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Coordinates: 25°42′N 85°11′E / 25.7°N 85.18°E / 25.7; 85.18
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{{Use Indian English|date=August 2018}}
{{Use Indian English|date=August 2018}}
{{Infobox settlement
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Sonpur
| name = Sonpur
| other_name =
| other_name =
| nickname =
| nickname =
| settlement_type = [[City]]
| settlement_type = [[City]]
| image_skyline = Digha Sonpur bridge 3.png
| image_skyline = Digha Sonpur bridge 3.png
| imagesize =
| imagesize =
| image_alt =
| image_alt =
| image_caption = [[Digha–Sonpur Bridge]]
| image_caption = [[Digha–Sonpur Bridge]]
| pushpin_map = India Bihar
| pushpin_map = India Bihar
| pushpin_label_position =
| pushpin_label_position =
| pushpin_map_alt =
| pushpin_map_alt =
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in Bihar, India
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in Bihar, India
| coordinates = {{coord|25.7|N|85.18|E|display=inline,title}}
| coordinates = {{coord|25.7|N|85.18|E|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = {{flag|India}}
| subdivision_name = {{flag|India}}
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Bihar]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Bihar]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[List of districts of India|District]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[List of districts of India|District]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Saran district|Saran]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Saran district|Saran]]
| established_title = <!-- Established -->
| established_title = <!-- Established -->
| established_date =
| established_date =
| founder =
| founder =
| named_for =
| named_for =
| government_type =
| government_type =
| governing_body =
| governing_body =
| unit_pref = Metric
| unit_pref = Metric
| area_footnotes =
| area_footnotes =
| area_rank =
| area_rank =
| area_total_km2 = 8.27
| area_total_km2 = 8.27
| elevation_footnotes =
| elevation_footnotes =
| elevation_m =
| elevation_m =
| population_total = 2,88,102<ref name="saranfull2021">{{cite web|url=https://www.indiagrowing.com/Bihar/Saran/Sonepur|title=Page 34 and Page 312 – 159.65 sq. km = 15,965 hectares }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.citypopulation.de/php/india-bihar.php | title=INDIA: Bihar, Cities, Towns and Outgrowth Wards | publisher=citypopulation.de | access-date=21 February 2014}}</ref>
| population_total = 2,88,102<ref name="saranfull2021">{{cite web|url=https://www.indiagrowing.com/Bihar/Saran/Sonepur|title=Page 34 and Page 312 – 159.65 sq. km = 15,965 hectares }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.citypopulation.de/php/india-bihar.php | title=INDIA: Bihar, Cities, Towns and Outgrowth Wards | publisher=citypopulation.de | access-date=21 February 2014}}</ref>
| population_as_of = 2021
| population_as_of = 2021
| population_rank =
| population_rank =
| population_density_km2 = 4568
| population_density_km2 = 4568
| population_demonym =
| population_demonym =
| population_footnotes =
| population_footnotes =
| demographics_type1 = Languages
| demographics_type1 = Languages
| demographics1_title1 = Official
| demographics1_title1 = Official
| demographics1_info1 = [[Hindi language|Hindi]]
| demographics1_info1 = [[Hindi language|Hindi]]
| demographics_type2 = Regional Languages
| demographics_type2 = Regional Languages
| demographics2_title2 = Regional
| demographics2_title2 = Regional
| demographics2_info2 = [[Maithili language|Maithili]] and [[Bhojpuri language|Bhojpuri]]
| demographics2_info2 = [[Bhojpuri language|Bhojpuri]]
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +5:30
| utc_offset1 = +5:30
| leader_title2 = [[Member of the Legislative Assembly (India)|MLA]]
| leader_title2 = [[Member of the Legislative Assembly (India)|MLA]]
| leader_name2 = Dr Ramanauj Prasad (R.J.D)
| leader_name2 = Dr Ramanauj Prasad (R.J.D)
| leader_title3 = [[Member of Parliament]]
| leader_title3 = [[Member of Parliament]]
| leader_name3 = [[Rajiv Pratap Rudy]]
| leader_name3 = [[Rajiv Pratap Rudy]]
| postal_code_type = [[Postal Index Number|PIN]]
| postal_code_type = [[Postal Index Number|PIN]]
| postal_code = 841101
| postal_code = 841101
| area_code_type = Telephone code
| area_code_type = Telephone code
| area_code = +91-6158
| area_code = +91-6158
| registration_plate = [[List of RTO districts in India#BR—Bihar|BR]]-04
| registration_plate = [[List of RTO districts in India#BR—Bihar|BR]]-04
| blank1_name_sec1 = [[Lok Sabha]] constituency
| blank1_name_sec1 = [[Lok Sabha]] constituency
| blank1_info_sec1 = [[Saran (Lok Sabha constituency)|Saran]]
| blank1_info_sec1 = [[Saran (Lok Sabha constituency)|Saran]]
| blank2_name_sec1 = [[Vidhan Sabha]] constituency
| blank2_name_sec1 = [[Vidhan Sabha]] constituency
| blank2_info_sec1 = [[Sonepur (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Sonepur]]
| blank2_info_sec1 = [[Sonepur (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Sonepur]]
| blank3_name_sec1 =
| blank3_name_sec1 =
| blank3_info_sec1 =
| blank3_info_sec1 =
| blank4_name_sec1 = Civic agency
| blank4_name_sec1 = Civic agency
| blank4_info_sec1 = Sonepur Nagar Panchayat
| blank4_info_sec1 = Sonepur Nagar Panchayat
| website =
| website =
| iso_code = [[ISO 3166-2:IN|IN-BR]]
| iso_code = [[ISO 3166-2:IN|IN-BR]]
| footnotes =
| footnotes =
| official_name = Sonepur
| official_name = Sonepur
}}
}}


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The town is located at {{Coord|25.7|N|85.1832|E|}} at an altitude of 42&nbsp;metres (137&nbsp;ft) above [[sea level]].
The town is located at {{Coord|25.7|N|85.1832|E|}} at an altitude of 42&nbsp;metres (137&nbsp;ft) above [[sea level]].


The Gandaki River would have been the route of the movement of Buddha and his followers from the Nepalese [[Tarai]] to [[Magadh]]. This is why many stupas and similar structures, including [[Pillars of Ashoka]], are found on the banks of the river. The location of [[Pathar Ki Mosque]] just opposite the confluence of the Gandaki and the Ganges shows the Muslim influence of trade and commerce in medieval times. The current township, [[Patna]], is just the modern version of the makeshift headquarters of military establishments in the old Patna City which in turn was a later version of [[Pataliputra]], the capital of the [[Maurya]] Empire.{{citation needed|date=July 2023}}
The Gandaki River would have been the route of the movement of Buddha and his followers from the Nepalese [[Tarai]] to [[Magadha (Mahajanapada)|Magadh]]. This is why many stupas and similar structures, including [[Pillars of Ashoka]], are found on the banks of the river. The location of [[Pathar Ki Mosque]] just opposite the confluence of the Gandaki and the Ganges shows the Muslim influence of trade and commerce in medieval times. The current township, [[Patna]], is just the modern version of the makeshift headquarters of military establishments in the old Patna City which in turn was a later version of [[Pataliputra]], the capital of the [[Maurya]] Empire.{{citation needed|date=July 2023}}


==Transportation==
==Transportation==
Line 84: Line 84:


===Roads===
===Roads===
[[File:Kushwaha Chowk.jpg|thumb|Kushwaha square is located near Digha-Sonepur bridge, it connects Sonepur to Patna.]]
Sonpur is nearly 3&nbsp;km from [[Hajipur]], 25&nbsp;km from Patna, 58&nbsp;km from [[Muzaffarpur]] and 60&nbsp;km from [[Chhapra]], the headquarters of Saran District. Buses, taxis and rickshaws are easily available.{{citation needed|date=July 2023}}
Sonpur is nearly 3&nbsp;km from [[Hajipur]], 25&nbsp;km from Patna, 58&nbsp;km from [[Muzaffarpur]] and 60&nbsp;km from [[Chhapra]], the headquarters of Saran District. Buses, taxis and rickshaws are easily available.{{citation needed|date=July 2023}}


Line 106: Line 107:


==Hariharnath Mandir==
==Hariharnath Mandir==
Hariharnath Mandir ({{lang-hi|हरिहर नाथ मंदिर}}) in Sonpur is also known for being a famous temple and being the site of the [[Battle of Ghaghra]]. During [[Kartik Purnima]] a ceremonial bathing in the Ganges is held by Hindus. On the day of full moon, immense crowds assemble and bathe. The Shiva temple, Kali temple and other temples and historical religious monuments are situated here and social and economical activities are at their highest peak during the cattle fair period.{{citation needed|date=July 2023}}
Hariharnath Mandir ({{langx|hi|हरिहर नाथ मंदिर}}) in Sonpur is also known for being a famous temple and being the site of the [[Battle of Ghaghra]]. During [[Kartik Purnima]] a ceremonial bathing in the Ganges is held by Hindus. On the day of full moon, immense crowds assemble and bathe. The Shiva temple, Kali temple and other temples and historical religious monuments are situated here and social and economical activities are at their highest peak during the cattle fair period.{{citation needed|date=July 2023}}


According to Uday Pratap Singh, author of the book ''Baba Hariharanath'', before 1757, the Hariharanath Mandir was composed of artistic rock clusters of timber and black stones. These pictures and praises of Hari were engraved on them. Meanwhile, this temple was reconstructed by Ram Narayan Singh, the deputy sub-ruler of [[Mir Qasim]]. He was a resident of [[Nayagaon, Bihar|Nayagaon, Saran]]. After this, in 1860, the Empress of Tekai built a hospice in the temple premises. In 1871, the remaining three oases of the temple complex were constructed by Maharana Jangbahadur of Nepal. In the [[1934 Nepal–Bihar earthquake]], the temple complex, Osara and Pakora were damaged. After this the Birla family rebuilt it. The English writer Harry Abbott has highlighted the importance of this temple in his diary while visiting the Hariharnath Mandir. In 1871, English writer Minden Wilson described the Sonpur fair in his diary.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.jagran.com/bihar/patna-city-sonepur-fare-inagurated-in-bihar-britishers-once-purchased-lakhs-of-horses-from-here-18664499.html|title=बिहार में विश्‍वप्रसिद्ध सोनपुर मेले का आगाज, यहां से कभी अंग्रेजों ने खरीदे थे लाखों घोड़े}}</ref>
According to Uday Pratap Singh, author of the book ''Baba Hariharanath'', before 1757, the Hariharanath Mandir was composed of artistic rock clusters of timber and black stones. These pictures and praises of Hari were engraved on them. Meanwhile, this temple was reconstructed by Ram Narayan Singh, the deputy sub-ruler of [[Mir Qasim]]. He was a resident of [[Nayagaon, Bihar|Nayagaon, Saran]]. After this, in 1860, the Empress of Tekai built a hospice in the temple premises. In 1871, the remaining three oases of the temple complex were constructed by Maharana Jangbahadur of Nepal. In the [[1934 Nepal–Bihar earthquake]], the temple complex, Osara and Pakora were damaged. After this the Birla family rebuilt it. The English writer Harry Abbott has highlighted the importance of this temple in his diary while visiting the Hariharnath Mandir. In 1871, English writer Minden Wilson described the Sonpur fair in his diary.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.jagran.com/bihar/patna-city-sonepur-fare-inagurated-in-bihar-britishers-once-purchased-lakhs-of-horses-from-here-18664499.html|title=बिहार में विश्‍वप्रसिद्ध सोनपुर मेले का आगाज, यहां से कभी अंग्रेजों ने खरीदे थे लाखों घोड़े}}</ref>

Latest revision as of 14:41, 11 November 2024

For other uses, see Sonepur.

Sonpur
City
Sonepur
Digha–Sonpur Bridge
Digha–Sonpur Bridge
Sonpur is located in Bihar
Sonpur
Sonpur
Location in Bihar, India
Coordinates: 25°42′N 85°11′E / 25.7°N 85.18°E / 25.7; 85.18
Country India
StateBihar
DistrictSaran
Government
 • MLADr Ramanauj Prasad (R.J.D)
 • Member of ParliamentRajiv Pratap Rudy
Area
 • Total
8.27 km2 (3.19 sq mi)
Population
 (2021)
 • Total
288,102[1][2]
 • Density4,568/km2 (11,830/sq mi)
Languages
 • OfficialHindi
Regional Languages
 • RegionalBhojpuri
Time zoneUTC+5:30 (IST)
PIN
841101
Telephone code+91-6158
ISO 3166 codeIN-BR
Vehicle registrationBR-04
Lok Sabha constituencySaran
Vidhan Sabha constituencySonepur
Civic agencySonepur Nagar Panchayat

Sonpur, officially named Sonepur, is a city in the Indian state of Bihar, situated on the banks of the Gandaki River and Ganges River in the Saran District. Sonpur hosts Asia's largest cattle fair, which starts on Kartik Poornima.[3]

Geography

[edit]

The town is located at 25°42′00″N 85°11′00″E / 25.7°N 85.1832°E / 25.7; 85.1832 at an altitude of 42 metres (137 ft) above sea level.

The Gandaki River would have been the route of the movement of Buddha and his followers from the Nepalese Tarai to Magadh. This is why many stupas and similar structures, including Pillars of Ashoka, are found on the banks of the river. The location of Pathar Ki Mosque just opposite the confluence of the Gandaki and the Ganges shows the Muslim influence of trade and commerce in medieval times. The current township, Patna, is just the modern version of the makeshift headquarters of military establishments in the old Patna City which in turn was a later version of Pataliputra, the capital of the Maurya Empire.[citation needed]

Transportation

[edit]

Sonpur is in the Saran District of Bihar and is easily accessible via railways, roads, and waterways.[4]

Roads

[edit]
Kushwaha square is located near Digha-Sonepur bridge, it connects Sonepur to Patna.

Sonpur is nearly 3 km from Hajipur, 25 km from Patna, 58 km from Muzaffarpur and 60 km from Chhapra, the headquarters of Saran District. Buses, taxis and rickshaws are easily available.[citation needed]

Railways

[edit]
Sonpur station

The nearest railway station is Sonpur Junction railway station. It has trains connecting to almost every part of India.[5] It is the divisional headquarters of the East Central Railway of the Indian Railways.

Waterways

[edit]

The Bihar State Tourism Development Corporation (BSTDC) organizes ferries to Sonpur during the Sonepur Cattle Fair.[4][clarification needed]

Airways

[edit]

The nearest airport to Sonpur is the Jay Prakash Narayan Airport in Patna, around 25 km away.

Real estate boom

[edit]

Real estate prices soared in Sonepur after the start of construction of Digha–Sonpur bridge in 2002.[6][7] Real estate companies were reported to be acquiring large chunks of land and dividing them into small plots.[8][9][10]

Cattle fair

[edit]
Main article: Sonepur Cattle Fair

Sonepur Cattle Fair is held annually in the city.[11] The sight of numerous elephants, decorated for the purpose of sale, is an important visitor attraction.[12][13]

The fair is held on Kartik Poornima in November. It is also known as Harihar Kshetra Mela and attracts visitors from all over Asia. To date, it is the largest cattle fair of India and stretches on from fifteen days to one month. It has its origins in ancient times: Chandragupta Maurya used to buy elephants and horses across the river Ganges. The Sonepur Cattle Fair once attracted traders from places as distant as Central Asia. In 2001, the number of elephants brought to Sonpur was 92, rising 354 elephants in 2004, while in 2016, 13 elephants made it to the fair,[14] only for display, not for sale.[15] In 2017, there were three tuskers at the fair.[16] The fair continues to attract foreign tourists who come to see various elements of rural settlement.[17][18] Apart from the photo opportunity, elephants continue to lure foreign tourists. Swiss cottages are set up by Bihar State Tourism Development Corporation (BSTDC) at the Sonpur fair,[19][20] with facilities with Internet access, motor boat rides on the Gandaki River, food at the tourist village and pre-paid taxis from Patna Airport to the cattle fair.[21][22] A Disneyland park is set up during the fair.[23] A railgram stall is also set up by railways,[24] with toy trains also being erected for children.[25]

Hariharnath Mandir

[edit]

Hariharnath Mandir (Hindi: हरिहर नाथ मंदिर) in Sonpur is also known for being a famous temple and being the site of the Battle of Ghaghra. During Kartik Purnima a ceremonial bathing in the Ganges is held by Hindus. On the day of full moon, immense crowds assemble and bathe. The Shiva temple, Kali temple and other temples and historical religious monuments are situated here and social and economical activities are at their highest peak during the cattle fair period.[citation needed]

According to Uday Pratap Singh, author of the book Baba Hariharanath, before 1757, the Hariharanath Mandir was composed of artistic rock clusters of timber and black stones. These pictures and praises of Hari were engraved on them. Meanwhile, this temple was reconstructed by Ram Narayan Singh, the deputy sub-ruler of Mir Qasim. He was a resident of Nayagaon, Saran. After this, in 1860, the Empress of Tekai built a hospice in the temple premises. In 1871, the remaining three oases of the temple complex were constructed by Maharana Jangbahadur of Nepal. In the 1934 Nepal–Bihar earthquake, the temple complex, Osara and Pakora were damaged. After this the Birla family rebuilt it. The English writer Harry Abbott has highlighted the importance of this temple in his diary while visiting the Hariharnath Mandir. In 1871, English writer Minden Wilson described the Sonpur fair in his diary.[26]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "Page 34 and Page 312 – 159.65 sq. km = 15,965 hectares".
  2. ^ "INDIA: Bihar, Cities, Towns and Outgrowth Wards". citypopulation.de. Retrieved 21 February 2014.
  3. ^ "World Famous Sonpur Cattle Fair to begin on November 16". Biharprabha News. Retrieved 4 December 2013.
  4. ^ a b "How to reach Sonpur Town?". Explore Bihar. Retrieved 4 December 2013.
  5. ^ "Sonepur mela, Bihar". sonpur mela.
  6. ^ "Lack of infra deters people from buying land at Sonepur". The Times of India.
  7. ^ "Realty to broaden horizon". Archived from the original on 16 July 2015.
  8. ^ "यहां मिलेगा 15 लाख रुपए में फ्लैट, गंगा किनारे लग्जुरियस लाइफ जीने का मौका".
  9. ^ "पटना से सटे सोनपुर बना रियल एस्‍टेट का बड़ा बाजार सस्‍ती प्रॉपर्टी खरीदने का मौका".
  10. ^ "TCW Reality" (PDF).
  11. ^ "Destinations :: Sonepur".
  12. ^ "The gentle giants of Sonepur".
  13. ^ "The Sonpur Cattle Fair". Retrieved 4 December 2013.
  14. ^ "At the centuries-old Sonepur cattle fair, animals are no longer the main attraction". 12 November 2017.
  15. ^ "Tuskers bid adieu to Sonepur Mela". The Times of India.
  16. ^ "बिहार: सोनपुर पशु मेले में अब तक सिर्फ 3 हाथी पहुंचे". Archived from the original on 7 November 2017. Retrieved 6 November 2017.
  17. ^ "Rustic touch of Sonepur Mela attracts foreigners". The Times of India.
  18. ^ "Through foreign eyes, Sonepur fares better Visitors say state's cattle mela mirrors real India more than Pushkar fair does". Archived from the original on 12 December 2015.
  19. ^ "Foreign tourists line up for Sonepur fair Swiss cottages". Archived from the original on 7 November 2017.
  20. ^ "Deputy CM to inaugurate Sonepur fair today". The Times of India.
  21. ^ "Swiss cottages at Sonepur fair a tourist delight". The Times of India.
  22. ^ "Swiss cottages to cost more". Archived from the original on 13 October 2014.
  23. ^ "2 days on, govt stalls yet to open at Sonepur Mela". The Times of India.
  24. ^ "अगर सोनपुर मेला घूम रहे हैं तो रेल ग्राम प्रदर्शनी जरूर देखें".
  25. ^ "AGM inaugurates 'Railgram' at Sonepur fair". The Times of India.
  26. ^ "बिहार में विश्‍वप्रसिद्ध सोनपुर मेले का आगाज, यहां से कभी अंग्रेजों ने खरीदे थे लाखों घोड़े".
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