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Coordinates: 43°06′29″N 144°24′04″E / 43.108°N 144.401°E / 43.108; 144.401
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{{Short description|National park in Hokkaido, Japan}}
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{{Infobox_protected_area | name = Kushiro Shitsugen National Park</br >釧路湿原国立公園
{{Infobox Protected area
| iucn_category = II
⚫
| name = Kushiro-Shitsugen National Park<br />釧路湿原国立公園
| image =
| caption =
| iucn_category = II
| photo = Kushirositsugen_Hosooka_Tenboudai01.jpg
| locator_x =
| locator_y =
| photo_caption =
| location = [[Hokkaidō]], [[Japan]]
| location = [[Hokkaido]], Japan
| nearest_city =
| nearest_city =
| coords = {{coord|43.108|N|144.401|E|region:JP_type:landmark|display=inline,title}}
| lat_degrees =
| map = Japan Hokkaido#Japan
| lat_minutes =
| map_caption = Location of Kushiro-Shitsugen National Park
| lat_seconds =
| label = Kushiro-Shitsugen National Park
| lat_direction =
| long_degrees =
| relief = y
| area_km2 = 268.61
| long_minutes =
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| established = 31 July 1987
| long_seconds =
| long_direction =
| visitation_num =
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| visitation_year =
| area = 266.81 km²
| governing_body = [[Ministry of the Environment (Japan)]]
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| established = [[July 31]], [[1987]]
|embedded = {{Designation list
| visitation_num =
| embed = yes
⚫
| visitation_year =
| designation1 = Ramsar
| governing_body =
| designation1_offname = Kushiro-shitsugen
| designation1_date = 17 June 1980
| designation1_number = 205<ref>{{Cite web|title=Kushiro-shitsugen|website=[[Ramsar Convention|Ramsar]] Sites Information Service|url=https://rsis.ramsar.org/ris/205|access-date=25 April 2018}}</ref>}}
}}
}}


{{Nihongo|'''Kushiro Shitsugen National Park'''|阿寒国立公園|Kushiro Shitsugen Kokuritsu Kōen}} is a [[national park]] located in the eastern part of the island of [[Hokkaidō]], [[Japan]]. It has been designated to the status of national park on 31st July [[1987]] and is number 28 among Japan's national parks. Kushiro Shitsugen covers an area of 26861 ha (larger than the area of [[Tokyo]]) and contains the
{{Nihongo|'''Kushiro-Shitsugen National Park'''|釧路湿原国立公園|Kushiro-Shitsugen Kokuritsu Kōen<ref>''Imidas Atlas of Japan'', Shueisha</ref>}} is a [[national park]] located in the east of the island of [[Hokkaido]], [[Japan]]. It was designated as a national park on 31 July 1987.<ref>''Teikoku's Complete Atlas of Japan'', {{ISBN|4-8071-0004-1}}</ref> The park is known for its [[wetlands]] [[ecosystems]].<ref name="enc">{{cite encyclopedia|encyclopedia=Encyclopedia of Japan |title=Kushiro Shitsugen National Park |url=http://rekishi.jkn21.com/ |access-date=2012-06-14 |year=2012 |publisher=Shogakukan |location=Tokyo |oclc=56431036 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070825113418/http://rekishi.jkn21.com/ |archive-date=2007-08-25 }}</ref><ref name="d">{{cite encyclopedia|encyclopedia=Dijitaru daijisen |title=釧路湿原国立公園 |url=http://rekishi.jkn21.com/ |access-date=2012-06-18 |year=2012 |publisher=Shogakukan |location=Tokyo |language=ja |trans-title=Kushiro Shitsugen National Park |oclc=56431036 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070825113418/http://rekishi.jkn21.com/ |archive-date=2007-08-25 }}</ref>
largest tracts of reedbeds in Japan. During the [[Ramsar Convention]] [[1980]] in which Japan participated, it was first registered as a peatland with raised bogs. In [[1967]] the wetlands themselves had been designated as national natural monument.
For that reason access is strictly limited and the most typical scenery in Hokkaidō has been preserved.


Kushiro-shitsugen (Kushiro Wetlands or Kushiro [[Swamp]] or [[Marshland]]<ref>''Kenkyusha's New Japanese-English Dictionary'', {{ISBN|4-7674-2015-6}}</ref>) covers an area of {{convert|268.61|km2|mi2}} on the [[Kushiro Plain]] (Kushiro-heiya) and contains the largest tracts of [[reedbeds]] in Japan.<ref name="d"/> The [[Kushiro River]] ({{Convert|154|km|mi}}), which originates in [[Lake Kussharo]], meanders through much of the park. During the [[Ramsar Convention]] of 1980, in which Japan participated, the park was first registered as a [[peatland]] with raised [[bogs]]. In 1967, the [[wetlands]] (''shitsugen'') themselves had been designated as a national [[Natural Monument|natural monument]].<ref name="enc"/> For that reason, access is strictly limited and the landscape, most typical of Hokkaido, has been preserved.<ref>{{cite encyclopedia|encyclopedia=Encyclopedia of Japan |title=Kushirogawa |url=http://rekishi.jkn21.com/ |access-date=2012-06-20 |year=2012 |publisher=Shogakukan |location=Tokyo |oclc=56431036 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070825113418/http://rekishi.jkn21.com/ |archive-date=2007-08-25 }}</ref>
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[[reed (plant)|Reed]], [[sedge]]s, [[peat moss]] wetlands, [[black alder]] thickets, rivers that bend freely back and forth, groups of lakes and marshes and the like comprise a varied environment. It is considered to be a valuable treasure house for wild species such as the [[Red-crowned Crane]], [[Ito (Fish)|Ito]] (Hucho perryi), [[Siberian Salamander]] (Salamandrella keyserlingii) and dragonfly ([[Leucorrhinia intermedia ijimai]]) among others.


The area was the setting for the 2014 [[Studio Ghibli]] film [[When Marnie Was There (film)|When Marnie Was There]].
[[File:Senmo Line Lake Touro.jpg|thumb|Train passing through, Kushiro Wetlands, in Hokkaido, Japan]]


==Wildlife==
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==Related cities, towns and villages==
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The vegetation of the park consists of [[Phragmites|reeds]], [[Cyperaceae|sedges]], [[peat moss]] [[wetlands]], [[Alnus glutinosa|black alder]] [[thicket]]s. The rivers which bend freely back and forth, groups of lakes and marshes, and other wet ecosystems comprise a varied environment. Kushiro-shitsugen is home to over 600 species of plants.<ref name="enc"/> The park is a valuable haven for wild species such as the [[red-crowned crane]] (''Grus japonensis''), [[huchen]] (''Hucho perryi''), [[Siberian salamander]] (''Salamandrella keyserlingii'') and [[dragonfly]] (''Leucorrhinia intermedia ijimai'').

== Geography ==
{{Wide image|Kushiro_Marsh_Wetland_Hokkaido_Panorama_2014.png|600px|A panoramic view of Kushiro Marsh, September 2014}}

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==Related cities, towns, and villages==
*[[Kushiro Subprefecture]]
*[[Kushiro Subprefecture]]
**[[Kushiro, Hokkaidō]]
**[[Kushiro, Hokkaidō]]
**[[Kushiro, Hokkaido (town)]]
**[[Kushiro, Hokkaidō (town)]]
**[[Shibecha, Hokkaido]]
**[[Shibecha, Hokkaidō]]
**[[Tsurui, Hokkaido]]
**[[Tsurui, Hokkaidō]]

==See also==
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*[[List of national parks of Japan]]

==References==
{{reflist}}


== External links ==
== External links ==
* {{in lang|en}} [https://www.japan.travel/national-parks/parks/kushiroshitsugen/ Kushiroshitsugen National Park] - National Parks of Japan
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*[http://www.biodic.go.jp/english/jpark/np/kusiro_e.html J-IBIS]
* {{in lang|ja}} [https://www.env.go.jp/park/kushiro/ Kushiroshitsugen National Park] - National Parks of Japan
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*[https://web.archive.org/web/20120204215241/http://www.biodic.go.jp/english/jpark/np/kusiro_e.html J-IBIS]
*[http://www.kushiro.env.gr.jp/saisei/english/top_e.html Nature Restoration Project]
*[http://www.kushiro.env.gr.jp/saisei/english/top_e.html Nature Restoration Project]
*[http://www.ramsar.org/ Ramsar]]
*[http://www.ramsar.org/ Ramsar]
*[http://www.sizenken.biodic.go.jp/park/cgi-bin/page_np.cgi?park=kushiro Kushiro Shitsugen National Park] (in Japanese)


{{National parks of Japan}}
{{Hokkaido-geo-stub}} {{Protected-area-stub}}


{{authority control}}
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[[Category:National parks of Japan]]
[[Category:釧路支庁|くしろしつけんこくりつこうえん]]


[[Category:National parks of Japan]]
[[ja:釧路湿原国立公園]]
[[Category:Parks and gardens in Hokkaido]]
[[fi:Kushiron suomaan kansallispuisto]]
[[Category:Protected areas established in 1987]]
[[Category:Ramsar sites in Japan]]

Latest revision as of 03:36, 11 July 2024

Kushiro-Shitsugen National Park
釧路湿原国立公園
Map showing the location of Kushiro-Shitsugen National Park 釧路湿原国立公園
Map showing the location of Kushiro-Shitsugen National Park 釧路湿原国立公園
Kushiro-Shitsugen National Park
Location of Kushiro-Shitsugen National Park
Map showing the location of Kushiro-Shitsugen National Park 釧路湿原国立公園
Map showing the location of Kushiro-Shitsugen National Park 釧路湿原国立公園
Kushiro-Shitsugen National Park
Kushiro-Shitsugen National Park (Japan)
LocationHokkaido, Japan
Coordinates43°06′29″N 144°24′04″E / 43.108°N 144.401°E / 43.108; 144.401
Area268.61 km2 (103.71 sq mi)
Established31 July 1987
Governing bodyMinistry of the Environment (Japan)
Official nameKushiro-shitsugen
Designated17 June 1980
Reference no.205[1]

Kushiro-Shitsugen National Park (釧路湿原国立公園, Kushiro-Shitsugen Kokuritsu Kōen[2]) is a national park located in the east of the island of Hokkaido, Japan. It was designated as a national park on 31 July 1987.[3] The park is known for its wetlands ecosystems.[4][5]

Kushiro-shitsugen (Kushiro Wetlands or Kushiro Swamp or Marshland[6]) covers an area of 268.61 square kilometres (103.71 sq mi) on the Kushiro Plain (Kushiro-heiya) and contains the largest tracts of reedbeds in Japan.[5] The Kushiro River (154 kilometres (96 mi)), which originates in Lake Kussharo, meanders through much of the park. During the Ramsar Convention of 1980, in which Japan participated, the park was first registered as a peatland with raised bogs. In 1967, the wetlands (shitsugen) themselves had been designated as a national natural monument.[4] For that reason, access is strictly limited and the landscape, most typical of Hokkaido, has been preserved.[7]

The area was the setting for the 2014 Studio Ghibli film When Marnie Was There.

Train passing through, Kushiro Wetlands, in Hokkaido, Japan

Wildlife

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The vegetation of the park consists of reeds, sedges, peat moss wetlands, black alder thickets. The rivers which bend freely back and forth, groups of lakes and marshes, and other wet ecosystems comprise a varied environment. Kushiro-shitsugen is home to over 600 species of plants.[4] The park is a valuable haven for wild species such as the red-crowned crane (Grus japonensis), huchen (Hucho perryi), Siberian salamander (Salamandrella keyserlingii) and dragonfly (Leucorrhinia intermedia ijimai).

Geography

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A panoramic view of Kushiro Marsh, September 2014
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See also

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References

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  1. ^ "Kushiro-shitsugen". Ramsar Sites Information Service. Retrieved 25 April 2018.
  2. ^ Imidas Atlas of Japan, Shueisha
  3. ^ Teikoku's Complete Atlas of Japan, ISBN 4-8071-0004-1
  4. ^ a b c "Kushiro Shitsugen National Park". Encyclopedia of Japan. Tokyo: Shogakukan. 2012. OCLC 56431036. Archived from the original on 2007-08-25. Retrieved 2012-06-14.
  5. ^ a b "釧路湿原国立公園" [Kushiro Shitsugen National Park]. Dijitaru daijisen (in Japanese). Tokyo: Shogakukan. 2012. OCLC 56431036. Archived from the original on 2007-08-25. Retrieved 2012-06-18.
  6. ^ Kenkyusha's New Japanese-English Dictionary, ISBN 4-7674-2015-6
  7. ^ "Kushirogawa". Encyclopedia of Japan. Tokyo: Shogakukan. 2012. OCLC 56431036. Archived from the original on 2007-08-25. Retrieved 2012-06-20.
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