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Coordinates: 8°54′N 77°59′E / 8.900°N 77.983°E / 8.900; 77.983
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| image_skyline = {{Photomontage
| image_skyline = {{Photomontage
| photo1a = Tuticorin Thermal Power Station at Night 1 crop.jpg
| photo1a = Tuticorin Thermal Power Station at Night 1 crop.jpg
| photo2a = A_view_of_Tuticorin_Port.jpg
| photo2a = A view of Tuticorin Port.jpg
| photo2b = Tuticorin_Airport.jpg
| photo2b = Tuticorin Airport.jpg
| photo3a = Marakkanam_Salt_Pans.JPG
| photo3a = Marakkanam Salt Pans.JPG
| photo3b = Pinctada_margaritifera_MHNT.CON.2002.893.jpg
| photo3b = Pinctada margaritifera MHNT.CON.2002.893.jpg
| photo4a = Thiruchendur2.jpg
| photo4a = Thiruchendur2.jpg
| photo4b = Our_lady_of_snows_basilica.JPG
| photo4b = Our lady of snows basilica.JPG
| spacing = 2
| spacing = 2
| position = centre
| position = centre
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| border = 0
| border = 0
| color = #000000
| color = #000000
| foot_montage = ''Clockwise from the top''<br />[[Tuticorin Thermal Power Station|Thoothukudi Thermal Power Station]], [[Tuticorin Airport|Thoothukudi Airport]], [[Pearl|Pearl Oyster of Pearl City]], [[Basilica of Our Lady of Snows, Thoothukudi|Our Lady Of Snows Church]], [[Arulmigu Subramaniya Swamy Temple, Tiruchendur|Tiruchendur Murugan temple]], [[Salt evaporation pond|Salt Pans in Thoothukudi]] and [[V.O. Chidambaranar Port Authority]]
| foot_montage = ''Clockwise from the top''<br />[[Tuticorin Thermal Power Station|Thoothukudi Thermal Power Station]], [[Tuticorin Airport|Thoothukudi Airport]], [[Pearl]] Oyster of Pearl City, [[Basilica of Our Lady of Snows, Thoothukudi|Our Lady Of Snows Church]], [[Arulmigu Subramaniya Swamy Temple, Tiruchendur|Tiruchendur Murugan temple]], [[Salt evaporation pond|Salt Pans in Thoothukudi]] and [[V.O. Chidambaranar Port Authority]]
}}
}}
| image_map = {{maplink |frame=yes
| image_map = {{maplink |frame=yes
|frame-width=275 |frame-height=275 |frame-align=center
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|text= '''Thoothukudi district'''
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| text = '''Thoothukudi district'''
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|title= Thoothukudi district of Tamil Nadu
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| map_alt =
| map_alt =
| map_caption = Location in Tamil Nadu
| map_caption = Location in Tamil Nadu
| coordinates = {{coord|8|48|10.8|N|78|8|40.2|E|display=inline,title}}
| coordinates = {{coord|8|54|N|77|59|E|type:adm3rd_region:IN_dim:100000|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = {{flag|India}}
| subdivision_name = {{flag|India}}
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| governing_body = Thoothukudi District Collectorate
| governing_body = Thoothukudi District Collectorate
| leader_title1 = [[District magistrate|District Collector]]
| leader_title1 = [[District magistrate|District Collector]]
| leader_name1 = A. R. Rahul Nadh, [[Indian Administrative Service|I.A.S.]]
| leader_name1 = K. Elambahavath, [[Indian Administrative Service|I.A.S.]]
| leader_title2 = [[Superintendent of police (India)|Superintendent of Police]]
| leader_title2 = [[Superintendent of police (India)|Superintendent of Police]]
| leader_name2 = L. Balaji Saravanan, [[Indian Police Service|I.P.S.]]
| leader_name2 = Albert John, [[Indian Police Service|I.P.S.]]
| leader_title3 = District Revenue Officer
| leader_title3 = District Revenue Officer
| leader_name3 = S. Kannabiran
| leader_name3 = C. Ajay Srinivasan, [[Bachelor of Technology|B.Tech.]]
| leader_title4 = Project Director
| leader_title4 = Additional Collector and Project Director (DRDA)
| leader_name4 = V. Saravanan
| leader_name4 = R. Ishwarya, [[Indian Administrative Service|I.A.S.]]
| unit_pref = Metric
| unit_pref = Metric
| area_footnotes =
| area_footnotes =
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| blank1_name_sec1 = [[IUCN protected area categories|IUCN category]]
| blank1_name_sec1 = [[IUCN protected area categories|IUCN category]]
| blank1_info_sec1 = <!-- for protected areas only -->
| blank1_info_sec1 = <!-- for protected areas only -->
| blank2_name_sec1 = Central location:
| blank2_info_sec1 = {{coord|8|48|N|78|8|E}}
| website = {{URL|http://thoothukudi.nic.in/}}
| website = {{URL|http://thoothukudi.nic.in/}}
| footnotes =
| footnotes =
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}}
}}


'''Thoothukudi District''' is one of the [[List of districts of Tamil Nadu|38 districts]] of [[Tamil Nadu]] [[States and territories of India|state]] in southern [[India]]. The district was formed by bifurcation of [[Tirunelveli district]] on 20 October 1986. [[Tuticorin|Thoothukudi]] is the district headquarters and largest city of the district. The district is known for fishing as well as pearl cultivation, with an abundance of [[pearl]]s being found in the seas offshore. Thoothukudi district has many historical sites such as [[Adichanallur]] and the ancient trade port of [[Korkai]].<ref>{{cite journal| last = Majeed | first = A. Abdul | title = A note on Korkai Excavations | journal = Tamil Civilization | volume = 5 | issue = 1/2 | publisher = Tamil University, Thanjavur | pages = 73&ndash;77 | year = 1987}}</ref>
'''Thoothukudi District''' is one of the [[List of districts of Tamil Nadu|38 districts]] of [[Tamil Nadu]] [[States and territories of India|state]] in southern [[India]]. The district was formed by bifurcation of [[Tirunelveli district]] on 20 October 1986. [[Tuticorin|Thoothukudi]] is the district headquarters and largest city of the district. The district is known for fishing as well as pearl cultivation, with an abundance of [[pearl]]s being found in the seas offshore. Thoothukudi district has many historical sites such as [[Adichanallur]] and the ancient trade port of [[Korkai]].<ref>{{cite journal| last = Majeed | first = A. Abdul | title = A note on Korkai Excavations | journal = Tamil Civilization | volume = 5 | issue = 1/2 | publisher = Tamil University, Thanjavur | pages = 73–77 | year = 1987}}</ref>


== Geography ==
== Geography ==
Thoothukudi district is situated in the south-eastern corner of [[Tamil Nadu]]. It is bounded by the districts of [[Virudhunagar District|Virudhunagar]] on the north, [[Ramanathapuram District|Ramanathapuram]] on the north-east, [[Tirunelveli District|Tirunelveli]] on the west and south-west, [[Tenkasi district|Tenkasi]] on the north-west and [[Gulf of Mannar]] on the east and southeast. The total area of the district is {{cvt|4621|km2}}.
Thoothukudi district is situated in the south-eastern corner of [[Tamil Nadu]]. It is bounded by the districts of [[Virudhunagar District|Virudhunagar]] on the north, [[Ramanathapuram District|Ramanathapuram]] on the north-east, [[Tirunelveli District|Tirunelveli]] on the west and south-west, [[Tenkasi district|Tenkasi]] on the north-west and [[Gulf of Mannar]] on the east and southeast. The total area of the district is {{cvt|4621|km2}}.


==Demographics==
== Water bodies ==
There are no large reservoirs in this district so the [[Papanasam]] and Manimuthar dams located in the Tirunelveli district in the [[Tamirabarani|Thamirabarani River's]] flow are the main sources of irrigation. Other than the [[Tamirabarani|Thamirabarani River]], the river Vaipar in [[Vilathikulam]] [[taluk]], the river Karumeni which traverses through [[Sathankulam]], and [[Tiruchendur]] taluks, Palayakayal are all sources.
{{historical populations|11=1901|12=7,05,534|13=1911|14=7,62,625|15=1921|16=7,87,166|17=1931|18=8,40,656|19=1941|20=9,10,729|21=1951|22=9,57,735|23=1961|24=10,52,970|25=1971|26=12,28,295|27=1981|28=13,70,289|29=1991|30=14,75,872|31=2001|32=15,92,769|33=2011|34=17,50,176|percentages=pagr|footnote=source:<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/PCA/A2_Data_Table.html |title=Decadal Variation In Population Since 1901 |access-date=9 August 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190808131957/http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/PCA/A2_Data_Table.html |archive-date=8 August 2019 |url-status=live }}</ref>|align=right}}

According to [[2011 census of India|2011 census]], Thoothukudi district had a population of 1,750,176 with a sex-ratio of 1,023 females for every 1,000 males, much above the national average of 929.<ref name="dashboard">{{cite web|title=Census Info 2011 Final population totals|url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/censusinfodashboard/index.html|publisher=Office of The Registrar General and Census Commissioner, Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India|year=2013|access-date=26 January 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131113144743/http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/censusinfodashboard/index.html|archive-date=13 November 2013|url-status=live}}</ref> A total of 183,763 were under the age of six, constituting 93,605 males and 90,158 females. It has a large numbers of Nadars ([[Thiruchendur]], [[Sathankulam]], [[Thoothukudi]], [[Eral]]), Appanad Maravars ([[Kovilpatti]], [[Tiruvaikuntam]], [[Ottapidaram]], [[Kayatharu]]), Vellalars ([[Ettayapuram]], [[Ottapidaram]]),Devendra Kula velalars([[Thoothukudi]], [[Kovilpatti]], [[Vilathikulam]], [[Ootaipidaram]]), Nayakars/Naidu (Kovilpatti and [[Vilathikulam]]) and Parathars (Thoothukudi and Tiruchendur). [[Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes]] accounted for 19.88% and 0.28% of the population, respectively, mostly in Ottapidaram and Puthiyamputhur. The average literacy of the district was 77.12%, compared to the national average of 72.99%.<ref name="dashboard"/> The district had a total of 462,010 households. There were a total of 748,095 workers, comprising 44,633 cultivators, 161,418 main agricultural labourers, 17,872 in house hold industries, 433,524 other workers, 90,648 marginal workers, 3,882 marginal cultivators, 39,226 marginal agricultural labourers, 4,991 marginal workers in household industries and 42,549 other marginal workers.<ref name=2011census>{{cite web|title=Census Info 2011 Final population totals - Thoothukudi district|url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/pca/SearchDetails.aspx?Id=700577|publisher=Office of The Registrar General and Census Commissioner, Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India|year=2013|access-date=26 January 2014}}</ref>
== Demographics ==
{{bar box|title=Religious census|titlebar=#ddd|left1=Religion|right1=Percent(%)|float=left|bars={{bar percent|[[Hinduism|Hindu]]|Orange|73.50}}{{bar percent|[[Christianity|Christian]]|purple|21.68}}{{bar percent|[[Islam|Muslim]]|Green|4.61}}{{bar percent|[[Sikhism|Sikh]]|yellow|0.01}}{{bar percent|[[Buddhism|Buddhist]]|Gold|0.02}}{{bar percent|Other|grey|0.18}}}}
{{historical populations|11=1901|12=7,05,534|13=1911|14=7,62,625|15=1921|16=7,87,166|17=1931|18=8,40,656|19=1941|20=9,10,729|21=1951|22=9,57,735|23=1961|24=10,52,970|25=1971|26=12,28,295|27=1981|28=13,70,289|29=1991|30=14,75,872|31=2001|32=15,92,769|33=2011|34=17,50,176|percentages=pagr|footnote=source:<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/PCA/A2_Data_Table.html |title=Decadal Variation In Population Since 1901 |access-date=9 August 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190808131957/http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/PCA/A2_Data_Table.html |archive-date=8 August 2019 |url-status=live }}</ref>|align=center}}

{{bar box
| title=Religions in Thoothukudi district (2011)<ref name="religion">{{Cite web |date=2011 |title=Table C-01 Population by Religion: Tamil Nadu |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/11392/download/14505/DDW33C-01%20MDDS.XLS |website=censusindia.gov.in |publisher=[[Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India]]}}</ref>
| titlebar=#Fcd116
| left1=Religion
| right1=Percent
| float=left
| bars=
{{bar percent|[[Hinduism in Tamil Nadu|Hinduism]] | darkorange|78.50}}
{{bar percent|[[Christianity in Tamil Nadu|Christianity]] | dodgerblue|16.68}}
{{bar percent|[[Tamil Muslim|Islam]] | green|4.61}}
{{bar percent|Other or not stated|black|0.21}}
}}

According to [[2011 census of India|2011 census]], Thoothukudi district had a population of 1,750,176 with a sex-ratio of 1,023 females for every 1,000 males, much above the national average of 929.<ref name="districtcensus">{{Cite web |title=District Census Handbook 2011 – Thoothukudi |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/1140/download/3574/DH_2011_3326_PART_A_DCHB_THOOTHUKKUDI.pdf |website=[[Census of India]] | publisher=[[Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India]]}}</ref> A total of 183,763 were under the age of six, constituting 93,605 males and 90,158 females. It has a large numbers of Nadars [[Thiruchendur]], [[Sathankulam]], [[Thoothukudi]], [[Eral]] Appanad Maravars ([[Kovilpatti]], [[Tiruvaikuntam]], [[Ottapidaram]], [[Kayatharu]]), Vellalars ([[Ettayapuram]], [[Ottapidaram]], [[Thoothukudi]], [[Tiruchendur]], [[Kovilpatti]], [[Vilathukulam]]), DevendraKula Velalars([[Thoothukudi]], [[Kovilpatti]], [[Vilathikulam]], [[Ottapidaram]]), Nayakars/Naidu (Kovilpatti and [[Vilathikulam]]) and [[Paravar|Parathars]] (Thoothukudi and Tiruchendur). [[Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes]] accounted for 19.88% and 0.28% of the population, respectively, mostly in [[Ottapidaram]]. The average literacy of the district was 77.12%, compared to the national average of 72.99%. 50.10% of the population lived in urban areas.<ref name="districtcensus" /> The district had a total of 462,010 households. There were a total of 748,095 workers, comprising 44,633 cultivators, 161,418 main agricultural labourers, 17,872 in house hold industries, 433,524 other workers, 90,648 marginal workers, 3,882 marginal cultivators, 39,226 marginal agricultural labourers, 4,991 marginal workers in household industries and 42,549 other marginal workers.<ref name="districtcensus" />


{{Pie chart
{{Pie chart
|caption = Languages of Thoothukudi district (2011)<ref name="language"/>
| caption = Languages of Thoothukudi district (2011)<ref name="language" />
|label1 = [[Tamil language|Tamil]] |value1 = 98.04 |color1 = mediumorchid
| label1 = [[Tamil language|Tamil]] | value1 = 98.97 |color1 = royalblue
|label2 = [[Telugu language|Telugu]] |value2 = 1.7 |color2 = red
| label2 = [[Telugu language|Telugu]] | value2 = 0.54 |color2 = steelblue
|label4 = Others |value4 = 0.23 |color4 = gray
| label3 = Others |value3 = 0.49 |color3 = grey
|thumb=left
| thumb=left
}}
}}


At the time of the 2011 census, 98.04% of the population spoke [[Tamil language|Tamil]], 1.7% [[Telugu language|Telugu]].<ref name="language">{{Cite web |title=Table C-16 Population by Mother Tongue: Tamil Nadu |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/10222/download/13334/DDW-C16-STMT-MDDS-3300.XLSX |website=[[Census of India]] |publisher=[[Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India]]}}</ref>
At the time of the 2011 census, 98.97% of the population spoke [[Tamil language|Tamil]] and 0.54% [[Telugu language|Telugu]] as their first language.<ref name="language">{{Cite web |title=Table C-16 Population by Mother Tongue: Tamil Nadu |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/10222/download/13334/DDW-C16-STMT-MDDS-3300.XLSX |website=[[Census of India]] | publisher=[[Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India]]}}</ref>


==Water bodies==
== Politics ==
There are no large reservoirs in this district so the [[Papanasam]] and Manimuthar dams located in the Tirunelveli district in the [[Tamirabarani|Thamirabarani River's]] flow are the main sources of irrigation. Other than the [[Tamirabarani|Thamirabarani River]], the river Vaipar in [[Vilathikulam]] [[taluk]], the river Karumeni which traverses through [[Sathankulam]], and [[Tiruchendur]] taluks, Palayakayal are all sources.
== Politics ==
{{transcluded section|source=16th Tamil Nadu Assembly}}
{{transcluded section|source=16th Tamil Nadu Assembly}}
{{#section:16th Tamil Nadu Assembly|MLA Header}}
{{#section:16th Tamil Nadu Assembly|MLA Header}}
{{#section:16th Tamil Nadu Assembly|Thoothukudi district}}
{{#section:16th Tamil Nadu Assembly|Thoothukudi district}}
|}
|}

==Administrative divisions==
== Administrative divisions ==
Thoothukudi District is divided into three [[List of Revenue Divisions of Tamil Nadu|revenue divisions]] and ten [[Tehsil|taluks]].<ref>{{Cite book|author1=Palanithurai, Ganapathy |author2=Parthiban, T. |author3=Vanishree, Joseph |name-list-style=amp |year=2007|title=Empowering Women: Grassroots Experience from Tamil Nadu|location=New Delhi|publisher=Concept Publishing Company|page=[https://books.google.com/books?id=mb2pDAtDkQcC&pg=PA35 35]|isbn=978-81-8069-454-7}}</ref> There are forty-one [[Firka|revenue firkas]] and 480 [[Revenue Village|revenue villages]].<ref name="Admin">{{Cite web|title=Administration|publisher=District Collectorate, Thoothukudi|url=http://www.thoothukudi.tn.nic.in/administration.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120403205239/http://www.thoothukudi.tn.nic.in/administration.html|archive-date=3 April 2012|url-status=live}}</ref>
Thoothukudi District is divided into three [[List of Revenue Divisions of Tamil Nadu|revenue divisions]] and ten [[Tehsil|taluks]].<ref>{{Cite book|author1=Palanithurai, Ganapathy |author2=Parthiban, T. |author3=Vanishree, Joseph |name-list-style=amp |year=2007|title=Empowering Women: Grassroots Experience from Tamil Nadu|location=New Delhi|publisher=Concept Publishing Company|page=[https://books.google.com/books?id=mb2pDAtDkQcC&pg=PA35 35]|isbn=978-81-8069-454-7}}</ref> There are forty-one [[Firka|revenue firkas]] and 480 [[Revenue Village|revenue villages]].<ref name="Admin">{{Cite web|title=Administration|publisher=District Collectorate, Thoothukudi|url=http://www.thoothukudi.tn.nic.in/administration.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120403205239/http://www.thoothukudi.tn.nic.in/administration.html|archive-date=3 April 2012|url-status=live}}</ref>


{|class="wikitable sortable" style="width:50%; text-align:center"
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="width:50%; text-align:center"
|-
|- style="background:#ffffdd; color:#000;"
|- style="background:#ffffdd; color:#000;"
!align=Centre width=100px |Revenue<br>Divisions
! align=Centre width=100px |Revenue<br />Divisions
!align=Centre width=200px |Talukas
! align=Centre width=200px |Talukas
!align=center width=050px|Number of<br>Revenue<br>Villages
! align=center width=050px|Number of<br />Revenue<br />Villages
|- valign=top
|- valign=top
! scope="col" rowspan="2"| Thoothukudi
! scope="col" rowspan="2" | Thoothukudi
| Thoothukudi
| Thoothukudi
| 33
| 33
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| 46
| 46
|- valign=top
|- valign=top
! scope="col" rowspan="5"| Kovilpatti
! scope="col" rowspan="5" | Kovilpatti
| Kovilpatti
| Kovilpatti
| 33
| 33
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| 54
| 54
|- valign=top
|- valign=top
! scope="col" rowspan="3"| Tiruchendur
! scope="col" rowspan="3" | Tiruchendur
| Tiruchendur
| Tiruchendur
| 36
| 36
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[[Thoothukudi division|Thoothukudi Revenue Division]]: [[Thoothukudi taluk|Thoothukudi]], [[Srivaikundam]]
[[Thoothukudi division|Thoothukudi Revenue Division]]: [[Thoothukudi taluk|Thoothukudi]], [[Srivaikundam]]


[[Tiruchendur|Tiruchendur Revenue Division]]: [[Tiruchendur taluk|Tiruchendur]], [[Sathankulam taluk|Sathankulam]], [[Eral]]
[[Tiruchendur]] Revenue Division: [[Tiruchendur taluk|Tiruchendur]], [[Sathankulam taluk|Sathankulam]], [[Eral]]


[[Kovilpatti division|Kovilpatti Revenue Division]]: [[Kovilpatti taluk|Kovilpatti]], [[Ettayapuram taluk|Ettayapuram]], [[Vilathikulam taluk|Vilathikulam]], [[Ottapidaram taluk|Ottapidaram]], [[Kayathar]]
[[Kovilpatti division|Kovilpatti Revenue Division]]: [[Kovilpatti taluk|Kovilpatti]], [[Ettayapuram taluk|Ettayapuram]], [[Vilathikulam taluk|Vilathikulam]], [[Ottapidaram taluk|Ottapidaram]], [[Kayathar]]
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# [[Ettayapuram]]
# [[Ettayapuram]]
# [[Kalugumalai]]
# [[Kalugumalai]]
# [[Nazareth]]
# [[Nazareth, Tamil Nadu|Nazareth]]
# [[Sathankulam]]
# [[Sathankulam]]
# [[Sawyerpuram]]
# [[Sawyerpuram]]
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# [[Kayathar]]
# [[Kayathar]]
# [[V. Pudur|Pudur (V)]]
# [[V. Pudur|Pudur (V)]]
# [[Kanam]]
# [[Kanam, Tamil Nadu|Kanam]]
# [[Perungulam]]
# [[Perungulam]]
# [[Thenthiruperai]]
# [[Thenthiruperai]]
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=== Proposed Municipalities ===
=== Proposed Municipalities ===
# [[Arumuganeri]]
# [[Arumuganeri]]
# [[Nazareth]]
# [[Sathankulam]]
# [[Sathankulam]]
# [[Nazareth, Tamil Nadu|Nazareth]]


=== Proposed Town Panchayats ===
=== Proposed Town Panchayats ===
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# [[Vilathikulam block|Vilathikulam]]
# [[Vilathikulam block|Vilathikulam]]


===Villages===
=== Villages ===
<!---♦♦♦ Only add a location to this list if they already have their own article on the English Wikipedia ♦♦♦--->
<!---♦♦♦ Only add a location to this list if they already have their own article on the English Wikipedia ♦♦♦--->
<!---♦♦♦ Please keep the list in alphabetical order ♦♦♦--->
<!---♦♦♦ Please keep the list in alphabetical order ♦♦♦--->
*[[Nangaimozhi]]
* [[Ambalaseri]]
* [[Athimarapatti]]
* [[Christianagaram]]
* [[Nangaimozhi]]


===Parliamentary Lok Sabha Constituency===
=== Parliamentary Lok Sabha Constituency ===
{|class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
!rowspan=2|Constituency Number
!rowspan=2|Constituency Name
!rowspan=2|Elected Representative
!colspan=2|Term of Office
!rowspan=2|[[Lok Sabha]]<br/>{{small|([[Elections in India#Parliamentary general elections (Lok Sabha)|Election]])}}
!rowspan=2 colspan=2|Political Party
|-
|-
! No.
!Assumed Office
! Constituency Number
!Left Office
! Constituency Name
! Reserved for ([[Dalit|SC]]/[[Adivasi|ST]]/None)
! Elected Representative
! colspan=2 | Political Party
|-
|-
! 1
|36
| 36
|[[Thoothukkudi Lok Sabha constituency|Thoothukkudi]]
| [[Thoothukkudi Lok Sabha constituency|Thoothukkudi]]
|[[Kanimozhi Karunanidhi]]
| None
|18 June 2019
| [[Kanimozhi Karunanidhi]]
|''Incumbent''
| [[Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam]]
|[[17th Lok Sabha|17th]]<br />{{small|([[2019 Indian general election|2019]])}}
|[[Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam]]
| style="background:{{party color|Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam}};" |
|style="background:{{party color|Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam}};" |
|}
|}


===Tamil Nadu Assembly Constituencies===
=== Tamil Nadu Assembly Constituencies ===
{|class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
|-
!No.
! No.
!Constituency Number
! Constituency Number
!Constituency Name
! Constituency Name
!Reserved for ([[Dalit|SC]]/[[Adivasi|ST]]/None)
! Reserved for ([[Dalit|SC]]/[[Adivasi|ST]]/None)
!Elected Representative
! Elected Representative
!colspan=2|Political Party
! colspan=2 | Political Party
|-
|-
!1
! 1
|213
| 213
|[[Vilathikulam Assembly constituency|Vilathikulam]]
| [[Vilathikulam Assembly constituency|Vilathikulam]]
|None
| None
|[[G. V. Markandayan]]
| [[G. V. Markandayan]]
|[[Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam]]
| [[Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam]]
|style="background:{{party color|Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam}};"|
| style="background:{{party color|Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam}};" |
|-
|-
!2
! 2
|214
| 214
|[[Thoothukkudi Assembly constituency|Thoothukkudi]]
| [[Thoothukkudi Assembly constituency|Thoothukkudi]]
|None
| None
|[[P. Geetha Jeevan]]
| [[P. Geetha Jeevan]]
|[[Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam]]
| [[Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam]]
|style="background:{{party color|Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam}};"|
| style="background:{{party color|Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam}};" |
|-
|-
!3
! 3
|215
| 215
|[[Tiruchendur Assembly constituency|Tiruchendur]]
| [[Tiruchendur Assembly constituency|Tiruchendur]]
|None
| None
|[[Anitha R. Radhakrishnan]]
| [[Anitha R. Radhakrishnan]]
|[[Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam]]
| [[Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam]]
|style="background:{{party color|Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam}};"|
| style="background:{{party color|Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam}};" |
|-
|-
!4
! 4
|216
| 216
|[[Srivaikuntam Assembly constituency|Srivaikuntam]]
| [[Srivaikuntam Assembly constituency|Srivaikuntam]]
|None
| None
|[[Oorvasi S. Amirtharaj]]
| [[Oorvasi S. Amirtharaj]]
|[[Indian National Congress]]
| [[Indian National Congress]]
|style="background:{{party color|Indian National Congress}};"|
| style="background:{{party color|Indian National Congress}};" |
|-
|-
!5
! 5
|217
| 217
|[[Ottapidaram Assembly constituency|Ottapidaram]]
| [[Ottapidaram Assembly constituency|Ottapidaram]]
|SC
| SC
|[[M. C. Shunmugaiah]]
| [[M. C. Shunmugaiah]]
|[[Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam]]
| [[Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam]]
|style="background:{{party color|Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam}};"|
| style="background:{{party color|Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam}};" |
|-
|-
!6
! 6
|218
| 218
|[[Kovilpatti Assembly constituency|Kovilpatti]]
| [[Kovilpatti Assembly constituency|Kovilpatti]]
|None
| None
|[[Kadambur Raju|Kadambur C. Raju]]
| [[Kadambur Raju|Kadambur C. Raju]]
|[[All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam]]
| [[All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam]]
|style="background:{{party color|All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam}};"|
| style="background:{{party color|All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam}};" |
|}
|}


==Economy==
== Economy ==
The [[V. O. Chidambaranar Port Trust]] contributes majorly to the economy of the district besides providing employment. Thoothukudi hosts industries such as SPIC, Thoothukudi alkaline chemicals, DCW zirconium plant and numerous salt packing companies. Many coal based power plants are at various stages of commissioning. Kovilpatti consists of many small sized industry especially match stick industries.
The [[V. O. Chidambaranar Port Trust]] contributes majorly to the economy of the district besides providing employment. Thoothukudi hosts industries such as SPIC, Thoothukudi alkaline chemicals, DCW zirconium plant and numerous salt packing companies. Many coal based power plants are at various stages of commissioning. Kovilpatti consists of many small sized industry especially match stick industries.


===Agriculture===
=== Agriculture ===
[[Rice|Paddy]] is the most cultivated crop in most of the villages like Uzhakkudi, Vallanadu, Aarumugamangalam, Palayakayal, [[Thiruvaikundam]], Sattankulam and Tiruchendur taluks. [[Cumbu]], [[Cholam]], [[Echinochloa frumentacea|Kuthiraivali]] and other [[pulses]] are raised in the dry tracts of [[Kovilpatti]], Vilathikulam, Nagalapuram [[Ottapidaram]], and Thoothukudi taluks. Cotton is cultivated in Kovilpatti, Ottapidaram and Thoothukudi Taluks. [[Peanut|Groundnut]] cultivation is undertaken in Kovilpatti, Tiruchendur, and Sattankulam taluks. Groundnut cake is being used as manure and cattle feed. Nagalapuram makes its economy to be solely dependent agriculture. Sugarcane and Plantain (Banana) are cultivated on a large scale along the stretch of Uzhakkudi. Banana and Beetel cultivation is more prominent in villages like Aarumugamanagalam and Yeral. Also vegetables like tomato, chillies, brinjal, lady's finger, beans are cultivated in village of Uzhakkudi. Summers are made use to cultivate cotton on a smaller scale. Main business of this area is dry chilly, cholam, cumbu, wood charcoal, etc.
[[Rice|Paddy]] is the most cultivated crop in most of the villages like Uzhakkudi, Vallanadu, Aarumugamangalam, Palayakayal, [[Thiruvaikundam]], Sattankulam and Tiruchendur taluks. [[Cumbu]], [[Cholam]], [[Echinochloa frumentacea|Kuthiraivali]] and other [[pulses]] are raised in the dry tracts of [[Kovilpatti]], Vilathikulam, Nagalapuram [[Ottapidaram]], and Thoothukudi taluks. Cotton is cultivated in Kovilpatti, Ottapidaram and Thoothukudi Taluks. [[Peanut|Groundnut]] cultivation is undertaken in Kovilpatti, Tiruchendur, and Sattankulam taluks. Groundnut cake is being used as manure and cattle feed. Nagalapuram makes its economy to be solely dependent agriculture. Sugarcane and Plantain (Banana) are cultivated on a large scale along the stretch of Uzhakkudi. Banana and Beetel cultivation is more prominent in villages like Aarumugamanagalam and Yeral. Also vegetables like tomato, chillies, brinjal, lady's finger, beans are cultivated in village of Uzhakkudi. Summers are made use to cultivate cotton on a smaller scale. Main business of this area is dry chilly, cholam, cumbu, wood charcoal, etc.
With 35% share, the district is the top producer of [[Cumbu]] in Tamil Nadu.<ref>[http://www.tn.gov.in/deptst/agriculture.pdf Agriculture] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090409222306/http://www.tn.gov.in/deptst/agriculture.pdf |date=9 April 2009 }}. Government of Tamil Nadu. State Transport Authority.</ref> [[Arecaceae|Palmyrah]] trees are grown mostly in Tiruchendur, Srivaikundam, Sattankulam and Vilathikulam taluks. [[Jaggery]] is produced from palmyrah juice; the production of jaggery is the main occupation of the people of Tiruchendur and Sattankulam taluks. [[Banana]] and other vegetables are raised in Srivaikundam and Tiruchendur taluks.
With 35% share, the district is the top producer of [[Cumbu]] in Tamil Nadu.<ref>[http://www.tn.gov.in/deptst/agriculture.pdf Agriculture] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090409222306/http://www.tn.gov.in/deptst/agriculture.pdf |date=9 April 2009 }}. Government of Tamil Nadu. State Transport Authority.</ref> [[Arecaceae|Palmyrah]] trees are grown mostly in Tiruchendur, Srivaikundam, Sattankulam and Vilathikulam taluks. [[Jaggery]] is produced from palmyrah juice; the production of jaggery is the main occupation of the people of Tiruchendur and Sattankulam taluks. [[Banana]] and other vegetables are raised in Srivaikundam and Tiruchendur taluks.


===Salt production===
=== Salt production ===
The district constitutes 70 percent of the total salt production of Tamil Nadu and 30 percent of that of India. Tamil Nadu is the second largest producer of Salt in India next to Gujarat.
The district constitutes 70 percent of the total salt production of Tamil Nadu and 30 percent of that of India. Tamil Nadu is the second largest producer of Salt in India next to Gujarat.


===Transport===
=== Transport ===
National Highway 45B, 7A and State Highways SH-32,33,40,44,75,76,77,93,176 connect to other parts of the State. Government buses connect the district with other parts of state. [[Tuticorin railway station|Thoothukudi]] and [[Kovilpatti railway station]] are the major stations of [[Indian Railways]]. [[V.O. Chidambaranar Port Authority]] in the district was declared as the tenth major seaport in [[India]] also provides container services. [[Tuticorin Airport]] is situated at Vaigaikulam and currently has flights to and from [[Chennai International Airport|Chennai]] and [[Kempegowda International Airport|Bengaluru]]. Thoothukudi is the one of the cities which is having four ways of transportation (Roadways, Railways, Airways and Seaways).
National Highway 45B, 7A and State Highways SH-32,33,40,44,75,76,77,93,176 connect to other parts of the State. Government buses connect the district with other parts of state. [[Tuticorin railway station|Thoothukudi]] and [[Kovilpatti railway station]] are the major stations of [[Indian Railways]]. [[V.O. Chidambaranar Port Authority]] in the district was declared as the tenth major seaport in [[India]] also provides container services. [[Tuticorin Airport]] is situated at Vaigaikulam and currently has flights to and from [[Chennai International Airport|Chennai]] and [[Kempegowda International Airport|Bengaluru]].


===Spaceport===
=== Spaceport ===
The [[Government of India]] is to set up a new Rocket launch pad near [[Kulasekharapatnam|Kulasekaranpattinam]] in Thoothukudi district. The [[Indian Space Research Organisation]] (ISRO) has begun work on its second Rocket launching pad or Spaceport, which will be Kulasekaranpattinam, Thoothukudi in Tamil Nadu. Like the Sriharikota spaceport in the Satish Dhawan Space Centre, Thoothukudi was selected as a spaceport due to its nearness to the equator. "A rocket launch site should be on the east coast and near the equator. And Thoothukudi district satisfies that condition", a former ISRO official stated.<ref>{{cite web|access-date=2019-12-06|title=Why Thoothukudi was chosen as ISRO’s second spaceport|url=https://www.thenewsminute.com/article/why-thoothukudi-was-chosen-isro-s-second-spaceport-113331|website=www.thenewsminute.com|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191202190344/https://www.thenewsminute.com/article/why-thoothukudi-was-chosen-isro-s-second-spaceport-113331|archive-date=2 December 2019|url-status=live}}</ref>
The [[Government of India]] is to set up a new Rocket launch pad near [[Kulasekharapatnam|Kulasekaranpattinam]] in Thoothukudi district. The [[Indian Space Research Organisation]] (ISRO) has begun work on its second Rocket launching pad or Spaceport, which will be Kulasekaranpattinam, Thoothukudi in Tamil Nadu. Like the Sriharikota spaceport in the Satish Dhawan Space Centre, Thoothukudi was selected as a spaceport due to its nearness to the equator. "A rocket launch site should be on the east coast and near the equator. And Thoothukudi district satisfies that condition", a former ISRO official stated.<ref>{{cite web|access-date=2019-12-06|title=Why Thoothukudi was chosen as ISRO’s second spaceport|url=https://www.thenewsminute.com/article/why-thoothukudi-was-chosen-isro-s-second-spaceport-113331|website=www.thenewsminute.com|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191202190344/https://www.thenewsminute.com/article/why-thoothukudi-was-chosen-isro-s-second-spaceport-113331|archive-date=2 December 2019|url-status=live}}</ref>


===Education===
=== Education ===
There are numerous educational institutions, colleges, schools providing education. The Agricultural College and Research Institute, Killikulam was established in 1984 – 85 as the third constituent College of Tamil Nadu Agricultural University. These include:<ref>{{cite web |title=Agricultural College & Research Institute, Killikulam |url=https://sites.google.com/a/tnau.ac.in/acrikkm |website=sites.google.com}}</ref>
There are numerous educational institutions, colleges, schools providing education. The Agricultural College and Research Institute, Killikulam was established in 1984–85 as the third constituent College of Tamil Nadu Agricultural University. These include:<ref>{{cite web |title=Agricultural College & Research Institute, Killikulam |url=https://sites.google.com/a/tnau.ac.in/acrikkm |website=sites.google.com}}</ref>
{{Further|Holy Cross Home Science College}}


==Notable people==
== Notable people ==
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* Angela Lincy, Sportsperson who set the national record of 1.72m in high jump at the National games in [[Thiruvananthapuram]] at the age of 15.
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* [[Appukutty]], Film actor
* Do not add a person that does not already have an article. *
* [[Beela Rajesh]], Former Health and Family Welfare Secretary of Tamil Nadu
* Write the article on a given subject BEFORE (WP:WTAF) adding a link to the article to list pages. *
* [[Charle]], Film actor
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* [[Appukutty]], film actor
* [[Beela Rajesh]], former Health and Family Welfare Secretary of Tamil Nadu
* [[Charle]], film actor
* [[Cottalango Leon]], [[Academy Awards|Oscar]] awardee
* [[Cottalango Leon]], [[Academy Awards|Oscar]] awardee
* [[Dinesh Karthik]], National cricketer
* [[Dinesh Karthik]], National cricketer
* [[Hari (director)|Hari]], Film director
* [[Hari (director)|Hari]], film director
* [[J. Kanakaraj]], Former State Election Commissioner of Andhra Pradesh
* [[J. Kanakaraj]], former State Election Commissioner of Andhra Pradesh
* [[J. P. Chandrababu]], Film actor
* [[J. P. Chandrababu]], film actor
* [[Jaguar Thangam]], Film stunt choreographer
* [[Jaguar Thangam]], film stunt choreographer
* [[K. P. Kandasamy]], Founder of the [[dinakaran]] newspaper group
* [[K. P. Kandasamy]], founder of the [[Dinakaran]] newspaper group
* [[Kaali Venkat]], film actor
* [[Kadambur R. Janarthanan|Kadambur M. R. Janarthanan]], former [[Minister of State]] [[Ministry of Personnel, Public Grievances and Pensions|for Personnel, Public Grievances and Pensions]] of India
* [[Ki. Rajanarayanan]], Tamil folklorist and writer
* [[Ki. Rajanarayanan]], Tamil folklorist and writer
* [[Ku. Alagirisami]], Tamil writer
* [[Ku. Alagirisami]], Tamil writer
* [[Kumaragurupara Desikar]], poet and Saivite ascetic
* [[Kadambur R. Janarthanan|Kadambur M. R. Janarthanan]], Former Union [[Minister of State]] [[Ministry of Personnel, Public Grievances and Pensions|for Personnel, Public Grievances and Pensions]]
* [[Kaali Venkat]], Film actor
* [[Mari Selvaraj]], film director
* [[Maveeran Alagumuthu Kone]], freedom fighter
* [[Kumaragurupara Desikar]], Poet and Saivite ascetic
* [[Mari Selvaraj]], Film director
* [[Naveen Raja Jacob]], volleyball player
* [[Maveeran Alagumuthu Kone]], Freedom fighter
* [[Nivetha Pethuraj]], film actress
* [[Oomaithurai]], Indian [[polygar]]
* [[Naveen Raja Jacob]], Volleyball sportsperson
* [[P. Rajagopal (businessman)|P. Rajagopal]], founder of [[Saravana Bhavan]]
* [[Nivetha Pethuraj]], Film actress
* [[Oomaithurai]], Indian [[Poligar]]
* [[P. Rajagopal (businessman)|P. Rajagopal]], Founder of [[Saravana Bhavan]]
* [[P. Sri Acharya]], Tamil scholar
* [[P. Sri Acharya]], Tamil scholar
* [[Poomani]], Tamil writer and receiver of [[Sahitya Akademi]] for his work ''[[Agnaadi]]''
* Pon Mariappan, Barber who equipped his salon with mini library and got appreciated by [[Prime Minister of India|PM]] [[Narendra Modi]] in the "[[Mann Ki Baat]]" radio programme
* [[R. Nallakannu]], politician and social activist
* [[Poomani]], Tamil writer and receiver of [[Sahitya Akademi]] for his work [[Agnaadi]]
* [[R. Nallakannu]], Politician and social activist
* [[R. Parthiban]], film actor
* [[R. Parthiban]], Film actor
* [[Rajendran]], film actor and stunt double
* [[S. Anantharamakrishnan]], founder of [[Amalgamations Group]]
* [[Ramanichandran]], Tamil romance novelist
* [[S. P. Adithanar]], former Speaker of the [[Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly]]
* [[Rajendran]], Film actor and stunt double
* [[Shenbaga]], film actress
* [[S. P. Adithanar]], Founder of the ''[[Dina Thanthi]]'' newspaper group
* [[S. Anantharamakrishnan]], Founder of [[Amalgamations Group]]
* [[Shiv Nadar]], founder of [[HCL Technologies]]
* [[Shenbaga]], Film actress
* [[Shiv Nadar]], Founder of [[HCL Technologies]]
* [[Sivanthi Adithan|Sivanthi Aditanar]], Tamil media baron
* [[Sivanthi Adithan|Sivanthi Aditanar]], Tamil media baron
* [[Stunt Silva]], Film stunt actor
* [[Stunt Silva]], film stunt actor
* [[Subramanya Bharathi]], Freedom fighter and writer
* [[Subramanya Bharathi]], freedom fighter and writer
* [[Thengai Srinivasan]], Film actor
* [[T. S. Balaiah]], film actor
* [[T. S. Balaiah]], Film actor
* [[Thengai Srinivasan]], film actor
* [[Umaru Pulavar]], Tamil poet
* [[Umaru Pulavar]], Tamil poet
* [[V. O. Chidambaram Pillai]], Freedom fighter
* [[V. O. Chidambaram Pillai]], freedom fighter
* [[Veeran Sundaralingam]], Freedom fighter
* [[Vanchinathan]], freedom fighter
* [[Vanchinathan]], Freedom fighter
* [[Veeran Sundaralingam]], freedom fighter
* [[Veerapandiya Kattabomman]], Freedom fighter
* [[Veerapandiya Kattabomman]], freedom fighter
* [[Vellaya Devan]], freedom fighter
* [[Vivekh]], Film actor and social activist
* [[Vivekh]], film actor and social activist


==See also==
== See also ==
* [[Thoothukudi massacre]]
* [[Thoothukudi massacre]]
* [[Custodial death of P Jayaraj and Bennicks]]
* [[Custodial death of P Jayaraj and Bennicks]]
Line 385: Line 409:
* [[List of districts of Tamil Nadu]]
* [[List of districts of Tamil Nadu]]


==References==
== References ==
{{Reflist}}
{{Reflist}}


==External links==
== External links ==
{{Commons category}}
{{Commons category}}
* [http://www.thoothukudi.com/ Thoothukudi corporation]
* [http://www.thoothukudi.com/ Thoothukudi corporation]
Line 394: Line 418:


{{Geographic location
{{Geographic location
|Centre = Thoothukudi district
| Centre = Thoothukudi district
|North = [[Virudhunagar district]]
| North = [[Virudhunagar district]]
|Northeast = [[Ramanathapuram district]]
| Northeast = [[Ramanathapuram district]]
|East = [[Gulf of Mannar]]
| East = [[Gulf of Mannar]]
|Southeast =
| Southeast =
|South =
| South =
|Southwest =
| Southwest =
|West = [[Tirunelveli district]]
| West = [[Tirunelveli district]]
|Northwest =
| Northwest =
}}
}}


Latest revision as of 18:41, 20 November 2024

This article is about the district. For its eponymous headquarters, see Thoothukudi.

Thoothukudi
District of Tamil Nadu
Map
Thoothukudi district
Location in Tamil Nadu
Coordinates: 8°54′N 77°59′E / 8.900°N 77.983°E / 8.900; 77.983
Country India
State Tamil Nadu
Established20 October 1986
(38 years ago) (1986-10-20)
Founded byM. G. Ramachandran
HeadquartersThoothukudi
TalukasThoothukudi, Thiruvaikundam, Kovilpatti, Ottapidaram, Ettayapuram, Vilathikulam, Kayathar, Tiruchendur, Sathankulam, Eral
Government
 • TypeDistrict Administration
 • BodyThoothukudi District Collectorate
 • District CollectorK. Elambahavath, I.A.S.
 • Superintendent of PoliceAlbert John, I.P.S.
 • District Revenue OfficerC. Ajay Srinivasan, B.Tech.
 • Additional Collector and Project Director (DRDA)R. Ishwarya, I.A.S.
Area
 • Total
4,707 km2 (1,817 sq mi)
 • Rank8
Population
 (2011)
 • Total
1,750,176
 • Rank18
 • Density372/km2 (960/sq mi)
Languages
 • OfficialTamil
Time zoneUTC+5:30 (IST)
PIN
628xxx
Telephone code0461
ISO 3166 codeISO 3166-2:IN-TN
Vehicle registrationTN-69, TN-96, TN-92[1]
Websitethoothukudi.nic.in

Thoothukudi District is one of the 38 districts of Tamil Nadu state in southern India. The district was formed by bifurcation of Tirunelveli district on 20 October 1986. Thoothukudi is the district headquarters and largest city of the district. The district is known for fishing as well as pearl cultivation, with an abundance of pearls being found in the seas offshore. Thoothukudi district has many historical sites such as Adichanallur and the ancient trade port of Korkai.[2]

Geography

[edit]

Thoothukudi district is situated in the south-eastern corner of Tamil Nadu. It is bounded by the districts of Virudhunagar on the north, Ramanathapuram on the north-east, Tirunelveli on the west and south-west, Tenkasi on the north-west and Gulf of Mannar on the east and southeast. The total area of the district is 4,621 km2 (1,784 sq mi).

Water bodies

[edit]

There are no large reservoirs in this district so the Papanasam and Manimuthar dams located in the Tirunelveli district in the Thamirabarani River's flow are the main sources of irrigation. Other than the Thamirabarani River, the river Vaipar in Vilathikulam taluk, the river Karumeni which traverses through Sathankulam, and Tiruchendur taluks, Palayakayal are all sources.

Demographics

[edit]
Historical population
YearPop.±% p.a.
1901705,534—    
1911762,625+0.78%
1921787,166+0.32%
1931840,656+0.66%
1941910,729+0.80%
1951957,735+0.50%
19611,052,970+0.95%
19711,228,295+1.55%
19811,370,289+1.10%
19911,475,872+0.75%
20011,592,769+0.77%
20111,750,176+0.95%
source:[3]
Religions in Thoothukudi district (2011)[4]
Religion Percent
Hinduism
 
 78.50%
Christianity
 
 16.68%
Islam
 
 4.61%
Other or not stated
 
 0.21%

According to 2011 census, Thoothukudi district had a population of 1,750,176 with a sex-ratio of 1,023 females for every 1,000 males, much above the national average of 929.[5] A total of 183,763 were under the age of six, constituting 93,605 males and 90,158 females. It has a large numbers of Nadars Thiruchendur, Sathankulam, Thoothukudi, Eral Appanad Maravars (Kovilpatti, Tiruvaikuntam, Ottapidaram, Kayatharu), Vellalars (Ettayapuram, Ottapidaram, Thoothukudi, Tiruchendur, Kovilpatti, Vilathukulam), DevendraKula Velalars(Thoothukudi, Kovilpatti, Vilathikulam, Ottapidaram), Nayakars/Naidu (Kovilpatti and Vilathikulam) and Parathars (Thoothukudi and Tiruchendur). Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes accounted for 19.88% and 0.28% of the population, respectively, mostly in Ottapidaram. The average literacy of the district was 77.12%, compared to the national average of 72.99%. 50.10% of the population lived in urban areas.[5] The district had a total of 462,010 households. There were a total of 748,095 workers, comprising 44,633 cultivators, 161,418 main agricultural labourers, 17,872 in house hold industries, 433,524 other workers, 90,648 marginal workers, 3,882 marginal cultivators, 39,226 marginal agricultural labourers, 4,991 marginal workers in household industries and 42,549 other marginal workers.[5]

Languages of Thoothukudi district (2011)[6]

  Tamil (98.97%)
  Telugu (0.54%)
  Others (0.49%)

At the time of the 2011 census, 98.97% of the population spoke Tamil and 0.54% Telugu as their first language.[6]

Politics

[edit]
This section is transcluded from 16th Tamil Nadu Assembly. (edit | history)
Source:[7][8]
District No. Constituency Name Party Alliance Remarks
Thoothukudi 213 Vilathikulam G. V. Markandayan Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam SPA
214 Thoothukkudi P. Geetha Jeevan Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam SPA
215 Tiruchendur Anitha Radhakrishnan Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam SPA
216 Srivaikuntam Oorvasi S. Amirtharaj Indian National Congress SPA
217 Ottapidaram (SC) M. C. Shunmugaiah Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam SPA
218 Kovilpatti Kadambur C. Raju All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam None

Administrative divisions

[edit]

Thoothukudi District is divided into three revenue divisions and ten taluks.[9] There are forty-one revenue firkas and 480 revenue villages.[10]

Revenue
Divisions 		Talukas Number of
Revenue
Villages
Thoothukudi Thoothukudi 33
Thiruvaikundam 46
Kovilpatti Kovilpatti 33
Ottapidaram 63
Ettayapuram 56
Vilathikulam 89
Kayathar 54
Tiruchendur Tiruchendur 36
Sathankulam 25
Eral 45

The district is divided into twelve revenue blocks for rural and urban development. The twelve revenue blocks are Thoothukudi, Tiruchendur, Udangudi, Sathankulam, Thiruvaikundam, Alwarthirunagari, Karunkulam, Ottapidaram, Kovilpatti, Kayathar, Vilathikulam, and Pudur. The district has one municipal corporation: Thoothukudi; three municipalities: Kayalpattinam, Kovilpatti and Tiruchendur; eighteen town panchayats: Alwarthirunagiri, Arumuganeri, Athur, Eral, Ettayapuram, Kadambur, Kalugumalai, Kanam, Kayatharu, Nazerath, Perungulam, Sathankulam, Sayapuram, Srivaikuntam, Thenthiruperai, Udangudi, V. Pudur and Vilathikulam[11] and 403 panchayat villages.[12]

Revenue Divisions and Taluks

[edit]

Thoothukudi Revenue Division: Thoothukudi, Srivaikundam

Tiruchendur Revenue Division: Tiruchendur, Sathankulam, Eral

Kovilpatti Revenue Division: Kovilpatti, Ettayapuram, Vilathikulam, Ottapidaram, Kayathar

Municipal Corporation

[edit]
  1. Thoothukudi

Municipalities

[edit]
  1. Kovilpatti
  2. Tiruchendur
  3. Kayalpattinam

Town Panchayats

[edit]
  1. Arumuganeri
  2. Athur
  3. Eral
  4. Ettayapuram
  5. Kalugumalai
  6. Nazareth
  7. Sathankulam
  8. Sawyerpuram
  9. Srivaikuntam
  10. Udangudi
  11. Vilathikulam
  12. Alwarthirunagari
  13. Kadambur
  14. Kayathar
  15. Pudur (V)
  16. Kanam
  17. Perungulam
  18. Thenthiruperai

Proposed Municipalities

[edit]
  1. Arumuganeri
  2. Sathankulam
  3. Nazareth

Proposed Town Panchayats

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  1. Ottapidaram
  2. Karungulam

Panchayat Unions / Blocks

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  1. Alwarthirunagiri
  2. Karunkulam
  3. Kayathar
  4. Kovilpatti
  5. Ottapidaram
  6. Pudur (V)
  7. Sathankulam
  8. Srivaikuntam
  9. Thoothukudi
  10. Thiruchendur
  11. Udangudi
  12. Vilathikulam

Villages

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Parliamentary Lok Sabha Constituency

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No. Constituency Number Constituency Name Reserved for (SC/ST/None) Elected Representative Political Party
1 36 Thoothukkudi None Kanimozhi Karunanidhi Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam

Tamil Nadu Assembly Constituencies

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No. Constituency Number Constituency Name Reserved for (SC/ST/None) Elected Representative Political Party
1 213 Vilathikulam None G. V. Markandayan Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam
2 214 Thoothukkudi None P. Geetha Jeevan Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam
3 215 Tiruchendur None Anitha R. Radhakrishnan Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam
4 216 Srivaikuntam None Oorvasi S. Amirtharaj Indian National Congress
5 217 Ottapidaram SC M. C. Shunmugaiah Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam
6 218 Kovilpatti None Kadambur C. Raju All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam

Economy

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The V. O. Chidambaranar Port Trust contributes majorly to the economy of the district besides providing employment. Thoothukudi hosts industries such as SPIC, Thoothukudi alkaline chemicals, DCW zirconium plant and numerous salt packing companies. Many coal based power plants are at various stages of commissioning. Kovilpatti consists of many small sized industry especially match stick industries.

Agriculture

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Paddy is the most cultivated crop in most of the villages like Uzhakkudi, Vallanadu, Aarumugamangalam, Palayakayal, Thiruvaikundam, Sattankulam and Tiruchendur taluks. Cumbu, Cholam, Kuthiraivali and other pulses are raised in the dry tracts of Kovilpatti, Vilathikulam, Nagalapuram Ottapidaram, and Thoothukudi taluks. Cotton is cultivated in Kovilpatti, Ottapidaram and Thoothukudi Taluks. Groundnut cultivation is undertaken in Kovilpatti, Tiruchendur, and Sattankulam taluks. Groundnut cake is being used as manure and cattle feed. Nagalapuram makes its economy to be solely dependent agriculture. Sugarcane and Plantain (Banana) are cultivated on a large scale along the stretch of Uzhakkudi. Banana and Beetel cultivation is more prominent in villages like Aarumugamanagalam and Yeral. Also vegetables like tomato, chillies, brinjal, lady's finger, beans are cultivated in village of Uzhakkudi. Summers are made use to cultivate cotton on a smaller scale. Main business of this area is dry chilly, cholam, cumbu, wood charcoal, etc. With 35% share, the district is the top producer of Cumbu in Tamil Nadu.[13] Palmyrah trees are grown mostly in Tiruchendur, Srivaikundam, Sattankulam and Vilathikulam taluks. Jaggery is produced from palmyrah juice; the production of jaggery is the main occupation of the people of Tiruchendur and Sattankulam taluks. Banana and other vegetables are raised in Srivaikundam and Tiruchendur taluks.

Salt production

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The district constitutes 70 percent of the total salt production of Tamil Nadu and 30 percent of that of India. Tamil Nadu is the second largest producer of Salt in India next to Gujarat.

Transport

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National Highway 45B, 7A and State Highways SH-32,33,40,44,75,76,77,93,176 connect to other parts of the State. Government buses connect the district with other parts of state. Thoothukudi and Kovilpatti railway station are the major stations of Indian Railways. V.O. Chidambaranar Port Authority in the district was declared as the tenth major seaport in India also provides container services. Tuticorin Airport is situated at Vaigaikulam and currently has flights to and from Chennai and Bengaluru.

Spaceport

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The Government of India is to set up a new Rocket launch pad near Kulasekaranpattinam in Thoothukudi district. The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) has begun work on its second Rocket launching pad or Spaceport, which will be Kulasekaranpattinam, Thoothukudi in Tamil Nadu. Like the Sriharikota spaceport in the Satish Dhawan Space Centre, Thoothukudi was selected as a spaceport due to its nearness to the equator. "A rocket launch site should be on the east coast and near the equator. And Thoothukudi district satisfies that condition", a former ISRO official stated.[14]

Education

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There are numerous educational institutions, colleges, schools providing education. The Agricultural College and Research Institute, Killikulam was established in 1984–85 as the third constituent College of Tamil Nadu Agricultural University. These include:[15]

Further information: Holy Cross Home Science College

Notable people

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See also

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References

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  1. ^ Thoothukudi district Archived 12 September 2012 at the Wayback Machine. Government of Tamil Nadu. State Transport Authority.
  2. ^ Majeed, A. Abdul (1987). "A note on Korkai Excavations". Tamil Civilization. 5 (1/2). Tamil University, Thanjavur: 73–77.
  3. ^ "Decadal Variation In Population Since 1901". Archived from the original on 8 August 2019. Retrieved 9 August 2019.
  4. ^ "Table C-01 Population by Religion: Tamil Nadu". censusindia.gov.in. Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India. 2011.
  5. ^ a b c "District Census Handbook 2011 – Thoothukudi" (PDF). Census of India. Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India.
  6. ^ a b "Table C-16 Population by Mother Tongue: Tamil Nadu". Census of India. Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India.
  7. ^ "Tamil Nadu Election Results 2021: Here's full list of winners". CNBCTV18. 3 May 2021. Retrieved 22 December 2023.
  8. ^ "Tamil Nadu Election Results 2021: Full list of winners". www.indiatvnews.com. 2 May 2021. Retrieved 22 December 2023.
  9. ^ Palanithurai, Ganapathy; Parthiban, T. & Vanishree, Joseph (2007). Empowering Women: Grassroots Experience from Tamil Nadu. New Delhi: Concept Publishing Company. p. 35. ISBN 978-81-8069-454-7.
  10. ^ "Administration". District Collectorate, Thoothukudi. Archived from the original on 3 April 2012.
  11. ^ "Thoothukudi District, Tamil Nadu". Thoothukudi.nic.in. Archived from the original on 29 September 2011. Retrieved 20 September 2011.
  12. ^ "Reports of National Panchayat Directory: Block Panchayats of Tuticorin, Tamil Nadu". Ministry of Panchayati Raj, Government of India. Archived from the original on 13 November 2011.
  13. ^ Agriculture Archived 9 April 2009 at the Wayback Machine. Government of Tamil Nadu. State Transport Authority.
  14. ^ "Why Thoothukudi was chosen as ISRO's second spaceport". www.thenewsminute.com. Archived from the original on 2 December 2019. Retrieved 6 December 2019.
  15. ^ "Agricultural College & Research Institute, Killikulam". sites.google.com.
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