KNDS: Difference between revisions
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{{Short description|French-German defence company}} |
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{{Other uses}} |
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{{Infobox company |
{{Infobox company |
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| name = |
| name = KNDS N.V. |
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| logo = |
| logo = KNDS Logo (2024).png |
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| logo_size = |
| logo_size = 220px |
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| logo_alt = |
| logo_alt = |
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| logo_caption = |
| logo_caption = |
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| type = [[Naamloze vennootschap]] |
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| image = United States Secretary of State Antony Blinken visits Nexter (KNDS) Headquarters with French Defense Minister Sébastien Lecornu in Paris, France on 2 April 2024 (cropped).jpg |
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| industry = [[Arms industry|Defence]] |
| industry = [[Arms industry|Defence]] |
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| founded = {{start date and age|2015|12|15}} |
| founded = {{start date and age|2015|12|15}} |
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| hq_location_country = Netherlands |
| hq_location_country = Netherlands |
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| area_served = |
| area_served = |
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| key_people = |
| key_people = Frank Haun, [[CEO]] |
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| products = |
| products = |
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| owners = {{plainlist| |
| owners = {{plainlist| |
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* [[Agence des participations de l'État]] (APE) (50%) |
* [[Agence des participations de l'État]] (APE) (50%) |
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* {{interlanguage link|Wegmann-Gruppe|de}} (50%)}} |
* {{interlanguage link|Wegmann-Gruppe|de}} (50%)}} |
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| revenue = |
| revenue = €3.3 billion |
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| revenue_year = |
| revenue_year = 2023 |
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| operating_income = |
| operating_income = |
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| income_year = |
| income_year = |
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| equity = |
| equity = |
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| equity_year = |
| equity_year = |
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| num_employees = |
| num_employees = 9,500 |
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| num_employees_year = |
| num_employees_year = 2023 |
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| subsid = [[Krauss-Maffei Wegmann]]<br>[[Nexter Systems]] |
| subsid = [[Krauss-Maffei Wegmann]]<br>[[Nexter Systems]]<br>KNDS UK |
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| divisions = |
| divisions = |
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| homepage = {{url|www.knds.com}} |
| homepage = {{url|www.knds.com}} |
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'''KNDS''', formerly '''KMW+Nexter Defense Systems''',{{efn-la|According to the trade register maintained by the Dutch Chamber of Commerce, the company's legal name was KMW + Nexter Defense Systems N.V. from 6 July 2016 to 14 June 2023, and Honosthor N.V. from 2 October 2015 to 6 July 2016.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.kvk.nl/bestellen/#/64277925000033117004 |url-access=subscription |title=KVK Handelsregister historie |trans-title=Trade register history |author=<!--Not stated--> |date=9 July 2024 |language=nl |website=KVK Trade Register |publisher=[[:nl:Kamer van Koophandel (Nederland)|Netherlands Chamber of Commerce]] |access-date=9 July 2024 |quote=}}</ref>}} is a European defence industry holding company, which is the result of a merger between [[Krauss-Maffei Wegmann]] and [[Nexter Systems]]. The joint holding company is headquartered in [[Amsterdam]], [[Netherlands]].<ref>[http://defense-update.com/20151215_kant.html KMW, Nexter Merger Completed] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160411044341/http://defense-update.com/20151215_kant.html |date=2016-04-11 }}. defense-update.com. Retrieved 10 June 2016</ref> |
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==History== |
==History== |
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KNDS is the joint holding company formed by German family-controlled defence company [[Krauss-Maffei Wegmann]] (KMW) and the [[France|French]] government-owned [[weapons manufacturer]] [[Nexter Systems|Nexter]], two of the leading European manufacturers of military land systems.<ref>[http://www.upi.com/Business_News/Security-Industry/2015/05/27/Report-KMW-Nexter-to-sign-merger-agreement/3781432755336/ Report: KMW, Nexter to sign merger agreement] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150612011145/http://www.upi.com/Business_News/Security-Industry/2015/05/27/Report-KMW-Nexter-to-sign-merger-agreement/3781432755336/ |date=2015-06-12 }}. upi.com. Retrieved 13 June 2015</ref> |
KNDS is the joint holding company formed by German family-controlled defence company [[Krauss-Maffei Wegmann]] (KMW), and the [[France|French]] government-owned [[weapons manufacturer]] [[Nexter Systems|Nexter]], two of the leading European manufacturers of military land systems.<ref>[http://www.upi.com/Business_News/Security-Industry/2015/05/27/Report-KMW-Nexter-to-sign-merger-agreement/3781432755336/ Report: KMW, Nexter to sign merger agreement] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150612011145/http://www.upi.com/Business_News/Security-Industry/2015/05/27/Report-KMW-Nexter-to-sign-merger-agreement/3781432755336/ |date=2015-06-12 }}. upi.com. Retrieved 13 June 2015</ref> |
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Negotiations between the companies and the German and French governments started in Summer 2014 |
Negotiations between the companies and the German and French governments started in Summer 2014.<ref name="yah1">{{cite news |url=https://finance.yahoo.com/news/nexter-kmw-start-talks-possible-170829226.html |title=Nexter, KMW start talks on possible defence tie-up - source |date=July 2014 }}</ref> Support for a merger was building in both Germany and France. Presenting the project to French lawmakers in January 2015,<ref name="assnat1">{{cite news |url=https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/14/cr-cdef/14-15/c1415030.asp |title=Assemblée nationale ~ Compte rendu de réunion de la commission de la défense nationale et des forces armées }}</ref> CEOs of both companies assumed that the new holding would boost production for both manufacturers by avoiding [[export restriction]]s, especially in Germany.<ref>[http://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/14/cr-cdef/14-15/c1415030.asp Commission de la défense nationale et des forces armées] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150524135016/http://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/14/cr-cdef/14-15/c1415030.asp |date=2015-05-24 }}. assemblee-nationale.fr. Retrieved 13 June 2015 (French)</ref> In July 2015 the French [[National Assembly (France)|National Assembly]] voted in favour of a measure that permits the privatisation of state-owned defence companies, paving the way for KMW and Nexter to join forces.<ref name="lat1">{{cite news |url=https://www.latribune.fr/entreprises-finance/industrie/aeronautique-defense/comment-le-mariage-entre-nexter-et-krauss-maffei-a-ete-blinde-494482.html |title=Comment le mariage entre Nexter et Krauss-Maffei a été blindé |date=29 July 2015 }}</ref><ref name=dw1>[http://www.dw.com/en/german-french-tank-makers-could-merge-next-week/a-18575135 German, French tank makers could merge next week] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304050728/http://www.dw.com/en/german-french-tank-makers-could-merge-next-week/a-18575135 |date=2016-03-04 }}. dw.com, 10 July 2015</ref> |
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On 29 July 2015, the merger between the two companies was signed in [[Paris]],<ref name=et1>[http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/defence/german-french-tank-makers-kmw-and-nexter-seal-armoured-vehicles-tie-up/articleshow/48252184.cms German, French tank makers KMW and Nexter seal armoured vehicles tie-up] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150803014029/http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/defence/german-french-tank-makers-kmw-and-nexter-seal-armoured-vehicles-tie-up/articleshow/48252184.cms |date=2015-08-03 }}. economictimes.indiatimes.com, retrieved 27 July 2015</ref> in the presence of [[Ursula von der Leyen]] and [[Jean-Yves le Drian]].<ref name=lat1/> It was remarked in 2015 that the corporate culture of Nexter led to outsourcing components, while that of KMW preferred to manufacture in-house.<ref name=lat1/> KMW made the [[Panzerhaubitze 2000|PzH 2000]], while Nexter made the [[CAESAR self-propelled howitzer|CAESAR]].<ref name=lat1/> The two merger firms complemented each other, instead of competing with each other.<ref name=lat1/> KMW brought along to the merger its subsidiary WFEL, a British company.<ref name="sa1">{{cite news |url=https://www.steenassociates.com/transactions/krauss-maffei-wegmann-on-its-acquisition-of-wfel.php |title=Krauss-Maffei Wegmann on its acquisition of WFEL | Steen Associates }}</ref> |
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| ⚫ | In July 2016 the French press seemed content with the merger of the manufacturers of [[Leopard 2]] and [[Leclerc |
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In December 2015, the merger was completed, when the supervisory board appointed the new CEO of Nexter Systems, Stéphane Mayer, and the chairman of the executive board of KMW, Frank Haun, as CEOs of the holding company.<ref>[http://www.nexter-group.fr/en/press-releases/718-nexter-systems-et-krauss-maffei-wegmann-ont-finalise-leur-alliance Nexter Systems and Krauss-Maffei Wegmann have completed their association] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171201043131/http://www.nexter-group.fr/en/press-releases/718-nexter-systems-et-krauss-maffei-wegmann-ont-finalise-leur-alliance |date=2017-12-01 |access-date=2017-12-01}}. nexter-group.fr. Retrieved 10 June 2016</ref> |
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| ⚫ | |||
| ⚫ | In July 2016, the French press seemed content with the merger of the manufacturers of the [[Leopard 2]] and [[Leclerc tank|Leclerc]] tanks, although it was disappointed that the combined company was still 25% of the size of [[General Dynamics]] or [[BAE Systems]].<ref name="lem1">{{cite news |url=https://www.lemonde.fr/economie/article/2016/06/13/mariage-de-raison-entre-les-chars-leclerc-et-leopard_4949331_3234.html |title=Mariage de raison entre les chars Leclerc et Léopard |newspaper=Le Monde.fr |date=13 June 2016 }}</ref> |
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Prior to November 2018, the lead of the new [[Main Ground Combat System]] MBT was awarded to the German half of the firm, by decision of politicians in both France and Germany.<ref name=lef1/> |
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In November 2018, [[Rheinmetall]] was thinking of taking over the 50% share of the German holding company, after the death of Manfred Bode.<ref name="lef1">{{cite news |url=https://www.lefigaro.fr/societes/2018/11/30/20005-20181130ARTFIG00298-l-equilibre-franco-allemand-dans-les-blindes-pourrait-etre-remis-en-cause.php |title=L'Équilibre franco-allemand dans les blindés pourrait être remis en cause |date=30 November 2018 }}</ref> In December 2018, it became apparent that Rheinmetall was seeking 75% of the whole KNDS company.<ref name="o360">{{cite news |url=https://www.opex360.com/2018/12/10/lallemand-rheinmetall-viserait-75-des-parts-de-knds-lalliance-formee-par-nexter-et-krauss-maffei-wegmann/ |title=L'Allemand Rheinmetall viserait 75% des parts de KNDS, l'alliance formée par Nexter et Krauss-Maffei Wegmann |date=10 December 2018 }}</ref> |
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| ⚫ | In 2020, the number of employees at KNDS and its subsidiaries was 8,270, with a turnover of €2.4 billion, an order backlog of around €10.6 billion and an order intake of €3.3 billion. Its products include main battle tanks, armored vehicles, artillery systems, weapons systems, ammunition, military bridges, customer services, battle management systems, training, protection and a wide range of equipment.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.knds.com/ |title=Home | KNDS |access-date=2022-08-02 |archive-date=2022-07-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220712091646/https://www.knds.com/ |url-status=live }}</ref> |
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In 2023, KNDS decided to replace the WFEL moniker of its British subsidiary, with KNDS UK.<ref name="ms1">{{cite news |url=https://marketingstockport.co.uk/news/stockport-manufacturer-secures-150-million-british-army-contract/ |title=Stockport manufacturer secures £150 million British Army contract |date=25 January 2024 }}</ref> |
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==Products== |
==Products== |
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In June 2018 the German and French ministries of defence signed a letter of intent for KNDS to develop the [[Main Ground Combat System]] (MGCS), a common main battle tank, and the Common Indirect Fire System, a common |
In June 2018, the German and French ministries of defence signed a letter of intent for KNDS to develop the [[Main Ground Combat System]] (MGCS), a common main battle tank, and the Common Indirect Fire System, a common 155 mm self-propelled artillery gun.<ref name= "defpost">{{Citation | work = Def post | url = https://defpost.com/kmw-nexter-join-forces-main-ground-combat-system-common-indirect-fire-system/ | title = KMW, Nexter join forces on main ground combat system, common indirect fire system | access-date = 2018-10-12 | archive-date = 2018-10-12 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20181012094420/https://defpost.com/kmw-nexter-join-forces-main-ground-combat-system-common-indirect-fire-system/ | url-status = live }}.</ref> |
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KNDS tanks were able, as of 2024, to operate jointly with other ground, aerial and robotic vehicles through the use of multi-layer data networks. The main interface backbone is fully digital, via dual data bus and dual Ethernet, with a modular design, fully scalable and with an open upgradable architecture. All its functions are implemented in software. Thanks to the latest generation computing systems (hardware) high-performance calculations are implemented in real time, while there is availability of services in the whole range of high-speed data networks.<ref name="dpgr1">{{cite news |url=https://www.defence-point.gr/news/arma-leopard-1hel-mia-protasi-anavathmisis-apo-tin-elliniki-etairia-eodh# |title=LEOPARD 1HEL: Πρόταση για την αναβάθμιση του άρματος από την ελληνική EODH |language=el |trans-title=LEOPARD 1HEL: Proposal to upgrade the tank from the Greek EODH |date=2024-04-22}}</ref> |
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===Leopard 2 upgrade=== |
===Leopard 2 upgrade=== |
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One of KNDS's first projects was [[Leopard 2#Further improvements|upgrading the Leopard 2]], with a focus on increasing effectiveness against contemporary threats like [[anti-tank guided missile]]s and the Russian [[T-14 Armata]] tank.<ref name=dw16>[http://www.dw.com/en/german-french-tank-makers-could-merge-next-week/a-18575135 German, French tank makers could merge next week] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304050728/http://www.dw.com/en/german-french-tank-makers-could-merge-next-week/a-18575135 |date=2016-03-04 }}. DW, 10 July 2015</ref> |
One of KNDS's first projects was [[Leopard 2#Further improvements|upgrading the Leopard 2]], with a focus on increasing effectiveness against contemporary threats like [[anti-tank guided missile]]s and the Russian [[T-14 Armata]] tank.<ref name=dw16>[http://www.dw.com/en/german-french-tank-makers-could-merge-next-week/a-18575135 German, French tank makers could merge next week] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304050728/http://www.dw.com/en/german-french-tank-makers-could-merge-next-week/a-18575135 |date=2016-03-04 }}. DW, 10 July 2015</ref> |
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===Main |
===Main Ground Combat System=== |
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{{main|Main Ground Combat System}} |
{{main|Main Ground Combat System}} |
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===Common Indirect Fire System=== |
===Common Indirect Fire System=== |
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The Common Indirect Fire System (CIFS) is a French-German program to develop a [[155mm]] [[self-propelled artillery]] gun. Introduction of the CIFS is scheduled for 2040.{{Cn |date=July 2022}} |
The Common Indirect Fire System (CIFS) is a French-German program to develop a [[155mm]] [[self-propelled artillery]] gun. Introduction of the CIFS is scheduled for 2040.{{Cn |date=July 2022}} |
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===Boxer AFV=== |
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Manufacture of the British [[Boxer AFV]] with an 8x8 chassis was sublicensed from WFEL, now KNDS UK, to MTL Advanced.<ref name="pesm1">{{cite news |url=https://www.pesmedia.com/uk-defence-manufacturer-secures-40m-military-vehicle-contract |title=UK defence manufacturer secures £40m military vehicle contract - PES Media |date=14 September 2023 }}</ref> |
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===Military bridges=== |
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KNDS UK is able to build portable Dry Support Bridges, that can support the weight of a [[Challenger 3]] MBT.<ref name="dieu1">{{cite news |url=https://defence-industry.eu/knds-uk-secures-gbp-150m-contract-for-advanced-military-bridges/ |title=KNDS UK secures GBP 150 million contract for advanced military bridges |date=31 January 2024 }}</ref><ref name=ms1/> |
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== Notes == |
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{{reflist|group=lower-alpha}} |
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== References == |
== References == |
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[[Category:Military industry]] |
[[Category:Military industry]] |
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[[Category: |
[[Category:KNDS France]] |
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[[Category:Defence companies of the Netherlands]] |
[[Category:Defence companies of the Netherlands]] |
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Latest revision as of 16:50, 21 August 2024
.png){kind=logo} | |
_Headquarters_with_French_Defense_Minister_S%C3%A9bastien_Lecornu_in_Paris,_France_on_2_April_2024_(cropped).jpg) | |
| Company type | Naamloze vennootschap |
|---|---|
| Industry | Defence |
| Founded | December 15, 2015 |
| Headquarters | , Netherlands |
Key people | Frank Haun, CEO |
| Revenue | €3.3 billion (2023) |
| Owners |
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Number of employees | 9,500 (2023) |
| Subsidiaries | Krauss-Maffei Wegmann Nexter Systems KNDS UK |
| Website | www |
KNDS, formerly KMW+Nexter Defense Systems,[a] is a European defence industry holding company, which is the result of a merger between Krauss-Maffei Wegmann and Nexter Systems. The joint holding company is headquartered in Amsterdam, Netherlands.[2]
History
[edit]KNDS is the joint holding company formed by German family-controlled defence company Krauss-Maffei Wegmann (KMW), and the French government-owned weapons manufacturer Nexter, two of the leading European manufacturers of military land systems.[3]
Negotiations between the companies and the German and French governments started in Summer 2014.[4] Support for a merger was building in both Germany and France. Presenting the project to French lawmakers in January 2015,[5] CEOs of both companies assumed that the new holding would boost production for both manufacturers by avoiding export restrictions, especially in Germany.[6] In July 2015 the French National Assembly voted in favour of a measure that permits the privatisation of state-owned defence companies, paving the way for KMW and Nexter to join forces.[7][8]
On 29 July 2015, the merger between the two companies was signed in Paris,[9] in the presence of Ursula von der Leyen and Jean-Yves le Drian.[7] It was remarked in 2015 that the corporate culture of Nexter led to outsourcing components, while that of KMW preferred to manufacture in-house.[7] KMW made the PzH 2000, while Nexter made the CAESAR.[7] The two merger firms complemented each other, instead of competing with each other.[7] KMW brought along to the merger its subsidiary WFEL, a British company.[10]
In December 2015, the merger was completed, when the supervisory board appointed the new CEO of Nexter Systems, Stéphane Mayer, and the chairman of the executive board of KMW, Frank Haun, as CEOs of the holding company.[11]
In July 2016, the French press seemed content with the merger of the manufacturers of the Leopard 2 and Leclerc tanks, although it was disappointed that the combined company was still 25% of the size of General Dynamics or BAE Systems.[12]
Prior to November 2018, the lead of the new Main Ground Combat System MBT was awarded to the German half of the firm, by decision of politicians in both France and Germany.[13]
In November 2018, Rheinmetall was thinking of taking over the 50% share of the German holding company, after the death of Manfred Bode.[13] In December 2018, it became apparent that Rheinmetall was seeking 75% of the whole KNDS company.[14]
In 2020, the number of employees at KNDS and its subsidiaries was 8,270, with a turnover of €2.4 billion, an order backlog of around €10.6 billion and an order intake of €3.3 billion. Its products include main battle tanks, armored vehicles, artillery systems, weapons systems, ammunition, military bridges, customer services, battle management systems, training, protection and a wide range of equipment.[15]
In 2023, KNDS decided to replace the WFEL moniker of its British subsidiary, with KNDS UK.[16]
Products
[edit]In June 2018, the German and French ministries of defence signed a letter of intent for KNDS to develop the Main Ground Combat System (MGCS), a common main battle tank, and the Common Indirect Fire System, a common 155 mm self-propelled artillery gun.[17]
KNDS tanks were able, as of 2024, to operate jointly with other ground, aerial and robotic vehicles through the use of multi-layer data networks. The main interface backbone is fully digital, via dual data bus and dual Ethernet, with a modular design, fully scalable and with an open upgradable architecture. All its functions are implemented in software. Thanks to the latest generation computing systems (hardware) high-performance calculations are implemented in real time, while there is availability of services in the whole range of high-speed data networks.[18]
Leopard 2 upgrade
[edit]One of KNDS's first projects was upgrading the Leopard 2, with a focus on increasing effectiveness against contemporary threats like anti-tank guided missiles and the Russian T-14 Armata tank.[19]
Main Ground Combat System
[edit]Common Indirect Fire System
[edit]The Common Indirect Fire System (CIFS) is a French-German program to develop a 155mm self-propelled artillery gun. Introduction of the CIFS is scheduled for 2040.[citation needed]
Boxer AFV
[edit]Manufacture of the British Boxer AFV with an 8x8 chassis was sublicensed from WFEL, now KNDS UK, to MTL Advanced.[20]
Military bridges
[edit]KNDS UK is able to build portable Dry Support Bridges, that can support the weight of a Challenger 3 MBT.[21][16]
Notes
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ "KVK Handelsregister historie" [Trade register history]. KVK Trade Register (in Dutch). Netherlands Chamber of Commerce. 9 July 2024. Retrieved 9 July 2024.
- ^ KMW, Nexter Merger Completed Archived 2016-04-11 at the Wayback Machine. defense-update.com. Retrieved 10 June 2016
- ^ Report: KMW, Nexter to sign merger agreement Archived 2015-06-12 at the Wayback Machine. upi.com. Retrieved 13 June 2015
- ^ "Nexter, KMW start talks on possible defence tie-up - source". July 2014.
- ^ "Assemblée nationale ~ Compte rendu de réunion de la commission de la défense nationale et des forces armées".
- ^ Commission de la défense nationale et des forces armées Archived 2015-05-24 at the Wayback Machine. assemblee-nationale.fr. Retrieved 13 June 2015 (French)
- ^ a b c d e "Comment le mariage entre Nexter et Krauss-Maffei a été blindé". 29 July 2015.
- ^ German, French tank makers could merge next week Archived 2016-03-04 at the Wayback Machine. dw.com, 10 July 2015
- ^ German, French tank makers KMW and Nexter seal armoured vehicles tie-up Archived 2015-08-03 at the Wayback Machine. economictimes.indiatimes.com, retrieved 27 July 2015
- ^ "Krauss-Maffei Wegmann on its acquisition of WFEL | Steen Associates".
- ^ Nexter Systems and Krauss-Maffei Wegmann have completed their association Archived 2017-12-01 at the Wayback Machine. nexter-group.fr. Retrieved 10 June 2016
- ^ "Mariage de raison entre les chars Leclerc et Léopard". Le Monde.fr. 13 June 2016.
- ^ a b "L'Équilibre franco-allemand dans les blindés pourrait être remis en cause". 30 November 2018.
- ^ "L'Allemand Rheinmetall viserait 75% des parts de KNDS, l'alliance formée par Nexter et Krauss-Maffei Wegmann". 10 December 2018.
- ^ "Home | KNDS". Archived from the original on 2022-07-12. Retrieved 2022-08-02.
- ^ a b "Stockport manufacturer secures £150 million British Army contract". 25 January 2024.
- ^ "KMW, Nexter join forces on main ground combat system, common indirect fire system", Def post, archived from the original on 2018-10-12, retrieved 2018-10-12.
- ^ "LEOPARD 1HEL: Πρόταση για την αναβάθμιση του άρματος από την ελληνική EODH" [LEOPARD 1HEL: Proposal to upgrade the tank from the Greek EODH] (in Greek). 2024-04-22.
- ^ German, French tank makers could merge next week Archived 2016-03-04 at the Wayback Machine. DW, 10 July 2015
- ^ "UK defence manufacturer secures £40m military vehicle contract - PES Media". 14 September 2023.
- ^ "KNDS UK secures GBP 150 million contract for advanced military bridges". 31 January 2024.