Oyina: Difference between revisions
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[[File:Oyina Cover.jpg|thumb|First issue of ''Oyina'']] |
[[File:Oyina Cover.jpg|thumb|First issue of ''Oyina'', 1913]] |
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*Out of 9 prerev Turkestan newspaper, "most successful of |
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'''''Oyina''''' ({{langx|fa|آینه}}, 'The Mirror') was a bilingual [[Uzbek language|Turki]]-[[Persian language|Persian]] newspaper published from [[Samarkand]], [[Russian Turkestan]] 1913-1915.<ref name=tand>Loy, T., & Levin, Z. (2022). ''[https://doi.org/10.1080/02634937.2021.2000367 From “Mercy” to “Banner of Labour”: the Bukharan Jewish press in late Tsarist and early Soviet Central Asia]''. ''Central Asian Survey'', 41(1), pp. 22–40.</ref> The newspaper was published by [[Mahmudkhodja Behbudiy]].<ref name=idomah>Shinji Ido, Behrooz Mahmoodi-Bakhtiari. ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=m7GiEAAAQBAJ Tajik Linguistics]''. Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG, 2023. pp. 14-15</ref> It functioned as an organ of the ''[[Jadid]]'' social reform movement. |
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them was the bilingual (Persian/Turki) weekly journal Oyina (The Mirror), which was |
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launched in Samarkand in August 1913 and discontinued in June 1915 after only 68 |
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issues"<ref name=tand>Loy, T., & Levin, Z. (2022). ''[https://doi-org.wikipedialibrary.idm.oclc.org/10.1080/02634937.2021.2000367 From “Mercy” to “Banner of Labour”: the Bukharan Jewish press in late Tsarist and early Soviet Central Asia]''. ''Central Asian Survey'', 41(1), pp. 22–40.</ref> |
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==History== |
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*published by [[Mahmudkhodja Behbudiy]] |
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Mahmudkhodja Behbudiy was a wealthy philanthropist and social reformer in Samarkand.<ref name=khalid1>Adeeb Khalid. ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=r9T-CgAAQBAJ Making Uzbekistan: Nation, Empire, and Revolution in the Early USSR]''. Cornell University Press, 2015. p. 49</ref> Out of nine pre-revolutionary newspapers in [[Turkestan]] were all short-lived and struggled with finances, ''Oyina'' was arguably the most successful.<ref name=tand/> The newspaper was launched in August 1913.<ref name=tand/> The newspaper played a significant role in spreading Enlightenment ideas.<ref name=idomah/> It was the most important periodical of the ''Jadid'' movement in Turkestan.<ref name=khalid1/> In the pages of ''Oyina'' "the development of national education, language, and literature, in order to overcome the feudal-patriarchal backwardness of their peoples and to facilitate their liberation from colonial oppression".<ref>''[https://books.google.com/books?id=wdneenPO-uEC Central Asia on Display: Proceedings of the VII. Conference of the European Society for Central Asian Studies]''. LIT Verlag Münster, 2004. p. 148</ref> In articles in ''Oyina'' Mahmudkhodja Behbudiy would attack religious impurity, sinning, pederasty and alcohol consumption, and would call for the development of a new generation of educated Islamic clergy.<ref>Edward A. Allworth. ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=beCoAAAAQBAJ The Modern Uzbeks: From the Fourteenth Century to the Present: A Cultural History]''. Hoover Press, 2013. p. 143</ref> |
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*Aug 1913 to Oct 1915. Major role in spreading Enlightement ideas. Some ads in Russia. Bilingual Turki Persian. News, editorials, science in Turki, whereas essays and texts on philosophical issues in (third) in Persian |
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*{{ill|Hoji Muin|uz}} temporary editor in 1914 or 1915. Many texts by Hoji Muin appeared in ''Oyina'' |
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<ref>Shinji Ido, Behrooz Mahmoodi-Bakhtiari. ''[https://www.google.at/books/edition/Tajik_Linguistics/m7GiEAAAQBAJ Tajik Linguistics]''. Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG, 2023. pp. 14-15</ref> |
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Whilst the newspaper was bilingual, different languages were assigned different roles. About two-thirds of the articles (such as news reporting, articles on science and editorials) were written in Turki.<ref name=idomah/> The remaining third of the article (essays and texts on philosophical issues) were written in Persian.<ref name=idomah/> Moreover, some advertisements in the newspaper were in [[Russian language]].<ref name=idomah/> |
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*Most important Jadid periodical in Turkestan. Wealthy philantropist<ref>Adeeb Khalid. ''[https://www.google.at/books/edition/Making_Uzbekistan/r9T-CgAAQBAJ Making Uzbekistan: Nation, Empire, and Revolution in the Early USSR]''. Cornell University Press, 2015. p. 49</ref> |
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{{ill|Hoji Muin|uz}} served as temporary editor of ''Oyina'' around 1914-1915.<ref name=idomah/><ref>Paul Bergne. ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=--aKDwAAQBAJ The Birth of Tajikistan: National Identity and the Origins of the Republic]''. Bloomsbury Publishing, 2007. p. 141</ref> Many texts by Hoji Muin appeared in the pages of ''Oyina''.<ref name=idomah/> |
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''Oyina'' was published more or less weekly for a period of twenty months.<ref name=khalid2>Adeeb Khalid. ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=HjNfWREAdMoC The Politics of Muslim Cultural Reform: Jadidism in Central Asia]''. University of California Press, 1999. p. 123</ref> ''Oyina'' closed down in June 1915 after 68 issues.<!-- Or October per Ido, Mahmoodi? --><ref name=tand/> The publication struggled with its finances.<ref name=khalid2/> The economic difficulties of publishing in the midst of [[World War I]] further exacerbated this situation.<ref name=khalid2/> By the end of its first year of publishing<!-- calendar year?? --> ''Oyina'' had merely 234 paid subscribers.<ref name=khalid2/> |
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*"Oyina [ The Mirror ] ) , the Jadids also called for the development of national education , language , and literature , in order to overcome the feudal - patriarchal backwardness of their peoples and to facilitate their liberation " from col oppr<ref>''[https://www.google.at/books/edition/Central_Asia_on_Display/wdneenPO-uEC Central Asia on Display: Proceedings of the VII. Conference of the European Society for Central Asian Studies]''. LIT Verlag Münster, 2004. p. 148</ref> |
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==References== |
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{{reflist}} |
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[[Category:Publications established in 1913]] |
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[[Category:Publications disestablished in 1915]] |
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[[Category:Uzbek-language newspapers]] |
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[[Category:Defunct Persian-language newspapers]] |
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[[Category:Bilingual newspapers]] |
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[[Category:1913 establishments in the Russian Empire]] |
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[[Category:1915 disestablishments in the Russian Empire]] |
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[[Category:Newspapers published in the Russian Empire]] |
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[[Category:History of Samarkand]] |
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[[uz:Oyna (jurnal)]] |
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Latest revision as of 17:43, 9 November 2024
Oyina (Persian: آینه, 'The Mirror') was a bilingual Turki-Persian newspaper published from Samarkand, Russian Turkestan 1913-1915.[1] The newspaper was published by Mahmudkhodja Behbudiy.[2] It functioned as an organ of the Jadid social reform movement.
History
[edit]Mahmudkhodja Behbudiy was a wealthy philanthropist and social reformer in Samarkand.[3] Out of nine pre-revolutionary newspapers in Turkestan were all short-lived and struggled with finances, Oyina was arguably the most successful.[1] The newspaper was launched in August 1913.[1] The newspaper played a significant role in spreading Enlightenment ideas.[2] It was the most important periodical of the Jadid movement in Turkestan.[3] In the pages of Oyina "the development of national education, language, and literature, in order to overcome the feudal-patriarchal backwardness of their peoples and to facilitate their liberation from colonial oppression".[4] In articles in Oyina Mahmudkhodja Behbudiy would attack religious impurity, sinning, pederasty and alcohol consumption, and would call for the development of a new generation of educated Islamic clergy.[5]
Whilst the newspaper was bilingual, different languages were assigned different roles. About two-thirds of the articles (such as news reporting, articles on science and editorials) were written in Turki.[2] The remaining third of the article (essays and texts on philosophical issues) were written in Persian.[2] Moreover, some advertisements in the newspaper were in Russian language.[2]
Hoji Muin served as temporary editor of Oyina around 1914-1915.[2][6] Many texts by Hoji Muin appeared in the pages of Oyina.[2]
Oyina was published more or less weekly for a period of twenty months.[7] Oyina closed down in June 1915 after 68 issues.[1] The publication struggled with its finances.[7] The economic difficulties of publishing in the midst of World War I further exacerbated this situation.[7] By the end of its first year of publishing Oyina had merely 234 paid subscribers.[7]
References
[edit]- ^ a b c d Loy, T., & Levin, Z. (2022). From “Mercy” to “Banner of Labour”: the Bukharan Jewish press in late Tsarist and early Soviet Central Asia. Central Asian Survey, 41(1), pp. 22–40.
- ^ a b c d e f g Shinji Ido, Behrooz Mahmoodi-Bakhtiari. Tajik Linguistics. Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG, 2023. pp. 14-15
- ^ a b Adeeb Khalid. Making Uzbekistan: Nation, Empire, and Revolution in the Early USSR. Cornell University Press, 2015. p. 49
- ^ Central Asia on Display: Proceedings of the VII. Conference of the European Society for Central Asian Studies. LIT Verlag Münster, 2004. p. 148
- ^ Edward A. Allworth. The Modern Uzbeks: From the Fourteenth Century to the Present: A Cultural History. Hoover Press, 2013. p. 143
- ^ Paul Bergne. The Birth of Tajikistan: National Identity and the Origins of the Republic. Bloomsbury Publishing, 2007. p. 141
- ^ a b c d Adeeb Khalid. The Politics of Muslim Cultural Reform: Jadidism in Central Asia. University of California Press, 1999. p. 123