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{{Short description|Big game rifle cartridge}}
{{Short description|Big game rifle cartridge}}
{{Multiple issues|
{{more citations needed|date=January 2013}}
{{more citations needed|date=January 2013}}
{{Notability}}
{{Notability|Product|date=June 2023}}
}}

{{Infobox firearm cartridge
{{Infobox firearm cartridge
| name = .700 Nitro Express
| name = .700 Nitro Express
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| designer = Jim Bell / William Feldstein
| designer = Jim Bell / William Feldstein
| design_date = 1988
| design_date = 1988
| manufacturer = [[Holland & Holland|Holland & Holland]]
| manufacturer = [[Holland & Holland]]
| production_date = 1988–present
| production_date = 1988–present
| number =
| number =
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}}
}}


The '''.700 [[Nitro Express]]''' (17.8×89mmR) is a [[Big game hunting|big game]] [[rifle]] [[Cartridge (firearms)|cartridge]]. The cartridge is typically charged with around 250 grains of powder, in addition to a two-grain igniter charge (to reduce the tendency of the cartridge to [[hang fire]] from such large powder charges).<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://relgun.com/ld/caliber-171/bl/2662.htm|title=Load 2662 detail in caliber .700 Nitro Express &#124; RelGun. Catalog of shooting results and reloading data}}</ref> The cartridge was introduced in 1988 by the boutique gunmakers [[Holland & Holland]] (H&H) of London, England. It was developed by Jim Bell and William Feldstein and built by H&H. Feldstein had tried unsuccessfully to get H&H to build a [[.600 Nitro Express]] for him, but they had already ceased production. However, when Bell and Feldstein produced an entirely new .700 Nitro Express cartridge, they were able to attract the interest of H&H, which was looking for a new big-bore cartridge. After production began, the backlog of orders was so great that it continued to 2007 and H&H restarted the production of .600 Nitro Express guns.<ref name="cotw">''Cartridges of the World 11th Edition'', Book by Frank C. Barnes, Edited by Stan Skinner, Gun Digest Books, 2006, {{ISBN|0-89689-297-2}} pp. 406, 409</ref>
The '''.700 [[Nitro Express]]''' (17.8×89mmR) is a [[Big game hunting|big-game]] [[rifle]] [[Cartridge (firearms)|cartridge]]. The cartridge is typically charged with around 250 grains of powder, in addition to a two-grain igniter charge (to reduce the tendency of the cartridge to [[hang fire]] from such large powder charges).<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://relgun.com/ld/caliber-171/bl/2662.htm|title=Load 2662 detail in caliber .700 Nitro Express &#124; RelGun. Catalog of shooting results and reloading data}}</ref> The cartridge was introduced in 1988 by the boutique gunmakers [[Holland & Holland]] (H&H) of London. It was developed by Jim Bell and William Feldstein and built by H&H. Feldstein had tried unsuccessfully to get H&H to build a [[.600 Nitro Express]] for him, but they had already ceased production. However, when Bell and Feldstein produced an entirely new .700 Nitro Express cartridge, they were able to attract the interest of H&H, which was looking for a new big-bore cartridge. After production began, the backlog of orders was so great that it continued to 2007 and H&H restarted the production of .600 Nitro Express guns.<ref name="cotw">''Cartridges of the World 11th Edition'', Book by Frank C. Barnes, Edited by Stan Skinner, Gun Digest Books, 2006, {{ISBN|0-89689-297-2}} pp. 406, 409</ref>


==Specifications==
==Specifications==
In many respects, this cartridge parallels the .600 Nitro Express. It is essentially a scaled-up version of that cartridge, but is somewhat more powerful, and fires a heavier 1,000-[[Grain (measure)|grain]] (64.8&nbsp;g) bullet. The case itself is a completely new case, not simply another case resized. [[Double rifle]]s are extremely expensive, starting at about US$10,000 and selling up to US$260,000 in 2015, and have generally been replaced by repeater-rifles using rounds such as the [[.458 Winchester Magnum]].
In many respects, this cartridge parallels the .600 Nitro Express. It is essentially a scaled-up version of that cartridge, but is somewhat more powerful, and fires a heavier 1,000-[[Grain (measure)|grain]] (64.8&nbsp;g) bullet. The case itself is a completely new case, not simply another case resized. [[Double rifle]]s are extremely expensive, starting at about US$10,000 and selling up to US$260,000 in 2015, and have generally been replaced by repeater-rifles using rounds such as the [[.458 Winchester Magnum]].


Single factory loaded .700 Nitro cartridges are available, typically at US$100 each.
Single factory loaded .700 Nitro cartridges are available, typically at US$100 each. There are approximately an estimated 12 to 20 rifles chambered in .700 Nitro Express ever produced according to Rifle Shooter Magazine as per 2010 in that time.


==Ballistics==
==Ballistics==
The .700 Nitro Express develops an approximate average of {{convert|8900|ftlbf|J}} of muzzle energy with a {{convert|1000|gr|abbr=on}} bullet at {{convert|2000|ft/s|m/s|0|abbr=on}}. Handloaders can push the cartridge to generate as much as {{convert|15000|ftlb|J}} of energy in a modern bolt action, by using a {{convert|1000|gr|abbr=on}} bullet fired at {{convert|2600|ft/s|m/s|0|abbr=on}}. However, doing so necessitates a rifle so heavy it is almost inoperable for hunting purposes. Lathe turned cases as used in the Accurate Reloading rifle above will suffer blown primers at this level though a good source of drawn brass would allow (in theory) velocities up to {{convert|2700|ft/s|abbr=on}}.
The .700 Nitro Express develops an approximate average of {{convert|8900|ftlbf|J}} of muzzle energy with a {{convert|1000|gr|abbr=on}} bullet at {{convert|2000|ft/s|m/s|0|abbr=on}}. Handloaders can push the cartridge to generate as much as {{convert|15000|ftlb|J}} of energy in a modern bolt action, by using a {{convert|1000|gr|abbr=on}} bullet fired at {{convert|2600|ft/s|m/s|0|abbr=on}}. However, doing so necessitates a rifle so heavy it is almost inoperable for hunting purposes. Lathe turned cases as used in the Accurate Reloading rifle above will suffer blown primers at this level though a good source of drawn brass would allow (in theory) velocities up to {{convert|2700|ft/s|abbr=on}}.


The typical average muzzle velocity of a factory-loaded cartridge is {{convert|2000|ft/s|m/s|0|abbr=on}}. In the {{convert|18|lb|adj=on}} rifle used by Accurate Reloading this would result in recoil energy of approximately {{convert|160|ftlbf|J|abbr=on}}. This is more than ten times the average recoil from a [[.308 Winchester]] which is a very common hunting caliber, and more than 4 times the recoil of a strong [[.45-70 Government]] round.
The typical average muzzle velocity of a factory-loaded cartridge is {{convert|2000|ft/s|m/s|0|abbr=on}}. In the {{convert|18|lb|adj=on}} rifle used by Accurate Reloading this would result in recoil energy of approximately {{convert|160|ftlbf|J|abbr=on}}. This is more than ten times the average recoil from a [[.308 Winchester]] which is a common hunting calibre, and more than 4 times the recoil of a strong [[.45-70 Government]] round.


[[Image:700 NE Bullet.JPG|300px|thumb|.700 Nitro Express bullet and case with [[.45 ACP]] cartridge (centre) for comparison]]
[[Image:700 NE Bullet.JPG|300px|thumb|.700 Nitro Express bullet and case with [[.45 ACP]] cartridge (centre) for comparison]]


==Comparable calibers==
==Comparable calibers ==
Rifle calibers comparable to the .700 Nitro Express in terms of power and recoil include the following:
Rifle calibres comparable to the .700 Nitro Express in terms of power and recoil include the following:


*[[.458 Winchester Magnum]]
*[[.458 Winchester Magnum]]
Line 90: Line 93:
*[[12.7×108mm]]
*[[12.7×108mm]]
*[[14.5×114mm]]
*[[14.5×114mm]]
*[[.50 BMG]] (One of the most powerful rifle rounds, used in anti-materiel rifles)
*[[.50 BMG]]
*[[20 mm caliber]] (One of the most powerful rifle rounds, used in anti-materiel rifles)
*[[20 mm caliber]]


==See also==
==See also==
* [[List of rifle cartridges]]
* [[List of rifle cartridges]]
* [[Table of handgun and rifle cartridges]]
* [[List of rimmed cartridges]]


==References==
==References==
Line 107: Line 110:
==External links==
==External links==
{{Commons category}}
{{Commons category}}

{{Rimmed cartridges}}


{{DEFAULTSORT:700}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:700}}
[[Category:Pistol and rifle cartridges]]
[[Category:Pistol and rifle cartridges]]
[[Category:British firearm cartridges]]
[[Category:British firearm cartridges]]
[[Category:Rimmed cartridges]]
[[Category:Holland & Holland cartridges]]
[[Category:Holland & Holland cartridges]]

Latest revision as of 18:38, 14 November 2024

.700 Nitro Express
.700 Nitro Express cartridge
TypeBig Game Rifle
Place of originUnited Kingdom
Production history
DesignerJim Bell / William Feldstein
Designed1988
ManufacturerHolland & Holland
Produced1988–present
Specifications
Parent caseN/A
Case typeRimmed, straight[1]
Bullet diameter.700 in (17.8 mm)
Land diameter.688 in (17.5 mm)
Neck diameter.730 in (18.5 mm)
Base diameter.780 in (19.8 mm)
Rim diameter.890 in (22.6 mm)
Rim thickness.086 in (2.2 mm)
Case length3.50 in (89 mm)
Overall length4.20 in (107 mm)
Case capacity316.9 gr H2O (20.53 cm3)
Primer typeBoxer; Magnum Large Rifle
Ballistic performance
Bullet mass/type Velocity Energy
1,000 gr (65 g) SP 2,000 ft/s (610 m/s) 9,000 ft⋅lbf (12,000 J)
Source(s): Kynoch [2]

The .700 Nitro Express (17.8×89mmR) is a big-game rifle cartridge. The cartridge is typically charged with around 250 grains of powder, in addition to a two-grain igniter charge (to reduce the tendency of the cartridge to hang fire from such large powder charges).[3] The cartridge was introduced in 1988 by the boutique gunmakers Holland & Holland (H&H) of London. It was developed by Jim Bell and William Feldstein and built by H&H. Feldstein had tried unsuccessfully to get H&H to build a .600 Nitro Express for him, but they had already ceased production. However, when Bell and Feldstein produced an entirely new .700 Nitro Express cartridge, they were able to attract the interest of H&H, which was looking for a new big-bore cartridge. After production began, the backlog of orders was so great that it continued to 2007 and H&H restarted the production of .600 Nitro Express guns.[4]

Specifications

[edit]

In many respects, this cartridge parallels the .600 Nitro Express. It is essentially a scaled-up version of that cartridge, but is somewhat more powerful, and fires a heavier 1,000-grain (64.8 g) bullet. The case itself is a completely new case, not simply another case resized. Double rifles are extremely expensive, starting at about US$10,000 and selling up to US$260,000 in 2015, and have generally been replaced by repeater-rifles using rounds such as the .458 Winchester Magnum.

Single factory loaded .700 Nitro cartridges are available, typically at US$100 each. There are approximately an estimated 12 to 20 rifles chambered in .700 Nitro Express ever produced according to Rifle Shooter Magazine as per 2010 in that time.

Ballistics

[edit]

The .700 Nitro Express develops an approximate average of 8,900 foot-pounds force (12,100 J) of muzzle energy with a 1,000 gr (65 g) bullet at 2,000 ft/s (610 m/s). Handloaders can push the cartridge to generate as much as 15,000 foot-pounds (20,000 J) of energy in a modern bolt action, by using a 1,000 gr (65 g) bullet fired at 2,600 ft/s (792 m/s). However, doing so necessitates a rifle so heavy it is almost inoperable for hunting purposes. Lathe turned cases as used in the Accurate Reloading rifle above will suffer blown primers at this level though a good source of drawn brass would allow (in theory) velocities up to 2,700 ft/s (820 m/s).

The typical average muzzle velocity of a factory-loaded cartridge is 2,000 ft/s (610 m/s). In the 18-pound (8.2 kg) rifle used by Accurate Reloading this would result in recoil energy of approximately 160 ft⋅lbf (220 J). This is more than ten times the average recoil from a .308 Winchester which is a common hunting calibre, and more than 4 times the recoil of a strong .45-70 Government round.

.700 Nitro Express bullet and case with .45 ACP cartridge (centre) for comparison

Comparable calibers

[edit]

Rifle calibres comparable to the .700 Nitro Express in terms of power and recoil include the following:

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  • Cooper, Jeff. ".700 Nitro Express". Guns&Ammo. Archived from the original on 24 January 2013. Retrieved 7 September 2010.
  1. ^ C.I.P. 700 H&H. Nitro Exp. (online-PDF 33,7 KB)
  2. ^ .700 Nitro Express load from Kynoch
  3. ^ "Load 2662 detail in caliber .700 Nitro Express | RelGun. Catalog of shooting results and reloading data".
  4. ^ Cartridges of the World 11th Edition, Book by Frank C. Barnes, Edited by Stan Skinner, Gun Digest Books, 2006, ISBN 0-89689-297-2 pp. 406, 409
[edit]
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