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{{Short description|Masthead signals showing vessel status}}
{{Short description|Masthead signals showing vessel status}}


'''Day shapes''' are mast head [[maritime flag signalling|signals]] visually indicating the status of a vessel to other vessels on navigable waters during daylight hours whether making-way, anchored, or aground. These signals consist of a set of simple geometric shapes—''ball'', ''cylinder'', ''cone'', and ''diamond''—that are displayed, hung from a mast, in a prescribed manner to indicate a vessel's operational status; some of these signals may be somewhat involved.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Commandant US Coast Guard|title=Navigation Rules: International and Inland|date=25 March 1999|publisher=US Department of Transportation, US Coast Guard|location=PART C—LIGHTS AND SHAPES|pages=38–113|edition=COMDTINST 16672.2D|accessdate=15 July 2019|url=https://www.navcen.uscg.gov/pdf/navRules/COMDTINST_M16672_2D_NavRules_as_published.pdf}}</ref> The meanings of the shapes are defined by the [[International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea]] (ColRegs).
'''Day shapes''' are mast head [[maritime flag signalling|signals]] visually indicating the status of a vessel to other vessels on navigable waters during daylight hours whether making-way, anchored, or aground. These signals consist of a set of simple geometric shapes—''ball'', ''cylinder'', ''cone'', and ''diamond''—that are displayed, hung from a mast, in a prescribed manner to indicate a vessel's operational status; some of these signals may be somewhat involved.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Commandant US Coast Guard|title=Navigation Rules: International and Inland|date=25 March 1999|publisher=US Department of Transportation, US Coast Guard|location=PART C—LIGHTS AND SHAPES|pages=38–113|edition=COMDTINST 16672.2D|accessdate=15 July 2019|url=https://www.navcen.uscg.gov/pdf/navRules/COMDTINST_M16672_2D_NavRules_as_published.pdf|archive-date=25 December 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181225071907/https://www.navcen.uscg.gov/pdf/navRules/COMDTINST_M16672_2D_NavRules_as_published.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref> The meanings of the shapes are defined by the [[International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea]] (ColRegs).


[[File:AMarcasDiurnas.PNG|thumb|right|Day shapes from ColRegs]]
[[File:AMarcasDiurnas.PNG|thumb|right|Day shapes from ColRegs]]


Day shapes are black in color and their sizes are determined by the ColRegs; for example, the size of the ball is not less than {{convert|0.6|m|ft}}. The vertical distance between shapes is at least {{convert|1.5|m|ft}}. Vessels of less than {{convert|20|m|ft}} length may use shapes of smaller size commensurate with the size of the vessel.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Commandant US Coast Guard|title=Navigation Rules: International and Inland|date=25 March 1999|publisher=US Department of Transportation: US Coast Guard|location=ANNEX I—POSITIONING AND TECHNICAL DETAILS OF LIGHTS AND SHAPES|page=141|edition=COMDTINST M16672.2D|accessdate=15 July 2019|url=https://www.navcen.uscg.gov/pdf/navRules/COMDTINST_M16672_2D_NavRules_as_published.pdf}}</ref> Day shapes of standard and reduced sizes are both commercially available. Day shapes are commonly constructed from a light weight frame covered with fabric and are designed to be collapsible for ease of storage.
Day shapes are black in color and their sizes are determined by the ColRegs; for example, the size of the ball is not less than {{convert|0.6|m|ft}}. The vertical distance between shapes is at least {{convert|1.5|m|ft}}. Vessels of less than {{convert|20|m|ft}} length may use shapes of smaller size commensurate with the size of the vessel.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Commandant US Coast Guard|title=Navigation Rules: International and Inland|date=25 March 1999|publisher=US Department of Transportation: US Coast Guard|location=ANNEX I—POSITIONING AND TECHNICAL DETAILS OF LIGHTS AND SHAPES|page=141|edition=COMDTINST M16672.2D|accessdate=15 July 2019|url=https://www.navcen.uscg.gov/pdf/navRules/COMDTINST_M16672_2D_NavRules_as_published.pdf|archive-date=25 December 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181225071907/https://www.navcen.uscg.gov/pdf/navRules/COMDTINST_M16672_2D_NavRules_as_published.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref> Day shapes of standard and reduced sizes are both commercially available. Day shapes are commonly constructed from a light weight frame covered with fabric and are designed to be collapsible for ease of storage.


[[File:US Navy 080730-N-7571S-010 Quartermaster Seaman Andrew Dobrzykowski lowers day shapes Ball, Diamond, Ball signaling the end of restricted maneuvering.jpg|thumb|right|A US Navy seaman lowers day shapes "ball, diamond, ball", signaling the end of restricted maneuvering]]
[[File:US Navy 080730-N-7571S-010 Quartermaster Seaman Andrew Dobrzykowski lowers day shapes Ball, Diamond, Ball signaling the end of restricted maneuvering.jpg|thumb|right|A US Navy sailor lowers day shapes "ball, diamond, ball", signaling the end of restricted maneuvering]]


Day shapes are designed to correspond to the various [[navigation light]]s required to be shown at night, and are required to be complied with by day from sunrise to sunset. The appropriate lights may also be displayed during the day at times of restricted visibility or other necessary circumstances.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Commandant US Coast Guard|title=Navigation Rules: International and Inland|date=25 March 1999|publisher=US Department of Transportation: US Coast Guard|location=PART C—LIGHTS AND SHAPES|page=38|edition=COMDTINST M16672.2D|accessdate=15 July 2019|url=https://www.navcen.uscg.gov/pdf/navRules/COMDTINST_M16672_2D_NavRules_as_published.pdf}}</ref> Vessels under 7 meters are generally not required to display day shapes even if they are required to display lights at night.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Commandant US Coast Guard|title=Navigation Rules: International and Inland|date=25 March 1999|publisher=US Department of Transportation: US Coast Guard|location=PART C—LIGHTS AND SHAPES|page=110|edition=COMDTINST M16672.2D|accessdate=15 July 2019|url=https://www.navcen.uscg.gov/pdf/navRules/COMDTINST_M16672_2D_NavRules_as_published.pdf}}</ref>
Day shapes are designed to correspond to the various [[navigation light]]s required to be shown at night, and are required to be complied with by day from sunrise to sunset. The appropriate lights may also be displayed during the day at times of restricted visibility or other necessary circumstances.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Commandant US Coast Guard|title=Navigation Rules: International and Inland|date=25 March 1999|publisher=US Department of Transportation: US Coast Guard|location=PART C—LIGHTS AND SHAPES|page=38|edition=COMDTINST M16672.2D|accessdate=15 July 2019|url=https://www.navcen.uscg.gov/pdf/navRules/COMDTINST_M16672_2D_NavRules_as_published.pdf|archive-date=25 December 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181225071907/https://www.navcen.uscg.gov/pdf/navRules/COMDTINST_M16672_2D_NavRules_as_published.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref> Vessels under 7 meters are generally not required to display day shapes even if they are required to display lights at night.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Commandant US Coast Guard|title=Navigation Rules: International and Inland|date=25 March 1999|publisher=US Department of Transportation: US Coast Guard|location=PART C—LIGHTS AND SHAPES|page=110|edition=COMDTINST M16672.2D|accessdate=15 July 2019|url=https://www.navcen.uscg.gov/pdf/navRules/COMDTINST_M16672_2D_NavRules_as_published.pdf|archive-date=25 December 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181225071907/https://www.navcen.uscg.gov/pdf/navRules/COMDTINST_M16672_2D_NavRules_as_published.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref>


A square black flag displayed over the ball may be used as a distress signal.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Commandant US Coast Guard|title=Navigation Rules: International and Inland|date=25 March 1999|publisher=US Department of Transportation: US Coast Guard|location=PART C—LIGHTS AND SHAPES|page=126|edition=COMDTINST M16672.2D|accessdate=15 July 2019|url=https://www.navcen.uscg.gov/pdf/navRules/COMDTINST_M16672_2D_NavRules_as_published.pdf}}</ref>
A square black flag displayed over the ball may be used as a distress signal.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Commandant US Coast Guard|title=Navigation Rules: International and Inland|date=25 March 1999|publisher=US Department of Transportation: US Coast Guard|location=PART C—LIGHTS AND SHAPES|page=126|edition=COMDTINST M16672.2D|accessdate=15 July 2019|url=https://www.navcen.uscg.gov/pdf/navRules/COMDTINST_M16672_2D_NavRules_as_published.pdf|archive-date=25 December 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181225071907/https://www.navcen.uscg.gov/pdf/navRules/COMDTINST_M16672_2D_NavRules_as_published.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref>


Some of the most common signals are as follows:
Some of the most common signals (see Day shapes diagram):


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
Line 21: Line 21:
! Restriction
! Restriction
|-
|-
⚫
| 1. Anchored
⚫
| Vessel under sail and power
| Cone
⚫
| > 12&nbsp;m
⚫
|-
⚫
| Anchored
| Ball
| Ball
| > 7&nbsp;m (not in channel) > 20&nbsp;m (in anchorage)
| not required if < 7&nbsp;m and where vessels normally do not navigate
|-
|-
⚫
| 2. Vessel under sail and power
⚫
| Constrained by draft
| Cone, apex down
⚫
| Cylinder
|
|-
|-
⚫
| 3. Vessel towing
⚫
| Aground
⚫
| Diamond
⚫
| 3 balls (vert. line)
| > 12&nbsp;m
| Tow > 200&nbsp;m
|-
|-
⚫
| 3. Vessel being towed
⚫
| Not under command
⚫
| Diamond
⚫
| Tow > 200&nbsp;m
⚫
|-
| 4,11. Fishing (with restricted maneuvrability)
⚫
| 2 cones (apexes together)
| > 20&nbsp;m (extra cone: gear extending more than 150 metres in that direction)
⚫
|-
⚫
| 5. Not under command
| 2 balls (vert. line)
| 2 balls (vert. line)
| > 12&nbsp;m
| > 12&nbsp;m
|-
|-
⚫
| 6. Minesweeping
⚫
| Restricted in ability to maneuver
⚫
| 3 balls
| 1 ball, 1 diamond, 1 ball
|
|-
⚫
| 7,10. Restricted in ability to manoeuvre
| ball, diamond, ball (2 diamonds - safe side to pass)
| > 12&nbsp;m (except dive boats)
| > 12&nbsp;m (except dive boats)
|-
|-
⚫
| 8. Constrained by draft
| Fishing (commercial)
⚫
| Cylinder
⚫
| 2 cones (vert. line)
| > 20&nbsp;m (but must display ''nets or trawling'' basket shape)
|-
|-
⚫
| 9. Aground
⚫
| Vessel towing
⚫
| 3 balls (vert. line)
⚫
| Diamond
| Tow > 200&nbsp;m
| > 12&nbsp;m
|-
|-
⚫
| Vessel being towed
⚫
| Diamond
| Tow > 200&nbsp;m
⚫
|-
⚫
| Minesweeping
⚫
| 3 balls
| Naval
|}
|}


Line 64: Line 65:
* [[International Maritime Organization]]
* [[International Maritime Organization]]
* [[International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea]]
* [[International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea]]
* [[Navigation light#Marine navigation lights|Marine navigation lights]]
* [[Navigation light#Marine navigation|Marine navigation lights]]
* [[US Coast Guard]]
* [[US Coast Guard]]


Line 72: Line 73:
==External links==
==External links==
* [http://www.navcen.uscg.gov/?pageName=navRulesContent United States Coast Guard, Navigation Center, Navigation Rules On-Line]
* [http://www.navcen.uscg.gov/?pageName=navRulesContent United States Coast Guard, Navigation Center, Navigation Rules On-Line]
* [http://www.imo.org/about/conventions/listofconventions/pages/colreg.aspx International Maritime Organization: COLREGS]
* [http://www.imo.org/about/conventions/listofconventions/pages/colreg.aspx International Maritime Organization: COLREGS] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150511222328/http://www.imo.org/About/Conventions/ListOfConventions/Pages/COLREG.aspx |date=2015-05-11 }}


[[Category:International Maritime Organization]]
[[Category:International Maritime Organization]]

Latest revision as of 14:09, 25 March 2024

Day shapes are mast head signals visually indicating the status of a vessel to other vessels on navigable waters during daylight hours whether making-way, anchored, or aground. These signals consist of a set of simple geometric shapes—ball, cylinder, cone, and diamond—that are displayed, hung from a mast, in a prescribed manner to indicate a vessel's operational status; some of these signals may be somewhat involved.[1] The meanings of the shapes are defined by the International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea (ColRegs).

Day shapes from ColRegs

Day shapes are black in color and their sizes are determined by the ColRegs; for example, the size of the ball is not less than 0.6 metres (2.0 ft). The vertical distance between shapes is at least 1.5 metres (4.9 ft). Vessels of less than 20 metres (66 ft) length may use shapes of smaller size commensurate with the size of the vessel.[2] Day shapes of standard and reduced sizes are both commercially available. Day shapes are commonly constructed from a light weight frame covered with fabric and are designed to be collapsible for ease of storage.

A US Navy sailor lowers day shapes "ball, diamond, ball", signaling the end of restricted maneuvering

Day shapes are designed to correspond to the various navigation lights required to be shown at night, and are required to be complied with by day from sunrise to sunset. The appropriate lights may also be displayed during the day at times of restricted visibility or other necessary circumstances.[3] Vessels under 7 meters are generally not required to display day shapes even if they are required to display lights at night.[4]

A square black flag displayed over the ball may be used as a distress signal.[5]

Some of the most common signals (see Day shapes diagram):

Navigation status Day shape Restriction
1. Anchored Ball not required if < 7 m and where vessels normally do not navigate
2. Vessel under sail and power Cone, apex down
3. Vessel towing Diamond Tow > 200 m
3. Vessel being towed Diamond Tow > 200 m
4,11. Fishing (with restricted maneuvrability) 2 cones (apexes together) > 20 m (extra cone: gear extending more than 150 metres in that direction)
5. Not under command 2 balls (vert. line) > 12 m
6. Minesweeping 3 balls
7,10. Restricted in ability to manoeuvre ball, diamond, ball (2 diamonds - safe side to pass) > 12 m (except dive boats)
8. Constrained by draft Cylinder
9. Aground 3 balls (vert. line) > 12 m

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Commandant US Coast Guard (25 March 1999). Navigation Rules: International and Inland (PDF) (COMDTINST 16672.2D ed.). PART C—LIGHTS AND SHAPES: US Department of Transportation, US Coast Guard. pp. 38–113. Archived from the original (PDF) on 25 December 2018. Retrieved 15 July 2019.
  2. ^ Commandant US Coast Guard (25 March 1999). Navigation Rules: International and Inland (PDF) (COMDTINST M16672.2D ed.). ANNEX I—POSITIONING AND TECHNICAL DETAILS OF LIGHTS AND SHAPES: US Department of Transportation: US Coast Guard. p. 141. Archived from the original (PDF) on 25 December 2018. Retrieved 15 July 2019.
  3. ^ Commandant US Coast Guard (25 March 1999). Navigation Rules: International and Inland (PDF) (COMDTINST M16672.2D ed.). PART C—LIGHTS AND SHAPES: US Department of Transportation: US Coast Guard. p. 38. Archived from the original (PDF) on 25 December 2018. Retrieved 15 July 2019.
  4. ^ Commandant US Coast Guard (25 March 1999). Navigation Rules: International and Inland (PDF) (COMDTINST M16672.2D ed.). PART C—LIGHTS AND SHAPES: US Department of Transportation: US Coast Guard. p. 110. Archived from the original (PDF) on 25 December 2018. Retrieved 15 July 2019.
  5. ^ Commandant US Coast Guard (25 March 1999). Navigation Rules: International and Inland (PDF) (COMDTINST M16672.2D ed.). PART C—LIGHTS AND SHAPES: US Department of Transportation: US Coast Guard. p. 126. Archived from the original (PDF) on 25 December 2018. Retrieved 15 July 2019.
[edit]
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