Charles Mumbere: Difference between revisions

Charles Mumbere
Charles Mumbere
2nd Omusinga of Rwenzururu
Reign	19 October 2009 – present
Coronation	19 October 2009
Predecessor	Isaya Mukirane
Father	Isaya Mukirane

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Charles Wesley Mumbere (born in 1952),^[1] known by his royal title Irema-Ngoma I, is the king (known locally as the Omusinga) of Rwenzururu, a subnational kingdom within Uganda. Mumbere was arrested in December 2016 after the clashes in the kingdom's capital of Kasese, and has since been in prison awaiting trial.^[2]^[3]

Biography

Rwenzururu was established in 1962 as the result of the secessionist Rwenzururu movement by the Bakonzo people in the mountainous region of western Uganda. The revolt was led by Mumbere's father, Isaya Mukirane, who was recognized as the region's king.^[4] Mumbere inherited the title at age 13 and assumed the position of king at age 18 on the 19th October 1966.^[5]

When he was 30, he made an agreement with the government of Uganda by which the government sent him to the United States for an education.^[1] In 1984, at age 30, he enrolled in business school, but his government stipend was cut off. He obtained political asylum in the United States in 1987, received nurse's aide training, and began working in a nursing home in suburban Maryland near Washington, D.C. He later moved to Harrisburg, Pennsylvania where he continued as a nurse's aide.^[4]

He kept his royal title secret during most of his 25 years in the United States.^[6] In July 2009, Mumbere mentioned his kingship in an interview with The Patriot-News, the primary newspaper of Harrisburg, and said that he was considering returning to Uganda,^[4] which had recently recognized Rwenzururu and designated Mumbere as "Omusinga", or king.^[7]

In October 2009, Mumbere returned to his homeland, where he was crowned on 19 October.^[4] His authority is limited to social and cultural matters.^[8]

Because of clashes between Mumbere's guards and Ugandan police, the Kampala government arrested Mumbere on 27 November 2016 and killed 46 of his guards.^[9] The clashes resulted in 100 deaths.^[10]

Mumbere was granted bail in January 2017, but the case was postponed until June at the request of the prosecutor.^[11] In February 2021, the court scheduled pre-trial hearings to begin on 30 March 2021.^[12]

Personal life

Mumbere is married to Agnes Ithungu^[13] and they have two children, Wesley Albert Asimawe and Joyce Furaha.^[1] Mumbere's brother is Christopher Kibanzanga.^[14]^[15] Mumbere's father was Isaya Mukirania.^[16]^[17]^[18]

References

^ ^a ^b ^c "Rwenzururu the very spirit of the Bakonzo". New Vision. Retrieved 20 March 2023.
^ "Rwenzururu King Charles Mumbere rearrested after being granted bail". NTV Uganda. 13 January 2017. Archived from the original on 7 December 2017. Retrieved 6 December 2017.
^ "Rwenzururu king Charles Mumbere decries delay in commencement of trial". NTV Uganda. 25 May 2017. Archived from the original on 7 December 2017. Retrieved 6 December 2017.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d "A nurse's aide in US to be crowned African king". Associated Press. 9 October 2009. Archived from the original on 30 June 2021. Retrieved 30 June 2021.
^ "The return of Rwenzururu; the kingdom of the hills". The EastAfrican. 14 November 2009. Retrieved 25 March 2023.
^ "Ugandan king worked in care home". BBC News. 20 October 2009. Retrieved 28 April 2010.
^ "Bakonzo contestants attack govt over Mumbere's kingship"^{[permanent dead link‍]} by Ephraim Kasozi & Joseph Miti, The Monitor, 7 April 2008 (accessed 6 June 2009)
^ Maliti, Tom (19 October 2009), Former nurse's aide in US becomes Ugandan king, Associated Press, retrieved 21 October 2009 ^{[dead link‍]}
^ "Ugandan police seize machetes, spears after clash with king's guards". Archived from the original on 7 December 2017. Retrieved 30 June 2021.
^ "Kasese Death Toll Hits 100 as police discovers more 25 bodies". Redpepper. 29 November 2016. Archived from the original on 24 December 2016. Retrieved 23 December 2016.
^ "I am still a prisoner, says king Mumbere". Daily Monitor. Archived from the original on 1 January 2019. Retrieved 1 January 2019.
^ "Court sets trial date for Omusinga Mumbere". NilePost. 5 February 2021. Archived from the original on 5 February 2021. Retrieved 12 March 2021.
^ "What about Mumbere's wedding?". New Vision. Retrieved 25 March 2023.
^ "Bakonzo cry foul as army's Rwenzori operation bites". Monitor. 9 January 2021. Retrieved 23 March 2023.
^ "My Rwenzururu My Identity: Chapter 1 - My Rwenzururu My Identity, book by Muhidin". www.booksie.com. Retrieved 23 March 2023.
^ "Bakonzo to protect all – LC5". New Vision. Retrieved 23 March 2023.
^ "Why The Rwenzori Ranges Lure Rebels". New Vision. Retrieved 23 March 2023.
^ Luscombe, Stephen. "Tribe - The Hidden History Of The Mountains Of The Moon". www.britishempire.co.uk. Retrieved 26 March 2023.

[:0-1] "Rwenzururu the very spirit of the Bakonzo". New Vision. Retrieved 20 March 2023.

[2] "Rwenzururu King Charles Mumbere rearrested after being granted bail". NTV Uganda. 13 January 2017. Archived from the original on 7 December 2017. Retrieved 6 December 2017.

[3] "Rwenzururu king Charles Mumbere decries delay in commencement of trial". NTV Uganda. 25 May 2017. Archived from the original on 7 December 2017. Retrieved 6 December 2017.

[ap-4] "A nurse's aide in US to be crowned African king". Associated Press. 9 October 2009. Archived from the original on 30 June 2021. Retrieved 30 June 2021.

[5] "The return of Rwenzururu; the kingdom of the hills". The EastAfrican. 14 November 2009. Retrieved 25 March 2023.

[6] "Ugandan king worked in care home". BBC News. 20 October 2009. Retrieved 28 April 2010.

[7] "Bakonzo contestants attack govt over Mumbere's kingship"^{[permanent dead link‍]} by Ephraim Kasozi & Joseph Miti, The Monitor, 7 April 2008 (accessed 6 June 2009)

[8] Maliti, Tom (19 October 2009), Former nurse's aide in US becomes Ugandan king, Associated Press, retrieved 21 October 2009 ^{[dead link‍]}

[9] "Ugandan police seize machetes, spears after clash with king's guards". Archived from the original on 7 December 2017. Retrieved 30 June 2021.

[10] "Kasese Death Toll Hits 100 as police discovers more 25 bodies". Redpepper. 29 November 2016. Archived from the original on 24 December 2016. Retrieved 23 December 2016.

[11] "I am still a prisoner, says king Mumbere". Daily Monitor. Archived from the original on 1 January 2019. Retrieved 1 January 2019.

[12] "Court sets trial date for Omusinga Mumbere". NilePost. 5 February 2021. Archived from the original on 5 February 2021. Retrieved 12 March 2021.

[13] "What about Mumbere's wedding?". New Vision. Retrieved 25 March 2023.

[14] "Bakonzo cry foul as army's Rwenzori operation bites". Monitor. 9 January 2021. Retrieved 23 March 2023.

[15] "My Rwenzururu My Identity: Chapter 1 - My Rwenzururu My Identity, book by Muhidin". www.booksie.com. Retrieved 23 March 2023.

[16] "Bakonzo to protect all – LC5". New Vision. Retrieved 23 March 2023.

[17] "Why The Rwenzori Ranges Lure Rebels". New Vision. Retrieved 23 March 2023.

[18] Luscombe, Stephen. "Tribe - The Hidden History Of The Mountains Of The Moon". www.britishempire.co.uk. Retrieved 26 March 2023.

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@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 {{Use dmy dates|date=February 2018}}
-{{Infobox royalty
+{{Update|date=December 2024}}{{Infobox royalty
 | name        = Charles Mumbere
 | birth_date  =
@@ Line 9: / Line 9: @@
 | predecessor = [[Isaya Mukirania|Isaya Mukirane]]
 }}
+'''Charles Wesley Mumbere''' (born in 1952),<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Rwenzururu the very spirit of the Bakonzo |url=https://www.newvision.co.ug/articledetails/1133261 |access-date=2023-03-20 |website=New Vision |language=en}}</ref> known by his royal title '''Irema-Ngoma I''', is the king (known locally as the [[Omusinga of Rwenzururu|Omusinga]]) of [[Rwenzururu]], a subnational kingdom within [[Uganda]]. Mumbere was arrested in December 2016 after the [[Kasese clashes|clashes]] in the kingdom's capital of [[Kasese]], and has since been in prison awaiting trial.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ntv.co.ug/news/local/13/jan/2017/rwenzururu-king-charles-mumbere-rearrested-after-being-granted-bail-15770#sthash.BjVGyAaV.dpbs |title=Rwenzururu King Charles Mumbere rearrested after being granted bail |author= |work=NTV Uganda |date=13 January 2017 |accessdate=6 December 2017 |archive-date=7 December 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171207012228/http://www.ntv.co.ug/news/local/13/jan/2017/rwenzururu-king-charles-mumbere-rearrested-after-being-granted-bail-15770#sthash.BjVGyAaV.dpbs |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://ntv.co.ug/news/local/25/may/2017/rwenzururu-king-charles-mumbere-decries-delay-commencement-trial-17473#sthash.5VktC4qr.dpbs |title=Rwenzururu king Charles Mumbere decries delay in commencement of trial |author= |work=NTV Uganda |date=25 May 2017 |accessdate=6 December 2017 |archive-date=7 December 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171207012607/http://ntv.co.ug/news/local/25/may/2017/rwenzururu-king-charles-mumbere-decries-delay-commencement-trial-17473#sthash.5VktC4qr.dpbs |url-status=live }}</ref>
-'''Charles Wesley Mumbere''',(born in 1952<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Rwenzururu the very spirit of the Bakonzo |url=https://www.newvision.co.ug/articledetails/1133261 |access-date=2023-03-20 |website=New Vision |language=en}}</ref>) known by his royal title '''Irema-Ngoma I''', is the king (known locally as the [[Omusinga of Rwenzururu|Omusinga]]) of the African kingdom of [[Rwenzururu]], a subnational kingdom within [[Uganda]]. Mumbere was arrested in December 2016 after the [[Kasese clashes|clashes]] in the kingdom's capital of [[Kasese]], and has since been in prison awaiting trial.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ntv.co.ug/news/local/13/jan/2017/rwenzururu-king-charles-mumbere-rearrested-after-being-granted-bail-15770#sthash.BjVGyAaV.dpbs |title=Rwenzururu King Charles Mumbere rearrested after being granted bail |author= |work=NTV Uganda |date=13 January 2017 |accessdate=6 December 2017 |archive-date=7 December 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171207012228/http://www.ntv.co.ug/news/local/13/jan/2017/rwenzururu-king-charles-mumbere-rearrested-after-being-granted-bail-15770#sthash.BjVGyAaV.dpbs |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://ntv.co.ug/news/local/25/may/2017/rwenzururu-king-charles-mumbere-decries-delay-commencement-trial-17473#sthash.5VktC4qr.dpbs |title=Rwenzururu king Charles Mumbere decries delay in commencement of trial |author= |work=NTV Uganda |date=25 May 2017 |accessdate=6 December 2017 |archive-date=7 December 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171207012607/http://ntv.co.ug/news/local/25/may/2017/rwenzururu-king-charles-mumbere-decries-delay-commencement-trial-17473#sthash.5VktC4qr.dpbs |url-status=live }}</ref>
 == Biography ==
-Rwenzururu was established in 1962 as the result of the [[Separatism|secessionist]] [[Rwenzururu movement]] by the [[Bakonzo]] people in the mountainous region of western Uganda. The revolt was led by Mumbere's father, Isaya Mukirane, who was recognized as the region's king.<ref name=ap>{{cite news | publisher=Associated Press | url=http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/2009/10/20/MNTE1A7OGP.DTL | title=A nurse's aide in US to be crowned African king | date=2009-10-09 | access-date=30 June 2021 | archive-date=30 June 2021 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210630182401/https://www.sfgate.com/news/article/Ex-nurse-s-aide-in-U-S-leads-Uganda-kingdom-3214232.php | url-status=live }}</ref> Mumbere inherited the title at age 13 and assumed the position of king at age 18.
+Rwenzururu was established in 1962 as the result of the [[Separatism|secessionist]] [[Rwenzururu movement]] by the [[Bakonzo]] people in the mountainous region of western Uganda. The revolt was led by Mumbere's father, Isaya Mukirane, who was recognized as the region's king.<ref name=ap>{{cite news | publisher=Associated Press | url=http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/2009/10/20/MNTE1A7OGP.DTL | title=A nurse's aide in US to be crowned African king | date=2009-10-09 | access-date=30 June 2021 | archive-date=30 June 2021 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210630182401/https://www.sfgate.com/news/article/Ex-nurse-s-aide-in-U-S-leads-Uganda-kingdom-3214232.php | url-status=live }}</ref> Mumbere inherited the title at age 13 and assumed the position of king at age 18 on the 19th October 1966.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2009-11-14 |title=The return of Rwenzururu; the kingdom of the hills |url=https://www.theeastafrican.co.ke/tea/magazine/the-return-of-rwenzururu-the-kingdom-of-the-hills-1296848 |access-date=2023-03-25 |website=The EastAfrican}}</ref>
 When he was 30, he made an agreement with the government of Uganda by which the government sent him to the United States for an education.<ref name=":0" /> In 1984, at age 30, he enrolled in [[business school]], but his government stipend was cut off. He obtained [[political asylum]] in the United States in 1987, received [[nurse's aide]] training, and began working in a [[nursing home]] in suburban [[Maryland]] near [[Washington, D.C.]]  He later moved to [[Harrisburg, Pennsylvania|Harrisburg]], Pennsylvania where he continued as a nurse's aide.<ref name="ap" />
@@ Line 21: / Line 20: @@
 In October 2009, Mumbere returned to his homeland, where he was crowned on 19 October.<ref name=ap/> His authority is limited to social and cultural matters.<ref>{{citation | last=Maliti | first=Tom | date=19 October 2009 | title=Former nurse's aide in US becomes Ugandan king | publisher=Associated Press | url=http://hosted.ap.org/dynamic/stories/A/AF_UGANDA_KING?SITE=FLDAY&SECTION=HOME&TEMPLATE=DEFAULT | accessdate=21 October 2009}} {{Dead link|date=October 2010|bot=H3llBot}}</ref>
-Because of [[2016 Kasese clashes|clashes]] between Mumbere's guards and Ugandan police, the Kampala government arrested Mumbere on 27 November 2016 and killed 46 of his guards.<ref>{{Cite web | url=http://uk.reuters.com/article/uk-uganda-security-idUKKBN13N0N7?il=0 | title=Ugandan police seize machetes, spears after clash with king's guards | access-date=30 June 2021 | archive-date=7 December 2017 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171207084833/https://uk.reuters.com/article/uk-uganda-security-idUKKBN13N0N7?il=0 | url-status=live }}</ref> The clashes resulted in 100 deaths.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.redpepper.co.ug/kasese-death-toll-hits-100-as-police-discovers-more-25-bodies | title=Kasese Death Toll Hits 100 as police discovers more 25 bodies | publisher=Redpepper | access-date=23 December 2016 | archive-date=24 December 2016 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161224030208/http://www.redpepper.co.ug/kasese-death-toll-hits-100-as-police-discovers-more-25-bodies/ | url-status=live }}</ref>
+Because of [[2016 Kasese clashes|clashes]] between Mumbere's guards and Ugandan police, the Kampala government arrested Mumbere on 27 November 2016 and killed 46 of his guards.<ref>{{Cite web | url=http://uk.reuters.com/article/uk-uganda-security-idUKKBN13N0N7?il=0 | title=Ugandan police seize machetes, spears after clash with king's guards | access-date=30 June 2021 | archive-date=7 December 2017 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171207084833/https://uk.reuters.com/article/uk-uganda-security-idUKKBN13N0N7?il=0 | url-status=dead }}</ref> The clashes resulted in 100 deaths.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.redpepper.co.ug/kasese-death-toll-hits-100-as-police-discovers-more-25-bodies | title=Kasese Death Toll Hits 100 as police discovers more 25 bodies | date=29 November 2016 | publisher=Redpepper | access-date=23 December 2016 | archive-date=24 December 2016 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161224030208/http://www.redpepper.co.ug/kasese-death-toll-hits-100-as-police-discovers-more-25-bodies/ | url-status=live }}</ref>
 Mumbere was granted bail in January 2017, but the case was postponed until June at the request of the prosecutor.<ref>{{cite news |title=I am still a prisoner, says king Mumbere |url=http://www.monitor.co.ug/News/National/Still-prisoner-king-Mumbere-Rwenzururu/688334-3943400-x5sg63z/index.html |accessdate=1 January 2019 |work=Daily Monitor |language=en |archive-date=1 January 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190101150807/https://www.monitor.co.ug/News/National/Still-prisoner-king-Mumbere-Rwenzururu/688334-3943400-x5sg63z/index.html |url-status=live }}</ref> In February 2021, the court scheduled pre-trial hearings to begin on 30 March 2021.<ref>{{cite web | date=5 February 2021 | url=https://nilepost.co.ug/2021/02/05/court-sets-trial-date-for-omusinga-mumbere/ | title=Court sets trial date for Omusinga Mumbere | work=NilePost | access-date=12 March 2021 | language=en | archive-date=5 February 2021 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210205173030/https://nilepost.co.ug/2021/02/05/court-sets-trial-date-for-omusinga-mumbere/ | url-status=live }}</ref>
+== Personal life ==
-Mumbere is married and has two children Wesley Albert Asimawe and Joyce Furaha.<ref name=":0" /> Mumbere has a brother called [[Christopher Kibanzanga]]<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-01-09 |title=Bakonzo cry foul as army’s Rwenzori operation bites |url=https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/magazines/people-power/bakonzo-cry-foul-as-army-s-rwenzori-operation-bites-1647794 |access-date=2023-03-23 |website=Monitor |language=en}}</ref>
+Mumbere is married to Agnes Ithungu<ref>{{Cite web |title=What about Mumbere's wedding? |url=https://www.newvision.co.ug/articledetails/1218729 |access-date=2023-03-25 |website=New Vision |language=en}}</ref> and they have two children, Wesley Albert Asimawe and Joyce Furaha.<ref name=":0" /> Mumbere's brother is [[Christopher Kibanzanga]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-01-09 |title=Bakonzo cry foul as army's Rwenzori operation bites |url=https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/magazines/people-power/bakonzo-cry-foul-as-army-s-rwenzori-operation-bites-1647794 |access-date=2023-03-23 |website=Monitor |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=My Rwenzururu My Identity: Chapter 1 - My Rwenzururu My Identity, book by Muhidin |url=https://www.booksie.com/617963-my-rwenzururu-my-identity-chapter-1 |access-date=2023-03-23 |website=www.booksie.com |language=en}}</ref> Mumbere's father was [[Isaya Mukirania]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Bakonzo to protect all – LC5 |url=https://www.newvision.co.ug/articledetails/1133228 |access-date=2023-03-23 |website=New Vision |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Why The Rwenzori Ranges Lure Rebels |url=https://www.newvision.co.ug/articledetails/1068138 |access-date=2023-03-23 |website=New Vision |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Luscombe |first=Stephen |title=Tribe - The Hidden History Of The Mountains Of The Moon |url=https://www.britishempire.co.uk/library/tribe.htm |access-date=2023-03-26 |website=www.britishempire.co.uk}}</ref>
-Mumbere's father was [[Isaya Mukirania]] <ref>{{Cite web |title=Bakonzo to protect all â€" LC5 |url=https://www.newvision.co.ug/articledetails/1133228 |access-date=2023-03-23 |website=New Vision |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Why The Rwenzori Ranges Lure Rebels |url=https://www.newvision.co.ug/articledetails/1068138 |access-date=2023-03-23 |website=New Vision |language=en}}</ref>
 == References ==
-{{Reflist|30em}}
+{{Reflist}}
 {{DEFAULTSORT:Mumbere, Charles}}
 [[Category:1953 births]]
 [[Category:Living people]]
+[[Category:Konjo people]]
+[[Category:People from Kasese District]]
 [[Category:Kingdom of Rwenzururu]]
-[[Category:History of Uganda]]
-[[Category:21st-century monarchs in Africa]]
 [[Category:People from Harrisburg, Pennsylvania]]
 [[Category:Rwenzori Mountains]]
+[[Category:21st-century monarchs in Africa]]