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'''ʿAlī''' ({{floruit|1229}}) was, according to the ''[[Llibre dels fets]]'', "a Saracen ... from La Palomera" who defected during the [[conquest of Majorca]] and swam out to the fleet of King [[James I of Aragon]] with intelligence about the island.<ref name=DSHB>{{cite book |title=The Book of Deeds of James I of Aragon: A Translation of the Medieval Catalan Llibre dels Fets |editor-first1=Damian |editor-last1=Smith |editor-first2=Helena |editor-last2=Buffery |publisher=Ashgate |year=2003 |at=ch. 59 and n. 63}}</ref> The ''Llibre'' is an eyewitness account written by James himself. The story, however, is much more developed in the later account of [[Bernat Desclot]].<ref name=FS>Ferran Soldevila, ''Les quatre grans croniques: Llibre dels feits del rei En Jaume'' (Barcelona, 2007), p. 145 and n. 537.</ref><ref>Bernat Desclot, [https://archive.org/details/cronica0000desc ''Crònica''], ed. Miquel Coll i Alentorn (Barcelona, 1982), p. 86.</ref> According to Desclot, ʿAlī was the [[majordomo]] of the "king of Majorca" (the governor [[Abu Yahya Muhammad ibn Ali ibn Abi Imran al-Tinmalali|Abū Yaḥyā]]). He chose to defect when his mother, an astronomer, warned him that James would conquer the island.<ref name=DSHB/><ref name=FS/> In reality, his choice was probably based on opposition to Abū Yaḥyā. He and his family would certainly have preserved their property by siding with the conquerors.<ref name="Mar">{{cite web |last1=Marquès |first1=Isabel Peñarrubia |title=Zulema, l'Astròloga: Mare d'Alí de la Palomera |url=https://dbd.vives.org/fitxa_biografies.php?id=1318 |website=Diccionari Biogràfic de Dones |publisher=[[Xarxa Vives d'Universitats]] |access-date=2 February 2023 |page=|trans-title= Zulema, the Astrologer: Mother of Ali de la Palomera |language=ca |date=2010}}</ref> |
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{{No footnotes|date=August 2022}} |
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'''Zulema L'Astròloga''' ({{circa|1190}}{{snd}}after 1229), was a [[Moors|Moorish]] [[astronomer]]. |
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The story of ʿAlī and his mother entered the popular tradition in and around [[Andratx]]. The family is said to have owned [[Sant Elm]], where his mother observed the stars from the walls. The story was taken up by poets during the [[Renaixença]]. The local poet {{ill|Pere d'Alcàntara Penya i Nicolau|ca}} (1823–1906) collected the stories and published a poem on them under the title ''N'Alí de la Palomera'' in 1871. He gave the name '''Zulema''' to ʿAlī's mother for the first time. Another poet, {{ill|Tomàs Forteza i Cortès|ca}} (1838–1898), wrote a similar poem on the woman's astrological feats.<ref name="Mar"/> |
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==Life== |
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A member of the nobility, Zulema L'Astròloga born in {{circa|1190}}. She was living in {{Ill|Madina Mayurqa|es}}, now part of [[Palma de Mallorca]], in 1229. She was the mother of [[Alí de la Palomera]], who betrayed his people by assisting [[James I of Aragon]] in the conquest of [[Mallorca]].<ref name="Mar">{{cite web |last1=Marquès |first1=Isabel Peñarrubia |title=Zulema, l'Astròloga: Mare d'Alí de la Palomera |url=https://dbd.vives.org/bio.php |website=Diccionari Biogràfic de Dones |publisher=[[Xarxa Vives d'Universitats]] |access-date=2 February 2023 |page=|trans-title= Zulema, the Astrologer: Mother of Ali de la Palomera |language=ca |date=2010}}</ref> |
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Zulema L'Astròloga was described as a renowned astronomer. After the conquest, she and her family were allowed to remain on the island of [[Mallorca]].<ref name="Mar" /> |
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Tradition has recorded anecdotes about her. The medieval tower of [[Sant Elm]] at [[Andratx]] is said to have been the tower from which she watched the stars.<ref name="Mar" /> |
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Zulema L'Astròloga is mentioned in the contemporary ''Crònica'' by [[Catalonia|Catalan]] [[chronicle]]r [[Bernard Desclot]], and the subject of the poem {{lang|fr|N'Alí de la Palomera}} (1871) by the Spanish [[polymath]] {{Ill|Pere d'Alcàntara Penya|fr}}, as well as in a poem by the Catalan [[philologist]] {{Ill|Tomàs Forteza|fr}}.<ref name="Mar" /> |
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==References== |
==References== |
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{{Reflist}} |
{{Reflist}} |
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==Further reading== |
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* {{cite book |last1=Pere d'Alcàntara Penya |title=Jochs Florals de Barcelona |date=1871 |publisher=S. Manero |location=Barcelona |isbn=|oclc= 1008192570 |chapter=N’Alí de la Palomera |pages=151{{ndash}}166 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TLU4AQAAMAAJ |language=ca |ref=none}} |
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[[Category: |
[[Category:13th-century people from al-Andalus]] |
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[[Category:13th-century deaths]] |
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[[Category:13th-century Al-Andalus people]] |
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[[Category:13th-century astronomers]] |
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[[Category:Medieval women scientists]] |
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[[Category:Astronomers of Al-Andalus]] |
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[[Category:13th-century people from the Kingdom of Aragon]] |
[[Category:13th-century people from the Kingdom of Aragon]] |
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[[Category:Women of Al-Andalus]] |
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[[Category:Astronomers of the medieval Islamic world]] |
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{{Al-Andalus-scientist-stub}} |
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{{Europe-astronomer-stub}} |
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Latest revision as of 00:07, 24 September 2023
ʿAlī (fl. 1229) was, according to the Llibre dels fets, "a Saracen ... from La Palomera" who defected during the conquest of Majorca and swam out to the fleet of King James I of Aragon with intelligence about the island.[1] The Llibre is an eyewitness account written by James himself. The story, however, is much more developed in the later account of Bernat Desclot.[2][3] According to Desclot, ʿAlī was the majordomo of the "king of Majorca" (the governor Abū Yaḥyā). He chose to defect when his mother, an astronomer, warned him that James would conquer the island.[1][2] In reality, his choice was probably based on opposition to Abū Yaḥyā. He and his family would certainly have preserved their property by siding with the conquerors.[4]
The story of ʿAlī and his mother entered the popular tradition in and around Andratx. The family is said to have owned Sant Elm, where his mother observed the stars from the walls. The story was taken up by poets during the Renaixença. The local poet Pere d'Alcàntara Penya i Nicolau (1823–1906) collected the stories and published a poem on them under the title N'Alí de la Palomera in 1871. He gave the name Zulema to ʿAlī's mother for the first time. Another poet, Tomàs Forteza i Cortès (1838–1898), wrote a similar poem on the woman's astrological feats.[4]
References
[edit]- ^ a b Smith, Damian; Buffery, Helena, eds. (2003). The Book of Deeds of James I of Aragon: A Translation of the Medieval Catalan Llibre dels Fets. Ashgate. ch. 59 and n. 63.
- ^ a b Ferran Soldevila, Les quatre grans croniques: Llibre dels feits del rei En Jaume (Barcelona, 2007), p. 145 and n. 537.
- ^ Bernat Desclot, Crònica, ed. Miquel Coll i Alentorn (Barcelona, 1982), p. 86.
- ^ a b Marquès, Isabel Peñarrubia (2010). "Zulema, l'Astròloga: Mare d'Alí de la Palomera" [Zulema, the Astrologer: Mother of Ali de la Palomera]. Diccionari Biogràfic de Dones (in Catalan). Xarxa Vives d'Universitats. Retrieved 2 February 2023.
Further reading
[edit]- Pere d'Alcàntara Penya (1871). "N'Alí de la Palomera". Jochs Florals de Barcelona (in Catalan). Barcelona: S. Manero. pp. 151–166. OCLC 1008192570.