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{{Short description|American Branch Davidian}}
{{Short description|American Branch Davidian}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=July 2023}}


'''Brad Eugene Branch''' (born c. 1960<ref name=":0">{{Cite news |last=Pressley |first=Sue Anne |date=1994-02-27 |title=JURY ACQUITS CULT MEMBERS OF MURDER IN WACO SHOOTOUT |language=en-US |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/politics/1994/02/27/jury-acquits-cult-members-of-murder-in-waco-shootout/37c87784-ef5b-4ce3-95dc-a79757ae3f74/ |access-date=2022-12-29 |issn=0190-8286}}</ref>) is an American former [[Branch Davidians|Branch Davidian]] who was charged and convicted of [[aiding and abetting]] [[voluntary manslaughter]] of federal agents during the 1993 [[Waco siege]] and weapons charges.<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite web |date=1999-09-17 |title=Jailed Branch Davidians wait, hope as Waco probe reopened |url=http://www.cnn.com/US/9909/17/waco.davidians/ |access-date=2022-12-29 |website=[[CNN]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Newport |first=Kenneth G. C. |title=The Branch Davidians of Waco: The History and Beliefs of An Apocalyptic Sect |title-link=The Branch Davidians of Waco: The History and Beliefs of an Apocalyptic Sect |publisher=[[Oxford University Press]] |year=2006 |isbn=9780199245741 |location=Oxford |pages=249}}</ref> He was sentenced to ten years in prison for the voluntary manslaughter charge and thirty years for the weapons charges.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1994-06-18 |title=5 Each Get 40 Years In Waco Case |language=en-US |work=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1994/06/18/us/5-each-get-40-years-in-waco-case.html |access-date=2022-12-29 |issn=0362-4331}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Associated Press |author-link=Associated Press |date=2000-06-05 |title=5 Davidians' Jail Terms Reduced |url=https://www.cbsnews.com/news/5-davidians-jail-terms-reduced/ |access-date=2022-12-29 |website=www.cbsnews.com |language=en-US}}</ref> Originally, the charge of carrying a firearm during a [[violent crime]] was based on a [[conspiracy to murder]] charge that was acquitted for Branch and other Davidians,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Cardwell |first=Cary |date=1994-02-26 |title=Branch Davidians acquitted of murder conspiracy charges |url=https://www.upi.com/Archives/1994/02/26/Branch-Davidians-acquitted-of-murder-conspiracy-charges/5334762238800/ |access-date=2022-12-29 |website=UPI |language=en}}</ref> but federal prosecutors asked [[United States district court|U.S. District Judge]] [[Walter Scott Smith Jr.|Walter Smith]] to reinstate the weapons charges, which he did.<ref>{{Cite web |date=1994-03-10 |title=Judge Restores Weapons Convictions Against 7 Davidians |url=https://www.oklahoman.com/story/news/1994/03/10/judge-restores-weapons-convictions-against-7-davidians/62432018007/ |access-date=2022-12-29 |website=[[The Oklahoman]] |language=en-US}}</ref> The Branch Davidians, including Brad Branch, attempted to appeal the charges, but the appeals were turned down in 1997.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1997-09-05 |title=5 Branch Davidians' Sentences Are Upheld |pages=A32 |work=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=1997-09-04 |title=Hearing to reconsider sentencing of Koresh followers |agency=[[Associated Press]]}}</ref> The [[Supreme Court of the United States|United States Supreme Court]] agreed to hear appellate arguments from the Branch Davidians including Branch in 2000.<ref>{{Cite news |last1=England |first1=Mark |last2=Witherspoon |first2=Tommy |date=2000-01-14 |title=U.S. Supreme Court will hear appeal from Branch Davidians |work=[[Cox News Service]]}}</ref> In response to the Supreme Court's ruling that Smith overstepped his power in his sentencing, he reduced his and other Davidians' sentences to five years for the weapons charges.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Bryce |first=Robert |date=2000-09-22 |title=Naked City |url=https://www.austinchronicle.com/news/2000-09-22/78685/ |access-date=2022-12-29 |website=[[The Austin Chronicle]] |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2000-09-19 |title=JURIST CUTS DAVIDIAN SENTENCES |url=https://www.chicagotribune.com/news/ct-xpm-2000-09-20-0009200519-story.html |access-date=2022-12-29 |website=[[Chicago Tribune]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=2000-09-19 |title=Judge reduces Davidians' sentences for 1993 raid |agency=[[Associated Press]]}}</ref>
'''Brad Eugene Branch''' (born c. 1960<ref name=":0">{{Cite news |last=Pressley |first=Sue Anne |date=February 27, 1994 |title=JURY ACQUITS CULT MEMBERS OF MURDER IN WACO SHOOTOUT |language=en-US |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/politics/1994/02/27/jury-acquits-cult-members-of-murder-in-waco-shootout/37c87784-ef5b-4ce3-95dc-a79757ae3f74/ |access-date=December 29, 2022 |issn=0190-8286}}</ref>) is an American former [[Branch Davidians|Branch Davidian]] who was charged and convicted of [[aiding and abetting]] [[voluntary manslaughter]] of federal agents during the 1993 [[Waco siege]] and weapons charges.<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite web |date=September 17, 1999 |title=Jailed Branch Davidians wait, hope as Waco probe reopened |url=http://www.cnn.com/US/9909/17/waco.davidians/ |access-date=December 29, 2022 |website=[[CNN]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Newport |first=Kenneth G. C. |title=The Branch Davidians of Waco: The History and Beliefs of An Apocalyptic Sect |title-link=The Branch Davidians of Waco: The History and Beliefs of an Apocalyptic Sect |publisher=[[Oxford University Press]] |year=2006 |isbn=9780199245741 |location=Oxford |pages=249}}</ref> He was sentenced to ten years in prison for the voluntary manslaughter charge and thirty years for the weapons charges.<ref>{{Cite news |date=June 18, 1994 |title=5 Each Get 40 Years In Waco Case |language=en-US |work=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1994/06/18/us/5-each-get-40-years-in-waco-case.html |access-date=December 29, 2022 |issn=0362-4331}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Associated Press |author-link=Associated Press |date=June 5, 2000 |title=5 Davidians' Jail Terms Reduced |url=https://www.cbsnews.com/news/5-davidians-jail-terms-reduced/ |access-date=December 29, 2022 |website=www.cbsnews.com |language=en-US}}</ref> Originally, the charge of carrying a firearm during a [[violent crime]] was based on a [[conspiracy to murder]] charge, on which Branch and other Davidians were acquitted,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Cardwell |first=Cary |date=February 26, 1994 |title=Branch Davidians acquitted of murder conspiracy charges |url=https://www.upi.com/Archives/1994/02/26/Branch-Davidians-acquitted-of-murder-conspiracy-charges/5334762238800/ |access-date=December 29, 2022 |website=UPI |language=en}}</ref> but federal prosecutors asked [[United States district court|U.S. District Judge]] [[Walter Scott Smith Jr.|Walter Smith]] to reinstate the weapons charges, which he did.<ref>{{Cite web |date=March 10, 1994 |title=Judge Restores Weapons Convictions Against 7 Davidians |url=https://www.oklahoman.com/story/news/1994/03/10/judge-restores-weapons-convictions-against-7-davidians/62432018007/ |access-date=December 29, 2022 |website=[[The Oklahoman]] |language=en-US}}</ref> The Branch Davidians, including Brad Branch, attempted to appeal the charges, but the appeals were turned down in 1997.<ref>{{Cite news |date=September 5, 1997 |title=5 Branch Davidians' Sentences Are Upheld |pages=A32 |work=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=September 4, 1997 |title=Hearing to reconsider sentencing of Koresh followers |agency=[[Associated Press]]}}</ref> The [[Supreme Court of the United States|United States Supreme Court]] agreed to hear appellate arguments from the Branch Davidians, including Branch, in 2000.<ref>{{Cite news |last1=England |first1=Mark |last2=Witherspoon |first2=Tommy |date=January 14, 2000 |title=U.S. Supreme Court will hear appeal from Branch Davidians |work=[[Cox News Service]]}}</ref> In response to the Supreme Court's ruling that Smith overstepped his power in his sentencing, he reduced his and other Davidians' sentences to five years for the weapons charges.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Bryce |first=Robert |date=September 22, 2000 |title=Naked City |url=https://www.austinchronicle.com/news/2000-09-22/78685/ |access-date=December 29, 2022 |website=[[The Austin Chronicle]] |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=September 19, 2000 |title=JURIST CUTS DAVIDIAN SENTENCES |url=https://www.chicagotribune.com/news/ct-xpm-2000-09-20-0009200519-story.html |access-date=December 29, 2022 |website=[[Chicago Tribune]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=September 19, 2000 |title=Judge reduces Davidians' sentences for 1993 raid |agency=[[Associated Press]]}}</ref>


During the 28 February 1993 shootout that began the siege, Branch reportedly shot and killed a [[Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives|Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, and Firearms]] agent, shouting that he "got one!"<ref>{{Cite web |title=Former Federal Prosecutor Bill Johnson Discusses Branch Davidian Siege in Waco |url=https://www.splcenter.org/fighting-hate/intelligence-report/2000/former-federal-prosecutor-bill-johnson-discusses-branch-davidian-siege-waco |access-date=2022-12-29 |website=Southern Poverty Law Center |language=en}}</ref> Branch Davidian Marjorie Thomas testified that she heard Branch and Kevin Whitecliff, another Branch Davidian, admitting they shot at agents during the shootout.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1994-02-15 |title=Cult 'spread fuel hours before fire' |work=[[Evening Standard]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Associated Press |author-link=Associated Press |date=1994-02-15 |title=Koresh Tapes Contain Discussion of Fuel, Fire |work=[[Dayton Daily News]]}}</ref> Another Davidian, Victorine Hollingsworth, testified she also heard Branch and [[Livingstone Fagan]] discuss firing on agents on 28 February 1993.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Shannon |first=Kelley |date=1994-02-02 |title=Branch Davidian Says Koresh Planned ATF Ambush, Mass Suicide |agency=[[Associated Press]]}}</ref> After the shootout, he, Whitecliff, and Oliver Gyarfas were sent out of the compound to dig a grave for Peter Gent, who died in the shootout.<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Doyle |first1=Clive |title=A Journey to Waco: Autobiography of a Branch Davidian |last2=Wessinger |first2=Catherine |last3=Wittmer |first3=Matthew D. |publisher=[[Rowman & Littlefield]] |year=2012 |isbn=9786613860538 |location=Lanham, MD |pages=142 |author-link=Clive Doyle |author-link2=Catherine Wessinger}}</ref> Branch had indicated to federal authorities that he wished to exit [[Mount Carmel Center]] during the siege on 11 March 1993.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Kennedy |first=J. Michael |date=1993-03-13 |title=2 Allowed to Leave Texas Cult Compound : Standoff: Australian man and a mother of 4 come out. Woman's children were released earlier, husband was killed in Feb. 28 shootout. |url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1993-03-13-mn-10488-story.html |access-date=2022-12-29 |website=[[Los Angeles Times]] |language=en-US}}</ref> He left the compound with Whitecliff with permission from Branch Davidian leader [[David Koresh]] on 19 March 1993.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Waco: The Inside Story: Chronology of the Siege |url=https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/waco/timeline3.html |access-date=2022-12-29 |website=PBS}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Newport |first=Kenneth G. C. |title=The Branch Davidians of Waco: The History and Beliefs of An Apocalyptic Sect |title-link=The Branch Davidians of Waco: The History and Beliefs of an Apocalyptic Sect |publisher=[[Oxford University Press]] |year=2006 |isbn=9780199245741 |location=Oxford |pages=269}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Verhovek |first=Sam Howe |date=1993-03-21 |title=Leader of Cult Talks of Details Of a Surrender |pages=20 |work=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref> The only reason that the [[Federal Bureau of Investigation]] (FBI) received for why they left when they did was because before then "it wasn't time".<ref>{{Cite news |last=MacIntyre |first=Ben |date=1993-03-13 |title=Mother surrenders to Waco besiegers |work=[[The Times]]}}</ref> While jailed after leaving the compound, Branch told NBC that David Koresh sought to challenge other Christian leaders to see who can "reveal the book", meaning the [[Bible]].<ref>{{Cite news |last=Verhovek |first=Sam Howe |date=1993-03-25 |title=Decibels, Not Bullets, Bombard Texas Sect |pages=A16 |work=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref> Also while in jail, Brad Branch told [[CNN]] that the 19 April fire that destroyed the Mount Carmel compound was a "systematic assassination by the FBI to eliminate all of the crime scene".<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Kerstetter |first=Todd |date=2004 |title="That's Just the American Way": The Branch Davidian Tragedy and Western Religious History |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/25443054 |journal=Western Historical Quarterly |volume=35 |issue=4 |pages=453–471 |doi=10.2307/25443054 |jstor=25443054 |issn=0043-3810}}</ref> Branch soon after the siege also believed that Koresh was not responsible for the fire.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Aron |first=Jaime |date=1993-04-20 |title=Cult Followers Still Believers |url=https://apnews.com/article/7ab999bf4a5fde99476595f234ce5a2a |access-date=2022-12-29 |website=AP NEWS |language=en}}</ref>
During the February 28, 1993, shootout that began the siege, Branch reportedly shot and killed a [[Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives|Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, and Firearms]] agent, shouting that he "got one!"<ref>{{Cite web |title=Former Federal Prosecutor Bill Johnson Discusses Branch Davidian Siege in Waco |url=https://www.splcenter.org/fighting-hate/intelligence-report/2000/former-federal-prosecutor-bill-johnson-discusses-branch-davidian-siege-waco |access-date=December 29, 2022 |website=Southern Poverty Law Center |language=en}}</ref> Branch Davidian Marjorie Thomas testified that she heard Branch and Kevin Whitecliff, another Branch Davidian, admitting they shot at agents during the shootout.<ref>{{Cite news |date=February 15, 1994 |title=Cult 'spread fuel hours before fire' |work=[[Evening Standard]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Associated Press |author-link=Associated Press |date=February 15, 1994 |title=Koresh Tapes Contain Discussion of Fuel, Fire |work=[[Dayton Daily News]]}}</ref> Another Davidian, Victorine Hollingsworth, testified she also heard Branch and [[Livingstone Fagan]] discuss firing on agents on February 28, 1993.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Shannon |first=Kelley |date=February 2, 1994 |title=Branch Davidian Says Koresh Planned ATF Ambush, Mass Suicide |agency=[[Associated Press]]}}</ref> After the shootout, he, Whitecliff, and Oliver Gyarfas were sent out of the compound to dig a grave for Peter Gent, who died in the shootout.<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Doyle |first1=Clive |title=A Journey to Waco: Autobiography of a Branch Davidian |last2=Wessinger |first2=Catherine |last3=Wittmer |first3=Matthew D. |publisher=[[Rowman & Littlefield]] |year=2012 |isbn=9786613860538 |location=Lanham, MD |pages=142 |author-link=Clive Doyle |author-link2=Catherine Wessinger}}</ref> Branch had indicated to federal authorities that he wished to exit [[Mount Carmel Center]] during the siege on March 11, 1993.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Kennedy |first=J. Michael |date=March 13, 1993 |title=2 Allowed to Leave Texas Cult Compound : Standoff: Australian man and a mother of 4 come out. Woman's children were released earlier, husband was killed in Feb. 28 shootout. |url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1993-03-13-mn-10488-story.html |access-date=December 29, 2022 |website=[[Los Angeles Times]] |language=en-US}}</ref> He left the compound with Whitecliff with permission from Branch Davidian leader [[David Koresh]] on March 19, 1993.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Waco: The Inside Story: Chronology of the Siege |url=https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/waco/timeline3.html |access-date=December 29, 2022 |website=PBS}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Newport |first=Kenneth G. C. |title=The Branch Davidians of Waco: The History and Beliefs of An Apocalyptic Sect |title-link=The Branch Davidians of Waco: The History and Beliefs of an Apocalyptic Sect |publisher=[[Oxford University Press]] |year=2006 |isbn=9780199245741 |location=Oxford |pages=269}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Verhovek |first=Sam Howe |date=March 21, 1993 |title=Leader of Cult Talks of Details Of a Surrender |pages=20 |work=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref> The only reason that the [[Federal Bureau of Investigation]] (FBI) received for why they left when they did was because before then "it wasn't time".<ref>{{Cite news |last=MacIntyre |first=Ben |date=March 13, 1993 |title=Mother surrenders to Waco besiegers |work=[[The Times]]}}</ref> While jailed after leaving the compound, Branch told NBC that David Koresh sought to challenge other Christian leaders to see who can "reveal the book", meaning the [[Bible]].<ref>{{Cite news |last=Verhovek |first=Sam Howe |date=March 25, 1993 |title=Decibels, Not Bullets, Bombard Texas Sect |pages=A16 |work=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref> Also while in jail, Brad Branch told [[CNN]] that the April 19 fire that destroyed the Mount Carmel compound was a "systematic assassination by the FBI to eliminate all of the crime scene".<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Kerstetter |first=Todd |date=2004 |title="That's Just the American Way": The Branch Davidian Tragedy and Western Religious History |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/25443054 |journal=Western Historical Quarterly |volume=35 |issue=4 |pages=453–471 |doi=10.2307/25443054 |jstor=25443054 |issn=0043-3810}}</ref> Branch soon after the siege also believed that Koresh was not responsible for the fire.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Aron |first=Jaime |date=April 20, 1993 |title=Cult Followers Still Believers |url=https://apnews.com/article/7ab999bf4a5fde99476595f234ce5a2a |access-date=December 29, 2022 |website=AP NEWS |language=en}}</ref>


Branch was released from prison in 2006 and lived in the [[San Antonio]] area as of 2012.<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Doyle |first1=Clive |title=A Journey to Waco: Autobiography of a Branch Davidian |last2=Wessinger |first2=Catherine |last3=Wittmer |first3=Matthew D. |publisher=[[Rowman & Littlefield]] |year=2012 |isbn=9786613860538 |location=Lanham, MD |pages=180 |author-link=Clive Doyle |author-link2=Catherine Wessinger}}</ref> Branch was an aircraft electrician from San Antonio, Texas, before becoming a Branch Davidian.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Reinhold |first=Robert |date=1993-03-14 |title=Sect Members Are Hurting but the Siege Goes On |pages=24 |work=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref>
Branch was released from prison in 2006 and lived in the [[San Antonio]] area as of 2012.<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Doyle |first1=Clive |title=A Journey to Waco: Autobiography of a Branch Davidian |last2=Wessinger |first2=Catherine |last3=Wittmer |first3=Matthew D. |publisher=[[Rowman & Littlefield]] |year=2012 |isbn=9786613860538 |location=Lanham, MD |pages=180 |author-link=Clive Doyle |author-link2=Catherine Wessinger}}</ref> Branch was an aircraft electrician from San Antonio, Texas, before becoming a Branch Davidian.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Reinhold |first=Robert |date=March 14, 1993 |title=Sect Members Are Hurting but the Siege Goes On |pages=24 |work=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref>


== References ==
== References ==
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Branch, Brad}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Branch, Brad}}
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Living people]]

[[Category:1960 births]]
[[Category:1960 births]]
[[Category:People from San Antonio]]
[[Category:People from San Antonio]]
[[Category:Year of birth uncertain]]
[[Category:American people convicted of manslaughter]]
[[Category:American prisoners and detainees]]

[[Category:Branch Davidians]]
[[Category:Branch Davidians]]
[[Category:Prisoners and detainees of the United States federal government]]
[[Category:People convicted of illegal possession of weapons]]

Latest revision as of 11:22, 10 August 2024

Brad Eugene Branch (born c. 1960[1]) is an American former Branch Davidian who was charged and convicted of aiding and abetting voluntary manslaughter of federal agents during the 1993 Waco siege and weapons charges.[1][2][3] He was sentenced to ten years in prison for the voluntary manslaughter charge and thirty years for the weapons charges.[4][5] Originally, the charge of carrying a firearm during a violent crime was based on a conspiracy to murder charge, on which Branch and other Davidians were acquitted,[6] but federal prosecutors asked U.S. District Judge Walter Smith to reinstate the weapons charges, which he did.[7] The Branch Davidians, including Brad Branch, attempted to appeal the charges, but the appeals were turned down in 1997.[8][9] The United States Supreme Court agreed to hear appellate arguments from the Branch Davidians, including Branch, in 2000.[10] In response to the Supreme Court's ruling that Smith overstepped his power in his sentencing, he reduced his and other Davidians' sentences to five years for the weapons charges.[11][12][13]

During the February 28, 1993, shootout that began the siege, Branch reportedly shot and killed a Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, and Firearms agent, shouting that he "got one!"[14] Branch Davidian Marjorie Thomas testified that she heard Branch and Kevin Whitecliff, another Branch Davidian, admitting they shot at agents during the shootout.[15][16] Another Davidian, Victorine Hollingsworth, testified she also heard Branch and Livingstone Fagan discuss firing on agents on February 28, 1993.[17] After the shootout, he, Whitecliff, and Oliver Gyarfas were sent out of the compound to dig a grave for Peter Gent, who died in the shootout.[18] Branch had indicated to federal authorities that he wished to exit Mount Carmel Center during the siege on March 11, 1993.[19] He left the compound with Whitecliff with permission from Branch Davidian leader David Koresh on March 19, 1993.[20][21][22] The only reason that the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) received for why they left when they did was because before then "it wasn't time".[23] While jailed after leaving the compound, Branch told NBC that David Koresh sought to challenge other Christian leaders to see who can "reveal the book", meaning the Bible.[24] Also while in jail, Brad Branch told CNN that the April 19 fire that destroyed the Mount Carmel compound was a "systematic assassination by the FBI to eliminate all of the crime scene".[25] Branch soon after the siege also believed that Koresh was not responsible for the fire.[26]

Branch was released from prison in 2006 and lived in the San Antonio area as of 2012.[27] Branch was an aircraft electrician from San Antonio, Texas, before becoming a Branch Davidian.[28]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b Pressley, Sue Anne (February 27, 1994). "JURY ACQUITS CULT MEMBERS OF MURDER IN WACO SHOOTOUT". The Washington Post. ISSN 0190-8286. Retrieved December 29, 2022.
  2. ^ "Jailed Branch Davidians wait, hope as Waco probe reopened". CNN. September 17, 1999. Retrieved December 29, 2022.
  3. ^ Newport, Kenneth G. C. (2006). The Branch Davidians of Waco: The History and Beliefs of An Apocalyptic Sect. Oxford: Oxford University Press. p. 249. ISBN 9780199245741.
  4. ^ "5 Each Get 40 Years In Waco Case". The New York Times. June 18, 1994. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved December 29, 2022.
  5. ^ Associated Press (June 5, 2000). "5 Davidians' Jail Terms Reduced". www.cbsnews.com. Retrieved December 29, 2022.
  6. ^ Cardwell, Cary (February 26, 1994). "Branch Davidians acquitted of murder conspiracy charges". UPI. Retrieved December 29, 2022.
  7. ^ "Judge Restores Weapons Convictions Against 7 Davidians". The Oklahoman. March 10, 1994. Retrieved December 29, 2022.
  8. ^ "5 Branch Davidians' Sentences Are Upheld". The New York Times. September 5, 1997. pp. A32.
  9. ^ "Hearing to reconsider sentencing of Koresh followers". Associated Press. September 4, 1997.
  10. ^ England, Mark; Witherspoon, Tommy (January 14, 2000). "U.S. Supreme Court will hear appeal from Branch Davidians". Cox News Service.
  11. ^ Bryce, Robert (September 22, 2000). "Naked City". The Austin Chronicle. Retrieved December 29, 2022.
  12. ^ "JURIST CUTS DAVIDIAN SENTENCES". Chicago Tribune. September 19, 2000. Retrieved December 29, 2022.
  13. ^ "Judge reduces Davidians' sentences for 1993 raid". Associated Press. September 19, 2000.
  14. ^ "Former Federal Prosecutor Bill Johnson Discusses Branch Davidian Siege in Waco". Southern Poverty Law Center. Retrieved December 29, 2022.
  15. ^ "Cult 'spread fuel hours before fire'". Evening Standard. February 15, 1994.
  16. ^ Associated Press (February 15, 1994). "Koresh Tapes Contain Discussion of Fuel, Fire". Dayton Daily News.
  17. ^ Shannon, Kelley (February 2, 1994). "Branch Davidian Says Koresh Planned ATF Ambush, Mass Suicide". Associated Press.
  18. ^ Doyle, Clive; Wessinger, Catherine; Wittmer, Matthew D. (2012). A Journey to Waco: Autobiography of a Branch Davidian. Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield. p. 142. ISBN 9786613860538.
  19. ^ Kennedy, J. Michael (March 13, 1993). "2 Allowed to Leave Texas Cult Compound : Standoff: Australian man and a mother of 4 come out. Woman's children were released earlier, husband was killed in Feb. 28 shootout". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved December 29, 2022.
  20. ^ "Waco: The Inside Story: Chronology of the Siege". PBS. Retrieved December 29, 2022.
  21. ^ Newport, Kenneth G. C. (2006). The Branch Davidians of Waco: The History and Beliefs of An Apocalyptic Sect. Oxford: Oxford University Press. p. 269. ISBN 9780199245741.
  22. ^ Verhovek, Sam Howe (March 21, 1993). "Leader of Cult Talks of Details Of a Surrender". The New York Times. p. 20.
  23. ^ MacIntyre, Ben (March 13, 1993). "Mother surrenders to Waco besiegers". The Times.
  24. ^ Verhovek, Sam Howe (March 25, 1993). "Decibels, Not Bullets, Bombard Texas Sect". The New York Times. pp. A16.
  25. ^ Kerstetter, Todd (2004). ""That's Just the American Way": The Branch Davidian Tragedy and Western Religious History". Western Historical Quarterly. 35 (4): 453–471. doi:10.2307/25443054. ISSN 0043-3810. JSTOR 25443054.
  26. ^ Aron, Jaime (April 20, 1993). "Cult Followers Still Believers". AP NEWS. Retrieved December 29, 2022.
  27. ^ Doyle, Clive; Wessinger, Catherine; Wittmer, Matthew D. (2012). A Journey to Waco: Autobiography of a Branch Davidian. Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield. p. 180. ISBN 9786613860538.
  28. ^ Reinhold, Robert (March 14, 1993). "Sect Members Are Hurting but the Siege Goes On". The New York Times. p. 24.
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