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Coordinates: 54°12′35″N 0°17′20″W / 54.20972°N 0.28889°W / 54.20972; -0.28889
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| static_image_2_caption = Coat of arms
| static_image_2_caption = Coat of arms
| static_image_2_width = 100px
| static_image_2_width = 100px
| coordinates = {{coord|54.2101|-0.2893|display=inline,title}}
| coordinates = {{coord|54|12|35|N|0|17|20|W|display=inline,title}}
| label_position = top
| label_position = top
| population = 6,981
| population = 6,981
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</ref>
</ref>


{{Weather box
|location = Scarborough, North Yorkshire:<br>{{nobold|Average maximum and minimum temperatures, and average rainfall recorded between 1991 and 2020 by the [[Met Office]].}}
|metric first = yes
|single line = yes
|Jan high C = 6.7
|Feb high C = 7.1
|Mar high C = 9.1
|Apr high C = 11.4
|May high C = 14.0
|Jun high C = 16.9
|Jul high C = 19.2
|Aug high C = 19.1
|Sep high C = 16.7
|Oct high C = 13.1
|Nov high C = 9.5
|Dec high C = 7.0
|year high C = 12.5

|Jan low C = 2.0
|Feb low C = 2.0
|Mar low C = 3.1
|Apr low C = 5.0
|May low C = 7.4
|Jun low C = 10.1
|Jul low C = 12.2
|Aug low C = 12.4
|Sep low C = 10.5
|Oct low C = 7.9
|Nov low C = 4.6
|Dec low C = 2.4
|year low C = 6.66

|Jan precipitation mm = 56.9
|Feb precipitation mm = 48.8
|Mar precipitation mm = 45.5
|Apr precipitation mm = 50.4
|May precipitation mm = 45.2
|Jun precipitation mm = 65.5
|Jul precipitation mm = 56.6
|Aug precipitation mm = 69.5
|Sep precipitation mm = 57.3
|Oct precipitation mm = 68.4
|Nov precipitation mm = 73.4
|Dec precipitation mm = 68.0
|year precipitation mm = 705.5

| unit precipitation days = 1.0 mm
| Jan precipitation days = 12.1
| Feb precipitation days = 11.5
| Mar precipitation days = 9.5
| Apr precipitation days = 9.1
| May precipitation days = 8.3
| Jun precipitation days = 9.9
| Jul precipitation days = 10.0
| Aug precipitation days = 10.2
| Sep precipitation days = 9.4
| Oct precipitation days = 11.6
| Nov precipitation days = 13.0
| Dec precipitation days = 12.8
| year precipitation days = 127.3

| Jan sun = 56.3
| Feb sun = 83.5
| Mar sun = 117.9
| Apr sun = 164.8
| May sun = 213.8
| Jun sun = 189.3
| Jul sun = 201.3
| Aug sun = 188.5
| Sep sun = 142.5
| Oct sun = 101.9
| Nov sun = 64.9
| Dec sun = 54.2
| year sun = 1578.8

|source 1 = Met Office<ref>{{cite web |title=Scarborough UK climate averages |url=https://www.metoffice.gov.uk/research/climate/maps-and-data/uk-climate-averages/gcxsy2j7j |website=metoffice.gov.uk |access-date=25 April 2024}}</ref>
}}
==History==
==History==
[[File:Filey church.jpg|left|thumb|[[Church of St Oswald, Filey|St Oswald's Church]]]]
[[File:Filey church.jpg|left|thumb|[[Church of St Oswald, Filey|St Oswald's Church]]]]
In 1857 the foundations of a 4th-century Roman signal station were discovered at the Carr Naze cliff edge at the northern end of Filey Bay. The structure is {{convert|50|m|order=flip}} long with a square tower {{convert|14|m|order=flip}} wide, a defensive ditch and ramparts from a later era. Excavations at the time of the find and subsequently in the 1920s and 1990s uncovered Roman pottery and hoards of coins. The site is a protected [[Scheduled monument|Scheduled Monument]]. The find of Roman remains supports the case for Filey being the Roman settlement of ''[[Portus Felix]]''.<ref>{{NHLE|num=1004187|desc=Roman signal station, Carr Naze|access-date=28 August 2020}}</ref><ref>{{PastScape|mname=FILEY ROMAN SIGNAL STATION|mnumber=81380|access-date=28 August 2020}}</ref>
In 1857 the foundations of a 4th-century Roman signal station were discovered at the Carr Naze cliff edge at the northern end of Filey Bay. The structure is {{convert|50|m|order=flip}} long with a square tower {{convert|14|m|order=flip}} wide, a defensive ditch and ramparts from a later era. Excavations at the time of the find and subsequently in the 1920s and 1990s uncovered Roman pottery and hoards of coins. The site is a protected [[Scheduled monument|Scheduled Monument]]. The find of Roman remains supports the case for Filey being the Roman settlement of ''[[Portus Felix]]''.<ref>{{NHLE|num=1004187|desc=Roman signal station, Carr Naze|access-date=28 August 2020}}</ref><ref>{{PastScape|mname=FILEY ROMAN SIGNAL STATION|mnumber=81380|access-date=28 August 2020}}</ref>


The 12th century parish church dedicated to [[Church of St Oswald, Filey|St Oswald]], on Church Hill in the north of the town, is a [[Grade I listed building]].<ref>{{National Heritage List for England|num=1316455|desc=Church of St Oswald|access-date = 23 February 2014}}</ref> It is the oldest building in Filey<ref>{{cite web|title=Filey Town Council|url=http://www.fileytowncouncil.co.uk/history.html|website=www.fileytowncouncil.co.uk|access-date=30 November 2017}}</ref> and Nicholas Pevsner wrote "This is easily the finest church in the NE corner of the East Riding" (Buildings of England).<ref>
The 12th century parish church dedicated to [[Church of St Oswald, Filey|St Oswald]], on Church Hill in the north of the town, is a [[Grade I listed building]].<ref>{{National Heritage List for England|num=1316455|desc=Church of St Oswald|access-date = 23 February 2014}}</ref> It is the oldest building in Filey<ref>{{cite web|title=Filey Town Council|url=http://www.fileytowncouncil.co.uk/history.html|website=www.fileytowncouncil.co.uk|access-date=30 November 2017|archive-date=8 March 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190308015600/http://www.fileytowncouncil.co.uk/history.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> and Nicholas Pevsner wrote "This is easily the finest church in the NE corner of the East Riding" (Buildings of England).<ref>
{{cite book
{{cite book
| last1 = Pevsner
| last1 = Pevsner
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</ref> St Oswald's has nearly 1,500 pieces of well-preserved medieval graffiti on the roof of the tower, ranging from initials up to complicated images of fully rigged sailing vessels, including one known as a Whitby Cat. The graffiti covers around 400 years of Filey's history, and maps out identifiable people, their occupations, changes in literacy and coastal shipping, the start of tourism in the area, and even a possible record of 17th century plague. The graffiti was recorded and analysed by [[Historic England]] in 2016.<ref>{{cite web|title=Historic Graffiti on the Tower of St. Oswald's Church, Filey, North Yorkshire: recording and Interpretation. Historic England Research Report 62/2016|url=https://research.historicengland.org.uk/Report.aspx?i=15589&ru=/Results.aspx?p=1&n=10&rn=62&ry=2016&ns=1|last=Buglass|first=J.|date=2016|website=research.historicengland.org.uk|access-date=19 May 2020}}</ref>
</ref> St Oswald's has nearly 1,500 pieces of well-preserved medieval graffiti on the roof of the tower, ranging from initials up to complicated images of fully rigged sailing vessels, including one known as a Whitby Cat. The graffiti covers around 400 years of Filey's history, and maps out identifiable people, their occupations, changes in literacy and coastal shipping, the start of tourism in the area, and even a possible record of 17th century plague. The graffiti was recorded and analysed by [[Historic England]] in 2016.<ref>{{cite web|title=Historic Graffiti on the Tower of St. Oswald's Church, Filey, North Yorkshire: recording and Interpretation. Historic England Research Report 62/2016|url=https://research.historicengland.org.uk/Report.aspx?i=15589&ru=/Results.aspx?p=1&n=10&rn=62&ry=2016&ns=1|last=Buglass|first=J.|date=2016|website=research.historicengland.org.uk|access-date=19 May 2020}}</ref>


Filey was a small village until the 18th century when visitors from [[Scarborough, North Yorkshire|Scarborough]] arrived seeking the peace and quiet that Filey then offered. In 1835 a [[Birmingham]] [[solicitor]] called John Wilkes Unett bought {{convert|7|acre|ha}} of land and built the Crescent, later known as the Royal Crescent, which was opened in the 1850s.<ref>{{cite web|title=Filey Conservation Area|url=https://democracy.scarborough.gov.uk/documents/s26846/HRP11551%20ANNEX1_Filey%20Character%20Appraisal%20Compressed.pdf|website=scarborough.gov.uk|access-date=30 November 2017|pages=9–10}}</ref> On several occasions in the mid-19th century, the novelist [[Charlotte Brontë]] visited Filey with the aim of recovering her faltering health. In June 1852 she wrote to her father: "The Sea is very grand. Yesterday it was a somewhat unusually high tide - and I stood about an hour on the cliffs yesterday afternoon - watching the tumbling in of great tawny turbid waves - that make the whole shore white with foam and filled the air with a sound hollower and deeper than thunder.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Brontë |first1=Charlotte |title=Selected Letters |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8CiQDwAAQBAJ&dq=The+sea+is+very+grand.+Yesterday+was+a+somewhat+unusually+high+tide+-+and+I+stood+about+an+hour+on+the+cliffs+yesterday+afternoon+-+watching+the+tumbling+in+of+great+tawny+turbid+waves+-+that+make+the+whole&pg=PA204 |publisher=Oxford University Press |access-date=29 June 2021 |date=9 September 2010|isbn=978-0-19-161287-9 }}</ref>
Filey was a small village until the 18th century when visitors from [[Scarborough, North Yorkshire|Scarborough]] arrived seeking the peace and quiet that Filey then offered. In 1835 a [[Birmingham]] [[solicitor]] called John Wilkes Unett bought {{convert|7|acre|ha}} of land and built the Crescent, later known as the Royal Crescent, which was opened in the 1850s.<ref>{{cite web|title=Filey Conservation Area|url=https://democracy.scarborough.gov.uk/documents/s26846/HRP11551%20ANNEX1_Filey%20Character%20Appraisal%20Compressed.pdf|website=scarborough.gov.uk|access-date=30 November 2017|pages=9–10|archive-date=14 April 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210414150707/https://democracy.scarborough.gov.uk/documents/s26846/HRP11551%20ANNEX1_Filey%20Character%20Appraisal%20Compressed.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref> On several occasions in the mid-19th century, the novelist [[Charlotte Brontë]] visited Filey with the aim of recovering her faltering health. In June 1852 she wrote to her father: "The Sea is very grand. Yesterday it was a somewhat unusually high tide - and I stood about an hour on the cliffs yesterday afternoon - watching the tumbling in of great tawny turbid waves - that make the whole shore white with foam and filled the air with a sound hollower and deeper than thunder.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Brontë |first1=Charlotte |title=Selected Letters |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8CiQDwAAQBAJ&dq=The+sea+is+very+grand.+Yesterday+was+a+somewhat+unusually+high+tide+-+and+I+stood+about+an+hour+on+the+cliffs+yesterday+afternoon+-+watching+the+tumbling+in+of+great+tawny+turbid+waves+-+that+make+the+whole&pg=PA204 |publisher=Oxford University Press |access-date=29 June 2021 |date=9 September 2010|isbn=978-0-19-161287-9 }}</ref>
[[File:Filey (33895530370).jpg|thumb|right|The Lobster sculpture]]
[[File:Filey (33895530370).jpg|thumb|right|The Lobster sculpture]]
[[Yorkshire coast fishery|Fishing]] at Filey has been a tradition for centuries, with most of those undertaking it coming from a long line of fishermen and women in their families. The fishing boats at Filey are [[coble]]s, like most of the others along the Yorkshire and North East coasts, and the catch is mostly sea trout. Limitations have been placed upon how and where they use their nets, which also trap salmon; some fear this may lead to the end of the fishing industry in Filey.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Ponter |first1=Richard |title=Why Filey's fishermen fear they may be the last generation to cast their nets |url=https://www.yorkshirepost.co.uk/news/analysis/why-filey-s-fishermen-fear-they-may-be-the-last-generation-to-cast-their-nets-1-9043304 |access-date=9 March 2019 |work=The Yorkshire Post |date=3 March 2018}}</ref> In 1804, a lifeboat was procured for the town and it became a [[Royal National Lifeboat Institution]] asset in 1852. [[Filey Lifeboat Station]] is still in existence and has an inshore and an all-weather boat on station.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Chrystal |first1=Paul |title=Lifeboat stations of North East England through time : from Sunderland to the Humber |date=2012 |publisher=Amberley |location=Stroud |isbn=978-1-4456-1376-5 |page=60}}</ref> The all-weather lifeboat was replaced in early 2021 with an Atlantic 85 vessel.<ref>{{cite news|date=30 October 2020|title=Filey Looks Set to Lose it's All Weather Lifeboat Next Year|work=This is The Coast|url=https://www.thisisthecoast.co.uk/news/local-news/filey-looks-set-to-lose-its-all-weather-lifeboat-next-year/|access-date=11 January 2021}}</ref>
[[Yorkshire coast fishery|Fishing]] at Filey has been a tradition for centuries, with most of those undertaking it coming from a long line of fishermen and women in their families. The fishing boats at Filey are [[coble]]s, like most of the others along the Yorkshire and North East coasts, and the catch is mostly sea trout. Limitations have been placed upon how and where they use their nets, which also trap salmon; some fear this may lead to the end of the fishing industry in Filey.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Ponter |first1=Richard |title=Why Filey's fishermen fear they may be the last generation to cast their nets |url=https://www.yorkshirepost.co.uk/news/analysis/why-filey-s-fishermen-fear-they-may-be-the-last-generation-to-cast-their-nets-1-9043304 |access-date=9 March 2019 |work=The Yorkshire Post |date=3 March 2018}}</ref> In 1804, a lifeboat was procured for the town and it became a [[Royal National Lifeboat Institution]] asset in 1852. [[Filey Lifeboat Station]] is still in existence and has an inshore and an all-weather boat on station.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Chrystal |first1=Paul |title=Lifeboat stations of North East England through time : from Sunderland to the Humber |date=2012 |publisher=Amberley |location=Stroud |isbn=978-1-4456-1376-5 |page=60}}</ref> The all-weather lifeboat was replaced in early 2021 with an Atlantic 85 vessel.<ref>{{cite news|date=30 October 2020|title=Filey Looks Set to Lose it's All Weather Lifeboat Next Year|work=This is The Coast|url=https://www.thisisthecoast.co.uk/news/local-news/filey-looks-set-to-lose-its-all-weather-lifeboat-next-year/|access-date=11 January 2021}}</ref>
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Filey was historically split between the East Riding of Yorkshire and the North Riding of Yorkshire. The boundary ran along Filey Beck, north of the town centre, so that most of the town was in the East Riding. When County Councils were formed by the Local Government Act 1888, the whole of Filey was placed in the East Riding.<ref>[[Local Government Act 1888#Towns on county boundaries]]</ref>
Filey was historically split between the East Riding of Yorkshire and the North Riding of Yorkshire. The boundary ran along Filey Beck, north of the town centre, so that most of the town was in the East Riding. When County Councils were formed by the Local Government Act 1888, the whole of Filey was placed in the East Riding.<ref>[[Local Government Act 1888#Towns on county boundaries]]</ref>


Filey also boasts the Grade II listed Langford Villa on The Crescent ({{circa|1830}})<ref>{{NHLE|num=1296721|desc=Langford Villa|access-date=27 March 2019}}</ref> which was often chosen by the famous chocolatier Sir [[Joseph Terry]] as his place to "summer";<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.filey.co.uk/places/filey/places-to-stay/langford-villa/|title=Langford Villa|website=filey.co.uk|access-date=4 November 2020}}</ref> it is situated next door but one to The White Lodge Hotel.
Filey also boasts the Grade II listed Langford Villa on The Crescent ({{circa|1830}})<ref>{{NHLE|num=1296721|desc=Langford Villa|access-date=27 March 2019}}</ref> which was often chosen by the famous chocolatier Sir [[Joseph Terry]] as his place to "summer";<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.filey.co.uk/places/filey/places-to-stay/langford-villa/|title=Langford Villa|website=filey.co.uk|date=16 April 2015 |access-date=4 November 2020}}</ref> it is situated next door but one to The White Lodge Hotel.


In [[2018 Tour de Yorkshire|2018]], the town was featured in the [[Tour de Yorkshire]] for the first time.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.yorkshirecoastradio.com/news/local-news/2446985/tour-de-yorkshire-filey-in---scarborough-hosts-finish/|title=Tour de Yorkshire: Filey In - Scarborough Hosts Finish|date=5 December 2017|work=Yorkshire Coast Radio|access-date=20 March 2018}}</ref>
In [[2018 Tour de Yorkshire|2018]], the town was featured in the [[Tour de Yorkshire]] for the first time.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.yorkshirecoastradio.com/news/local-news/2446985/tour-de-yorkshire-filey-in---scarborough-hosts-finish/|title=Tour de Yorkshire: Filey In - Scarborough Hosts Finish|date=5 December 2017|work=Yorkshire Coast Radio|access-date=20 March 2018}}</ref>
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| next_election1 = TBC
| next_election1 = TBC
| website = {{URL|https://www.fileytowncouncil.co.uk}}
| website = {{URL|https://www.fileytowncouncil.co.uk}}
| meeting_place = Council Offices, Filey
| session_room = Old Council Offices Filey - geograph.org.uk - 3055373.jpg
| meeting_place = [[Filey Town Council Offices]]
| footnotes =
| footnotes =
}}
}}
At the lowest level of governance is Filey Town Council, electing a total of thirteen councillors. These councillors are responsible for burial grounds, allotments, play areas and some street lighting. Elections to the town council are held every four years and the most recent elections were held in May 2019. The Mayor of Filey is elected annually by the members of the town council.
At the lowest level of governance is Filey Town Council, electing a total of thirteen councillors. These councillors are responsible for burial grounds, allotments, play areas and some street lighting. Elections to the town council are held every four years and the most recent elections were held in May 2019. The Mayor of Filey is elected annually by the members of the town council. The council is based at [[Filey Town Council Offices]] on Queen Street.<ref>{{cite web |title=Filey Town Council |url=https://www.fileyheritage.org/town-walk/7-filey-town-council/ |website=Filey Heritage Group |access-date=16 September 2024}}</ref>


At district level, the town was part of the [[Borough of Scarborough#Borough council|Scarborough Borough Council]] area. The town was represented by three councillors on the [[Districts of England|Borough Council]]. On the [[North Yorkshire County Council]] the town elected one representative. Both councils were abolished in 2023 and replaced with a unitary authority, [[North Yorkshire Council]].
At district level, the town was part of the [[Borough of Scarborough#Borough council|Scarborough Borough Council]] area. The town was represented by three councillors on the [[Districts of England|Borough Council]]. On the [[North Yorkshire County Council]] the town elected one representative. Both councils were abolished in 2023 and replaced with a unitary authority, [[North Yorkshire Council]].
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==Local media==
==Local media==
Local news and television programmes are provided by [[BBC Yorkshire]] and [[ITV Yorkshire]]. Television signals are received from the [[Oliver's Mount]] and via a local relay transmitter at [[Hunmanby]]. <ref>{{cite web|url=https://ukfree.tv/transmitters/tv/Olivers_Mount|title=Olivers Mount (North Yorkshire, England) Full Freeview transmitter|date=1 May 2004|website=UK Free TV|accessdate=6 September 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://ukfree.tv/transmitters/tv/Hunmanby|title=Hunmanby (North Yorkshire, England) Freeview Light transmitter|date=1 May 2004|website=UK Free TV|accessdate=6 September 2023}}</ref> [[BBC North East and Cumbria]] and [[ITV Tyne Tees]] can also be received from the [[Bilsdale transmitting station|Bilsdale]] TV transmitter.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://ukfree.tv/transmitters/tv/Bilsdale|title=Bilsdale (North Yorkshire, England) Full Freeview transmitter|date=1 May 2004|website=UK Free TV|accessdate=6 September 2023}}</ref>
Local news and television programmes are provided by [[BBC Yorkshire]] and [[ITV Yorkshire]]. Television signals are received from the [[Oliver's Mount]] and via a local relay transmitter at [[Hunmanby]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://ukfree.tv/transmitters/tv/Olivers_Mount|title=Olivers Mount (North Yorkshire, England) Full Freeview transmitter|date=1 May 2004|website=UK Free TV|accessdate=6 September 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://ukfree.tv/transmitters/tv/Hunmanby|title=Hunmanby (North Yorkshire, England) Freeview Light transmitter|date=1 May 2004|website=UK Free TV|accessdate=6 September 2023}}</ref> [[BBC North East and Cumbria]] and [[ITV Tyne Tees]] can also be received from the [[Bilsdale transmitting station|Bilsdale]] TV transmitter.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://ukfree.tv/transmitters/tv/Bilsdale|title=Bilsdale (North Yorkshire, England) Full Freeview transmitter|date=1 May 2004|website=UK Free TV|accessdate=6 September 2023}}</ref>


Filey’s local radio stations are [[BBC Radio York]] on 95.5 FM, [[Greatest Hits Radio Yorkshire Coast|Yorkshire Coast Radio]] on 96.2 FM, [[Coast & County Radio]] on 97.4 FM and [[This is The Coast]] that broadcasts online and on [[Digital Audio Broadcasting|DAB]].
Filey’s local radio stations are [[BBC Radio York]] on 95.5 FM, [[Greatest Hits Radio Yorkshire|Greatest Hits Radio Yorkshire Coast]] on 96.2 FM, [[Coast & County Radio]] on 97.4 FM and [[This is The Coast]] that broadcasts online and on [[Digital Audio Broadcasting|DAB]].


Local newspapers are ''Filey Bay Today'' <ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.fileybaytoday.co.uk/|title=Local News &#124; Filey Bay Today &#124; Filey|website=Filey Bay Today|accessdate=6 September 2023}}</ref> and ''[[The Scarborough News]]''.
Local newspapers are ''Filey Bay Today''<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.fileybaytoday.co.uk/|title=Local News &#124; Filey Bay Today &#124; Filey|website=Filey Bay Today|accessdate=6 September 2023}}</ref> and ''[[The Scarborough News]]''.


==Notable people==
==Notable people==
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==See also==
==See also==
*[[Listed buildings in Filey]]
*[[Filey School]]
*[[Filey School]]
*[[Scarborough Pottery]]
*[[Scarborough Pottery]]
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{{Commons category|Filey}}
{{Commons category|Filey}}
{{Wikivoyage|Filey}}
{{Wikivoyage|Filey}}
*[https://www.fileytoday.co.uk/ Filey Today - Local Community Website]
*[http://www.fbog.co.uk/ Filey Bird Observatory & Group]
*[http://www.fbog.co.uk/ Filey Bird Observatory & Group]
*[http://www.fileytowncouncil.co.uk/ Filey Town Council]
*[http://www.fileytowncouncil.co.uk/ Filey Town Council]

Latest revision as of 14:31, 5 December 2024

Filey
Town
From the top, Crescent Gardens, The Beach, Filey Brigg
Coat of arms
Filey is located in North Yorkshire
Filey
Filey
Location within North Yorkshire
Area3.29 sq mi (8.5 km2)
Population6,981 (2011 census)[1]
• Density2,122/sq mi (819/km2)
OS grid referenceTA115807
Unitary authority
Ceremonial county
Region
CountryEngland
Sovereign stateUnited Kingdom
Post townFILEY
Postcode districtYO14
Dialling code01723
PoliceNorth Yorkshire
FireNorth Yorkshire
AmbulanceYorkshire
UK Parliament
List of places
UK
England
Yorkshire
54°12′35″N 0°17′20″W / 54.20972°N 0.28889°W / 54.20972; -0.28889

Filey (/ˈfaɪli/) is a seaside town and civil parish in North Yorkshire, England. It is located between Scarborough and Bridlington on Filey Bay. Although it was a fishing village, it has a large beach and became a popular tourist resort. According to the 2011 UK census, Filey parish had a population of 6,981,[1] in comparison to the 2001 UK census population figure of 6,819,[2] and a population of 6,870 in 1991.[3]

Filey was historically mainly within the East Riding of Yorkshire, although until 1888 a small part of the town, including its parish church, was in the North Riding of Yorkshire.[4] In 1974 the town was transferred to the new county of North Yorkshire.

Geography

[edit]

Filey is at the eastern end of the Cleveland Way, a long-distance footpath; it starts at Helmsley and skirts the North York Moors.[5] It was the second National Trail to be opened (1969). The town is at the northern end of the Yorkshire Wolds Way National Trail which starts at Hessle and crosses the Yorkshire Wolds.[6] Filey is the finishing point for Great Yorkshire Bike Ride. The 70-mile (110 km) ride begins at Wetherby Racecourse.[7]

Fishing boats on the Sea-front

Filey has a railway station on the Yorkshire Coast Line. A second station at Filey Holiday Camp railway station to the south of the town served the former Butlins holiday camp.[8] The camp has since been re-developed into a 600-home holiday housing development, The Bay Filey.[9] It is one of the largest coastal developments of this kind in the UK and the first homes were completed in 2007.[10]

In July 2007 Filey was hit by flash floods which caused major problems.[11][12]

Climate data for Scarborough, North Yorkshire:
Average maximum and minimum temperatures, and average rainfall recorded between 1991 and 2020 by the Met Office.
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) 6.7
(44.1) 		7.1
(44.8) 		9.1
(48.4) 		11.4
(52.5) 		14.0
(57.2) 		16.9
(62.4) 		19.2
(66.6) 		19.1
(66.4) 		16.7
(62.1) 		13.1
(55.6) 		9.5
(49.1) 		7.0
(44.6) 		12.5
(54.5)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) 2.0
(35.6) 		2.0
(35.6) 		3.1
(37.6) 		5.0
(41.0) 		7.4
(45.3) 		10.1
(50.2) 		12.2
(54.0) 		12.4
(54.3) 		10.5
(50.9) 		7.9
(46.2) 		4.6
(40.3) 		2.4
(36.3) 		6.66
(43.99)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 56.9
(2.24) 		48.8
(1.92) 		45.5
(1.79) 		50.4
(1.98) 		45.2
(1.78) 		65.5
(2.58) 		56.6
(2.23) 		69.5
(2.74) 		57.3
(2.26) 		68.4
(2.69) 		73.4
(2.89) 		68.0
(2.68) 		705.5
(27.78)
Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm) 12.1 11.5 9.5 9.1 8.3 9.9 10.0 10.2 9.4 11.6 13.0 12.8 127.3
Mean monthly sunshine hours 56.3 83.5 117.9 164.8 213.8 189.3 201.3 188.5 142.5 101.9 64.9 54.2 1,578.8
Source: Met Office[13]

History

[edit]
St Oswald's Church

In 1857 the foundations of a 4th-century Roman signal station were discovered at the Carr Naze cliff edge at the northern end of Filey Bay. The structure is 160 feet (50 m) long with a square tower 46 feet (14 m) wide, a defensive ditch and ramparts from a later era. Excavations at the time of the find and subsequently in the 1920s and 1990s uncovered Roman pottery and hoards of coins. The site is a protected Scheduled Monument. The find of Roman remains supports the case for Filey being the Roman settlement of Portus Felix.[14][15]

The 12th century parish church dedicated to St Oswald, on Church Hill in the north of the town, is a Grade I listed building.[16] It is the oldest building in Filey[17] and Nicholas Pevsner wrote "This is easily the finest church in the NE corner of the East Riding" (Buildings of England).[18] St Oswald's has nearly 1,500 pieces of well-preserved medieval graffiti on the roof of the tower, ranging from initials up to complicated images of fully rigged sailing vessels, including one known as a Whitby Cat. The graffiti covers around 400 years of Filey's history, and maps out identifiable people, their occupations, changes in literacy and coastal shipping, the start of tourism in the area, and even a possible record of 17th century plague. The graffiti was recorded and analysed by Historic England in 2016.[19]

Filey was a small village until the 18th century when visitors from Scarborough arrived seeking the peace and quiet that Filey then offered. In 1835 a Birmingham solicitor called John Wilkes Unett bought 7 acres (2.8 ha) of land and built the Crescent, later known as the Royal Crescent, which was opened in the 1850s.[20] On several occasions in the mid-19th century, the novelist Charlotte Brontë visited Filey with the aim of recovering her faltering health. In June 1852 she wrote to her father: "The Sea is very grand. Yesterday it was a somewhat unusually high tide - and I stood about an hour on the cliffs yesterday afternoon - watching the tumbling in of great tawny turbid waves - that make the whole shore white with foam and filled the air with a sound hollower and deeper than thunder.[21]

The Lobster sculpture

Fishing at Filey has been a tradition for centuries, with most of those undertaking it coming from a long line of fishermen and women in their families. The fishing boats at Filey are cobles, like most of the others along the Yorkshire and North East coasts, and the catch is mostly sea trout. Limitations have been placed upon how and where they use their nets, which also trap salmon; some fear this may lead to the end of the fishing industry in Filey.[22] In 1804, a lifeboat was procured for the town and it became a Royal National Lifeboat Institution asset in 1852. Filey Lifeboat Station is still in existence and has an inshore and an all-weather boat on station.[23] The all-weather lifeboat was replaced in early 2021 with an Atlantic 85 vessel.[24]

English composer Frederick Delius stayed as a boy on the Crescent with his family at Miss Hurd's boarding house (number 24) in 1876 and 1877, and then at Mrs Colley's (number 24) in 1897.[25][26]

In 1931 the spire of a church was damaged by the Dogger Bank earthquake.[27]

The Station Pub

For more than 40 years Butlin's Filey Holiday Camp was a major factor in Filey's economy. Building began in 1939 and continued during the Second World War when it became an air force station known as RAF Hunmanby Moor. In 1945 it became a popular holiday resort and a new LNER branch line with station was constructed to serve the camp despite the topographical challenges involved. It opened on 10 May 1947 with a performance by the London International Orchestra conducted by Anatole Fistoulari with a performance by acclaimed pianist Solomon. British boxer Bruce Woodcock was convalescing at the Butlin's camp around the same time following his punishing defeat at the hands of Joe Baksi a month earlier.[28] By the late 1950s it could cater for 10,000 holiday makers but closed in 1984, causing a decrease in the holiday makers visiting Filey.[29]

Filey was historically split between the East Riding of Yorkshire and the North Riding of Yorkshire. The boundary ran along Filey Beck, north of the town centre, so that most of the town was in the East Riding. When County Councils were formed by the Local Government Act 1888, the whole of Filey was placed in the East Riding.[30]

Filey also boasts the Grade II listed Langford Villa on The Crescent (c. 1830)[31] which was often chosen by the famous chocolatier Sir Joseph Terry as his place to "summer";[32] it is situated next door but one to The White Lodge Hotel.

In 2018, the town was featured in the Tour de Yorkshire for the first time.[33]

Governance

[edit]
Filey Town Council
Seal
Type
Type
Leadership
Jacqui Houlden-Banks
Linda Randall
David Liddle
Structure
Seats13 Councillors
Length of term
4 years
11 / 13
2 / 13
Elections
Plurality-at-large
Last election
5 May 2022
Next election
TBC
Meeting place
Filey Town Council Offices
Website
www.fileytowncouncil.co.uk

At the lowest level of governance is Filey Town Council, electing a total of thirteen councillors. These councillors are responsible for burial grounds, allotments, play areas and some street lighting. Elections to the town council are held every four years and the most recent elections were held in May 2019. The Mayor of Filey is elected annually by the members of the town council. The council is based at Filey Town Council Offices on Queen Street.[34]

At district level, the town was part of the Scarborough Borough Council area. The town was represented by three councillors on the Borough Council. On the North Yorkshire County Council the town elected one representative. Both councils were abolished in 2023 and replaced with a unitary authority, North Yorkshire Council.

Parliamentary representation

[edit]

Filey was in the Ryedale constituency until the 2010 general election when it became part of the newly formed Thirsk and Malton constituency.[35] Proposed boundary changes to the constituencies, would see Filey be moved from Thirsk and Malton into the Scarborough and Whitby constituency.[36]

Development

[edit]

Coast & Country Housing Limited plan to build 300 houses in Filey. Scarborough council has approved plans for the £45 million housing project off Muston Road by Coast & Country. Independent councillor Sam Cross, who represents Filey on the borough council, said: "The infrastructure of the town can't cope with it."[37] Coast and Country replied to the concerns by stating that the houses are being built to meet a pent-up latent demand for affordable housing and other housing within the town.[37]

Local media

[edit]

Local news and television programmes are provided by BBC Yorkshire and ITV Yorkshire. Television signals are received from the Oliver's Mount and via a local relay transmitter at Hunmanby.[38][39] BBC North East and Cumbria and ITV Tyne Tees can also be received from the Bilsdale TV transmitter.[40]

Filey’s local radio stations are BBC Radio York on 95.5 FM, Greatest Hits Radio Yorkshire Coast on 96.2 FM, Coast & County Radio on 97.4 FM and This is The Coast that broadcasts online and on DAB.

Local newspapers are Filey Bay Today[41] and The Scarborough News.

Notable people

[edit]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b UK Census (2011). "Local Area Report – Filey Parish (1170217336)". Nomis. Office for National Statistics. Retrieved 3 March 2018.
  2. ^ UK Census (2001). "Local Area Report – Filey Parish (36UG016)". Nomis. Office for National Statistics. Retrieved 4 March 2020.
  3. ^ Pevsner, Nikolaus (1995). Hutchinson, John; Neave, David; Neave, Susan (eds.). Yorkshire : York and the East Riding (2 ed.). London: Yale University Press. p. 415. ISBN 0-300-09593-7.
  4. ^ Great Britain Historical GIS / University of Portsmouth, Filey East Riding. Retrieved 6 June 2023.
  5. ^ "Route Description & Downloads | National Trails". www.nationaltrail.co.uk. Retrieved 30 November 2017.
  6. ^ "Signing the Yorkshire Wolds Way through Filey | News from the Yorkshire Wolds Way | National Trails". www.nationaltrail.co.uk. Retrieved 30 November 2017.
  7. ^ "GYBR | Route details". www.gybr.co.uk. Retrieved 30 November 2017.
  8. ^ "Disused Stations: Filey Holiday Camp Station". www.disused-stations.org.uk. Retrieved 30 November 2017.
  9. ^ Greenwood, Lynne (26 October 2006). "Hi de Hi for a holiday home". The Daily Telegraph. London. Archived from the original on 22 December 2007. Retrieved 2 May 2010.
  10. ^ "Home page". The Bay Filey. Retrieved 13 March 2013.
  11. ^ "Floods Hit". Filey & Hunmanby Mercury. 18 July 2007. Retrieved 9 December 2007.
  12. ^ "Flash floods hit east coast town". BBC. BBC News Online. 18 July 2007. Retrieved 29 February 2008.
  13. ^ "Scarborough UK climate averages". metoffice.gov.uk. Retrieved 25 April 2024.
  14. ^ Historic England. "Roman signal station, Carr Naze (1004187)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 28 August 2020.
  15. ^ Historic England. "FILEY ROMAN SIGNAL STATION (81380)". Research records (formerly PastScape). Retrieved 28 August 2020.
  16. ^ Historic England. "Church of St Oswald (1316455)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 23 February 2014.
  17. ^ "Filey Town Council". www.fileytowncouncil.co.uk. Archived from the original on 8 March 2019. Retrieved 30 November 2017.
  18. ^ Pevsner, Nikolaus; Neave, David (2002) [1972]. Yorkshire: York and the East Riding: The Buildings of England (2nd ed.). Yale University Press. ISBN 0-300-09593-7.
  19. ^ Buglass, J. (2016). "Historic Graffiti on the Tower of St. Oswald's Church, Filey, North Yorkshire: recording and Interpretation. Historic England Research Report 62/2016". research.historicengland.org.uk. Retrieved 19 May 2020.
  20. ^ "Filey Conservation Area" (PDF). scarborough.gov.uk. pp. 9–10. Archived from the original (PDF) on 14 April 2021. Retrieved 30 November 2017.
  21. ^ Brontë, Charlotte (9 September 2010). Selected Letters. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-161287-9. Retrieved 29 June 2021.
  22. ^ Ponter, Richard (3 March 2018). "Why Filey's fishermen fear they may be the last generation to cast their nets". The Yorkshire Post. Retrieved 9 March 2019.
  23. ^ Chrystal, Paul (2012). Lifeboat stations of North East England through time : from Sunderland to the Humber. Stroud: Amberley. p. 60. ISBN 978-1-4456-1376-5.
  24. ^ "Filey Looks Set to Lose it's All Weather Lifeboat Next Year". This is The Coast. 30 October 2020. Retrieved 11 January 2021.
  25. ^ Hastings, Sheena (3 September 2012). "'Why Filey's not getting fair shares'". The Yorkshire Post. Retrieved 30 November 2017.
  26. ^ "The Filey Files". The Yorkshire Post. 9 August 2016. Retrieved 30 November 2017.
  27. ^ Boyle, Danny (23 September 2015). "Rutland earthquake: 'We will rebuild', say locals as they mock 2.8-magnitude tremor". The Telegraph. Retrieved 30 November 2017.
  28. ^ "Bruce Woodcock to Visit Filey Holiday Camp". Driffield Times. 3 May 1947. p. 6.
  29. ^ "Filey is an Anglican name". Filey & Hunmanby Mercury. 24 August 2005. Retrieved 13 March 2013.
  30. ^ Local Government Act 1888#Towns on county boundaries
  31. ^ Historic England. "Langford Villa (1296721)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 27 March 2019.
  32. ^ "Langford Villa". filey.co.uk. 16 April 2015. Retrieved 4 November 2020.
  33. ^ "Tour de Yorkshire: Filey In - Scarborough Hosts Finish". Yorkshire Coast Radio. 5 December 2017. Retrieved 20 March 2018.
  34. ^ "Filey Town Council". Filey Heritage Group. Retrieved 16 September 2024.
  35. ^ Mackie, David (21 September 2016). "MP expresses mixed feelings about proposed constituencies changes". York Press. Retrieved 30 November 2017.
  36. ^ Gavaghan, Carl (13 September 2016). "Filey to join with neighbours following boundary changes". The Scarborough News. Retrieved 30 November 2017.
  37. ^ a b "Filey new homes plan approved by Scarborough council". BBC News. BBC. 21 February 2011. Retrieved 13 March 2013.
  38. ^ "Olivers Mount (North Yorkshire, England) Full Freeview transmitter". UK Free TV. 1 May 2004. Retrieved 6 September 2023.
  39. ^ "Hunmanby (North Yorkshire, England) Freeview Light transmitter". UK Free TV. 1 May 2004. Retrieved 6 September 2023.
  40. ^ "Bilsdale (North Yorkshire, England) Full Freeview transmitter". UK Free TV. 1 May 2004. Retrieved 6 September 2023.
  41. ^ "Local News | Filey Bay Today | Filey". Filey Bay Today. Retrieved 6 September 2023.
  42. ^ "Leo Blair: Barrister who began as a Conservative but followed his son into the Labour Party". The Independent. 19 November 2012. Retrieved 7 February 2014.
  43. ^ "Liverpool career stats for Ted Crawford - LFChistory - Stats galore for Liverpool FC!". www.lfchistory.net. Retrieved 30 November 2017.
  44. ^ "Andy CRAWFORD - Biography of his football career with The Rams. - Derby County FC". Sporting Heroes. Retrieved 30 November 2017.
  45. ^ Vaughan, Dame Janet (1987). "Honor Bridget Fell. 22 May 1900-22 April 1986". Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society. 33: 237–59. doi:10.1098/rsbm.1987.0009. JSTOR 769952. PMID 11621435.
[edit]
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