Kumzari people: Difference between revisions
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{{Infobox ethnic group |
{{Infobox ethnic group |
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| group = Kumzari<br />{{small|Kumzar}} |
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| native_name = {{lang|zum|کومزاري}} |
| native_name = {{lang|zum|کومزاري}} |
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| alt_name = |
| alt_name = |
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| image = |
| image = Kumzari children.jpg |
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| image_caption = |
| image_caption = Kumzari children in [[Musandam Governorate|Musandam]], [[Oman]] |
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| pop = |
| pop = |
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| popplace = |
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| langs = [[Kumzari language|Kumzari]], [[Arabic]] |
| langs = [[Kumzari language|Kumzari]], [[Arabic]] |
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| rels = [[Islam]]<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.dawn.com/news/710175/rare-language-also-under-threat-in-straits-of-hormuz | title=Rare language also under threat in Straits of Hormuz | date=13 April 2012 }}</ref> |
| rels = [[Islam]]<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.dawn.com/news/710175/rare-language-also-under-threat-in-straits-of-hormuz | title=Rare language also under threat in Straits of Hormuz | date=13 April 2012 }}</ref> |
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| related = [[Lurs]] |
| related = [[Lurs]], [[Shihuh]] |
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}} |
}} |
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The '''Kumzari''' or '''Kumzar''' ({{lang|zum|کومزاري}}) are an [[Iranian peoples|Iranian ethnic group]] native to the [[Musandam peninsula]] in northern [[Oman]]. They speak the [[Kumzari language]] along with the [[Shihuh |
The '''Kumzari''' or '''Kumzar''' ({{lang|zum|کومزاري}}) are an [[Iranian peoples|Iranian ethnic group]]{{Citation needed|date=March 2024}} native to the [[Musandam peninsula]] in northern [[Oman]]. They speak the [[Kumzari language]] along with the [[Shihuh]] tribe who are [[Arabs]] unlike the Kumzar. They are traditional [[fisherman]].<ref>{{cite book |last1=Lancaster |first1=William |last2=Lancaster |first2=Fidelity |title=Honour is in Contentment: Life Before Oil in Ras Al-Khaimah (UAE) and Some Neighboring Countries |date=2011 |publisher=Walter de Gruyter |isbn=9783110223392 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Le0Ryxzh7cQC&dq=kumzari+people+fisherman&pg=PA490}}</ref> |
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== History == |
== History == |
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The Kumzari people are said to have been a Persian-related people who travelled to the northern coast of Oman 500 years ag,<ref name=":0">{{cite book |last=IBP, Inc. |first= |author-link=IBP, Inc. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ooWwBgAAQBAJ&dq=kumzari+people&pg=PA12 |title=Oman: How to Invest, Start and Run Profitable Business in Oman Guide |vauthors= |date=2013 |publisher=Lulu.com |isbn=9781433084225}}</ref> with one source claiming they are ethnic [[Lurs]].<ref name=":0" />{{Better source needed|reason=a guide for investment in Oman, not specific, the info is mentionned in the introduction without any reference|date=March 2024}}<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.npr.org/2007/04/28/9881646/an-omani-village-emerges-from-isolation | title=An Omani Village Emerges from Isolation | website=NPR.org }}</ref>{{Failed verification|date=March 2024}} |
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| ⚫ | Other sources say that the Kumzari originated from the [[Azd tribe]] who came to [[Yemen]] in the third to fifth centuries AD.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=van der Wal Anonby |first1=Christina |title=Traces of Arabian in Kumzari |journal=Proceedings of the Seminar for Arabian Studies |date=2014 |volume=44 |pages=137–146 |jstor=43782857 |url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/43782857}}</ref> |
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| ⚫ | Other sources say that the Kumzari originated from the [[Azd tribe]] who came to [[Yemen]] in the third to fifth centuries AD.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=van der Wal Anonby |first1=Christina |title=Traces of Arabian in Kumzari |journal=Proceedings of the Seminar for Arabian Studies |date=2014 |volume=44 |pages=137–146 |jstor=43782857 |url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/43782857}}</ref> The village was ruled by a ''[[Sheikh|shaikh]]'' who was elected by the Kumzari and Shihuh people of Kumzar.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Adamec |first1=Ludwig W. |title=Historical Gazetteer of Iran: Zahidan and southeastern Iran |date=1976 |publisher=Akademische Drucku. Verlagsanstalt |isbn=9783201014281 |page=273 |edition=4 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=iultAAAAMAAJ&q=kumzari+people}}</ref> Many Kumzari shaikhs married people outside of their village like [[Labtiab]].<ref>{{cite book |last1=Cavendish |first1=Marshall |title=World and Its Peoples |date=September 2006 |publisher=2006 |isbn=9780761475712 |edition=1 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=j894miuOqc4C&dq=kumzari+people&pg=PA1561}}</ref> |
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== Traditions == |
== Traditions == |
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Kumzari men perform traditional dances like the ''Dandana'' which is a type of dance during Kumzari weddings.<ref> |
Kumzari men perform traditional dances like the ''Dandana'' which is a type of dance during Kumzari weddings.<ref>https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/ottawa/ottawa-couple-document-centuries-old-oral-language-to-sustain-it-1.3219025 {{Bare URL inline|date=August 2022}}</ref> They are regarded as semi-nomads and travel to the village of [[Khasab]] for trade.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9LtgYikCSX4 | title=Kumzari: The Omani language on the verge of extinction | website=[[YouTube]] }}</ref> They have been regarded as "brave fighters" when it comes to combat.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://prezi.com/p/dugo3rt2gzka/tribes-of-musandamn/ | title=Tribes of Musandam }}</ref> |
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== Language == |
== Language == |
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Latest revision as of 12:33, 8 January 2025
کومزاري | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Regions with significant populations | |
 Oman (Kumzar) | 5,000[1] |
 Iran | 500[2] |
| Languages | |
| Kumzari, Arabic | |
| Religion | |
| Islam[3] | |
| Related ethnic groups | |
| Lurs, Shihuh | |
The Kumzari or Kumzar (کومزاري) are an Iranian ethnic group[citation needed] native to the Musandam peninsula in northern Oman. They speak the Kumzari language along with the Shihuh tribe who are Arabs unlike the Kumzar. They are traditional fisherman.[4]
History
[edit]The Kumzari people are said to have been a Persian-related people who travelled to the northern coast of Oman 500 years ag,[5] with one source claiming they are ethnic Lurs.[5][better source needed][6][failed verification]
Other sources say that the Kumzari originated from the Azd tribe who came to Yemen in the third to fifth centuries AD.[7] The village was ruled by a shaikh who was elected by the Kumzari and Shihuh people of Kumzar.[8] Many Kumzari shaikhs married people outside of their village like Labtiab.[9]
Traditions
[edit]Kumzari men perform traditional dances like the Dandana which is a type of dance during Kumzari weddings.[10] They are regarded as semi-nomads and travel to the village of Khasab for trade.[11] They have been regarded as "brave fighters" when it comes to combat.[12]
Language
[edit]The Kumzari people have spoken the Kumzari language, which has been designated as an Iranian language, but has a huge Arabic influence as well as Portuguese, English, and Balochi.[13][14]
References
[edit]- ^ https://multicast.aspra.uni-bamberg.de/resources/wowa/data/iranian/kumzari_musandam/wowa_iran_kumzari_musandam__metadata.pdf [bare URL PDF]
- ^ https://multicast.aspra.uni-bamberg.de/resources/wowa/data/iranian/kumzari_musandam/wowa_iran_kumzari_musandam__metadata.pdf [bare URL PDF]
- ^ "Rare language also under threat in Straits of Hormuz". 13 April 2012.
- ^ Lancaster, William; Lancaster, Fidelity (2011). Honour is in Contentment: Life Before Oil in Ras Al-Khaimah (UAE) and Some Neighboring Countries. Walter de Gruyter. ISBN 9783110223392.
- ^ a b IBP, Inc. (2013). Oman: How to Invest, Start and Run Profitable Business in Oman Guide. Lulu.com. ISBN 9781433084225.
- ^ "An Omani Village Emerges from Isolation". NPR.org.
- ^ van der Wal Anonby, Christina (2014). "Traces of Arabian in Kumzari". Proceedings of the Seminar for Arabian Studies. 44: 137–146. JSTOR 43782857.
- ^ Adamec, Ludwig W. (1976). Historical Gazetteer of Iran: Zahidan and southeastern Iran (4 ed.). Akademische Drucku. Verlagsanstalt. p. 273. ISBN 9783201014281.
- ^ Cavendish, Marshall (September 2006). World and Its Peoples (1 ed.). 2006. ISBN 9780761475712.
- ^ https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/ottawa/ottawa-couple-document-centuries-old-oral-language-to-sustain-it-1.3219025 [bare URL]
- ^ "Kumzari: The Omani language on the verge of extinction". YouTube.
- ^ "Tribes of Musandam".
- ^ "The hidden world of the kumzaris". 12 June 2019.
- ^ "Why the Kumzari tongue consists of ancient words with a future". 7 December 2012.