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{{Short description|Version history of the Linux kernel}}
{{Short description|Version history of the Linux kernel}}
{{broader|History of Linux}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2020}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2020}}
This article documents the version history of the [[Linux kernel]].
{{missing information|features of versions before 2021 and after 2022|date=May 2023}}
{{See also|History of Linux}}
This article documents the '''version history of the Linux kernel'''. The [[Linux kernel]] is a [[free and open-source]], [[monolithic kernel|monolithic]], [[Unix-like]] [[operating system]] [[kernel (operating system)|kernel]]. It was conceived and created in 1991 by [[Linus Torvalds]].<ref>{{cite web|last=Richardson|first=Marjorie|date=1 November 1999|title=Interview: Linus Torvalds|publisher=Linux Journal|url=http://www.linuxjournal.com/article/3655|access-date=20 August 2009}}</ref>


Each major version {{endash}} identified by the first two numbers of a release version {{endash}} is designated one of the following levels of support:
Linux kernels have different support levels depending on the version. Usually, each stable version continues to backport bug fixes from the mainline until the next stable version is released. However, if a stable version has been designated as a [[Long-term support|long-term support (LTS)]] kernel, it will be maintained for an extra few years.<ref name=ACTIVE>{{cite web|url=https://www.kernel.org/category/releases.html|title=Active kernel releases|date=7 February 2023|publisher=Kernel.org|access-date=8 February 2023}}</ref> After that, versions designated as Super-Long-Term Support (SLTS) will then be maintained by the Civil Infrastructure Platform (CIP) for many more years.<ref name = "CIP" />

* Supported until next stable version
* [[Long-term support]] (LTS); maintained for a few years<ref name=ACTIVE>{{cite web|url=https://www.kernel.org/category/releases.html|title=Active kernel releases|date=7 February 2023|publisher=Kernel.org|access-date=22 September 2024}}</ref>
* Super-long-term support (SLTS); maintained for many more years by the Civil Infrastructure Platform (CIP)<ref name = "CIP" />

==Overview==


<div class="panorama" style="overflow-y: hidden; overflow-x: scroll; overflow: auto; width: 100%; max-width: 100%;">
<div class="panorama" style="overflow-y: hidden; overflow-x: scroll; overflow: auto; width: 100%; max-width: 100%;">
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ScaleMajor = gridcolor:Major unit:year increment:1 start:01/01/1991
ScaleMajor = gridcolor:Major unit:year increment:1 start:01/01/1991
ScaleMinor = gridcolor:Minor unit:month increment:3 start:01/01/1991


# hiding bar axis thingies
# hiding bar axis thingies
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at:03/08/2014 text:"3.16" shift:(12,-10) # Last 3.16.85 (LTS)
at:03/08/2014 text:"3.16" shift:(12,-10) # Last 3.16.85 (LTS)
at:11/05/2015 text:"3.19.8" shift:(18,0)
at:11/05/2015 text:"3.19.8" shift:(18,0)
at:11/06/2020 text:"3.16.85" shift:(-20,0)
at:11/06/2020 text:"3.16.85" shift:(20,0)


##################################################
##################################################
Line 544: Line 548:
at:02/10/2022 text:"6.0" shift:(10,-10)
at:02/10/2022 text:"6.0" shift:(10,-10)
at:11/12/2022 text:"6.1" shift:(10,0)
at:11/12/2022 text:"6.1" shift:(10,0)
at:30/10/2023 text:"6.6" shift:(10,0)


##################################################
##################################################
Line 552: Line 557:
at:23/04/2023 # 6.3
at:23/04/2023 # 6.3
at:25/06/2023 # 6.4
at:25/06/2023 # 6.4
at:27/08/2023 # 6.5
at:08/01/2024 # 6.7
at:10/03/2024 # 6.8
at:12/05/2024 # 6.9
at:14/07/2024 # 6.10
at:15/09/2024 # 6.11


TextData =
TextData =
Line 568: Line 579:
Define $now = {{CURRENTDAY2}}/{{CURRENTMONTH}}/{{CURRENTYEAR}}
Define $now = {{CURRENTDAY2}}/{{CURRENTMONTH}}/{{CURRENTYEAR}}


ImageSize = width:960 height:135
ImageSize = width:940 height:290
PlotArea = right:0 left:0 bottom:32 top:24
PlotArea = right:0 left:0 bottom:40 top:24
AlignBars = justify
AlignBars = justify
DateFormat = dd/mm/yyyy
DateFormat = dd/mm/yyyy
Period = from:15/08/2022 till:01/06/2027
Period = from:01/07/2022 till:01/01/2034
TimeAxis = orientation:horizontal
TimeAxis = orientation:horizontal
Legend = left:5 top:17 columnwidth:20
Legend = left:5 top:20 columnwidth:115


Colors =
Colors =
id:Minor value:rgb(0.8,0.8,0.8)
id:Minor value:rgb(0.8,0.8,0.8)
id:Major value:rgb(0.6,0.6,0.6)
id:Major value:rgb(0.6,0.6,0.6)
id:DEV value:rgb(0.8,0.8,0.8) Legend:Development
id:DEV value:rgb(0.8,0.8,0.8) Legend:Development
id:SUPPORT value:rgb(0.6,0.9,0.6) Legend:Supported
id:SUPPORT value:rgb(0.6,0.9,0.6) Legend:Supported
id:LTS value:rgb(0.6,0.8,0.9) Legend:LTS
id:LTS value:rgb(0.6,0.8,0.9) Legend:LTS
id:CIP value:rgb(1,0.7,0.4) Legend:CIP


BackgroundColors = canvas:white
BackgroundColors = canvas:white
Line 592: Line 604:
PlotData =
PlotData =
width:14 textcolor:black shift:(5,-5) anchor:from fontsize:M
width:14 textcolor:black shift:(5,-5) anchor:from fontsize:M

bar:6.13
color:DEV from:01/12/2024 till:$now text:6.13.x
# https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git/refs/tags

bar:6.12
color:DEV from:29/09/2024 till:17/11/2024 text:6.12.x
color:LTS from:17/11/2024 till:31/12/2026
# https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git/refs/tags

bar:6.11
color:DEV from:28/07/2024 till:14/09/2024 text:6.11.x
color:SUPPORT from:15/09/2024 till:05/12/2024
# https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git/refs/tags

bar:6.10
color:DEV from:26/05/2024 till:13/07/2024 text:6.10.x
color:SUPPORT from:14/07/2024 till:10/10/2024
# https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git/refs/tags

bar:6.9
color:DEV from:24/03/2024 till:11/05/2024 text:6.9.x
color:SUPPORT from:12/05/2024 till:27/07/2024
# https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git/refs/tags

bar:6.8
color:DEV from:21/01/2024 till:09/03/2024 text:6.8.x
color:SUPPORT from:10/03/2024 till:30/05/2024
# https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git/refs/tags

bar:6.7
color:DEV from:12/11/2023 till:06/01/2024 text:6.7.x
color:SUPPORT from:07/01/2024 till:03/04/2024
# https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git/refs/tags

bar:6.6
color:DEV from:10/09/2023 till:29/10/2023 text:6.6.x
color:LTS from:30/10/2023 till:31/12/2026
# https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git/refs/tags

bar:6.5
color:DEV from:09/07/2023 till:27/08/2023 text:6.5.x
color:SUPPORT from:27/08/2023 till:28/11/2023
# https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git/refs/tags


bar:6.4
bar:6.4
color:DEV from:07/05/2023 till:25/06/2023 text:6.4.x
color:DEV from:07/05/2023 till:25/06/2023 text:6.4.x
color:SUPPORT from:25/06/2023 till:$now
color:SUPPORT from:25/06/2023 till:13/09/2023
# https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git/refs/tags
# https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git/refs/tags


bar:6.3
bar:6.3
color:DEV from:06/03/2023 till:23/04/2023 text:6.3.x
color:DEV from:06/03/2023 till:23/04/2023 text:6.3.x
color:SUPPORT from:24/04/2023 till:$now
color:SUPPORT from:24/04/2023 till:11/07/2023
# https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git/refs/tags
# https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git/refs/tags


Line 611: Line 667:
color:DEV from:17/10/2022 till:10/01/2023 text:6.1.x
color:DEV from:17/10/2022 till:10/01/2023 text:6.1.x
color:LTS from:11/01/2023 till:31/12/2026
color:LTS from:11/01/2023 till:31/12/2026
color:CIP from:31/12/2026 till:01/08/2033
# https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git/refs/tags

bar:6.0
bar:6.0
color:DEV from:15/08/2022 till:01/10/2022 text:6.0.x
color:DEV from:15/08/2022 till:01/10/2022 text:6.0.x
Line 629: Line 685:
! Prominent features
! Prominent features
! Notes
! Notes
<!-- commenting for 2 weeks until 6.5 rcs
|-
|-
|{{version|p|6.13}}
<!-- Always show latest preview version -- >
|[[To be announced|TBD]]
| {{Version|cp|{{string split|{{wikidata|property|preferred|Q14579|P348|P548=Q1072356}}|"-"}}}}
|{{wikidata|property|preferred|reference|edit|Q14579|P348|P548=Q1072356}}
| {{tba}}
|[[Linus Torvalds]]
| {{wikidata|property|preferred|reference|edit|Q14579|P348|P548=Q1072356}}
|
| [[Linus Torvalds]]
|
|
|
|
| -->
|-
|-
| {{version|c|6.4}}
|{{version|c|6.12}}
|17 November 2024<ref>{{cite web|url=https://lore.kernel.org/linux-kernel/CAHk-=wgtGkHshfvaAe_O2ntnFBH3EprNk1juieLmjcF2HBwBgQ@mail.gmail.com/|author=Linus Torvalds|title=Linux 6.12|date=2024-11-17}}</ref>
|25 June 2023{{r|ACTIVE}}
|{{wikidata|property|preferred|reference|edit|Q14579|P348|P548=Q2804309}}
<!-- Always show latest minor version -->
|[[Linus Torvalds]]
| {{wikidata|property|preferred|reference|edit|Q14579|P348|P548=Q2804309}}
|
|
* [[Real-time operating system|Real-time]] support for x86/x86_64, RISC-V, and ARM64<ref name=":36">{{Cite web |title=Linux 6.12 Features Are Super Exciting With Real-Time, Sched_ext, Intel Xe2 & Raspberry Pi 5 |url=https://www.phoronix.com/review/linux-612-features |access-date=2024-11-22 |website=www.phoronix.com |language=en}}</ref>
* [[User space and kernel space|Userspace]] [[Scheduling (computing)|scheduler]] extensions support<ref>{{Cite web |title=Linux 6.12 Features Are Super Exciting With Real-Time, Sched_ext, Intel Xe2 & Raspberry Pi 5 (page 2) |url=https://www.phoronix.com/review/linux-612-features/2 |access-date=2024-11-22 |website=www.phoronix.com |language=en}}</ref>
* [[QR code|QR codes]] for [[Direct Rendering Manager|DRM]] [[Kernel panic|panic]] messages<ref name=":36" />
| 25th LTS release<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Linux Kernel Archives - Releases |url=https://www.kernel.org/category/releases.html |access-date=2024-12-05 |website=www.kernel.org}}</ref>
|-
| {{Version|o|6.11}}
| 15 September 2024<ref>{{cite web|url=https://lore.kernel.org/linux-kernel/CAHk-=whVpSHw9+4ov=oLevfv8sPYbh59T_9VKif-6Vqkr41jQA@mail.gmail.com/|author=Linus Torvalds|title=Linux 6.11|date=2024-09-15}}</ref>
| 6.11.11{{r|KERNELARCHIVES}}
| [[Linus Torvalds]]
| [[Linus Torvalds]]
|
|
|
|
* [[Atomicity (database systems)|Atomic]] writes support for buffered I/O<ref>{{Cite web |title=The first half of the 6.11 merge window [LWN.net] |url=https://lwn.net/Articles/982034/ |access-date=2024-10-05 |website=lwn.net}}</ref>
* Dedicated bucket [[Slab allocation|slab allocator]] to help protect against [[heap spraying]]<ref name=":34">{{Cite web |title=The rest of the 6.11 merge window [LWN.net] |url=https://lwn.net/Articles/982605/ |access-date=2024-10-05 |website=lwn.net}}</ref>
* [[vDSO]] implementation of [[getrandom]]()<ref name=":34" />
|
|
|-
|-
| {{version|c|6.3}}
| {{Version|o|6.10}}
| 14 July 2024<ref>{{cite web|url=https://lore.kernel.org/linux-kernel/CAHk-=wjV_O2g_K19McjGKrxFxMFDqex+fyGcKc3uac1ft_O2gg@mail.gmail.com/|author=Linus Torvalds|title=Linux 6.10|date=2024-07-14}}</ref>
|23 April 2023{{r|ACTIVE}}
| 6.10.14{{r|KERNELARCHIVES}}
<!-- Always show latest minor version -->
| rowspan="11" |[[Greg Kroah-Hartman]] & Sasha Levin
| 6.3.11{{r|KERNELARCHIVES}}
| 10 October 2024<ref>{{cite web|url=https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/2024101047-unclothed-armadillo-6520@gregkh/|author=Greg Kroah-Hartman|title=Linux 6.10.14|date=2024-10-10|access-date=2024-10-11}}</ref>
| rowspan="4"| [[Greg Kroah-Hartman]]
|
|
* Memory-allocation profiling<ref name=":4">{{Cite web |last=Sneddon |first=Joey |date=2024-07-14 |title=Linux Kernel 6.10 Released with LOTS of Epic Changes |url=https://www.omgubuntu.co.uk/2024/07/linux-kernel-6-10-new-features |access-date=2024-10-03 |website=OMG! Ubuntu |language=en-GB}}</ref>
* Encrypted interactions with [[Trusted Platform Module|trusted platform modules]]<ref name=":4" />
|Named "Baby Opossum Posse"<ref>{{Cite web |title=Linux 6.10-rc1 - kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git - Linux kernel source tree |url=https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/commit/Makefile?h=v6.10-rc3&id=1613e604df0cd359cf2a7fbd9be7a0bcfacfabd0 |access-date=2024-06-16 |website=git.kernel.org}}</ref>
|-
| {{Version|o|6.9}}
| 12 May 2024{{r|ACTIVE}}
| 6.9.10{{r|KERNELARCHIVES}}
| 27 July 2024<ref>{{cite web|url=https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/2024072948-glimmer-glitch-6a95@gregkh/|author=Greg Kroah-Hartman|title=Re: Linux 6.9.12|date=2024-07-29|access-date=2024-07-30}}</ref>
|
* Improved performance for Intel Core Ultra ([[Meteor Lake]])<ref name=":69">{{Cite web|title=Linux 6.9 Features: DM VDO, AMD Preferred Core, Intel FRED & Larger Console Fonts|url=https://www.phoronix.com/review/linux-69-features|access-date=2024-05-15|website=www.phoronix.com|language=en}}</ref>
* Support for AMD P-State Preferred Cores<ref name=":69" />
* Intel FRED (Flexible Return Event Delivery)<ref name=":69" />
* Support for larger console frame-buffer fonts for 4K displays<ref name=":69" />
* Faster boot times for systems with lots of RAM and using HugeTLBs<ref name=":69" />
* DM VDO (Device Mapper Virtual Data Optimizer) mainlined<ref name=":69" />
* Hibernate [[LZ4 (compression algorithm)|LZ4 compression]] support<ref>{{Cite web |title=Linux_6.9 - Linux Kernel Newbies |url=https://kernelnewbies.org/Linux_6.9#Power_Management |access-date=2024-07-19 |website=kernelnewbies.org}}</ref>
|-
| {{Version|o|6.8}}
| 10 March 2024{{r|ACTIVE}}
| 6.8.12{{r|KERNELARCHIVES}}
| 30 May 2024<ref>{{cite web | first = Greg | last = Kroah-Hartman | title = Linux 6.8.12 | url = https://lore.kernel.org/linux-kernel/2024053036-matron-confess-13e0@gregkh/| website = lore.kernel.org | date = 2024-05-30 | access-date = 2024-06-08}}</ref>
|
|
|-
| {{Version|o|6.7}}
| 8 January 2024{{r|ACTIVE}}
| 6.7.12{{r|KERNELARCHIVES}}
| 3 April 2024
|
* Initial [[Bcachefs]] filesystem support<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Linux 6.7 Released With Bcachefs, Intel Meteor Lake In Good Shape & Nouveau GSP Support |url=https://www.phoronix.com/news/Linux-6.7-Released |access-date=2024-01-12 |website=www.phoronix.com |language=en}}</ref>
* [[Itanium]] support removed<ref name=":0" />
* Intel Meteor Lake Graphics declared stable<ref name=":0" />
* Initial [[nouveau (software)|Nouveau]] support for Nvidia GSP firmware<ref name=":0" />
* Ability to disable [[IA-32]] support at boot time on [[AMD64]]<ref name=":3">{{Cite web |title=Linux 6.7 Features Include Bcachefs, Stable Meteor Lake Graphics, NVIDIA GSP & More Next-Gen Hardware |url=https://www.phoronix.com/review/linux-67-features |access-date=2024-01-12 |website=www.phoronix.com |language=en}}</ref>
* Expansion of AMD Seamless Boot Support<ref name=":3" />
* Improvement in loading of x86 microcode<ref name=":3" />
* Support for [[RAID]] stripe tree, simple quota accounting, and temporary FSID added to [[Btrfs]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=Btrfs Picks Up New Features For Linux 6.7 |url=https://www.phoronix.com/news/Btrfs-Linux-6.7-Features |access-date=2024-01-12 |website=www.phoronix.com |language=en}}</ref>
* [[JFS (file system)|JFS]] minor stability improvements<ref name=":3" />
| According to Linus Torvalds, "one of the largest kernel releases we've ever had"<ref name=":0" />
|-
| {{Version|co|6.6}}
| 30 October 2023{{r|ACTIVE}}
| 6.6.68{{r|KERNELARCHIVES}}
|December 2026
|
* The new [[Earliest eligible virtual deadline first scheduling|EEVDF]] process scheduler was merged. It aims to replace the [[Completely Fair Scheduler|CFS]] scheduler.
* Intel [[Shadow stack|Shadow Stack]] was finally merged; Exploiting ROPs is now harder
* Support for Partial SMT
* Performance Improvement for CPUs with a lot of cores and shared Last Level Caches
* Continued Intel Meteor Lake graphics and sound enablement/improvements.
* Better performance for Ext4; IO_uring also seeing cool improvements
* DEFLATE compression support for EROFS.
|24th LTS release
The CFS scheduler was the de facto standard for 16+ years

ReiserFS is now declared to be obsolete and flagged for removal in 2025.

The one last minute change was made to the credits of ReiserFS as requested from the original developer.
|-
| {{version|o|6.5}}
| 27 August 2023{{r|ACTIVE}}
| 6.5.13{{r|KERNELARCHIVES}}
| 28 November 2023<ref>{{cite web | first = Greg | last = Kroah-Hartman | title = Linux 6.5.13 | url = https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/2023112807-usher-penholder-f856@gregkh/| website = lore.kernel.org | date = 2023-11-28 | access-date = 2023-12-05}}</ref>
|
* Initial [[USB4]] v2.0 support<ref name=":35">{{Cite web |title=Linux_6.5 - Linux Kernel Newbies |url=https://kernelnewbies.org/Linux_6.5 |access-date=2024-10-05 |website=kernelnewbies.org}}</ref>
* [[MIDI 2.0]] support<ref name=":35" />
|
|-
| {{version|o|6.4}}
| 25 June 2023{{r|ACTIVE}}
| 6.4.16{{r|KERNELARCHIVES}}
| 13 September 2023<ref>{{cite web | first = Greg | last = Kroah-Hartman | title = Linux 6.4.16 | url = https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/2023091345-prankish-during-e3b4@gregkh/ | website = lore.kernel.org | date = 2023-09-13 | access-date = 2023-09-13}}</ref>
|
* Intel Linear Address Masking<ref>{{Cite web |title=Intel Linear Address Masking "LAM" Merged Into Linux 6.4 |url=https://www.phoronix.com/news/Intel-LAM-Merged-Linux-6.4 |access-date=2024-01-24 |website=www.phoronix.com |language=en}}</ref>
* Partial support for [[Apple M2]]<ref name="6.4">{{Cite web |title=Linux 6.4 Features: Many Intel & AMD Additions, Better Desktop/Laptop Hardware Drivers |url=https://www.phoronix.com/review/linux-64-features |access-date=2024-01-24 |website=www.phoronix.com |language=en}}</ref>
* Autonomous frequency and power control on [[AMD Zen]] architecture CPUs<ref>{{Cite web |title=AMD Guided Autonomous Mode Submitted For Linux 6.4 |url=https://www.phoronix.com/news/AMD-Guided-Auto-Mode-Linux-6.4 |access-date=2024-01-24 |website=www.phoronix.com |language=en}}</ref>
* Support for [[RISC-V]] [[Hibernation (computing)|hibernation]] on future laptops{{r|6.4}}
* Improvements for [[LoongArch]] CPU architecture{{r|6.4}}
* Further Intel Meteor Lake Graphics development{{r|6.4}}
* [[4K resolution]] support for [[Rockchip]] [[Direct Rendering Manager]] driver{{r|6.4}}
* Better [[AMDgpu (Linux kernel module)|AMDgpu]] support for the [[Steam Deck]]{{r|6.4}}
* Optimizations to [[EROFS]], [[Btrfs]], [[F2FS]], [[NTFS]], and [[Ext4]]{{r|6.4}}
* Support for [[Intel HD Audio|Intel Lunar Lake HD Audio]]{{r|6.4}}
* Continued [[Wi-Fi 7]] development{{r|6.4}}
* Quality of life improvements for [[Apple silicon]] users{{r|6.4}}
* Further Rust up-streaming to support the first Rust drivers{{r|6.4}}
* Removal of [[SLOB]] memory allocator{{r|6.4}}
|
|-
| {{version|o|6.3}}
| 23 April 2023{{r|ACTIVE}}
| 6.3.13{{r|KERNELARCHIVES}}
| 11 July 2023<ref>{{cite web | first = Greg | last = Kroah-Hartman | title = Linux 6.3.13 | url = https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/2023071110-clash-nastily-2b70@gregkh/T/ | website = lore.kernel.org | date = 2023-07-11 | access-date = 2023-07-11}}</ref>
|
|
* More Rust in the kernel
* Initial Support for Intel Meteor Lake Display
* Intel Meteor Lake VPUs ("Versatile Processing Unit") support
* AMD Automatic IBRS
* Intel TPMI driver was merged, hopes are this will give more control over power management.
* Big Performance Improvement for EXT4. Nice Improvements for BTRFS too
* IPv4 BIG TCP support, maybe better network performance
* Microsoft Hyper-V nested hypervisor support.
* Faster kernel builds and with lower peak memory use.
* Removed support for the Intel ICC compiler.
|
|
|-
|-
Line 661: Line 831:
| 19 February 2023{{r|ACTIVE}}
| 19 February 2023{{r|ACTIVE}}
| 6.2.16{{r|KERNELARCHIVES}}
| 6.2.16{{r|KERNELARCHIVES}}
| May 2023<ref>{{cite web | first = Greg | last = Kroah-Hartman | title = Linux 6.2.16 | url = https://lore.kernel.org/all/2023051744-drainable-footwear-49bd@gregkh/ | website = lore.kernel.org | date = 2023-05-17 | access-date = 2023-05-17}}</ref>
| 17 May 2023<ref>{{cite web | first = Greg | last = Kroah-Hartman | title = Linux 6.2.16 | url = https://lore.kernel.org/all/2023051744-drainable-footwear-49bd@gregkh/ | website = lore.kernel.org | date = 2023-05-17 | access-date = 2023-05-17}}</ref>
|
|
* Intel Arc drivers are now deemed "stable" and on by default.
| EOL 17 May 2023
* Initial FOSS support for NVIDIA GeForce 30 Series. But performance is poor for now.
* Support for Apple's M1
* Call Depth Tracking as a better performance alternative to IBRS for older Intel CPUs
* Some Power-savings improvements when the system is idle or lightly loaded.
* Support for running Raspberry Pi in 4K@60Hz
* Better performance and scalability for running RAID5/6 in btrfs-like systems
* Even more Rust in the kernel
|
|-
|-
| {{version|co|6.1}}
| {{version|co|6.1}}
| 11 December 2022<ref>{{Cite mailing list |url=https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/CAHk-=wj_HcgFZNyZHTLJ7qC2613zphKDtLh6ndciwopZRfH0aQ@mail.gmail.com/ |title=Linux 6.1 |date=11 December 2022 |mailing-list=LKML |last=Torvalds |first=Linus}}</ref>
| {{dts|format=dmy|2022|12|11}}<ref>{{Cite mailing list|title=Linux 6.1|url=https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/CAHk-=wj_HcgFZNyZHTLJ7qC2613zphKDtLh6ndciwopZRfH0aQ@mail.gmail.com/|date=11 December 2022|mailing-list=[[LKML]]}|last=Torvalds|first=Linus|author-link=Linus Torvalds}}</ref>
| 6.1.37<ref name=KERNELARCHIVES>{{cite web|url=https://www.kernel.org/|title=The Linux Kernel Archives |publisher=Kernel.org|accessdate=3 July 2023}}</ref>
| 6.1.122<ref name=KERNELARCHIVES>{{cite web|url=https://www.kernel.org/|title=The Linux Kernel Archives |publisher=Kernel.org|accessdate=22 September 2024}}</ref>
6.1.106-cip27<ref name=":15">{{Cite web |title=kernel/git/cip/linux-cip.git - Civil Infrastructure Platform stable kernel branches |url=https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/cip/linux-cip.git |access-date=2024-05-18 |website=git.kernel.org}}</ref>
| December 2026{{r|ACTIVE}}
| December 2026{{r|ACTIVE}}
August 2033<ref name="CIP maintenance">{{cite web|title=CIP maintenance|url=https://wiki.linuxfoundation.org/civilinfrastructureplatform/start#kernel_maintainership|access-date=7 September 2023}}</ref>
|
|
* [[Rust for Linux|Support for writing kernel modules in Rust]]<ref>{{Cite web |last=Larabel |first=Michael |date=2022-10-03 |title=The Initial Rust Infrastructure Has Been Merged Into Linux 6.1 |url=https://www.phoronix.com/news/Rust-Is-Merged-Linux-6.1 |access-date=2022-12-13 |website=Phoronix |language=en}}</ref>
* Multi-Gen LRU page reclaiming<ref>{{cite web |title=mm: multi-gen LRU: design doc |url=https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/commit/?id=8be976a0937a |access-date=2023-06-03 |website=git.kernel.org}}</ref> (not yet enabled by default)
* Btrfs performance improvements<ref>{{cite web |title=Linux Kernel 6.1 Released, This is What’s New |url=https://www.omgubuntu.co.uk/2022/12/linux-kernel-6-1-released-new-features |access-date=2023-01-13 |website=omgubuntu.co.uk}}</ref>
* Multi-Gen LRU [[Page replacement algorithm|page reclaiming]]<ref>{{cite web |title=mm: multi-gen LRU: design doc |url=https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/commit/?id=8be976a0937a |access-date=2023-06-03 |website=Kernel.org git repositories |author=Yu Zhao |date=Aug 18, 2022 }}</ref> (not yet enabled by default)
* Btrfs performance improvements<ref>{{cite web |title=Linux Kernel 6.1 Released, This is What's New |url=https://www.omgubuntu.co.uk/2022/12/linux-kernel-6-1-released-new-features |access-date=2023-01-13 |website=OMG! Ubuntu |first1=Joey |last1=Sneddon |date=12 December 2022 }}</ref>
* Support for more sound hardware
* Support for more sound hardware
* Improved support for game controllers<ref>{{cite web |title=Linux kernel 6.1 is out now |url=https://www.gamingonlinux.com/2022/12/linux-kernel-61-is-out-now/ |access-date=2022-12-12 |website=gamingonlinux.com}}</ref>
* Improved support for game controllers<ref>{{cite web |title=Linux kernel 6.1 is out now |url=https://www.gamingonlinux.com/2022/12/linux-kernel-61-is-out-now/ |access-date=2022-12-12 |website=gamingonlinux.com|date=12 December 2022 }}</ref>
| This is the first release to support writing kernel modules in [[Rust (programming language)|Rust]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Larabel |first=Michael |date=2022-10-03 |title=The Initial Rust Infrastructure Has Been Merged Into Linux 6.1 |url=https://www.phoronix.com/news/Rust-Is-Merged-Linux-6.1 |access-date=2022-12-13 |website=Phoronix |language=en}}</ref><br/> 23rd LTS release<br/>Used in Debian 12 "Bookworm"<ref>{{cite web |title=Debian 12 -- Release Notes |url=https://www.debian.org/releases/stable/amd64/release-notes/ch-whats-new.en.html |website=www.debian.org |access-date=20 June 2023}}</ref>
| 23rd LTS release<br/>Used in Debian 12 "Bookworm"<ref>{{cite web |title=Debian 12 -- Release Notes|url=https://www.debian.org/releases/stable/amd64/release-notes/ch-whats-new.en.html|website=www.debian.org |access-date=20 June 2023}}</ref>
4th SLTS release (which CIP<ref>{{cite web |title=Civil Infrastructure Platform |website=Linux Foundation Wiki |url=https://wiki.linuxfoundation.org/civilinfrastructureplatform/start}}</ref> is planning<ref name="CIP maintenance"/> to support until August 2033)

6.1.28 is named Curry Ramen<ref>{{Cite web |title=kernel/git/stable/linux.git - Linux kernel stable tree |url=https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git/commit/?h=v6.1.28 |access-date=2023-09-10 |website=Kernel.org git repositories}}</ref>
|-
|-
| {{Version|o|6.0}}
| {{Version|o|6.0}}
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| January 2023{{r|SIXNINETEEN}}
| January 2023{{r|SIXNINETEEN}}
|
|
* performance improvements on Intel Xeon ‘Ice Lake’, AMD Ryzen ‘Threadripper’, AMD EPYC<ref>{{cite web |title=Linux Kernel 6.0 Released, This is What’s New |url=https://www.omgubuntu.co.uk/2022/10/linux-kernel-6-released-new-features |access-date=2022-10-03 |website=omgubuntu.co.uk}}</ref>
* Performance improvements on Intel Xeon 'Ice Lake', AMD Ryzen 'Threadripper', AMD EPYC<ref>{{cite web |title=Linux Kernel 6.0 Released, This is What's New |url=https://www.omgubuntu.co.uk/2022/10/linux-kernel-6-released-new-features |access-date=2022-10-03 |website=OMG! Ubuntu|date=2 October 2022 }}</ref>
* new hardware support including Intel, AMD, Qualcomm<ref>{{cite web |title=Linux 6.0 Supporting New Intel/AMD Hardware, Performance Improvements & Much More |url=https://www.phoronix.com/review/linux-60-features |access-date=2023-06-03 |website=phoronix.com}}</ref>
* New hardware support including Intel, AMD, Qualcomm<ref>{{cite web |title=Linux 6.0 Supporting New Intel/AMD Hardware, Performance Improvements & Much More |url=https://www.phoronix.com/review/linux-60-features |access-date=2023-06-03 |website=phoronix.com}}</ref>
| Named "Hurr durr {{sic|I'm|a}} ninja sloth"<ref>{{Cite web |title=Makefile - kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git - Linux kernel source tree |url=https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/tree/Makefile?h=v6.0 |access-date=2022-10-05 |website=git.kernel.org}}</ref>
| Named "Hurr durr {{sic|I'm|a}} ninja sloth"<ref>{{Cite web |title=Makefile - kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git - Linux kernel source tree |url=https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/tree/Makefile?h=v6.0 |access-date=2022-10-05 |website=Kernel.org git repositories}}</ref>
|-
|-
| colspan="7" | <small>{{Version|l|show=111110}}</small>
| colspan="7" | <small>{{Version|l|show=111110}}</small>
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Define $now = {{CURRENTDAY2}}/{{CURRENTMONTH}}/{{CURRENTYEAR}}
Define $now = {{CURRENTDAY2}}/{{CURRENTMONTH}}/{{CURRENTYEAR}}


ImageSize = width:960 height:400
ImageSize = width:940 height:410
PlotArea = right:0 left:0 bottom:32 top:24
PlotArea = right:0 left:0 bottom:32 top:24
AlignBars = justify
AlignBars = justify
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bar:5.15
bar:5.15
color:DEV from:12/09/2021 till:31/10/2021 text:5.15.x
color:DEV from:12/09/2021 till:31/10/2021 text:5.15.x
color:LTS from:31/10/2021 till:01/10/2026
color:LTS from:31/10/2021 till:31/12/2026
bar:5.14
bar:5.14
color:DEV from:11/07/2021 till:29/08/2021 text:5.14.x
color:DEV from:11/07/2021 till:29/08/2021 text:5.14.x
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| {{dts|format=dmy|2022|07|31}}<ref>{{cite mailing list|title=Linux 5.19|url=https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/CAHk-=wgrz5BBk=rCz7W28Fj_o02s0Xi0OEQ3H1uQgOdFvHgx0w@mail.gmail.com/|date=31 July 2022|access-date=9 October 2022|last=Torvalds|first=Linus|author-link=Linus Torvalds|mailing-list=[[LKML]]}}</ref>
| {{dts|format=dmy|2022|07|31}}<ref>{{cite mailing list|title=Linux 5.19|url=https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/CAHk-=wgrz5BBk=rCz7W28Fj_o02s0Xi0OEQ3H1uQgOdFvHgx0w@mail.gmail.com/|date=31 July 2022|access-date=9 October 2022|last=Torvalds|first=Linus|author-link=Linus Torvalds|mailing-list=[[LKML]]}}</ref>
|5.19.17<ref name=5.19>{{cite mailing list|title=Linux 5.19.17|url=https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/166659973847148@kroah.com/|date=24 October 2022|access-date=27 October 2022|last=Kroah-Hartman|first=Greg|author-link=Greg Kroah-Hartman|mailing-list=[[LKML]]}}</ref>
|5.19.17<ref name=5.19>{{cite mailing list|title=Linux 5.19.17|url=https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/166659973847148@kroah.com/|date=24 October 2022|access-date=27 October 2022|last=Kroah-Hartman|first=Greg|author-link=Greg Kroah-Hartman|mailing-list=[[LKML]]}}</ref>
| rowspan=5 | Greg Kroah-Hartman & Sasha Levin{{r|ACTIVE}}
| Linus Torvalds
| October 2022{{r|5.19}}
| October 2022{{r|5.19}}
|
|
Line 807: Line 991:
* Armv9 Scalable Matrix Extension support<ref name=":2" />
* Armv9 Scalable Matrix Extension support<ref name=":2" />
* Introduce Intel In-Field Scan driver to run targeted low level diagnostics outside of the CPU's architectural error detection capabilities<ref name=":1" />
* Introduce Intel In-Field Scan driver to run targeted low level diagnostics outside of the CPU's architectural error detection capabilities<ref name=":1" />
* [[a.out]] support removed<ref>{{cite web |title=A way out for a.out [LWN.net] |url=https://lwn.net/Articles/888741/ |website=lwn.net |access-date=5 September 2022}}</ref>
* [[a.out]] support removed<ref>{{cite web |title=Linux 5.19 Finally Removes Obsolete x86 a.out support - Phoronix |url=https://www.phoronix.com/news/Linux-5.19-Drops-x86-a.out |website=www.phoronix.com |access-date=25 August 2024}}</ref>
|
|
|-
|-
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| {{dts|format=dmy|2022|05|22}}<ref>{{cite mailing list|title=Linux 5.18|url=https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/CAHk-=wjiqyoH6qntYvYTjR1F2L-pHtgX9esZMRS13iktCOJ1zA@mail.gmail.com/|date=22 May 2022|access-date=24 May 2022|last=Torvalds|first=Linus|author-link=Linus Torvalds|mailing-list=[[LKML]]}}</ref>
| {{dts|format=dmy|2022|05|22}}<ref>{{cite mailing list|title=Linux 5.18|url=https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/CAHk-=wjiqyoH6qntYvYTjR1F2L-pHtgX9esZMRS13iktCOJ1zA@mail.gmail.com/|date=22 May 2022|access-date=24 May 2022|last=Torvalds|first=Linus|author-link=Linus Torvalds|mailing-list=[[LKML]]}}</ref>
|5.18.19<ref name=5.18>{{cite mailing list|title=Linux 5.18.19|url=https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/166108895535224@kroah.com/|date=21 August 2022|access-date=5 September 2022|last=Kroah-Hartman|first=Greg|author-link=Greg Kroah-Hartman|mailing-list=[[LKML]]}}</ref>
|5.18.19<ref name=5.18>{{cite mailing list|title=Linux 5.18.19|url=https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/166108895535224@kroah.com/|date=21 August 2022|access-date=5 September 2022|last=Kroah-Hartman|first=Greg|author-link=Greg Kroah-Hartman|mailing-list=[[LKML]]}}</ref>
| rowspan=4 | Greg Kroah-Hartman & Sasha Levin{{r|ACTIVE}}
|August 2022{{r|5.18}}
|August 2022{{r|5.18}}
|
|
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* BPF CO-RE support<ref>{{cite web |title=BPF CO-RE reference guide |url=https://nakryiko.com/posts/bpf-core-reference-guide/#the-missing-manual |access-date=2022-07-11 |website=nakryiko.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=A different approach to BPF loops [LWN.net] |url=https://lwn.net/Articles/877062/ |access-date=2022-07-11 |website=lwn.net}}</ref>
* BPF CO-RE support<ref>{{cite web |title=BPF CO-RE reference guide |url=https://nakryiko.com/posts/bpf-core-reference-guide/#the-missing-manual |access-date=2022-07-11 |website=nakryiko.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=A different approach to BPF loops [LWN.net] |url=https://lwn.net/Articles/877062/ |access-date=2022-07-11 |website=lwn.net}}</ref>
* Random number generator improvements<ref>{{cite web |title=Random number generator enhancements for Linux 5.17 and 5.18 |url=https://www.zx2c4.com/projects/linux-rng-5.17-5.18/ |access-date=2022-07-11 |website=www.zx2c4.com}}</ref>
* Random number generator improvements<ref>{{cite web |title=Random number generator enhancements for Linux 5.17 and 5.18 |url=https://www.zx2c4.com/projects/linux-rng-5.17-5.18/ |access-date=2022-07-11 |website=www.zx2c4.com}}</ref>
* New Real-Time Linux Analysis (RTLA) tool<ref>{{cite web |last=Daniel |title=And now Linux has a Real-Time Linux Analysis (RTLA) tool! – Daniel's page |url=https://bristot.me/and-now-linux-has-a-real-time-linux-analysis-rtla-tool/ |access-date=2022-07-11 |language=en-US}}</ref>
* New Real-Time Linux Analysis (RTLA) tool<ref>{{cite web |last=Daniel |title=And now Linux has a Real-Time Linux Analysis (RTLA) tool! – Daniel's page |date=16 January 2022 |url=https://bristot.me/and-now-linux-has-a-real-time-linux-analysis-rtla-tool/ |access-date=2022-07-11 |language=en-US}}</ref>
* Support giving names to anonymous memory<ref>{{cite web |title=Not-so-anonymous virtual memory areas [LWN.net] |url=https://lwn.net/Articles/867818/ |access-date=2022-07-11 |website=lwn.net}}</ref>
* Support giving names to anonymous memory<ref>{{cite web |title=Not-so-anonymous virtual memory areas [LWN.net] |url=https://lwn.net/Articles/867818/ |access-date=2022-07-11 |website=lwn.net}}</ref>
* Mitigate straight-line speculation attacks<ref>{{cite web |title=Blocking straight-line speculation — eventually [LWN.net] |url=https://lwn.net/Articles/877845/ |access-date=2022-07-11 |website=lwn.net}}</ref>
* Mitigate straight-line speculation attacks<ref>{{cite web |title=Blocking straight-line speculation — eventually [LWN.net] |url=https://lwn.net/Articles/877845/ |access-date=2022-07-11 |website=lwn.net}}</ref>
|Used in Ubuntu 22.04 LTS on newer hardware<ref name="jammyRelease">{{citation|date= 21 April 2022|title= Jammy Jellyfish Release Notes|url= https://discourse.ubuntu.com/t/jammy-jellyfish-release-notes/24668|access-date= 22 April 2022|last= Zemczak|first= Łukasz|work= discourse.ubuntu.com|language= en-US|archive-url= https://archive.today/20220422013253/https://discourse.ubuntu.com/t/jammy-jellyfish-release-notes/24668/1|archive-date= 22 April 2022|url-status= live}}</ref>
|Named [[Superb Owl]]<ref>{{cite web|title=kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git - Linux kernel source tree|url=https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/commit/?h=v5.17&id=f443e374ae131c168a065ea1748feac6b2e76613|access-date=2022-03-23|website=git.kernel.org}}</ref>
Named [[Superb Owl]]<ref>{{cite web|title=kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git - Linux kernel source tree|url=https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/commit/?h=v5.17&id=f443e374ae131c168a065ea1748feac6b2e76613|access-date=2022-03-23|website=Kernel.org git repositories}}</ref>
|-
|-
| {{Version|o|5.16}}
| {{Version|o|5.16}}
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| {{Version|co|5.15}}
| {{Version|co|5.15}}
| {{dts|format=dmy|2021|10|31}}<ref>{{cite mailing list |title= Linux 5.15 |url=https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/CAHk-=wjfbfQobW2jygMvgfJXKmzZNB=UTzBrFs2vTEzVpBXA4Q@mail.gmail.com/|date=31 October 2021 |access-date=1 November 2021 |last=Torvalds |first=Linus |author-link=Linus Torvalds |mailing-list=[[LKML]]}}</ref>
| {{dts|format=dmy|2021|10|31}}<ref>{{cite mailing list |title= Linux 5.15 |url=https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/CAHk-=wjfbfQobW2jygMvgfJXKmzZNB=UTzBrFs2vTEzVpBXA4Q@mail.gmail.com/|date=31 October 2021 |access-date=1 November 2021 |last=Torvalds |first=Linus |author-link=Linus Torvalds |mailing-list=[[LKML]]}}</ref>
| 5.15.119{{r|KERNELARCHIVES}}
| 5.15.175{{r|KERNELARCHIVES}}
| October 2026{{r|ACTIVE}}
| December 2026{{r|ACTIVE}}
|
|
* New experimental<ref>{{Cite web |title=Re: [GIT PULL] ntfs3: bugfixes for 6.0 - Linus Torvalds |url=https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/CAHk-=wg53xW_ppC5w_tDvWKn3Q7i-hWmd09KM-O1npQHWoBBGw@mail.gmail.com/ |access-date=2024-03-17 |website=lore.kernel.org}}</ref> NTFS file system implementation
* New NTFS file system implementation
* ksmbd, an in-kernel [[Server Message Block|SMB]] 3 server
* ksmbd, an in-kernel [[Server Message Block|SMB]] 3 server
* Migrate memory pages to persistent memory in lieu of discard<ref>{{cite web |title=Top-tier memory management [LWN.net] |url=https://lwn.net/Articles/857133/ |access-date=2022-07-11 |website=lwn.net}}</ref>
* Migrate memory pages to persistent memory in lieu of discard<ref>{{cite web |title=Top-tier memory management [LWN.net] |url=https://lwn.net/Articles/857133/ |access-date=2022-07-11 |website=lwn.net}}</ref>
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* [[Slackware]] 15,<ref>{{cite web|title=Slackware 15 Release Announcement|url=http://slackware.com/announce/15.0.php|access-date=2022-02-04|website=slackware.com}}</ref>
* [[Slackware]] 15,<ref>{{cite web|title=Slackware 15 Release Announcement|url=http://slackware.com/announce/15.0.php|access-date=2022-02-04|website=slackware.com}}</ref>
* [[Unbreakable Enterprise Kernel|UEK]] 7<ref>{{cite web|title=Release Notes for Unbreakable Enterprise Kernel Release 7|url=https://docs.oracle.com/en/operating-systems/uek/7/relnotes7.0/|access-date=2022-06-30|website=docs.oracle.com}}</ref>
* [[Unbreakable Enterprise Kernel|UEK]] 7<ref>{{cite web|title=Release Notes for Unbreakable Enterprise Kernel Release 7|url=https://docs.oracle.com/en/operating-systems/uek/7/relnotes7.0/|access-date=2022-06-30|website=docs.oracle.com}}</ref>
Named Trick or Treat<ref>{{cite web|title=kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git - Linux kernel source tree|url=https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/commit/?id=8bb7eca972ad531c9b149c0a51ab43a417385813|access-date=2021-11-01|website=git.kernel.org}}</ref>
Named Trick or Treat<ref>{{cite web|title=kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git - Linux kernel source tree|url=https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/commit/?id=8bb7eca972ad531c9b149c0a51ab43a417385813|access-date=2021-11-01|website=Kernel.org git repositories}}</ref>
|-
|-
| {{Version|o|5.14}}
| {{Version|o|5.14}}
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| September 2021{{r|5.13}}
| September 2021{{r|5.13}}
|
|
* Support for [[Zstd]] compressed modules<ref>{{Cite web |title=Linux 5.13 To Allow Zstd Compressed Modules, Zstd Update Pending With Faster Performance |url=https://www.phoronix.com/news/Linux-5.13-Zstd-Modules |access-date=2024-03-13 |website=www.phoronix.com |language=en}}</ref>
* Landlock [[Linux Security Modules|Linux security module]]<ref>{{Cite web |title="Landlock" Lands In Linux 5.13 For Unprivileged Application Sandboxing |url=https://www.phoronix.com/news/Linux-5.13-Landlock-Lands |access-date=2024-10-03 |website=www.phoronix.com |language=en}}</ref>
| Named Opossums on Parade
| Named Opossums on Parade
|-
|-
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| July 2021{{r|5.12}}
| July 2021{{r|5.12}}
|
|
| Named [[February 11–14, 2021 North American storm complex|Frozen Wasteland]]<ref>{{cite web |url=https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/commit/?id=fe07bfda2fb9cdef8a4d4008a409bb02f35f1bd8 |title=kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git - Linux kernel source tree |website=git.kernel.org |date=2021-03-01 |access-date=2021-03-06}}</ref><ref>{{cite mailing list |url=https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/CAHk-=wjUzNbTuRCAv80vyD1dXEEaefdpRi23J+suSaognBoV8A@mail.gmail.com/|title=Linux 5.12-rc1|date=1 March 2021|access-date=6 March 2021|last=Torvalds|first=Linus|author-link=Linus Torvalds|mailing-list=[[LKML]]}}</ref>
| Named [[February 11–14, 2021 North American storm complex|Frozen Wasteland]]<ref>{{cite web |url=https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/commit/?id=fe07bfda2fb9cdef8a4d4008a409bb02f35f1bd8 |title=kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git - Linux kernel source tree |website=Kernel.org git repositories |date=2021-03-01 |access-date=2021-03-06}}</ref><ref>{{cite mailing list |url=https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/CAHk-=wjUzNbTuRCAv80vyD1dXEEaefdpRi23J+suSaognBoV8A@mail.gmail.com/|title=Linux 5.12-rc1|date=1 March 2021|access-date=6 March 2021|last=Torvalds|first=Linus|author-link=Linus Torvalds|mailing-list=[[LKML]]}}</ref>
|-
|-
| {{Version|o|5.11}}
| {{Version|o|5.11}}
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| May 2021{{r|5.11}}
| May 2021{{r|5.11}}
|
|
| Named "💕 [[Valentine's Day]] Edition 💕"<ref>{{cite web |url=https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/commit/?id=f40ddce88593482919761f74910f42f4b84c004b |title=kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git - Linux kernel source tree |website=git.kernel.org |date=2021-02-14 |access-date=2021-02-26}}</ref>
| Named "💕 [[Valentine's Day]] Edition 💕"<ref>{{cite web |url=https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/commit/?id=f40ddce88593482919761f74910f42f4b84c004b |title=kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git - Linux kernel source tree |website=Kernel.org git repositories |date=2021-02-14 |access-date=2021-02-26}}</ref>
|-
|-
| {{Version|co|5.10}}
| {{Version|co|5.10}}
| {{dts|format=dmy|2020|12|13}}<ref>{{cite mailing list|title=Linux 5.10|url=https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/CAHk-=whCKhxNyKn1Arut8xUDKTwp3fWcCj_jbL5dbzkUmo45gQ@mail.gmail.com/|date=13 December 2020|access-date=15 December 2020|first=Linus|last=Torvalds|author-link=Linus Torvalds|mailing-list=[[LKML]]}}</ref>
| {{dts|format=dmy|2020|12|13}}<ref>{{cite mailing list|title=Linux 5.10|url=https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/CAHk-=whCKhxNyKn1Arut8xUDKTwp3fWcCj_jbL5dbzkUmo45gQ@mail.gmail.com/|date=13 December 2020|access-date=15 December 2020|first=Linus|last=Torvalds|author-link=Linus Torvalds|mailing-list=[[LKML]]}}</ref>
| 5.10.186{{r|KERNELARCHIVES}}
| 5.10.232{{r|KERNELARCHIVES}}
5.10.223-cip51<ref name=":15" />
| Greg Kroah-Hartman & Sasha Levin{{r|ACTIVE}}
| Greg Kroah-Hartman & Sasha Levin{{r|ACTIVE}}
| December 2026{{r|ACTIVE}}<ref>{{Cite news|last=Larabel|first=Michael|date=2020-10-26|title=Linux 5.10 Is The Next LTS Kernel|work=Phoronix|url=https://www.phoronix.com/scan.php?page=news_item&px=Linux-5.10-LTS-Kernel|access-date=2020-10-27}}</ref><br />
| December 2026{{r|ACTIVE}}<ref>{{Cite news|last=Larabel|first=Michael|date=2020-10-26|title=Linux 5.10 Is The Next LTS Kernel|work=Phoronix|url=https://www.phoronix.com/scan.php?page=news_item&px=Linux-5.10-LTS-Kernel|access-date=2020-10-27}}</ref><br />
January 2031<ref name="CIP maintenance">{{cite web|title=CIP maintenance|url=https://wiki.linuxfoundation.org/civilinfrastructureplatform/start#kernel_maintainership|access-date=11 June 2023}}</ref>
January 2031<ref name="CIP maintenance" />
|
|
| 21st LTS release; used in [[Debian]] 11 "Bullseye"<ref>{{cite web |title=Bullseye kernel will be Linux 5.10 LTS |website=Debian Wiki |url=https://wiki.debian.org/DebianBullseye}}</ref>
| 21st LTS release; used in [[Debian]] 11 "Bullseye"<ref>{{cite web |title=Bullseye kernel will be Linux 5.10 LTS |website=Debian Wiki |url=https://wiki.debian.org/DebianBullseye}}</ref>
3rd SLTS release (which CIP<ref>{{cite web |title=Civil Infrastructure Platform |website=Linux Foundation Wiki |url=https://wiki.linuxfoundation.org/civilinfrastructureplatform/start}}</ref> is planning<ref name="CIP maintenance"/> to support until January 2031);
3rd SLTS release (which CIP<ref>{{cite web |title=Civil Infrastructure Platform |website=Linux Foundation Wiki |url=https://wiki.linuxfoundation.org/civilinfrastructureplatform/start}}</ref> is planning<ref name="CIP maintenance"/> to support until January 2031)

5.10.19 is named Dare mighty things<ref>{{cite web |url=https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git/commit/?h=linux-5.10.y&id=7b43ec8a0cc6fefdd63a1443edef0d2693ff99a2 |title=kernel/git/stable/linux.git - Linux kernel stable tree |website=git.kernel.org |date=2021-02-26 |access-date=2021-12-17}}</ref>
Named "Dare mighty things"<ref>{{cite web |url=https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git/commit/?h=linux-5.10.y&id=7b43ec8a0cc6fefdd63a1443edef0d2693ff99a2 |title=kernel/git/stable/linux.git - Linux kernel stable tree |website=Kernel.org git repositories |date=2021-02-26 |access-date=2021-12-17}}</ref>
|-
|-
| {{Version|o|5.9}}
| {{Version|o|5.9}}
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| June 2020{{r|5.6}}
| June 2020{{r|5.6}}
|
|
* Initial [[USB4]] support<ref name=":33">{{Cite web |title=The Best Features Of The Linux 5.6 Kernel From WireGuard To Y2038 Compatibility To USB4 |url=https://www.phoronix.com/news/Linux-5.6-The-Best-Features |access-date=2024-10-03 |website=www.phoronix.com |language=en}}</ref>
* [[Year 2038 problem|Year 2038]] fix for 32-bit systems<ref name=":33" />
* [[WireGuard]]
|
|
|-
|-
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| {{Version|co|5.4}}
| {{Version|co|5.4}}
| | {{dts|format=dmy|2019|11|24}}<ref>{{cite mailing list |title=Linux 5.4 |url=https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/CAHk-=wjmzaD=BZ1hjUYu+RTnSGDLfCRwCdg99GeQpCjEwo9uzw@mail.gmail.com/ |date=24 November 2019 |access-date=25 September 2019 |last=Torvalds |first=Linus |author-link=Linus Torvalds |mailing-list=[[LKML]]}}</ref>
| | {{dts|format=dmy|2019|11|24}}<ref>{{cite mailing list |title=Linux 5.4 |url=https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/CAHk-=wjmzaD=BZ1hjUYu+RTnSGDLfCRwCdg99GeQpCjEwo9uzw@mail.gmail.com/ |date=24 November 2019 |access-date=25 September 2019 |last=Torvalds |first=Linus |author-link=Linus Torvalds |mailing-list=[[LKML]]}}</ref>
| 5.4.249{{r|KERNELARCHIVES}}
| 5.4.288{{r|KERNELARCHIVES}}
| Greg Kroah-Hartman & Sasha Levin{{r|ACTIVE}}
| Greg Kroah-Hartman & Sasha Levin{{r|ACTIVE}}
| December 2025{{r|ACTIVE}}
| December 2025{{r|ACTIVE}}
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| October 2019{{r|5.2}}
| October 2019{{r|5.2}}
|
|
| 5.2-rc2 is named [[Finland men's national ice hockey team|Golden Lions]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/commit/?id=cd6c84d8f0cdc911df435bb075ba22ce3c605b07|title=kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git - Linux kernel source tree|website=git.kernel.org|date=2019-05-26|access-date=2019-05-27}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.phoronix.com/scan.php?page=news_item&px=Linux-5.2-rc2-Released|title=Linux 5.2-rc2 Kernel Released As The "Golden Lions"|website=Phoronix|date=2019-05-26|access-date=2019-10-27}}</ref><br />
| 5.2-rc2 is named [[Finland men's national ice hockey team|Golden Lions]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/commit/?id=cd6c84d8f0cdc911df435bb075ba22ce3c605b07|title=kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git - Linux kernel source tree|website=Kernel.org git repositories|date=2019-05-26|access-date=2019-05-27}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.phoronix.com/scan.php?page=news_item&px=Linux-5.2-rc2-Released|title=Linux 5.2-rc2 Kernel Released As The "Golden Lions"|website=Phoronix|date=2019-05-26|access-date=2019-10-27}}</ref><br />
5.2 is named [[Bobtail Squid]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/commit/?id=0ecfebd2b52404ae0c54a878c872bb93363ada36|title=kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git - Linux kernel source tree|website=git.kernel.org|date=2019-07-07|access-date=2019-07-07}}</ref>
5.2 is named [[Bobtail Squid]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/commit/?id=0ecfebd2b52404ae0c54a878c872bb93363ada36|title=kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git - Linux kernel source tree|website=Kernel.org git repositories|date=2019-07-07|access-date=2019-07-07}}</ref>
|-
|-
| {{Version|o|5.1}}
| {{Version|o|5.1}}
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| July 2019{{r|5.1}}
| July 2019{{r|5.1}}
|
|
* io_uring API, a new way to do [[asynchronous I/O]] (AIO),<ref>{{Cite web |title=The rapid growth of io_uring [LWN.net] |url=https://lwn.net/Articles/810414/ |access-date=2022-10-18 |website=lwn.net}}</ref> the older API/interface "aio" had problems and performance issues.
* [[io_uring]] API, a new way to do [[asynchronous I/O]] (AIO),<ref>{{Cite web |title=The rapid growth of io_uring [LWN.net] |url=https://lwn.net/Articles/810414/ |access-date=2022-10-18 |website=lwn.net}}</ref> the older API/interface "aio" had problems and performance issues.
|
|
|-
|-
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! Maintainer
! Maintainer
! {{abbr|EOL|End of Life}}
! {{abbr|EOL|End of Life}}
!Prominent features
! Notes
! Notes
|-
|-
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| Greg Kroah-Hartman
| Greg Kroah-Hartman
| March 2019<ref name="latest 4.20" />
| March 2019<ref name="latest 4.20" />
|
| Named Shy [[Crocodile]]<ref name="kernel-name_shy-crocodile">{{cite web|date=2018-11-25|title=kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git - Linux kernel source tree|url=https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/commit/?id=2e6e902d185027f8e3cb8b7305238f7e35d6a436|access-date=2018-11-26|website=git.kernel.org}}</ref>
| Named Shy [[Crocodile]]<ref name="kernel-name_shy-crocodile">{{cite web|date=2018-11-25|title=kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git - Linux kernel source tree|url=https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/commit/?id=2e6e902d185027f8e3cb8b7305238f7e35d6a436|access-date=2018-11-26|website=Kernel.org git repositories}}</ref>
|-
|-
| {{Version|co|4.19}}
| {{Version|co|4.19}}
| | {{dts|format=dmy|2018|10|22}}<ref>{{cite mailing list |title=Linux 4.19 |url=http://lkml.iu.edu/hypermail/linux/kernel/1810.2/05220.html |date=22 October 2018 |access-date=22 October 2018 |last=Kroah-Hartman |first=Greg |author-link=Greg Kroah-Hartman |mailing-list=[[LKML]]}}</ref>
| | {{dts|format=dmy|2018|10|22}}<ref>{{cite mailing list |title=Linux 4.19 |url=http://lkml.iu.edu/hypermail/linux/kernel/1810.2/05220.html |date=22 October 2018 |access-date=22 October 2018 |last=Kroah-Hartman |first=Greg |author-link=Greg Kroah-Hartman |mailing-list=[[LKML]]}}</ref>
| 4.19.288{{r|KERNELARCHIVES}}
| 4.19.325{{r|KERNELARCHIVES}}
4.19.320-cip112<ref name=":15" />
| Greg Kroah-Hartman & Sasha Levin{{r|ACTIVE}}
| Greg Kroah-Hartman & Sasha Levin{{r|ACTIVE}}
| December 2024{{r|ACTIVE}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://news.softpedia.com/news/it-s-official-linux-kernel-4-19-will-be-the-next-lts-long-term-support-series-522452.shtml|title=It's Official: Linux Kernel 4.19 Will Be the Next LTS (Long-Term Support) Series|last=Nestor|first=Marius|date=5 September 2018|website=Softpedia|access-date=6 September 2018}}</ref><br />
| December 2024{{r|ACTIVE}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://news.softpedia.com/news/it-s-official-linux-kernel-4-19-will-be-the-next-lts-long-term-support-series-522452.shtml|title=It's Official: Linux Kernel 4.19 Will Be the Next LTS (Long-Term Support) Series|last=Nestor|first=Marius|date=5 September 2018|website=Softpedia|access-date=6 September 2018}}</ref><br />
January 2029<ref name="CIP maintenance"/>
January 2029<ref name="CIP maintenance"/>
|
| 19th LTS release. Used in [[Debian]] 10 "Buster".<ref>{{cite web |title=Buster kernel will be Linux 4.19 LTS |website=Debian Wiki |url=https://wiki.debian.org/DebianBuster}}</ref> Second SLTS release (which CIP is planning<ref name="CIP maintenance"/> to support until January 2029), and first with ARM64 support.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.linuxfoundation.org/press-release/2019/02/civil-infrastructure-platform-announces-new-super-long-term-support-kernel-that-advances-automation-machine-learning-and-artificial-intelligence/|title=Civil Infrastructure Platform Announces New Super Long Term Support Kernel that Advances Automation, Machine Learning and Artificial Intelligence|publisher=The Linux Foundation|first=Maemalynn|last=Meanor|date=25 February 2019|access-date=13 November 2019|archive-date=13 August 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200813123546/https://www.linuxfoundation.org/press-release/2019/02/civil-infrastructure-platform-announces-new-super-long-term-support-kernel-that-advances-automation-machine-learning-and-artificial-intelligence/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Named "People's Front"<ref>{{cite web|url=https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/commit/?id=84df9525b0c27f3ebc2ebb1864fa62a97fdedb7d|title=kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git - Linux kernel source tree|website=git.kernel.org|date=2018-10-22|access-date=2018-10-22}}</ref>
| 19th LTS release. Used in [[Debian]] 10 "Buster".<ref>{{cite web |title=Buster kernel will be Linux 4.19 LTS |website=Debian Wiki |url=https://wiki.debian.org/DebianBuster}}</ref> Second SLTS release (which CIP is planning<ref name="CIP maintenance"/> to support until January 2029), and first with ARM64 support.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.linuxfoundation.org/press-release/2019/02/civil-infrastructure-platform-announces-new-super-long-term-support-kernel-that-advances-automation-machine-learning-and-artificial-intelligence/|title=Civil Infrastructure Platform Announces New Super Long Term Support Kernel that Advances Automation, Machine Learning and Artificial Intelligence|publisher=The Linux Foundation|first=Maemalynn|last=Meanor|date=25 February 2019|access-date=13 November 2019|archive-date=13 August 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200813123546/https://www.linuxfoundation.org/press-release/2019/02/civil-infrastructure-platform-announces-new-super-long-term-support-kernel-that-advances-automation-machine-learning-and-artificial-intelligence/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Named "People's Front"<ref>{{cite web|url=https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/commit/?id=84df9525b0c27f3ebc2ebb1864fa62a97fdedb7d|title=kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git - Linux kernel source tree|website=Kernel.org git repositories|date=2018-10-22|access-date=2018-10-22}}</ref>
|-
|-
| {{Version|o|4.18}}
| {{Version|o|4.18}}
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| rowspan=4 | Greg Kroah-Hartman
| rowspan=4 | Greg Kroah-Hartman
| November 2018<ref name="latest 4.18" />
| November 2018<ref name="latest 4.18" />
|
| RHEL 8.x (Redhat ignores LTS-Kernel, own kernel-backports)
| RHEL 8.x (Redhat ignores LTS-Kernel, own kernel-backports)
|-
|-
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| 4.17.19<ref name="latest 4.17">{{cite mailing list |title=Linux 4.17.19 |url=http://lkml.iu.edu/hypermail/linux/kernel/1808.3/00244.html |date=24 August 2018 |access-date=27 August 2018 |last=Kroah-Hartman |first=Greg |author-link=Greg Kroah-Hartman |mailing-list=[[LKML]]}}</ref>
| 4.17.19<ref name="latest 4.17">{{cite mailing list |title=Linux 4.17.19 |url=http://lkml.iu.edu/hypermail/linux/kernel/1808.3/00244.html |date=24 August 2018 |access-date=27 August 2018 |last=Kroah-Hartman |first=Greg |author-link=Greg Kroah-Hartman |mailing-list=[[LKML]]}}</ref>
| August 2018<ref name="latest 4.17" />
| August 2018<ref name="latest 4.17" />
|
| Named Merciless [[Moray eel|Moray]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/commit/?id=75bc37fefc4471e718ba8e651aa74673d4e0a9eb|title=kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git - Linux kernel source tree|website=git.kernel.org|date=2018-05-06|access-date=2018-05-07}}</ref>
| Named Merciless [[Moray eel|Moray]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/commit/?id=75bc37fefc4471e718ba8e651aa74673d4e0a9eb|title=kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git - Linux kernel source tree|website=Kernel.org git repositories|date=2018-05-06|access-date=2018-05-07}}</ref>
|-
|-
| {{Version|o|4.16}}
| {{Version|o|4.16}}
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| 4.16.18<ref name="latest 4.16">{{cite mailing list |title=Linux 4.16.18 |url=http://lkml.iu.edu/hypermail/linux/kernel/1806.3/01553.html |date=25 June 2018 |access-date=27 June 2018 |last=Kroah-Hartman |first=Greg |author-link=Greg Kroah-Hartman |mailing-list=[[LKML]]}}</ref>
| 4.16.18<ref name="latest 4.16">{{cite mailing list |title=Linux 4.16.18 |url=http://lkml.iu.edu/hypermail/linux/kernel/1806.3/01553.html |date=25 June 2018 |access-date=27 June 2018 |last=Kroah-Hartman |first=Greg |author-link=Greg Kroah-Hartman |mailing-list=[[LKML]]}}</ref>
| June 2018<ref name="latest 4.16" />
| June 2018<ref name="latest 4.16" />
|
|
|
|-
|-
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| 4.15.18<ref name="latest 4.15">{{cite mailing list |title=Linux 4.15.18 |url=http://lkml.iu.edu/hypermail/linux/kernel/1804.2/03399.html |date=19 April 2018 |access-date=24 April 2018 |last=Kroah-Hartman |first=Greg |author-link=Greg Kroah-Hartman |mailing-list=[[LKML]]}}</ref>
| 4.15.18<ref name="latest 4.15">{{cite mailing list |title=Linux 4.15.18 |url=http://lkml.iu.edu/hypermail/linux/kernel/1804.2/03399.html |date=19 April 2018 |access-date=24 April 2018 |last=Kroah-Hartman |first=Greg |author-link=Greg Kroah-Hartman |mailing-list=[[LKML]]}}</ref>
| April 2018<ref name="latest 4.15" />
| April 2018<ref name="latest 4.15" />
|
|Used in [[Ubuntu 18.04|Ubuntu 18.04 LTS]]
|Used in [[Ubuntu 18.04|Ubuntu 18.04 LTS]]
|-
|-
| {{Version|co|4.14}}
| {{Version|o|4.14}}
| {{dts|format=dmy|2017|11|12}}<ref>{{cite mailing list |url=http://lkml.iu.edu/hypermail/linux/kernel/1711.1/03305.html |title=Linux 4.14 |last=Torvalds |first=Linus|author-link=Linus Torvalds |date=12 November 2017 |mailing-list=[[LKML]] |access-date=22 November 2017}}</ref>
| {{dts|format=dmy|2017|11|12}}<ref>{{cite mailing list |url=http://lkml.iu.edu/hypermail/linux/kernel/1711.1/03305.html |title=Linux 4.14 |last=Torvalds |first=Linus|author-link=Linus Torvalds |date=12 November 2017 |mailing-list=[[LKML]] |access-date=22 November 2017}}</ref>
| 4.14.336<ref name=414EOL>{{cite mailing list |url=https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/2024011046-ecology-tiptoeing-ce50@gregkh/ |title=Linux 4.14.336 |last=Kroah-Hartman |first=Greg|author-link=Greg Kroah-Hartman |date=10 January 2024 |mailing-list=[[LKML]] |access-date=10 January 2024}}</ref>
| 4.14.320{{r|KERNELARCHIVES}}
| Greg Kroah-Hartman & Sasha Levin{{r|ACTIVE}}
| Greg Kroah-Hartman & Sasha Levin{{r|ACTIVE}}
| January 2024{{r|414EOL}}
| January 2024{{r|ACTIVE}}<ref>{{cite web |title=Linux 4.14 Will Be The Next LTS Kernel Branch (Confirmed) |website=Fossbytes|date=7 September 2017|url=https://fossbytes.com/linux-4-14-next-lts-kernel/}}</ref>
|
* [[Zstd]] compression for Btrfs and Squashfs<ref>{{Cite web |title=Zstd Compression For Btrfs & Squashfs Set For Linux 4.14, Already Used Within Facebook |url=https://www.phoronix.com/news/Linux-4.14-Zstd-Pull |access-date=2024-04-25 |website=www.phoronix.com |language=en}}</ref>
| 18th LTS release
| 18th LTS release
4.14.1 is named Petit Gorille<ref>{{cite web |url=https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git/commit/Makefile?h=linux-4.14.y&id=780a781dd6f1af9dfac15b8eeba1cb678c9fc380 |title=kernel/git/stable/linux.git - Linux kernel stable tree |website=git.kernel.org |date=2017-11-21 |access-date=2021-12-17}}</ref>
4.14.1 is named Petit Gorille<ref>{{cite web |url=https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git/commit/Makefile?h=linux-4.14.y&id=780a781dd6f1af9dfac15b8eeba1cb678c9fc380 |title=kernel/git/stable/linux.git - Linux kernel stable tree |website=Kernel.org git repositories |date=2017-11-21 |access-date=2021-12-17}}</ref>
|-
|-
| {{Version|o|4.13}}
| {{Version|o|4.13}}
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| rowspan=4 | Greg Kroah-Hartman
| rowspan=4 | Greg Kroah-Hartman
| November 2017<ref name="latest 4.13" />
| November 2017<ref name="latest 4.13" />
|
|
|
|-
|-
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| 4.12.14<ref name="latest 4.12">{{cite mailing list |url=http://lkml.iu.edu/hypermail/linux/kernel/1709.2/02589.html |title=Linux 4.12.14 |last=Kroah-Hartman |first=Greg |author-link=Greg Kroah-Hartman |date=20 September 2017 |mailing-list=[[LKML]] |access-date=20 September 2017}}</ref>
| 4.12.14<ref name="latest 4.12">{{cite mailing list |url=http://lkml.iu.edu/hypermail/linux/kernel/1709.2/02589.html |title=Linux 4.12.14 |last=Kroah-Hartman |first=Greg |author-link=Greg Kroah-Hartman |date=20 September 2017 |mailing-list=[[LKML]] |access-date=20 September 2017}}</ref>
| September 2017<ref name="latest 4.12" />
| September 2017<ref name="latest 4.12" />
|
* [[Budget Fair Queueing|BFQ]] I/O scheduler<ref name=":23">{{Cite web |title=Linux_4.12 - Linux Kernel Newbies |url=https://kernelnewbies.org/Linux_4.12 |access-date=2024-05-24 |website=kernelnewbies.org}}</ref>
* [[Kyber (scheduler)|Kyber]] I/O scheduler<ref name=":23" />
* [[USB-C]] support<ref name=":23" />
|
|
|-
|-
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| 4.11.12<ref name="latest 4.11">{{cite mailing list |url=http://lkml.iu.edu/hypermail/linux/kernel/1707.2/05562.html |title=Linux 4.11.12 |last=Kroah-Hartman |first=Greg |author-link=Greg Kroah-Hartman |date=21 July 2017 |mailing-list=[[LKML]] |access-date=21 July 2017}}</ref>
| 4.11.12<ref name="latest 4.11">{{cite mailing list |url=http://lkml.iu.edu/hypermail/linux/kernel/1707.2/05562.html |title=Linux 4.11.12 |last=Kroah-Hartman |first=Greg |author-link=Greg Kroah-Hartman |date=21 July 2017 |mailing-list=[[LKML]] |access-date=21 July 2017}}</ref>
| July 2017<ref name="latest 4.11" />
| July 2017<ref name="latest 4.11" />
|
|
|
|-
|-
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| 4.10.17<ref name="latest 4.10">{{cite mailing list |url=https://lkml.org/lkml/2017/5/20/64 |title=Linux 4.10.17 |last=Kroah-Hartman |first=Greg |author-link=Greg Kroah-Hartman |date=20 May 2017 |mailing-list=[[LKML]] |access-date=22 May 2017}}</ref>
| 4.10.17<ref name="latest 4.10">{{cite mailing list |url=https://lkml.org/lkml/2017/5/20/64 |title=Linux 4.10.17 |last=Kroah-Hartman |first=Greg |author-link=Greg Kroah-Hartman |date=20 May 2017 |mailing-list=[[LKML]] |access-date=22 May 2017}}</ref>
| May 2017<ref name="latest 4.10" />
| May 2017<ref name="latest 4.10" />
|
| 4.10-rc5 was named Anniversary Edition<ref>{{cite web|url=https://git.kernel.org/cgit/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/commit/?id=7a308bb3016f57e5be11a677d15b821536419d36|title=kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git - Linux kernel source tree|website=git.kernel.org|date=2017-01-22|access-date=2017-01-24}}</ref><br />
| 4.10-rc5 was named Anniversary Edition<ref>{{cite web|url=https://git.kernel.org/cgit/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/commit/?id=7a308bb3016f57e5be11a677d15b821536419d36|title=kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git - Linux kernel source tree|website=Kernel.org git repositories|date=2017-01-22|access-date=2017-01-24}}</ref><br />
4.10-rc6 was named Fearless [[Coyote]]<ref>{{cite web|title=Kernel release status|url=https://lwn.net/Articles/713279/|website=LWN.net|date=2017-02-01|access-date=2 February 2017}}</ref>
4.10-rc6 was named Fearless [[Coyote]]<ref>{{cite web|title=Kernel release status|url=https://lwn.net/Articles/713279/|website=LWN.net|date=2017-02-01|access-date=2 February 2017}}</ref>
|-
|-
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| Greg Kroah-Hartman & Sasha Levin{{r|ACTIVE}}
| Greg Kroah-Hartman & Sasha Levin{{r|ACTIVE}}
| January 2023{{r|ACTIVE}}<ref>{{cite mailing list |url=https://lkml.org/lkml/2017/1/19/339 |title=[PATCH] 4.9 is a longterm kernel |last=Kroah-Hartman |first=Greg |author-link=Greg Kroah-Hartman |date=19 January 2017 |mailing-list=[[LKML]] |access-date=23 January 2017}}</ref>
| January 2023{{r|ACTIVE}}<ref>{{cite mailing list |url=https://lkml.org/lkml/2017/1/19/339 |title=[PATCH] 4.9 is a longterm kernel |last=Kroah-Hartman |first=Greg |author-link=Greg Kroah-Hartman |date=19 January 2017 |mailing-list=[[LKML]] |access-date=23 January 2017}}</ref>
|
| 17th LTS release. Used in [[Debian]] 9 "Stretch".<ref>{{cite web|title=Stretch kernel will be Linux 4.9 LTS|website=Debian Wiki|url=https://wiki.debian.org/DebianStretch}}</ref> Named Roaring [[Linus Torvalds|Lionus]]<ref>{{cite web|title=The 4.9 kernel has been released|url=https://lwn.net/Articles/708765/|website=LWN.net|access-date=12 December 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Linus Torvalds|url=https://plus.google.com/u/0/+LinusTorvalds/posts/BXFdMkUECrx|website=Google+|access-date=12 December 2016}}</ref>
| 17th LTS release. Used in [[Debian]] 9 "Stretch".<ref>{{cite web|title=Stretch kernel will be Linux 4.9 LTS|website=Debian Wiki|url=https://wiki.debian.org/DebianStretch}}</ref> Named Roaring [[Linus Torvalds|Lionus]]<ref>{{cite web|title=The 4.9 kernel has been released|url=https://lwn.net/Articles/708765/|website=LWN.net|access-date=12 December 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Linus Torvalds|url=https://plus.google.com/u/0/+LinusTorvalds/posts/BXFdMkUECrx|website=Google+|access-date=12 December 2016}}</ref>
|-
|-
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| rowspan=4 | Greg Kroah-Hartman
| rowspan=4 | Greg Kroah-Hartman
| January 2017<ref name="latest 4.8" />
| January 2017<ref name="latest 4.8" />
|
|
|
|-
|-
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| 4.7.10<ref name="latest 4.7">{{cite mailing list |url=https://lkml.org/lkml/2016/10/22/112 |title=Linux 4.7.10 |last=Kroah-Hartman |first=Greg |author-link=Greg Kroah-Hartman |date=22 October 2016 |mailing-list=[[LKML]] |access-date=24 October 2016}}</ref>
| 4.7.10<ref name="latest 4.7">{{cite mailing list |url=https://lkml.org/lkml/2016/10/22/112 |title=Linux 4.7.10 |last=Kroah-Hartman |first=Greg |author-link=Greg Kroah-Hartman |date=22 October 2016 |mailing-list=[[LKML]] |access-date=24 October 2016}}</ref>
| October 2016<ref name="latest 4.7" />
| October 2016<ref name="latest 4.7" />
|
* Schedutil [[Governor (CPU)|governor]]<ref name=":28">{{Cite web |title=CPUFreq's New Scaling Governor Is Coming For Linux 4.7 |url=https://www.phoronix.com/news/CPUFreq-New-Governor-Linux-4.7 |access-date=2024-06-21 |website=www.phoronix.com |language=en}}</ref>
* Async [[Trim (computing)|discard]] support<ref>{{Cite web |title=EFI Bootloader Control Driver, Core EFI Capsule Ready For Linux 4.7 |url=https://www.phoronix.com/news/Linux-4.7-EFI-Changes |access-date=2024-10-05 |website=www.phoronix.com |language=en}}</ref>
* [[UEFI|EFI]] [[bootloader]] control driver<ref>{{Cite web |title=Async Discard Support Comes For Linux 4.7 |url=https://www.phoronix.com/news/Async-Discard-Linux-4.7 |access-date=2024-10-05 |website=www.phoronix.com |language=en}}</ref>
| Named [[Psychosis|Psychotic]] [[Substance intoxication|Stoned]] [[Sheep]]<ref>{{cite web
| Named [[Psychosis|Psychotic]] [[Substance intoxication|Stoned]] [[Sheep]]<ref>{{cite web
| url = https://git.kernel.org/cgit/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/commit/?id=1a695a905c18548062509178b98bc91e67510864
| url = https://git.kernel.org/cgit/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/commit/?id=1a695a905c18548062509178b98bc91e67510864
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| 4.6.7<ref name="latest 4.6">{{cite mailing list |url=https://lkml.org/lkml/2016/8/16/682 |title=Linux 4.6.7 |last=Kroah-Hartman |first=Greg |author-link=Greg Kroah-Hartman |date=16 August 2016 |mailing-list=[[LKML]] |access-date=22 August 2016}}</ref>
| 4.6.7<ref name="latest 4.6">{{cite mailing list |url=https://lkml.org/lkml/2016/8/16/682 |title=Linux 4.6.7 |last=Kroah-Hartman |first=Greg |author-link=Greg Kroah-Hartman |date=16 August 2016 |mailing-list=[[LKML]] |access-date=22 August 2016}}</ref>
| August 2016<ref name="latest 4.6" />
| August 2016<ref name="latest 4.6" />
|
| Named Charred [[Weasel]]<ref>{{cite web
| Named Charred [[Weasel]]<ref>{{cite web
| url = https://git.kernel.org/cgit/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/commit/?id=04974df8049fc4240d22759a91e035082ccd18b4
| url = https://git.kernel.org/cgit/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/commit/?id=04974df8049fc4240d22759a91e035082ccd18b4
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| 4.5.7<ref name="latest 4.5">{{cite mailing list |url=http://www.mail-archive.com/linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org/msg1161793.html |title=Linux 4.5.7 |last=Kroah-Hartman |first=Greg |author-link=Greg Kroah-Hartman |date=7 June 2016 |mailing-list=[[LKML]] |access-date=8 June 2016}}</ref>
| 4.5.7<ref name="latest 4.5">{{cite mailing list |url=http://www.mail-archive.com/linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org/msg1161793.html |title=Linux 4.5.7 |last=Kroah-Hartman |first=Greg |author-link=Greg Kroah-Hartman |date=7 June 2016 |mailing-list=[[LKML]] |access-date=8 June 2016}}</ref>
| June 2016<ref>{{cite web |url=http://news.softpedia.com/news/linux-kernel-4-5-7-is-the-last-in-the-series-users-urged-to-move-to-linux-4-6-505037.shtml |title=Linux Kernel 4.5.7 Is The Last In The Series, Users Urged To Move To Linux 4.6 |last=Nestor |first=Marius |date=9 June 2016 |work=[[Softpedia]] |publisher=SoftNews NET SRL |access-date=28 June 2016}}</ref>
| June 2016<ref>{{cite web |url=http://news.softpedia.com/news/linux-kernel-4-5-7-is-the-last-in-the-series-users-urged-to-move-to-linux-4-6-505037.shtml |title=Linux Kernel 4.5.7 Is The Last In The Series, Users Urged To Move To Linux 4.6 |last=Nestor |first=Marius |date=9 June 2016 |work=[[Softpedia]] |publisher=SoftNews NET SRL |access-date=28 June 2016}}</ref>
|
|
|
|-
|-
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| {{dts|format=dmy|2016|01|10}}<ref>{{cite mailing list |url=https://lkml.org/lkml/2016/1/10/305 |title=Linux 4.4 |last=Torvalds |first=Linus |author-link=Linus Torvalds |date=10 January 2016 |mailing-list=[[LKML]] |access-date=10 June 2016}}</ref>
| {{dts|format=dmy|2016|01|10}}<ref>{{cite mailing list |url=https://lkml.org/lkml/2016/1/10/305 |title=Linux 4.4 |last=Torvalds |first=Linus |author-link=Linus Torvalds |date=10 January 2016 |mailing-list=[[LKML]] |access-date=10 June 2016}}</ref>
| 4.4.302<ref name="latest 4.4">{{cite mailing list |url=https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/1643877137240249@kroah.com/ |title=Linux 4.4.302 |last=Kroah-Hartman |first=Greg |author-link=Greg Kroah-Hartman |date=3 February 2022 |mailing-list=[[LKML]] |access-date=25 May 2022}}</ref><br />
| 4.4.302<ref name="latest 4.4">{{cite mailing list |url=https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/1643877137240249@kroah.com/ |title=Linux 4.4.302 |last=Kroah-Hartman |first=Greg |author-link=Greg Kroah-Hartman |date=3 February 2022 |mailing-list=[[LKML]] |access-date=25 May 2022}}</ref><br />
4.4.302-cip76<ref>{{cite web|title=CIP 4.4 releases|url=https://gitlab.com/cip-project/cip-kernel/linux-cip/-/tags?search=v4.4.302|access-date=11 June 2023}}</ref>
4.4.302-cip92<ref>{{cite web|title=CIP 4.4 releases|url=https://gitlab.com/cip-project/cip-kernel/linux-cip/-/tags?search=v4.4.302|access-date=10 November 2024}}</ref>
| Greg Kroah-Hartman & Sasha Levin{{r|ACTIVE}} (until February 2022<ref name="latest 4.4"/>)<br />
| Greg Kroah-Hartman & Sasha Levin{{r|ACTIVE}} (until February 2022<ref name="latest 4.4"/>)<br />
Nobuhiro Iwamatsu & Pavel Machek<ref name="CIP maintenance"/>
Nobuhiro Iwamatsu & Pavel Machek<ref name="CIP maintenance"/>
| January 2027<ref name="CIP maintenance"/>
| January 2027<ref name="CIP maintenance"/>
|
| 16th LTS release, used in Slackware 14.2.<ref>{{cite web|title=Slackware 14.2 announcement|url=http://slackware.osuosl.org/slackware-14.2/ANNOUNCE.14_2|access-date=20 February 2021}}</ref> Canonical provided extended support until April 2021.<ref>{{cite web |title=Ubuntu kernel lifecycle and enablement stack |website=Ubuntu.com |url=https://ubuntu.com/kernel/lifecycle#support-16-04}}</ref> As the first kernel selected for Super Long Term Support (SLTS), the Civil Infrastructure Platform will provide support until at least 2026, possibly until 2036.<ref name = "CIP">{{cite web |title=Kernel Maintenance |website=Linux Foundation Wiki |url=https://wiki.linuxfoundation.org/civilinfrastructureplatform/cipkernelmaintenance}}</ref> Used in [[Ubuntu 16.04 LTS]]
| 16th LTS release, used in Slackware 14.2.<ref>{{cite web|title=Slackware 14.2 announcement|url=http://slackware.osuosl.org/slackware-14.2/ANNOUNCE.14_2|access-date=20 February 2021}}</ref> Canonical provided extended support until April 2021.<ref>{{cite web |title=Ubuntu kernel lifecycle and enablement stack |website=Ubuntu.com |url=https://ubuntu.com/kernel/lifecycle#support-16-04}}</ref> As the first kernel selected for Super Long Term Support (SLTS), the Civil Infrastructure Platform will provide support until at least 2026.<ref name = "CIP">{{cite web |title=Kernel Maintenance |website=Linux Foundation Wiki |url=https://wiki.linuxfoundation.org/civilinfrastructureplatform/cipkernelmaintenance}}</ref> Used in [[Ubuntu 16.04 LTS]]
|-
|-
| {{Version|o|4.3}}
| {{Version|o|4.3}}
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| rowspan=2 | Greg Kroah-Hartman
| rowspan=2 | Greg Kroah-Hartman
| February 2016<ref>{{cite web |url=http://news.softpedia.com/news/linux-kernel-4-3-6-is-the-last-in-the-series-users-urged-to-move-to-linux-4-4-500675.shtml |title=Linux Kernel 4.3.6 Is the Last in the Series, Users Urged to Move to Linux 4.4 |last=Nestor |first=Marius |date=20 February 2016 |work=[[Softpedia]] |publisher=SoftNews NET SRL |access-date=21 February 2016}}</ref>
| February 2016<ref>{{cite web |url=http://news.softpedia.com/news/linux-kernel-4-3-6-is-the-last-in-the-series-users-urged-to-move-to-linux-4-4-500675.shtml |title=Linux Kernel 4.3.6 Is the Last in the Series, Users Urged to Move to Linux 4.4 |last=Nestor |first=Marius |date=20 February 2016 |work=[[Softpedia]] |publisher=SoftNews NET SRL |access-date=21 February 2016}}</ref>
|
| Named Blurry Fish Butt<ref>{{cite web
| Named Blurry Fish Butt<ref>{{cite web
| url = https://git.kernel.org/cgit/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/commit/Makefile?id=25cb62b76430a91cc6195f902e61c2cb84ade622
| url = https://git.kernel.org/cgit/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/commit/Makefile?id=25cb62b76430a91cc6195f902e61c2cb84ade622
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| 4.2.8<ref name="latest 4.2">{{cite mailing list |url=https://lkml.org/lkml/2015/12/15/51 |title=Linux 4.2.8 |last=Kroah-Hartman |first=Greg |author-link=Greg Kroah-Hartman |date=15 December 2015 |mailing-list=[[LKML]] |access-date=15 December 2015}}</ref>
| 4.2.8<ref name="latest 4.2">{{cite mailing list |url=https://lkml.org/lkml/2015/12/15/51 |title=Linux 4.2.8 |last=Kroah-Hartman |first=Greg |author-link=Greg Kroah-Hartman |date=15 December 2015 |mailing-list=[[LKML]] |access-date=15 December 2015}}</ref>
| December 2015<ref name="latest 4.2"/>
| December 2015<ref name="latest 4.2"/>
|
| Canonical provided extended support until July 2016.<ref name="Ubuntu Extended Stable" /><ref>{{cite mailing list |url=https://lkml.org/lkml/2015/12/15/538 |title=Linux 4.2.y.z extended stable support |last=Mostafa |first=Kamal |date=15 December 2015 |mailing-list=[[LKML]] |access-date=15 December 2015}}</ref>
| Canonical provided extended support until July 2016.<ref name="Ubuntu Extended Stable" /><ref>{{cite mailing list |url=https://lkml.org/lkml/2015/12/15/538 |title=Linux 4.2.y.z extended stable support |last=Mostafa |first=Kamal |date=15 December 2015 |mailing-list=[[LKML]] |access-date=15 December 2015}}</ref>
|-
|-
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| Sasha Levin{{r|ACTIVE}}<ref>{{cite mailing list |url=https://lkml.org/lkml/2016/1/31/156 |title=4.1 is now maintained by Sasha Levin |last=Kroah-Hartman |first=Greg |author-link=Greg Kroah-Hartman |date=31 January 2016 |mailing-list=[[LKML]] |access-date=22 February 2016}}</ref> {{Nowrap|(formerly Greg Kroah-Hartman)}}<ref>{{cite mailing list |url=https://lkml.org/lkml/2015/9/23/686 |title=4.1 is a longterm kernel |last=Kroah-Hartman |first=Greg |author-link=Greg Kroah-Hartman |date=23 September 2015 |mailing-list=[[LKML]] |access-date=27 September 2015}}</ref>
| Sasha Levin{{r|ACTIVE}}<ref>{{cite mailing list |url=https://lkml.org/lkml/2016/1/31/156 |title=4.1 is now maintained by Sasha Levin |last=Kroah-Hartman |first=Greg |author-link=Greg Kroah-Hartman |date=31 January 2016 |mailing-list=[[LKML]] |access-date=22 February 2016}}</ref> {{Nowrap|(formerly Greg Kroah-Hartman)}}<ref>{{cite mailing list |url=https://lkml.org/lkml/2015/9/23/686 |title=4.1 is a longterm kernel |last=Kroah-Hartman |first=Greg |author-link=Greg Kroah-Hartman |date=23 September 2015 |mailing-list=[[LKML]] |access-date=27 September 2015}}</ref>
| May 2018{{r|4.1}}
| May 2018{{r|4.1}}
|
| 15th LTS release. 4.1.1 was named Series 4800<ref>{{cite web
| 15th LTS release. 4.1.1 was named Series 4800<ref>{{cite web
| url = https://lkml.org/lkml/2015/6/29/492
| url = https://lkml.org/lkml/2015/6/29/492
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| [[Greg Kroah-Hartman]]
| [[Greg Kroah-Hartman]]
| July 2015<ref>{{cite web |url=http://news.softpedia.com/news/linux-kernel-4-0-to-reach-end-of-life-soon-users-urged-to-move-to-linux-kernel-4-1-486698.shtml |title=Linux Kernel 4.0 to Reach End of Life Soon, Users Urged to Move to Linux Kernel 4.1 |last=Nestor |first=Marius |date=13 July 2015 |work=[[Softpedia]] |publisher=SoftNews NET SRL |access-date=30 September 2015}}</ref>
| July 2015<ref>{{cite web |url=http://news.softpedia.com/news/linux-kernel-4-0-to-reach-end-of-life-soon-users-urged-to-move-to-linux-kernel-4-1-486698.shtml |title=Linux Kernel 4.0 to Reach End of Life Soon, Users Urged to Move to Linux Kernel 4.1 |last=Nestor |first=Marius |date=13 July 2015 |work=[[Softpedia]] |publisher=SoftNews NET SRL |access-date=30 September 2015}}</ref>
|
* Initial [[live patching]] support<ref name=":24">{{Cite web |title=Linux_4.0 - Linux Kernel Newbies |url=https://kernelnewbies.org/Linux_4.0 |access-date=2024-05-24 |website=kernelnewbies.org}}</ref>
* [[lazytime]] mount option<ref name=":24" />
| Named "Hurr durr {{sic|I'm|a}} sheep"<ref>{{cite web
| Named "Hurr durr {{sic|I'm|a}} sheep"<ref>{{cite web
| url = https://git.kernel.org/cgit/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/commit/?id=c517d838eb7d07bbe9507871fab3931deccff539
| url = https://git.kernel.org/cgit/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/commit/?id=c517d838eb7d07bbe9507871fab3931deccff539
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| access-date = 2015-12-06}}</ref> (Internet poll)
| access-date = 2015-12-06}}</ref> (Internet poll)
|-
|-
| colspan="6" | <small>{{Version|l|show=111000}}</small>
| colspan="7" | <small>{{Version|l|show=111000}}</small>
|}
|}


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! Maintainer
! Maintainer
! {{abbr|EOL|End of Life}}
! {{abbr|EOL|End of Life}}
!Prominent features
! Notes
! Notes
|-
|-
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| Greg Kroah-Hartman
| Greg Kroah-Hartman
| May 2015<ref name="3.19.8 release" />
| May 2015<ref name="3.19.8 release" />
|
| Canonical provided extended support until July 2016.<ref name="Ubuntu Extended Stable" /><ref>{{cite mailing list |url=https://lkml.org/lkml/2015/5/13/657 |title=Linux 3.19.y-ckt extended stable support |last=Mostafa |first=Kamal |date=13 May 2015 |mailing-list=[[LKML]] |access-date=20 January 2016}}</ref>
| Canonical provided extended support until July 2016.<ref name="Ubuntu Extended Stable" /><ref>{{cite mailing list |url=https://lkml.org/lkml/2015/5/13/657 |title=Linux 3.19.y-ckt extended stable support |last=Mostafa |first=Kamal |date=13 May 2015 |mailing-list=[[LKML]] |access-date=20 January 2016}}</ref>
|-
|-
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| Greg Kroah-Hartman<ref>{{cite mailing list |url=https://lwn.net/Articles/713963/ |title=Linux 3.18.48 |last=Kroah-Hartman |first=Greg |author-link=Greg Kroah-Hartman |date=8 February 2017 |mailing-list=[[LKML]] |access-date=18 April 2017}}</ref> {{Nowrap|(formerly Sasha Levin<ref>{{cite mailing list |url=https://lkml.org/lkml/2015/3/11/305 |title=3.18 is now maintained by Sasha Levin |last=Kroah-Hartman |first=Greg |author-link=Greg Kroah-Hartman |date=11 March 2015 |mailing-list=[[LKML]] |access-date=11 March 2015}}</ref>)}} {{Nowrap|(formerly Greg Kroah-Hartman)}}
| Greg Kroah-Hartman<ref>{{cite mailing list |url=https://lwn.net/Articles/713963/ |title=Linux 3.18.48 |last=Kroah-Hartman |first=Greg |author-link=Greg Kroah-Hartman |date=8 February 2017 |mailing-list=[[LKML]] |access-date=18 April 2017}}</ref> {{Nowrap|(formerly Sasha Levin<ref>{{cite mailing list |url=https://lkml.org/lkml/2015/3/11/305 |title=3.18 is now maintained by Sasha Levin |last=Kroah-Hartman |first=Greg |author-link=Greg Kroah-Hartman |date=11 March 2015 |mailing-list=[[LKML]] |access-date=11 March 2015}}</ref>)}} {{Nowrap|(formerly Greg Kroah-Hartman)}}
| January 2017<ref>{{cite mailing list |url=http://lkml.iu.edu/hypermail/linux/kernel/1702.1/00296.html |title=Linux 3.18.48 |last=Kroah-Hartman |first=Greg |author-link=Greg Kroah-Hartman |date=8 February 2017 |mailing-list=[[LKML]] |access-date=18 April 2017}}</ref>
| January 2017<ref>{{cite mailing list |url=http://lkml.iu.edu/hypermail/linux/kernel/1702.1/00296.html |title=Linux 3.18.48 |last=Kroah-Hartman |first=Greg |author-link=Greg Kroah-Hartman |date=8 February 2017 |mailing-list=[[LKML]] |access-date=18 April 2017}}</ref>
|
* [[OverlayFS]]<ref name=":29">{{Cite web |title=Linux_3.18 - Linux Kernel Newbies |url=https://kernelnewbies.org/Linux_3.18 |access-date=2024-07-19 |website=kernelnewbies.org}}</ref>

* [[eBPF]]<ref>{{cite web |date=December 7, 2014 |title=Linux kernel 3.18, Section 1.3. bpf() syscall for eBFP virtual machine programs |url=https://kernelnewbies.org/Linux_3.18#bpf.28.29_syscall_for_eBFP_virtual_machine_programs |access-date=September 6, 2019 |website=kernelnewbies.org}}</ref>
* [[DCTCP]] support<ref name=":29" />
| 14th LTS release, named Diseased [[Newt]]<ref>{{cite web
| 14th LTS release, named Diseased [[Newt]]<ref>{{cite web
| url = https://git.kernel.org/cgit/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/commit/?id=0df1f2487d2f0d04703f142813d53615d62a1da4
| url = https://git.kernel.org/cgit/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/commit/?id=0df1f2487d2f0d04703f142813d53615d62a1da4
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| Greg Kroah-Hartman
| Greg Kroah-Hartman
| January 2015<ref name="3.17.8 release" />
| January 2015<ref name="3.17.8 release" />
|
|-
|-
| {{Version|o|3.16}}
| {{Version|o|3.16}}
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| Ben Hutchings{{r|ACTIVE}}<ref name="3.16 LTS">{{cite mailing list |url=http://www.spinics.net/lists/stable/msg131397.html |title=Add 3.16 as a longterm release |last=Hutchings |first=Ben |date=2 May 2016 |mailing-list=[[LKML]] |access-date=9 May 2016}}</ref> {{Nowrap|(formerly Greg Kroah-Hartman)}}
| Ben Hutchings{{r|ACTIVE}}<ref name="3.16 LTS">{{cite mailing list |url=http://www.spinics.net/lists/stable/msg131397.html |title=Add 3.16 as a longterm release |last=Hutchings |first=Ben |date=2 May 2016 |mailing-list=[[LKML]] |access-date=9 May 2016}}</ref> {{Nowrap|(formerly Greg Kroah-Hartman)}}
| Maintained until October 2014, then May 2016 to June 2020<ref name="latest 3.16" />{{r|ACTIVE}}<ref name="3.16.7 release">{{cite mailing list |url=https://lkml.org/lkml/2014/10/30/583 |title=Linux 3.16.7 |last=Kroah-Hartman |first=Greg |author-link=Greg Kroah-Hartman |date=30 October 2014 |mailing-list=[[LKML]] |access-date=30 October 2014}}</ref>
| Maintained until October 2014, then May 2016 to June 2020<ref name="latest 3.16" />{{r|ACTIVE}}<ref name="3.16.7 release">{{cite mailing list |url=https://lkml.org/lkml/2014/10/30/583 |title=Linux 3.16.7 |last=Kroah-Hartman |first=Greg |author-link=Greg Kroah-Hartman |date=30 October 2014 |mailing-list=[[LKML]] |access-date=30 October 2014}}</ref>
|
| 13th LTS release. Was used in [[Debian]] 8 "Jessie".<ref>{{cite news |title=Jessie will ship Linux 3.16 |url=https://bits.debian.org/2014/07/kernel-version-for-jessie.html |last=Guerrero Lopez |first=Ana |newspaper=Debian Project |publisher=Bits from Debian |access-date=27 May 2016}}</ref> Canonical provided extended support until April 2016.<ref name="Ubuntu Extended Stable" /><ref>{{cite mailing list |url=https://lkml.org/lkml/2014/10/30/649 |title=Linux 3.16.y.z extended stable support |last=Henriques |first=Luis |date=30 October 2014 |mailing-list=[[LKML]] |access-date=3 November 2014}}</ref>
| 13th LTS release. Was used in [[Debian]] 8 "Jessie".<ref>{{cite news |title=Jessie will ship Linux 3.16 |url=https://bits.debian.org/2014/07/kernel-version-for-jessie.html |last=Guerrero Lopez |first=Ana |newspaper=Debian Project |publisher=Bits from Debian |access-date=27 May 2016}}</ref> Canonical provided extended support until April 2016.<ref name="Ubuntu Extended Stable" /><ref>{{cite mailing list |url=https://lkml.org/lkml/2014/10/30/649 |title=Linux 3.16.y.z extended stable support |last=Henriques |first=Luis |date=30 October 2014 |mailing-list=[[LKML]] |access-date=3 November 2014}}</ref>
3.16.1 was named Museum of Fishiegoodies<ref>{{cite web |url=https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git/commit/Makefile?h=linux-3.16.y&id=9a35988df62b6ce3b69d640da44a3ead96f63182 |title=kernel/git/stable/linux.git - Linux kernel stable tree |website=git.kernel.org |date=2014-08-14 |access-date=2021-12-17}}</ref>
3.16.1 was named Museum of Fishiegoodies<ref>{{cite web |url=https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git/commit/Makefile?h=linux-3.16.y&id=9a35988df62b6ce3b69d640da44a3ead96f63182 |title=kernel/git/stable/linux.git - Linux kernel stable tree |website=Kernel.org git repositories |date=2014-08-14 |access-date=2021-12-17}}</ref>
|-
|-
| {{Version|o|3.15}}
| {{Version|o|3.15}}
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| Greg Kroah-Hartman
| Greg Kroah-Hartman
| August 2014<ref name="3.15.10 release" />
| August 2014<ref name="3.15.10 release" />
|
* [[LZ4 (compression algorithm)|LZ4]] compression support for zram<ref>{{cite web |date=June 8, 2014 |title=Linux kernel 3.15, Section 1.7. zram: LZ4 compression support, improved performance |url=https://kernelnewbies.org/Linux_3.15#zram:_LZ4_compression_support.2C_improved_performance |access-date=June 15, 2014 |website=kernelnewbies.org}}</ref>
|-
|-
| {{Version|o|3.14}}
| {{Version|o|3.14}}
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| Greg Kroah-Hartman{{r|ACTIVE}}
| Greg Kroah-Hartman{{r|ACTIVE}}
| August 2016<ref name="latest 3.14" />
| August 2016<ref name="latest 3.14" />
|
* [[zram]] support<ref>{{cite web |date=March 30, 2014 |title=Linux kernel 3.14, Section 1.2. zram: Memory compression mechanism considered stable |url=https://kernelnewbies.org/Linux_3.14#zram:_Memory_compression_mechanism_considered_stable |access-date=April 1, 2014 |website=kernelnewbies.org}}</ref>
| 12th LTS release, named Shuffling [[Zombie]] [[Juror]]<ref>{{cite web
| 12th LTS release, named Shuffling [[Zombie]] [[Juror]]<ref>{{cite web
| url = https://git.kernel.org/cgit/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/commit/?id=38dbfb59d1175ef458d006556061adeaa8751b72
| url = https://git.kernel.org/cgit/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/commit/?id=38dbfb59d1175ef458d006556061adeaa8751b72
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| Greg Kroah-Hartman
| Greg Kroah-Hartman
| April 2014<ref name="3.13.11 release" />
| April 2014<ref name="3.13.11 release" />
|
| Canonical provided extended support until April 2016.<ref name="Ubuntu Extended Stable" /><ref>{{cite mailing list |url=https://lkml.org/lkml/2014/4/23/516 |title=&#91;ANNOUNCE&#93; Linux 3.13.y.z extended stable support |last=Mostafa |first=Kamal |date=24 April 2014 |mailing-list=[[LKML]] |access-date=15 February 2015}}</ref> Named One Giant Leap for [[Frog]]kind<ref>{{cite web
| Canonical provided extended support until April 2016.<ref name="Ubuntu Extended Stable" /><ref>{{cite mailing list |url=https://lkml.org/lkml/2014/4/23/516 |title=&#91;ANNOUNCE&#93; Linux 3.13.y.z extended stable support |last=Mostafa |first=Kamal |date=24 April 2014 |mailing-list=[[LKML]] |access-date=15 February 2015}}</ref> Named One Giant Leap for [[Frog]]kind<ref>{{cite web
| url = https://git.kernel.org/cgit/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/commit/?id=272b98c6455f00884f0350f775c5342358ebb73f
| url = https://git.kernel.org/cgit/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/commit/?id=272b98c6455f00884f0350f775c5342358ebb73f
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| Jiří Slabý{{r|ACTIVE}}<ref name="3.12 LTS">{{cite mailing list |url=https://lkml.org/lkml/2014/2/26/596 |title=3.12-stable kernel tree being taken over by Jiří Slabý |last=Kroah-Hartman |first=Greg |author-link=Greg Kroah-Hartman |date=26 February 2014 |mailing-list=[[LKML]] |access-date=3 February 2015}}</ref> {{Nowrap|(formerly Greg Kroah-Hartman)}}
| Jiří Slabý{{r|ACTIVE}}<ref name="3.12 LTS">{{cite mailing list |url=https://lkml.org/lkml/2014/2/26/596 |title=3.12-stable kernel tree being taken over by Jiří Slabý |last=Kroah-Hartman |first=Greg |author-link=Greg Kroah-Hartman |date=26 February 2014 |mailing-list=[[LKML]] |access-date=3 February 2015}}</ref> {{Nowrap|(formerly Greg Kroah-Hartman)}}
| May 2017<ref name="3.12 LTS" /><ref name="latest 3.12" />
| May 2017<ref name="3.12 LTS" /><ref name="latest 3.12" />
|
| 11th LTS release, named Suicidal Squirrel<ref>{{cite web
| 11th LTS release, named Suicidal Squirrel<ref>{{cite web
| url = https://www.phoronix.com/scan.php?page=news_item&px=MTQ1OTg
| url = https://www.phoronix.com/scan.php?page=news_item&px=MTQ1OTg
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| Greg Kroah-Hartman
| Greg Kroah-Hartman
| November 2013<ref name="3.11.10 release" />
| November 2013<ref name="3.11.10 release" />
|
* [[zswap]] support<ref>{{cite web |date=September 2, 2013 |title=Linux kernel 3.11, Section 9. Zswap: A compressed swap cache |url=https://kernelnewbies.org/Linux_3.11#Zswap:_A_compressed_swap_cache |access-date=January 22, 2014 |website=kernelnewbies.org}}</ref>
| Canonical provided extended support until August 2014.<ref name="Ubuntu Extended Stable" /> Named Linux [[Windows for Workgroups|for Workgroups]] after the 20 years of Windows 3.11<ref>{{cite web
| Canonical provided extended support until August 2014.<ref name="Ubuntu Extended Stable" /> Named Linux [[Windows for Workgroups|for Workgroups]] after the 20 years of Windows 3.11<ref>{{cite web
| last = Vaughan
| last = Vaughan
| first = Steven J.
| first = Steven J.
| url = http://www.zdnet.com/linux-3-11-linux-for-workgroups-7000018091/
| url = https://www.zdnet.com/article/linux-3-11-linux-for-workgroups/
| title = Linux 3.11: Linux for Workgroups
| title = Linux 3.11: Linux for Workgroups
| publisher = ZDNet
| publisher = ZDNet
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| Willy Tarreau{{r|ACTIVE}}<ref>{{cite mailing list |url=http://www.spinics.net/lists/stable/msg128642.html |title=[PATCH kernel.org] change 3.10 EOL and maintainer |last=Tarreau |first=Willy |date=14 June 2016 |mailing-list=[[LKML]] |access-date=14 June 2016}}</ref> {{Nowrap|(formerly Greg Kroah-Hartman)}}
| Willy Tarreau{{r|ACTIVE}}<ref>{{cite mailing list |url=http://www.spinics.net/lists/stable/msg128642.html |title=[PATCH kernel.org] change 3.10 EOL and maintainer |last=Tarreau |first=Willy |date=14 June 2016 |mailing-list=[[LKML]] |access-date=14 June 2016}}</ref> {{Nowrap|(formerly Greg Kroah-Hartman)}}
| November 2017<ref name="3.10.108 release" />
| November 2017<ref name="3.10.108 release" />
|
* [[bcache]] support<ref>{{cite web |date=June 30, 2013 |title=Linux kernel 3.10, Section 1.2. bcache, a block layer cache for SSD caching |url=https://kernelnewbies.org/Linux_3.10#Bcache.2C_a_block_layer_cache_for_SSD_caching |access-date=October 4, 2013 |website=kernelnewbies.org}}</ref>
|10th LTS release,<br />3.10.6 was named TOSSUG Baby Fish<ref>{{cite web
|10th LTS release,<br />3.10.6 was named TOSSUG Baby Fish<ref>{{cite web
| url = http://www.tossug.org/baby-fish
| url = http://www.tossug.org/baby-fish
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| Greg Kroah-Hartman
| Greg Kroah-Hartman
| July 2013<ref name="3.9.11 release" />
| July 2013<ref name="3.9.11 release" />
|
* [[dm-cache]] support<ref>{{cite web |date=April 28, 2013 |title=Linux kernel 3.9, Section 1.3. SSD cache devices |url=https://kernelnewbies.org/Linux_3.9#SSD_cache_devices |access-date=October 7, 2013 |website=kernelnewbies.org}}</ref>
* suspend-freeze<ref>{{Cite web |title=Linux_3.9 - Linux Kernel Newbies |url=https://kernelnewbies.org/Linux_3.9#New_.22suspend-freeze.22_suspend_state: |access-date=2024-06-22 |website=kernelnewbies.org}}</ref>
* Intel [[P state|P-state]] support<ref>{{Cite web |title=Linux_3.9_DriverArch - Linux Kernel Newbies |url=https://kernelnewbies.org/Linux_3.9_DriverArch#x86 |access-date=2024-06-22 |website=kernelnewbies.org}}</ref>
| 3.9.6 was named [[Black Squirrel]] Wakeup Call<ref>{{cite web
| 3.9.6 was named [[Black Squirrel]] Wakeup Call<ref>{{cite web
| author = jake
| author = jake
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| Greg Kroah-Hartman
| Greg Kroah-Hartman
| May 2013<ref name="3.8.13 release" />
| May 2013<ref name="3.8.13 release" />
|
* [[F2FS]] file system<ref>{{Cite web |title=F2FS File-System Merged Into Linux 3.8 Kernel |url=https://www.phoronix.com/news/MTI1OTU |access-date=2024-04-25 |website=www.phoronix.com |language=en}}</ref>
* [[i386]] support removed<ref>{{Cite web |title=Linux Kernel Drops Support For Old Intel 386 CPUs |url=https://www.phoronix.com/news/MTI0OTg |access-date=2024-04-25 |website=www.phoronix.com |language=en}}</ref>
|Canonical provided extended support until August 2014.<ref name="Ubuntu Extended Stable" /><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.h-online.com/open/news/item/Canonical-to-maintain-Linux-3-8-until-August-2014-1863580.html |title=Canonical to maintain Linux 3.8 until August 2014 |last=Walker-Morgan |first=DJ |date=15 May 2013 |work=The H Open |publisher=[[Heinz Heise]] |access-date=17 May 2013}}</ref><br />
|Canonical provided extended support until August 2014.<ref name="Ubuntu Extended Stable" /><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.h-online.com/open/news/item/Canonical-to-maintain-Linux-3-8-until-August-2014-1863580.html |title=Canonical to maintain Linux 3.8 until August 2014 |last=Walker-Morgan |first=DJ |date=15 May 2013 |work=The H Open |publisher=[[Heinz Heise]] |access-date=17 May 2013}}</ref><br />
Named Unicycling [[Gorilla]]<ref>{{cite web
Named Unicycling [[Gorilla]]<ref>{{cite web
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| Greg Kroah-Hartman
| Greg Kroah-Hartman
| March 2013<ref name="3.7.10 release" /><ref>{{cite web |url=http://news.softpedia.com/news/Linux-Kernel-3-7-10-Officially-Reaches-End-of-Life-Kernel-org-Website-Updated-333675.shtml |title=Linux Kernel 3.7.10 Officially Reaches End of Life, Kernel.org Website Updated |last=Stahie |first=Silviu |date=1 March 2013 |publisher=[[Softpedia]] |access-date=1 March 2013}}</ref>
| March 2013<ref name="3.7.10 release" /><ref>{{cite web |url=http://news.softpedia.com/news/Linux-Kernel-3-7-10-Officially-Reaches-End-of-Life-Kernel-org-Website-Updated-333675.shtml |title=Linux Kernel 3.7.10 Officially Reaches End of Life, Kernel.org Website Updated |last=Stahie |first=Silviu |date=1 March 2013 |publisher=[[Softpedia]] |access-date=1 March 2013}}</ref>
|
| rowspan=2 | Named Terrified [[Chipmunk]]<ref>{{cite web
* [[ARM64]] support<ref>{{Cite web |title=ARM64/AArch64 Support Going Into Linux 3.7 Kernel |url=https://www.phoronix.com/news/MTE5NjQ |access-date=2024-04-25 |website=www.phoronix.com |language=en}}</ref>
| rowspan="2" | Named Terrified [[Chipmunk]]<ref>{{cite web
| author = Thorsten Leemhuis
| author = Thorsten Leemhuis
| url = http://www.heise.de/open/artikel/Die-Neuerungen-von-Linux-3-6-1714142.html
| url = http://www.heise.de/open/artikel/Die-Neuerungen-von-Linux-3-6-1714142.html
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| Greg Kroah-Hartman
| Greg Kroah-Hartman
| December 2012<ref name="3.6.11 release" />
| December 2012<ref name="3.6.11 release" />
|
* Initial support of send/receive and sub-volume quotas for Btrfs<ref>{{Cite web |title=Btrfs Filesystem In Linux 3.6 Kernel Has Big Changes |url=https://www.phoronix.com/news/MTE0NzE |access-date=2024-04-25 |website=www.phoronix.com |language=en}}</ref>
|-
|-
| {{Version|o|3.5}}
| {{Version|o|3.5}}
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| Greg Kroah-Hartman
| Greg Kroah-Hartman
| October 2012<ref name="3.5.7 release" />
| October 2012<ref name="3.5.7 release" />
|
| Canonical provided extended support until April 2014.<ref name="Ubuntu Extended Stable" /><ref>{{cite mailing list |url=https://lkml.org/lkml/2012/11/9/184 |title=Linux 3.6.11 |last=Krzesinski |first=Herton Ronaldo |date=9 November 2012 |mailing-list=[[LKML]] |access-date=14 May 2013}}</ref>
| Canonical provided extended support until April 2014.<ref name="Ubuntu Extended Stable" /><ref>{{cite mailing list |url=https://lkml.org/lkml/2012/11/9/184 |title=Linux 3.6.11 |last=Krzesinski |first=Herton Ronaldo |date=9 November 2012 |mailing-list=[[LKML]] |access-date=14 May 2013}}</ref>
|-
|-
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| 3.4.113<ref>{{cite mailing list |url=https://www.spinics.net/lists/announce-kernel/msg01708.html |title=Linux kernel 3.4.113 released |date=26 October 2016 |mailing-list=[[Linux kernel mailing list|Linux stable]] |access-date=5 December 2016}}</ref>
| 3.4.113<ref>{{cite mailing list |url=https://www.spinics.net/lists/announce-kernel/msg01708.html |title=Linux kernel 3.4.113 released |date=26 October 2016 |mailing-list=[[Linux kernel mailing list|Linux stable]] |access-date=5 December 2016}}</ref>
| Li Zefan{{r|ACTIVE}}<ref>{{cite mailing list |url=https://lkml.org/lkml/2014/8/26/758 |title=Li Zefan is now the 3.4 stable maintainer |last=Kroah-Hartman |first=Greg |author-link=Greg Kroah-Hartman |date=26 August 2014 |mailing-list=[[LKML]] |access-date=14 October 2014}}</ref> {{Nowrap|(formerly Greg Kroah-Hartman)}}
| Li Zefan{{r|ACTIVE}}<ref>{{cite mailing list |url=https://lkml.org/lkml/2014/8/26/758 |title=Li Zefan is now the 3.4 stable maintainer |last=Kroah-Hartman |first=Greg |author-link=Greg Kroah-Hartman |date=26 August 2014 |mailing-list=[[LKML]] |access-date=14 October 2014}}</ref> {{Nowrap|(formerly Greg Kroah-Hartman)}}
| October 2016<ref>{{cite web |url=https://forum.xda-developers.com/lg-g2/development/kernel-lambda-kernel-t3270424 |title=[Kernel 3.4.113][CAF][Monthly] Lambda Kernel ~ Infinito [All variants][N/M/L][01/29] |quote=The 3.4.113 version of the Linux kernel has been finished in Oct 26, 2016 and it's currently marked as EOL (End of Life) version.}}</ref>
| October 2016<ref>{{cite web |url=https://forum.xda-developers.com/lg-g2/development/kernel-lambda-kernel-t3270424 |title=[Kernel 3.4.113][CAF][Monthly] Lambda Kernel ~ Infinito [All variants][N/M/L][01/29] |date=13 December 2015 |quote=The 3.4.113 version of the Linux kernel has been finished in Oct 26, 2016 and it's currently marked as EOL (End of Life) version.}}</ref>
|
| 9th LTS release
| 9th LTS release
|-
|-
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| Greg Kroah-Hartman
| Greg Kroah-Hartman
| June 2012<ref name="3.3.8 release" />
| June 2012<ref name="3.3.8 release" />
|
|-
|-
| {{Version|o|3.2}}
| {{Version|o|3.2}}
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| Ben Hutchings{{r|ACTIVE}}<ref name="The H Open 3.2-longterm">{{cite web |url=http://www.h-online.com/open/news/item/Long-term-maintenance-for-Linux-3-2-1546065.html |title=Long-term maintenance for Linux 3.2 |last=von Eitzen |first=Chris |date=23 April 2012 |work=The H Open |publisher=[[Heinz Heise]] |access-date=14 May 2013}}</ref>
| Ben Hutchings{{r|ACTIVE}}<ref name="The H Open 3.2-longterm">{{cite web |url=http://www.h-online.com/open/news/item/Long-term-maintenance-for-Linux-3-2-1546065.html |title=Long-term maintenance for Linux 3.2 |last=von Eitzen |first=Chris |date=23 April 2012 |work=The H Open |publisher=[[Heinz Heise]] |access-date=14 May 2013}}</ref>
| May 2018<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.kernel.org/releases.html|title=Active kernel releases|website=www.kernel.org|language=en|access-date=2018-04-06}}</ref>
| May 2018<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.kernel.org/releases.html|title=Active kernel releases|website=www.kernel.org|language=en|access-date=2018-04-06}}</ref>
|
| 8th LTS release, used in [[Ubuntu (operating system)|Ubuntu]] 12.04 LTS<ref>{{cite web |title=LTS Enablement Stacks |url=https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Kernel/LTSEnablementStack |access-date=10 February 2014}}</ref> and optionally in 12.04&nbsp;ESM,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://wiki.ubuntu.com/SecurityTeam/ESM/12.04|title=SecurityTeam/ESM/12.04 - Ubuntu Wiki|website=wiki.ubuntu.com|access-date=2017-10-24}}</ref> [[Debian]]&nbsp;7 "Wheezy" and [[Slackware]]&nbsp;14.0.{{r|ACTIVE}}<ref name="The H Open 3.2-longterm" /> Canonical promised to (at least) provide long-term support until April 2017;<ref name="Ubuntu Extended Stable"/> Support has continued for months after.<br />
| 8th LTS release, used in [[Ubuntu (operating system)|Ubuntu]] 12.04 LTS<ref>{{cite web |title=LTS Enablement Stacks |url=https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Kernel/LTSEnablementStack |access-date=10 February 2014}}</ref> and optionally in 12.04&nbsp;ESM,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://wiki.ubuntu.com/SecurityTeam/ESM/12.04|title=SecurityTeam/ESM/12.04 - Ubuntu Wiki|website=wiki.ubuntu.com|access-date=2017-10-24}}</ref> [[Debian]]&nbsp;7 "Wheezy" and [[Slackware]]&nbsp;14.0.{{r|ACTIVE}}<ref name="The H Open 3.2-longterm" /> Canonical promised to (at least) provide long-term support until April 2017;<ref name="Ubuntu Extended Stable"/> Support has continued for months after.<br />
3.2 to 3.5 was named Saber-toothed [[Squirrel]]<ref>{{cite web
3.2 to 3.5 was named Saber-toothed [[Squirrel]]<ref>{{cite web
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| Greg Kroah-Hartman
| Greg Kroah-Hartman
| January 2012<ref name="3.1.10 release" />
| January 2012<ref name="3.1.10 release" />
|
|provided the base for real-time tree<br />3.1-rc2 was named Wet [[Earless seal|Seal]]<br />3.1 was named Divemaster Edition<ref>{{cite web
|3.1 provided the base for real-time tree.<br />3.1-rc2 was named Wet [[Earless seal|Seal]]<br />3.1 was named Divemaster Edition<ref>{{cite web
| url = https://git.kernel.org/cgit/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/commit/?id=fcb8ce5cfe30ca9ca5c9a79cdfe26d1993e65e0c
| url = https://git.kernel.org/cgit/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/commit/?id=fcb8ce5cfe30ca9ca5c9a79cdfe26d1993e65e0c
| title = kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git - Linux kernel source tree
| title = kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git - Linux kernel source tree
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| [[Greg Kroah-Hartman]]<ref name="The H Open 3.0-longterm">{{cite web |url=http://www.h-online.com/open/features/Kernel-Log-15-000-000-lines-of-code-3-0-promoted-to-long-term-kernel-1408062.html |title=Kernel Log: 15,000,000 lines, 3.0 promoted to long-term kernel |last=Leemhuis |first=Thorsten |date=12 January 2012 |work=The H Open |publisher=[[Heinz Heise]] |access-date=27 March 2012}}</ref>
| [[Greg Kroah-Hartman]]<ref name="The H Open 3.0-longterm">{{cite web |url=http://www.h-online.com/open/features/Kernel-Log-15-000-000-lines-of-code-3-0-promoted-to-long-term-kernel-1408062.html |title=Kernel Log: 15,000,000 lines, 3.0 promoted to long-term kernel |last=Leemhuis |first=Thorsten |date=12 January 2012 |work=The H Open |publisher=[[Heinz Heise]] |access-date=27 March 2012}}</ref>
| October 2013<ref name="3.0.101 release" /><ref name="The H Open 3.0-longterm" />
| October 2013<ref name="3.0.101 release" /><ref name="The H Open 3.0-longterm" />
|
* Btrfs: automatic defragmentation and [[Data scrubbing|scrubbing]] support<ref>{{Cite web |title=Linux_3.0 - Linux Kernel Newbies, Section 1.1. Btrfs: Automatic defragmentation, scrubbing, performance improvements |url=https://kernelnewbies.org/Linux_3.0#Btrfs:_Automatic_defragmentation.2C_scrubbing.2C_performance_improvements |access-date=2024-03-16 |website=kernelnewbies.org}}</ref>
| 7th LTS release<br /> Named Sneaky Weasel<ref>{{cite web
| 7th LTS release<br /> Named Sneaky Weasel<ref>{{cite web
| url = https://www.theregister.co.uk/2011/05/31/linux_kernel_version_3_0/
| url = https://www.theregister.co.uk/2011/05/31/linux_kernel_version_3_0/
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| access-date = 2015-12-06}}</ref>
| access-date = 2015-12-06}}</ref>
|-
|-
| colspan="6" | <small>{{Version|l|show=110000}}</small>
| colspan="7" | <small>{{Version|l|show=110000}}</small>
|}
|}


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color:DEV from:11/01/2005 till:02/03/2005 text:2.6.11.x
color:DEV from:11/01/2005 till:02/03/2005 text:2.6.11.x
color:SUPPORT from:02/03/2005 till:11/06/2005
color:SUPPORT from:02/03/2005 till:11/06/2005
bar:2.6.10
color:SUPPORT from:24/12/2004 till:02/03/2005 text:2.6.10.x
bar:2.6.9
color:SUPPORT from:19/10/2004 till:24/12/2004 text:2.6.9.x
bar:2.6.8
color:SUPPORT from:14/08/2004 till:19/10/2004 text:2.6.8.x
bar:2.6.7
color:SUPPORT from:16/06/2004 till:14/08/2004 text:2.6.7.x
bar:2.6.6
color:SUPPORT from:10/05/2004 till:16/06/2004 text:2.6.6.x
bar:2.6.5
color:SUPPORT from:04/04/2004 till:10/05/2004 text:2.6.5.x
bar:2.6.4
color:SUPPORT from:11/03/2004 till:04/04/2004 text:2.6.4.x
bar:2.6.3
color:SUPPORT from:18/02/2004 till:11/03/2004 text:2.6.3.x
bar:2.6.2
color:SUPPORT from:04/02/2004 till:18/02/2004 text:2.6.2.x
bar:2.6.1
color:SUPPORT from:09/01/2004 till:04/02/2004 text:2.6.1.x
bar:2.6
bar:2.6
color:DEV from:13/07/2003 till:18/12/2003 text:2.6.x
color:DEV from:13/07/2003 till:18/12/2003 text:2.6.0.x
color:SUPPORT from:18/12/2003 till:24/12/2004
color:SUPPORT from:18/12/2003 till:09/01/2004
# https://mirrors.edge.kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel/v2.6/
# https://mirrors.edge.kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel/v2.6/
# https://mirrors.edge.kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel/v2.6/testing/
# https://mirrors.edge.kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel/v2.6/testing/
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! Maintainer
! Maintainer
! {{abbr|EOL|End of Life}}
! {{abbr|EOL|End of Life}}
!Prominent features
! Notes
! Notes
|-
|-
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| rowspan=4 | Greg Kroah-Hartman
| rowspan=4 | Greg Kroah-Hartman
| August 2011<ref name="2.6.39.4 release" />
| August 2011<ref name="2.6.39.4 release" />
|
| last stable release of the 2.6 kernel series
| Last stable release of the 2.6 kernel series
|-
|-
| {{Version|o|2.6.38}}
| {{Version|o|2.6.38}}
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| 2.6.38.8<ref name="2.6.38.8 release">{{cite mailing list |url=http://lkml.iu.edu/hypermail/linux/kernel/1106.0/01226.html |title=Linux 2.6.38.8 |last=Kroah-Hartman |first=Greg |author-link=Greg Kroah-Hartman |date=2 June 2011 |mailing-list=[[LKML]] |access-date=15 February 2015}}</ref>
| 2.6.38.8<ref name="2.6.38.8 release">{{cite mailing list |url=http://lkml.iu.edu/hypermail/linux/kernel/1106.0/01226.html |title=Linux 2.6.38.8 |last=Kroah-Hartman |first=Greg |author-link=Greg Kroah-Hartman |date=2 June 2011 |mailing-list=[[LKML]] |access-date=15 February 2015}}</ref>
| June 2011<ref name="2.6.38.8 release" />
| June 2011<ref name="2.6.38.8 release" />
|
| rowspan=3 | named Flesh-Eating Bats with Fangs<ref>{{cite web
| rowspan="3" | Named Flesh-Eating Bats with Fangs<ref>{{cite web
| last = Leemhuis
| last = Leemhuis
| first = Thorsten
| first = Thorsten
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| 2.6.37.6<ref name="2.6.37.6 release">{{cite mailing list |url=http://lkml.iu.edu/hypermail/linux/kernel/1103.3/01699.html |title=Linux 2.6.37.6 |last=Kroah-Hartman |first=Greg |author-link=Greg Kroah-Hartman |date=27 March 2011 |mailing-list=[[LKML]] |access-date=15 February 2015}}</ref>
| 2.6.37.6<ref name="2.6.37.6 release">{{cite mailing list |url=http://lkml.iu.edu/hypermail/linux/kernel/1103.3/01699.html |title=Linux 2.6.37.6 |last=Kroah-Hartman |first=Greg |author-link=Greg Kroah-Hartman |date=27 March 2011 |mailing-list=[[LKML]] |access-date=15 February 2015}}</ref>
| March 2011<ref name="2.6.37.6 release" />
| March 2011<ref name="2.6.37.6 release" />
|
|-
|-
| {{Version|o|2.6.36}}
| {{Version|o|2.6.36}}
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| 2.6.36.4<ref name="2.6.36.4 release">{{cite mailing list |url=http://lkml.iu.edu/hypermail/linux/kernel/1102.2/01003.html |title=Linux 2.6.36.4 |last=Kroah-Hartman |first=Greg |author-link=Greg Kroah-Hartman |date=17 February 2011 |mailing-list=[[LKML]] |access-date=15 February 2015}}</ref>
| 2.6.36.4<ref name="2.6.36.4 release">{{cite mailing list |url=http://lkml.iu.edu/hypermail/linux/kernel/1102.2/01003.html |title=Linux 2.6.36.4 |last=Kroah-Hartman |first=Greg |author-link=Greg Kroah-Hartman |date=17 February 2011 |mailing-list=[[LKML]] |access-date=15 February 2015}}</ref>
| February 2011<ref name="2.6.36.4 release" />
| February 2011<ref name="2.6.36.4 release" />
|
* [[AppArmor]] security module<ref>{{Cite web |title=Linux_2_6_36 - Linux Kernel Newbies |url=https://kernelnewbies.org/Linux_2_6_36 |access-date=2024-10-03 |website=kernelnewbies.org}}</ref>
|-
|-
| {{Version|o|2.6.35}}
| {{Version|o|2.6.35}}
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| Andi Kleen<ref name="LKML 2.6.35-longterm">{{cite mailing list |url=https://lwn.net/Articles/418582/ |title=Plans for 2.6.35-longterm was Re: Linux stable kernel release procedure changes |last=Kleen |first=Andi |date=3 December 2010 |mailing-list=[[LKML]] |access-date=17 May 2013}}</ref>
| Andi Kleen<ref name="LKML 2.6.35-longterm">{{cite mailing list |url=https://lwn.net/Articles/418582/ |title=Plans for 2.6.35-longterm was Re: Linux stable kernel release procedure changes |last=Kleen |first=Andi |date=3 December 2010 |mailing-list=[[LKML]] |access-date=17 May 2013}}</ref>
| March 2012<ref name="LKML 2.6.35-longterm" />
| March 2012<ref name="LKML 2.6.35-longterm" />
|
| 6th LTS release<br />2.6.35.7 was named [[Yokohama]]
| 6th LTS release<br />2.6.35.7 was named [[Yokohama]]
|-
|-
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| Paul Gortmaker<ref name="LKML 2.6.34-longterm">{{cite mailing list |url=http://lkml.iu.edu/hypermail/linux/kernel/1012.0/01338.html |title=Announcement: Plans for v2.6.34-longterm |last=Gortmaker |first=Paul |date=3 December 2010 |mailing-list=[[LKML]] |access-date=17 May 2013}}</ref>
| Paul Gortmaker<ref name="LKML 2.6.34-longterm">{{cite mailing list |url=http://lkml.iu.edu/hypermail/linux/kernel/1012.0/01338.html |title=Announcement: Plans for v2.6.34-longterm |last=Gortmaker |first=Paul |date=3 December 2010 |mailing-list=[[LKML]] |access-date=17 May 2013}}</ref>
| February 2014<ref name="2.6.34.15 release" /><ref name="LKML 2.6.34-longterm" />
| February 2014<ref name="2.6.34.15 release" /><ref name="LKML 2.6.34-longterm" />
|
| 5th LTS release<br />It was named [[Sheep]] on [[Methamphetamine|Meth]]<ref>{{cite web
| 5th LTS release<br />It was named [[Sheep]] on [[Methamphetamine|Meth]]<ref>{{cite web
| url = https://git.kernel.org/cgit/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/commit/?id=01bf0b64579ead8a82e7cfc32ae44bc667e7ad0f
| url = https://git.kernel.org/cgit/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/commit/?id=01bf0b64579ead8a82e7cfc32ae44bc667e7ad0f
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| Greg Kroah-Hartman<ref name="The H Open 2.6.33-longterm">{{cite web |url=http://www.h-online.com/open/features/Kernel-Log-Development-of-2-6-39-under-way-series-33-revived-1212988.html |title=Kernel Log: Development of 2.6.39 under way, series 33 revived |last=Leemhuis |first=Thorsten |date=23 March 2011 |work=The H Open |publisher=[[Heinz Heise]] |access-date=17 May 2013}}</ref>
| Greg Kroah-Hartman<ref name="The H Open 2.6.33-longterm">{{cite web |url=http://www.h-online.com/open/features/Kernel-Log-Development-of-2-6-39-under-way-series-33-revived-1212988.html |title=Kernel Log: Development of 2.6.39 under way, series 33 revived |last=Leemhuis |first=Thorsten |date=23 March 2011 |work=The H Open |publisher=[[Heinz Heise]] |access-date=17 May 2013}}</ref>
| November 2011<ref name="2.6.33.20 release" />
| November 2011<ref name="2.6.33.20 release" />
|
* [[Nouveau (software)|nouveau]] driver<ref>{{Cite web |title=Linux_2_6_33 - Linux Kernel Newbies - 1.1. Nouveau, a driver for Nvidia graphic cards |url=https://kernelnewbies.org/Linux_2_6_33#Nouveau.2C_a_driver_for_Nvidia_graphic_cards |access-date=2024-03-22 |website=kernelnewbies.org}}</ref>
| 4th LTS release. It was the base for real-time-tree, replaced by 3.0.x.<ref name="The H Open 2.6.33-longterm" />
| 4th LTS release. It was the base for real-time-tree, replaced by 3.0.x.<ref name="The H Open 2.6.33-longterm" />
|-
|-
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| Willy Tarreau{{r|ACTIVE}}<ref>{{cite mailing list |url=https://lkml.org/lkml/2012/3/4/141 |title=Re: Linux 2.6.32.58 |last=Tarreau |first=Willy |date=5 March 2012 |mailing-list=[[LKML]] |access-date=12 February 2014}}</ref> {{Nowrap|(formerly Greg Kroah-Hartman)}}<ref name="2.6.32 kernel" /><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.h-online.com/open/news/item/Maintenance-of-Linux-kernel-2-6-32-is-slowing-down-1463957.html |title=Maintenance of Linux kernel 2.6.32 is slowing down |last=Walker-Morgan |first=Dj |date=5 March 2012 |work=The H Open |publisher=[[Heinz Heise]] |access-date=17 May 2013}}</ref>
| Willy Tarreau{{r|ACTIVE}}<ref>{{cite mailing list |url=https://lkml.org/lkml/2012/3/4/141 |title=Re: Linux 2.6.32.58 |last=Tarreau |first=Willy |date=5 March 2012 |mailing-list=[[LKML]] |access-date=12 February 2014}}</ref> {{Nowrap|(formerly Greg Kroah-Hartman)}}<ref name="2.6.32 kernel" /><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.h-online.com/open/news/item/Maintenance-of-Linux-kernel-2-6-32-is-slowing-down-1463957.html |title=Maintenance of Linux kernel 2.6.32 is slowing down |last=Walker-Morgan |first=Dj |date=5 March 2012 |work=The H Open |publisher=[[Heinz Heise]] |access-date=17 May 2013}}</ref>
| March 2016{{r|ACTIVE}}
| March 2016{{r|ACTIVE}}
|
* [[Kernel same-page merging]] (KSM)<ref name="IBM2">{{cite web |title=Anatomy of Linux Kernel Shared Memory |url=http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/linux/library/l-kernel-shared-memory/index.html |url-status=unfit |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160709062356/http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/linux/library/l-kernel-shared-memory/ |archive-date=2016-07-09 |access-date=2010-08-21 |work=IBM Developer |publisher=IBM}}</ref>
| 3rd LTS release, used in [[Debian]]&nbsp;6 ''Squeeze''.<ref>{{cite web |title=Package: linux-image-2.6-686 (2.6.32+29) |url=http://packages.debian.org/squeeze/linux-image-2.6-686 |publisher=Debian.org |access-date=9 July 2014}}</ref> [[Canonical Ltd.|Canonical]] also provided support until April 2015.<ref name="Ubuntu Extended Stable">{{cite web |url=https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Kernel/Dev/ExtendedStable |title=Ubuntu Kernel Team Extended Support |work=[[Ubuntu (operating system)|Ubuntu]] wiki |publisher=[[Canonical Ltd.]] |access-date=30 August 2013}}</ref>
| 3rd LTS release, used in [[Debian]]&nbsp;6 ''Squeeze''.<ref>{{cite web |title=Package: linux-image-2.6-686 (2.6.32+29) |url=http://packages.debian.org/squeeze/linux-image-2.6-686 |publisher=Debian.org |access-date=9 July 2014}}</ref> [[Canonical Ltd.|Canonical]] also provided support until April 2015.<ref name="Ubuntu Extended Stable">{{cite web |url=https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Kernel/Dev/ExtendedStable |title=Ubuntu Kernel Team Extended Support |work=[[Ubuntu (operating system)|Ubuntu]] wiki |publisher=[[Canonical Ltd.]] |access-date=30 August 2013}}</ref>
RHEL 6.x
RHEL 6.x
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| rowspan=4 | Greg Kroah-Hartman
| rowspan=4 | Greg Kroah-Hartman
| July 2010<ref name="2.6.31.14 release" />
| July 2010<ref name="2.6.31.14 release" />
|
* [[USB 3.0]] support<ref>{{Cite web |title=Linux_2_6_31 - Linux Kernel Newbies |url=https://kernelnewbies.org/Linux_2_6_31 |access-date=2024-03-23 |website=kernelnewbies.org}}</ref>
|-
|-
| {{Version|o|2.6.30}}
| {{Version|o|2.6.30}}
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| 2.6.30.9<ref name="2.6.30.9 release">{{cite mailing list |url=http://lkml.iu.edu/hypermail/linux/kernel/0910.0/01918.html |title=Linux 2.6.30.9 |last=Kroah-Hartman |first=Greg |author-link=Greg Kroah-Hartman |date=5 October 2009 |mailing-list=[[LKML]] |access-date=15 February 2015}}</ref>
| 2.6.30.9<ref name="2.6.30.9 release">{{cite mailing list |url=http://lkml.iu.edu/hypermail/linux/kernel/0910.0/01918.html |title=Linux 2.6.30.9 |last=Kroah-Hartman |first=Greg |author-link=Greg Kroah-Hartman |date=5 October 2009 |mailing-list=[[LKML]] |access-date=15 February 2015}}</ref>
| October 2009<ref name="2.6.30.9 release" />
| October 2009<ref name="2.6.30.9 release" />
|
* [[Tomoyo Linux]] security module<ref>{{Cite web |title=Linux_2_6_30 - Linux Kernel Newbies |url=https://kernelnewbies.org/Linux_2_6_30 |access-date=2024-10-03 |website=kernelnewbies.org}}</ref>
| 2.6.30-rc4–2.6.30-rc6 was named
| 2.6.30-rc4–2.6.30-rc6 was named
Vindictive [[Armadillo]]<ref>{{cite web
Vindictive [[Armadillo]]<ref>{{cite web
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| 2.6.29.6<ref name="2.6.29.6 release">{{cite mailing list |url=http://lkml.iu.edu/hypermail/linux/kernel/0907.0/01080.html |title=Linux 2.6.29.6 |last=Kroah-Hartman |first=Greg |author-link=Greg Kroah-Hartman |date=2 July 2009 |mailing-list=[[LKML]] |access-date=15 February 2015}}</ref>
| 2.6.29.6<ref name="2.6.29.6 release">{{cite mailing list |url=http://lkml.iu.edu/hypermail/linux/kernel/0907.0/01080.html |title=Linux 2.6.29.6 |last=Kroah-Hartman |first=Greg |author-link=Greg Kroah-Hartman |date=2 July 2009 |mailing-list=[[LKML]] |access-date=15 February 2015}}</ref>
| July 2009<ref name="2.6.29.6 release" />
| July 2009<ref name="2.6.29.6 release" />
|
* [[Btrfs]] support<ref>{{cite news |last=Wuelfing |first=Britta |date=12 January 2009 |title=Kernel 2.6.29: Corbet Says Btrfs Next Generation Filesystem |url=http://www.linux-magazine.com/Online/News/Kernel-2.6.29-Corbet-Says-Btrfs-Next-Generation-Filesystem |access-date=5 November 2011 |work=[[Linux Magazine]]}}</ref>
| Named Temporary [[Tasmanian Devil]]<ref>{{cite web
| Named Temporary [[Tasmanian Devil]]<ref>{{cite web
| url = http://www.h-online.com/open/news/item/Kernel-Log-Tasmanian-devil-to-be-Linux-s-temporary-mascot-new-Radeon-drivers-740667.html
| url = http://www.h-online.com/open/news/item/Kernel-Log-Tasmanian-devil-to-be-Linux-s-temporary-mascot-new-Radeon-drivers-740667.html
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| 2.6.28.10<ref name="2.6.28.10 release">{{cite mailing list |url=http://lkml.iu.edu/hypermail/linux/kernel/0905.0/00587.html |title=Linux 2.6.28.10 |last=Kroah-Hartman |first=Greg |author-link=Greg Kroah-Hartman |date=2 May 2009 |mailing-list=[[LKML]] |access-date=15 February 2015}}</ref>
| 2.6.28.10<ref name="2.6.28.10 release">{{cite mailing list |url=http://lkml.iu.edu/hypermail/linux/kernel/0905.0/00587.html |title=Linux 2.6.28.10 |last=Kroah-Hartman |first=Greg |author-link=Greg Kroah-Hartman |date=2 May 2009 |mailing-list=[[LKML]] |access-date=15 February 2015}}</ref>
| May 2009<ref name="2.6.28.10 release" />
| May 2009<ref name="2.6.28.10 release" />
|
* [[ext4]] stable support<ref>{{cite web |title=ext4: Rename ext4dev to ext4 |url=https://git.kernel.org/?p=linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux-2.6.git;a=commit;h=03010a3350301baac2154fa66de925ae2981b7e3 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120529150649/http://git.kernel.org/?p=linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux-2.6.git;a=commit;h=03010a3350301baac2154fa66de925ae2981b7e3 |archive-date=29 May 2012 |access-date=2008-10-20 |publisher=Linus' kernel tree}}</ref>
| 2.6.28-rc1–2.6.28-rc6 was named Killer [[Bat]] of Doom<ref>{{cite web
| 2.6.28-rc1–2.6.28-rc6 was named Killer [[Bat]] of Doom<ref>{{cite web
| url = https://lwn.net/Articles/304616/
| url = https://lwn.net/Articles/304616/
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| Willy Tarreau<ref>{{cite mailing list |url=https://lkml.org/lkml/2010/12/12/140 |title=Willy Tarreau is taking over the 2.6.27-longterm kernel release |last=Kroah-Hartman |first=Greg |author-link=Greg Kroah-Hartman |date=12 December 2010 |mailing-list=[[LKML]] |access-date=12 February 2014}}</ref> {{Nowrap|(formerly Adrian Bunk,<ref name="2.6.27 longterm">{{cite mailing list |url=http://lkml.iu.edu/hypermail/linux/kernel/0810.1/1566.html |title=Linux 2.6.27 will be a longtime supported kernel |last=Bunk |first=Adrian |date=11 October 2008 |mailing-list=[[LKML]] |access-date=21 February 2015}}</ref>}} and {{Nowrap|formerly Greg Kroah-Hartman)}}
| Willy Tarreau<ref>{{cite mailing list |url=https://lkml.org/lkml/2010/12/12/140 |title=Willy Tarreau is taking over the 2.6.27-longterm kernel release |last=Kroah-Hartman |first=Greg |author-link=Greg Kroah-Hartman |date=12 December 2010 |mailing-list=[[LKML]] |access-date=12 February 2014}}</ref> {{Nowrap|(formerly Adrian Bunk,<ref name="2.6.27 longterm">{{cite mailing list |url=http://lkml.iu.edu/hypermail/linux/kernel/0810.1/1566.html |title=Linux 2.6.27 will be a longtime supported kernel |last=Bunk |first=Adrian |date=11 October 2008 |mailing-list=[[LKML]] |access-date=21 February 2015}}</ref>}} and {{Nowrap|formerly Greg Kroah-Hartman)}}
| March 2012<ref name="2.6.27 longterm" />
| March 2012<ref name="2.6.27 longterm" />
|
| 2nd LTS release<br />2.6.27.3 was named Trembling [[Tortoise]]<ref>{{cite web
| 2nd LTS release<br />2.6.27.3 was named Trembling [[Tortoise]]<ref>{{cite web
| url = https://gitorious.org/mer-meego/mer-meego-kernel/commit/c9a753e1243428681e0213dfb72404894b72dcda
| url = https://gitorious.org/mer-meego/mer-meego-kernel/commit/c9a753e1243428681e0213dfb72404894b72dcda
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| rowspan=10 | Greg Kroah-Hartman
| rowspan=10 | Greg Kroah-Hartman
| November 2008<ref name="2.6.26.8 release" />
| November 2008<ref name="2.6.26.8 release" />
|
| 2.6.26–2.6.27 was named Rotary [[Wombat]]<ref>{{cite web
| 2.6.26–2.6.27 was named Rotary [[Wombat]]<ref>{{cite web
| url = https://git.kernel.org/cgit/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/commit/?id=5dd34572ad9a3be430632dd42e4af2ea370b397b
| url = https://git.kernel.org/cgit/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/commit/?id=5dd34572ad9a3be430632dd42e4af2ea370b397b
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| 2.6.25.20<ref name="2.6.25.20 release">{{cite mailing list |url=http://lkml.iu.edu/hypermail/linux/kernel/0811.1/00748.html |title=Linux 2.6.25.20 |last=Kroah-Hartman |first=Greg |author-link=Greg Kroah-Hartman |date=10 November 2008 |mailing-list=[[LKML]] |access-date=21 February 2015}}</ref>
| 2.6.25.20<ref name="2.6.25.20 release">{{cite mailing list |url=http://lkml.iu.edu/hypermail/linux/kernel/0811.1/00748.html |title=Linux 2.6.25.20 |last=Kroah-Hartman |first=Greg |author-link=Greg Kroah-Hartman |date=10 November 2008 |mailing-list=[[LKML]] |access-date=21 February 2015}}</ref>
| November 2008<ref name="2.6.25.20 release" />
| November 2008<ref name="2.6.25.20 release" />
|
* [[Smack (software)|Smack]] Linux security module<ref>{{Cite web |title=More stuff for 2.6.25 [LWN.net] |url=https://lwn.net/Articles/267849/ |access-date=2024-10-03 |website=lwn.net}}</ref>
| Named Funky Weasel is Jiggy wit it<ref>{{cite web
| Named Funky Weasel is Jiggy wit it<ref>{{cite web
| url = https://git.kernel.org/cgit/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/commit/?id=101142c37be8e5af9b847860219217e6b958c739
| url = https://git.kernel.org/cgit/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/commit/?id=101142c37be8e5af9b847860219217e6b958c739
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| 2.6.24.7<ref name="2.6.24.7 release">{{cite mailing list |url=http://lkml.iu.edu/hypermail/linux/kernel/0805.0/3106.html |title=Linux 2.6.24.7 |last=Kroah-Hartman |first=Greg |author-link=Greg Kroah-Hartman |date=6 May 2008 |mailing-list=[[LKML]] |access-date=21 February 2015}}</ref>
| 2.6.24.7<ref name="2.6.24.7 release">{{cite mailing list |url=http://lkml.iu.edu/hypermail/linux/kernel/0805.0/3106.html |title=Linux 2.6.24.7 |last=Kroah-Hartman |first=Greg |author-link=Greg Kroah-Hartman |date=6 May 2008 |mailing-list=[[LKML]] |access-date=21 February 2015}}</ref>
| May 2008<ref name="2.6.24.7 release" />
| May 2008<ref name="2.6.24.7 release" />
|
| rowspan=2 | 2.6.23-rc4–2.6.23-rc6 was named Pink Farting Weasel<ref>{{cite web
* [[cgroups]] support<ref name="lwn-notes">{{Cite news |author=Jonathan Corbet |date=29 October 2007 |title=Notes from a container |url=http://lwn.net/Articles/256389/ |access-date=2015-04-14 |publisher=[[LWN.net]] |quote=The original 'containers' name was considered to be too generic – this code is an important part of a container solution, but it's far from the whole thing. So containers have now been renamed 'control groups' (or 'cgroups') and merged for 2.6.24.}}</ref>
| rowspan="2" | 2.6.23-rc4–2.6.23-rc6 was named Pink Farting Weasel<ref>{{cite web
| author = corbet
| author = corbet
| url = https://lwn.net/Articles/247236/
| url = https://lwn.net/Articles/247236/
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| 2.6.23.17<ref name="2.6.23.17 release">{{cite mailing list |url=http://lkml.iu.edu/hypermail/linux/kernel/0802.3/0772.html |title=Linux 2.6.23.17 |last=Kroah-Hartman |first=Greg |author-link=Greg Kroah-Hartman |date=25 February 2008 |mailing-list=[[LKML]] |access-date=22 February 2015}}</ref>
| 2.6.23.17<ref name="2.6.23.17 release">{{cite mailing list |url=http://lkml.iu.edu/hypermail/linux/kernel/0802.3/0772.html |title=Linux 2.6.23.17 |last=Kroah-Hartman |first=Greg |author-link=Greg Kroah-Hartman |date=25 February 2008 |mailing-list=[[LKML]] |access-date=22 February 2015}}</ref>
| February 2008<ref name="2.6.23.17 release" />
| February 2008<ref name="2.6.23.17 release" />
|
* [[Completely Fair Scheduler|CFS]] process scheduler<ref>{{Cite web |title=Linux_2_6_23 - Linux Kernel Newbies |url=https://kernelnewbies.org/Linux_2_6_23 |access-date=2024-03-22 |website=kernelnewbies.org}}</ref>
|-
|-
| {{Version|o|2.6.22}}
| {{Version|o|2.6.22}}
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| 2.6.22.19<ref name="2.6.22.19 release">{{cite mailing list |url=http://lkml.iu.edu/hypermail/linux/kernel/0802.3/0774.html |title=Linux 2.6.22.19 |last=Kroah-Hartman |first=Greg |author-link=Greg Kroah-Hartman |date=25 February 2008 |mailing-list=[[LKML]] |access-date=22 February 2015}}</ref>
| 2.6.22.19<ref name="2.6.22.19 release">{{cite mailing list |url=http://lkml.iu.edu/hypermail/linux/kernel/0802.3/0774.html |title=Linux 2.6.22.19 |last=Kroah-Hartman |first=Greg |author-link=Greg Kroah-Hartman |date=25 February 2008 |mailing-list=[[LKML]] |access-date=22 February 2015}}</ref>
| February 2008<ref name="2.6.22.19 release" />
| February 2008<ref name="2.6.22.19 release" />
|
* New [[IEEE 802.11|802.11]] (Wi-Fi) stack<ref name=":30">{{Cite web |title=Linux_2_6_22 - Linux Kernel Newbies |url=https://kernelnewbies.org/Linux_2_6_22 |access-date=2024-05-27 |website=kernelnewbies.org}}</ref>
* [[SLUB (software)|SLUB]] memory allocator<ref name=":30" />
| 2.6.22-rc3–2.6.22-rc4 was named Jeff Thinks I Should Change This, But To What?<br />
| 2.6.22-rc3–2.6.22-rc4 was named Jeff Thinks I Should Change This, But To What?<br />
2.6.22-rc5–2.6.22 was named Holy Dancing [[Manatee]]s, [[Batman]]!<ref>{{cite web |url=http://fossies.org/linux/misc/openswan-2.6.39.tar.gz:a/openswan-2.6.39/patches/kernel/2.6.22/saref.patch |title = Openswan-2.6.39.tar.gz: .../Kernel/2.6.22/Saref.patch &#124; Fossies Archi… |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130912150822/http://fossies.org/linux/misc/openswan-2.6.39.tar.gz:a/openswan-2.6.39/patches/kernel/2.6.22/saref.patch |archive-date=12 September 2013 |url-status=dead}}</ref>
2.6.22-rc5–2.6.22 was named Holy Dancing [[Manatee]]s, [[Batman]]!<ref>{{cite web |url=http://fossies.org/linux/misc/openswan-2.6.39.tar.gz:a/openswan-2.6.39/patches/kernel/2.6.22/saref.patch |title = Openswan-2.6.39.tar.gz: .../Kernel/2.6.22/Saref.patch &#124; Fossies Archi… |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130912150822/http://fossies.org/linux/misc/openswan-2.6.39.tar.gz:a/openswan-2.6.39/patches/kernel/2.6.22/saref.patch |archive-date=12 September 2013 |url-status=dead}}</ref>
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| 2.6.21.7<ref name="2.6.21.7 release">{{cite mailing list |url=http://lkml.iu.edu/hypermail/linux/kernel/0708.0/1438.html |title=Linux 2.6.21.7 |last=Kroah-Hartman |first=Greg |author-link=Greg Kroah-Hartman |date=4 August 2007 |mailing-list=[[LKML]] |access-date=22 February 2015}}</ref>
| 2.6.21.7<ref name="2.6.21.7 release">{{cite mailing list |url=http://lkml.iu.edu/hypermail/linux/kernel/0708.0/1438.html |title=Linux 2.6.21.7 |last=Kroah-Hartman |first=Greg |author-link=Greg Kroah-Hartman |date=4 August 2007 |mailing-list=[[LKML]] |access-date=22 February 2015}}</ref>
| August 2007<ref name="2.6.21.7 release" />
| August 2007<ref name="2.6.21.7 release" />
|
* [[General-purpose input/output|GPIO]] support<ref name=":27">{{Cite web |title=Linux_2_6_21 - Linux Kernel Newbies |url=https://kernelnewbies.org/Linux_2_6_21 |access-date=2024-05-27 |website=kernelnewbies.org}}</ref>
* [[Tickless kernel|Dynticks]]<ref name=":27" />
| Named Nocturnal Monster [[Puppy]]<ref name=a>{{cite web
| Named Nocturnal Monster [[Puppy]]<ref name=a>{{cite web
| url = https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/commit/?id=c420bc9f09a0926b708c3edb27eacba434a4f4ba
| url = https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/commit/?id=c420bc9f09a0926b708c3edb27eacba434a4f4ba
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| 2.6.20.21<ref name="2.6.20.21 release">{{cite mailing list |url=http://lkml.iu.edu/hypermail/linux/kernel/0710.2/0891.html |title=Linux 2.6.20.21 |last=Tarreau |first=Willy |date=17 October 2007 |mailing-list=[[LKML]] |access-date=22 February 2015}}</ref>
| 2.6.20.21<ref name="2.6.20.21 release">{{cite mailing list |url=http://lkml.iu.edu/hypermail/linux/kernel/0710.2/0891.html |title=Linux 2.6.20.21 |last=Tarreau |first=Willy |date=17 October 2007 |mailing-list=[[LKML]] |access-date=22 February 2015}}</ref>
| October 2007<ref name="2.6.20.21 release" />
| October 2007<ref name="2.6.20.21 release" />
|
* [[Kernel-based Virtual Machine]] (KVM)<ref>{{Cite web |title=Linux_2_6_20 - Linux Kernel Newbies |url=https://kernelnewbies.org/Linux_2_6_20 |access-date=2024-05-24 |website=kernelnewbies.org}}</ref>
| Named Homicidal [[Phodopus|Dwarf Hamster]]<ref>{{cite web
| Named Homicidal [[Phodopus|Dwarf Hamster]]<ref>{{cite web
| author = corbet
| author = corbet
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| 2.6.19.7<ref name="2.6.19.7 release">{{cite mailing list |url=http://lkml.iu.edu/hypermail/linux/kernel/0703.0/0965.html |title=Linux 2.6.19.7 |last=Kroah-Hartman |first=Greg |author-link=Greg Kroah-Hartman |date=3 March 2007 |mailing-list=[[LKML]] |access-date=22 February 2015}}</ref>
| 2.6.19.7<ref name="2.6.19.7 release">{{cite mailing list |url=http://lkml.iu.edu/hypermail/linux/kernel/0703.0/0965.html |title=Linux 2.6.19.7 |last=Kroah-Hartman |first=Greg |author-link=Greg Kroah-Hartman |date=3 March 2007 |mailing-list=[[LKML]] |access-date=22 February 2015}}</ref>
| March 2007<ref name="2.6.19.7 release" />
| March 2007<ref name="2.6.19.7 release" />
|
| rowspan=2 | Named Avast! A [[bilge]] [[rat]]! ([[International Talk Like a Pirate Day|TLAPD]] 2006)<ref>{{cite web
* [[Advanced Host Controller Interface|AHCI]] support<ref>{{cite web |title=Serial ATA (SATA) Linux hardware/driver status report |url=http://linux-ata.org/driver-status.html#ahci |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070312010549/http://linux-ata.org/driver-status.html#ahci |archive-date=2007-03-12 |access-date=2010-01-26 |website=linux-ata.org}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Linux_2_6_19 - Linux Kernel Newbies |url=https://kernelnewbies.org/Linux_2_6_19 |access-date=2024-05-24 |website=kernelnewbies.org}}</ref>

* [[GFS2]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=Linux_2_6_19 - Linux Kernel Newbies |url=https://kernelnewbies.org/Linux_2_6_19#GFS2 |access-date=2024-03-18 |website=kernelnewbies.org}}</ref>
| rowspan="2" | Named Avast! A [[bilge]] [[rat]]! ([[International Talk Like a Pirate Day|TLAPD]] 2006)<ref>{{cite web
| url = http://people.redhat.com/mingo/exec-shield/exec-shield-nx-2.6.19.patch
| url = http://people.redhat.com/mingo/exec-shield/exec-shield-nx-2.6.19.patch
| title = Shield Patch
| title = Shield Patch
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| February 2007<ref name="2.6.18.8 release" />
| February 2007<ref name="2.6.18.8 release" />
2.6.18: RHEL 5.x
2.6.18: RHEL 5.x
|
* [[Native Command Queuing|NCQ]] and SATA [[hotplug]] support<ref>{{Cite web |title=Linux_2_6_18 - Linux Kernel Newbies |url=https://kernelnewbies.org/Linux_2_6_18 |access-date=2024-05-24 |website=kernelnewbies.org}}</ref>
|-
|-
| {{Version|o|2.6.17}}
| {{Version|o|2.6.17}}
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| 2.6.17.14<ref name="2.6.17.14 release">{{cite mailing list |url=http://lkml.iu.edu/hypermail/linux/kernel/0610.2/0295.html |title=Linux 2.6.17.14 |last=Kroah-Hartman |first=Greg |author-link=Greg Kroah-Hartman |date=16 October 2006 |mailing-list=[[LKML]] |access-date=22 February 2015}}</ref>
| 2.6.17.14<ref name="2.6.17.14 release">{{cite mailing list |url=http://lkml.iu.edu/hypermail/linux/kernel/0610.2/0295.html |title=Linux 2.6.17.14 |last=Kroah-Hartman |first=Greg |author-link=Greg Kroah-Hartman |date=16 October 2006 |mailing-list=[[LKML]] |access-date=22 February 2015}}</ref>
| October 2006<ref name="2.6.17.14 release" />
| October 2006<ref name="2.6.17.14 release" />
|
* [[Splice (system call)|splice()]]<ref name=":02">{{cite web |date=2006-04-21 |title=Linux: Explaining splice() and tee() |url=http://kerneltrap.org/node/6505 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130521163124/http://kerneltrap.org/node/6505 |archivedate=2013-05-21 |accessdate=2014-04-27 |publisher=kerneltrap.org}}</ref>
| 2.6.17-rc5 was named [[Lordi]] Rules<ref>{{cite web
| 2.6.17-rc5 was named [[Lordi]] Rules<ref>{{cite web
| url = https://git.kernel.org/cgit/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/commit/?id=a8bd60705aa17a998516837d9c1e503ad4cbd7fc&id2=4f3a151a11da3351e2149a401d4ee18426938de7
| url = https://git.kernel.org/cgit/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/commit/?id=a8bd60705aa17a998516837d9c1e503ad4cbd7fc&id2=4f3a151a11da3351e2149a401d4ee18426938de7
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| Adrian Bunk<ref>{{cite mailing list |url=https://lkml.org/lkml/2006/8/3/271 |title=Adrian Bunk is now taking over the 2.6.16-stable branch |last=Kroah-Hartman |first=Greg |author-link=Greg Kroah-Hartman |date=3 August 2006 |mailing-list=[[LKML]] |access-date=12 February 2014}}</ref> {{Nowrap|(formerly Greg Kroah-Hartman)}}<ref name="2.6.32 kernel">{{cite web |url=http://www.kroah.com/log/linux/2.6.32-stable.html |title=The 2.6.32 Linux kernel |last=Kroah-Hartman |first=Greg |author-link=Greg Kroah-Hartman |date=8 March 2012 |access-date=1 June 2013}}</ref>
| Adrian Bunk<ref>{{cite mailing list |url=https://lkml.org/lkml/2006/8/3/271 |title=Adrian Bunk is now taking over the 2.6.16-stable branch |last=Kroah-Hartman |first=Greg |author-link=Greg Kroah-Hartman |date=3 August 2006 |mailing-list=[[LKML]] |access-date=12 February 2014}}</ref> {{Nowrap|(formerly Greg Kroah-Hartman)}}<ref name="2.6.32 kernel">{{cite web |url=http://www.kroah.com/log/linux/2.6.32-stable.html |title=The 2.6.32 Linux kernel |last=Kroah-Hartman |first=Greg |author-link=Greg Kroah-Hartman |date=8 March 2012 |access-date=1 June 2013}}</ref>
| July 2008<ref name="2.6.16-longterm">{{cite mailing list |url=http://lkml.iu.edu/hypermail/linux/kernel/0608.0/1111.html |title=Adrian Bunk is now taking over the 2.6.16-stable branch |last=Kroah-Hartman |first=Greg |author-link=Greg Kroah-Hartman |date=3 August 2006 |mailing-list=[[LKML]] |access-date=21 February 2015}}</ref><ref name="2.6.16.62 release" />
| July 2008<ref name="2.6.16-longterm">{{cite mailing list |url=http://lkml.iu.edu/hypermail/linux/kernel/0608.0/1111.html |title=Adrian Bunk is now taking over the 2.6.16-stable branch |last=Kroah-Hartman |first=Greg |author-link=Greg Kroah-Hartman |date=3 August 2006 |mailing-list=[[LKML]] |access-date=21 February 2015}}</ref><ref name="2.6.16.62 release" />
|
* [[OCFS2]] support<ref name=":31">{{Cite web |title=Linux_2_6_16 - Linux Kernel Newbies |url=https://kernelnewbies.org/Linux_2_6_16 |access-date=2024-05-24 |website=kernelnewbies.org}}</ref>
* [[SLOB]] memory allocator<ref name=":31" />
| 1st LTS release<br />2.6.16.28-rc2 was named Stable [[Penguin]]
| 1st LTS release<br />2.6.16.28-rc2 was named Stable [[Penguin]]
|-
|-
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| rowspan=5 | [[Greg Kroah-Hartman]]
| rowspan=5 | [[Greg Kroah-Hartman]]
| May 2006<ref name="2.6.15.7 release" />
| May 2006<ref name="2.6.15.7 release" />
|
* [[Self-Monitoring, Analysis and Reporting Technology|S.M.A.R.T.]] support<ref>{{Cite web |title=Linux_2_6_15 - Linux Kernel Newbies |url=https://kernelnewbies.org/Linux_2_6_15 |access-date=2024-05-24 |website=kernelnewbies.org}}</ref>
| Named Sliding [[Snow Leopard]]<ref>{{cite web
| Named Sliding [[Snow Leopard]]<ref>{{cite web
| url = http://linux.derkeiler.com/Mailing-Lists/Kernel/2006-04/msg03059.html
| url = http://linux.derkeiler.com/Mailing-Lists/Kernel/2006-04/msg03059.html
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| 2.6.14.7<ref name="2.6.14.7 release">{{cite mailing list |url=http://lkml.iu.edu/hypermail/linux/kernel/0601.3/2287.html |title=Linux 2.6.14.7 |last=Kroah-Hartman |first=Greg |author-link=Greg Kroah-Hartman |date=31 January 2006 |mailing-list=[[LKML]] |access-date=28 February 2015}}</ref>
| 2.6.14.7<ref name="2.6.14.7 release">{{cite mailing list |url=http://lkml.iu.edu/hypermail/linux/kernel/0601.3/2287.html |title=Linux 2.6.14.7 |last=Kroah-Hartman |first=Greg |author-link=Greg Kroah-Hartman |date=31 January 2006 |mailing-list=[[LKML]] |access-date=28 February 2015}}</ref>
| January 2006<ref name="2.6.14.7 release" />
| January 2006<ref name="2.6.14.7 release" />
|
* [[Filesystem in Userspace|FUSE]] support<ref>{{Cite web |title=Linux_2_6_14 - Linux Kernel Newbies |url=https://kernelnewbies.org/Linux_2_6_14 |access-date=2024-05-24 |website=kernelnewbies.org}}</ref>
| Named Affluent [[Albatross]]<ref>{{cite web
| Named Affluent [[Albatross]]<ref>{{cite web
| url = https://lkml.org/lkml/2005/12/26/133
| url = https://lkml.org/lkml/2005/12/26/133
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| 2.6.13.5<ref name="2.6.13.5 release">{{cite mailing list |url=http://lkml.iu.edu/hypermail/linux/kernel/0512.1/2520.html |title=Linux 2.6.13.5 |last=Kroah-Hartman |first=Greg |author-link=Greg Kroah-Hartman |date=15 December 2005 |mailing-list=[[LKML]] |access-date=28 February 2015}}</ref>
| 2.6.13.5<ref name="2.6.13.5 release">{{cite mailing list |url=http://lkml.iu.edu/hypermail/linux/kernel/0512.1/2520.html |title=Linux 2.6.13.5 |last=Kroah-Hartman |first=Greg |author-link=Greg Kroah-Hartman |date=15 December 2005 |mailing-list=[[LKML]] |access-date=28 February 2015}}</ref>
| December 2005<ref name="2.6.13.5 release" />
| December 2005<ref name="2.6.13.5 release" />
|
| rowspan=3 | Named Woozy [[Numbat]]<ref>{{cite web
| rowspan="3" | Named Woozy [[Numbat]]<ref>{{cite web
| url = http://www.ciol.com/ciol/news/35712/woozy-numbat-released
| url = http://www.ciol.com/ciol/news/35712/woozy-numbat-released
| title = 'Woozy Numbat' released!
| title = 'Woozy Numbat' released!
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| 2.6.12.6<ref name="2.6.12.6 release">{{cite mailing list |url=http://lkml.iu.edu/hypermail/linux/kernel/0508.3/1227.html |title=Linux 2.6.12.6 |last=Wright |first=Chris |date=29 August 2005 |mailing-list=[[LKML]] |access-date=28 February 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://kernelnewbies.org/Linux_2_6_12|title=Linux_2_6_12 - Linux Kernel Newbies|website=kernelnewbies.org}}</ref>
| 2.6.12.6<ref name="2.6.12.6 release">{{cite mailing list |url=http://lkml.iu.edu/hypermail/linux/kernel/0508.3/1227.html |title=Linux 2.6.12.6 |last=Wright |first=Chris |date=29 August 2005 |mailing-list=[[LKML]] |access-date=28 February 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://kernelnewbies.org/Linux_2_6_12|title=Linux_2_6_12 - Linux Kernel Newbies|website=kernelnewbies.org}}</ref>
| August 2005<ref name="2.6.12.6 release" />
| August 2005<ref name="2.6.12.6 release" />
|
|-
|-
| {{Version|o|2.6.11}}
| {{Version|o|2.6.11}}
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| 2.6.11.12<ref name="2.6.11.12 release">{{cite mailing list |url=http://lkml.iu.edu/hypermail/linux/kernel/0506.1/1030.html |title=Linux 2.6.11.12 |last=Wright |first=Chris |date=12 June 2005 |mailing-list=[[LKML]] |access-date=28 February 2015}}</ref>
| 2.6.11.12<ref name="2.6.11.12 release">{{cite mailing list |url=http://lkml.iu.edu/hypermail/linux/kernel/0506.1/1030.html |title=Linux 2.6.11.12 |last=Wright |first=Chris |date=12 June 2005 |mailing-list=[[LKML]] |access-date=28 February 2015}}</ref>
| June 2005<ref name="2.6.11.12 release" />
| June 2005<ref name="2.6.11.12 release" />
|
|-
| {{Version|o|2.6.10}}
|{{dts|format=dmy|2004|12|24}}<ref>{{Cite web |title=Linux-Kernel Archive: Ho ho ho - Linux v2.6.10 |url=https://lkml.iu.edu/hypermail/linux/kernel/0412.3/0072.html |access-date=2024-05-24 |website=lkml.iu.edu}}</ref>
|
|
|
|
* Switchable and modular I/O schedulers<ref>{{Cite web |title=Linux_2_6_10 - Linux Kernel Newbies |url=https://kernelnewbies.org/Linux_2_6_10 |access-date=2024-05-24 |website=kernelnewbies.org}}</ref>
|
|-
| {{Version|o|2.6.9}}
|{{dts|format=dmy|2004|10|19}}<ref>{{Cite web |title=Linux-Kernel Archive: Linux v2.6.9... |url=https://lkml.iu.edu/hypermail/linux/kernel/0410.2/0578.html |access-date=2024-05-24 |website=lkml.iu.edu}}</ref>
|
|
|
|
|
|-
| {{Version|o|2.6.8}}
|{{dts|format=dmy|2004|08|14}}<ref>{{Cite web |title=Linux v2.6.8 [LWN.net] |url=https://lwn.net/Articles/97899/ |access-date=2024-05-24 |website=lwn.net}}</ref>
|
|
|
|
|
|-
| {{Version|o|2.6.7}}
|{{dts|format=dmy|2004|06|16}}<ref>{{Cite web |title=Linux 2.6.7 [LWN.net] |url=https://lwn.net/Articles/89720/ |access-date=2024-05-24 |website=lwn.net}}</ref>
|
|
|
|
|
|-
| {{Version|o|2.6.6}}
|{{dts|format=dmy|2004|05|10}}<ref>{{Cite web |title=Linux-Kernel Archive: Linux 2.6.6 |url=https://lkml.iu.edu/hypermail/linux/kernel/0405.1/0211.html |access-date=2024-05-24 |website=lkml.iu.edu}}</ref>
|
|
|
|
* [[Completely fair queueing|CFQ]] I/O scheduler<ref name=":22">{{Cite web |title=Linux_2_6_6 - Linux Kernel Newbies |url=https://kernelnewbies.org/Linux_2_6_6 |access-date=2024-05-24 |website=kernelnewbies.org}}</ref>
* Laptop mode<ref name=":22" />
|
|-
| {{Version|o|2.6.5}}
|{{dts|format=dmy|2004|04|04}}<ref>{{Cite web |title=Linux-Kernel Archive: Linux v2.6.5 |url=https://lkml.iu.edu/hypermail/linux/kernel/0404.0/0696.html |access-date=2024-05-24 |website=lkml.iu.edu}}</ref>
|
|
|
|
* Adaptive lazy [[readahead]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=Linux_2_6_5 - Linux Kernel Newbies |url=https://kernelnewbies.org/Linux_2_6_5 |access-date=2024-05-24 |website=kernelnewbies.org}}</ref>
|
|-
| {{Version|o|2.6.4}}
|{{dts|format=dmy|2004|03|11}}<ref>{{Cite web |title=Linux 2.6.4 [LWN.net] |url=https://lwn.net/Articles/75399/ |access-date=2024-05-24 |website=lwn.net}}</ref>
|
|
|
|
* Intel [[x86-64]] support<ref name=":21">{{Cite web |title=Linux_2_6_4 - Linux Kernel Newbies |url=https://kernelnewbies.org/Linux_2_6_4 |access-date=2024-05-24 |website=kernelnewbies.org}}</ref>
* [[ARMv6]] support<ref name=":21" />
* Virtual console UTF-8 mode support<ref name=":21" />
|
|-
| {{Version|o|2.6.3}}
|{{dts|format=dmy|2004|02|18}}<ref>{{Cite web |title=Linux 2.6.3 [LWN.net] |url=https://lwn.net/Articles/71670/ |access-date=2024-05-24 |website=lwn.net}}</ref>
|
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|
* [[Power Mac G5]] support<ref>{{Cite web |title=Linux_2_6_3 - Linux Kernel Newbies |url=https://kernelnewbies.org/Linux_2_6_3 |access-date=2024-05-24 |website=kernelnewbies.org}}</ref>
|
|-
| {{Version|o|2.6.2}}
|{{dts|format=dmy|2004|02|04}}<ref>{{Cite web |title=Linux 2.6.2 aka "Feisty Dunnart" [LWN.net] |url=https://lwn.net/Articles/69508/ |access-date=2024-05-24 |website=lwn.net}}</ref>
|
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|
* [[RAID 6]] support<ref>{{Cite web |title=Linux_2_6_2 - Linux Kernel Newbies |url=https://kernelnewbies.org/Linux_2_6_2 |access-date=2024-05-23 |website=kernelnewbies.org}}</ref>
|
|-
| {{Version|o|2.6.1}}
|{{dts|format=dmy|2004|01|09}}<ref>{{Cite web |title=Linux-2.6.1 [LWN.net] |url=https://lwn.net/Articles/65713/ |access-date=2024-05-24 |website=lwn.net}}</ref>
|
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* [[Extensible Firmware Interface|EFI]] support<ref>{{Cite web |title=Linux_2_6_1 - Linux Kernel Newbies |url=https://kernelnewbies.org/Linux_2_6_1 |access-date=2024-05-23 |website=kernelnewbies.org}}</ref>
|
|-
|-
| {{Version|o|2.6}}
| {{Version|o|2.6}}
| {{dts|format=dmy|2003|12|17}}<ref name="2.6.0 release">{{cite mailing list |url=http://lkml.iu.edu/hypermail/linux/kernel/0312.2/0348.html |title=Linux 2.6.0 |last=Torvalds |first=Linus |author-link=Linus Torvalds |date=17 December 2003 |mailing-list=[[LKML]] |access-date=28 February 2015}}</ref>
| {{dts|format=dmy|2003|12|17}}<ref name="2.6.0 release">{{cite mailing list |url=http://lkml.iu.edu/hypermail/linux/kernel/0312.2/0348.html |title=Linux 2.6.0 |last=Torvalds |first=Linus |author-link=Linus Torvalds |date=17 December 2003 |mailing-list=[[LKML]] |access-date=28 February 2015}}</ref>
|
| 2.6.10<ref name="2.6.10 release">{{cite mailing list |url=http://lkml.iu.edu/hypermail/linux/kernel/0412.3/0072.html |title=Ho ho ho - Linux v2.6.10 |last=Torvalds |first=Linus |author-link=Linus Torvalds |date=24 December 2004 |mailing-list=[[LKML]] |access-date=28 February 2015}}</ref>
| [[Linus Torvalds]]
| [[Linus Torvalds]]
| December 2004<ref name="2.6.10 release">{{cite mailing list |last=Torvalds |first=Linus |title=Ho ho ho - Linux v2.6.10 |mailing-list=[[LKML]] |date=24 December 2004 |url=http://lkml.iu.edu/hypermail/linux/kernel/0412.3/0072.html |access-date=28 February 2015 |author-link=Linus Torvalds}}</ref>
| December 2004<ref name="2.6.10 release" />
|
* [[O(1) scheduler]]<ref name=":7">{{Cite web |title=Introducing the 2.6 Kernel {{!}} Linux Journal |url=https://www.linuxjournal.com/article/6530 |access-date=2024-03-22 |website=www.linuxjournal.com}}</ref>
* [[Preemption (computing)|Preemption]] (2.5.4)<ref>{{cite web |title=Release notes for v2.5.4 |url=https://cdn.kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel/v2.5/ChangeLog-2.5.4 |access-date=2021-07-03 |website=The Linux Kernel Archives |publisher=Linux Kernel Organization, Inc.}}</ref>
* [[Advanced Linux Sound Architecture]] (ALSA)<ref name=":7" />
* [[Security-Enhanced Linux|SELinux]] security module<ref>{{Cite web |title=SELinux Security - Documentation |url=https://docs.rockylinux.org/guides/security/learning_selinux/ |access-date=2024-10-03 |website=docs.rockylinux.org}}</ref>
| 2.6.2–2.6.4 was named Feisty [[Dunnart]]<ref>{{cite web
| 2.6.2–2.6.4 was named Feisty [[Dunnart]]<ref>{{cite web
| url = https://lwn.net/Articles/74029/
| url = https://lwn.net/Articles/74029/
| title = kpatchup 0.02 kernel patching script
| title = kpatchup 0.02 kernel patching script
| publisher = LWN.net
| publisher = LWN.net
| access-date = 2013-09-12}}</ref><br />
| access-date = 2013-09-12}}</ref><br />2.6.5–2.6.9 was named Zonked [[Quokka]]<ref>{{cite web
2.6.5–2.6.9 was named Zonked [[Quokka]]<ref>{{cite web
| url = http://michael-prokop.at/blog/2004/09/14/usb/
| url = http://michael-prokop.at/blog/2004/09/14/usb/
| title = mikas blog » Blog Archive » Zonked Quokka and USB
| title = mikas blog » Blog Archive » Zonked Quokka and USB
| publisher = michael-prokop.at
| publisher = michael-prokop.at
| date = 2004-09-14
| date = 2004-09-14
| access-date = 2013-09-12}}</ref>
| access-date = 2013-09-12}}</ref>2.6.9: RHEL 4.x
The 2.5 kernels were development kernels<ref name=":25">{{Cite web |title=Active kernel releases |url=https://www.kernel.org/releases.html |access-date=2024-05-27 |website=www.kernel.org}}</ref>

2.6.9: RHEL 4.x
|-
|-
| colspan="6" | <small>{{Version|l|show=110000}}</small>
| colspan="7" | <small>{{Version|l|show=110000}}</small>
|}
|}


==Releases up to 2.6.0==
==Releases before 2.6.0==
{| class="wikitable mw-collapsible"
{| class="wikitable mw-collapsible"
|-
|-
Line 2,107: Line 2,534:
! Maintainer
! Maintainer
! {{abbr|EOL|End of Life}}
! {{abbr|EOL|End of Life}}
!Prominent features
! Notes
! Notes
|-
|-
Line 2,114: Line 2,542:
| Willy Tarreau (formerly Marcelo Tosatti)
| Willy Tarreau (formerly Marcelo Tosatti)
| December 2011<ref name="2.4.37.11 release" />
| December 2011<ref name="2.4.37.11 release" />
|
| Named ''Greased [[Turkey (bird)|Turkey]]''<ref>{{cite web
* [[JFS (file system)|JFS]] support (2.4.24)<ref name=":5">{{Cite web |title=Man page of FILESYSTEMS |url=https://sites.uclouvain.be/SystInfo/manpages/man5/filesystems.5.html |access-date=2024-03-16 |website=sites.uclouvain.be}}</ref>
| url = http://lkml.indiana.edu/hypermail/linux/kernel/0111.2/1610.html

| title = Linux-Kernel Archive: Re: 2.4.15-greased-turkey ???
* [[XFS]] support (2.4.20)<ref name=":5" />
| publisher = lkml.indiana.edu
* [[ext3]] support (2.4.15)<ref>{{cite web |author=Rob Radez |date=November 23, 2001 |title=2.4.15-final |url=http://marc.info/?l=linux-kernel&m=100650331813822&w=2 |work=Linux kernel mailing list}}</ref>
| date = 2001-11-23

| access-date = 2013-09-12}}</ref><br />last stable release of the 2.4 kernel series.
* [[ReiserFS]] support (2.4.1)<ref name=":5" />
2.4.9: RHEL 2.1<br>2.4.21: RHEL 3.x
* [[tmpfs]] support<ref name=":6">{{cite web |author=Daniel Robbins |author-link=Daniel Robbins (computer programmer) |date=2001-09-01 |title=Common threads: Advanced filesystem implementor's guide, Part 3 |url=http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/library/l-fs3/index.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120203112045/http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/library/l-fs3/index.html |archive-date=2012-02-03 |access-date=2013-02-15 |publisher=IBM DeveloperWorks}}</ref>
* [[GFS2|GFS]] support<ref name=":6" />
* [[Netfilter]] (2.3.15)<ref name=":03">[[Harald Welte]], [https://netdevconf.info/2.2/slides/welte-netfilterhistory-keynote.pdf netfilter archeology: 18 years from 2.3 to 4.x], 5 December 2017</ref>
|
The 2.3 kernels were development kernels<ref name=":25" /><br />
2.4.9: RHEL 2.1<br />
2.4.10: Featured a complete rewrite of the Virtual Memory Management (VMM) subsystem.<ref>{{cite web
| url = http://kerneltrap.org/node/view/3148
| title = Interview: Andrea Arcangeli
| publisher = [[KernelTrap]]
| date = 2004-05-18
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20041205013839/http://kerneltrap.org/node/view/3148
| access-date = 2024-02-23| archive-date = 5 December 2004
}}</ref><br />
2.4.21: RHEL 3.x
|-
|-
| {{Version|o|2.2}}
| {{Version|o|2.2}}
| {{dts|format=dmy|1999|01|26}}<ref name="2.2.0 release">{{cite mailing list |url=http://lkml.iu.edu/hypermail/linux/kernel/9901.2/1084.html |title=2.2.0-final |last=Torvalds |first=Linus |author-link=Linus Torvalds |date=20 January 1999 |mailing-list=[[LKML]] |access-date=8 March 2015}}</ref>
| {{dts|format=dmy|1999|01|26}}<ref name="2.2.0 release">{{cite mailing list |url=http://lkml.iu.edu/hypermail/linux/kernel/9901.2/1084.html |title=2.2.0-final |last=Torvalds |first=Linus |author-link=Linus Torvalds |date=20 January 1999 |mailing-list=[[LKML]] |access-date=8 March 2015}}</ref>
| 2.2.26<ref>{{cite web |url=http://ftp.kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel/v2.2/LATEST-IS-2.2.26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120713141405/http://ftp.kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel/v2.2/LATEST-IS-2.2.26 |url-status=dead |archive-date=2012-07-13 |title=LATEST-IS-2.2.26 |df=dmy-all}}</ref>
| 2.2.26<ref>{{cite web |url=http://ftp.kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel/v2.2/LATEST-IS-2.2.26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120713141405/http://ftp.kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel/v2.2/LATEST-IS-2.2.26 |url-status=dead |archive-date=2012-07-13 |title=LATEST-IS-2.2.26 |df=dmy-all}}</ref>
| Marc-Christian Petersen (formerly [[Alan Cox (computer programmer)|Alan Cox]])
| Marc-Christian Petersen (formerly [[Alan Cox (computer programmer)|Alan Cox]])<ref>{{cite web |last=McAllister |first=Neil |date=24 January 2013 |title=Kernel hacker Alan Cox quits Linux, Intel |url=https://www.theregister.co.uk/2013/01/24/alan_cox_quits_linux_development/ |access-date=23 September 2018 |website=The Register}}</ref>
| Made unofficially obsolete with the 2.2.27-rc2<ref>{{cite web |url=http://kerneltrap.org/node/4533 |title=Linux 2.2.27-rc2 |last=Petersen |first=Marc-Christian |date=13 January 2005 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070630014451/http://kerneltrap.org/node/4533 |archive-date=30 June 2007}}</ref><ref>{{cite mailing list |url=http://marc.info/?l=linux-kernel&m=107766971215138 |title=Linux 2.2.26 aka "2.2 is not dead" released |last=Petersen |first=Marc-Christian |date=25 February 2004 |mailing-list=[[LKML]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |first=Neil |last=McAllister |title=Kernel hacker Alan Cox quits Linux, Intel |date=24 January 2013 |access-date=23 September 2018 |website=The Register |url=https://www.theregister.co.uk/2013/01/24/alan_cox_quits_linux_development/}}</ref>
| Made unofficially obsolete with the 2.2.27-rc2<ref>{{cite web |url=http://kerneltrap.org/node/4533 |title=Linux 2.2.27-rc2 |last=Petersen |first=Marc-Christian |date=13 January 2005 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070630014451/http://kerneltrap.org/node/4533 |archive-date=30 June 2007}}</ref><ref>{{cite mailing list |url=http://marc.info/?l=linux-kernel&m=107766971215138 |title=Linux 2.2.26 aka "2.2 is not dead" released |last=Petersen |first=Marc-Christian |date=25 February 2004 |mailing-list=[[LKML]]}}</ref>
|
* [[USB]] devices support<ref>{{Cite web |title=Linux USB |url=http://www.linux-usb.org/ |access-date=2024-05-27 |website=www.linux-usb.org}}</ref>
* [[Linux console|Frame-buffer console]]<ref name=":26">{{Cite web |title=The Wonderful World of Linux 2.2 LG #37 |url=https://www.linuxdoc.org/LDP/LG/issue37/pranevich.html |access-date=2024-05-27 |website=www.linuxdoc.org}}</ref>
| Named Brown [[Paper bag|Paper Bag]]<ref>{{cite web
* [[ipchains]]<ref name=":03" />
| url = https://lwn.net/1999/0204/kernel.php3
* [[Video4Linux]]<ref name=":26" />
| title = LWN Kernel development, February 4, 1999}}</ref>
* [[NTFS]] (readonly), [[FAT32]] and [[Hierarchical File System (Apple)|HFS]] support<ref name=":26" />
* Initial [[IPv6]] support<ref name=":26" />
* [[Sequenced Packet Exchange|SPX]] support<ref name=":26" />
* [[Loop device]] support<ref name=":26" />
* Scheduling classes and scheduler SMP support<ref name=":04">{{Cite web |last=Jones |first=M. |date=2018-09-18 |orig-date=first published on 2009-12-14 |title=Inside the Linux 2.6 Completely Fair Scheduler |url=https://developer.ibm.com/tutorials/l-completely-fair-scheduler/ |access-date=2024-02-07 |website=developer.ibm.com}}</ref>
* [[Slab allocation|SLAB]] memory allocator<ref name=":32">{{Cite web |last=Babka |first=Vlastimil |date=12 September 2022 |title=The slab allocators of past, present, and future |url=https://lpc.events/event/16/contributions/1272/attachments/946/1862/slabs.pdf}}</ref>
|The 2.1 kernels were development kernels<ref name=":25" />
|-
|-
| {{Version|o|2.0}}
| {{Version|o|2.0}}
Line 2,136: Line 2,588:
| David Weinehall
| David Weinehall
| officially made obsolete with the kernel 2.2.0 release<ref>{{cite web |last=Weinehall |first=David |url=http://kerneltrap.org/node/2279 |title=&#91;ANNOUNCE&#93; Linux-kernel 2.0.40 aka 'The Moss-covered Tortoise' |date=8 February 2004 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061116031834/http://kerneltrap.org/node/2279 |archive-date=16 November 2006}}</ref>
| officially made obsolete with the kernel 2.2.0 release<ref>{{cite web |last=Weinehall |first=David |url=http://kerneltrap.org/node/2279 |title=&#91;ANNOUNCE&#93; Linux-kernel 2.0.40 aka 'The Moss-covered Tortoise' |date=8 February 2004 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061116031834/http://kerneltrap.org/node/2279 |archive-date=16 November 2006}}</ref>
|
* [[Symmetric multiprocessing]] (SMP) support<ref>{{Cite web |title=Linux Version 2.0 {{!}} Linux Journal |url=https://www.linuxjournal.com/article/1311 |access-date=2024-05-27 |website=www.linuxjournal.com}}</ref>
| Larry Ewing created the [[Tux (mascot)|Tux mascot]] [[File:Tux.png|40px]] in 1996
| Larry Ewing created the [[Tux (mascot)|Tux mascot]] [[File:Tux.png|40px]] in 1996
|-
| {{Version|o|pre2.0}}
| {{dts|format=dmy|1996|05|12}}
| pre2.0.14
| rowspan=13 | [[Linus Torvalds]]
| rowspan=13 | [[End-of-life product|EOL]]
|
|-
|-
| {{Version|o|1.3}}
| {{Version|o|1.3}}
| {{dts|format=dmy|1995|06|12}}
| {{dts|format=dmy|1995|06|12}}
| 1.3.100<ref>{{cite mailing list |url=http://lkml.iu.edu/hypermail/linux/kernel/9605.1/0316.html |title=Century Linux! |last=Torvalds |first=Linus |author-link=Linus Torvalds |date=10 May 1996 |mailing-list=[[LKML]] |access-date=29 April 2016}}</ref>
| 1.3.100<ref>{{cite mailing list |url=http://lkml.iu.edu/hypermail/linux/kernel/9605.1/0316.html |title=Century Linux! |last=Torvalds |first=Linus |author-link=Linus Torvalds |date=10 May 1996 |mailing-list=[[LKML]] |access-date=29 April 2016}}</ref>
| rowspan="15" |[[Linus Torvalds]]
| rowspan="15" |[[End-of-life product|EOL]]
|
* [[/dev/random]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=Public Git Hosting - davej-history.git/blob - drivers/char/random.c |url=https://repo.or.cz/enwiki/w/davej-history.git/blob/d0562c8dc:/drivers/char/random.c |access-date=2024-03-29 |website=repo.or.cz}}</ref>
* [[watchdog timer]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=Import 1.3.51 - kernel/git/history/history.git - Linux kernel historic tree |url=https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/history/history.git/commit/?h=1.3.51&id=85ed1260f6998849a1f82fb3e7bfd24ae3fb067f |access-date=2024-05-23 |website=git.kernel.org}}</ref>
* Automatic [[Loadable kernel module|modules]] loading<ref>{{Cite web |title=What is kerneld? |url=https://www.linuxdoc.org/HOWTO/mini/Kerneld/introduction.html |access-date=2024-05-23 |website=www.linuxdoc.org}}</ref>
| Greased [[Weasel]]<ref>{{cite web
| Greased [[Weasel]]<ref>{{cite web
| title = Test version of new Linux kernel available
| title = Test version of new Linux kernel available
Line 2,159: Line 2,612:
| {{dts|format=dmy|1995|03|07}}
| {{dts|format=dmy|1995|03|07}}
| 1.2.13
| 1.2.13
|
* [[Round-robin scheduling]]<ref name=":04" />
| Linux '95<ref>{{cite web
| Linux '95<ref>{{cite web
| title = Linus Torvalds Releases Linux 1.2.0
| title = Linus Torvalds Releases Linux 1.2.0
Line 2,167: Line 2,622:
| {{dts|format=dmy|1994|04|06}}
| {{dts|format=dmy|1994|04|06}}
| 1.1.95
| 1.1.95
|
|
* [[Ipfirewall|ipfw]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=Original IP Firewall (2.0 Kernels) |url=https://tldp.org/LDP/nag2/x-087-2-firewall.original.html |access-date=2024-03-29 |website=tldp.org}}</ref>
* Dual [[Integrated Drive Electronics|IDE]] interface support<ref name=":20">{{Cite web |title=Import 1.1.76 - kernel/git/history/history.git - Linux kernel historic tree |url=https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/history/history.git/commit/?h=1.1.76&id=2c0a2456f4d78a9f40adc4b49fd36dc97d7d689d |access-date=2024-05-23 |website=git.kernel.org}}</ref>
* [[ATAPI]] CD-ROM support<ref name=":20" />
|
|-
|-
| {{Version|o|1.0}}
| {{Version|o|1.0}}
| {{dts|format=dmy|1994|03|14}}
| {{dts|format=dmy|1994|03|14}}
| 1.0.9
| 1.0.9
|
|
*[[Open Sound System]] (OSS)<ref name=":8">{{Cite web |title=Linux 0.99 patchlevel 14 - Diff - 75bb5836a8a8c0ee44ffd60a51f357b9568f1381^! - pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/nico/archive - Git at Google |url=https://kernel.googlesource.com/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/nico/archive/+/75bb5836a8a8c0ee44ffd60a51f357b9568f1381%5E!/ |access-date=2024-03-22 |website=kernel.googlesource.com}}</ref>
* [[Network Time Protocol|NTP]] support<ref name=":8" />
|
|-
|-
| {{Version|o|0.99}}
| {{Version|o|0.99}}
| {{dts|format=dmy|1992|12|13}}
| {{dts|format=dmy|1992|12|13}}
| 0.99.15j<ref>{{cite web|title=Linux Kernel Version History: 0.99 series kernels|url=http://www.oldlinux.org/Linux.old/docs/history/0.99.html|access-date=2020-10-11|website=www.oldlinux.org}}</ref>
| 0.99.15j<ref>{{cite web|title=Linux Kernel Version History: 0.99 series kernels|url=http://www.oldlinux.org/Linux.old/docs/history/0.99.html|access-date=2020-10-11|website=www.oldlinux.org}}</ref>
|
* [[Xiafs]] support
* [[ext2]] support<ref name="anatomyExt4">{{Cite web |last=Jones |first=M. Tim |date=17 February 2009 |title=Anatomy of ext4 |url=http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/linux/library/l-anatomy-ext4/ |url-status= |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150220020146/http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/linux/library/l-anatomy-ext4/ |archive-date=2015-02-20 |access-date=8 February 2012 |publisher=IBM Developer Works}}</ref>
* [[Network File System|NFS]] support<ref name=":9">{{Cite web |title=Finally: 0.98 |url=https://www.tech-insider.org/linux/research/1992/0308.html |access-date=2024-03-29 |website=www.tech-insider.org}}</ref>
* [[C dynamic memory allocation|kmalloc]]<ref name=":32" />
| The Linux 0.99 tar.bz2 archive grew from <!-- Here kB, not KB, correct: -->426&nbsp;[[kilobyte|kB]] to 1009&nbsp;[[kilobyte|kB]] on the way to 1.0.
| The Linux 0.99 tar.bz2 archive grew from <!-- Here kB, not KB, correct: -->426&nbsp;[[kilobyte|kB]] to 1009&nbsp;[[kilobyte|kB]] on the way to 1.0.
|-
|-
Line 2,182: Line 2,649:
| {{dts|format=dmy|1992|09|29}}
| {{dts|format=dmy|1992|09|29}}
| 0.98.6<ref>{{cite web|title=Linux Kernel Version History: 0.98 series kernels|url=http://www.oldlinux.org/Linux.old/docs/history/0.98.html|access-date=2020-10-11|website=www.oldlinux.org}}</ref>
| 0.98.6<ref>{{cite web|title=Linux Kernel Version History: 0.98 series kernels|url=http://www.oldlinux.org/Linux.old/docs/history/0.98.html|access-date=2020-10-11|website=www.oldlinux.org}}</ref>
|
|
* [[Internet protocol suite|TCP/IP]] support<ref name=":9" />
* SCSI [[Tape drive|tape]] support<ref name=":19">{{Cite web |title=[PATCH] Linux-0.98.6 (December 2, 1992) - kernel/git/history/history.git - Linux kernel historic tree |url=https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/history/history.git/commit/?h=0.99&id=c0cf50005522ad7aa5acd01cce970637a2e2881e |access-date=2024-05-20 |website=git.kernel.org}}</ref>
* [[ISO 9660]] support<ref name=":19" />
|
|-
|-
| {{Version|o|0.97}}
| {{Version|o|0.97}}
| {{dts|format=dmy|1992|08|01}}
| {{dts|format=dmy|1992|08|01}}
| 0.97.6<ref>{{cite web|title=Linux Kernel Version History: 0.97 series kernels|url=http://www.oldlinux.org/Linux.old/docs/history/0.97.html|access-date=2020-10-11|website=www.oldlinux.org}}</ref>
| 0.97.6<ref>{{cite web|title=Linux Kernel Version History: 0.97 series kernels|url=http://www.oldlinux.org/Linux.old/docs/history/0.97.html|access-date=2020-10-11|website=www.oldlinux.org}}</ref>
|
|
* Initial [[procfs]]<ref name=":17">{{Cite web |title=[PATCH] Linux-0.97.3 (September 5, 1992) - kernel/git/history/history.git - Linux kernel historic tree |url=https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/history/history.git/commit/?h=0.97.3 |access-date=2024-05-19 |website=git.kernel.org}}</ref>
* [[PS/2 port|PS/2]] mouse support<ref name=":17" />
* Microsoft bus mouse support<ref>{{Cite web |title=[PATCH] Linux-0.97.5 (September 12, 1992) - kernel/git/history/history.git - Linux kernel historic tree |url=https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/history/history.git/commit/?h=0.98&id=06d9f6ff137579551a2ee18661847915fe2bb812 |access-date=2024-05-19 |website=git.kernel.org}}</ref>
* [[SCSI]] CD-ROM support<ref>{{Cite web |title=[PATCH] Linux-0.97.5 (September 12, 1992) - kernel/git/history/history.git - Linux kernel historic tree |url=https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/history/history.git/commit/?h=0.98&id=06d9f6ff137579551a2ee18661847915fe2bb812 |access-date=2024-05-19 |website=git.kernel.org}}</ref>
|
|-
|-
| {{Version|o|0.96}}
| {{Version|o|0.96}}
| {{dts|format=dmy|1992|05|22}}
| {{dts|format=dmy|1992|05|22}}
| 0.96c.2<ref>{{cite web|title=Linux Kernel Version History: 0.96 series kernels|url=http://www.oldlinux.org/Linux.old/docs/history/0.96.html|access-date=2020-10-11|website=www.oldlinux.org}}</ref>
| 0.96c.2<ref>{{cite web|title=Linux Kernel Version History: 0.96 series kernels|url=http://www.oldlinux.org/Linux.old/docs/history/0.96.html|access-date=2020-10-11|website=www.oldlinux.org}}</ref>
|
|
* [[Extended file system|ext]] support (0.96c)<ref name="anatomyExt4" />
* [[FAT16]] support<ref name=":9" />
* [[Shared library|Shared libraries]]<ref name=":9" />
* Logitech [[bus mouse]] support<ref>{{Cite web |title=0.96c second patch - kernel/git/history/history.git - Linux kernel historic tree |url=https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/history/history.git/commit/?h=0.96c-patch2 |access-date=2024-05-19 |website=git.kernel.org}}</ref>
|
|-
|-
| {{Version|o|0.95}}
| {{Version|o|0.95}}
| {{dts|format=dmy|1992|03|08}}
| {{dts|format=dmy|1992|03|08}}
| 0.95c+<ref>{{cite web|title=Linux Kernel Version History: 0.95 series kernels|url=http://www.oldlinux.org/Linux.old/docs/history/0.95.html|access-date=2020-10-11|website=www.oldlinux.org}}</ref>
| 0.95c+<ref>{{cite web|title=Linux Kernel Version History: 0.95 series kernels|url=http://www.oldlinux.org/Linux.old/docs/history/0.95.html|access-date=2020-10-11|website=www.oldlinux.org}}</ref>
|
|
* [[Login]] prompt<ref name=":9" />
* Initial parallel port printer support<ref>{{Cite web |title=[PATCH] Linux-0.95c+ (April 9, 1992 ??) - kernel/git/history/history.git - Linux kernel historic tree |url=https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/history/history.git/commit/?h=0.99&id=6891759b5340b54c3408ca7d80dc722f95d6b9e0 |access-date=2024-05-20 |website=git.kernel.org}}</ref>
* Initial [[reboot]] support<ref name=":12">{{Cite web |title=[PATCH] Linux-0.95 (March 8, 1992) - kernel/git/history/history.git - Linux kernel historic tree |url=https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/history/history.git/commit/?h=0.99&id=e6c7a63f3cc9898b82d65ac3bda90d543a471c17 |access-date=2024-05-20 |website=git.kernel.org}}</ref>
|Jump from 0.12 to 0.95<ref name=":11">{{Cite web |title=Linux-0.12 (January 15, 1992) - kernel/git/history/history.git - Linux kernel historic tree |url=https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/history/history.git/commit/?h=0.97.3&id=2ab763b2e26be65551e717bd547497ffb9ba7267 |access-date=2024-05-19 |website=git.kernel.org}}</ref>
First version released under the [[GNU General Public License|GPL]]<ref name=":12" /><ref name=":10" />
|-
|{{Version|o|0.12}}
|{{dts|format=dmy|1992|01|15}}
|
|
* [[Job control (Unix)|Job control]]<ref name=":10">{{Cite web |title=linux-0.12 is available - refs/tags/v0.12 - pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/nico/archive - Git at Google |url=https://kernel.googlesource.com/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/nico/archive/+/refs/tags/v0.12 |access-date=2024-03-29 |website=kernel.googlesource.com}}</ref>
* [[Virtual console|Virtual consoles]]<ref name=":10" />
* [[Pseudoterminal|pty]]<ref name=":10" />
* [[Symbolic link|Symbolic links]]<ref name=":10" />
* [[Virtual memory]]<ref name=":10" />
|
|-
|{{Version|o|0.11}}
|{{dts|format=dmy|1991|12|8}}
|
|
* Demand-loading from disk<ref name=":13">{{Cite web |title=Linux-0.11 (December 8, 1991) - kernel/git/history/history.git - Linux kernel historic tree |url=https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/history/history.git/commit/?h=0.99&id=b65b60f4acd7efbbccd3d2411e9e5bca520a7574 |access-date=2024-05-20 |website=git.kernel.org}}</ref>

* [[Color Graphics Adapter|CGA]], [[Matrox|MGA]] and [[Enhanced Graphics Adapter|EGA]] support<ref name=":13" />
* [[malloc]]<ref name=":32" />
|First kernel where other people start making real contributions<ref name=":13" />
|-
|-
| {{Version|o|0.10}}
| {{Version|o|0.10}}
| {{dts|format=dmy|1991|11|}}
| {{dts|format=dmy|1991|11|}}
|
| 0.12
|
|
* Initial [[Floppy-disk controller|floppy]] driver support<ref name=":18">{{Cite web |title=Linux 0.10 (November 11, 1991 ???) - kernel/git/history/history.git - Linux kernel historic tree |url=https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/history/history.git/commit/?h=0.99&id=fa1ec1000cf9954b8e78216c11b0c3f86336d488 |access-date=2024-05-20 |website=git.kernel.org}}</ref>
* Supports up to 16MB RAM<ref name=":18" />
|Jump from 0.03 to 0.10
First release where Minix isn't needed anymore<ref name=":14" />
|-
| {{Version|o|0.03}}
|{{dts|format=dmy|1991|10|}}<ref name=":14">{{Cite web |date=2008-03-11 |title=Linux: The 0.02 and 0.03 Releases {{!}} KernelTrap |url=http://kerneltrap.org/node/14037 |access-date=2024-05-13 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080311051946/http://kerneltrap.org/node/14037 |archive-date=11 March 2008 }}</ref>
|
|
* [[Multithreading (computer architecture)|Multithreaded]] filesystem<ref name=":14" />
|
|-
|-
| {{Version|o|0.02}}
| {{Version|o|0.02}}
| {{dts|format=dmy|1991|10|05}}
| {{dts|format=dmy|1991|10|05}}
|
|
|
| first "usable"; for wider distribution<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.pcworld.com/article/3128189/happy-25th-once-again-to-linux-the-little-os-that-definitely-could.html|title=Happy 25th once again to Linux, 'the little OS that definitely could'|date=2016-10-05|website=PCWorld|language=en|access-date=2019-10-05}}</ref>
* US keyboard support<ref name=":14" />
| First "usable" release; for wider distribution<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.pcworld.com/article/3128189/happy-25th-once-again-to-linux-the-little-os-that-definitely-could.html|title=Happy 25th once again to Linux, 'the little OS that definitely could'|date=2016-10-05|website=PCWorld|language=en|access-date=2019-10-05}}</ref>
|-
|-
| {{Version|o|0.01}}
| {{Version|o|0.01}}
| {{dts|format=dmy|1991|09|17}}
| {{dts|format=dmy|1991|09|17}}
|
| 0.03
|
|
* [[i386]] support<ref name=":16">{{Cite web |title=Linux-0.01 (September 17, 1991) - kernel/git/history/history.git - Linux kernel historic tree |url=https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/history/history.git/commit/?h=0.97.3&id=bb441db1a90a1801ef4e6546417a8d907c55d92f |access-date=2024-05-19 |website=git.kernel.org}}</ref>
* [[Parallel ATA|PATA]] support<ref name=":16" />

* [[MINIX file system|Minix]] support<ref name="Mauerer2">{{cite book |last=Mauerer |first=Wolfgang |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-6zvRFEfQ24C&pg=PT490 |title=Professional Linux Kernel Architecture |publisher=John Wiley & Sons |year=2010 |isbn=9781118079911 |pages=490}}</ref><ref name=":16" />
* [[VGA text mode]]<ref name=":16" /><ref name=":11" />
* Hardcoded Finnish keyboard<ref name=":16" />
* Supports up to 8MB RAM<ref name=":18" />
|
|-
|-
| colspan="6" | <small>{{Version|l|show=110000}}</small>
| colspan="7" | <small>{{Version|l|show=110000}}</small>
|}
|}


Line 2,231: Line 2,759:
* [https://www.kernel.org/category/releases.html Active kernel releases], on the official Linux kernel website
* [https://www.kernel.org/category/releases.html Active kernel releases], on the official Linux kernel website
* [https://kernelnewbies.org/LinuxVersions Linux versions changelog], in Linux Kernel Newbies
* [https://kernelnewbies.org/LinuxVersions Linux versions changelog], in Linux Kernel Newbies
* [http://www.oldlinux.org/Linux.old/docs/history/Master.html Linux Kernel Version History: Consolidated list]
* {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230406044234/https://www.oldlinux.org/Linux.old/docs/history/Master.html|title=Linux Kernel Version History: Consolidated list}}


{{Linux kernel}}
{{Linux kernel}}

Latest revision as of 08:27, 30 December 2024

For broader coverage of this topic, see History of Linux.

This article documents the version history of the Linux kernel.

Each major version – identified by the first two numbers of a release version – is designated one of the following levels of support:

  • Supported until next stable version
  • Long-term support (LTS); maintained for a few years[1]
  • Super-long-term support (SLTS); maintained for many more years by the Civil Infrastructure Platform (CIP)[2]

Overview

[edit]

Releases 6.x.y

[edit]
Version Original release date Last release Maintainer EOL Prominent features Notes
Future release: 6.13 TBD Linus Torvalds
Current stable version: 6.12 17 November 2024[3] 6.12.7[4] Edit this on Wikidata Linus Torvalds 25th LTS release[7]
Old version, no longer maintained: 6.11 15 September 2024[8] 6.11.11[9] Linus Torvalds
Old version, no longer maintained: 6.10 14 July 2024[12] 6.10.14[9] Greg Kroah-Hartman & Sasha Levin 10 October 2024[13] Named "Baby Opossum Posse"[15]
Old version, no longer maintained: 6.9 12 May 2024[1] 6.9.10[9] 27 July 2024[16]
  • Improved performance for Intel Core Ultra (Meteor Lake)[17]
  • Support for AMD P-State Preferred Cores[17]
  • Intel FRED (Flexible Return Event Delivery)[17]
  • Support for larger console frame-buffer fonts for 4K displays[17]
  • Faster boot times for systems with lots of RAM and using HugeTLBs[17]
  • DM VDO (Device Mapper Virtual Data Optimizer) mainlined[17]
  • Hibernate LZ4 compression support[18]
Old version, no longer maintained: 6.8 10 March 2024[1] 6.8.12[9] 30 May 2024[19]
Old version, no longer maintained: 6.7 8 January 2024[1] 6.7.12[9] 3 April 2024
  • Initial Bcachefs filesystem support[20]
  • Itanium support removed[20]
  • Intel Meteor Lake Graphics declared stable[20]
  • Initial Nouveau support for Nvidia GSP firmware[20]
  • Ability to disable IA-32 support at boot time on AMD64[21]
  • Expansion of AMD Seamless Boot Support[21]
  • Improvement in loading of x86 microcode[21]
  • Support for RAID stripe tree, simple quota accounting, and temporary FSID added to Btrfs[22]
  • JFS minor stability improvements[21]
 According to Linus Torvalds, "one of the largest kernel releases we've ever had"[20]
Old version, yet still maintained: 6.6 30 October 2023[1] 6.6.68[9] December 2026
  • The new EEVDF process scheduler was merged. It aims to replace the CFS scheduler.
  • Intel Shadow Stack was finally merged; Exploiting ROPs is now harder
  • Support for Partial SMT
  • Performance Improvement for CPUs with a lot of cores and shared Last Level Caches
  • Continued Intel Meteor Lake graphics and sound enablement/improvements.
  • Better performance for Ext4; IO_uring also seeing cool improvements
  • DEFLATE compression support for EROFS.
 24th LTS release

The CFS scheduler was the de facto standard for 16+ years

ReiserFS is now declared to be obsolete and flagged for removal in 2025.

The one last minute change was made to the credits of ReiserFS as requested from the original developer.

Old version, no longer maintained: 6.5 27 August 2023[1] 6.5.13[9] 28 November 2023[23]
Old version, no longer maintained: 6.4 25 June 2023[1] 6.4.16[9] 13 September 2023[25]
Old version, no longer maintained: 6.3 23 April 2023[1] 6.3.13[9] 11 July 2023[29]
  • More Rust in the kernel
  • Initial Support for Intel Meteor Lake Display
  • Intel Meteor Lake VPUs ("Versatile Processing Unit") support
  • AMD Automatic IBRS
  • Intel TPMI driver was merged, hopes are this will give more control over power management.
  • Big Performance Improvement for EXT4. Nice Improvements for BTRFS too
  • IPv4 BIG TCP support, maybe better network performance
  • Microsoft Hyper-V nested hypervisor support.
  • Faster kernel builds and with lower peak memory use.
  • Removed support for the Intel ICC compiler.
Old version, no longer maintained: 6.2 19 February 2023[1] 6.2.16[9] 17 May 2023[30]
  • Intel Arc drivers are now deemed "stable" and on by default.
  • Initial FOSS support for NVIDIA GeForce 30 Series. But performance is poor for now.
  • Support for Apple's M1
  • Call Depth Tracking as a better performance alternative to IBRS for older Intel CPUs
  • Some Power-savings improvements when the system is idle or lightly loaded.
  • Support for running Raspberry Pi in 4K@60Hz
  • Better performance and scalability for running RAID5/6 in btrfs-like systems
  • Even more Rust in the kernel
Old version, yet still maintained: 6.1 11 December 2022[31] 6.1.122[9]

6.1.106-cip27[32]

December 2026[1]

August 2033[33]

23rd LTS release
Used in Debian 12 "Bookworm"[38]

4th SLTS release (which CIP[39] is planning[33] to support until August 2033)

6.1.28 is named Curry Ramen[40]

Old version, no longer maintained: 6.0 2 October 2022[41] 6.0.19[42] January 2023[42]
  • Performance improvements on Intel Xeon 'Ice Lake', AMD Ryzen 'Threadripper', AMD EPYC[43]
  • New hardware support including Intel, AMD, Qualcomm[44]
 Named "Hurr durr I'ma [sic] ninja sloth"[45]
Legend:
Old version, not maintained
Old version, still maintained
Latest version
Latest preview version
Future release

Releases 5.x.y

[edit]
Version Original release date Last release Maintainer EOL Prominent features Notes
Old version, no longer maintained: 5.19 31 July 2022[46] 5.19.17[47] Greg Kroah-Hartman & Sasha Levin[1] October 2022[47]
  • Initial support for LoongArch[48][49]
  • Support for Big TCP[48][49]
  • More secure encrypted virtualization with AMD SEV-SNP and Intel TDX[48][49]
  • Armv9 Scalable Matrix Extension support[49]
  • Introduce Intel In-Field Scan driver to run targeted low level diagnostics outside of the CPU's architectural error detection capabilities[48]
  • a.out support removed[50]
Old version, no longer maintained: 5.18 22 May 2022[51] 5.18.19[52] August 2022[52]
  • Support for Indirect Branch Tracking[53] on Intel CPUs[54]
  • User events[55]
  • fprobe, for probing multiple functions with a single probe handler[56]
  • Headers rearchitecturing preparations for faster compilation times[57]
  • Stricter memcpy() compile-time bounds checking[58]
  • Switch to C11[59]
Old version, no longer maintained: 5.17 20 March 2022[60] 5.17.15[61] June 2022[61]
  • BPF CO-RE support[62][63]
  • Random number generator improvements[64]
  • New Real-Time Linux Analysis (RTLA) tool[65]
  • Support giving names to anonymous memory[66]
  • Mitigate straight-line speculation attacks[67]
 Used in Ubuntu 22.04 LTS on newer hardware[68]

Named Superb Owl[69]

Old version, no longer maintained: 5.16 9 January 2022[70] 5.16.20[71] April 2022[71]
  • New futex_waitv() system call for faster game performance[72]
  • Memory folios infrastructure for a faster memory management[73]
  • Add support for AMX instructions[74]
  • Improve write congestion[75]
Old version, yet still maintained: 5.15 31 October 2021[76] 5.15.175[9] December 2026[1]
  • New experimental[77] NTFS file system implementation
  • ksmbd, an in-kernel SMB 3 server
  • Migrate memory pages to persistent memory in lieu of discard[78]
  • DAMON, a data access monitor
  • Introduce process_mrelease(2) system call[79]
 22nd LTS release; used in

Named Trick or Treat[82]

Old version, no longer maintained: 5.14 29 August 2021[83] 5.14.21[84] Greg Kroah-Hartman November 2021[84] Used in RHEL 9.x and derivatives[85] (Redhat ignores LTS-Kernel, own kernel-backports) and SLE 15 SP4/openSUSE Leap 15.4
Old version, no longer maintained: 5.13 27 June 2021[86] 5.13.19[87] Greg Kroah-Hartman & Sasha Levin September 2021[87] Named Opossums on Parade
Old version, no longer maintained: 5.12 25 April 2021[90] 5.12.19[91] Greg Kroah-Hartman July 2021[91] Named Frozen Wasteland[92][93]
Old version, no longer maintained: 5.11 14 February 2021[94] 5.11.22[95] May 2021[95] Named "💕 Valentine's Day Edition 💕"[96]
Old version, yet still maintained: 5.10 13 December 2020[97] 5.10.232[9]

5.10.223-cip51[32]

Greg Kroah-Hartman & Sasha Levin[1] December 2026[1][98]

January 2031[33]

21st LTS release; used in Debian 11 "Bullseye"[99]

3rd SLTS release (which CIP[100] is planning[33] to support until January 2031)

Named "Dare mighty things"[101]

Old version, no longer maintained: 5.9 11 October 2020[102] 5.9.16[103] Greg Kroah-Hartman December 2020[103]
Old version, no longer maintained: 5.8 2 August 2020[104] 5.8.18[105] November 2020[105]
Old version, no longer maintained: 5.7 31 May 2020[106] 5.7.19[107] August 2020[107]
Old version, no longer maintained: 5.6 29 March 2020[108] 5.6.19[109] June 2020[109]
Old version, no longer maintained: 5.5 26 January 2020[111] 5.5.19[112] April 2020[112]
Old version, yet still maintained: 5.4 24 November 2019[113] 5.4.288[9] Greg Kroah-Hartman & Sasha Levin[1] December 2025[1] 20th LTS release, used in Ubuntu 20.04 LTS
5.4-rc2 is named Nesting Opossum[114]

5.4-rc5 is named Kleptomaniac Octopus[115]

Old version, no longer maintained: 5.3 15 September 2019[116] 5.3.18[117] Greg Kroah-Hartman December 2019[117]
Old version, no longer maintained: 5.2 7 July 2019[118] 5.2.20[119] October 2019[119] 5.2-rc2 is named Golden Lions[120][121]

5.2 is named Bobtail Squid[122]

Old version, no longer maintained: 5.1 5 May 2019[123] 5.1.21[124] July 2019[124]
Old version, no longer maintained: 5.0 3 March 2019[126] 5.0.21[127] June 2019[127]
Legend:
Old version, not maintained
Old version, still maintained
Latest version
Latest preview version
Future release

Releases 4.x.y

[edit]
Version Original release date Last release Maintainer EOL Prominent features Notes
Old version, no longer maintained: 4.20 23 December 2018[128] 4.20.17[129] Greg Kroah-Hartman March 2019[129] Named Shy Crocodile[130]
Old version, yet still maintained: 4.19 22 October 2018[131] 4.19.325[9]

4.19.320-cip112[32]

Greg Kroah-Hartman & Sasha Levin[1] December 2024[1][132]

January 2029[33]

19th LTS release. Used in Debian 10 "Buster".[133] Second SLTS release (which CIP is planning[33] to support until January 2029), and first with ARM64 support.[134] Named "People's Front"[135]
Old version, no longer maintained: 4.18 12 August 2018[136] 4.18.20[137] Greg Kroah-Hartman November 2018[137] RHEL 8.x (Redhat ignores LTS-Kernel, own kernel-backports)
Old version, no longer maintained: 4.17 3 June 2018[138] 4.17.19[139] August 2018[139] Named Merciless Moray[140]
Old version, no longer maintained: 4.16 1 April 2018[141] 4.16.18[142] June 2018[142]
Old version, no longer maintained: 4.15 28 January 2018[143] 4.15.18[144] April 2018[144] Used in Ubuntu 18.04 LTS
Old version, no longer maintained: 4.14 12 November 2017[145] 4.14.336[146] Greg Kroah-Hartman & Sasha Levin[1] January 2024[146] 18th LTS release

4.14.1 is named Petit Gorille[148]

Old version, no longer maintained: 4.13 3 September 2017[149] 4.13.16[150] Greg Kroah-Hartman November 2017[150]
Old version, no longer maintained: 4.12 2 July 2017[151] 4.12.14[152] September 2017[152]
Old version, no longer maintained: 4.11 30 April 2017[154] 4.11.12[155] July 2017[155]
Old version, no longer maintained: 4.10 19 February 2017[156] 4.10.17[157] May 2017[157] 4.10-rc5 was named Anniversary Edition[158]

4.10-rc6 was named Fearless Coyote[159]

Old version, no longer maintained: 4.9 11 December 2016[160] 4.9.337[9] Greg Kroah-Hartman & Sasha Levin[1] January 2023[1][161] 17th LTS release. Used in Debian 9 "Stretch".[162] Named Roaring Lionus[163][164]
Old version, no longer maintained: 4.8 25 September 2016[165] 4.8.17[166] Greg Kroah-Hartman January 2017[166]
Old version, no longer maintained: 4.7 24 July 2016[167] 4.7.10[168] October 2016[168] Named Psychotic Stoned Sheep[172]
Old version, no longer maintained: 4.6 15 May 2016[173] 4.6.7[174] August 2016[174] Named Charred Weasel[175]
Old version, no longer maintained: 4.5 13 March 2016[176] 4.5.7[177] June 2016[178]
Old version, yet still maintained: 4.4 10 January 2016[179] 4.4.302[180]

4.4.302-cip92[181]

Greg Kroah-Hartman & Sasha Levin[1] (until February 2022[180])

Nobuhiro Iwamatsu & Pavel Machek[33]

January 2027[33] 16th LTS release, used in Slackware 14.2.[182] Canonical provided extended support until April 2021.[183] As the first kernel selected for Super Long Term Support (SLTS), the Civil Infrastructure Platform will provide support until at least 2026.[2] Used in Ubuntu 16.04 LTS
Old version, no longer maintained: 4.3 1 November 2015[184] 4.3.6[185] Greg Kroah-Hartman February 2016[186] Named Blurry Fish Butt[187][188]
Old version, no longer maintained: 4.2 30 August 2015[189] 4.2.8[190] December 2015[190] Canonical provided extended support until July 2016.[191][192]
Old version, no longer maintained: 4.1 22 June 2015[193] 4.1.52[194] Sasha Levin[1][195] (formerly Greg Kroah-Hartman)[196] May 2018[194] 15th LTS release. 4.1.1 was named Series 4800[197]
Old version, no longer maintained: 4.0 12 April 2015[198] 4.0.9[199] Greg Kroah-Hartman July 2015[200] Named "Hurr durr I'ma [sic] sheep"[202] (Internet poll)
Legend:
Old version, not maintained
Old version, still maintained
Latest version
Latest preview version
Future release

Releases 3.x.y

[edit]

The jump from 2.6.x to 3.x wasn't because of a breaking update, but rather the first release of a new versioning scheme introduced as a more convenient system.[203]

Version Original release date Last release Maintainer EOL Prominent features Notes
Old version, no longer maintained: 3.19 8 February 2015[204] 3.19.8[205] Greg Kroah-Hartman May 2015[205] Canonical provided extended support until July 2016.[191][206]
Old version, no longer maintained: 3.18 7 December 2014[207] 3.18.140[208] Greg Kroah-Hartman[209] (formerly Sasha Levin[210]) (formerly Greg Kroah-Hartman) January 2017[211] 14th LTS release, named Diseased Newt[214]

Hartman stated that he will release irregular updates to the 3.18 tree.[215] Starting with 3.18.140, this version will no longer be maintained on kernel.org, but on AOSP

Old version, no longer maintained: 3.17 5 October 2014[216] 3.17.8[217] Greg Kroah-Hartman January 2015[217]
Old version, no longer maintained: 3.16 3 August 2014[218] 3.16.85[219] Ben Hutchings[1][220] (formerly Greg Kroah-Hartman) Maintained until October 2014, then May 2016 to June 2020[219][1][221] 13th LTS release. Was used in Debian 8 "Jessie".[222] Canonical provided extended support until April 2016.[191][223]

3.16.1 was named Museum of Fishiegoodies[224]

Old version, no longer maintained: 3.15 8 June 2014[225] 3.15.10[226] Greg Kroah-Hartman August 2014[226]
Old version, no longer maintained: 3.14 30 March 2014[228] 3.14.79[229] Greg Kroah-Hartman[1] August 2016[229] 12th LTS release, named Shuffling Zombie Juror[231]
Old version, no longer maintained: 3.13 19 January 2014[232] 3.13.11[233] Greg Kroah-Hartman April 2014[233] Canonical provided extended support until April 2016.[191][234] Named One Giant Leap for Frogkind[235] (NASA LADEE launch photo)[236] Used in Ubuntu 14.04 LTS
Old version, no longer maintained: 3.12 3 November 2013[237] 3.12.74[238] Jiří Slabý[1][239] (formerly Greg Kroah-Hartman) May 2017[239][238] 11th LTS release, named Suicidal Squirrel[240]
Old version, no longer maintained: 3.11 2 September 2013[241] 3.11.10[242] Greg Kroah-Hartman November 2013[242] Canonical provided extended support until August 2014.[191] Named Linux for Workgroups after the 20 years of Windows 3.11[244]
Old version, no longer maintained: 3.10 30 June 2013[245] 3.10.108[246] Willy Tarreau[1][247] (formerly Greg Kroah-Hartman) November 2017[246] 10th LTS release,
3.10.6 was named TOSSUG Baby Fish[249][250][251] used in Slackware 14.1[252]

RHEL 7.x

Old version, no longer maintained: 3.9 28 April 2013[253] 3.9.11[254] Greg Kroah-Hartman July 2013[254] 3.9.6 was named Black Squirrel Wakeup Call[258]
Old version, no longer maintained: 3.8 18 February 2013[259] 3.8.13[260] Greg Kroah-Hartman May 2013[260] Canonical provided extended support until August 2014.[191][263]

Named Unicycling Gorilla[264][265]
3.8.5 was named Displaced Humerus Anterior[266]

Old version, no longer maintained: 3.7 10 December 2012[267] 3.7.10[268] Greg Kroah-Hartman March 2013[268][269] Named Terrified Chipmunk[271][272]
Old version, no longer maintained: 3.6 30 September 2012[273] 3.6.11[274] Greg Kroah-Hartman December 2012[274]
  • Initial support of send/receive and sub-volume quotas for Btrfs[275]
Old version, no longer maintained: 3.5 21 July 2012[276] 3.5.7[277] Greg Kroah-Hartman October 2012[277] Canonical provided extended support until April 2014.[191][278]
Old version, no longer maintained: 3.4 20 May 2012[279][280] 3.4.113[281] Li Zefan[1][282] (formerly Greg Kroah-Hartman) October 2016[283] 9th LTS release
Old version, no longer maintained: 3.3 18 March 2012[284] 3.3.8[285] Greg Kroah-Hartman June 2012[285]
Old version, no longer maintained: 3.2 4 January 2012[286] 3.2.102[287] Ben Hutchings[1][288] May 2018[289] 8th LTS release, used in Ubuntu 12.04 LTS[290] and optionally in 12.04 ESM,[291] Debian 7 "Wheezy" and Slackware 14.0.[1][288] Canonical promised to (at least) provide long-term support until April 2017;[191] Support has continued for months after.

3.2 to 3.5 was named Saber-toothed Squirrel[292]

Old version, no longer maintained: 3.1 24 October 2011[293] 3.1.10[294] Greg Kroah-Hartman January 2012[294] 3.1 provided the base for real-time tree.
3.1-rc2 was named Wet Seal
3.1 was named Divemaster Edition[295] (Linus' diving activities)
Old version, no longer maintained: 3.0 21 July 2011[203] 3.0.101[296] Greg Kroah-Hartman[297] October 2013[296][297] 7th LTS release
Named Sneaky Weasel[299][300]
Legend:
Old version
Old version, still maintained
Latest version
Latest preview version
Future release

Releases 2.6.x.y

[edit]

Versions 2.6.16 and 2.6.27 of the Linux kernel were unofficially given long-term support (LTS),[301] before a 2011 working group in the Linux Foundation started a formal long-term support initiative.[302][303]

Version Original release date Last release Maintainer EOL Prominent features Notes
Old version, no longer maintained: 2.6.39 18 May 2011[304] 2.6.39.4[305] Greg Kroah-Hartman August 2011[305] Last stable release of the 2.6 kernel series
Old version, no longer maintained: 2.6.38 14 March 2011[306] 2.6.38.8[307] June 2011[307] Named Flesh-Eating Bats with Fangs[308]
Old version, no longer maintained: 2.6.37 4 January 2011[309] 2.6.37.6[310] March 2011[310]
Old version, no longer maintained: 2.6.36 20 October 2010[311] 2.6.36.4[312] February 2011[312]
Old version, no longer maintained: 2.6.35 1 August 2010[314] 2.6.35.14[315] Andi Kleen[316] March 2012[316] 6th LTS release
2.6.35.7 was named Yokohama
Old version, no longer maintained: 2.6.34 16 May 2010[317] 2.6.34.15[318] Paul Gortmaker[319] February 2014[318][319] 5th LTS release
It was named Sheep on Meth[320][321]
Old version, no longer maintained: 2.6.33 24 February 2010[322] 2.6.33.20[323] Greg Kroah-Hartman[324] November 2011[323] 4th LTS release. It was the base for real-time-tree, replaced by 3.0.x.[324]
Old version, no longer maintained: 2.6.32 2 December 2009[326] 2.6.32.71[327] Willy Tarreau[1][328] (formerly Greg Kroah-Hartman)[329][330] March 2016[1] 3rd LTS release, used in Debian 6 Squeeze.[332] Canonical also provided support until April 2015.[191]

RHEL 6.x

Old version, no longer maintained: 2.6.31 9 September 2009[333] 2.6.31.14[334] Greg Kroah-Hartman July 2010[334]
Old version, no longer maintained: 2.6.30 9 June 2009[336] 2.6.30.9[337] October 2009[337] 2.6.30-rc4–2.6.30-rc6 was named

Vindictive Armadillo[339][340]
Releases between 2.6 and 2.9 were named 2.Man-Eating Seals of Antiquity[341]

Old version, no longer maintained: 2.6.29 23 March 2009[342] 2.6.29.6[343] July 2009[343] Named Temporary Tasmanian Devil[345][346]
Old version, no longer maintained: 2.6.28 24 December 2008[347] 2.6.28.10[348] May 2009[348] 2.6.28-rc1–2.6.28-rc6 was named Killer Bat of Doom[350][351]

2.6.28 was named Erotic Pickled Herring[352]

Old version, no longer maintained: 2.6.27 9 October 2008[353] 2.6.27.62[354] Willy Tarreau[355] (formerly Adrian Bunk,[356] and formerly Greg Kroah-Hartman) March 2012[356] 2nd LTS release
2.6.27.3 was named Trembling Tortoise[357]
Old version, no longer maintained: 2.6.26 13 July 2008[358] 2.6.26.8[359] Greg Kroah-Hartman November 2008[359] 2.6.26–2.6.27 was named Rotary Wombat[360]
Old version, no longer maintained: 2.6.25 16 April 2008[361] 2.6.25.20[362] November 2008[362] Named Funky Weasel is Jiggy wit it[364]
Old version, no longer maintained: 2.6.24 24 January 2008[365] 2.6.24.7[366] May 2008[366] 2.6.23-rc4–2.6.23-rc6 was named Pink Farting Weasel[368]

2.6.23-rc7–2.6.23–2.6.24 was named Arr Matey! A Hairy Bilge Rat![369] (TLAPD 2007)
2.6.24.1 was named Err Metey! A Heury Beelge-a Ret![370]

Old version, no longer maintained: 2.6.23 9 October 2007[371] 2.6.23.17[372] February 2008[372]
Old version, no longer maintained: 2.6.22 8 July 2007[374] 2.6.22.19[375] February 2008[375] 2.6.22-rc3–2.6.22-rc4 was named Jeff Thinks I Should Change This, But To What?

2.6.22-rc5–2.6.22 was named Holy Dancing Manatees, Batman![377]

Old version, no longer maintained: 2.6.21 25 April 2007[378] 2.6.21.7[379] August 2007[379] Named Nocturnal Monster Puppy[381]
Old version, no longer maintained: 2.6.20 4 February 2007[382] 2.6.20.21[383] October 2007[383] Named Homicidal Dwarf Hamster[385][386]
Old version, no longer maintained: 2.6.19 29 November 2006[387] 2.6.19.7[388] March 2007[388] Named Avast! A bilge rat! (TLAPD 2006)[392]
Old version, no longer maintained: 2.6.18 20 September 2006[393] 2.6.18.8[394] February 2007[394]

2.6.18: RHEL 5.x

Old version, no longer maintained: 2.6.17 17 June 2006[396] 2.6.17.14[397] October 2006[397] 2.6.17-rc5 was named Lordi Rules[399] (Eurovision 2006 winners)[400]

2.6.17-rc6–2.6.17 was named Crazed Snow-Weasel[401]

Old version, no longer maintained: 2.6.16 20 March 2006[402] 2.6.16.62[403] Adrian Bunk[404] (formerly Greg Kroah-Hartman)[329] July 2008[405][403] 1st LTS release
2.6.16.28-rc2 was named Stable Penguin
Old version, no longer maintained: 2.6.15 2 January 2006[407] 2.6.15.7[408] Greg Kroah-Hartman May 2006[408] Named Sliding Snow Leopard[410]
Old version, no longer maintained: 2.6.14 27 October 2005[411] 2.6.14.7[412] January 2006[412] Named Affluent Albatross[414]
Old version, no longer maintained: 2.6.13 28 August 2005[415] 2.6.13.5[416] December 2005[416] Named Woozy Numbat[417][418]
Old version, no longer maintained: 2.6.12 18 June 2005[419] 2.6.12.6[420][421] August 2005[420]
Old version, no longer maintained: 2.6.11 2 March 2005[422] 2.6.11.12[423] June 2005[423]
Old version, no longer maintained: 2.6.10 24 December 2004[424]
  • Switchable and modular I/O schedulers[425]
Old version, no longer maintained: 2.6.9 19 October 2004[426]
Old version, no longer maintained: 2.6.8 14 August 2004[427]
Old version, no longer maintained: 2.6.7 16 June 2004[428]
Old version, no longer maintained: 2.6.6 10 May 2004[429]
Old version, no longer maintained: 2.6.5 4 April 2004[431]
Old version, no longer maintained: 2.6.4 11 March 2004[433]
Old version, no longer maintained: 2.6.3 18 February 2004[435]
Old version, no longer maintained: 2.6.2 4 February 2004[437]
Old version, no longer maintained: 2.6.1 9 January 2004[439]
Old version, no longer maintained: 2.6 17 December 2003[441] Linus Torvalds December 2004[442] 2.6.2–2.6.4 was named Feisty Dunnart[446]
2.6.5–2.6.9 was named Zonked Quokka[447]2.6.9: RHEL 4.x

The 2.5 kernels were development kernels[448]

Legend:
Old version
Old version, still maintained
Latest version
Latest preview version
Future release

Releases before 2.6.0

[edit]
Version Original release date Last release Maintainer EOL Prominent features Notes
Old version, no longer maintained: 2.4 4 January 2001[449] 2.4.37.11[450] Willy Tarreau (formerly Marcelo Tosatti) December 2011[450]

The 2.3 kernels were development kernels[448]
2.4.9: RHEL 2.1
2.4.10: Featured a complete rewrite of the Virtual Memory Management (VMM) subsystem.[455]
2.4.21: RHEL 3.x

Old version, no longer maintained: 2.2 26 January 1999[456] 2.2.26[457] Marc-Christian Petersen (formerly Alan Cox)[458] Made unofficially obsolete with the 2.2.27-rc2[459][460] The 2.1 kernels were development kernels[448]
Old version, no longer maintained: 2.0 9 June 1996[465] 2.0.40[466] David Weinehall officially made obsolete with the kernel 2.2.0 release[467] Larry Ewing created the Tux mascot in 1996
Old version, no longer maintained: 1.3 12 June 1995 1.3.100[469] Linus Torvalds EOL Greased Weasel[473]
Old version, no longer maintained: 1.2 7 March 1995 1.2.13 Linux '95[474]
Old version, no longer maintained: 1.1 6 April 1994 1.1.95
Old version, no longer maintained: 1.0 14 March 1994 1.0.9
Old version, no longer maintained: 0.99 13 December 1992 0.99.15j[478] The Linux 0.99 tar.bz2 archive grew from 426 kB to 1009 kB on the way to 1.0.
Old version, no longer maintained: 0.98 29 September 1992 0.98.6[481]
Old version, no longer maintained: 0.97 1 August 1992 0.97.6[483]
Old version, no longer maintained: 0.96 22 May 1992 0.96c.2[487]
Old version, no longer maintained: 0.95 8 March 1992 0.95c+[489] Jump from 0.12 to 0.95[492]

First version released under the GPL[491][493]

Old version, no longer maintained: 0.12 15 January 1992
Old version, no longer maintained: 0.11 8 December 1991
  • Demand-loading from disk[494]
 First kernel where other people start making real contributions[494]
Old version, no longer maintained: 0.10 November 1991 Jump from 0.03 to 0.10

First release where Minix isn't needed anymore[496]

Old version, no longer maintained: 0.03 October 1991[496]
Old version, no longer maintained: 0.02 5 October 1991 First "usable" release; for wider distribution[497]
Old version, no longer maintained: 0.01 17 September 1991
Legend:
Old version
Old version, still maintained
Latest version
Latest preview version
Future release

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
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