Pamela Harris (judge): Difference between revisions

Pamela Harris
Pamela Harris
	Harris in 2022
Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit
	Incumbent
	Assumed office ; July 29, 2014
Appointed by	Barack Obama
Preceded by	Andre M. Davis
Personal details
Born	September 23, 1962 (age 62); Hartford, Connecticut, U.S.
Education	Yale University (BA, JD)

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Pamela Ann Harris (born September 23, 1962) is a United States circuit judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit. Prior to joining the federal bench, she was an associate professor at the University of Pennsylvania Law School, and visiting professor at the Georgetown University Law Center and executive director of its Supreme Court Institute.

Early life and education

Harris graduated from Walt Whitman High School in Bethesda, Maryland. She received a Bachelor of Arts degree, summa cum laude, in 1985 from Yale College. She received a Juris Doctor in 1990 from Yale Law School. She served as a law clerk to Judge Harry T. Edwards of the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit, from 1990 to 1991. She worked as an associate at the law firm of Shea & Gardner (now Goodwin Procter LLP) in Washington, D.C. from 1991 to 1992. She served as a law clerk to Justice John Paul Stevens of the United States Supreme Court, from 1992 to 1993.^[1]

Career

Harris served as an attorney-advisor in the United States Department of Justice's Office of Legal Counsel, from 1993 to 1996. From 1996 to 1999, she was an associate professor at the University of Pennsylvania Law School, earning the Harvey Levin Memorial Teaching Award. She previously served as the Principal Deputy Assistant Attorney General of the Office of Legal Policy at the United States Department of Justice. She joined O'Melveny & Myers LLP as counsel in 1999, where she specialized in appellate and Supreme Court litigation, becoming partner in 2005. Beginning in 2007, concurrently with her private practice, she co-directed Harvard Law School's Supreme Court and Appellate Practice Clinic and was a visiting professor at Georgetown University Law Center. In 2009, she was named the Executive Director of the Supreme Court Institute at Georgetown, serving in that position until 2010, when she joined the Office of Legal Policy. She returned to Georgetown in 2012 and served in that capacity until her appointment as a federal judge in 2014.^[1]

Federal judicial service

On May 8, 2014, President Barack Obama nominated Harris to serve as a United States Circuit Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit, to the seat vacated by Judge Andre M. Davis, who assumed senior status on February 28, 2014.^[2] She received a hearing on her nomination on Tuesday, June 24, 2014.^[3] On July 17, 2014, her nomination was reported out of committee by a 10–8 vote.^[4] On July 22, 2014, U.S. Senate Majority Leader Harry Reid filed for cloture on Harris's nomination. On July 24, 2014, the United States Senate invoked cloture on her nomination by a 54–41 vote.^[5] On July 28, 2014, her nomination was confirmed by a 50–43 vote.^[6] She received her judicial commission the next day.^[7]

In 2024, Judge Harris wrote the Fourth Circuit's majority opinion in Billard v. Charlotte Catholic High School, where she held that a parochial school could fire a secondary English and drama teacher for being gay.^[8] Harris, who was joined by Circuit Judge Paul V. Niemeyer, held that religious schools have a constitutional right to select their own "ministers" who adhere to Catholic teachings.^[9] In upholding the English and drama teacher's dismissal, Harris wrote that he "may have been teaching Romeo and Juliet, but he was doing so after consultation with religious teachers to ensure that he was teaching through a faith-based lens."^[10]

Personal life

Harris is married to Austin Schlick,^[11] Executive Director of the U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission^[12] and former Federal Communications Commission general counsel.^[13]

References

^ ^a ^b "President Obama Nominates Pamela Harris to Serve on the United States Court of Appeals". whitehouse.gov. May 8, 2014 – via National Archives.
^ "Presidential Nominations Sent to the Senate". whitehouse.gov. May 8, 2014 – via National Archives.
^ "United States Senate Committee on the Judiciary". June 24, 2014.
^ "Results of Executive Business Meeting – July 17, 2014" (PDF).
^ "On the Cloture Motion (Motion to Invoke Cloture on the Nomination of Pamela Harris, of Maryland, to be U.S. Circuit Judge for the Fourth Circuit)". United States Senate. July 24, 2014.
^ "On the Nomination (Confirmation of Pamela Harris, of Maryland, to be U.S. Circuit Judge for the Fourth Circuit)". United States Senate. July 28, 2014.
^ Pamela Harris at the Biographical Directory of Federal Judges, a publication of the Federal Judicial Center.
^ Harris, Pamela. "Billard v. Charlotte Catholic High School" (PDF). United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit. United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit. Retrieved May 11, 2024.
^ Wiessner, Daniel. "Gay drama teacher can't sue Catholic school over firing, 4th Circ. says". Reuters Legal. Thomson Reuters. Retrieved May 11, 2024.
^ Wiessner, Daniel. "Gay drama teacher can't sue Catholic school over firing, 4th Circ. says". Reuters Legal. Thomson Reuters. Retrieved May 11, 2024.
^ "Weddings – Pamela Harris, Austin Schlick". The New York Times. March 20, 1994. Retrieved May 25, 2017.
^ "Organization Chart". U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission. Retrieved October 18, 2024.
^ "FCC". Archived from the original on December 20, 2014.

External links

Pamela Harris at the Biographical Directory of Federal Judges, a publication of the Federal Judicial Center.
Pamela Harris at Ballotpedia

Legal offices
Preceded by Andre M. Davis	Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit 2014–present	Incumbent

[whitehouse.gov-1] "President Obama Nominates Pamela Harris to Serve on the United States Court of Appeals". whitehouse.gov. May 8, 2014 – via National Archives.

[2] "Presidential Nominations Sent to the Senate". whitehouse.gov. May 8, 2014 – via National Archives.

[3] "United States Senate Committee on the Judiciary". June 24, 2014.

[4] "Results of Executive Business Meeting – July 17, 2014" (PDF).

[5] "On the Cloture Motion (Motion to Invoke Cloture on the Nomination of Pamela Harris, of Maryland, to be U.S. Circuit Judge for the Fourth Circuit)". United States Senate. July 24, 2014.

[6] "On the Nomination (Confirmation of Pamela Harris, of Maryland, to be U.S. Circuit Judge for the Fourth Circuit)". United States Senate. July 28, 2014.

[7] Pamela Harris at the Biographical Directory of Federal Judges, a publication of the Federal Judicial Center.

[8] Harris, Pamela. "Billard v. Charlotte Catholic High School" (PDF). United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit. United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit. Retrieved May 11, 2024.

[9] Wiessner, Daniel. "Gay drama teacher can't sue Catholic school over firing, 4th Circ. says". Reuters Legal. Thomson Reuters. Retrieved May 11, 2024.

[10] Wiessner, Daniel. "Gay drama teacher can't sue Catholic school over firing, 4th Circ. says". Reuters Legal. Thomson Reuters. Retrieved May 11, 2024.

[11] "Weddings – Pamela Harris, Austin Schlick". The New York Times. March 20, 1994. Retrieved May 25, 2017.

[12] "Organization Chart". U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission. Retrieved October 18, 2024.

[13] "FCC". Archived from the original on December 20, 2014.

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@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
+{{Use mdy dates|date=June 2023}}
-{{Short description|American judge}}
+{{Short description|American judge (born 1962)}}
 {{Infobox officeholder
 |name        = Pamela Harris
@@ Line 20: / Line 21: @@
 ==Early life and education==
-Harris graduated from [[Walt Whitman High School (Bethesda, Maryland)|Walt Whitman High School]] in [[Bethesda, Maryland|Bethesda]], [[Maryland]]. She received a [[Bachelor of Arts]] degree, summa cum laude, in 1985 from [[Yale College]]. She received a [[Juris Doctor]] in 1990 from [[Yale Law School]]. She served as a [[law clerk]] to Judge [[Harry T. Edwards]] of the [[United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit]], from 1990 to 1991. She worked as an associate at the law firm of Shea & Gardner (now [[Goodwin Procter|Goodwin Procter LLP]]) in [[Washington, D.C.]] from 1991 to 1992. She served as a law clerk to Justice [[John Paul Stevens]] of the [[United States Supreme Court]], from 1992 to 1993.<ref name="whitehouse.gov">{{cite web|url=https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/the-press-office/2014/05/08/president-obama-nominates-pamela-harris-serve-united-states-court-appeal|work=[[whitehouse.gov]]|title=President Obama Nominates Pamela Harris to Serve on the United States Court of Appeals|via=[[NARA|National Archives]]|date=8 May 2014}}</ref>
+Harris graduated from [[Walt Whitman High School (Bethesda, Maryland)|Walt Whitman High School]] in [[Bethesda, Maryland|Bethesda]], [[Maryland]]. She received a [[Bachelor of Arts]] degree, summa cum laude, in 1985 from [[Yale College]]. She received a [[Juris Doctor]] in 1990 from [[Yale Law School]]. She served as a [[law clerk]] to Judge [[Harry T. Edwards]] of the [[United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit]], from 1990 to 1991. She worked as an associate at the law firm of Shea & Gardner (now [[Goodwin Procter|Goodwin Procter LLP]]) in [[Washington, D.C.]] from 1991 to 1992. She served as a law clerk to Justice [[John Paul Stevens]] of the [[United States Supreme Court]], from 1992 to 1993.<ref name="whitehouse.gov">{{cite web|url=https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/the-press-office/2014/05/08/president-obama-nominates-pamela-harris-serve-united-states-court-appeal|work=[[whitehouse.gov]]|title=President Obama Nominates Pamela Harris to Serve on the United States Court of Appeals|via=[[NARA|National Archives]]|date=May 8, 2014}}</ref>
+==Career==
-==Professional career==
-Harris served as an attorney-advisor in the [[United States Department of Justice]]'s [[Office of Legal Counsel]], from 1993 to 1996. From 1996 to 1999, she was an [[Professor|Associate Professor]] at the [[University of Pennsylvania Law School]], earning the Harvey Levin Memorial Teaching Award. She previously served as the Principal Deputy Assistant Attorney General of the Office of Legal Policy at the [[United States Department of Justice]]. She joined [[O'Melveny & Myers|O'Melveny & Myers LLP]] as counsel in 1999, where she specialized in appellate and Supreme Court litigation, becoming partner in 2005. Beginning in 2007, concurrently with her private practice, she co-directed [[Harvard Law School]]'s Supreme Court and Appellate Practice Clinic and was a visiting professor at [[Georgetown University Law Center]]. In 2009, she was named the Executive Director of the Supreme Court Institute at Georgetown, serving in that position until 2010, when she joined the [[Office of Legal Policy]]. She returned to Georgetown in 2012 and served in that capacity until her appointment as a federal judge in 2014.<ref name="whitehouse.gov"/>
+Harris served as an attorney-advisor in the [[United States Department of Justice]]'s [[Office of Legal Counsel]], from 1993 to 1996. From 1996 to 1999, she was an associate professor at the [[University of Pennsylvania Law School]], earning the Harvey Levin Memorial Teaching Award. She previously served as the Principal Deputy Assistant Attorney General of the Office of Legal Policy at the [[United States Department of Justice]]. She joined [[O'Melveny & Myers|O'Melveny & Myers LLP]] as counsel in 1999, where she specialized in appellate and Supreme Court litigation, becoming partner in 2005. Beginning in 2007, concurrently with her private practice, she co-directed [[Harvard Law School]]'s Supreme Court and Appellate Practice Clinic and was a visiting professor at [[Georgetown University Law Center]]. In 2009, she was named the Executive Director of the Supreme Court Institute at Georgetown, serving in that position until 2010, when she joined the [[Office of Legal Policy]]. She returned to Georgetown in 2012 and served in that capacity until her appointment as a federal judge in 2014.<ref name="whitehouse.gov"/>
+===Federal judicial service===
-==Federal judicial service==
 [[File:Pamela Harris (Judge) (cropped).jpg|thumb|right|250px|U.S. Senate Judiciary Committee hearing]]
-On May 8, 2014, President [[Barack Obama]] nominated Harris to serve as a United States Circuit Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit, to the seat vacated by Judge [[Andre M. Davis]], who assumed [[senior status]] on February 28, 2014.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/the-press-office/2014/05/08/presidential-nominations-sent-senate|work=[[whitehouse.gov]]|title=Presidential Nominations Sent to the Senate|via=[[NARA|National Archives]]|date=8 May 2014}}</ref> She received a hearing on her nomination on Tuesday, June 24, 2014.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.judiciary.senate.gov/meetings/judicial-nominations-2014-06-24|title=United States Senate Committee on the Judiciary}}</ref> On July 17, 2014 her nomination was reported out of committee by a 10–8 vote.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.judiciary.senate.gov/imo/media/doc/Results%20of%20Executive%20Business%20Meeting%20-%2007-17-14.pdf|title=Results of Executive Business Meeting – July 17, 2014}}</ref> On July 22, 2014, U.S. Senate Majority Leader [[Harry Reid]] filed for cloture on Harris's nomination. On July 24, 2014, the [[United States Senate]] invoked [[cloture]] on her nomination by a 54–41 vote.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.senate.gov/legislative/LIS/roll_call_lists/roll_call_vote_cfm.cfm?congress=113&session=2&vote=00241|title=On the Cloture Motion (Motion to Invoke Cloture on the Nomination of Pamela Harris, of Maryland, to be U.S. Circuit Judge for the Fourth Circuit)|publisher=United States Senate|date=July 24, 2014}}</ref> On July 28, 2014, her nomination was confirmed by a 50–43 vote.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.senate.gov/legislative/LIS/roll_call_lists/roll_call_vote_cfm.cfm?congress=113&session=2&vote=00242|title=On the Nomination (Confirmation of Pamela Harris, of Maryland, to be U.S. Circuit Judge for the Fourth Circuit)|publisher=United States Senate|date=July 28, 2014}}</ref> She received her judicial commission the next day.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.fjc.gov/history/judges/harris-pamela-ann|title=Harris, Pamela Ann – Federal Judicial Center|website=www.fjc.gov}}</ref>
+On May 8, 2014, President [[Barack Obama]] nominated Harris to serve as a United States Circuit Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit, to the seat vacated by Judge [[Andre M. Davis]], who assumed [[senior status]] on February 28, 2014.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/the-press-office/2014/05/08/presidential-nominations-sent-senate|work=[[whitehouse.gov]]|title=Presidential Nominations Sent to the Senate|via=[[NARA|National Archives]]|date=May 8, 2014}}</ref> She received a hearing on her nomination on Tuesday, June 24, 2014.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.judiciary.senate.gov/meetings/judicial-nominations-2014-06-24|title=United States Senate Committee on the Judiciary|date=June 24, 2014 }}</ref> On July 17, 2014, her nomination was reported out of committee by a 10–8 vote.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.judiciary.senate.gov/imo/media/doc/Results%20of%20Executive%20Business%20Meeting%20-%2007-17-14.pdf|title=Results of Executive Business Meeting – July 17, 2014}}</ref> On July 22, 2014, U.S. Senate Majority Leader [[Harry Reid]] filed for cloture on Harris's nomination. On July 24, 2014, the [[United States Senate]] invoked [[cloture]] on her nomination by a 54–41 vote.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.senate.gov/legislative/LIS/roll_call_lists/roll_call_vote_cfm.cfm?congress=113&session=2&vote=00241|title=On the Cloture Motion (Motion to Invoke Cloture on the Nomination of Pamela Harris, of Maryland, to be U.S. Circuit Judge for the Fourth Circuit)|publisher=United States Senate|date=July 24, 2014}}</ref> On July 28, 2014, her nomination was confirmed by a 50–43 vote.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.senate.gov/legislative/LIS/roll_call_lists/roll_call_vote_cfm.cfm?congress=113&session=2&vote=00242|title=On the Nomination (Confirmation of Pamela Harris, of Maryland, to be U.S. Circuit Judge for the Fourth Circuit)|publisher=United States Senate|date=July 28, 2014}}</ref> She received her judicial commission the next day.<ref>{{FJC Bio|nid=1394626|inline=yes}}</ref>
+In 2024, Judge Harris wrote the [[Fourth Circuit]]'s majority opinion in ''Billard v. Charlotte Catholic High School'', where she held that a parochial school could fire a secondary English and drama teacher for being gay.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Harris |first1=Pamela |title=Billard v. Charlotte Catholic High School |url=https://www.ca4.uscourts.gov/opinions/221440.P.pdf |website=United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit |publisher=United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit |access-date=11 May 2024}}</ref> Harris, who was joined by Circuit Judge [[Paul V. Niemeyer]], held that religious schools have a constitutional right to select their own "ministers" who adhere to Catholic teachings.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Wiessner |first1=Daniel |title=Gay drama teacher can't sue Catholic school over firing, 4th Circ. says |url=https://today.westlaw.com/Document/Ia5b31fe00d7111ef94adfab0b4498410/View/FullText.html?ppcid=i0ad640340000018f5d04f483a6e9f1bb&originationContext=Search+Result&transitionType=AlertsLegalNewsDaily&contextData=(sc.Default)&alertGuid=i0ad615a90000017491b0914d9630c293&alertGuid=i0ad615a90000017491b0914d9630c293&skipAnonymous=true&firstPage=true&OWSessionId=0df54a7f95934b5da3d9858b658bcc9a&bhcp=1 |website=Reuters Legal |publisher=Thomson Reuters |access-date=11 May 2024}}</ref> In upholding the English and drama teacher's dismissal, Harris wrote that he "may have been teaching Romeo and Juliet, but he was doing so after consultation with religious teachers to ensure that he was teaching through a faith-based lens."<ref>{{cite web |last1=Wiessner |first1=Daniel |title=Gay drama teacher can't sue Catholic school over firing, 4th Circ. says |url=https://today.westlaw.com/Document/Ia5b31fe00d7111ef94adfab0b4498410/View/FullText.html?ppcid=i0ad640340000018f5d04f483a6e9f1bb&originationContext=Search+Result&transitionType=AlertsLegalNewsDaily&contextData=(sc.Default)&alertGuid=i0ad615a90000017491b0914d9630c293&alertGuid=i0ad615a90000017491b0914d9630c293&skipAnonymous=true&firstPage=true&OWSessionId=0df54a7f95934b5da3d9858b658bcc9a&bhcp=1 |website=Reuters Legal |publisher=Thomson Reuters |access-date=11 May 2024}}</ref>
 ==Personal life==
-Harris is married to Austin Schlick,<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1994/03/20/style/weddings-pamela-harris-austin-schlick.html|title=Weddings – Pamela Harris, Austin Schlick|newspaper=The New York Times|date=20 March 1994|access-date=May 25, 2017}}</ref> a lawyer with [[Google]] and former [[Federal Communications Commission]] general counsel.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.fcc.gov/encyclopedia/austin-schlick-general-counsel|title=FCC|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141220002638/http://www.fcc.gov/encyclopedia/austin-schlick-general-counsel|archive-date=2014-12-20}}</ref>
+Harris is married to Austin Schlick,<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1994/03/20/style/weddings-pamela-harris-austin-schlick.html|title=Weddings – Pamela Harris, Austin Schlick|newspaper=The New York Times|date=March 20, 1994|access-date=May 25, 2017}}</ref> Executive Director of the [[U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=Organization Chart |url=https://www.cpsc.gov/Organization-Chart |access-date=2024-10-18 |website=U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission |language=en}}</ref> and former [[Federal Communications Commission]] general counsel.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.fcc.gov/encyclopedia/austin-schlick-general-counsel|title=FCC|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141220002638/http://www.fcc.gov/encyclopedia/austin-schlick-general-counsel|archive-date=December 20, 2014}}</ref>
 == See also ==
+* [[List of Jewish American jurists]]
 * [[List of law clerks of the Supreme Court of the United States (Seat 4)]]
@@ Line 42: / Line 47: @@
 ==External links==
 *{{FJC Bio|nid=1394626}}
-*{{Ballotpedia|Pamela_A._Harris|Pamela A. Harris}}
+*{{Ballotpedia|Pamela_A._Harris}}
 {{s-start}}
@@ Line 60: / Line 65: @@
 [[Category:21st-century American judges]]
 [[Category:American women lawyers]]
+[[Category:American lawyers]]
 [[Category:Georgetown University Law Center faculty]]
 [[Category:Harvard Law School faculty]]
@@ Line 69: / Line 75: @@
 [[Category:Yale Law School alumni]]
 [[Category:People associated with O'Melveny & Myers]]
-[[Category:Women legal scholars]]
+[[Category:American women legal scholars]]
+[[Category:American legal scholars]]
 [[Category:Clinical legal faculty]]
 [[Category:Yale College alumni]]
 [[Category:21st-century American women judges]]
+[[Category:Walt Whitman High School (Maryland) alumni]]