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'''Simon Tam''' (born March 30, 1981) is an American author, musician, activist, and entrepreneur. He is best known as the bassist and founder of the Asian American [[dance-rock]] band, [[the Slants]], who won their case against the [[U.S. Patent & Trademark Office]] at the [[United States Supreme Court]]. The case, ''[[Matal v. Tam]]'', was a landmark legal battle that clarified First Amendment rights in trademark law.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.becketlaw.org/case/matal-v-tam/|title=Matal v. Tam|website=Becket|language=en-US|access-date=2019-03-25}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/realspin/2017/08/14/government-can-hate-a-name-but-still-must-respect-it/|title=Government Can Hate A Name, But Still Must Respect It|last=Flows|first=Capital|website=Forbes|language=en|access-date=2019-03-25}}</ref> The court ruled unanimously in Tam's favor, holding that trademark registrations may not be rejected under the Disparagement Clause of the Lanham Act (1946) since that would be considered [[viewpoint discrimination]];<ref>{{Cite web|title=Matal v. Tam (2017)|url=https://oregonencyclopedia.org/articles/matal-v-tam/#.Xyv_NBNKgWo|access-date=2020-08-06|website=oregonencyclopedia.org}}</ref> this includes, as in Tam's case, trademarks using such language filed by members of minority groups who wish to reclaim slurs that would have been previously denied.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ipintelligencereport.com/2017/06/22/supreme-court-finds-lanham-act-disparagement-clause-unconstitutional-under-first-amendment/|title=Supreme Court Finds Lanham Act Disparagement Clause Unconstitutional Under First Amendment|date=2017-06-22|website=IP Intelligence|language=en-US|access-date=2019-03-25}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://reason.com/blog/2017/06/19/in-major-free-speech-victory-scotus-rule|title=In Major Free Speech Victory, SCOTUS Rules for 'The Slants' and Strikes Down Federal Trademark Restriction}}</ref><ref name="SCOTUSBlog - Justices add eight new cases to docket for upcoming term">{{cite web|url=http://www.scotusblog.com/2016/09/justices-add-eight-new-cases-to-docket-for-upcoming-term/ |title=Justices add eight new cases to docket for upcoming term, 2015|publisher=SCOTUSBlog|access-date=March 5, 2016}}</ref>
'''Simon Tam''' (born March 30, 1981) is an American author, musician, activist, and entrepreneur. He is best known as the bassist and founder of the Asian American [[dance-rock]] band, [[the Slants]], who won their case against the [[U.S. Patent & Trademark Office]] at the [[United States Supreme Court]]. The case, ''[[Matal v. Tam]]'', was a landmark legal battle that clarified First Amendment rights in trademark law.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.becketlaw.org/case/matal-v-tam/|title=Matal v. Tam|website=Becket|language=en-US|access-date=2019-03-25}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/realspin/2017/08/14/government-can-hate-a-name-but-still-must-respect-it/|title=Government Can Hate A Name, But Still Must Respect It|last=Flows|first=Capital|website=Forbes|language=en|access-date=2019-03-25}}</ref> The court ruled unanimously in Tam's favor, holding that trademark registrations may not be rejected under the Disparagement Clause of the Lanham Act (1946) since that would be considered [[viewpoint discrimination]];<ref>{{Cite web|title=Matal v. Tam (2017)|url=https://oregonencyclopedia.org/articles/matal-v-tam/#.Xyv_NBNKgWo|access-date=2020-08-06|website=oregonencyclopedia.org}}</ref> this includes, as in Tam's case, trademarks using such language filed by members of minority groups who wish to reclaim slurs that would have been previously denied.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ipintelligencereport.com/2017/06/22/supreme-court-finds-lanham-act-disparagement-clause-unconstitutional-under-first-amendment/|title=Supreme Court Finds Lanham Act Disparagement Clause Unconstitutional Under First Amendment|date=2017-06-22|website=IP Intelligence|language=en-US|access-date=2019-03-25}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://reason.com/blog/2017/06/19/in-major-free-speech-victory-scotus-rule|title=In Major Free Speech Victory, SCOTUS Rules for 'The Slants' and Strikes Down Federal Trademark Restriction|date=June 19, 2017 }}</ref><ref name="SCOTUSBlog - Justices add eight new cases to docket for upcoming term">{{cite web|url=http://www.scotusblog.com/2016/09/justices-add-eight-new-cases-to-docket-for-upcoming-term/ |title=Justices add eight new cases to docket for upcoming term, 2015|publisher=SCOTUSBlog|access-date=March 5, 2016}}</ref>


== Early life and career ==
== Early life and career ==
Tam was born and raised in [[San Diego]], [[California]]. At age 13, he started his first record label, SBG Records.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://musicjobspodcast.com/ep-38-giving-value-consistently-with-simon-tam/|title=Music Jobs Podcast Ep. 38: Giving Value Consistently with Simon Tam}}</ref>
Tam was born and raised in [[San Diego]], [[California]]. At age 13, he started his first record label, SBG Records.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://musicjobspodcast.com/ep-38-giving-value-consistently-with-simon-tam/|title=Music Jobs Podcast Ep. 38: Giving Value Consistently with Simon Tam}}</ref>


He attended [[Grossmont College]], [[Mt. San Jacinto College]], and [[University of California, Riverside]], where he double-majored in philosophy and religious studies. During this time, he started a music promotion company and was the co-owner of a vintage clothing shop in [[Temecula, California|Temecula, CA]] called The Populuxe.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Gallagher|first=Tyler|date=2020-10-16|title=Meet The Disruptors: Simon Tam of The Slants Foundation On The Three Things You Need To Shake Up…|url=https://medium.com/authority-magazine/meet-the-disruptors-simon-tam-of-the-slants-foundation-on-the-three-things-you-need-to-shake-up-736693aa3e7d|access-date=2020-11-06|website=Medium|language=en}}</ref> A few months before graduating, Tam dropped out of college to join The Stivs, a punk band based in [[Portland, Oregon]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.americanexpress.com/us/small-business/openforum/articles/how-6-college-dropouts-scored-real-world-success/|title=How 6 College Dropouts Scored Real-World Success {{!}} OPEN Forum|website=www.americanexpress.com|access-date=2018-07-26}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://reason.com/archives/2017/03/11/the-slants-the-band-who-must-n|title=The Slants: The Band Who Must Not Be Named|date=2017-03-11|work=Reason.com|access-date=2018-07-26|language=en}}</ref> While with the band, he worked on releases "T.B.I.L Revisited" and "Sweet Heartache and the Satisfaction." The band made a short appearance on ''[[The Price Is Right (U.S. game show)|The Price Is Right]],'' and [[Bob Barker]] lent his voice as an introduction to their album.<ref name="The Stivs on The Price Is Right">{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6NAu5SQHXFk|title=The Stivs (punk rock band) on The Price Is Right -Bob Barker|work=YouTube|access-date=January 4, 2015}}</ref><ref name="The Beat is Loose Album credits">{{cite web|url=http://causticfallout.net/j/index.php/albums/339-the-stivs-the-beat-is-loose-2003/|title=The Beat is Loose Album credits|work=Caustic Fallout|access-date=January 6, 2015}}</ref>
He attended [[Grossmont College]], [[Mt. San Jacinto College]], and [[University of California, Riverside]], where he double-majored in philosophy and religious studies.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-04-22 |title=Rock band The Slants, which seeks to 'reclaim' Asian American identity, to play in Riverside |url=https://www.pressenterprise.com/2023/04/22/rock-band-the-slants-which-seeks-to-reclaim-asian-american-identity-to-play-in-riverside/ |access-date=2024-01-26 |website=Press Enterprise |language=en-US}}</ref> During this time, he started a music promotion company and was the co-owner of a vintage clothing shop in [[Temecula, California|Temecula, CA]] called The Populuxe.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Hamlin |first=Andrew |date=February 25, 2021 |title=Simon Tam: A slanted and enchanted life in public |url=https://nwasianweekly.com/2021/02/simon-tam-a-slanted-and-enchanted-life-in-public/ |access-date=January 26, 2024 |work=Northwest Asian Weekly}}</ref> A few months before graduating, Tam dropped out of college to join The Stivs, a punk band based in [[Portland, Oregon]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.americanexpress.com/us/small-business/openforum/articles/how-6-college-dropouts-scored-real-world-success/|title=How 6 College Dropouts Scored Real-World Success {{!}} OPEN Forum|website=www.americanexpress.com|access-date=2018-07-26}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://reason.com/archives/2017/03/11/the-slants-the-band-who-must-n|title=The Slants: The Band Who Must Not Be Named|date=2017-03-11|work=Reason.com|access-date=2018-07-26|language=en}}</ref> While with the band, he worked on releases "T.B.I.L Revisited" and "Sweet Heartache and the Satisfaction." The band made a short appearance on ''[[The Price Is Right (U.S. game show)|The Price Is Right]],'' and [[Bob Barker]] lent his voice as an introduction to their album.<ref name="The Stivs on The Price Is Right">{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6NAu5SQHXFk|title=The Stivs (punk rock band) on The Price Is Right -Bob Barker|work=YouTube|date=December 23, 2007 |access-date=January 4, 2015}}</ref><ref name="The Beat is Loose Album credits">{{cite web|url=http://causticfallout.net/j/index.php/albums/339-the-stivs-the-beat-is-loose-2003/|title=The Beat is Loose Album credits|work=Caustic Fallout|access-date=January 6, 2015}}</ref>


In 2004, Tam left The Stivs to form an all-Asian American members rock band. This eventually became [[the Slants]], the prominent Asian American band that defined most of Tam's career.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Portland's 'Chinatown Dance Rock' Band Takes Its Final Bow |url=https://www.pdxmonthly.com/arts-and-culture/2019/11/portland-s-chinatown-dance-rock-band-takes-its-final-bow |access-date=2023-01-11 |website=Portland Monthly |language=en-US}}</ref> During most of his time in Portland, Tam worked for nonprofit organizations as a marketing director and served on the board of numerous social justice organizations.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.sierraclub.org/sierra/2014-6-november-december/artifact/rocker-simon-tams-toy-car|title=Rocker Simon Tam's Toy Car|date=2014-10-03|work=Sierra Club|access-date=2018-07-26|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://apanorollingtides.org/simon-tam/|title=Simon Tam|date=2016-08-01|work=APANO Rolling Tides|access-date=2018-07-26|language=en-US}}</ref> He also finished his college education and graduated with a Master in Business Administration from Marylhurst University in 2013, receiving the Distinguished Alum Award,<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://issuu.com/marylhurstuniversity/docs/mu-almag-fall17|title=Marylhurst Magazine Fall 2017|work=Issuu|access-date=2018-07-26|language=en}}</ref> and began publishing his writing. During this time, he co-founded the Oregon Center for Human Rights, partnered with his sister to open a restaurant, and established several other businesses.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://pdx.eater.com/2016/2/8/10939030/tam-wonton-soup-restaurant-opens-sellwood-the-slants-either-or|title=Punk Rock Frontman Opens Sellwood Wonton Noodle Soup Shop, Interior Revealed|last=Bamman|first=Mattie John|date=2016-02-08|website=Eater Portland|language=en|access-date=2020-03-10}}</ref>
In 2004, Tam left The Stivs to form an all-Asian American members rock band. This eventually became [[the Slants]], the prominent Asian American band that defined most of Tam's career.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Portland's 'Chinatown Dance Rock' Band Takes Its Final Bow |url=https://www.pdxmonthly.com/arts-and-culture/2019/11/portland-s-chinatown-dance-rock-band-takes-its-final-bow |access-date=2023-01-11 |website=Portland Monthly |language=en-US}}</ref> During most of his time in Portland, Tam worked for nonprofit organizations as a marketing director and served on the board of numerous social justice organizations.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.sierraclub.org/sierra/2014-6-november-december/artifact/rocker-simon-tams-toy-car|title=Rocker Simon Tam's Toy Car|date=2014-10-03|work=Sierra Club|access-date=2018-07-26|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://apanorollingtides.org/simon-tam/|title=Simon Tam|date=2016-08-01|work=APANO Rolling Tides|access-date=2018-07-26|language=en-US}}</ref> He also finished his college education and graduated with a Master in Business Administration from Marylhurst University in 2013, receiving the Distinguished Alum Award,<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://issuu.com/marylhurstuniversity/docs/mu-almag-fall17|title=Marylhurst Magazine Fall 2017|work=Issuu|access-date=2018-07-26|language=en}}</ref> and began publishing his writing. During this time, he co-founded the Oregon Center for Human Rights, partnered with his sister to open a restaurant, and established several other businesses.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://pdx.eater.com/2016/2/8/10939030/tam-wonton-soup-restaurant-opens-sellwood-the-slants-either-or|title=Punk Rock Frontman Opens Sellwood Wonton Noodle Soup Shop, Interior Revealed|last=Bamman|first=Mattie John|date=2016-02-08|website=Eater Portland|language=en|access-date=2020-03-10}}</ref>
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In 2017, he moved to Nashville, Tennessee.
In 2017, he moved to Nashville, Tennessee.


After retiring from touring with the Slants in 2019, Tam continued to endeavor in other art forms, including storytelling, theatre, composing, and art. In 2020, Tam was selected as an artist in residence for the UNC Process Series, debuting a work for the Remembrance and Renewal Storytelling Festival.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Remembrance and Renewal Storytelling Festival {{!}} Asian American Center |url=https://aac.web.unc.edu/2021/02/remembrance-and-renewal-storytelling-festival/ |access-date=2023-01-11 |website=aac.web.unc.edu}}</ref> In 2021, Tam and his longtime collaborator in the Slants, Joe X. Jiang, were selected artists for the Cincinnati Fringe Festival's development program<ref>{{Cite web |last=Pender |first=Rick |title=Best Cincinnati Fringe Festival Shows to Catch Before Festival Ends, According to CityBeat's Theatre Critic |url=https://www.citybeat.com/arts/best-cincinnati-fringe-festival-shows-to-catch-before-festival-ends-according-to-citybeats-theatre-critic-13336018 |access-date=2023-01-11 |website=Cincinnati CityBeat |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Tomeo |first=Marissa |title=Cincinnati's 19th Annual Fringe Festival to Begin on June 3rd |url=https://www.broadwayworld.com/cincinnati/article/Cincinnatis-19th-Annual-Fringe-Festival-to-Begin-on-June-3rd-20220514 |access-date=2023-01-11 |website=BroadwayWorld.com |language=en}}</ref> and Borderlight Festival.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-05-26 |title=Slanted: How an Asian American Troublemaker Took on the Supreme Court |url=https://www.borderlightcle.org/slanted-how-an-asian-american-troublemaker-took-on-the-supreme-court/ |access-date=2023-01-11 |website=BorderLight Festival |language=en-US}}</ref> That same year, Tam and Jiang composed scores for television shows streaming on the Peacock Network, including Comedy InvAsian 2.0,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ang |first=Marc |title=Comedy InvAsian's Pan-Asian Talent Get To The Heart of Second Generation's "Child of Immigrants" Experience {{!}} The Hollywood Times |url=https://thehollywoodtimes.today/comedy-invasians-pan-asian-talent-get-to-the-heart-of-second-generations-child-of-immigrants-experience/ |access-date=2023-01-11 |language=en-US}}</ref> and the film Namba: A Japanese American's Incarceration and Life of Resistance.<ref>{{Cite web |title=NAMBA the movie - THE FILM |url=https://namba-movie.com/about-1 |access-date=2023-01-11 |website=namba-movie.com |language=en-US}}</ref> In 2022, Tam and Jiang were selected as chosen as artists for [[Opera Theatre of Saint Louis]]' New Works Collective program to develop a new groundbreaking opera based on Tam's journey to the Supreme Court.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-11-16 |title=Opera Theatre announces first selections by community panel looking for new voices |url=https://news.stlpublicradio.org/arts/2022-11-15/opera-theatre-announces-first-selections-by-community-panel-looking-for-new-voices |access-date=2023-01-11 |website=STLPR |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-08-05 |title=Opera Theatre of Saint Louis Announces First Cohort of Creators for its New Works Collective |url=https://operawire.com/opera-theatre-of-saint-louis-announces-first-cohort-of-creators-for-its-new-works-collective/ |access-date=2023-01-11 |website=OperaWire |language=en-US}}</ref>
After retiring from touring with the Slants in 2019, Tam continued to endeavor in other art forms, including storytelling, theatre, composing, and art. In 2020, Tam was selected as an artist in residence for the UNC Process Series, debuting a work for the Remembrance and Renewal Storytelling Festival.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Remembrance and Renewal Storytelling Festival {{!}} Asian American Center |url=https://aac.web.unc.edu/2021/02/remembrance-and-renewal-storytelling-festival/ |access-date=2023-01-11 |website=aac.web.unc.edu}}</ref> In 2021, Tam and his longtime collaborator in the Slants, Joe X. Jiang, were selected artists for the Cincinnati Fringe Festival's development program<ref>{{Cite web |last=Pender |first=Rick |title=Best Cincinnati Fringe Festival Shows to Catch Before Festival Ends, According to CityBeat's Theatre Critic |url=https://www.citybeat.com/arts/best-cincinnati-fringe-festival-shows-to-catch-before-festival-ends-according-to-citybeats-theatre-critic-13336018 |access-date=2023-01-11 |website=Cincinnati CityBeat |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Tomeo |first=Marissa |title=Cincinnati's 19th Annual Fringe Festival to Begin on June 3rd |url=https://www.broadwayworld.com/cincinnati/article/Cincinnatis-19th-Annual-Fringe-Festival-to-Begin-on-June-3rd-20220514 |access-date=2023-01-11 |website=BroadwayWorld.com |language=en}}</ref> and Borderlight Festival.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-05-26 |title=Slanted: How an Asian American Troublemaker Took on the Supreme Court |url=https://www.borderlightcle.org/slanted-how-an-asian-american-troublemaker-took-on-the-supreme-court/ |access-date=2023-01-11 |website=BorderLight Festival |language=en-US}}</ref> That same year, Tam and Jiang composed scores for television shows streaming on the Peacock Network, including Comedy InvAsian 2.0,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ang |first=Marc |title=Comedy InvAsian's Pan-Asian Talent Get To The Heart of Second Generation's "Child of Immigrants" Experience {{!}} The Hollywood Times |date=August 26, 2021 |url=https://thehollywoodtimes.today/comedy-invasians-pan-asian-talent-get-to-the-heart-of-second-generations-child-of-immigrants-experience/ |access-date=2023-01-11 |language=en-US}}</ref> and the film Namba: A Japanese American's Incarceration and Life of Resistance.<ref>{{Cite web |title=NAMBA the movie - THE FILM |url=https://namba-movie.com/about-1 |access-date=2023-01-11 |website=namba-movie.com |language=en-US}}</ref> In 2022, Tam and Jiang were selected as chosen as artists for [[Opera Theatre of Saint Louis]]' New Works Collective program to develop a new groundbreaking opera based on Tam's journey to the Supreme Court.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-11-16 |title=Opera Theatre announces first selections by community panel looking for new voices |url=https://news.stlpublicradio.org/arts/2022-11-15/opera-theatre-announces-first-selections-by-community-panel-looking-for-new-voices |access-date=2023-01-11 |website=STLPR |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-08-05 |title=Opera Theatre of Saint Louis Announces First Cohort of Creators for its New Works Collective |url=https://operawire.com/opera-theatre-of-saint-louis-announces-first-cohort-of-creators-for-its-new-works-collective/ |access-date=2023-01-11 |website=OperaWire |language=en-US}}</ref>

In 2023, Simon returned to the stage with The Slants for a series of reunion shows celebrating the release of their final record, ''The Band Plays On''.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Oregonian/OregonLive |first=Lizzy Acker {{!}} The |date=2023-10-06 |title=The Slants, band that fought the government to trademark their name, reunite for final Portland show |url=https://www.oregonlive.com/entertainment/2023/10/the-slants-band-that-fought-the-government-to-trademark-their-name-reunite-for-final-portland-show.html |access-date=2024-01-26 |website=oregonlive |language=en}}</ref>


==The Slants and the Supreme Court case, ''Matal v. Tam''==
==The Slants and the Supreme Court case, ''Matal v. Tam''==
In 2006, Tam formed the Slants. He says the band's name was chosen "as a way of seizing control of a racial slur, turning it on its head and draining its venom. It was also a respectful nod to Asian-Americans who had been using the epithet for decades.".<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2017/06/23/opinion/the-power-of-repurposing-a-slur.html|title=The Slants on the Power of Repurposing a Slur|date=June 23, 2017|work=The New York Times}}</ref>
In 2006, Tam formed the Slants. He says the band's name was chosen "as a way of seizing control of a racial slur, turning it on its head and draining its venom. It was also a respectful nod to Asian-Americans who had been using the epithet for decades.".<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2017/06/23/opinion/the-power-of-repurposing-a-slur.html|title=The Slants on the Power of Repurposing a Slur|date=June 23, 2017|work=The New York Times}}</ref>


In late 2009, Tam's attorney recommended that he file an application to register the band's trademark.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2017/01/17/magazine/should-we-be-able-to-reclaim-a-racist-insult-as-a-registered-trademark.html|title=Should We Be Able to Reclaim a Racist Insult — as a Registered Trademark?|access-date=2018-07-26|language=en}}</ref> This eventually became an extensive legal battle when [[United States Patent and Trademark Office|the United States Patent and Trademark Office]] (USPTO) ruled that the band's name was disparaging to persons of Asian descent.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.oregonlive.com/music/index.ssf/2011/03/portland_band_the_slants_and_t.html|title=Portland band the Slants and the United States government ask: What's in a name?|work=OregonLive.com|access-date=2018-07-26|language=en-US}}</ref> The USPTO relied on [[Urban Dictionary|UrbanDictionary.com]] to support its claim. Initially, Tam provided extensive evidence to appeal the USPTO decision, including testimonies from leading dictionary experts, national surveys, and letters from Asian American community leaders, but the Trademark Office remained steadfast in their refusal.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.racefiles.com/2015/05/29/the-slants/|title=The Slants' Battle Over Their Name Wages On|date=2015-05-29|work=Race Files|access-date=2018-07-26|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2017/06/23/opinion/the-power-of-repurposing-a-slur.html|title=Opinion {{!}} The Slants on the Power of Repurposing a Slur|access-date=2018-07-26|language=en}}</ref> In 2011, Tam filed a second application that focused on procedural and evidentiary issues in its appeal. The [[United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit]] initially ruled against him but issued a [[Vacatur|Motion to vacate]] [[Sua sponte]] (on its own accord). They invited Tam to be arguing the constitutional merits of the law being used against him.
In late 2009, Tam's attorney recommended that he file an application to register the band's trademark.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2017/01/17/magazine/should-we-be-able-to-reclaim-a-racist-insult-as-a-registered-trademark.html|title=Should We Be Able to Reclaim a Racist Insult — as a Registered Trademark?|work=The New York Times |date=January 17, 2017 |access-date=2018-07-26|language=en |last1=Jeong |first1=Sarah }}</ref> This eventually became an extensive legal battle when [[United States Patent and Trademark Office|the United States Patent and Trademark Office]] (USPTO) ruled that the band's name was disparaging to persons of Asian descent.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.oregonlive.com/music/index.ssf/2011/03/portland_band_the_slants_and_t.html|title=Portland band the Slants and the United States government ask: What's in a name?|work=OregonLive.com|access-date=2018-07-26|language=en-US}}</ref> The USPTO relied on [[Urban Dictionary|UrbanDictionary.com]] to support its claim. Initially, Tam provided extensive evidence to appeal the USPTO decision, including testimonies from leading dictionary experts, national surveys, and letters from Asian American community leaders, but the Trademark Office remained steadfast in their refusal.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.racefiles.com/2015/05/29/the-slants/|title=The Slants' Battle Over Their Name Wages On|date=2015-05-29|work=Race Files|access-date=2018-07-26|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2017/06/23/opinion/the-power-of-repurposing-a-slur.html|title=Opinion {{!}} The Slants on the Power of Repurposing a Slur|work=The New York Times |date=June 23, 2017 |access-date=2018-07-26|language=en |last1=Tam |first1=Simon }}</ref> In 2011, Tam filed a second application that focused on procedural and evidentiary issues in its appeal. The [[United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit]] initially ruled against him but issued a [[Vacatur|Motion to vacate]] [[Sua sponte]] (on its own accord). They invited Tam to be arguing the constitutional merits of the law being used against him.


In 2015, the court ruled in a 9-to-3 vote that the law used by the USPTO violated the First Amendment.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/volokh-conspiracy/wp/2015/12/22/federal-appeals-court-decides-the-slants-case-excluding-disparaging-marks-from-trademark-registration-violates-the-first-amendment/|title=Opinion {{!}} Federal appeals court decides 'The Slants' case: excluding 'disparaging marks' from trademark registration violates the First Amendment|newspaper=Washington Post|language=en|access-date=2018-07-26}}</ref> The USPTO appealed the decision to the Supreme Court. In 2017, [[Supreme Court of the United States|the Supreme Court of the United States]] agreed and ruled unanimously in Tam's favor in ''Matal v. Tam''.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2017/06/19/533514196/the-slants-win-supreme-court-battle-over-bands-name-in-trademark-dispute|title=The Slants Win Supreme Court Battle Over Band's Name In Trademark Dispute|work=NPR.org|access-date=2018-07-26|language=en}}</ref>
In 2015, the court ruled in a 9-to-3 vote that the law used by the USPTO violated the First Amendment.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/volokh-conspiracy/wp/2015/12/22/federal-appeals-court-decides-the-slants-case-excluding-disparaging-marks-from-trademark-registration-violates-the-first-amendment/|title=Opinion {{!}} Federal appeals court decides 'The Slants' case: excluding 'disparaging marks' from trademark registration violates the First Amendment|newspaper=Washington Post|language=en|access-date=2018-07-26}}</ref> The USPTO appealed the decision to the Supreme Court. In 2017, [[Supreme Court of the United States|the Supreme Court of the United States]] agreed and ruled unanimously in Tam's favor in ''Matal v. Tam''.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2017/06/19/533514196/the-slants-win-supreme-court-battle-over-bands-name-in-trademark-dispute|title=The Slants Win Supreme Court Battle Over Band's Name In Trademark Dispute|work=NPR.org|access-date=2018-07-26|language=en}}</ref>
Line 45: Line 47:
In 2015, Tam's essay, ''Trademark Offense'' was published in Oregon Humanities magazine. It was later listed as an honorable mention in ''America's Best Essays 2016''.
In 2015, Tam's essay, ''Trademark Offense'' was published in Oregon Humanities magazine. It was later listed as an honorable mention in ''America's Best Essays 2016''.


In 2019, Tam published his memoir, ''Slanted: How an Asian American Troublemaker Took on the Supreme Court''. The memoir covers multiple aspects of his life as an artist-activist, including growing up as a child of immigrant restaurant owners, falling in love with punk rock, and the journey to the U.S Supreme Court.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.nbcnews.com/news/asian-america/slants-founder-simon-tam-details-supreme-court-case-new-memoir-n995616|title=The Slants founder Simon Tam details Supreme Court case in new memoir|website=NBC News|language=en|access-date=2019-04-22}}</ref> It won the silver award for Best autobiography/Memoir from the Independent Publisher Book Awards.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Announcing the Results of the 2020 Independent Publisher Book Awards |url=http://independentpublisher.com/article.php?page=2439 |access-date=2022-03-11 |website=Independent Publisher - feature}}</ref>
In 2019, Tam published his memoir, ''Slanted: How an Asian American Troublemaker Took on the Supreme Court''. The memoir covers multiple aspects of his life as an artist-activist, including growing up as a child of immigrant restaurant owners, falling in love with punk rock, and the journey to the U.S Supreme Court.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.nbcnews.com/news/asian-america/slants-founder-simon-tam-details-supreme-court-case-new-memoir-n995616|title=The Slants founder Simon Tam details Supreme Court case in new memoir|website=NBC News|date=April 19, 2019 |language=en|access-date=2019-04-22}}</ref> It won the silver award for Best autobiography/Memoir from the Independent Publisher Book Awards.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Announcing the Results of the 2020 Independent Publisher Book Awards |url=http://independentpublisher.com/article.php?page=2439 |access-date=2022-03-11 |website=Independent Publisher - feature}}</ref>


As a speaker, Tam often delivers keynotes and workshops for Fortune 500 companies as well as higher education organizations, with a focus on entrepreneurship, marketing, technology, and diversity and inclusion. He has made 13 TEDx appearances as a speaker and performer. In 2016, Tam joined [[Barack Obama|President Barack Obama]], [[George Takei]], [[Jeremy Lin]], and other celebrities in the #ActToChange campaign to fight bullying.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nbcnews.com/news/asian-america/jeremy-lin-president-obama-join-celebrity-filled-anti-bullying-album-n701021|title=Jeremy Lin, President Obama join celebrity-filled anti-bullying album|work=NBC News|access-date=2018-07-26|language=en-US}}</ref>
As a speaker, Tam often delivers keynotes and workshops for Fortune 500 companies as well as higher education organizations, with a focus on entrepreneurship, marketing, technology, and diversity and inclusion. He has made 13 TEDx appearances as a speaker and performer. In 2016, Tam joined [[Barack Obama|President Barack Obama]], [[George Takei]], [[Jeremy Lin]], and other celebrities in the #ActToChange campaign to fight bullying.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nbcnews.com/news/asian-america/jeremy-lin-president-obama-join-celebrity-filled-anti-bullying-album-n701021|title=Jeremy Lin, President Obama join celebrity-filled anti-bullying album|work=NBC News|access-date=2018-07-26|language=en-US}}</ref>


Tam hosts the podcast show ''Music Business Hacks.'' In addition, he is a regular contributor for Billboard, Music Think Tank, [[ASCAP]], and [https://www.huffingtonpost.com/author/simon-young Huffington Post.] In 2018, he established The Slants Foundation, a nonprofit organization that provides scholarships and mentoring Asian American artists looking to incorporate community activism into their craft.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://theslants.org/|title=The Slants Foundation|website=The Slants Foundation|language=en-US|access-date=2019-03-25}}</ref> Tam also serves on the board of directors for numerous organizations.
Tam hosted the podcast show ''Music Business Hacks.'' In addition, he is a regular contributor for Billboard, Music Think Tank, [[ASCAP]], and [https://www.huffingtonpost.com/author/simon-young Huffington Post.] In 2018, he co-founded The Slants Foundation, a nonprofit organization that provides scholarships and mentoring Asian American artists looking to incorporate community activism into their craft.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://theslants.org/|title=The Slants Foundation|website=The Slants Foundation|language=en-US|access-date=2019-03-25}}</ref> Tam also serves on the board of directors for numerous organizations.


== Discography ==
== Discography ==
Line 94: Line 96:
* 2016: TEDxMarylhurstU (host)
* 2016: TEDxMarylhurstU (host)
* 2017: TEDxBend - Yes, Read the Comments Section (talk)
* 2017: TEDxBend - Yes, Read the Comments Section (talk)
* 2017: TEDxBend - From the Heart with The Slants<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bendbulletin.com/newsroomstafflist/5281193-151/the-slants-aim-to-bridge-divides-in-bend|title=The Bulletin: The Slants aim to bridge divides in Bend}}</ref> (performance)
* 2017: TEDxBend - From the Heart with The Slants<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bendbulletin.com/newsroomstafflist/5281193-151/the-slants-aim-to-bridge-divides-in-bend|title=The Bulletin: The Slants aim to bridge divides in Bend|date=May 10, 2017 }}</ref> (performance)
* 2018: TEDxDupontCircleEd - Once Upon an App: An Online Dating Fairytale (talk)
* 2018: TEDxDupontCircleEd - Once Upon an App: An Online Dating Fairytale (talk)



Latest revision as of 01:11, 23 October 2024

Simon Tam
Birth nameSimon Shiao Tam
Also known asSimon Young
Born (1981-03-30) March 30, 1981 (age 43)
San Diego, California, U.S.
OccupationsMusician, author, educator, speaker
InstrumentsBass, guitar, keyboards, vocals
LabelsThe Slants, In Music We Trust Records, Pacifiction Records, SBG Records, Boot to Head Records
Websitesimontam.org

Simon Tam (born March 30, 1981) is an American author, musician, activist, and entrepreneur. He is best known as the bassist and founder of the Asian American dance-rock band, the Slants, who won their case against the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office at the United States Supreme Court. The case, Matal v. Tam, was a landmark legal battle that clarified First Amendment rights in trademark law.[1][2] The court ruled unanimously in Tam's favor, holding that trademark registrations may not be rejected under the Disparagement Clause of the Lanham Act (1946) since that would be considered viewpoint discrimination;[3] this includes, as in Tam's case, trademarks using such language filed by members of minority groups who wish to reclaim slurs that would have been previously denied.[4][5][6]

Early life and career

[edit]

Tam was born and raised in San Diego, California. At age 13, he started his first record label, SBG Records.[7]

He attended Grossmont College, Mt. San Jacinto College, and University of California, Riverside, where he double-majored in philosophy and religious studies.[8] During this time, he started a music promotion company and was the co-owner of a vintage clothing shop in Temecula, CA called The Populuxe.[9] A few months before graduating, Tam dropped out of college to join The Stivs, a punk band based in Portland, Oregon.[10][11] While with the band, he worked on releases "T.B.I.L Revisited" and "Sweet Heartache and the Satisfaction." The band made a short appearance on The Price Is Right, and Bob Barker lent his voice as an introduction to their album.[12][13]

In 2004, Tam left The Stivs to form an all-Asian American members rock band. This eventually became the Slants, the prominent Asian American band that defined most of Tam's career.[14] During most of his time in Portland, Tam worked for nonprofit organizations as a marketing director and served on the board of numerous social justice organizations.[15][16] He also finished his college education and graduated with a Master in Business Administration from Marylhurst University in 2013, receiving the Distinguished Alum Award,[17] and began publishing his writing. During this time, he co-founded the Oregon Center for Human Rights, partnered with his sister to open a restaurant, and established several other businesses.[18]

In 2017, he moved to Nashville, Tennessee.

After retiring from touring with the Slants in 2019, Tam continued to endeavor in other art forms, including storytelling, theatre, composing, and art. In 2020, Tam was selected as an artist in residence for the UNC Process Series, debuting a work for the Remembrance and Renewal Storytelling Festival.[19] In 2021, Tam and his longtime collaborator in the Slants, Joe X. Jiang, were selected artists for the Cincinnati Fringe Festival's development program[20][21] and Borderlight Festival.[22] That same year, Tam and Jiang composed scores for television shows streaming on the Peacock Network, including Comedy InvAsian 2.0,[23] and the film Namba: A Japanese American's Incarceration and Life of Resistance.[24] In 2022, Tam and Jiang were selected as chosen as artists for Opera Theatre of Saint Louis' New Works Collective program to develop a new groundbreaking opera based on Tam's journey to the Supreme Court.[25][26]

In 2023, Simon returned to the stage with The Slants for a series of reunion shows celebrating the release of their final record, The Band Plays On.[27]

The Slants and the Supreme Court case, Matal v. Tam

[edit]

In 2006, Tam formed the Slants. He says the band's name was chosen "as a way of seizing control of a racial slur, turning it on its head and draining its venom. It was also a respectful nod to Asian-Americans who had been using the epithet for decades.".[28]

In late 2009, Tam's attorney recommended that he file an application to register the band's trademark.[29] This eventually became an extensive legal battle when the United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO) ruled that the band's name was disparaging to persons of Asian descent.[30] The USPTO relied on UrbanDictionary.com to support its claim. Initially, Tam provided extensive evidence to appeal the USPTO decision, including testimonies from leading dictionary experts, national surveys, and letters from Asian American community leaders, but the Trademark Office remained steadfast in their refusal.[31][32] In 2011, Tam filed a second application that focused on procedural and evidentiary issues in its appeal. The United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit initially ruled against him but issued a Motion to vacate Sua sponte (on its own accord). They invited Tam to be arguing the constitutional merits of the law being used against him.

In 2015, the court ruled in a 9-to-3 vote that the law used by the USPTO violated the First Amendment.[33] The USPTO appealed the decision to the Supreme Court. In 2017, the Supreme Court of the United States agreed and ruled unanimously in Tam's favor in Matal v. Tam.[34]

Tam has continued to remain active in First Amendment activism after the conclusion of his Supreme Court case. In 2019, he joined prominent hip-hop artists Killer Mike, Chance the Rapper, Meek Mill, and 21 Savage in filing an amicus brief in Jamal Knox v. Commonwealth of Pennsylvania.[35] He also filed a brief at the Supreme Court on behalf of Erik Brunetti in Iancu v. Brunetti, often known as the sister case to Matal v. Tam, which struck down the "scandalous" and "immoral" provisions of the Lanham Act.[36] Additionally, he often speaks at legal and community events around the world on Matal v. Tam. In addition, he leads Continuing Learning Education (CLE) credit courses for attorneys and teaches on Matal v. Tam.[37][38][39] He was honored with the First Amendment Award from the Hugh M. Hefner Foundation, the Mark T. Banner Award from the American Bar Association, and Milestone Case of the Year from Managing IP Magazine for his activism.[40][41]

Media and public appearances

[edit]

In 2010, Tam started a music industry blog on his music company's website, Last Stop Booking (formerly Populuxe Entertainment). Soon after, became a frequent contributor for Music Think Tank, ASCAP, and had a regular column on the Huffington Post. Eventually, he published two books on the music industry, How to Get Sponsorships and Endorsements and Music Business Hacks.[42]

In late 2011, Tam began writing on racism and the Asian American experience for sites like CHANGELAB's Race Files and YOMYOMF.[43][44][45] In 2012, his essay, "A Slanted View," was published in Where Are You From? An Anthology of Asian American Writing.[1] Shortly after, he published numerous op-ed pieces on his trademark case, Matal v. Tam, for newspapers such as the New York Times and The Oregonian. He also began writing short pieces for feminist publication Bitch Media.[46]

In 2015, Tam's essay, Trademark Offense was published in Oregon Humanities magazine. It was later listed as an honorable mention in America's Best Essays 2016.

In 2019, Tam published his memoir, Slanted: How an Asian American Troublemaker Took on the Supreme Court. The memoir covers multiple aspects of his life as an artist-activist, including growing up as a child of immigrant restaurant owners, falling in love with punk rock, and the journey to the U.S Supreme Court.[47] It won the silver award for Best autobiography/Memoir from the Independent Publisher Book Awards.[48]

As a speaker, Tam often delivers keynotes and workshops for Fortune 500 companies as well as higher education organizations, with a focus on entrepreneurship, marketing, technology, and diversity and inclusion. He has made 13 TEDx appearances as a speaker and performer. In 2016, Tam joined President Barack Obama, George Takei, Jeremy Lin, and other celebrities in the #ActToChange campaign to fight bullying.[49]

Tam hosted the podcast show Music Business Hacks. In addition, he is a regular contributor for Billboard, Music Think Tank, ASCAP, and Huffington Post. In 2018, he co-founded The Slants Foundation, a nonprofit organization that provides scholarships and mentoring Asian American artists looking to incorporate community activism into their craft.[50] Tam also serves on the board of directors for numerous organizations.

Discography

[edit]
  • 1996: PR (Hardtack Records) – Pop Punk Ska Funk
  • 1998: Rockaway Teens (SBG Records) – Rock n' Roll Songs From High School
  • 1998: A-OK (SBG Records) – 5-Song EP (producer)
  • 1999: SBG Records – Something for the Kids (compilation CD, producer)
  • 2004: The Stivs (The Stivs) – T.B.I.L. Revisited
  • 2005: The Stivs (Boot to Head Records) – Sweet Heartache and the Satisfaction
  • 2007: The Slants (The Slants) – Slanted Eyes, Slanted Hearts
  • 2009: The Slants (The Slants) – Slants! Slants! Revolution
  • 2010: The Slants (The Slants) – Pageantry
  • 2012: The Slants (The Slants) – The Yellow Album
  • 2016: The Slants (The Slants) – Something Slanted This Way Comes
  • 2017: The Slants (In Music We Trust Records) – The Band Who Must Not Be Named EP
  • 2018: The Slants (WYNC Studios) – 27: The Most Perfect Album
  • 2019: The Slants (The Slants) – The Slants EP
  • 2023: The Slants (The Slants) – The Band Plays On

Bibliography

[edit]
  • 2012: How to Get Sponsorships and Endorsements
  • 2012: Where Are You From?: An Anthology of Asian American Writing (Volume 1)
  • 2014: "Music Business Hacks: The Daily Habits of the Self-Made Musician"
  • 2015: "Trademark Offense" (essay published in Oregon Humanities magazine)
  • 2017: "The Power on Repurposing a Slur" (essay published by The New York Times)
  • 2018: "Day of Judgement" (essay published in Oregon Humanities magazine)
  • 2018: "First Amendment, Trademarks, and the Slants: Our Journey to the Supreme Court" (law review article in Buffalo Intellectual Property Law Journal)[51]
  • 2019: Slanted: How an Asian American Troublemaker Took on the Supreme Court
  • 2020: "Simon Tam What The Slants’ First Amendment Case at the Supreme Court Actually Won" (The Oxford Handbook of Music Law and Policy The Oxford Handbook of Music Law and Policy)[52]

TEDx appearances

[edit]

In addition to his active speaking career, Tam was made numerous appearances at TEDx events as a performer and speaker:

  • 2014: TEDxUofW - A New Slant on Racism (talk)
  • 2014: TEDxSalem - Your Life Has a Word Count Limit - Make Every Word Count (talk)
  • 2014: TEDxSalem - The Slants (performance)
  • 2014: TEDxSpokane - Give Racism a Chance (talk)
  • 2014: TEDxSpokane - The Slants (performance)
  • 2015: TEDxUofW - How to Talk With a White Supremacist (talk)
  • 2015: TEDxFrontRange - The Innovation of Immigrants (talk)
  • 2015: TEDxColoradoSprings - Pitching Your Way to the TEDx Stage (talk)
  • 2015: TEDxErie - Losing the Line Between Art and Activism (talk)
  • 2016: TEDxMarylhurstU (host)
  • 2017: TEDxBend - Yes, Read the Comments Section (talk)
  • 2017: TEDxBend - From the Heart with The Slants[53] (performance)
  • 2018: TEDxDupontCircleEd - Once Upon an App: An Online Dating Fairytale (talk)

Honors and awards

[edit]
  • 2007: Top 5 Asian American Albums by AsiaXpress
  • 2008: Album of the Year by Portland Music Awards
  • 2008: Best Local Album by Willamette Week
  • 2009: Album of the Year by RockWired
  • 2009: Hardest Working Asian American Band[54]
  • 2014: Portland Rising Star by Light a Fire Awards
  • 2015: Distinguished Alumni Award by Marylhurst University
  • 2017: Freedom Fighter for Environmental Justice by Roosevelt Freedom Fighters
  • 2017: Citizen of the Year by Chinese American Citizens Alliance - Portland Lodge
  • 2018: Milestone Case of the Year by Managing IP Magazine
  • 2018: Mark T. Banner Award by the American Bar Association[55]
  • 2018: Hugh M. Hefner First Amendment Award in Arts & Entertainment
  • 2019: Ovation Lifetime Achievement Award by Greater Austin Asian Chamber of Commerce
  • 2020: Top 25 Books on the Constitution of All Time by Book Authority
  • 2020: Silver Award for Best Autobiography/Memoir by the Independent Publisher Book Awards
  • 2023: Spirit of America Award by Chinese American Citizens Alliance

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "Matal v. Tam". Becket. Retrieved March 25, 2019.
  2. ^ Flows, Capital. "Government Can Hate A Name, But Still Must Respect It". Forbes. Retrieved March 25, 2019.
  3. ^ "Matal v. Tam (2017)". oregonencyclopedia.org. Retrieved August 6, 2020.
  4. ^ "Supreme Court Finds Lanham Act Disparagement Clause Unconstitutional Under First Amendment". IP Intelligence. June 22, 2017. Retrieved March 25, 2019.
  5. ^ "In Major Free Speech Victory, SCOTUS Rules for 'The Slants' and Strikes Down Federal Trademark Restriction". June 19, 2017.
  6. ^ "Justices add eight new cases to docket for upcoming term, 2015". SCOTUSBlog. Retrieved March 5, 2016.
  7. ^ "Music Jobs Podcast Ep. 38: Giving Value Consistently with Simon Tam".
  8. ^ "Rock band The Slants, which seeks to 'reclaim' Asian American identity, to play in Riverside". Press Enterprise. April 22, 2023. Retrieved January 26, 2024.
  9. ^ Hamlin, Andrew (February 25, 2021). "Simon Tam: A slanted and enchanted life in public". Northwest Asian Weekly. Retrieved January 26, 2024.
  10. ^ "How 6 College Dropouts Scored Real-World Success | OPEN Forum". www.americanexpress.com. Retrieved July 26, 2018.
  11. ^ "The Slants: The Band Who Must Not Be Named". Reason.com. March 11, 2017. Retrieved July 26, 2018.
  12. ^ "The Stivs (punk rock band) on The Price Is Right -Bob Barker". YouTube. December 23, 2007. Retrieved January 4, 2015.
  13. ^ "The Beat is Loose Album credits". Caustic Fallout. Retrieved January 6, 2015.
  14. ^ "Portland's 'Chinatown Dance Rock' Band Takes Its Final Bow". Portland Monthly. Retrieved January 11, 2023.
  15. ^ "Rocker Simon Tam's Toy Car". Sierra Club. October 3, 2014. Retrieved July 26, 2018.
  16. ^ "Simon Tam". APANO Rolling Tides. August 1, 2016. Retrieved July 26, 2018.
  17. ^ "Marylhurst Magazine Fall 2017". Issuu. Retrieved July 26, 2018.
  18. ^ Bamman, Mattie John (February 8, 2016). "Punk Rock Frontman Opens Sellwood Wonton Noodle Soup Shop, Interior Revealed". Eater Portland. Retrieved March 10, 2020.
  19. ^ "Remembrance and Renewal Storytelling Festival | Asian American Center". aac.web.unc.edu. Retrieved January 11, 2023.
  20. ^ Pender, Rick. "Best Cincinnati Fringe Festival Shows to Catch Before Festival Ends, According to CityBeat's Theatre Critic". Cincinnati CityBeat. Retrieved January 11, 2023.
  21. ^ Tomeo, Marissa. "Cincinnati's 19th Annual Fringe Festival to Begin on June 3rd". BroadwayWorld.com. Retrieved January 11, 2023.
  22. ^ "Slanted: How an Asian American Troublemaker Took on the Supreme Court". BorderLight Festival. May 26, 2022. Retrieved January 11, 2023.
  23. ^ Ang, Marc (August 26, 2021). "Comedy InvAsian's Pan-Asian Talent Get To The Heart of Second Generation's "Child of Immigrants" Experience | The Hollywood Times". Retrieved January 11, 2023.
  24. ^ "NAMBA the movie - THE FILM". namba-movie.com. Retrieved January 11, 2023.
  25. ^ "Opera Theatre announces first selections by community panel looking for new voices". STLPR. November 16, 2022. Retrieved January 11, 2023.
  26. ^ "Opera Theatre of Saint Louis Announces First Cohort of Creators for its New Works Collective". OperaWire. August 5, 2022. Retrieved January 11, 2023.
  27. ^ Oregonian/OregonLive, Lizzy Acker | The (October 6, 2023). "The Slants, band that fought the government to trademark their name, reunite for final Portland show". oregonlive. Retrieved January 26, 2024.
  28. ^ "The Slants on the Power of Repurposing a Slur". The New York Times. June 23, 2017.
  29. ^ Jeong, Sarah (January 17, 2017). "Should We Be Able to Reclaim a Racist Insult — as a Registered Trademark?". The New York Times. Retrieved July 26, 2018.
  30. ^ "Portland band the Slants and the United States government ask: What's in a name?". OregonLive.com. Retrieved July 26, 2018.
  31. ^ "The Slants' Battle Over Their Name Wages On". Race Files. May 29, 2015. Retrieved July 26, 2018.
  32. ^ Tam, Simon (June 23, 2017). "Opinion | The Slants on the Power of Repurposing a Slur". The New York Times. Retrieved July 26, 2018.
  33. ^ "Opinion | Federal appeals court decides 'The Slants' case: excluding 'disparaging marks' from trademark registration violates the First Amendment". Washington Post. Retrieved July 26, 2018.
  34. ^ "The Slants Win Supreme Court Battle Over Band's Name In Trademark Dispute". NPR.org. Retrieved July 26, 2018.
  35. ^ Liptak, Adam (March 6, 2019). "Hip-Hop Artists Give the Supreme Court a Primer on Rap Music". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved March 25, 2019.
  36. ^ "Iancu v. Brunetti". SCOTUSblog. Retrieved March 25, 2019.
  37. ^ "Dorsey & Whitney Seminar Replay: Simon Tam & The Slants". TheTMCA.com. February 10, 2016. Retrieved July 26, 2018.
  38. ^ "The Slants participating in trademark, free expression CLE". Duquesne University School of Law. April 20, 2017. Retrieved July 26, 2018.
  39. ^ "Disparaging Marks and Mascots" (PDF). INTA Daily News. May 22, 2018. Retrieved July 26, 2018.
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