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{{Short description|2006 Spanish film by Pedro Almodóvar}}
{{other uses}}
{{other uses}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2020}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2020}}
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| editing = [[José Salcedo (film editor)|José Salcedo]]
| editing = [[José Salcedo (film editor)|José Salcedo]]
| studio = [[El Deseo]]
| studio = [[El Deseo]]
| distributor = [[Warner Bros. Pictures|Warner Bros. Entertainment España]]<br />[[Sony Pictures Classics]] (global)
| distributor = [[Warner Bros. Pictures|Warner Bros. Entertainment España]]
| released = {{Film date|df=y|2006|3|17|Spain}}
| released = {{Film date|df=y|2006|3|17|Spain}}
| runtime = 121 minutes
| runtime = 121 minutes
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| gross = $87.2 million
| gross = $87.2 million
}}
}}
'''''Volver''''' ({{IPA-es|bolˈβeɾ}}, meaning "to go back") is a 2006 Spanish [[comedy-drama]]<ref>{{cite web |last=Abele |first=Robert |url=https://variety.com/2006/film/markets-festivals/penelope-cruz-volver-1117955612/ |title=Penelope Cruz, 'Volver' |work=[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]] |date=12 December 2006 |access-date=31 July 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine |url=https://ew.com/article/2006/08/10/volver/ |title=Volver |magazine=[[Entertainment Weekly]] |date=10 August 2006 |access-date=31 July 2020}}</ref> film written and directed by [[Pedro Almodóvar]]. The film features an [[ensemble cast]] that includes [[Penélope Cruz]], [[Carmen Maura]], [[Lola Dueñas]], [[Blanca Portillo]], [[Yohana Cobo]], and [[Chus Lampreave]]. Revolving around an eccentric family of women from a wind-swept region south of [[Madrid]], Cruz stars as Raimunda, a working-class woman forced to go to great lengths to protect her 14-year-old daughter Paula. To top off the family crisis, her mother Irene returns from the dead to tie up loose ends.
'''''Volver''''' ({{IPA|es|bolˈβeɾ}}, meaning "to return") is a 2006 Spanish [[comedy-drama]]<ref>{{cite web |last=Abele |first=Robert |url=https://variety.com/2006/film/markets-festivals/penelope-cruz-volver-1117955612/ |title=Penelope Cruz, 'Volver' |work=[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]] |date=12 December 2006 |access-date=31 July 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine |url=https://ew.com/article/2006/08/10/volver/ |title=Volver |magazine=[[Entertainment Weekly]] |date=10 August 2006 |access-date=31 July 2020}}</ref> film written and directed by [[Pedro Almodóvar]]. The film features an [[ensemble cast]] that includes [[Penélope Cruz]], [[Carmen Maura]], [[Lola Dueñas]], [[Blanca Portillo]], [[Yohana Cobo]], and [[Chus Lampreave]]. Revolving around an eccentric family of women from a wind-swept region south of [[Madrid]], Cruz stars as Raimunda, a working-class woman forced to go to great lengths to protect her 14-year-old daughter Paula. To top off the family crisis, her mother Irene returns from the dead to tie up loose ends.


The plot originates in Almodóvar's earlier film ''[[The Flower of My Secret]]'' (1995), where it features as a novel which is rejected for publication but is stolen to form the screenplay of a film named ''The Freezer''. Drawing inspiration from the [[Italian neorealism]] of the late 1940s to early 1950s and the work of pioneering directors such as [[Federico Fellini]], [[Luchino Visconti]], and [[Pier Paolo Pasolini]], ''Volver'' addresses themes like sexual abuse, loneliness and death, mixing the genres of [[farce]], [[tragedy]], [[melodrama]], and [[magic realism]]. Set in the [[La Mancha]] region, Almodóvar's place of birth, the filmmaker cited his upbringing as a major influence on many aspects of the plot and the characters.
The plot originates in Almodóvar's earlier film ''[[The Flower of My Secret]]'' (1995), where it features as a novel which is rejected for publication but is stolen to form the screenplay of a film named ''The Freezer''. Drawing inspiration from the [[Italian neorealism]] of the late 1940s to early 1950s and the work of pioneering directors such as [[Federico Fellini]], [[Luchino Visconti]], and [[Pier Paolo Pasolini]], ''Volver'' addresses themes like sexual abuse, loneliness and death, mixing the genres of [[farce]], [[tragedy]], [[melodrama]], and [[magic realism]]. Set in the [[La Mancha]] region, Almodóvar's place of birth, the filmmaker cited his upbringing as a major influence on many aspects of the plot and the characters.
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==Plot==
==Plot==
⚫
Raimunda and her daughter, Paula, live with Raimunda’s husband, Paco, who Paula believes is her father. When Paco attempts to rape Paula, saying that he is not really her father, Paula stabs him to death in self-defense. Claiming her husband has run off, Raimunda hides his corpse in the deep-freezer of a shut-down nearby restaurant she is minding for the absent owner, Emilio. When members of a film crew come to the restaurant to cater a week's meals, the resourceful Raimunda strikes a deal to earn much needed money in her husband’s absence.
Raimunda and Sole are sisters who grew up in Alcanfor de las Infantas, a small village in [[La Mancha]], but now both live in [[Madrid]]. Their parents had died in a fire three years before.


⚫
Though they both now live in [[Madrid]], Raimunda and Sole are sisters who grew up in Alcanfor, a small village in [[La Mancha]]. Their parents died there in a fire three years previously. Meanwhile, Sole returns for the funeral of her elderly, [[dementia]]-stricken Aunt Paula. A neighbor, Agustina, confesses to Sole that she heard Paula talking to the ghost of Sole's and Raimunda's mother, Irene. Encountering her mother's ghost herself in Aunt Paula’s house, upon returning to Madrid, Sole finds that the ghost has stowed away in the trunk of her car. Sole lets Irene stay with her to assist at the illicit hair salon Sole operates out of her apartment, posing as a Russian immigrant who doesn't speak Spanish. The two conceal Irene’s presence from Raimunda, who hates her mother.
⚫
Raimunda and her daughter Paula live with Paula's father Paco. When he attempts to rape Paula, claiming that he is not really her father, Paula stabs him to death in self-defense. Raimunda hides the corpse in the deep-freezer of a nearby restaurant with an absent owner, Emilio. When members of a film crew happen upon the restaurant, Raimunda strikes a deal to cater for them, and finds herself back in the restaurant business.


Raimunda reveals to Paula that Paco was not her biological father, promising to tell her the whole story later. Leaving Paula with Sole, with the help of two paid suitably unquestioning female neighbors, Raimunda rents a van and transports the freezer containing the body to a spot by the river [[Júcar]], where they bury it.
⚫
Meanwhile, Sole returns for the funeral of her elderly and [[dementia]]-stricken Aunt Paula. Aunt Paula's neighbour Agustina confesses to Sole that she has heard Paula talking to the ghost of their mother Irene. Sole encounters her mother's ghost herself, and when she returns to Madrid, she discovers that the ghost has stowed away in the trunk of her car. Sole agrees to let Irene stay with her and assist her with clients for her illicit hair salon, which she operates out of her apartment. Irene agrees to pose as a Russian immigrant who doesn't speak any Spanish. Irene questions why Raimunda hates her and is fearful of revealing her presence to Raimunda.


Raimunda reveals to Paula that Paco was not her biological father, promising to tell her the whole story later. Agustina is diagnosed with terminal cancer and goes to Madrid for treatment. Raimunda visits her in the hospital. Agustina asks Raimunda if she has seen her mother's ghost. Agustina hopes that the ghost will be able to tell her about her own mother, who disappeared three years before. Raimunda leaves Paula with Sole, rents a van and transports the freezer to a convenient spot by the river [[Júcar]]. While staying in Sole's apartment, Paula meets her grandmother's ghost and grows close to her. The next night, Agustina comes to the restaurant, and reveals two startling secrets: her mother and Raimunda's father were having an affair, and her mother disappeared on the same day that Raimunda's parents died.
Meanwhile, diagnosed with terminal cancer, Augustina comes to Madrid for treatment. When Raimunda visits her in the hospital, Agustina asks Raimunda if she has seen her mother's ghost; Raimunda fears that Augustina too is exhibiting dementia. Agustina hopes the ghost will be able to tell her about her own mother, who disappeared three years before. While staying in Sole's apartment, Paula meets her grandmother's ghost, growing close to her. The next night, Agustina comes to the restaurant and reveals two startling secrets: her mother and Raimunda's father were having an affair, and her mother disappeared on the same day that Raimunda's parents died.


Sole reveals to Raimunda that she has seen their mother's ghost, who is in the next room with Paula. Irene admits that she did not, in fact, die in the fire, and reveals the whole truth. The reason for Raimunda and Irene's estrangement is that Raimunda's father [[Child sexual abuse|sexually abused]] her, resulting in the birth of Paula; thus, Paula is Raimunda's daughter and her sister. Irene tells Raimunda that she did not know about the abuse until Aunt Paula told her about it, and never forgave herself for not noticing it.
Sole reveals to a skeptical Raimunda that she has seen their mother's ghost, who is in the next room with Paula. Revealing the whole truth, Irene admits that she did not die in the fire. The reason for Raimunda and her estrangement, Irene has come to realize, is that Raimunda's father [[Child sexual abuse|sexually abused]] Raimunda, resulting in the birth of Paula. Thus, Paula is Raimunda's daughter and her sister. Unaware of Raimunda’s sexual abuse until Aunt Paula told her about it, Irene has never forgiven herself for being oblivious to it and believing Raimunda's pregnancy due to promiscuity. Finding her husband asleep in bed with another woman, Irene started the fire that killed them both. The ashes presumed to be Irene's were the ashes of Agustina's mother, the woman with whom Irene's husband was having an affair.


Irene explains that she found her husband in bed with another woman and started the fire that killed them both. The ashes that had been presumed to be Irene's were, in fact, the ashes of Agustina's mother, the woman with whom Irene's husband was having an affair. After the fire, Irene wandered for several days in the countryside, until she decided that she wanted to turn herself in. But first, she wanted to say goodbye to Aunt Paula, who had lost the ability to look after herself and with whom Irene had been living prior to setting the fire. Paula welcomed Irene home as if nothing had happened, and Irene stayed, caring for her sister and expecting that the police would come soon to arrest her. Due to the superstitious and closed nature of the community, however, the police never came and the residents, accustomed to tales of the dead returning, explained the rare sightings of Irene as a ghost.
After the fire, Irene wandered for several days in the countryside until deciding to turn herself in. First, however, she wanted to say goodbye to Aunt Paula, with whom Irene had been living prior to setting the fire and who had lost the ability to look after herself. Paula welcomed Irene home as if nothing had happened, and Irene stayed, caring for her sister and expecting that the police would come soon to arrest her. Due to the closed nature of the superstitious community, however, the police never came. Accustomed to tales of the dead returning, the residents explained the rare sightings of Irene as ghost sightings.


The family reunites at Aunt Paula's house. Irene reveals her presence to Agustina, who believes her to be a ghost. Irene pledges to stay in the village and care for Agustina as her cancer worsens, saying to Raimunda that it was the least that she could do after killing Agustina's mother. Raimunda visits her mother at Agustina's house, and the two embrace and promise to repair their relationship.
The family reunites at Aunt Paula's house. Irene reveals her presence to Agustina, who continues to believe her to be a ghost. As penance, Irene pledges to stay in the village and care for Agustina as her cancer worsens, saying to Raimunda that it is the least she can do after killing Agustina's mother. Raimunda and her mother embrace and promise to repair their relationship, with Raimunda regularly visiting her mother at Agustina's house.


==Cast==
==Cast==
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| direction = vertical
| direction = vertical
| width = 150
| width = 150
| footer = Top to bottom: [[Penélope Cruz]], [[Blanca Portillo]] and [[Lola Dueñas]] star in the film.
| footer = Top to bottom: [[Penélope Cruz]], [[Blanca Portillo]], [[Lola Dueñas]] and [[Carmen Maura]] star in the film.
| image1 = Premios Goya 2018 - Penélope Cruz.jpg
| image1 = Premios Goya 2018 - Penélope Cruz.jpg
| alt1 =
| alt1 =
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| alt4 =
| alt4 =
| caption4 =
| caption4 =
| image5 = (Carmen Maura) Entrega de la Medalla internacional de las Artes de la Comunidad de Madrid a Carmen Maura (33552184358) (cropped).jpg
}}
| alt5 =
| caption5 =
}}


* [[Penélope Cruz]] as Raimunda, a mother living in [[Madrid]]'s suburbs
* [[Penélope Cruz]] as Raimunda, a mother living in [[Madrid]]'s suburbs
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===Critical reception===
===Critical reception===
[[File:Pedro Almodovar and Penélope Cruz 2.jpg|thumb|Almodóvar and Cruz on the red carpet at the [[Prince of Asturias Awards|2006 Prince of Asturias Awards]].]]''Fotogramas'', Spain's top film magazine, gave it a five-star rating.<ref>[http://www.fotogramas.es/Peliculas/Volver/ Volver (2006)], Fotogramas.</ref> Upon its U.S. release, [[A. O. Scott]] made it an "NYT Critics' Pick" and wrote:<ref>{{cite web|first= A. O.|last= Scott|author-link=A. O. Scott|url= http://movies.nytimes.com/2006/11/03/movies/03volv.html|title=The Darkest of Troubles in the Brightest of Colors|newspaper=[[The New York Times]]|date=November 3, 2006|access-date=February 7, 2012}}</ref>
[[File:Pedro Almodovar and Penélope Cruz 2.jpg|thumb|Almodóvar and Cruz on the red carpet at the [[Prince of Asturias Awards|2006 Prince of Asturias Awards]].]]''Fotogramas'', Spain's top film magazine, gave it a five-star rating.<ref>[http://www.fotogramas.es/Peliculas/Volver/ Volver (2006)], Fotogramas.</ref> Upon its US release, [[A. O. Scott]] made it an "NYT Critics' Pick" and wrote:<ref>{{cite web|first= A. O.|last= Scott|author-link=A. O. Scott|url= http://movies.nytimes.com/2006/11/03/movies/03volv.html|title=The Darkest of Troubles in the Brightest of Colors|newspaper=[[The New York Times]]|date=November 3, 2006|access-date=February 7, 2012}}</ref>
<blockquote>To relate the details of the narrative—death, cancer, betrayal, parental abandonment, more death—would create an impression of dreariness and woe. But nothing could be further from the spirit of ''Volver'' which is buoyant without being flip, and consoling without ever becoming maudlin. Mr. Almodóvar acknowledges misfortune—and takes it seriously—from a perspective that is essentially comic. Very few filmmakers have managed to smile so convincingly in the face of misery and fatality: Jean Renoir and Billy Wilder come immediately to mind, and Mr. Almodóvar, if he is not yet their equal, surely belongs in their company. ''Volver'' is often dazzling in its artifice—[[José Luis Alcaine]]'s ripe cinematography, Alberto Iglesias's suave, heart-tugging score— but it is never false. It draws you in, invites you to linger and makes you eager to return.</blockquote>
<blockquote>To relate the details of the narrative—death, cancer, betrayal, parental abandonment, more death—would create an impression of dreariness and woe. But nothing could be further from the spirit of ''Volver'' which is buoyant without being flip, and consoling without ever becoming maudlin. Mr. Almodóvar acknowledges misfortune—and takes it seriously—from a perspective that is essentially comic. Very few filmmakers have managed to smile so convincingly in the face of misery and fatality: Jean Renoir and Billy Wilder come immediately to mind, and Mr. Almodóvar, if he is not yet their equal, surely belongs in their company. ''Volver'' is often dazzling in its artifice—[[José Luis Alcaine]]'s ripe cinematography, Alberto Iglesias's suave, heart-tugging score— but it is never false. It draws you in, invites you to linger and makes you eager to return.</blockquote>


[[Roger Ebert]] gave it his highest rating of four stars, calling it "enchanting, gentle, transgressive" and notes "Almodovar is above all a director who loves women—young, old, professional, amateur, mothers, daughters, granddaughters, dead, alive. Here his cheerful plot combines life after death with the concealment of murder, success in the restaurant business, the launching of daughters and with completely serendipitous solutions to (almost) everyone's problems".<ref>{{cite web|first=Roger|last=Ebert|author-link= Roger Ebert|url= https://www.rogerebert.com/reviews/volver-2006|title= Volver |newspaper=[[Chicago Sun-Times]]|date= November 22, 2006|access-date=September 12, 2018}}</ref>
[[Roger Ebert]] gave it his highest rating of four, calling it "enchanting, gentle, transgressive" and notes "Almodovar is above all a director who loves women—young, old, professional, amateur, mothers, daughters, granddaughters, dead, alive. Here his cheerful plot combines life after death with the concealment of murder, success in the restaurant business, the launching of daughters and with completely serendipitous solutions to (almost) everyone's problems".<ref>{{cite web|first=Roger|last=Ebert|author-link= Roger Ebert|url= https://www.rogerebert.com/reviews/volver-2006|title= Volver |newspaper=[[Chicago Sun-Times]]|date= November 22, 2006|access-date=September 12, 2018}}</ref>


As of 2020, the film has a "Certified Fresh" rating from critics at [[Rotten Tomatoes]], scoring a 91% based on 158 "Certified fresh" reviews out of 173 critics, and an average rating of 7.8/10, with the general consensus being "''Volver'' catches director Pedro Almodóvar and star Penélope Cruz at the peak of their respective powers, in service of a layered, thought-provoking film".<ref>{{Rotten-tomatoes|volver|Volver}}. Retrieved 2012-02-07</ref> It also has a score of 84 out of 100 on [[Metacritic]], based on 38 critics, indicating "universal acclaim".<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.metacritic.com/movie/volver|title=Volver|website=[[Metacritic]]}}</ref>
On [[Rotten Tomatoes]], the film has a 91% rating from critics, based on 158 positive reviews out of 173 critics, and an average rating of 7.8/10. The site's consensus states :"''Volver'' catches director Pedro Almodóvar and star Penélope Cruz at the peak of their respective powers, in service of a layered, thought-provoking film".<ref>{{Rotten-tomatoes|volver|Volver}}. Retrieved 2012-02-07</ref> On [[Metacritic]], it has a [[weighted arithmetic mean|weighted average]] score of 84 out of 100 based on 38 critics.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.metacritic.com/movie/volver |title=Volver |website=[[Metacritic]] }}</ref>


===Top ten lists===
===Top ten lists===
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* 9th – [[Shawn Levy]], ''[[The Oregonian]]''
* 9th – [[Shawn Levy]], ''[[The Oregonian]]''
* 10th – [[David Ansen]], ''[[Newsweek]]''
* 10th – [[David Ansen]], ''[[Newsweek]]''
* 10th – [[Lou Lumenick]], ''[[New York Post]]''
*; General top ten
*; General top ten
* Carina Chocano, ''[[Los Angeles Times]]''
* Carina Chocano, ''[[Los Angeles Times]]''
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[[Sight & Sound]] magazine's critics poll named ''Volver'' the 2nd-best film of 2006.<ref>{{cite web|title=The best films of 2006|url=https://www2.bfi.org.uk/sight-sound-magazine/best-films-2006|website=bfi.org|date=27 February 2017 }}</ref> In 2019, ''[[The Guardian]]'' ranked the film 46th in its 100 best films of the 21st century list.<ref>{{cite web |title=The 100 best films of the 21st century |url=https://www.theguardian.com/film/2019/sep/13/100-best-films-movies-of-the-21st-century |website=The Guardian |date=13 September 2019 |access-date=17 September 2019}}</ref>
[[Sight & Sound]] magazine's critics poll named ''Volver'' the 2nd-best film of 2006.<ref>{{cite web|title=The best films of 2006|url=https://www2.bfi.org.uk/sight-sound-magazine/best-films-2006|website=bfi.org|date=27 February 2017 }}</ref> In 2019, ''[[The Guardian]]'' ranked the film 46th in its 100 best films of the 21st century list.<ref>{{cite web |title=The 100 best films of the 21st century |url=https://www.theguardian.com/film/2019/sep/13/100-best-films-movies-of-the-21st-century |website=The Guardian |date=13 September 2019 |access-date=17 September 2019}}</ref>


===Awards and nominations===
===Accolades===
{{Anchor|Awards|Accolades}}
{{Anchor|Awards|Accolades}}
''Volver'' received a standing ovation when it was screened as part of the official selection at the [[2006 Cannes Film Festival]], and won the [[Best Screenplay Award (Cannes Film Festival)|Best Screenplay]] award as well as the award for [[Best Actress Award (Cannes Film Festival)|Best Actress]] — which was shared by the six stars of the film.<ref name="festival-cannes.com" />
''Volver'' received a standing ovation when it was screened as part of the official selection at the [[2006 Cannes Film Festival]], and won the [[Best Screenplay Award (Cannes Film Festival)|Best Screenplay]] award as well as the award for [[Best Actress Award (Cannes Film Festival)|Best Actress]] — which was shared by the six stars of the film.<ref name="festival-cannes.com" />
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* [http://download.guardian.co.uk/sys-audio/Film/audio/2006/08/08/almodovar.mp3 Audio] and [https://www.theguardian.com/film/2006/aug/04/features Transcript] from a 4 August 2006 interview about ''Volver'' with Pedro Almodóvar and Penélope Cruz at the [[National Film Theatre]]
* [http://download.guardian.co.uk/sys-audio/Film/audio/2006/08/08/almodovar.mp3 Audio] and [https://www.theguardian.com/film/2006/aug/04/features Transcript] from a 4 August 2006 interview about ''Volver'' with Pedro Almodóvar and Penélope Cruz at the [[National Film Theatre]]
* {{IMDb title|0441909|Volver}}
* {{IMDb title|0441909|Volver}}
* {{AllMovie title|326227|Volver}}
* {{Rotten-tomatoes|volver|Volver}}
* {{Rotten-tomatoes|volver|Volver}}
* {{Metacritic film|title=Volver}}
* {{Metacritic film|title=Volver}}
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[[Category:2006 films]]
[[Category:2006 films]]
[[Category:2006 comedy-drama films]]
[[Category:2006 comedy-drama films]]
[[Category:2006 independent films]]
[[Category:2000s ghost films]]
[[Category:2000s ghost films]]
[[Category:Best Film Goya Award winners]]
[[Category:Best Film Goya Award winners]]
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[[Category:Films about dysfunctional families]]
[[Category:Films about dysfunctional families]]
[[Category:Films directed by Pedro Almodóvar]]
[[Category:Films directed by Pedro Almodóvar]]
[[Category:Films featuring a Best Actress Goya Award-winning performance]]
[[Category:Films featuring a Best Actress Goya Award–winning performance]]
[[Category:Films featuring a Best Supporting Actress Goya Award-winning performance]]
[[Category:Films featuring a Best Supporting Actress Goya Award–winning performance]]
[[Category:Films scored by Alberto Iglesias]]
[[Category:Films scored by Alberto Iglesias]]
[[Category:Warner Bros. films]]
[[Category:Films set in Madrid]]
[[Category:Films set in Madrid]]
[[Category:Films shot in Madrid]]
[[Category:Films shot in Madrid]]
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[[Category:Films about sisters]]
[[Category:Films about sisters]]
[[Category:Spanish-language comedy-drama films]]
[[Category:Spanish-language comedy-drama films]]
[[Category:Spanish independent films]]

Latest revision as of 13:57, 22 December 2024

For other uses, see Volver (disambiguation).

Volver
Theatrical release poster
Directed byPedro Almodóvar
Written byPedro Almodóvar
Produced byEsther García
Starring
CinematographyJosé Luis Alcaine
Edited byJosé Salcedo
Music byAlberto Iglesias
Production
company
Distributed byWarner Bros. Entertainment España
Release date
  • 17 March 2006 (2006-03-17) (Spain)
Running time
121 minutes
CountrySpain
LanguageSpanish
Budget$9.4 million
Box office$87.2 million

Volver (Spanish pronunciation: [bolˈβeɾ], meaning "to return") is a 2006 Spanish comedy-drama[1][2] film written and directed by Pedro Almodóvar. The film features an ensemble cast that includes Penélope Cruz, Carmen Maura, Lola Dueñas, Blanca Portillo, Yohana Cobo, and Chus Lampreave. Revolving around an eccentric family of women from a wind-swept region south of Madrid, Cruz stars as Raimunda, a working-class woman forced to go to great lengths to protect her 14-year-old daughter Paula. To top off the family crisis, her mother Irene returns from the dead to tie up loose ends.

The plot originates in Almodóvar's earlier film The Flower of My Secret (1995), where it features as a novel which is rejected for publication but is stolen to form the screenplay of a film named The Freezer. Drawing inspiration from the Italian neorealism of the late 1940s to early 1950s and the work of pioneering directors such as Federico Fellini, Luchino Visconti, and Pier Paolo Pasolini, Volver addresses themes like sexual abuse, loneliness and death, mixing the genres of farce, tragedy, melodrama, and magic realism. Set in the La Mancha region, Almodóvar's place of birth, the filmmaker cited his upbringing as a major influence on many aspects of the plot and the characters.

Volver premiered at the 2006 Cannes Film Festival, where it competed for the Palme d'Or. It received critical acclaim and ultimately won two awards at the festival, for Best Actress (shared by the six main actresses) and Best Screenplay.[3] The film's Spanish premiere was held on 10 March 2006 in Puertollano, where the filming had taken place. It was selected as the Spanish entry for the Best Foreign Language Oscar for the 79th Academy Awards, making the January shortlist. Cruz was nominated for the 2006 Academy Award for Best Actress, making her the first Spanish woman ever to be nominated in that category.[4]

Plot

[edit]

Raimunda and her daughter, Paula, live with Raimunda’s husband, Paco, who Paula believes is her father. When Paco attempts to rape Paula, saying that he is not really her father, Paula stabs him to death in self-defense. Claiming her husband has run off, Raimunda hides his corpse in the deep-freezer of a shut-down nearby restaurant she is minding for the absent owner, Emilio. When members of a film crew come to the restaurant to cater a week's meals, the resourceful Raimunda strikes a deal to earn much needed money in her husband’s absence.

Though they both now live in Madrid, Raimunda and Sole are sisters who grew up in Alcanfor, a small village in La Mancha. Their parents died there in a fire three years previously. Meanwhile, Sole returns for the funeral of her elderly, dementia-stricken Aunt Paula. A neighbor, Agustina, confesses to Sole that she heard Paula talking to the ghost of Sole's and Raimunda's mother, Irene. Encountering her mother's ghost herself in Aunt Paula’s house, upon returning to Madrid, Sole finds that the ghost has stowed away in the trunk of her car. Sole lets Irene stay with her to assist at the illicit hair salon Sole operates out of her apartment, posing as a Russian immigrant who doesn't speak Spanish. The two conceal Irene’s presence from Raimunda, who hates her mother.

Raimunda reveals to Paula that Paco was not her biological father, promising to tell her the whole story later. Leaving Paula with Sole, with the help of two paid suitably unquestioning female neighbors, Raimunda rents a van and transports the freezer containing the body to a spot by the river Júcar, where they bury it.

Meanwhile, diagnosed with terminal cancer, Augustina comes to Madrid for treatment. When Raimunda visits her in the hospital, Agustina asks Raimunda if she has seen her mother's ghost; Raimunda fears that Augustina too is exhibiting dementia. Agustina hopes the ghost will be able to tell her about her own mother, who disappeared three years before. While staying in Sole's apartment, Paula meets her grandmother's ghost, growing close to her. The next night, Agustina comes to the restaurant and reveals two startling secrets: her mother and Raimunda's father were having an affair, and her mother disappeared on the same day that Raimunda's parents died.

Sole reveals to a skeptical Raimunda that she has seen their mother's ghost, who is in the next room with Paula. Revealing the whole truth, Irene admits that she did not die in the fire. The reason for Raimunda and her estrangement, Irene has come to realize, is that Raimunda's father sexually abused Raimunda, resulting in the birth of Paula. Thus, Paula is Raimunda's daughter and her sister. Unaware of Raimunda’s sexual abuse until Aunt Paula told her about it, Irene has never forgiven herself for being oblivious to it and believing Raimunda's pregnancy due to promiscuity. Finding her husband asleep in bed with another woman, Irene started the fire that killed them both. The ashes presumed to be Irene's were the ashes of Agustina's mother, the woman with whom Irene's husband was having an affair.

After the fire, Irene wandered for several days in the countryside until deciding to turn herself in. First, however, she wanted to say goodbye to Aunt Paula, with whom Irene had been living prior to setting the fire and who had lost the ability to look after herself. Paula welcomed Irene home as if nothing had happened, and Irene stayed, caring for her sister and expecting that the police would come soon to arrest her. Due to the closed nature of the superstitious community, however, the police never came. Accustomed to tales of the dead returning, the residents explained the rare sightings of Irene as ghost sightings.

The family reunites at Aunt Paula's house. Irene reveals her presence to Agustina, who continues to believe her to be a ghost. As penance, Irene pledges to stay in the village and care for Agustina as her cancer worsens, saying to Raimunda that it is the least she can do after killing Agustina's mother. Raimunda and her mother embrace and promise to repair their relationship, with Raimunda regularly visiting her mother at Agustina's house.

Cast

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Top to bottom: Penélope Cruz, Blanca Portillo, Lola Dueñas and Carmen Maura star in the film.

Production

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Origins

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Volver was first developed by Pedro Almodóvar, based on a story actress Marisa Paredes told him during the production of their 1995 film The Flower of My Secret, another film set in the La Mancha region.[5] The story revolved around a heartbroken Puerto Rican man who opts to kill his mother-in-law in hopes of reuniting with his beloved wife, who left him and broke off contact, at her mother's funeral. Owning a restaurant, he leaves it in his neighbour's care, when he is about to kill his victim.[5] Fascinated by the story and its background, Almodóvar decided on incorporating elements of it into the screenplay of The Flower of My Secret, making it the plot of a movie-within-the-movie based on the main character's novel in the film.[5] While working on the script for Volver, he would however settle on outlining the role of the neighbour Raimunda, as the film's central character, while Emilio, the Puerto Rican, eventually became a supporting role only.[6]

Almodóvar says of the story that "it is precisely about death...More than about death itself, the screenplay talks about the rich culture that surrounds death in the region of La Mancha, where I was born. It is about the way (not tragic at all) in which various female characters, of different generations, deal with this culture".[7]

Casting

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Penélope Cruz was the first reported to have landed one of the starring roles in Volver, having previously worked with Almodóvar on his films Live Flesh (1997) and All About My Mother (1999).[8] In preparing for her role, the actress watched Italian neorealism films from the 1950s, many of them starring Sophia Loren and Claudia Cardinale, to study "the Italian maggiorate" that Almodóvar envisioned for her performance in the film.[5] Cruz, who had to wear a prosthetic bottom while filming, noted the role of Raimunda as "the best gift an actress can get".[9]

Carmen Maura, the star of Almodóvar's debut Pepi, Luci, Bom (1980) and five additional films with the director, was the first to be cast in the film alongside Cruz.[8] Her engagement marked her first collaboration with Almodóvar after a period of 18 years and a reported fallout during the production of Women on the Verge of a Nervous Breakdown (1989).[10] Maura commented on the "borderline character" of Irene as a "very complicated [role to play]".[10]

Filming

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Shooting locations included Almagro.[11]

Music

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The tango "Volver" by Carlos Gardel with lyrics by Alfredo Le Pera is converted to flamenco and is sung in the movie with the voice of Estrella Morente and lip synced by Penélope Cruz. The dance tune playing at the party prior to Raimunda's lip syncing is called "Good Thing" by the British three-piece indie-dance combo Saint Etienne.

Reception

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Box office

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In the US alone, the film had made $12,897,993 (15.4% of the total) at the box office after 26.4 weeks of release in 689 theatres. The box office figure from the rest of the world is somewhere in the region of $71,123,059 (84.6% of the total) according to Box Office Mojo. The total worldwide gross is estimated at $84,021,052.[12]

As of 22 January 2007 the film had grossed $12,241,181 at the Spanish box office.[13]

Critical reception

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Almodóvar and Cruz on the red carpet at the 2006 Prince of Asturias Awards.

Fotogramas, Spain's top film magazine, gave it a five-star rating.[14] Upon its US release, A. O. Scott made it an "NYT Critics' Pick" and wrote:[15]

To relate the details of the narrative—death, cancer, betrayal, parental abandonment, more death—would create an impression of dreariness and woe. But nothing could be further from the spirit of Volver which is buoyant without being flip, and consoling without ever becoming maudlin. Mr. Almodóvar acknowledges misfortune—and takes it seriously—from a perspective that is essentially comic. Very few filmmakers have managed to smile so convincingly in the face of misery and fatality: Jean Renoir and Billy Wilder come immediately to mind, and Mr. Almodóvar, if he is not yet their equal, surely belongs in their company. Volver is often dazzling in its artifice—José Luis Alcaine's ripe cinematography, Alberto Iglesias's suave, heart-tugging score— but it is never false. It draws you in, invites you to linger and makes you eager to return.

Roger Ebert gave it his highest rating of four, calling it "enchanting, gentle, transgressive" and notes "Almodovar is above all a director who loves women—young, old, professional, amateur, mothers, daughters, granddaughters, dead, alive. Here his cheerful plot combines life after death with the concealment of murder, success in the restaurant business, the launching of daughters and with completely serendipitous solutions to (almost) everyone's problems".[16]

On Rotten Tomatoes, the film has a 91% rating from critics, based on 158 positive reviews out of 173 critics, and an average rating of 7.8/10. The site's consensus states :"Volver catches director Pedro Almodóvar and star Penélope Cruz at the peak of their respective powers, in service of a layered, thought-provoking film".[17] On Metacritic, it has a weighted average score of 84 out of 100 based on 38 critics.[18]

Top ten lists

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The film appeared on many critics' top ten lists of the best films of 2006.[19]

Sight & Sound magazine's critics poll named Volver the 2nd-best film of 2006.[20] In 2019, The Guardian ranked the film 46th in its 100 best films of the 21st century list.[21]

Accolades

[edit]

Volver received a standing ovation when it was screened as part of the official selection at the 2006 Cannes Film Festival, and won the Best Screenplay award as well as the award for Best Actress — which was shared by the six stars of the film.[3]

Year Award Category Nominee(s) Result Ref.
2006 59th Cannes Film Festival Best Actress Penélope Cruz, Carmen Maura, Lola Dueñas, Blanca Portillo, Yohana Cobo and Chus Lampreave Won [3]
Best Screenplay Pedro Almodóvar Won
19th European Film Awards Best Film Nominated
Best Director Pedro Almodóvar Won
Best Screenwriter Pedro Almodóvar Nominated
Best Actress Penélope Cruz Won
Best Cinematographer José Luis Alcaine Won
Best Composer Alberto Iglesias Won
11th Satellite Awards Best Foreign Language Film Won
Best Actress – Drama Penélope Cruz Nominated
Best Director Pedro Almodóvar Nominated
Best Screenplay – Original Pedro Almodóvar Nominated
19th Chicago Film Critics Association Awards Best Actress Penélope Cruz Nominated
Best Foreign Language Film Nominated
2007 78th National Board of Review Awards Best Foreign Language Film Won
7th Vancouver Film Critics Circle Awards Best Foreign Language Film Won
64th Golden Globe Awards Best Actress – Drama Penélope Cruz Nominated
Best Foreign Language Film Nominated
12th Critics' Choice Awards Best Actress Penélope Cruz Nominated
Best Foreign Language Film Nominated
5th Golden Eagle Awards Best Foreign Language Film Won [22]
21st Goya Awards Best Film Won
Best Director Pedro Almodóvar Won
Best Original Screenplay Pedro Almodóvar Nominated
Best Actress Penélope Cruz Won
Best Original Score Alberto Iglesias Won
Best Supporting Actress Carmen Maura Won
Lola Dueñas Nominated
Blanca Portillo Nominated
Best Cinematography José Luis Alcaine Nominated
Best Costume Design Sabine Daigeler Nominated
Best Make-Up and Hairstyles Massimo Gattabrusi and Ana Lozano Nominated
Best Art Direction Salvador Parra Nominated
Best Production Supervision Toni Novella Nominated
Best Sound Nominated
13th Screen Actors Guild Awards Best Actress Penélope Cruz Nominated
60th British Academy Film Awards Best Actress Penélope Cruz Nominated
Best Foreign Language Film Nominated
16th Actors and Actresses Union Awards Best Film Actress in a Leading Role Penélope Cruz Won [23][24]
Best Film Actress in a Secondary Role Blanca Portillo Won
Lola Dueñas Nominated
Carmen Maura Nominated
Best Film Actress in a Minor Role Chus Lampreave Won
32nd César Awards Best Foreign Film Nominated
79th Academy Awards Best Actress Penélope Cruz Nominated
12th Empire Awards Best Actress Penélope Cruz Won
12th Forqué Awards Best Film Nominated [25]
French Syndicate of Cinema Critics Awards Best Foreign Film Won

See also

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References

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  1. ^ Abele, Robert (12 December 2006). "Penelope Cruz, 'Volver'". Variety. Retrieved 31 July 2020.
  2. ^ "Volver". Entertainment Weekly. 10 August 2006. Retrieved 31 July 2020.
  3. ^ a b c "Festival de Cannes: Volver". festival-cannes.com. Retrieved 13 December 2009.
  4. ^ Schwartz, Missy (3 November 2006). "Penelope Cruz's return to greatness". Entertainment Weekly. New York City. Retrieved 14 January 2018.
  5. ^ a b c d D'Ursi, Carlo (14 March 2006). "Interview with Pedro Almodóvar, Director". Cineuropa. Retrieved 24 August 2011.
  6. ^ Pérez, Armando; Rey, Jennifer. "Volver:Regreso A La Mancha". CineActual. Retrieved 25 August 2011.
  7. ^ A Volver Diary by Pedro Almodóvar
  8. ^ a b "Penélope Cruz Meets Carmen Maura In "Volver", To Be Filmed On Madrid And Castilla La Mancha". Clubcultura.com. 16 May 2005. Archived from the original on 4 April 2005. Retrieved 26 August 2011.
  9. ^ Murray, Rebecca (16 May 2005). "Penelope Cruz Talks About "Volver"". About.com. Archived from the original on 8 October 2012. Retrieved 26 August 2011.
  10. ^ a b D'Ursi, Carlo (14 March 2006). "Interview with Carmen Maura, Actress". Cineuropa. Retrieved 26 August 2011.
  11. ^ "Almodóvar rueda en Almagro escenas de la película ´Volver´". Córdoba. Prensa Ibérica. 6 August 2005.
  12. ^ Volver (2006) from boxofficemojo.com
  13. ^ Volver (2006) – International Box Office Results from boxofficemojo.com
  14. ^ Volver (2006), Fotogramas.
  15. ^ Scott, A. O. (3 November 2006). "The Darkest of Troubles in the Brightest of Colors". The New York Times. Retrieved 7 February 2012.
  16. ^ Ebert, Roger (22 November 2006). "Volver". Chicago Sun-Times. Retrieved 12 September 2018.
  17. ^ Volver at Rotten Tomatoes. Retrieved 2012-02-07
  18. ^ "Volver". Metacritic.
  19. ^ "Metacritic: 2006 Film Critic Top Ten Lists". Metacritic. Archived from the original on 13 December 2007. Retrieved 8 January 2008.
  20. ^ "The best films of 2006". bfi.org. 27 February 2017.
  21. ^ "The 100 best films of the 21st century". The Guardian. 13 September 2019. Retrieved 17 September 2019.
  22. ^ Золотой Орел 2006 [Golden Eagle 2006] (in Russian). Ruskino.ru. Retrieved 6 March 2017.
  23. ^ "'Volver' y 'Así es (si así os parece)', las favoritas a los premios Unión de Actores". El Mundo. 5 January 2007.
  24. ^ "La Unión de Actores premia 'Volver´, 'El método Grönholm´ y 'Mujeres´". La Opinión de La Coruña. 13 February 2007.
  25. ^ "'El Laberinto del Fauno', ganadora del Premio Cinematográfico José María Forqué". La Vanguardia. 9 May 2007.
[edit]
Awards
Preceded by Cannes Film Festival
Prix du scénario
2006 		Succeeded by
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