] one block after the split. The split ends at 36th Street S. Starting in Irondale, US 78 begins to have numerous direct or indirect encounters with I-20. In Leeds, it intersects US 411/SR 119 before entering St. Clair County.<ref name="gmaps1"/> |
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=== Going eastward === |
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US 78 parallels I-20 to [[Augusta, Georgia]]; it has intersections with US 231 in Pell City, SR 77 in Lincoln, US 431 in Anniston, and SR 9 in Helfin. |
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US 78 parallels I-20 all the way toward [[Augusta, Georgia]]. US 78 enters I-20 at Cooks Springs and leaves the freeway at the next exit near Pell City. US 78 enters the downtown area of Pell City and intersects with US 231. After leaving Pell City and entering Riverside, US 78 finds itself paralleling the Coosa River. After meeting I-20 again, US 78 crosses over a narrow two-lane truss bridge. After crossing the river, the route enters Lincoln and eventually intersects with SR 77 near downtown. The route also enters [[Oxford, Alabama|Oxford]] and meets SR 202, SR 21, and US 431; US 78 meets US 431 at a [[one-quadrant interchange]]. SR 9 runs concurrently with US 78 before entering downtown Heflin. As US 78 leaves the downtown area, US 78 meets with SR 46. US 78 serves Edwardsville and Fruithurst before entering the state of Georgia.<ref name="gmaps2"/> |
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== History == |
== History == |
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US 78 was formed in 1926 along most of its current route; at the time, it was signed as SR 51, most of SR 8, SR 40, and a part of SR 4.<ref>{{cite map |last = Salmon |first = F.A. |title = System of State Roads |year = 1926 |scale = 1:887,000 |location = Montgomery |publisher = Alabama State Highway Department |url = http://cartweb.geography.ua.edu/lizardtech/iserv/calcrgn?cat=North%20America%20and%20United%20States&item=States/Alabama/State%20Roads//Alabama1926a.sid&wid=1000&hei=900&props=item(Name,Description),cat(Name,Description)&style=default/view.xsl&plugin=true |access-date = January 5, 2023 }}</ref> US 78N (former SR 8) and US 78S (former SR 4) were also formed between Heflin, Alabama and [[Villa Rica, Georgia]].<ref>{{cite map |author1 = [[Bureau of Public Roads]] |author2 = [[American Association of State Highway Officials]] |date = November 11, 1926 |title = United States System of Highways Adopted for Uniform Marking by the American Association of State Highway Officials |url = https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:United_States_System_of_Highways_Adopted_for_Uniform_Marking_by_the_American_Association_of_State_Highway_Officials.jpg |scale = 1:7,000,000 |location = Washington, DC |publisher = [[United States Geological Survey]] |oclc = 32889555 |access-date = January 5, 2023 |via = [[Wikimedia Commons]] |name-list-style = amp }}</ref><ref>{{cite map |author = Alabama State Highway Department |title = Progress Map Showing Roads Completed and Under Construction |year = 1925 |scale = 1:1,303,406 |location = Montgomery |publisher = Alabama State Highway Department |url = http://cartweb.geography.ua.edu/lizardtech/iserv/calcrgn?cat=North%20America%20and%20United%20States&item=States/Alabama/State%20Roads//Alabama1925d.sid&wid=1000&hei=900&props=item(Name,Description),cat(Name,Description)&style=default/view.xsl&plugin=true |access-date = January 5, 2023 }}</ref> With a revised system of state routes in 1928, US 78 and US 78N were coupled with SR 4, while US 78S was coupled with SR 46.<ref>{{cite map |author = Alabama Highway Department |title = State Road Map of Alabama |year = 1928 |scale = 1:1,000,000 |location = Montgomery |publisher = Alabama Highway Department |url = http://cartweb.geography.ua.edu/lizardtech/iserv/calcrgn?cat=North%20America%20and%20United%20States&item=States/Alabama/State%20Roads//Alabama1928a.sid&wid=1000&hei=900&props=item(Name,Description),cat(Name,Description)&style=default/view.xsl&plugin=true |access-date = January 5, 2023 }}</ref> In 1934, in an effort to abandon almost all suffixed U.S. Routes,<ref>{{AASHTO minutes |year = 1934S |access-date = January 5, 2023 }}</ref> US 78S was renumbered to US 78 Alt., while US 78N became part of US 78.<ref>{{cite map |author = General Drafting Company, Inc. |title = State Road Map of Alabama |year = 1934 |scale = 1:1,000,000 |location = Montgomery |publisher = Alabama Highway Department |url = http://cartweb.geography.ua.edu/lizardtech/iserv/calcrgn?cat=North%20America%20and%20United%20States&item=States/Alabama/State%20Roads//Alabama1934a.sid&wid=1000&hei=900&props=item(Name,Description),cat(Name,Description)&style=default/view.xsl&plugin=true |access-date = January 5, 2023 }}</ref> |
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The routing of US 78 in the Birmingham area has changed several times over the years. Before the construction of a 4 lane routing in the 1950s, U.S. 78 east followed a two lane route through the heart of Graysville (Main Street) and then shared the current 4 lane until Adamsville when it became Main Street once again and then became Forestdale Boulevard near the present interchange of U.S. 78 and Minor Parkway. The original route crossed U.S. 78 and became Pratt Highway, which goes into the old steel mill community of Pratt City and then into Birmingham. In Birmingham, the routing passed near Birmingham-Southern College, turning east along 8th Avenue West, passing on the north side of historic Legion Field. The routing through downtown has moved slightly. |
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The routing of US 78 in the Birmingham area has changed several times over the years. Prior to 1941, US 78 traveled along 16th Avenue Thomas before turning south along present-day US 78. The route then traveled east along 12th Avenue W, Bankhead Highway, then south along 3rd Street N, and then east along 8th Avenue N.<ref>{{cite map |author = Alabama Highway Department |title = Alabama Official Highway Map |year = 1939 |scale = 1:750,000 |location = Montgomery |publisher = Alabama Highway Department |url = http://cartweb.geography.ua.edu/lizardtech/iserv/calcrgn?cat=North%20America%20and%20United%20States&item=States/Alabama/State%20Roads//Alabama1939a.sid&wid=1000&hei=900&props=item(Name,Description),cat(Name,Description)&style=default/view.xsl&plugin=true |access-date = January 5, 2023 }}</ref> The routing changed in 1941 to travel further along 8th Street W near Birmingham-Southern College and then turn east along 8th Avenue W, passing on the north side of historic Legion Field.<ref>{{cite map |author = Alabama Highway Department |title = Alabama Highways |year = 1941 |scale = 1:760,000 |location = Montgomery |publisher = Alabama Highway Department |url = http://cartweb.geography.ua.edu/lizardtech/iserv/calcrgn?cat=North%20America%20and%20United%20States&item=States/Alabama/State%20Roads//Alabama1941a.sid&wid=1000&hei=900&props=item(Name,Description),cat(Name,Description)&style=default/view.xsl&plugin=true |access-date = January 5, 2023 }}</ref> Before the early 1950s, US 78 east followed a two-lane road through the heart of Graysville (Main Street) and then shared the current four-lane road until Adamsville when it became Main Street once again and then became Forestdale Boulevard near the present interchange of US 78 and Minor Parkway. The original route crossed US 78 and became Pratt Highway, which goes into the old steel mill community of Pratt City and then into Birmingham. Construction of a 4-lane routing led to a realignment of US 78. Also, US 78 was rerouted onto 3rd Avenue S east of downtown Birmingham.<ref>{{cite map |author = Alabama Highway Department |title = Alabama Highways |year = 1954 |scale = 1:950,000 |location = Montgomery |publisher = Alabama Highway Department |url = http://cartweb.geography.ua.edu/lizardtech/iserv/calcrgn?cat=North%20America%20and%20United%20States&item=States/Alabama/State%20Roads//Alabama1954a.sid&wid=1000&hei=900&props=item(Name,Description),cat(Name,Description)&style=default/view.xsl&plugin=true |access-date = January 5, 2023 }}</ref> |
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In 1953, US 78 was rerouted south to bypass Anniston; part of the old alignment became SR 202.<ref>{{AASHTO minutes |year = 1953S |access-date = January 5, 2023 }}</ref><ref>{{cite map |author = Alabama Highway Department |title = Official Highway Map |year = 1953 |scale = 1:1,000,000 |location = Montgomery |publisher = Alabama Highway Department |url = http://cartweb.geography.ua.edu/lizardtech/iserv/calcrgn?cat=North%20America%20and%20United%20States&item=States/Alabama/State%20Roads//Alabama1953a.sid&wid=1000&hei=900&props=item(Name,Description),cat(Name,Description)&style=default/view.xsl&plugin=true |access-date = January 5, 2023 }}</ref> In 1957, SR 4 was rerouted north between Hamilton and Jasper to serve Natural Bridge and other towns along SR 5 and the newly extended US 278.<ref>{{cite map |author = Alabama Highway Department |title = Official 1957 Alabama Highway Map |year = 1957 |scale = 1:825,000 |location = Montgomery |publisher = Alabama Highway Department |url = http://cartweb.geography.ua.edu/lizardtech/iserv/calcrgn?cat=North%20America%20and%20United%20States&item=States/Alabama/State%20Roads//Alabama1957a.sid&wid=1000&hei=900&props=item(Name,Description),cat(Name,Description)&style=default/view.xsl&plugin=true |access-date = January 7, 2023 }}</ref> By 1972, US 78 was rerouted to enter/exit I-20 at Cooks Springs instead of Moody.<ref>{{cite map |author = Alabama Highway Department |title = Official 1972 Alabama Highway Map |year = 1972 |scale = 1:950,000 |location = Montgomery |publisher = Alabama Highway Department |url = http://cartweb.geography.ua.edu/lizardtech/iserv/calcrgn?cat=North%20America%20and%20United%20States&item=States/Alabama/State%20Roads//Alabama1972a.sid&wid=1000&hei=900&props=item(Name,Description),cat(Name,Description)&style=default/view.xsl&plugin=true |access-date = January 7, 2023 }}</ref> |
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<!--In 1989, US 78 was rerouted south in Birmingham to travel along 3rd Street N instead of 8th Avenue N. Around that same year, the route began bypassing Hamilton along a newly-finished multi-lane bypass.<ref>{{cite map |author = Alabama Highway Department |title = Official Alabama Highway Map |year = 1989 |edition = 1989–1990 |scale = 1:825,000 |url = http://cartweb.geography.ua.edu/lizardtech/iserv/calcrgn?cat=North%20America%20and%20United%20States&item=States/Alabama/State%20Roads//Alabama1989a.sid&wid=1000&hei=900&props=item(Name,Description),cat(Name,Description)&style=default/view.xsl&plugin=true |access-date = January 7, 2023 }}</ref> The freeway expanded east to SR 44 east of Twin by 1995.<ref>{{cite map |author = Alabama Highway Department |title = Official Alabama Highway Map |year = 1995 |edition = 1995–1996 |scale = 1:825,000 |url = http://cartweb.geography.ua.edu/lizardtech/iserv/calcrgn?cat=North%20America%20and%20United%20States&item=States/Alabama/State%20Roads//Alabama1995a.sid&wid=1000&hei=900&props=item(Name,Description),cat(Name,Description)&style=default/view.xsl&plugin=true |access-date = January 7, 2023 }}</ref> By 1997, a freeway section southwest of Jasper opened.<ref>{{cite map |author = Alabama Highway Department |title = Official Alabama Highway Map |year = 1997 |edition = 1997–1998 |scale = 1:825,000 |url = http://cartweb.geography.ua.edu/lizardtech/iserv/calcrgn?cat=North%20America%20and%20United%20States&item=States/Alabama/State%20Roads//Alabama1997a.sid&wid=1000&hei=900&props=item(Name,Description),cat(Name,Description)&style=default/view.xsl&plugin=true |access-date = January 7, 2023 }}</ref> By 1999, the westernmost section of the freeway was extended to SR 129.<ref>{{cite map |author = Alabama Highway Department |title = Official Alabama Highway Map |year = 1999 |edition = 1999–2000 |scale = 1:825,000 |url = http://cartweb.geography.ua.edu/lizardtech/iserv/calcrgn?cat=North%20America%20and%20United%20States&item=States/Alabama/State%20Roads//Alabama1999a.sid&wid=1000&hei=900&props=item(Name,Description),cat(Name,Description)&style=default/view.xsl&plugin=true |access-date = January 7, 2023 }}</ref>--> |
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== Major intersections == |
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{{Jcttop|exit|length_ref=<ref>{{cite web |title = Milepost Web |url = https://aldotgis.dot.state.al.us/milepostmaps/default.htm |publisher = [[Alabama Department of Transportation]] |access-date = August 28, 2022 }}</ref>}} |
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{{Jcttop|exit}} |
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{{ALint|exit |
{{ALint|exit |
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|county=Marion |
|county=Marion |
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| Line 38: | Line 64: | ||
|location=none |
|location=none |
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|mile=0.000 |
|mile=0.000 |
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|road={{Jct|state=MS|I|22|dir1=west|US|78|dir2=west|city1=Tupelo}} |
|road={{Jct|state=MS|I|22|dir1=west|US|78|dir2=west|name2=Elvis Aaron Presley Memorial Highway|city1=Tupelo}} |
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|notes=Continuation into Mississippi |
|notes=Continuation into [[Mississippi]] |
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}} |
}} |
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{{ALint|exit |
{{ALint|exit |
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| Line 123: | Line 149: | ||
|mile=53.47 |
|mile=53.47 |
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|exit=53 |
|exit=53 |
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|road={{jct|state=AL|SR|102 |
|road={{jct|state=AL|SR|102}} |
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|notes=Exit not signed |
|notes=Exit not signed |
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}} |
}} |
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| Line 201: | Line 227: | ||
{{ALint|exit |
{{ALint|exit |
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|mile=95.58 |
|mile=95.58 |
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|espan= |
|espan=27 |
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|road={{Jct|state=AL|SR|378|dir1=east|to2=y|I|65|name1=Finley Boulevard}} |
|road={{Jct|state=AL|SR|378|dir1=east|to2=y|I|65|name1=Finley Boulevard}} |
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}} |
}} |
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| Line 265: | Line 291: | ||
|road={{Jct|state=AL|SR|25|dir1=south|city1=Vincent}} |
|road={{Jct|state=AL|SR|25|dir1=south|city1=Vincent}} |
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|notes=Eastern end of SR 25 overlap |
|notes=Eastern end of SR 25 overlap |
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}} |
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{{ALint |
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|county=St. Clair |
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|cspan=4 |
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|location=none |
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|type=concur |
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|mile=128.67 |
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|road={{Jct|state=AL|I|20|dir1=west|city1=Birmingham}} |
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|notes=Western end of I-20 overlap |
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}} |
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{{ALint |
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|location=Pell City |
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|lspan=2 |
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|type=concur |
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|mile=131.50 |
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|road={{Jct|state=AL|I|20|dir1=east|location1=[[Atlanta]]}} |
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|notes=Eastern end of I-20 overlap |
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}} |
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{{ALint |
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|mile=134.77 |
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|road={{Jct|state=AL|to1=y|US|231}} |
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}} |
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{{ALint |
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|location=Riverside |
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|mile=138.94 |
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|road={{Jct|state=AL|I|20|city1=Birmingham|location2=[[Atlanta]]}} |
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}} |
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{{ALint |
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|county=Talladega |
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|location=Lincoln |
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|mile=145.10 |
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|road={{Jct|state=AL|SR|77|to2=y|I|20}} |
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}} |
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{{ALint |
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|county=Calhoun |
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|cspan=5 |
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|location=Oxford |
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|lspan=3 |
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|mile=155.96 |
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|road={{Jct|state=AL|SR|202|to2=y|I|20}} |
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}} |
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{{ALint |
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|mile=161.86 |
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|road={{Jct|state=AL|SR|21|to2=y|I|20|extra=airport|city1=Anniston|city2=Talladega}} |
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|notes=Access to [[Talladega Municipal Airport]] |
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}} |
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{{ALint |
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|mile=164.35 |
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|road={{Jct|state=AL|to1=y|US|431|I|20|city1=Anniston}} |
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}} |
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{{ALint |
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|location=none |
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|mile=168.15 |
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|road={{Jct|state=AL|SR|301|to2=y|I|20|US|431}} |
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}} |
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{{ALint |
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|location=none |
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|type=concur |
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|mile=172.22 |
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|road={{Jct|state=AL|SR|9|dir1=north|location1=[[White Plains, Calhoun County, Alabama|White Plains]]|city2=Piedmont}} |
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|notes=Western end of SR 9 overlap |
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}} |
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{{ALint |
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|county=Cleburne |
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|cspan=4 |
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|location=none |
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|mile=173.88 |
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|road={{Jct|state=AL|SR|281|dir1=south|name1=Talladega Scenic Drive|location1=[[Cheaha State Park]]}} |
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}} |
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{{ALint |
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|location=Heflin |
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|lspan=2 |
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|type=concur |
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|mile=176.49 |
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|road={{Jct|state=AL|SR|9|dir1=south|to2=y|I|20|city1=Lineville|city2=Montgomery}} |
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|notes=Eastern end of SR 9 overlap |
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}} |
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{{ALint |
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|mile=177.72 |
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|road={{Jct|state=AL|SR|46|dir1=east|to2=y|I|20|city1=Ranburne}} |
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}} |
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{{ALint |
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|location=none |
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|mile=193.67 |
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|road={{Jct|state=GA|US|78|dir1=east|SR|8|dir2=east|city1=Tallapoosa}} |
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|notes=Continuation into [[Georgia (U.S. state)|Georgia]] |
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}} |
}} |
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{{Jctbtm|exit}} |
{{Jctbtm|exit}} |
||
== See also == |
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118.17 at county line |
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* [[Interstate 22]] |
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== References == |
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{{reflist}} |
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==External links== |
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*[[St. Clair County, Alabama|Saint Clair County]] |
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{{Attached KML}} |
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** {{jct|state=AL|I|20|dir1=west}} |
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*{{commons category-inline}} |
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** {{jct|state=AL|I|20|dir1=east}} |
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** {{jct|state=AL|US|231}} |
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*[[Talladega County, Alabama|Talladega County]] |
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** {{jct|state=AL|SR|77}} |
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** {{jct|state=AL|SR|202}} |
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** {{jct|state=AL|SR|21}} |
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** {{jct|state=AL|US|431|dir1=north}} |
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** {{jct|state=AL|US|431|dir1=south}} |
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** {{jct|state=AL|SR|9|dir1=north}} |
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*[[Cleburne County, Alabama|Cleburne County]] |
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** {{jct|state=AL|SR|281}} |
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** {{jct|state=AL|SR|9|dir1=south}} |
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** {{jct|state=AL|SR|46}} |
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**[[U.S. Route 78 in Georgia|Continuation into Georgia]] |
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[[Category:U.S. Highways in Alabama]] |
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== References == |
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[[Category:U.S. Route 78]] |
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Latest revision as of 21:57, 6 November 2024
 U.S. Route 78 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| State Route 4 | ||||
 US 78 highlighted in red | ||||
| Route information | ||||
| Maintained by ALDOT | ||||
| Existed | 1926–present | |||
| Major junctions | ||||
| West end |   I-22 / US 78 at the Mississippi state line | |||
| East end | US 78 at the Georgia state line | |||
| Location | ||||
| Country | United States | |||
| State | Alabama | |||
| Counties | Marion, Walker, Jefferson, Saint Clair, Talladega, Calhoun, Cleburne | |||
| Highway system | ||||
| ||||
| ||||
| ||||
U.S. Route 78 (US 78) is a major east–west U.S. Highway across the central part of Alabama. It is internally designated State Route 4 (SR 4) by the Alabama Department of Transportation (ALDOT), though the only section of SR 4 that is signed is along portions mainly west of Jasper. The section from the Mississippi state line to near Graysville is concurrent with Interstate 22 (I-22); from Graysville south to Birmingham, US 78 takes its original routing. East of Birmingham to the Georgia state line, US 78 has been replaced as a major through-route by I-20. The two routes roughly parallel each other, with junctions at Leeds and Pell City.[1][2]
West of Jasper, old US 78 is signed as SR 118 to Guin, and the segment from Guin northward to I-22 at Hamilton is signed as US 43/US 278.
Route description
[edit]I-22 concurrency
[edit]I-22/Bankhead Highway interchange to Georgia state line
[edit]US 78 leaves its concurrency with I-22 at exit 85 and joins SR 5 (Bankhead Highway) near Graysville. One mile later, it has an interchange linking Graysville and West Jefferson. It then has an interchange with Hillcrest Road in Adamsville before crossing through Forestdale and Birmingham.[1]
In the neighborhood of North Pratt, US 78/SR 5 has an interchange. The road then curves south after intersecting with SR 378. It then meets I-20/I-59 at Birmingham–Southern College. Near Legion Field, US 78 turns east along US 11, while SR 5 turns west along US 11. In the downtown area of Birmingham, US 11/US 78 split into a one-way pair where they meet with I-65. Eastbound US 78 continues east along 3rd Avenue N before turning south onto 13th Street N; westbound traffic continues west along 1st Avenue N before turning north onto 9th Street. US 78 parallels the railroads, including Amtrak's Crescent service; Amtrak trains stop at Birmingham station near 1st Avenue N and 19th Street N. US 78 turns south along 24th Street and then turns east along another one-way pair. Eastbound traffic travels along 4th Avenue S, while westbound traffic travels along 3rd Avenue S. US 31 and US 280 indirectly serve US 78 at a RIRO one block after the split. The split ends at 36th Street S. Starting in Irondale, US 78 begins to have numerous direct or indirect encounters with I-20. In Leeds, it intersects US 411/SR 119 before entering St. Clair County.[1]
US 78 parallels I-20 all the way toward Augusta, Georgia. US 78 enters I-20 at Cooks Springs and leaves the freeway at the next exit near Pell City. US 78 enters the downtown area of Pell City and intersects with US 231. After leaving Pell City and entering Riverside, US 78 finds itself paralleling the Coosa River. After meeting I-20 again, US 78 crosses over a narrow two-lane truss bridge. After crossing the river, the route enters Lincoln and eventually intersects with SR 77 near downtown. The route also enters Oxford and meets SR 202, SR 21, and US 431; US 78 meets US 431 at a one-quadrant interchange. SR 9 runs concurrently with US 78 before entering downtown Heflin. As US 78 leaves the downtown area, US 78 meets with SR 46. US 78 serves Edwardsville and Fruithurst before entering the state of Georgia.[2]
History
[edit]US 78 was formed in 1926 along most of its current route; at the time, it was signed as SR 51, most of SR 8, SR 40, and a part of SR 4.[3] US 78N (former SR 8) and US 78S (former SR 4) were also formed between Heflin, Alabama and Villa Rica, Georgia.[4][5] With a revised system of state routes in 1928, US 78 and US 78N were coupled with SR 4, while US 78S was coupled with SR 46.[6] In 1934, in an effort to abandon almost all suffixed U.S. Routes,[7] US 78S was renumbered to US 78 Alt., while US 78N became part of US 78.[8]
The routing of US 78 in the Birmingham area has changed several times over the years. Prior to 1941, US 78 traveled along 16th Avenue Thomas before turning south along present-day US 78. The route then traveled east along 12th Avenue W, Bankhead Highway, then south along 3rd Street N, and then east along 8th Avenue N.[9] The routing changed in 1941 to travel further along 8th Street W near Birmingham-Southern College and then turn east along 8th Avenue W, passing on the north side of historic Legion Field.[10] Before the early 1950s, US 78 east followed a two-lane road through the heart of Graysville (Main Street) and then shared the current four-lane road until Adamsville when it became Main Street once again and then became Forestdale Boulevard near the present interchange of US 78 and Minor Parkway. The original route crossed US 78 and became Pratt Highway, which goes into the old steel mill community of Pratt City and then into Birmingham. Construction of a 4-lane routing led to a realignment of US 78. Also, US 78 was rerouted onto 3rd Avenue S east of downtown Birmingham.[11]
In 1953, US 78 was rerouted south to bypass Anniston; part of the old alignment became SR 202.[12][13] In 1957, SR 4 was rerouted north between Hamilton and Jasper to serve Natural Bridge and other towns along SR 5 and the newly extended US 278.[14] By 1972, US 78 was rerouted to enter/exit I-20 at Cooks Springs instead of Moody.[15]
Major intersections
[edit]| County | Location | mi[16] | km | Exit | Destinations | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Marion | | 0.000 | 0.000 |   I-22 west / US 78 west (Elvis Aaron Presley Memorial Highway) – Tupelo | Continuation into Mississippi | |
| | 3.93 | 6.32 | 3 |   CR 33 / SR 4 – Bexar | Western end of SR 4 overlap | |
| Hamilton | 7.80 | 12.55 | 7 |    CR 94 to SR 74 – Weston, Hamilton | Provides access to US 278 east and to SR 19 Red Bay | |
| 11.45 | 18.43 | 11 |  SR 17 – Hamilton, Sulligent, York, Butler, Mobile | Also connects to SR 19 | ||
| 14.46 | 23.27 | 14 |  CR 35 – Hamilton | |||
| 16.91 | 27.21 | 16 |    US 43 / US 278 / SR 171 – Hamilton, Guin | |||
| | 22.52 | 36.24 | 22 |  CR 45 | ||
| | 26.24 | 42.23 | 26 |  SR 44 – Brilliant, Guin | Also serves the community of Twin | |
| Winfield | 29.92 | 48.15 | 30 |  SR 129 – Brilliant, Winfield | ||
| | 34.38 | 55.33 | 34 |  SR 233 – Glen Allen, Natural Bridge | ||
| Walker | | 39.62 | 63.76 | 39 |  SR 13 – Natural Bridge, Eldridge | Also access to Fayette and Tuscaloosa via SR 13 south |
| Carbon Hill | 46.87 | 75.43 | 46 |  CR 11 – Carbon Hill, Nauvoo | ||
| | 51.83 | 83.41 | 52 |  SR 118 – Carbon Hill | ||
| | 53.47 | 86.05 | 53 |  SR 102 | Exit not signed | |
| Jasper | 57.40 | 92.38 | 57 |  SR 118 east – Jasper | ||
| 60.54 | 97.43 | 61 |  SR 69 – Jasper, Tuscaloosa | |||
| 62.75 | 100.99 | 63 |  SR 269 – Jasper, Parrish | |||
| 65.26 | 105.03 | 65 | Industrial Parkway – Jasper | |||
| | 70.03 | 112.70 | 70 |  CR 22 – Cordova, Parrish | ||
| | 71.99 | 115.86 | 72 |  CR 61 – Cordova | ||
| | 78.36 | 126.11 | 78 |  CR 81 – Dora, Sumiton | ||
| Jefferson | West Jefferson | 80.75 | 129.95 | 81 | CR 45 – West Jefferson | |
| Graysville | 85.24 | 137.18 | 85 |    I-22 east (SR 4 east) / SR 5 north – Birmingham, Adamsville | Eastern end of I-22 overlap; western end of SR 5 overlap | |
| Adamsville | 89.27 | 143.67 | — |  CR 65 to Hillcrest Road | ||
| Birmingham | 93.45 | 150.39 | – | Daniel Payne Drive | ||
| 95.58 | 153.82 |    SR 378 east (Finley Boulevard) to I-65 | ||||
| 96.14 | 154.72 |   I-20 / I-59 to I-65 | ||||
| 97.25 | 156.51 |   US 11 south / SR 5 south (SR 7 / 3rd Avenue West) | Eastern end of SR 5 overlap; western end of US 11 overlap | |||
| 98.86 | 159.10 | Southwestern end of one-way segment | ||||
| 98.98 | 159.29 |  I-65 south / 10th Street North / 11th Street North – Montgomery | Access only from US 11 north to I-65 south and from I-65 north to US 11 north; I-65 exit 260B | |||
| 99.34 | 159.87 | Northeastern end of one-way segment | ||||
| 100.35 | 161.50 | US 11 north (1st Avenue North) | Eastern end of US 11 overlap | |||
| 100.58– 100.78 | 161.87– 162.19 |   25th Street South / 27th Street South to US 31 / US 280 | ||||
| 106.65 | 171.64 | To I-20 – Birmingham, Atlanta | ||||
| Leeds | 113.37 | 182.45 | I-20 – Birmingham, Atlanta | |||
| 116.20 | 187.01 |  SR 119 south | ||||
| 116.64 | 187.71 |   US 411 north / SR 25 north (9th Street) | Western end of SR 25 overlap | |||
| 117.04 | 188.36 | SR 25 south – Vincent | Eastern end of SR 25 overlap | |||
| St. Clair | | 128.67 | 207.07 | I-20 west – Birmingham | Western end of I-20 overlap | |
| Pell City | 131.50 | 211.63 | I-20 east – Atlanta | Eastern end of I-20 overlap | ||
| 134.77 | 216.89 |  To US 231 | ||||
| Riverside | 138.94 | 223.60 | I-20 – Birmingham, Atlanta | |||
| Talladega | Lincoln | 145.10 | 233.52 |  SR 77 to I-20 | ||
| Calhoun | Oxford | 155.96 | 250.99 |  SR 202 to I-20 | ||
| 161.86 | 260.49 |   SR 21 to I-20 – Anniston, Talladega | Access to Talladega Municipal Airport | |||
| 164.35 | 264.50 |  To US 431 / I-20 – Anniston | ||||
| | 168.15 | 270.61 |  SR 301 to I-20 / US 431 | |||
| | 172.22 | 277.16 |  SR 9 north – White Plains, Piedmont | Western end of SR 9 overlap | ||
| Cleburne | | 173.88 | 279.83 |  SR 281 south (Talladega Scenic Drive) – Cheaha State Park | ||
| Heflin | 176.49 | 284.03 | SR 9 south to I-20 – Lineville, Montgomery | Eastern end of SR 9 overlap | ||
| 177.72 | 286.01 |  SR 46 east to I-20 – Ranburne | ||||
| | 193.67 | 311.68 |  US 78 east / SR 8 east – Tallapoosa | Continuation into Georgia | ||
| 1.000 mi = 1.609 km; 1.000 km = 0.621 mi | ||||||
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ a b c "Overview Map of US 78 (AL; 1)" (Map). Google Maps. Retrieved January 2, 2023.
- ^ a b "Overview Map of US 78 (AL; 2)" (Map). Google Maps. Retrieved January 5, 2023.
- ^ Salmon, F.A. (1926). System of State Roads (Map). 1:887,000. Montgomery: Alabama State Highway Department. Retrieved January 5, 2023.
- ^ Bureau of Public Roads & American Association of State Highway Officials (November 11, 1926). United States System of Highways Adopted for Uniform Marking by the American Association of State Highway Officials (Map). 1:7,000,000. Washington, DC: United States Geological Survey. OCLC 32889555. Retrieved January 5, 2023 – via Wikimedia Commons.
- ^ Alabama State Highway Department (1925). Progress Map Showing Roads Completed and Under Construction (Map). 1:1,303,406. Montgomery: Alabama State Highway Department. Retrieved January 5, 2023.
- ^ Alabama Highway Department (1928). State Road Map of Alabama (Map). 1:1,000,000. Montgomery: Alabama Highway Department. Retrieved January 5, 2023.
- ^ U.S. Route Numbering Committee (1934). [Report of the U.S. Route Numbering Committee to the Executive Committee] (PDF) (Report). Washington, DC: American Association of State Highway Officials. Retrieved January 5, 2023 – via Wikimedia Commons.
- ^ General Drafting Company, Inc. (1934). State Road Map of Alabama (Map). 1:1,000,000. Montgomery: Alabama Highway Department. Retrieved January 5, 2023.
- ^ Alabama Highway Department (1939). Alabama Official Highway Map (Map). 1:750,000. Montgomery: Alabama Highway Department. Retrieved January 5, 2023.
- ^ Alabama Highway Department (1941). Alabama Highways (Map). 1:760,000. Montgomery: Alabama Highway Department. Retrieved January 5, 2023.
- ^ Alabama Highway Department (1954). Alabama Highways (Map). 1:950,000. Montgomery: Alabama Highway Department. Retrieved January 5, 2023.
- ^ U.S. Route Numbering Committee (1953). [Report of the U.S. Route Numbering Committee to the Executive Committee] (PDF) (Report). Washington, DC: American Association of State Highway Officials. Retrieved January 5, 2023 – via Wikimedia Commons.
- ^ Alabama Highway Department (1953). Official Highway Map (Map). 1:1,000,000. Montgomery: Alabama Highway Department. Retrieved January 5, 2023.
- ^ Alabama Highway Department (1957). Official 1957 Alabama Highway Map (Map). 1:825,000. Montgomery: Alabama Highway Department. Retrieved January 7, 2023.
- ^ Alabama Highway Department (1972). Official 1972 Alabama Highway Map (Map). 1:950,000. Montgomery: Alabama Highway Department. Retrieved January 7, 2023.
- ^ "Milepost Web". Alabama Department of Transportation. Retrieved August 28, 2022.
External links
[edit]KML is not from Wikidata
Media related to U.S. Route 78 in Alabama at Wikimedia Commons
