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→Personal life: <ref>https://www.businessinsider.in/politics/how-roger-ailes-went-from-a-small-town-tv-producer-to-one-of-the-most-controversial-media-powerhouses-in-america/slidelist/58743237.cms#slideid=58743223</ref>
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|children = 1
|children = 1
|alma mater = [[Ohio University]] <small>([[Bachelor of Arts|BA]])</small>
|education = [[Ohio University]] <small>([[Bachelor of Arts|BA]])</small>
|occupation = President of [[Fox News]]<br />Chair of [[Fox Television Stations|Fox Television<br />Stations]]<br>[[20th Television]]
|occupation = President of [[Fox News]]<br />Chair of [[Fox Television Stations|Fox Television<br />Stations]]<br />[[20th Television]]
}}
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Ailes had [[hemophilia]], a medical condition in which the body is impaired in its ability to produce blood clots. He died on May 18, 2017, at the age of 77 after a [[subdural hematoma]] that was aggravated by his hemophilia.
Ailes had [[hemophilia]], a medical condition in which the body is impaired in its ability to produce blood clots. He died on May 18, 2017, at the age of 77 after a [[subdural hematoma]] that was aggravated by his hemophilia.

Ailes is known for his influence on [[conservative media]], the [[Conservatism in the United States|conservative movement]], and American Presidents. However he is also considered controversial due to the numerous allegations of sexual harassment against Ailes throughout his career and for allegedly creating a misogynistic environment at Fox News.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Darcy |first=Oliver |date=2017-05-19 |title=Roger Ailes and the creation of the conservative media celebrity |url=https://money.cnn.com/2017/05/19/media/roger-ailes-conservative-celebrity-oreilly-hannity-beck-drudge-limbaugh/index.html |access-date=2024-06-01 |website=CNNMoney}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Zelizer |first=Julian |date=2017-05-18 |title=How Roger Ailes changed the media – and America |url=https://www.cnn.com/2017/05/18/opinions/roger-ailes-influence-zelizer/index.html |access-date=2024-06-01 |website=CNN |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2017-05-18 |title=Conservative media remember Roger Ailes as 'brilliant' but flawed TV executive |url=https://www.latimes.com/business/hollywood/la-fi-ct-roger-ailes-conservative-media-20170518-story.html |access-date=2024-06-01 |website=Los Angeles Times |language=en-US}}</ref>


== Early life ==
== Early life ==
Ailes was born and grew up in the factory town of [[Warren, Ohio]], the son of Donna Marie (''née'' Cunningham) and Robert Eugene Ailes, a factory maintenance foreman.<ref name=yhpy>{{cite book |title=Current Biography |publisher=H.W. Wilson|year=1989|page=14}}</ref> Ailes had [[hemophilia]] and was often hospitalized as a youth. He attended the Warren city schools, and later was inducted into Warren G. Harding High School's Distinguished Alumni Hall of Fame. Actor and playwright [[Austin Pendleton]] was a childhood friend of Ailes.<ref>https://www.vox.com/culture/2018/12/7/18129324/roger-ailes-divide-conquer-fox-news-alexis-bloom-interview</ref><ref name="warren">{{cite web |url=http://www.warrenschools.k12.oh.us/alumni_hall_of_fame.html |title=Warren High Schools' Distinguished Alumni Hall of Fame |website=Warren City Schools |access-date=November 15, 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070923133541/http://www.warrenschools.k12.oh.us/alumni_hall_of_fame.html |archive-date=September 23, 2007 |url-status=dead}}</ref>
Ailes was born and grew up in the factory town of [[Warren, Ohio]], the son of Donna Marie (''née'' Cunningham) and Robert Eugene Ailes, a factory maintenance foreman.<ref name=yhpy>{{cite book |title=Current Biography |publisher=H.W. Wilson|year=1989|page=14}}</ref> Ailes had [[hemophilia]] and was often hospitalized as a youth. He attended the Warren city schools, and later was inducted into Warren G. Harding High School's Distinguished Alumni Hall of Fame. Actor and playwright [[Austin Pendleton]] was a childhood friend of Ailes.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Wilkinson |first=Alissa |date=2018-12-07 |title=Roger Ailes was "not rational": Alexis Bloom on her new film about the Fox News founder |url=https://www.vox.com/culture/2018/12/7/18129324/roger-ailes-divide-conquer-fox-news-alexis-bloom-interview |access-date=2024-08-16 |website=Vox |language=en-US}}</ref><ref name="warren">{{cite web |url=http://www.warrenschools.k12.oh.us/alumni_hall_of_fame.html |title=Warren High Schools' Distinguished Alumni Hall of Fame |website=Warren City Schools |access-date=November 15, 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070923133541/http://www.warrenschools.k12.oh.us/alumni_hall_of_fame.html |archive-date=September 23, 2007 |url-status=dead}}</ref>


Ailes's father was an authoritarian parent who was often physically and verbally abusive, while Ailes later recalled that his mother feared his hemophilia and was only physically affectionate "once in a while".<ref name=shermanbook>{{cite book|last=Sherman|first=Gabriel|date=2014 |title=The Loudest Voice In The Room: How The Brilliant, Bombastic Roger Ailes Built Fox News&nbsp;— And Divided A Country. |url=https://archive.org/details/loudestvoiceinro0000sher |publisher=[[Random House]]|location=New York City|isbn=978-0-8129-9285-4 |author-link=Gabriel Sherman|pages=7–8 |access-date=March 23, 2014 |url-access=registration}}</ref>{{rp|560}} His parents divorced in 1960; when he came home from college for Christmas break, they informed him that he would have to stay at a friend's house.<ref>Sherman, p.15</ref> In 1962, Ailes graduated from [[Ohio University]] in [[Athens, Ohio]], where he majored in radio and television and served as the student station manager for [[WOUB (AM)|WOUB]] for two years.<ref>{{cite news |title=Ohio University to Rename Newsroom for FOX News' Roger Ailes|date=April 22, 2008|agency=[[Associated Press]] |url=http://www.foxnews.com/story/2008/04/22/ohio-university-to-rename-newsroom-for-fox-news-roger-ailes.html}}</ref><ref name="ailesba">{{cite web |url=http://www.museum.tv/archives/etv/A/htmlA/ailesroger/ailesroger.htm |title=Roger Ailes's BA |website=Museum of Broadcast Communications |access-date=October 23, 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060125041529/http://www.museum.tv/archives/etv/A/htmlA/ailesroger/ailesroger.htm |archive-date=January 25, 2006 |url-status=dead}}</ref>
Ailes's father was an authoritarian parent who was often physically and verbally abusive, while Ailes later recalled that his mother feared his hemophilia and was only physically affectionate "once in a while".<ref name=shermanbook>{{cite book|last=Sherman|first=Gabriel|date=2014 |title=The Loudest Voice In The Room: How The Brilliant, Bombastic Roger Ailes Built Fox News&nbsp;— And Divided A Country. |url=https://archive.org/details/loudestvoiceinro0000sher |publisher=[[Random House]]|location=New York City|isbn=978-0-8129-9285-4 |author-link=Gabriel Sherman|pages=7–8 |access-date=March 23, 2014 |url-access=registration}}</ref>{{rp|560}} His parents divorced in 1960; when he came home from college for Christmas break, they informed him that he would have to stay at a friend's house.<ref>Sherman, p.15</ref> In 1962, Ailes graduated from [[Ohio University]] in [[Athens, Ohio]], where he majored in radio and television and served as the student station manager for [[WOUB (AM)|WOUB]] for two years.<ref>{{cite news |title=Ohio University to Rename Newsroom for FOX News' Roger Ailes|date=April 22, 2008|agency=[[Associated Press]] |url=https://www.foxnews.com/story/ohio-university-to-rename-newsroom-for-fox-news-roger-ailes}}</ref><ref name="ailesba">{{cite web |url=http://www.museum.tv/archives/etv/A/htmlA/ailesroger/ailesroger.htm |title=Roger Ailes's BA |website=Museum of Broadcast Communications |access-date=October 23, 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060125041529/http://www.museum.tv/archives/etv/A/htmlA/ailesroger/ailesroger.htm |archive-date=January 25, 2006 |url-status=dead}}</ref>


== Career ==
== Career ==
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In January 2011, 400 rabbis, including leaders from various branches of Judaism in the United States, published an open letter in ''[[The Wall Street Journal]]'' on the UN-designated [[International Holocaust Remembrance Day|Holocaust Remembrance Day]]. They called on Rupert Murdoch to sanction Fox News commentator [[Glenn Beck]] for his use of [[the Holocaust]] to "discredit any individual or organization you disagree with."<ref name=Guardian /> An executive at Fox News rejected the letter, calling it the work of a "[[George Soros]]-backed [[left wing]] political organization."<ref name=Guardian>{{cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/media/2011/jan/27/rabbis-murdoch-fox-glenn-beck-holocaust|work=[[The Guardian]]|first=Ed|last=Pilkington |title=Rabbis warn Rupert Murdoch: Fox News and Glenn Beck 'using' Holocaust|date=January 27, 2011}}</ref> Ailes is also said to have once referred to Jewish critics of his as "left-wing rabbis."<ref>{{cite web|last=Pinkas|first=Alon |url=http://www.jpost.com/International/Article.aspx?id=205466&R=R4 |title=US rabbis pen letter criticizing Beck's Holocaust usage |website=[[The Jerusalem Post]]|date=January 27, 2011 |access-date=April 7, 2011}}</ref>
In January 2011, 400 rabbis, including leaders from various branches of Judaism in the United States, published an open letter in ''[[The Wall Street Journal]]'' on the UN-designated [[International Holocaust Remembrance Day|Holocaust Remembrance Day]]. They called on Rupert Murdoch to sanction Fox News commentator [[Glenn Beck]] for his use of [[the Holocaust]] to "discredit any individual or organization you disagree with."<ref name=Guardian /> An executive at Fox News rejected the letter, calling it the work of a "[[George Soros]]-backed [[left wing]] political organization."<ref name=Guardian>{{cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/media/2011/jan/27/rabbis-murdoch-fox-glenn-beck-holocaust|work=[[The Guardian]]|first=Ed|last=Pilkington |title=Rabbis warn Rupert Murdoch: Fox News and Glenn Beck 'using' Holocaust|date=January 27, 2011}}</ref> Ailes is also said to have once referred to Jewish critics of his as "left-wing rabbis."<ref>{{cite web|last=Pinkas|first=Alon |url=http://www.jpost.com/International/Article.aspx?id=205466&R=R4 |title=US rabbis pen letter criticizing Beck's Holocaust usage |website=[[The Jerusalem Post]]|date=January 27, 2011 |access-date=April 7, 2011}}</ref>


Also in 2011, Ailes was criticized for referring to executives of the public radio network [[NPR]] as "[[Nazism|Nazis]]" for firing a news analyst, [[Juan Williams]], after Williams had made remarks considered by NPR to be offensive. Ailes apologized to a Jewish group, but not to NPR, for using the expression, writing to the [[Anti-Defamation League]] (ADL): "I was of course ad-libbing and should not have chosen that word, but I was angry at the time because of NPR's willingness to censor Juan Williams for not being liberal enough&nbsp;... My now considered opinion 'nasty, inflexible bigot' would have worked better."<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.thedailybeast.com/articles/2010/11/17/fox-news-chief-roger-ailes-blasts-national-public-radio-brass-as-nazis.html |title=Fox News Chief Blasts NPR 'Nazis'|first=Howard|last=Kurtz |website=[[Daily Beast]]|date=November 17, 2010}}</ref> The ADL welcomed and accepted the apology through its National Director, [[Abraham Foxman]];<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.adl.org/press-center/press-releases/holocaust-nazis/adl-accepts-apology-from-fox.html |title=ADL Accepts Apology From Fox News CEO Roger Ailes For Inappropriate 'Nazi' Remark |website=Anti-Defamation League |access-date=May 18, 2017}}</ref> in a subsequent letter to ''The Wall Street Journal'' Foxman said that both Ailes and Beck were "pro-Israel stalwarts."<ref>{{cite news |url=https://online.wsj.com/news/articles/SB10001424052748703956604576110392474830956|work=[[The Wall Street Journal]]|department=Letters to the Editor |title=The Good Rabbis Were Certainly Not Speaking for Us|date=February 1, 2011|first=Abraham H.|last=Foxman |authorlink=Abraham Foxman}}</ref>
Also in 2011, Ailes was criticized for referring to executives of the public radio network [[NPR]] as "[[Nazism|Nazis]]" for firing a news analyst, [[Juan Williams]], after Williams had made remarks considered by NPR to be offensive. Ailes apologized to a Jewish group, but not to NPR, for using the expression, writing to the [[Anti-Defamation League]] (ADL): "I was of course ad-libbing and should not have chosen that word, but I was angry at the time because of NPR's willingness to censor Juan Williams for not being liberal enough&nbsp;... My now considered opinion 'nasty, inflexible bigot' would have worked better."<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.thedailybeast.com/articles/2010/11/17/fox-news-chief-roger-ailes-blasts-national-public-radio-brass-as-nazis.html |title=Fox News Chief Blasts NPR 'Nazis'|first=Howard|last=Kurtz |website=[[Daily Beast]]|date=November 17, 2010}}</ref> The ADL welcomed and accepted the apology through its National Director, [[Abraham Foxman]];<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.adl.org/press-center/press-releases/holocaust-nazis/adl-accepts-apology-from-fox.html |title=ADL Accepts Apology From Fox News CEO Roger Ailes For Inappropriate 'Nazi' Remark |website=Anti-Defamation League |access-date=May 18, 2017}}</ref> in a subsequent letter to ''The Wall Street Journal'' Foxman said that both Ailes and Beck were "pro-Israel stalwarts."<ref>{{cite news |url=https://online.wsj.com/news/articles/SB10001424052748703956604576110392474830956|work=[[The Wall Street Journal]]|department=Letters to the Editor |title=The Good Rabbis Were Certainly Not Speaking for Us|date=February 1, 2011|first=Abraham H.|last=Foxman |authorlink=Abraham Foxman}}</ref>


In October 2012, Ailes's contract with Fox News was renewed for four years, through 2016. If completed, he would have served as head of Fox News Channel for 20 years. Salary terms were not made public, although his earnings for the 2012 fiscal year were $21 million (~${{Format price|{{Inflation|index=US-GDP|value=21000000|start_year=2012}}}} in {{Inflation/year|US-GDP}}) inclusive of bonuses.<ref name="auto">{{cite magazine|first=Jeff|last=Bercovici |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/jeffbercovici/2012/10/19/roger-ailes-signs-deal-to-stay-at-fox-news-through-2016 |title=Roger Ailes Signs Deal To Stay At Fox News Through 2016|magazine=[[Forbes]]|date=October 19, 2012 |access-date=September 12, 2014}}</ref> In addition to heading Fox News and chairing Fox Television Stations, Ailes also chaired [[20th Television]], [[MyNetworkTV]] and [[Fox Business Network]].<ref name="auto" />
In October 2012, Ailes's contract with Fox News was renewed for four years, through 2016. If completed, he would have served as head of Fox News Channel for 20 years. Salary terms were not made public, although his earnings for the 2012 fiscal year were $21 million (~${{Format price|{{Inflation|index=US-GDP|value=21000000|start_year=2012}}}} in {{Inflation/year|US-GDP}}) inclusive of bonuses.<ref name="auto">{{cite magazine|first=Jeff|last=Bercovici |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/jeffbercovici/2012/10/19/roger-ailes-signs-deal-to-stay-at-fox-news-through-2016 |title=Roger Ailes Signs Deal To Stay At Fox News Through 2016|magazine=[[Forbes]]|date=October 19, 2012 |access-date=September 12, 2014}}</ref> In addition to heading Fox News and chairing Fox Television Stations, Ailes also chaired [[20th Television]], [[MyNetworkTV]] and [[Fox Business Network]].<ref name="auto" />
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Ten days later, ''[[New York (magazine)|New York]]'' magazine reported that an internal review into Carlson's claims had expanded into a broader review of Ailes's stewardship. It also claimed Rupert Murdoch and his sons, [[Lachlan Murdoch|Lachlan]] and [[James Murdoch|James]], had seen enough information in the preliminary review to conclude that Ailes had to go. They disagreed on the timing, however; James wanted Ailes out immediately, while Rupert and Lachlan wanted to wait until after the [[2016 Republican National Convention|Republican National Convention]].<ref>{{cite magazine |url=http://nymag.com/daily/intelligencer/2016/07/murdochs-have-decided-to-remove-roger-ailes.html |title=Murdochs Have Decided to Remove Roger Ailes — the Only Question Now Is When|magazine=[[New York (magazine)|New York]]|first=Gabriel|last=Sherman |author-link=Gabriel Sherman|date=July 18, 2016 |access-date=August 2, 2016}}</ref> On July 19, ''New York'' reported that [[Megyn Kelly]] told investigators Ailes made "unwanted sexual advances toward her" at the start of her career. The magazine also reported that the Murdochs had given Ailes an ultimatum—resign by August 1 or be fired.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://nymag.com/daily/intelligencer/2016/07/sources-kelly-said-ailes-sexually-harassed-her.html |title=Sources: Megyn Kelly Told Murdoch Investigators That Roger Ailes Sexually Harassed Her |website=[[New York (magazine)|New York]]|first=Gabriel|last=Sherman |author-link=Gabriel Sherman|date=July 19, 2016 |access-date=July 19, 2016}}</ref>
Ten days later, ''[[New York (magazine)|New York]]'' magazine reported that an internal review into Carlson's claims had expanded into a broader review of Ailes's stewardship. It also claimed Rupert Murdoch and his sons, [[Lachlan Murdoch|Lachlan]] and [[James Murdoch|James]], had seen enough information in the preliminary review to conclude that Ailes had to go. They disagreed on the timing, however; James wanted Ailes out immediately, while Rupert and Lachlan wanted to wait until after the [[2016 Republican National Convention|Republican National Convention]].<ref>{{cite magazine |url=http://nymag.com/daily/intelligencer/2016/07/murdochs-have-decided-to-remove-roger-ailes.html |title=Murdochs Have Decided to Remove Roger Ailes — the Only Question Now Is When|magazine=[[New York (magazine)|New York]]|first=Gabriel|last=Sherman |author-link=Gabriel Sherman|date=July 18, 2016 |access-date=August 2, 2016}}</ref> On July 19, ''New York'' reported that [[Megyn Kelly]] told investigators Ailes made "unwanted sexual advances toward her" at the start of her career. The magazine also reported that the Murdochs had given Ailes an ultimatum—resign by August 1 or be fired.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://nymag.com/daily/intelligencer/2016/07/sources-kelly-said-ailes-sexually-harassed-her.html |title=Sources: Megyn Kelly Told Murdoch Investigators That Roger Ailes Sexually Harassed Her |website=[[New York (magazine)|New York]]|first=Gabriel|last=Sherman |author-link=Gabriel Sherman|date=July 19, 2016 |access-date=July 19, 2016}}</ref>


On July 21, 2016, Ailes resigned from Fox News, receiving $65 million (~${{Format price|{{Inflation|index=US-GDP|value=65000000|start_year=2016}}}} in {{Inflation/year|US-GDP}})<ref name=NYTimes.Settles /> from 21st Century Fox (the then-parent company of [[20th Century Fox]] and Fox News) in an exit agreement. Rupert Murdoch succeeded him as chairman, and as interim CEO until the naming of a permanent replacement.<ref>{{cite magazine |url=http://time.com/4413767/roger-ailes-fox-news-resigns-rupert-murdoch/?xid=homepage |title=Roger Ailes Resigns From Fox News Amid Sexual Harassment Accusations|date=July 21, 2016|magazine=[[Time (magazine)|Time]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|first=Molly|last=Redden |url=https://www.theguardian.com/media/2016/jul/21/roger-ailes-leaves-fox-news-sexual-harassment-claims |title=Roger Ailes leaves Fox News in wake of sexual harassment claims|work=The Guardian|date=July 21, 2016}}</ref> In a letter to Murdoch,<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.cnbc.com/2016/07/21/fox-news-confirms-that-roger-ailes-is-leaving-company.html |title=Roger Ailes resigns as CEO of Fox News |website=CNBC|first1=Anita|last1=Balakrishnan|first2=Michelle|last2=Castillo|date=July 21, 2016 |access-date=August 22, 2016}} Article with text of Ailes's resignation letter.</ref> Ailes wrote: "I will not allow my presence to become a distraction from the work that must be done every day to ensure that Fox News and Fox Business continue to lead our industry." Ailes was thanked for his work, without mention of the allegations. He continued to advise Murdoch and [[21st Century Fox]] through 2017 until his death.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2016-07-21/rupert-murdoch-to-succeed-ailes-as-head-of-fox-news-channel |title=Rupert Murdoch to Succeed Ailes as Head of Fox News Channel|agency=[[Bloomberg News|Bloomberg]]|first=Lucas|last=Shaw|website=[[Bloomberg News]] |date=July 21, 2016 |access-date=August 22, 2016}}</ref>
On July 21, 2016, Ailes resigned from Fox News, receiving $65 million (~${{Format price|{{Inflation|index=US-GDP|value=65000000|start_year=2016}}}} in {{Inflation/year|US-GDP}})<ref name=NYTimes.Settles /> from 21st Century Fox (the then-parent company of [[20th Century Fox]] and Fox News) in an exit agreement. Rupert Murdoch succeeded him as chairman, and as interim CEO until the naming of a permanent replacement.<ref>{{cite magazine |url=https://time.com/4413767/roger-ailes-fox-news-resigns-rupert-murdoch/?xid=homepage |title=Roger Ailes Resigns From Fox News Amid Sexual Harassment Accusations|date=July 21, 2016|magazine=[[Time (magazine)|Time]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|first=Molly|last=Redden |url=https://www.theguardian.com/media/2016/jul/21/roger-ailes-leaves-fox-news-sexual-harassment-claims |title=Roger Ailes leaves Fox News in wake of sexual harassment claims|work=The Guardian|date=July 21, 2016}}</ref> In a letter to Murdoch,<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.cnbc.com/2016/07/21/fox-news-confirms-that-roger-ailes-is-leaving-company.html |title=Roger Ailes resigns as CEO of Fox News |website=CNBC|first1=Anita|last1=Balakrishnan|first2=Michelle|last2=Castillo|date=July 21, 2016 |access-date=August 22, 2016}} Article with text of Ailes's resignation letter.</ref> Ailes wrote: "I will not allow my presence to become a distraction from the work that must be done every day to ensure that Fox News and Fox Business continue to lead our industry." Ailes was thanked for his work, without mention of the allegations. He continued to advise Murdoch and [[21st Century Fox]] through 2017 until his death.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2016-07-21/rupert-murdoch-to-succeed-ailes-as-head-of-fox-news-channel |title=Rupert Murdoch to Succeed Ailes as Head of Fox News Channel|agency=[[Bloomberg News|Bloomberg]]|first=Lucas|last=Shaw|website=[[Bloomberg News]] |date=July 21, 2016 |access-date=August 22, 2016}}</ref>


===After 20th Television and Fox News===
===After 20th Television and Fox News===
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== Personal life ==
== Personal life ==
Ailes was married three times.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Sherman|first1=Gabriel |authorlink=Gabriel Sherman|title=The Revenge of Roger's Angels |url=http://nymag.com/daily/intelligencer/2016/09/how-fox-news-women-took-down-roger-ailes.html |access-date=December 20, 2016|magazine=[[New York Magazine|New York]]|date=September 2, 2016}}</ref> He married his second wife Norma Ferrer in 1980 after meeting while working together on the Mike Douglas Show. Ailes adopted Norma's daughter Shawn Ferrer upon their marriage. Walking Shawn down the aisle at her own first wedding to Alexander Visco on April 12, 2001. Norma and Roger were married until 1995. He married his third wife Elizabeth Tilson (born 1960) on February 14, 1998. Formerly a television executive, she was the owner and publisher of local [[New York (state)|New York state]] newspapers ''The Putnam County News & Recorder'' and ''The Putnam County Courier''.<ref>{{cite web |title=Our publisher|work=The Putnam County News & Recorder |url=http://www.pcnr.com/common/Misc/Elizabeth_Ailes.html |access-date=August 4, 2016 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160811094756/http://www.pcnr.com/common/Misc/Elizabeth_Ailes.html |archive-date=August 11, 2016|df=mdy-all}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|work=Putnam County Courier |title=The Putnam County Courier history |url=http://www.putnamcountycourier.com/common/Misc/The_Putnam_County_Courier_history.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130121200437/http://www.putnamcountycourier.com/common/Misc/The_Putnam_County_Courier_history.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=January 21, 2013 |access-date=August 4, 2016}}</ref> Roger Ailes had one son, named Zachary, with Tilson.<ref name="zachary">{{cite magazine|last1=Simpson|first1=Connor |title=Inside the Paranoid World of Fox News's Roger Ailes |url=https://www.theatlantic.com/national/archive/2014/01/inside-paranoid-world-fox-newss-roger-ailes/356819/ |access-date=May 18, 2017|magazine=[[The Atlantic]]|date=January 8, 2014}}</ref> The family resided in [[Garrison, New York]], on a hilltop parcel in a home constructed of [[Adirondack Mountains|Adirondack river stone]] across the [[Hudson River]] from [[United States Military Academy]] at West Point.<ref>{{Cite news |url=http://nymag.com/news/features/roger-ailes-loudest-voice-in-the-room |title=Citizen Ailes|first=Gabriel|last=Sherman|authorlink=Gabriel Sherman|work=[[New York (magazine)|New York]]|date=January 8, 2014}}</ref> Ailes also had residences in [[Cresskill, New Jersey]],<ref>{{cite web |url=http://gawker.com/fox-news-boss-roger-ailes-treats-cops-as-his-personal-m-1629613609 |title=Fox News Boss Roger Ailes Treats Cops as His Personal Minions|last=Trotter|first=J.K.|date=September 15, 2014 |website=[[Gawker]] |access-date=July 6, 2016|quote=He's also made very good friends with the local cops of Cresskill, New Jersey. According to police records obtained by Gawker, the Cresskill Police Department supplies 24/7 security to Ailes' residence there |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160711071523/http://gawker.com/fox-news-boss-roger-ailes-treats-cops-as-his-personal-m-1629613609 |archive-date=July 11, 2016}}</ref> and [[Palm Beach, Florida]].
Ailes was married three times.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Sherman|first1=Gabriel |authorlink=Gabriel Sherman|title=The Revenge of Roger's Angels |url=http://nymag.com/daily/intelligencer/2016/09/how-fox-news-women-took-down-roger-ailes.html |access-date=December 20, 2016|magazine=[[New York Magazine|New York]]|date=September 2, 2016}}</ref> He married his second wife Norma Ferrer in 1980 after meeting while working together on the Mike Douglas Show. Ailes adopted Norma's daughter Shawn Ferrer upon their marriage, walking Shawn down the aisle at her own first wedding to Alexander Visco on April 12, 2001. Norma and Roger were married until 1995. He married his third wife Elizabeth Tilson (born 1960) on February 14, 1998. Formerly a television executive, she was the owner and publisher of local [[New York (state)|New York state]] newspapers ''The Putnam County News & Recorder'' and ''The Putnam County Courier''.<ref>{{cite web |title=Our publisher|work=The Putnam County News & Recorder |url=http://www.pcnr.com/common/Misc/Elizabeth_Ailes.html |access-date=August 4, 2016 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160811094756/http://www.pcnr.com/common/Misc/Elizabeth_Ailes.html |archive-date=August 11, 2016|df=mdy-all}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|work=Putnam County Courier |title=The Putnam County Courier history |url=http://www.putnamcountycourier.com/common/Misc/The_Putnam_County_Courier_history.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130121200437/http://www.putnamcountycourier.com/common/Misc/The_Putnam_County_Courier_history.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=January 21, 2013 |access-date=August 4, 2016}}</ref> Roger Ailes had one son, named Zachary, with Tilson.<ref name="zachary">{{cite magazine|last1=Simpson|first1=Connor |title=Inside the Paranoid World of Fox News's Roger Ailes |url=https://www.theatlantic.com/national/archive/2014/01/inside-paranoid-world-fox-newss-roger-ailes/356819/ |access-date=May 18, 2017|magazine=[[The Atlantic]]|date=January 8, 2014}}</ref> The family resided in [[Garrison, New York]], on a hilltop parcel in a home constructed of [[Adirondack Mountains|Adirondack river stone]] across the [[Hudson River]] from [[United States Military Academy]] at West Point.<ref>{{Cite news |url=http://nymag.com/news/features/roger-ailes-loudest-voice-in-the-room |title=Citizen Ailes|first=Gabriel|last=Sherman|authorlink=Gabriel Sherman|work=[[New York (magazine)|New York]]|date=January 8, 2014}}</ref> Ailes also had residences in [[Cresskill, New Jersey]],<ref>{{cite web |url=http://gawker.com/fox-news-boss-roger-ailes-treats-cops-as-his-personal-m-1629613609 |title=Fox News Boss Roger Ailes Treats Cops as His Personal Minions|last=Trotter|first=J.K.|date=September 15, 2014 |website=[[Gawker]] |access-date=July 6, 2016|quote=He's also made very good friends with the local cops of Cresskill, New Jersey. According to police records obtained by Gawker, the Cresskill Police Department supplies 24/7 security to Ailes' residence there |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160711071523/http://gawker.com/fox-news-boss-roger-ailes-treats-cops-as-his-personal-m-1629613609 |archive-date=July 11, 2016}}</ref> and [[Palm Beach, Florida]].
Ailes was a longtime friend of journalist and media personality [[Barbara Walters]].<ref>{{cite web|first=Craig|last=Fehrman|date=January 21, 2011 |url=http://www.salon.com/news/politics/war_room/2011/01/21/roger_ailes_fehrman/index.html |title=When Roger Ailes was honest about what he does |website=[[Salon (website)|Salon]] |publisher=[[Salon Media Group]]|location=San Francisco, California |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110228232838/http://www.salon.com/news/politics/war_room/2011/01/21/roger_ailes_fehrman/index.html |archive-date=February 28, 2011 |access-date=May 18, 2017}}</ref>
Ailes was a longtime friend of journalist and media personality [[Barbara Walters]].<ref>{{cite web|first=Craig|last=Fehrman|date=January 21, 2011 |url=http://www.salon.com/news/politics/war_room/2011/01/21/roger_ailes_fehrman/index.html |title=When Roger Ailes was honest about what he does |website=[[Salon (website)|Salon]] |publisher=[[Salon Media Group]]|location=San Francisco, California |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110228232838/http://www.salon.com/news/politics/war_room/2011/01/21/roger_ailes_fehrman/index.html |archive-date=February 28, 2011 |access-date=May 18, 2017}}</ref>


==Philanthropy==
==Philanthropy==
=== Ohio University ===
=== Ohio University ===
In October 2007, Ailes donated to [[Ohio University]] for a renovated student newsroom. Ailes had majored in radio and television while at Ohio University and served two years as manager of the school's radio station.<ref name="autogenerated1">{{cite web |url=http://www.ohio.edu/outlook/07-08/October/173n.cfm |title=Alumnus Roger Ailes helps fund newsroom |first=Erin |last=Roberts |date=October 31, 2007 |website=Ohio University Outlook |access-date=April 7, 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080513024634/http://www.ohio.edu/outlook/07-08/October/173n.cfm |archive-date=2008-05-13}}</ref> Starting in 1994, he funded scholarships for Ohio University students in the school's telecommunications programs.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.nbcnews.com/id/21579689 |title=Ailes chips in for alma mater's new newsroom — Giving |work=NBC News |date=November 1, 2007 |access-date=April 7, 2011}}</ref>
In October 2007, Ailes donated to [[Ohio University]] for a renovated student newsroom. Ailes had majored in radio and television while at Ohio University and served two years as manager of the school's radio station.<ref name="autogenerated1">{{cite web |url=http://www.ohio.edu/outlook/07-08/October/173n.cfm |title=Alumnus Roger Ailes helps fund newsroom |first=Erin |last=Roberts |date=October 31, 2007 |website=Ohio University Outlook |access-date=April 7, 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080513024634/http://www.ohio.edu/outlook/07-08/October/173n.cfm |archive-date=2008-05-13}}</ref> Starting in 1994, he funded scholarships for Ohio University students in the school's telecommunications programs.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/id/wbna21579689 |title=Ailes chips in for alma mater's new newsroom — Giving |work=NBC News |date=November 1, 2007 |access-date=April 7, 2011}}</ref>


=== Putnam County senior center ===
=== Putnam County senior center ===
Ailes and his wife Elizabeth, through their charity, ACI Senior Development Corp., promised $500,000 toward the completion of a senior center in [[Cold Spring, New York|Cold Spring]], [[Putnam County, New York]]. Local opposition to Ailes's participation in the project arose after publication of the sexual harassment accusations against him and in response to a ''[[The Journal News|Journal News]]'' report about previously undisclosed conditions attached to the proposed gift. Under those conditions, ACI would act as general contractor for the project with no obligation to conduct competitive bidding before awarding construction management and other subcontracts.{{cn|date=January 2023}}
Ailes and his wife Elizabeth, through their charity, ACI Senior Development Corp., promised $500,000 toward the completion of a senior center in [[Cold Spring, New York|Cold Spring]], [[Putnam County, New York]]. Local opposition to Ailes's participation in the project arose after publication of the sexual harassment accusations against him and in response to a ''[[The Journal News|Journal News]]'' report about previously undisclosed conditions attached to the proposed gift. Under those conditions, ACI would act as general contractor for the project with no obligation to conduct competitive bidding before awarding construction management and other subcontracts.{{citation needed|date=January 2023}}


Further, ACI was excused from any obligation to pay prevailing wages to workers on the project, workers and subcontractors would have no recourse against ACI in case of payment disputes and ACI would deliver its work without warranty.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Wilson|first1=David McKay |title=Roger Ailes withdraws $500K senior center donation after outcry|work=[[The Journal News]] |url=http://www.lohud.com/story/money/personal-finance/taxes/david-mckay-wilson/2016/08/03/roger-ailes-senior-center-deal-derailed-putnam/87995836/|date=August 3, 2016 |access-date=August 4, 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last1=Wilson|first1=David McKay |title=TAX WATCH: Ailes center shrouded in secrecy|work=[[The Journal News]] |url=http://www.lohud.com/story/money/personal-finance/taxes/david-mckay-wilson/2016/08/02/ailes-senior-center/87921146/|date=August 2, 2016 |access-date=August 4, 2016}}</ref> There was extensive public objection to Ailes's participation. At an August 2, 2016 public hearing, the Putnam County Legislature suspended adoption of the proposed charitable donation agreement with ACI.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Gross|first1=Eric |title=Legislators Table Senior Center Lease, Angry Residents Reject Charitable Donation|work=The Putnam County News and Recorder |url=http://www.pcnr.com/news/2016-08-03/Front_Page/Legislators_Table_Senior_Center_Lease.html|date=August 3, 2016 |access-date=August 4, 2016 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160806112615/http://www.pcnr.com/news/2016-08-03/Front_Page/Legislators_Table_Senior_Center_Lease.html |archive-date=August 6, 2016|df=mdy-all}}</ref> The next day Ailes withdrew the gift.<ref>{{cite news|last1=McKay Wilson|first1=David |title=Roger Ailes withdraws $500k Putnam gift after outcry |url=http://www.lohud.com/story/money/personal-finance/taxes/david-mckay-wilson/2016/08/03/roger-ailes-withdraws-500k-putnam-gift-after-outcry/88034124/|newspaper=[[The Journal News]] |publisher=[[Gannett Company]]|location=White Plains, New York|date=August 3, 2016 |access-date=August 13, 2016}}</ref>
Further, ACI was excused from any obligation to pay prevailing wages to workers on the project, workers and subcontractors would have no recourse against ACI in case of payment disputes and ACI would deliver its work without warranty.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Wilson|first1=David McKay |title=Roger Ailes withdraws $500K senior center donation after outcry|work=[[The Journal News]] |url=http://www.lohud.com/story/money/personal-finance/taxes/david-mckay-wilson/2016/08/03/roger-ailes-senior-center-deal-derailed-putnam/87995836/|date=August 3, 2016 |access-date=August 4, 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last1=Wilson|first1=David McKay |title=TAX WATCH: Ailes center shrouded in secrecy|work=[[The Journal News]] |url=http://www.lohud.com/story/money/personal-finance/taxes/david-mckay-wilson/2016/08/02/ailes-senior-center/87921146/|date=August 2, 2016 |access-date=August 4, 2016}}</ref> There was extensive public objection to Ailes's participation. At an August 2, 2016 public hearing, the Putnam County Legislature suspended adoption of the proposed charitable donation agreement with ACI.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Gross|first1=Eric |title=Legislators Table Senior Center Lease, Angry Residents Reject Charitable Donation|work=The Putnam County News and Recorder |url=http://www.pcnr.com/news/2016-08-03/Front_Page/Legislators_Table_Senior_Center_Lease.html|date=August 3, 2016 |access-date=August 4, 2016 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160806112615/http://www.pcnr.com/news/2016-08-03/Front_Page/Legislators_Table_Senior_Center_Lease.html |archive-date=August 6, 2016|df=mdy-all}}</ref> The next day Ailes withdrew the gift.<ref>{{cite news|last1=McKay Wilson|first1=David |title=Roger Ailes withdraws $500k Putnam gift after outcry |url=http://www.lohud.com/story/money/personal-finance/taxes/david-mckay-wilson/2016/08/03/roger-ailes-withdraws-500k-putnam-gift-after-outcry/88034124/|newspaper=[[The Journal News]] |publisher=[[Gannett Company]]|location=White Plains, New York|date=August 3, 2016 |access-date=August 13, 2016}}</ref>
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In a 2013 book excerpt from ''Roger Ailes: Off Camera'', Ailes spoke about facing death, saying, "Because of my hemophilia, I've been prepared to face death all of my life. When it comes, I'll be fine, calm. I'll miss life, though. Especially my family."<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.vanityfair.com/culture/2013/03/roger-ailes-biography-excerpt |title=Exclusive Excerpt: Roger Ailes Off Camera |work=[[Vanity Fair (magazine)|Vanity Fair]]|first=Zef|last=Chafets|date=March 6, 2013 |access-date=May 18, 2017}}</ref>
In a 2013 book excerpt from ''Roger Ailes: Off Camera'', Ailes spoke about facing death, saying, "Because of my hemophilia, I've been prepared to face death all of my life. When it comes, I'll be fine, calm. I'll miss life, though. Especially my family."<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.vanityfair.com/culture/2013/03/roger-ailes-biography-excerpt |title=Exclusive Excerpt: Roger Ailes Off Camera |work=[[Vanity Fair (magazine)|Vanity Fair]]|first=Zef|last=Chafets|date=March 6, 2013 |access-date=May 18, 2017}}</ref>


On May 10, 2017, Ailes fell and hit his head at his Palm Beach, Florida, home. He died on May 18, three days after his 77th birthday, due to injuries from the fall.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/entertainment/tv/roger-ailes-architect-of-conservative-tv-juggernaut-fox-is-dead-at-77/2017/05/18/b5b9e73a-3bc7-11e7-9e48-c4f199710b69_story.html |title=Roger Ailes, architect of conservative TV juggernaut Fox News, is dead at 77|newspaper=[[The Washington Post]]|first=Marc|last=Fisher|date=May 18, 2017 |access-date=May 18, 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.foxnews.com/us/2017/05/18/roger-ailes-former-president-fox-news-dead-at-77.html |title=Roger Ailes, founder of Fox News, dead at 77 |work=Fox News|date=May 18, 2017 |access-date=May 18, 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.wptv.com/news/region-c-palm-beach-county/palm-beach/roger-ailes-fell-hit-head-at-palm-beach-home-on-may-10 |title=Roger Ailes fell, hit head at Palm Beach home on May 10, no evidence of foul play|work=WPTV|date=May 18, 2017 |access-date=May 18, 2017}}</ref> The Palm Beach County Medical Examiner attributed his death to a [[subdural hematoma]], aggravated by hemophilia.<ref name="Accident">{{cite news |last1=Battaglio |first1=Stephen |last2=Meg |first2=James |title=Death of Fox News founder Roger Ailes in Palm Beach County ruled accidental |url=https://www.sun-sentinel.com/local/palm-beach/fl-pn-roger-ailes-palm-beach-20170518-story.html |work=Sun-Sentinel |publisher=Los Angeles Times |date=18 May 2017}}</ref><ref name="TheGuardian">{{cite web |url=https://www.theguardian.com/media/2017/may/18/roger-ailes-dead-fox-news-ceo-chairman |title=Roger Ailes, former Fox News chairman and CEO, dies age 77|date=May 18, 2017 |access-date=May 18, 2017|work=The Guardian|first1=Amanda|last1=Holpuch|first2=Dominic|last2=Rushe|first3=Mark|last3=Sweney}}</ref> His wife, Elizabeth, announced his death in a statement on the ''[[Drudge Report]]''.<ref name="schwartz">{{cite web |url=https://www.yahoo.com/tv/report-roger-ailes-dead-77-124011968.html |title=Roger Ailes, Former Chairman and CEO of Fox News, Dead at 77|date=May 18, 2017 |access-date=May 18, 2017|work=Yahoo! News|first=Ryan|last=Schwartz}}</ref><ref name="TheGuardian" />
On May 10, 2017, Ailes fell and hit his head at his Palm Beach, Florida, home. He died on May 18, three days after his 77th birthday, due to injuries from the fall.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/entertainment/tv/roger-ailes-architect-of-conservative-tv-juggernaut-fox-is-dead-at-77/2017/05/18/b5b9e73a-3bc7-11e7-9e48-c4f199710b69_story.html |title=Roger Ailes, architect of conservative TV juggernaut Fox News, is dead at 77|newspaper=[[The Washington Post]]|first=Marc|last=Fisher|date=May 18, 2017 |access-date=May 18, 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.foxnews.com/us/roger-ailes-founder-of-fox-news-dead-at-77/ |title=Roger Ailes, founder of Fox News, dead at 77 |work=Fox News|date=May 18, 2017 |access-date=May 18, 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.wptv.com/news/region-c-palm-beach-county/palm-beach/roger-ailes-fell-hit-head-at-palm-beach-home-on-may-10 |title=Roger Ailes fell, hit head at Palm Beach home on May 10, no evidence of foul play|work=WPTV|date=May 18, 2017 |access-date=May 18, 2017}}</ref> The Palm Beach County Medical Examiner attributed his death to a [[subdural hematoma]], aggravated by hemophilia.<ref name="Accident">{{cite news |last1=Battaglio |first1=Stephen |last2=Meg |first2=James |title=Death of Fox News founder Roger Ailes in Palm Beach County ruled accidental |url=https://www.sun-sentinel.com/local/palm-beach/fl-pn-roger-ailes-palm-beach-20170518-story.html |work=Sun-Sentinel |publisher=Los Angeles Times |date=18 May 2017}}</ref><ref name="TheGuardian">{{cite web |url=https://www.theguardian.com/media/2017/may/18/roger-ailes-dead-fox-news-ceo-chairman |title=Roger Ailes, former Fox News chairman and CEO, dies age 77|date=May 18, 2017 |access-date=May 18, 2017|work=The Guardian|first1=Amanda|last1=Holpuch|first2=Dominic|last2=Rushe|first3=Mark|last3=Sweney}}</ref> His wife, Elizabeth, announced his death in a statement on the ''[[Drudge Report]]''.<ref name="schwartz">{{cite web |url=https://www.yahoo.com/tv/report-roger-ailes-dead-77-124011968.html |title=Roger Ailes, Former Chairman and CEO of Fox News, Dead at 77|date=May 18, 2017 |access-date=May 18, 2017|work=Yahoo! News|first=Ryan|last=Schwartz}}</ref><ref name="TheGuardian" />


[[George H. W. Bush]], [[Rupert Murdoch]], [[Sean Hannity]], [[Bill Hemmer]], [[Bret Baier]], [[Geraldo Rivera]], [[Laura Ingraham]], [[Kimberly Guilfoyle]], [[Jesse Jackson]], [[Ainsley Earhardt]], [[Shannon Bream]], [[Al Sharpton]], [[David Axelrod (political consultant)|David Axelrod]], [[Jeanine Pirro]], [[Martha MacCallum]], [[Newt Gingrich]], and [[Lou Dobbs]] paid tribute to Ailes.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Stanglin |first=Doug |title=Fox News mastermind Roger Ailes dies at 77, a year after being ousted |url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/2017/05/18/roger-ailes-former-fox-news-chairman-dead-77/101823530/ |access-date=2022-08-15 |website=USA TODAY |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Yee |first=Lawrence |date=2017-05-18 |title=Roger Ailes: Colleagues and Critics React to Fox News Founder's Death |url=https://variety.com/2017/tv/news/roger-ailes-dead-reactions-sean-hannity-geraldo-rivera-reaction-1202433686/ |access-date=2022-08-15 |website=Variety |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2017-05-18 |title=Roger Ailes, former Fox News chairman and CEO, dies age 77 |url=http://www.theguardian.com/media/2017/may/18/roger-ailes-dead-fox-news-ceo-chairman |access-date=2022-08-15 |website=the Guardian |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Former Fox News CEO Roger Ailes dies at 77 |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/news/us-news/fox-news-ex-ceo-roger-ailes-dead-reports-say-n761451 |access-date=2022-08-15 |website=NBC News |date=May 18, 2017 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=CTV News {{!}} Entertainment News |url=https://www.ctvnews.ca/entertainment/roger-hodgson-1.3419 |access-date=2022-08-15 |website=www.ctvnews.ca}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=2017-05-18 |title=Roger Ailes: Fox News founder dies at 77 |language=en-GB |work=BBC News |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-39963887 |access-date=2022-08-15}}</ref>
[[George H. W. Bush]], [[Rupert Murdoch]], [[Sean Hannity]], [[Bill Hemmer]], [[Bret Baier]], [[Geraldo Rivera]], [[Laura Ingraham]], [[Kimberly Guilfoyle]], [[Jesse Jackson]], [[Ainsley Earhardt]], [[Shannon Bream]], [[Al Sharpton]], [[David Axelrod (political consultant)|David Axelrod]], [[Jeanine Pirro]], [[Martha MacCallum]], [[Newt Gingrich]], and [[Lou Dobbs]] paid tribute to Ailes.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Stanglin |first=Doug |title=Fox News mastermind Roger Ailes dies at 77, a year after being ousted |url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/2017/05/18/roger-ailes-former-fox-news-chairman-dead-77/101823530/ |access-date=2022-08-15 |website=USA TODAY |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Yee |first=Lawrence |date=2017-05-18 |title=Roger Ailes: Colleagues and Critics React to Fox News Founder's Death |url=https://variety.com/2017/tv/news/roger-ailes-dead-reactions-sean-hannity-geraldo-rivera-reaction-1202433686/ |access-date=2022-08-15 |website=Variety |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2017-05-18 |title=Roger Ailes, former Fox News chairman and CEO, dies age 77 |url=http://www.theguardian.com/media/2017/may/18/roger-ailes-dead-fox-news-ceo-chairman |access-date=2022-08-15 |website=the Guardian |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Former Fox News CEO Roger Ailes dies at 77 |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/news/us-news/fox-news-ex-ceo-roger-ailes-dead-reports-say-n761451 |access-date=2022-08-15 |website=NBC News |date=May 18, 2017 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=CTV News {{!}} Entertainment News |url=https://www.ctvnews.ca/entertainment/roger-hodgson-1.3419 |access-date=2022-08-15 |website=www.ctvnews.ca}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=2017-05-18 |title=Roger Ailes: Fox News founder dies at 77 |language=en-GB |work=BBC News |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-39963887 |access-date=2022-08-15}}</ref>
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==Documentaries==
==Documentaries==
*''Divide and Conquer: The Story of Roger Ailes'' (documentary, 2018, dir. Alexis Bloom)
*''[[Divide and Conquer: The Story of Roger Ailes]]'' (documentary, 2018, dir. [[Alexis Bloom]])


== References ==
== References ==
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[[Category:20th-century American businesspeople]]
[[Category:20th-century American businesspeople]]
[[Category:21st-century American businesspeople]]
[[Category:21st-century American businesspeople]]
[[Category:Accidental deaths from falls]]
[[Category:Accidental deaths in Florida]]
[[Category:American chairpersons of corporations]]
[[Category:American chairpersons of corporations]]
[[Category:American political consultants]]
[[Category:American political consultants]]

Latest revision as of 10:10, 17 November 2024

Roger Ailes
Ailes in 2013
Born
Roger Eugene Ailes

(1940-05-15)May 15, 1940
Warren, Ohio, U.S.
DiedMay 18, 2017(2017-05-18) (aged 77)
Palm Beach, Florida, U.S.
EducationOhio University (BA)
Occupation(s)President of Fox News
Chair of Fox Television
Stations
20th Television
Political partyRepublican
Spouses
Marjorie White
​
​
(m. 1960; div. 1977)​
Norma Ferrer
​
​
(m. 1981; div. 1995)​
Elizabeth Tilson
​
(m. 1998)​
Children1

Roger Eugene Ailes (May 15, 1940 – May 18, 2017) was an American television executive and media consultant. He was the chairman and CEO of Fox News, Fox Television Stations and 20th Television. Ailes was a media consultant for Republican presidents Richard Nixon, Ronald Reagan, and George H. W. Bush, and for Rudy Giuliani's 1989 New York City mayoral election. In July 2016, he left Fox News after allegations of sexually harassing female Fox employees, including on-air hosts Gretchen Carlson, Megyn Kelly, and Andrea Tantaros.[1][2]

Ailes had hemophilia, a medical condition in which the body is impaired in its ability to produce blood clots. He died on May 18, 2017, at the age of 77 after a subdural hematoma that was aggravated by his hemophilia.

Ailes is known for his influence on conservative media, the conservative movement, and American Presidents. However he is also considered controversial due to the numerous allegations of sexual harassment against Ailes throughout his career and for allegedly creating a misogynistic environment at Fox News.[3][4][5]

Early life

[edit]

Ailes was born and grew up in the factory town of Warren, Ohio, the son of Donna Marie (née Cunningham) and Robert Eugene Ailes, a factory maintenance foreman.[6] Ailes had hemophilia and was often hospitalized as a youth. He attended the Warren city schools, and later was inducted into Warren G. Harding High School's Distinguished Alumni Hall of Fame. Actor and playwright Austin Pendleton was a childhood friend of Ailes.[7][8]

Ailes's father was an authoritarian parent who was often physically and verbally abusive, while Ailes later recalled that his mother feared his hemophilia and was only physically affectionate "once in a while".[9]: 560  His parents divorced in 1960; when he came home from college for Christmas break, they informed him that he would have to stay at a friend's house.[10] In 1962, Ailes graduated from Ohio University in Athens, Ohio, where he majored in radio and television and served as the student station manager for WOUB for two years.[11][12]

Career

[edit]

Early television

[edit]

Ailes's career in television began in Cleveland and Philadelphia, where he started as production assistant (1961), producer (1965), and executive producer (1967–68) at KYW-TV,[13] for a then-locally produced talk-variety show, The Mike Douglas Show. He continued as executive producer for the show when it was syndicated nationally, and in 1967 and 1968 he won Emmy Awards for it.[13]

In 1967, Ailes had a spirited discussion about television in politics with one of the show's guests, Richard Nixon, who took the view that television was a gimmick.[14] Later, Nixon called on Ailes to serve as his Executive Producer for television. Nixon's successful presidential campaign was Ailes's first venture into the political spotlight.[15] His pioneering work in framing national campaign issues was later chronicled in The Selling of the President 1968 by Joe McGinniss.[15]

Ailes was an employee of Television News Inc., a syndicated television newsfilm service owned by Joseph Coors, from January to September 1975.[16][17]

Political consulting

[edit]
Ailes with President Richard Nixon in 1969
Ailes with President Ronald Reagan in 1986
Ailes with President George H. W. Bush in 1990

In 1984, Ailes worked on the campaign to reelect Ronald Reagan. In 1987 and 1988, Ailes was credited (along with fellow consultant Lee Atwater) with guiding George H. W. Bush to victory in the Republican primaries and in the victory over Michael Dukakis.[18]

Ailes was credited with the "Orchestra Pit Theory" regarding sensationalist political coverage in the news media, which originated with his quip:

If you have two guys on a stage and one guy says, "I have a solution to the Middle East problem," and the other guy falls in the orchestra pit, who do you think is going to be on the evening news?[19]

Ailes's last campaign was the unsuccessful effort of Richard Thornburgh in his run for the U.S. Senate in Pennsylvania in November 1991.[20] He announced his withdrawal from political consulting in 1991.[20]

Days after the 9/11 attacks, Ailes advised President George W. Bush that the American public would be patient as long as they were convinced that Bush was using the harshest measures possible.[21] The correspondence was revealed in Bob Woodward's book Bush at War.[22] Criticized for giving political advice, Ailes lashed out against Woodward, saying "Woodward got it all screwed up, as usual", and "The reason he's not as rich as Tom Clancy is that while he and Clancy both make stuff up, Clancy does his research first".[21][23][24] Ailes refused to release a copy of the memo he sent to Bush.[21]

Book

[edit]

In 1988, Ailes wrote a book with long-time aide Jon Kraushar entitled You Are the Message: Secrets of the Master Communicators.[25] In 1989, Ailes wrote a book with Jon Kraushar entitled You Are the Message: Getting What You Want by Being Who You Are.

America's Talking channel

[edit]

Ailes eventually made his way back to television, this time focusing on cable news. In 1993, he became president of CNBC and later created the America's Talking channel, which would eventually become MSNBC. He hosted an interview program on America's Talking.[26] In 1995, NBC hired a law firm to conduct an internal investigation after Ailes allegedly called NBC executive David Zaslav a "little fucking Jew prick." This was not confirmed as the reason for his departure.[27]

20th Television/Fox News

[edit]

Ailes was hired by News Corp chairman Rupert Murdoch in 1996 to become the CEO of Fox News, effective on October 7.[28]

After the departure of Lachlan Murdoch from News Corporation, Ailes was named Chairman of the Fox Television Stations Group on August 15, 2005. Following his newest assignment, one of his first acts was canceling A Current Affair in September 2005 and replacing it with a new Geraldo Rivera show, Geraldo at Large, which debuted on Halloween, 2005. Rivera's show drew about the same ratings as A Current Affair[29] in January 2007.

Ailes hired former Viacom executive Dennis Swanson in October 2005 to be president of the Fox Television Stations Group. Additionally, there were changes in affiliates' news programs with the standardization of Fox News Channel-like graphics, redesigned studios, news-format changes, and the announcement of a new morning television show called The Morning Show with Mike and Juliet to be produced by Fox News Channel.[30]

In January 2011, 400 rabbis, including leaders from various branches of Judaism in the United States, published an open letter in The Wall Street Journal on the UN-designated Holocaust Remembrance Day. They called on Rupert Murdoch to sanction Fox News commentator Glenn Beck for his use of the Holocaust to "discredit any individual or organization you disagree with."[31] An executive at Fox News rejected the letter, calling it the work of a "George Soros-backed left wing political organization."[31] Ailes is also said to have once referred to Jewish critics of his as "left-wing rabbis."[32]

Also in 2011, Ailes was criticized for referring to executives of the public radio network NPR as "Nazis" for firing a news analyst, Juan Williams, after Williams had made remarks considered by NPR to be offensive. Ailes apologized to a Jewish group, but not to NPR, for using the expression, writing to the Anti-Defamation League (ADL): "I was of course ad-libbing and should not have chosen that word, but I was angry at the time because of NPR's willingness to censor Juan Williams for not being liberal enough ... My now considered opinion 'nasty, inflexible bigot' would have worked better."[33] The ADL welcomed and accepted the apology through its National Director, Abraham Foxman;[34] in a subsequent letter to The Wall Street Journal Foxman said that both Ailes and Beck were "pro-Israel stalwarts."[35]

In October 2012, Ailes's contract with Fox News was renewed for four years, through 2016. If completed, he would have served as head of Fox News Channel for 20 years. Salary terms were not made public, although his earnings for the 2012 fiscal year were $21 million (~$27.6 million in 2023) inclusive of bonuses.[36] In addition to heading Fox News and chairing Fox Television Stations, Ailes also chaired 20th Television, MyNetworkTV and Fox Business Network.[36]

Sexual harassment cases

[edit]

In a book published in 2014, Gabriel Sherman alleged that, in the 1980s, Ailes offered a television producer a raise if she would sleep with him.[9][37] Fox News denied the allegation and rejected the authenticity of Sherman's book.[37]

On July 6, 2016, former Fox News anchor Gretchen Carlson filed a sexual harassment lawsuit against Ailes; Carlson's allegations were the impetus for more than a dozen female employees at 21st Century Fox to step forward regarding their own experiences with Ailes's behaviour. Carlson alleged that she had been fired for rebuffing Ailes's advances.[38][39] Ailes, through his attorney, Susan Estrich, denied the charges.[40][41] Three days later, Sherman reported accounts from six women (two publicly and four anonymously) who alleged sexual harassment by Ailes.[42] In response, Ailes's counsel released a statement: "It has become obvious that Ms. Carlson and her lawyer are desperately attempting to litigate this in the press because they have no legal case to argue."[43]

Resignation

[edit]

Ten days later, New York magazine reported that an internal review into Carlson's claims had expanded into a broader review of Ailes's stewardship. It also claimed Rupert Murdoch and his sons, Lachlan and James, had seen enough information in the preliminary review to conclude that Ailes had to go. They disagreed on the timing, however; James wanted Ailes out immediately, while Rupert and Lachlan wanted to wait until after the Republican National Convention.[44] On July 19, New York reported that Megyn Kelly told investigators Ailes made "unwanted sexual advances toward her" at the start of her career. The magazine also reported that the Murdochs had given Ailes an ultimatum—resign by August 1 or be fired.[45]

On July 21, 2016, Ailes resigned from Fox News, receiving $65 million (~$80.9 million in 2023)[1] from 21st Century Fox (the then-parent company of 20th Century Fox and Fox News) in an exit agreement. Rupert Murdoch succeeded him as chairman, and as interim CEO until the naming of a permanent replacement.[46][47] In a letter to Murdoch,[48] Ailes wrote: "I will not allow my presence to become a distraction from the work that must be done every day to ensure that Fox News and Fox Business continue to lead our industry." Ailes was thanked for his work, without mention of the allegations. He continued to advise Murdoch and 21st Century Fox through 2017 until his death.[49]

After 20th Television and Fox News

[edit]

Following Ailes' resignation, Andrea Tantaros claimed in August 2016 that she approached Fox News executives about Ailes' behavior towards her in 2015. She stated that her allegations resulted first in her being demoted, and then in her being taken off the air in April 2016.[50] Tantaros filed a lawsuit against Fox News in August 2016 for sexual harassment, also accusing Bill O'Reilly and Scott Brown.[51][52]

On August 8, 2016, Shelley Ross, writing for The Daily Beast, described her encounter of sexual harassment with Ailes in 1981. She claimed that at a lunch meeting Ailes asked her, "When did you first discover you were sexy?" When Ross explained to Ailes that she found the conversation "very embarrassing," he responded that "the best expression of loyalty comes in the form of a sexual alliance."[53] The next month, 21st Century Fox announced it had settled a lawsuit with Carlson over her allegations of harassment against Ailes.[1] 21st Century Fox was also reported to have made separate settlements with at least two other women who made complaints about Ailes.[1]

In November 2016, Fox News anchor Megyn Kelly wrote in her book about the details of her sexual abuse allegations against Ailes. According to Kelly, when she first joined Fox News, Ailes would have meetings with her, during which he would make sexual remarks. Kelly alleges that he also tried to kiss her several times during a closed-door meeting, but she was able to get away and leave the office. After that incident in 2006, Kelly says that Ailes did not sexually harass her again. Then, in 2016, when Gretchen Carlson first made her sexual abuse allegations, 21st Century Fox pressured Kelly to defend Ailes, which she refused to do.[54]

In 2016, after he left Fox News, he became an adviser to Donald Trump's presidential campaign, where he assisted with debate preparation.[55]

Personal life

[edit]

Ailes was married three times.[56] He married his second wife Norma Ferrer in 1980 after meeting while working together on the Mike Douglas Show. Ailes adopted Norma's daughter Shawn Ferrer upon their marriage, walking Shawn down the aisle at her own first wedding to Alexander Visco on April 12, 2001. Norma and Roger were married until 1995. He married his third wife Elizabeth Tilson (born 1960) on February 14, 1998. Formerly a television executive, she was the owner and publisher of local New York state newspapers The Putnam County News & Recorder and The Putnam County Courier.[57][58] Roger Ailes had one son, named Zachary, with Tilson.[59] The family resided in Garrison, New York, on a hilltop parcel in a home constructed of Adirondack river stone across the Hudson River from United States Military Academy at West Point.[60] Ailes also had residences in Cresskill, New Jersey,[61] and Palm Beach, Florida. Ailes was a longtime friend of journalist and media personality Barbara Walters.[62]

Philanthropy

[edit]

Ohio University

[edit]

In October 2007, Ailes donated to Ohio University for a renovated student newsroom. Ailes had majored in radio and television while at Ohio University and served two years as manager of the school's radio station.[63] Starting in 1994, he funded scholarships for Ohio University students in the school's telecommunications programs.[64]

Putnam County senior center

[edit]

Ailes and his wife Elizabeth, through their charity, ACI Senior Development Corp., promised $500,000 toward the completion of a senior center in Cold Spring, Putnam County, New York. Local opposition to Ailes's participation in the project arose after publication of the sexual harassment accusations against him and in response to a Journal News report about previously undisclosed conditions attached to the proposed gift. Under those conditions, ACI would act as general contractor for the project with no obligation to conduct competitive bidding before awarding construction management and other subcontracts.[citation needed]

Further, ACI was excused from any obligation to pay prevailing wages to workers on the project, workers and subcontractors would have no recourse against ACI in case of payment disputes and ACI would deliver its work without warranty.[65][66] There was extensive public objection to Ailes's participation. At an August 2, 2016 public hearing, the Putnam County Legislature suspended adoption of the proposed charitable donation agreement with ACI.[67] The next day Ailes withdrew the gift.[68]

Death

[edit]

In a 2013 book excerpt from Roger Ailes: Off Camera, Ailes spoke about facing death, saying, "Because of my hemophilia, I've been prepared to face death all of my life. When it comes, I'll be fine, calm. I'll miss life, though. Especially my family."[69]

On May 10, 2017, Ailes fell and hit his head at his Palm Beach, Florida, home. He died on May 18, three days after his 77th birthday, due to injuries from the fall.[70][71][72] The Palm Beach County Medical Examiner attributed his death to a subdural hematoma, aggravated by hemophilia.[73][74] His wife, Elizabeth, announced his death in a statement on the Drudge Report.[75][74]

George H. W. Bush, Rupert Murdoch, Sean Hannity, Bill Hemmer, Bret Baier, Geraldo Rivera, Laura Ingraham, Kimberly Guilfoyle, Jesse Jackson, Ainsley Earhardt, Shannon Bream, Al Sharpton, David Axelrod, Jeanine Pirro, Martha MacCallum, Newt Gingrich, and Lou Dobbs paid tribute to Ailes.[76][77][78][79][80][81]

[edit]

In 2018, Ailes briefly appears in the Adam McKay film Vice.[82]

In 2019, Russell Crowe portrayed Roger Ailes in Showtime's limited series The Loudest Voice alongside Naomi Watts as Gretchen Carlson. Crowe won a Golden Globe for the performance.[83]

The same year, John Lithgow received critical acclaim for playing Ailes in Jay Roach's film Bombshell, also starring Charlize Theron as Megyn Kelly and Nicole Kidman as Gretchen Carlson.[84]

Biographies

[edit]
  • Kerwin Swint (2008). Dark Genius: The Influential Career of Legendary Political Operative and Fox News Founder Roger Ailes. Union Square Press. ISBN 978-1-4027-5445-6.
  • David Brock (2012). The Fox Effect: How Roger Ailes Turned a Network into a Propaganda Machine. Anchor. ISBN 978-0-307-27958-3.
  • Ze'ev Chafets (2013). Roger Ailes: Off Camera. Sentinel. ISBN 978-1-59523-108-6.
  • Gabriel Sherman (2014). The Loudest Voice In The Room: How The Brilliant, Bombastic Roger Ailes Built Fox News – And Divided A Country. Random House. ISBN 978-0-8129-9285-4.

Documentaries

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b c d Grynbaum, Michael M.; Koblin, John (September 6, 2016). "Fox Settles With Gretchen Carlson Over Roger Ailes Sex Harassment Claims". The New York Times. Retrieved September 7, 2016.
  2. ^ Sherman, Gabriel (August 8, 2016). "Andrea Tantaros Says She Made Harassment Claims Against Ailes, Was Taken Off Air". Intelligencer. Retrieved January 3, 2022.
  3. ^ Darcy, Oliver (May 19, 2017). "Roger Ailes and the creation of the conservative media celebrity". CNNMoney. Retrieved June 1, 2024.
  4. ^ Zelizer, Julian (May 18, 2017). "How Roger Ailes changed the media – and America". CNN. Retrieved June 1, 2024.
  5. ^ "Conservative media remember Roger Ailes as 'brilliant' but flawed TV executive". Los Angeles Times. May 18, 2017. Retrieved June 1, 2024.
  6. ^ Current Biography. H.W. Wilson. 1989. p. 14.
  7. ^ Wilkinson, Alissa (December 7, 2018). "Roger Ailes was "not rational": Alexis Bloom on her new film about the Fox News founder". Vox. Retrieved August 16, 2024.
  8. ^ "Warren High Schools' Distinguished Alumni Hall of Fame". Warren City Schools. Archived from the original on September 23, 2007. Retrieved November 15, 2007.
  9. ^ a b Sherman, Gabriel (2014). The Loudest Voice In The Room: How The Brilliant, Bombastic Roger Ailes Built Fox News — And Divided A Country. New York City: Random House. pp. 7–8. ISBN 978-0-8129-9285-4. Retrieved March 23, 2014.
  10. ^ Sherman, p.15
  11. ^ "Ohio University to Rename Newsroom for FOX News' Roger Ailes". Associated Press. April 22, 2008.
  12. ^ "Roger Ailes's BA". Museum of Broadcast Communications. Archived from the original on January 25, 2006. Retrieved October 23, 2009.
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  28. ^ Brancaccio, David (October 7, 1996). "Marketplace: News Archives". Marketplace. Archived from the original on December 9, 2004. Retrieved March 17, 2016.
  29. ^ Angwin, Julia (October 3, 2006). "After Riding High With Fox News, Murdoch Aide Has Harder Slog". The Wall Street Journal. Retrieved November 15, 2007.
  30. ^ Steinberg, Jacques (July 19, 2006). "Coming in January, A Fox Morning Show". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved February 16, 2017.
  31. ^ a b Pilkington, Ed (January 27, 2011). "Rabbis warn Rupert Murdoch: Fox News and Glenn Beck 'using' Holocaust". The Guardian.
  32. ^ Pinkas, Alon (January 27, 2011). "US rabbis pen letter criticizing Beck's Holocaust usage". The Jerusalem Post. Retrieved April 7, 2011.
  33. ^ Kurtz, Howard (November 17, 2010). "Fox News Chief Blasts NPR 'Nazis'". Daily Beast.
  34. ^ "ADL Accepts Apology From Fox News CEO Roger Ailes For Inappropriate 'Nazi' Remark". Anti-Defamation League. Retrieved May 18, 2017.
  35. ^ Foxman, Abraham H. (February 1, 2011). "The Good Rabbis Were Certainly Not Speaking for Us". Letters to the Editor. The Wall Street Journal.
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  41. ^ Farhi, Paul (August 4, 2016). "What is feminist hero Susan Estrich doing representing Roger Ailes?". Washington Post.
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  43. ^ Ramirez, Christina Dugan. "6 More Women Accuse Roger Ailes of Sexual Harassment as His Lawyers Say Claims Are 'False'". People. Dotdash Meredith. Retrieved January 26, 2023.
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  49. ^ Shaw, Lucas (July 21, 2016). "Rupert Murdoch to Succeed Ailes as Head of Fox News Channel". Bloomberg News. Bloomberg. Retrieved August 22, 2016.
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  51. ^ "Ex-Fox News Host Says Scott Brown Put His Hands On Her, Made Sexually Suggestive Comments". CBS News. August 23, 2016. Retrieved August 23, 2016.
  52. ^ Sutton, Kelsey (August 23, 2016). "Former Fox News host Andrea Tantaros sues for sexual harassment". Politico. Retrieved August 23, 2016.
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  54. ^ King, Brittany (November 16, 2016). "Megyn Kelly's Shocking Memoir: 9 Things We Learned About Roger Ailes' Alleged Sexual Harassment". People.
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  57. ^ "Our publisher". The Putnam County News & Recorder. Archived from the original on August 11, 2016. Retrieved August 4, 2016.
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  61. ^ Trotter, J.K. (September 15, 2014). "Fox News Boss Roger Ailes Treats Cops as His Personal Minions". Gawker. Archived from the original on July 11, 2016. Retrieved July 6, 2016. He's also made very good friends with the local cops of Cresskill, New Jersey. According to police records obtained by Gawker, the Cresskill Police Department supplies 24/7 security to Ailes' residence there
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  67. ^ Gross, Eric (August 3, 2016). "Legislators Table Senior Center Lease, Angry Residents Reject Charitable Donation". The Putnam County News and Recorder. Archived from the original on August 6, 2016. Retrieved August 4, 2016.
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  82. ^ McCarthy, Todd (December 17, 2018). "'Vice': Film Review". The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved July 20, 2023.
  83. ^ Romano, Nick (January 5, 2020). "Russell Crowe sends vital call to action on Australia fires after Golden Globes win". Entertainment Weekly.
  84. ^ Gottlieb, Akiva (November 26, 2019). "John Lithgow became Roger Ailes for 'Bombshell' with the help of six prostheses". The Los Angeles Times.
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