Overseas France: Difference between revisions

Overseas France
*France d'outre-mer* (French)
Overseas France France d'outre-mer (French)
	Flag Emblem
	Motto: "Liberté, égalité, fraternité" "Liberty, Equality, Fraternity"
	Anthem: La Marseillaise; ("The Marseillaise");
	Great Seal:;
	Territory of the French Republic (red); Overseas territories (circled); Claimed territory (Adélie Land; hatched)
Capital	Paris
Largest settlements	Fort-de-France (Martinique), Pointe-à-Pitre (Guadeloupe), Saint Denis (La Réunion), Saint Pierre (La Réunion), Nouméa (New Caledonia)
Languages	French, Antillean Creole, Guianan Creole, Reunionese Creole, Shimaore, Tahitian, Marquesan, 'Uvean, Futunan, Drehu, Nengone, Paicî, Ajië, Javanese, and 35 other native languages of New Caledonia
Demonym(s)	French
Territories	5 departments/regions; 8 collectivities/territories Guadeloupe; Martinique; French Guiana; Réunion; Mayotte; Saint Martin; Saint Barthélemy; Saint Pierre and Miquelon; New Caledonia; Wallis and Futuna; French Polynesia; Clipperton; French Southern and Antarctic Lands ;
Leaders
• President	Emmanuel Macron
• Minister	Manuel Valls
Area
• Total	120,396 km2 (46,485 sq mi)
Population
• Estimate	2,834,000 (Jan. 2024)
Currency	Euro; CFP Franc
Date format	dd/mm/yyyy (AD)

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Overseas France (French: France d'outre-mer, also France ultramarine)^{[note 3]} consists of 13 French territories outside Europe, mostly the remnants of the French colonial empire that remained a part of the French state under various statuses after decolonisation. Most are part of the European Union.

"Overseas France" is a collective name; while used in everyday life in France, it is not an administrative designation in its own right. Instead, the five overseas regions have exactly the same administrative status as the thirteen metropolitan regions; the five overseas collectivities are semi-autonomous; and New Caledonia is an autonomous territory. Overseas France includes island territories in the Atlantic, Pacific and Indian Oceans, French Guiana on the South American continent, and several peri-Antarctic islands as well as a claim in Antarctica. Excluding the district of Adélie Land, where French sovereignty is effective de jure by French law, but where the French exclusive claim on this part of Antarctica is frozen by the Antarctic Treaty (signed in 1959), overseas France covers a land area of 120,396 km² (46,485 sq mi)^[3] and accounts for 18.0% of the French Republic's land territory.^[4] Its exclusive economic zone (EEZ) of 9,825,538 km² (3,793,661 sq mi) accounts for 96.7% of the EEZ of the French Republic.^[5]

Outside Europe, four broad classes of overseas French territorial administration currently exist: overseas departments/regions, overseas collectivities, the sui generis territory of New Caledonia, and uninhabited territories. From a legal and administrative standpoint, these four classes have varying legal status and levels of autonomy, although all permanently inhabited territories have representation in both France's National Assembly and Senate, which together make up the French Parliament.

2,834,000 people lived in overseas France in January 2024.^[6] Most of these residents are citizens of France and citizens of the European Union. This makes them able to vote in French and European elections.

Varying constitutional statuses

Overseas departments and regions

Historical population
Year	Pop.	±%
1950	847,000	—
1960	1,103,000	+30.2%
1970	1,388,000	+25.8%
1980	1,582,000	+14.0%
1990	1,921,000	+21.4%
2000	2,295,000	+19.5%
2010	2,622,000	+14.2%
2020	2,782,000	+6.1%
2024	2,834,000	+1.9%
January 2024: Total population of all overseas departments and collectivities: 2,834,000. Total population of five overseas departments: 2,230,000.^[7] Total population of five overseas collectivities and New Caledonia: 604,000. Sources: French Polynesia,^[8] New Caledonia,^[9] Saint Barthélemy,^[10] Saint Martin,^[10] Saint Pierre and Miquelon,^[10] Wallis et Futuna^[11]

Overseas regions have exactly the same status as France's mainland regions. The French Constitution provides that, in general, French laws and regulations (France's civil code, penal code, administrative law, social laws, tax laws, etc.) apply to French overseas regions just as in metropolitan France, but can be adapted as needed to suit the region's particular needs. Hence, the local administrations of French overseas regions cannot themselves pass new laws.

French Guiana (since 1946)
Guadeloupe (since 1946)
Martinique (since 1946)
Mayotte (since 2011)
- 1976–2003: sui generis overseas territory
  - 2001–2003: with the designation departmental community
- 2003–2011: overseas community.
- In the 2009 Mahoran status referendum, Mahorans voted to become an overseas department in 2011, which occurred on 31 March 2011.
Réunion (since 1946)

Overseas collectivities

The category of "overseas collectivity" (French: collectivité d'outre-mer or COM) was created by France's constitutional reform of 28 March 2003. Each overseas collectivity has its own statutory laws.

In contrast to overseas departments/regions, the overseas collectivities are empowered to make their own laws, except in certain areas reserved to the French national government (such as defense, international relations, trade and currency, and judicial and administrative law). The overseas collectivities are governed by local elected assemblies and by the French Parliament and French Government, with a cabinet member, the Minister of the Overseas, in charge of issues related to the overseas territories.

French Polynesia (1946–2003: overseas territory; since 2003: overseas collectivity): In 2004 it was given the designation of "overseas country" (French: pays d'outre-mer), but the Constitutional Council of France has ruled that this designation did not create a new political category.
Saint Barthélemy: In 2003, Saint-Barthélemy voted to become an overseas collectivity of France. Saint-Barthélemy is not part of the European Union, having changed the status to an overseas country or territory associated with the European Union in 2012.
Saint Martin: In a 2003 referendum, Saint Martin voted in favour of secession from Guadeloupe to become separate overseas collectivity of France.^[12] On 7 February 2007, the French Parliament passed a bill granting COM status to Saint Martin and Saint Barthélemy.^[13] The new status took effect on 22 February 2007, when the law was published in the Journal Officiel.^[14] Saint Martin remains part of the European Union, as stated in the Treaty of Lisbon.^[15]
Saint Pierre and Miquelon (1976–85: overseas department; 1985–2003: sui generis overseas territory; since 2003: overseas collectivity): Despite being given the political status of "overseas collectivity", Saint Pierre et Miquelon is called collectivité territoriale de Saint-Pierre-et-Miquelon, literally "territorial collectivity".
Wallis and Futuna (1961–2003: overseas territory; since 2003: overseas collectivity): It is still commonly referred to as a territoire (Territoire des îles Wallis et Futuna).

Sui generis collectivity

New Caledonia had the status of an overseas territory from 1946 to 1998, but as of the 1998 Nouméa Accord it gained a special status (statut particulier or sui generis) in 1999. A New Caledonian citizenship was established (in addition to the French citizenship which is kept in parallel, along with the European citizenship), and a gradual transfer of power from the French state to New Caledonia itself was begun, to last from 15 to 20 years.^[16] However, this process was subject to approval in a referendum. Three independence referendums have been held, in 2018, 2020 and 2021. In the first two referendums, the "yes" vote was 43.3% and 46.7% respectively. In the third referendum of December 2021, massively boycotted by the native Kanak community, which represent 42% of the population, the "yes" vote was 3.5%, with a turnout of 43.9%.^[17]^[18]

Overseas territory

French Southern and Antarctic Lands (Terres Australes et Antarctiques Françaises or TAAF); overseas territory of France (since 1956). It is currently the only overseas territory. According to law 2007-224 of 21 February 2007, the Scattered Islands in the Indian Ocean constitute the 5th district of TAAF.

Special status

Clipperton Island (French: Île de Clipperton or Île de la Passion; Spanish: Isla de la Pasión) is a 9 km² (3.5 sq mi) uninhabited coral atoll located 1,280 km (800 miles) south-west of Acapulco, Mexico in the Pacific Ocean. It is held as an overseas "state private property" under the direct authority of the French government, and is administered by France's Minister of the Overseas ("private" in this context refers to official restrictions on access, rather than private ownership per se).

Political representation in legislatures

With 2,834,000 inhabitants in 2024, overseas France accounts for 4.1% of the population of the French Republic.^[6] They enjoy a corresponding representation in the two chambers of the French Parliament and, in the 16th legislature of the French Fifth Republic (2022–2027), overseas France is represented by 27 deputies in the French National Assembly, accounting for 4.7% of the 577 deputies in the National Assembly:

Senate (France)

Since September 2011, overseas France has been represented by 21 senators in the French Senate, accounting for 6.0% of the 348 senators in the Senate:

European Parliament (European Union)

The territories used to be collectively represented in the European Parliament by the Overseas Territories of France constituency. Since the 2019 European elections, France decided to switch to a single constituency, putting an end to all regional constituencies, including the Overseas Territories constituency.^{[citation needed]}

Council (European Union)

The special territories of EU member states are not separately represented in the EU Council. Every member state represents all its citizens in the council.

Overview

Inhabited collectivities and departments/regions

The eleven inhabited French overseas territories are:

Name	Capital	Population	Area (km²)	Population Density (inh. per km²)	Status	UN Continental Region	UN Geographical Subregion	Location	Notes
French Guiana	Cayenne	295,385 (Jan. 2024)^[7]	83,534^[19]	3.5	Overseas department/region	Americas	South America	The Guianas
French Polynesia	Papeete	279,020 (Jan. 2023)^[8]	3,521^[20]	79	Overseas collectivity/country	Oceania	Polynesia	South Pacific Ocean	Consists of the Society Islands, the Tuamotu Archipelago, the Gambier Islands, the Marquesas Islands, and the Austral Islands. The most populous island is Tahiti.^[21]
Guadeloupe	Basse-Terre	378,561 (Jan. 2024)^[7]	1,628^[19]	233	Overseas department/region	Americas	Caribbean	Leeward Islands
Martinique	Fort-de-France	349,925 (Jan. 2024)^[7]	1,128^[19]	310		Americas	Caribbean	Windward Islands
Mayotte	Mamoudzou	320,901 (Jan. 2024)^[7]	374^[20]	858		Africa	Eastern Africa	Comoro Islands	Voted on 29 March 2009, in favour of attaining overseas department / region status. That status became effective on March 31, 2011. Also claimed by the Comoros.
New Caledonia	Nouméa	268,510 (Jan. 2023)^[9]	18,575.5^[22]	14.5	Sui generis collectivity	Oceania	Melanesia	South Pacific Ocean	Independence referendums occurred on 4 November 2018 (56.4% voting against and 43.6% voting in favor), as well as on 4 October 2020 (53.3% voting against and 46.7% voting in favor). A third and final one held in December 2021 rejected independence (96.5% voting against and 3.5% voting in favor).^[23]
Réunion	Saint Denis	885,700 (Jan. 2024)^[7]	2,504^[19]	354	Overseas department/region	Africa	Eastern Africa	Mascarene Islands
Saint Barthélemy	Gustavia	10,585 (Jan. 2020)^[10]	25^{[note 5]}^[24]	423	Overseas collectivity	Americas	Caribbean	Leeward Islands	Detached from Guadeloupe on 22 February 2007.
Saint Martin	Marigot	32,358 (Jan. 2020)^[10]	53^[25]	610		Americas	Caribbean	Leeward Islands	Detached from Guadeloupe on 22 February 2007.
Saint Pierre and Miquelon	Saint Pierre	6,092 (Jan. 2020)^[10]	242^[20]	25		North America	Northern America	Gulf of St. Lawrence
Wallis and Futuna	Mata Utu	11,151 (Jul. 2023)^[11]	142^[20]	79		Oceania	Polynesia	South Pacific Ocean

Uninhabited overseas territories

Several of these territories are generally only transiently inhabited by researchers in scientific stations.

Name	TAAF District	Island	Capital	Area (km²)	Status	Location	Notes
Clipperton Island	–	–	–	2^[26]	Overseas state private property	North Pacific Ocean
French Southern and Antarctic Lands	Adélie Land		Dumont d'Urville Station	432,000^[27]	Overseas territory	Antarctica	Under the terms of the Antarctic Treaty.
	Crozet Islands		Alfred Faure	340^[27]		Indian Ocean
	Kerguelen Islands		Port-aux-Français	7,215^[27]			Population: 45 researchers in winter, 110 in summer.
	Saint Paul and Amsterdam Islands	Amsterdam Island	Martin-de-Viviès	66^[27]
	Saint Paul and Amsterdam Islands	Saint Paul Island	Martin-de-Viviès	66^[27]
	Scattered Islands in the Indian Ocean	Banc du Geyser	Saint Pierre, Réunion	0		Mozambique Channel	Claimed by the Comoros and Madagascar.
		Bassas da India		1^[27]			Claimed by Madagascar.
		Europa Island		30^[27]			Claimed by Madagascar.
		Glorioso Islands		7^[27]		Indian Ocean	Claimed by the Comoros and Madagascar.
		Juan de Nova Island		5^[27]		Mozambique Channel	Claimed by Madagascar.
		Tromelin Island		1^[27]		Indian Ocean	Claimed by Mauritius.

Map

Photo gallery

Saint-Pierre, Saint Pierre and Miquelon
Cayenne, French Guiana
Marigot, Saint Martin
Guadeloupe
Martinique
Saint Barthélemy
Mont Choungui, Mayotte
Réunion
Île de l'Est, Crozet Islands, French Southern and Antarctic Lands
New Caledonia
Wallis Island, Wallis and Futuna
Bora Bora, French Polynesia
Clipperton Island

Largest cities in overseas France

Ranked by population in the metropolitan area:

Fort-de-France (Martinique): 347,170 inhabitants (in 2020)
Saint Denis (Réunion): 315,080 (in 2020)
Pointe-à-Pitre–Les Abymes (Guadeloupe): 312,630 (in 2020)
Saint Pierre–Le Tampon (Réunion): 222,614 (in 2020)
Nouméa (New Caledonia): 182,341 (in 2019)
Saint Paul (Réunion): 171,109 (in 2020)
Cayenne (French Guiana): 151,887 (in 2020)
Papeete (French Polynesia): 138,861 (in 2022)

Notes

^ The current Constitution of France does not specify a national emblem.^[1] This emblem is used by the President, Ministry for Europe and Foreign Affairs,^[2] and is on the cover of French passports. For other symbols, see National symbols of France.
^ Excluding Adélie Land.
^ Also les Outre-mer, les outre-mers, or, colloquially, les DOM-TOM (départements d'outre-mer et territoires d'outre-mer) or les DROM-COM (départements et régions d'outre-mer et collectivités d'outre-mer).
^ Article 2 of the French Constitution states that the French Flag is the only legal flag of France. Only French Polynesia, an overseas country, and New Caledonia, a sui generis collectivity, are allowed to have their official flags. This right was granted to French Polynesia by a 6 September 1984, law and to New Caledonia by the Nouméa Accord. The Administrator of French Antarctica is also granted his own flag through a 23 February 2007 ordinance. Historical flags are sometimes used but have no basis in law. Many territories use unofficial flags to represent the territories. The unofficial flags are shown in this table.
^ 25 km² including the outlying uninhabited islets. 21 km² without the outlying islets.

References

^ Article II of the Constitution of France (1958)
^ "The lictor's fasces". elysee.fr. 20 November 2012.
^ Larousse, Éditions. "Encyclopédie Larousse en ligne – France d'outre-mer". larousse.fr (in French). Retrieved 2 October 2022.
^ Land area of the four old overseas departments ([1]), Mayotte, the overseas collectivities, and New Caledonia (page 21), the French Southern and Antarctic Lands and the Scattered Islands ([2] Archived 19 June 2018 at the Wayback Machine), and Clipperton ([3] Archived 5 March 2020 at the Wayback Machine).
^ "Sea Around Us – Fisheries, Ecosystems and Biodiversity". Retrieved 20 June 2018.
^ ^a ^b The population of all five overseas departments totaled 2,230,000 in January 2024.[4] The population of the overseas collectivities and New Caledonia amounted to 604,000 inhabitants (Saint-Pierre and Miquelon [5], Saint-Barthélemy [6], Saint-Martin [7], French Polynesia [8], Wallis et Futuna [9], New Caledonia [10]).
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f "Estimation de population par région, sexe et grande classe d'âge – Années 1975 à 2024" (in French). Retrieved 17 January 2024.
^ ^a ^b INSEE. "Chiffres détaillés>>Démographie>>Chiffres clés Démographie" (in French). Retrieved 17 January 2024.
^ ^a ^b "Bilan démographique 2022 : la Nouvelle-Calédonie perd 1 300 habitants". Institut national de la statistique et des études économiques Nouvelle-Calédonie. Retrieved 17 January 2024.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f INSEE (29 December 2022). "Populations légales des collectivités d'outre-mer en 2020" (in French). Retrieved 16 April 2024.
^ ^a ^b "Résultats du recensement de la population 2023 de Wallis-et-Futuna" (in French). Préfet des îles Wallis et Futuna. Retrieved 17 January 2024.
^ "French Caribbean voters reject change". Caribbean Net News. 9 December 2003. Archived from the original on 18 March 2009. Retrieved 9 February 2007. However, voters in the two tiny French dependencies of Saint-Barthélemy and Saint-Martin, which have been administratively attached to Guadeloupe, approved the referendum and are set to acquire the new status of "overseas collectivity".
^ Magras, Bruno (16 February 2007). "Letter of Information from the Mayor to the residents and non-residents, to the French and to the foreigners, of Saint Barthelemy" (PDF). St. Barth Weekly. p. 2. Archived from the original (PDF) on 22 May 2019. Retrieved 18 February 2007. On 7 February of this year, the French Parliament adopted the law granting Saint-Barthélemy the Statute of an Overseas Collectivity.
^ "Saint-Barth To Become An Overseas Collectivity" (PDF). St. Barth Weekly. 9 February 2007. p. 2. Retrieved 9 February 2007.
^ "Treaty of Lisbon, Article 2, points 287 and 293". Retrieved 31 January 2008.
^ "Nouvelle-Calédonie", Le Petit Larousse (2010), Paris, page 1559.
^ "Final results of New Caledonia referendum shows most voters stayed away". Reuters. 13 December 2021. Retrieved 13 December 2021.
^ Répartition des suffrages exprimés lors des référendums sur l'indépendance de la Nouvelle-Calédonie en 2018, 2020 et 2021, [11], Statista.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d INSEE. "Comparateur de territoire" (in French). Retrieved 29 January 2021.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d INSEE. "Tableau Économique de Mayotte 2010" (PDF) (in French). p. 21. Retrieved 29 January 2021.
^ "French Polynesia profile". BBC News. 6 June 2023. Archived from the original on 15 September 2024. Retrieved 16 September 2024.
^ ISEE. "Tableaux de l'Economie Calédonienne 2016" (in French). p. 31. Retrieved 29 January 2021.
^ Rose, Michel; Packham, Colin (12 December 2021). "New Caledonia rejects independence in final vote amid boycott". Reuters.
^ INSEE. "2008, An 1 de la collectivité de Saint-Barthélemy" (PDF) (in French). p. 7. Archived from the original (PDF) on 1 December 2021. Retrieved 29 January 2021.
^ INSEE. "2008, An 1 de la collectivitéde Saint-Martin" (PDF) (in French). p. 6. Archived from the original (PDF) on 1 December 2021. Retrieved 29 January 2021.
^ Ministry of Overseas France. "L'île de Clipperton" (in French). Retrieved 31 January 2014.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ Délégation générale à l'outre-mer. "Terres Australes et Antarctiques Françaises : Données géographiques et humaines" (PDF) (in French). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2 February 2014. Retrieved 31 January 2014.

External links

Official website

[3] The current Constitution of France does not specify a national emblem.^[1] This emblem is used by the President, Ministry for Europe and Foreign Affairs,^[2] and is on the cover of French passports. For other symbols, see National symbols of France.

[4] Excluding Adélie Land.

[5] Also les Outre-mer, les outre-mers, or, colloquially, les DOM-TOM (départements d'outre-mer et territoires d'outre-mer) or les DROM-COM (départements et régions d'outre-mer et collectivités d'outre-mer).

[22] Article 2 of the French Constitution states that the French Flag is the only legal flag of France. Only French Polynesia, an overseas country, and New Caledonia, a sui generis collectivity, are allowed to have their official flags. This right was granted to French Polynesia by a 6 September 1984, law and to New Caledonia by the Nouméa Accord. The Administrator of French Antarctica is also granted his own flag through a 23 February 2007 ordinance. Historical flags are sometimes used but have no basis in law. Many territories use unofficial flags to represent the territories. The unofficial flags are shown in this table.

[28] 25 km² including the outlying uninhabited islets. 21 km² without the outlying islets.

[1] Article II of the Constitution of France (1958)

[2] "The lictor's fasces". elysee.fr. 20 November 2012.

[6] Larousse, Éditions. "Encyclopédie Larousse en ligne – France d'outre-mer". larousse.fr (in French). Retrieved 2 October 2022.

[French_Republic-7] Land area of the four old overseas departments ([1]), Mayotte, the overseas collectivities, and New Caledonia (page 21), the French Southern and Antarctic Lands and the Scattered Islands ([2] Archived 19 June 2018 at the Wayback Machine), and Clipperton ([3] Archived 5 March 2020 at the Wayback Machine).

[searoundus-8] "Sea Around Us – Fisheries, Ecosystems and Biodiversity". Retrieved 20 June 2018.

[French_Republic_2-9] The population of all five overseas departments totaled 2,230,000 in January 2024.[4] The population of the overseas collectivities and New Caledonia amounted to 604,000 inhabitants (Saint-Pierre and Miquelon [5], Saint-Barthélemy [6], Saint-Martin [7], French Polynesia [8], Wallis et Futuna [9], New Caledonia [10]).

[pop_DOM-10] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f "Estimation de population par région, sexe et grande classe d'âge – Années 1975 à 2024" (in French). Retrieved 17 January 2024.

[French_Polynesia-11] INSEE. "Chiffres détaillés>>Démographie>>Chiffres clés Démographie" (in French). Retrieved 17 January 2024.

[New_Caledonia-12] "Bilan démographique 2022 : la Nouvelle-Calédonie perd 1 300 habitants". Institut national de la statistique et des études économiques Nouvelle-Calédonie. Retrieved 17 January 2024.

[collectivtés2020-13] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f INSEE (29 December 2022). "Populations légales des collectivités d'outre-mer en 2020" (in French). Retrieved 16 April 2024.

[Wallis_Futuna-14] "Résultats du recensement de la population 2023 de Wallis-et-Futuna" (in French). Préfet des îles Wallis et Futuna. Retrieved 17 January 2024.

[15] "French Caribbean voters reject change". Caribbean Net News. 9 December 2003. Archived from the original on 18 March 2009. Retrieved 9 February 2007. However, voters in the two tiny French dependencies of Saint-Barthélemy and Saint-Martin, which have been administratively attached to Guadeloupe, approved the referendum and are set to acquire the new status of "overseas collectivity".

[16] Magras, Bruno (16 February 2007). "Letter of Information from the Mayor to the residents and non-residents, to the French and to the foreigners, of Saint Barthelemy" (PDF). St. Barth Weekly. p. 2. Archived from the original (PDF) on 22 May 2019. Retrieved 18 February 2007. On 7 February of this year, the French Parliament adopted the law granting Saint-Barthélemy the Statute of an Overseas Collectivity.

[17] "Saint-Barth To Become An Overseas Collectivity" (PDF). St. Barth Weekly. 9 February 2007. p. 2. Retrieved 9 February 2007.

[18] "Treaty of Lisbon, Article 2, points 287 and 293". Retrieved 31 January 2008.

[19] "Nouvelle-Calédonie", Le Petit Larousse (2010), Paris, page 1559.

[20] "Final results of New Caledonia referendum shows most voters stayed away". Reuters. 13 December 2021. Retrieved 13 December 2021.

[21] Répartition des suffrages exprimés lors des référendums sur l'indépendance de la Nouvelle-Calédonie en 2018, 2020 et 2021, [11], Statista.

[land_area_4DOM-23] INSEE. "Comparateur de territoire" (in French). Retrieved 29 January 2021.

[land_area-24] INSEE. "Tableau Économique de Mayotte 2010" (PDF) (in French). p. 21. Retrieved 29 January 2021.

[25] "French Polynesia profile". BBC News. 6 June 2023. Archived from the original on 15 September 2024. Retrieved 16 September 2024.

[26] ISEE. "Tableaux de l'Economie Calédonienne 2016" (in French). p. 31. Retrieved 29 January 2021.

[27] Rose, Michel; Packham, Colin (12 December 2021). "New Caledonia rejects independence in final vote amid boycott". Reuters.

[29] INSEE. "2008, An 1 de la collectivité de Saint-Barthélemy" (PDF) (in French). p. 7. Archived from the original (PDF) on 1 December 2021. Retrieved 29 January 2021.

[30] INSEE. "2008, An 1 de la collectivitéde Saint-Martin" (PDF) (in French). p. 6. Archived from the original (PDF) on 1 December 2021. Retrieved 29 January 2021.

[31] Ministry of Overseas France. "L'île de Clipperton" (in French). Retrieved 31 January 2014.

[TAAF-32] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ Délégation générale à l'outre-mer. "Terres Australes et Antarctiques Françaises : Données géographiques et humaines" (PDF) (in French). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2 February 2014. Retrieved 31 January 2014.

[note 1]

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[note 4]

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[note 5]

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@@ Line 20: / Line 20: @@
 | leader_name1           = {{nowrap|[[Emmanuel Macron]]}}
 | leader_title2          = [[Minister of the Overseas|Minister]]
-| leader_name2           = {{nowrap|[[Marie Guévenoux]]}}
+| leader_name2           = {{nowrap|[[Manuel Valls]]}}
 | demonym                = French
 | membership_type        = Territories
@@ Line 50: / Line 50: @@
 {{Administrative divisions of France}}
-'''Overseas France''' ({{lang-fr|France d'outre-mer}}, also ''France ultramarine''){{NoteTag|Also ''les Outre-mer'', ''les outre-mers'', or colloquially ''les DOM-TOM'' (''départements d'outre-mer et territoires d'outre-mer'') or ''les DROM-COM'' (''départements et régions d'outre-mer et collectivités d'outre-mer'').}} consists of 13 [[France|French]]-administered territories outside [[Europe]], mostly the remains of the [[French colonial empire]] that remained a part of the French state under various statuses after [[decolonization]]. Some, but not all, are part of the [[European Union]].
+'''Overseas France''' ({{langx|fr|France d'outre-mer}}, also {{lang|fr|France ultramarine}}){{NoteTag|Also {{lang|fr|les Outre-mer}}, {{lang|fr|les outre-mers}}, or, colloquially, {{lang|fr|les DOM-TOM}} ({{lang|fr|départements d'outre-mer et territoires d'outre-mer}}) or {{lang|fr|les DROM-COM}} ({{lang|fr|départements et régions d'outre-mer et collectivités d'outre-mer}}).}} consists of 13 [[France|French]] territories outside [[Europe]], mostly the remnants of the [[French colonial empire]] that remained a part of the French state under various statuses after [[decolonisation]]. Most are part of the [[European Union]].
-"Overseas France" is a collective name; while used in everyday life in France, it is not an administrative designation in its own right. Instead, the five [[Overseas departments and regions of France|overseas regions]] have exactly the same [[Administrative divisions of France|administrative status]] as the thirteen [[Metropolitan France|metropolitan]] regions; the five [[Overseas collectivity|overseas collectivities]] are semi-autonomous; and [[New Caledonia]] is an autonomous territory. Overseas France includes island territories in the [[Atlantic Ocean|Atlantic]], [[Pacific Ocean|Pacific]] and [[Indian Ocean]]s, [[French Guiana]] on the [[South America]]n continent, and several [[list of Antarctic and Subantarctic islands|peri-Antarctic islands]] as well as a claim in [[Antarctica]]. Excluding the district of [[Adélie Land]], where French sovereignty is effective ''de jure'' by French law, but where the French exclusive claim on this part of [[Antarctica]] is frozen by the [[Antarctic Treaty System|Antarctic Treaty]] (signed in 1959), overseas France covers a land area of {{convert|120396|km2|abbr=on}}<ref>{{Cite web |last=Larousse |first=Éditions |title=Encyclopédie Larousse en ligne - France d'outre-mer |url=http://www.larousse.fr/encyclopedie/autre-region/France_d_outre-mer/136636 |access-date=2022-10-02 |website=www.larousse.fr |language=fr}}</ref> and accounts for 18.0% of the French Republic's land territory.<ref name="French_Republic">Land area of the four old overseas departments ([https://www.insee.fr/fr/statistiques/2864136#consulter]), Mayotte, the overseas collectivities, and New Caledonia ([https://www.insee.fr/fr/statistiques/fichier/2045658/my_oldcol_01.pdf page 21]), the French Southern and Antarctic Lands and the Scattered Islands ([http://observatoire-outre-mer.interieur.gouv.fr/site/layout/set/print/content/download/166/1067/file/Tdb_TAAF_Novembre17.pdf] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180619190042/http://observatoire-outre-mer.interieur.gouv.fr/site/layout/set/print/content/download/166/1067/file/Tdb_TAAF_Novembre17.pdf|date=19 June 2018}}), and Clipperton ([http://agriculture.gouv.fr/telecharger/44764?token=428075c480768259a6a7d05a971137ea] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200305145908/https://agriculture.gouv.fr/telecharger/44764?token=428075c480768259a6a7d05a971137ea|date=5 March 2020}}).</ref> Its [[exclusive economic zone]] (EEZ) of {{convert|9825538|km2|abbr=on}} accounts for 96.7% of the EEZ of the [[France|French Republic]].<ref name="searoundus">{{cite web |url=http://www.seaaroundus.org/data/#/eez.aspx |title=Sea Around Us – Fisheries, Ecosystems and Biodiversity |access-date=20 June 2018}}</ref>
+"Overseas France" is a collective name; while used in everyday life in France, it is not an administrative designation in its own right. Instead, the five [[Overseas departments and regions of France|overseas regions]] have exactly the same [[Administrative divisions of France|administrative status]] as the thirteen [[Metropolitan France|metropolitan]] regions; the five [[Overseas collectivity|overseas collectivities]] are semi-autonomous; and [[New Caledonia]] is an autonomous territory. Overseas France includes island territories in the [[Atlantic Ocean|Atlantic]], [[Pacific Ocean|Pacific]] and [[Indian Ocean]]s, [[French Guiana]] on the [[South America]]n continent, and several [[list of Antarctic and Subantarctic islands|peri-Antarctic islands]] as well as a claim in [[Antarctica]]. Excluding the district of [[Adélie Land]], where French sovereignty is effective ''de jure'' by French law, but where the French exclusive claim on this part of [[Antarctica]] is frozen by the [[Antarctic Treaty System|Antarctic Treaty]] (signed in 1959), overseas France covers a land area of {{convert|120396|km2|abbr=on}}<ref>{{Cite web |last=Larousse |first=Éditions |title=Encyclopédie Larousse en ligne – France d'outre-mer |url=http://www.larousse.fr/encyclopedie/autre-region/France_d_outre-mer/136636 |access-date=2022-10-02 |website=larousse.fr |language=fr}}</ref> and accounts for 18.0% of the French Republic's land territory.<ref name="French_Republic">Land area of the four old overseas departments ([https://www.insee.fr/fr/statistiques/2864136#consulter]), Mayotte, the overseas collectivities, and New Caledonia ([https://www.insee.fr/fr/statistiques/fichier/2045658/my_oldcol_01.pdf page 21]), the French Southern and Antarctic Lands and the Scattered Islands ([http://observatoire-outre-mer.interieur.gouv.fr/site/layout/set/print/content/download/166/1067/file/Tdb_TAAF_Novembre17.pdf] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180619190042/http://observatoire-outre-mer.interieur.gouv.fr/site/layout/set/print/content/download/166/1067/file/Tdb_TAAF_Novembre17.pdf|date=19 June 2018}}), and Clipperton ([http://agriculture.gouv.fr/telecharger/44764?token=428075c480768259a6a7d05a971137ea] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200305145908/https://agriculture.gouv.fr/telecharger/44764?token=428075c480768259a6a7d05a971137ea|date=5 March 2020}}).</ref> Its [[exclusive economic zone]] (EEZ) of {{convert|9825538|km2|abbr=on}} accounts for 96.7% of the EEZ of the [[France|French Republic]].<ref name="searoundus">{{cite web |url=http://www.seaaroundus.org/data/#/eez.aspx |title=Sea Around Us – Fisheries, Ecosystems and Biodiversity |access-date=20 June 2018}}</ref>
-Outside of Europe, four broad classes of overseas French territorial administration currently exist: [[overseas departments and regions of France|overseas departments/regions]], [[overseas collectivity|overseas collectivities]], the ''[[sui generis]]'' territory of [[New Caledonia]], and uninhabited territories. From a legal and administrative standpoint, these four classes have varying legal status and levels of autonomy, although all permanently inhabited territories have representation in both France's [[National Assembly (France)|National Assembly]] and [[Senate (France)|Senate]], which together make up the [[French Parliament]].
+Outside Europe, four broad classes of overseas French territorial administration currently exist: [[overseas departments and regions of France|overseas departments/regions]], [[overseas collectivity|overseas collectivities]], the ''[[sui generis]]'' territory of [[New Caledonia]], and uninhabited territories. From a legal and administrative standpoint, these four classes have varying legal status and levels of autonomy, although all permanently inhabited territories have representation in both France's [[National Assembly (France)|National Assembly]] and [[Senate (France)|Senate]], which together make up the [[French Parliament]].
 ,834,000 people lived in overseas France in January 2024.<ref name="French_Republic_2">The population of all five overseas departments totaled 2,230,000 in January 2024.[https://www.insee.fr/fr/statistiques/fichier/7752095/estim-pop-nreg-sexe-gca-1975-2024.xls] The population of the overseas collectivities and New Caledonia amounted to 604,000 inhabitants (Saint-Pierre and Miquelon [https://www.insee.fr/fr/statistiques/7728793?sommaire=7728826], Saint-Barthélemy [https://www.insee.fr/fr/statistiques/7728793?sommaire=7728826], Saint-Martin [https://www.insee.fr/fr/statistiques/7728793?sommaire=7728826], French Polynesia [https://www.ispf.pf/chiffres], Wallis et Futuna [https://www.wallis-et-futuna.gouv.fr/Actualites/Les-chiffres-INSEE-du-recensement-2023-authentifies-sont-parus], New Caledonia [https://www.isee.nc/population/demographie]).</ref> Most of these residents are [[French nationality law|citizens of France]] and [[citizenship of the European Union|citizens of the European Union]]. This makes them able to vote in [[elections in France|French]] and [[elections to the European Parliament|European elections]].
-==Varying constitutional statuses==
+== Varying constitutional statuses ==
-=== Overseas regions and departments ===
+=== Overseas departments and regions ===
 {{Main|Overseas departments and regions of France}}
@@ Line 72: / Line 72: @@
 *[[Guadeloupe]] (since 1946)
 *[[Martinique]] (since 1946)
+*[[Mayotte]] (since 2011)
-*[[Mayotte]] (since 2011) 1976–2003: ''[[sui generis]]'' overseas territory; 2001–2003: with the designation [[departmental collectivity|departmental community]]; 2003–2011: overseas community. In the 2009 [[2009 Mahoran status referendum|Mahoran status referendum]], Mahorans voted to become an overseas department in 2011, which occurred on 31 March 2011. <!--For sources see the linked WP article. -->
+** 1976–2003: ''[[sui generis]]'' overseas territory
+*** 2001–2003: with the designation [[departmental collectivity|departmental community]]
+** 2003–2011: overseas community.
+** In the 2009 [[2009 Mahoran status referendum|Mahoran status referendum]], Mahorans voted to become an overseas department in 2011, which occurred on 31 March 2011. <!--For sources see the linked WP article. -->
 *[[Réunion]] (since 1946)
@@ Line 78: / Line 82: @@
 {{Main|Overseas collectivity}}
-The category of "overseas collectivity" ([[French language|French]]: ''collectivité d'outre-mer'' or ''COM'') was created by France's constitutional reform of 28 March 2003. Each overseas collectivity has its own statutory laws.
+The category of "overseas collectivity" ({{langx|fr|collectivité d'outre-mer}} or ''COM'') was created by France's constitutional reform of 28 March 2003. Each overseas collectivity has its own statutory laws.
 In contrast to overseas departments/regions, the [[Overseas collectivity|overseas collectivities]] are empowered to make their own laws, except in certain areas reserved to the French national government (such as defense, international relations, trade and currency, and judicial and administrative law). The overseas collectivities are governed by local elected assemblies and by the French Parliament and [[Government of France|French Government]], with a cabinet member, the [[Minister of the Overseas (France)|Minister of the Overseas]], in charge of issues related to the overseas territories.
-* [[French Polynesia]] (1946–2003: overseas territory, since 2003: overseas collectivity) In 2004 it was given the designation of "[[overseas country of France|overseas country]]" ({{lang-fr|pays d'outre-mer}}), but the [[Constitutional Council (France)|Constitutional Council of France]] has clarified that this designation did not create a new political category.
+* [[French Polynesia]] (1946–2003: overseas territory; since 2003: overseas collectivity): In 2004 it was given the designation of "[[overseas country of France|overseas country]]" ({{langx|fr|pays d'outre-mer}}), but the [[Constitutional Council (France)|Constitutional Council of France]] has ruled that this designation did not create a new political category.
 * [[Saint Barthélemy]]: In 2003, Saint-Barthélemy [[2003 Guadeloupean autonomy referendum|voted]] to become an overseas collectivity of France. Saint-Barthélemy is not part of the European Union, having changed the status to an [[Special member state territories and the European Union#Overseas countries and territories|overseas country or territory]] associated with the European Union in 2012.
-* [[Collectivity of Saint Martin|Saint Martin]]: In 2003, the populations of Saint-Martin [[2003 Guadeloupean autonomy referendum|voted]] in favour of secession from Guadeloupe in order to become separate overseas collectivity of France.<ref>{{cite news |title = French Caribbean voters reject change |url = http://www.caribbeannetnews.com/2003/12/09/voters.htm |work = Caribbean Net News |date=9 December 2003 |access-date=9 February 2007 |quote = However, voters in the two tiny French dependencies of Saint-Barthélemy and Saint-Martin, which have been administratively attached to Guadeloupe, approved the referendum and are set to acquire the new status of "overseas collectivity". |url-status=dead |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20090318194043/http://www.caribbeannetnews.com/2003/12/09/voters.htm |archive-date=18 March 2009 |df=dmy-all }}</ref> On 7 February 2007, the [[French Parliament]] passed a bill granting [[Overseas collectivity|COM status]] to both jurisdictions.<ref>{{cite news |first=Bruno |last=Magras |title=Letter of Information from the Mayor to the residents and non-residents, to the French and to the foreigners, of Saint Barthelemy |url = http://www.st-barths.com/jsb/pdf_files/weekly108.pdf |publisher=St. Barth Weekly |page=2 |date=16 February 2007 |access-date=18 February 2007 |quote=On 7 February of this year, the French Parliament adopted the law granting Saint-Barthélemy the Statute of an Overseas Collectivity. }}</ref> The new status took effect on 22 February 2007 when the law was published in the ''[[Journal officiel de la République française|Journal Officiel]]''.<ref>{{cite news |title=Saint-Barth To Become An Overseas Collectivity |url=http://www.st-barths.com/jsb/pdf_files/weekly107.pdf |publisher=St. Barth Weekly |page=2 |date=9 February 2007 |access-date=9 February 2007}}</ref> Saint-Martin remains part of the [[European Union]], as stated in the [[Treaty of Lisbon]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=OJ:C:2007:306:0042:0133:EN:PDF|title=Treaty of Lisbon, Article 2, points 287 and 293|access-date=31 January 2008}}</ref>
+* [[Collectivity of Saint Martin|Saint Martin]]: In a [[2003 Guadeloupean autonomy referendum|2003 referendum]], Saint Martin voted in favour of secession from Guadeloupe to become separate overseas collectivity of France.<ref>{{cite news |title = French Caribbean voters reject change |url = http://www.caribbeannetnews.com/2003/12/09/voters.htm |work = Caribbean Net News |date=9 December 2003 |access-date=9 February 2007 |quote = However, voters in the two tiny French dependencies of Saint-Barthélemy and Saint-Martin, which have been administratively attached to Guadeloupe, approved the referendum and are set to acquire the new status of "overseas collectivity". |url-status=dead |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20090318194043/http://www.caribbeannetnews.com/2003/12/09/voters.htm |archive-date=18 March 2009 |df=dmy-all }}</ref> On 7 February 2007, the [[French Parliament]] passed a bill granting [[Overseas collectivity|COM status]] to Saint Martin and Saint Barthélemy.<ref>{{cite news |first=Bruno |last=Magras |title=Letter of Information from the Mayor to the residents and non-residents, to the French and to the foreigners, of Saint Barthelemy |url = http://www.st-barths.com/jsb/pdf_files/weekly108.pdf |work=St. Barth Weekly |page=2 |date=16 February 2007 |access-date=18 February 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190522174522/http://www.st-barths.com/jsb/pdf_files/weekly108.pdf |archive-date=22 May 2019 |url-status=dead |quote=On 7 February of this year, the French Parliament adopted the law granting Saint-Barthélemy the Statute of an Overseas Collectivity. }}</ref> The new status took effect on 22 February 2007, when the law was published in the ''[[Journal officiel de la République française|Journal Officiel]]''.<ref>{{cite news |title=Saint-Barth To Become An Overseas Collectivity |url=http://www.st-barths.com/jsb/pdf_files/weekly107.pdf |work=St. Barth Weekly |page=2 |date=9 February 2007 |access-date=9 February 2007}}</ref> Saint Martin remains part of the [[European Union]], as stated in the [[Treaty of Lisbon]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=OJ:C:2007:306:0042:0133:EN:PDF|title=Treaty of Lisbon, Article 2, points 287 and 293|access-date=31 January 2008}}</ref>
-* [[Saint Pierre and Miquelon]] (1976–85: overseas department, 1985–2003: ''[[sui generis]]'' overseas territory, since 2003: overseas collectivity). Despite being given the political status of "overseas collectivity", Saint Pierre et Miquelon is called {{lang|fr|collectivité territoriale de Saint-Pierre-et-Miquelon}}, literally "territorial collectivity".
+* [[Saint Pierre and Miquelon]] (1976–85: overseas department; 1985–2003: ''[[sui generis]]'' overseas territory; since 2003: overseas collectivity): Despite being given the political status of "overseas collectivity", Saint Pierre et Miquelon is called {{lang|fr|collectivité territoriale de Saint-Pierre-et-Miquelon}}, literally "territorial collectivity".
-* [[Wallis and Futuna]] (1961–2003: overseas territory, since 2003: overseas collectivity). It is still commonly referred to as a {{lang|fr|territoire}} ({{lang|fr|Territoire des îles Wallis et Futuna}}).
+* [[Wallis and Futuna]] (1961–2003: overseas territory; since 2003: overseas collectivity): It is still commonly referred to as a {{lang|fr|territoire}} ({{lang|fr|Territoire des îles Wallis et Futuna}}).
-=== Sui generis collectivity ===
+=== ''Sui generis'' collectivity ===
-* [[New Caledonia]] had the status of an overseas territory from 1946 to 1998, but as of the 1998 [[Nouméa Accord]] it gained a special status ({{lang|fr|statut particulier}} or ''[[sui generis]]'') in 1999. A New Caledonian citizenship was established (in addition to the French citizenship which is kept in parallel, along with the European citizenship), and a gradual transfer of power from the French state to New Caledonia itself was begun, to last from 15 to 20 years.<ref>{{lang|fr|"Nouvelle-Calédonie", ''Le Petit Larousse''|italic=unset}} (2010), Paris, page 1559.</ref>
+* [[New Caledonia]] had the status of an overseas territory from 1946 to 1998, but as of the 1998 [[Nouméa Accord]] it gained a special status ({{lang|fr|statut particulier}} or ''[[sui generis]]'') in 1999. A New Caledonian citizenship was established (in addition to the French citizenship which is kept in parallel, along with the European citizenship), and a gradual transfer of power from the French state to New Caledonia itself was begun, to last from 15 to 20 years.<ref>{{lang|fr|"Nouvelle-Calédonie", ''Le Petit Larousse''|italic=unset}} (2010), Paris, page 1559.</ref> However, this process was subject to approval in a referendum.  Three independence referendums have been held, in [[2018 New Caledonian independence referendum|2018]], [[2020 New Caledonian independence referendum|2020]] and 2021. In the first two referendums, the "yes" vote was 43.3% and 46.7% respectively. In the [[2021 New Caledonian independence referendum|third referendum]] of December 2021, massively boycotted by the native [[Kanak people|Kanak community]], which represent 42% of the population, the "yes" vote was 3.5%,  with a turnout of 43.9%.<ref>{{cite news |title=Final results of New Caledonia referendum shows most voters stayed away |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/final-results-new-caledonia-referendum-shows-most-voters-stayed-away-2021-12-13/ |access-date=13 December 2021 |publisher=Reuters |date=13 December 2021}}</ref><ref>Répartition des suffrages exprimés lors des référendums sur l'indépendance de la Nouvelle-Calédonie en 2018, 2020 et 2021, [https://fr.statista.com/statistiques/939659/nouvelle-caledonie-resultats-referendum/], Statista.</ref>
-However, this process was subject to approval in a referendum.  Three independence referendums have been held, in [[2018 New Caledonian independence referendum|2018]], [[2020 New Caledonian independence referendum|2020]] and 2021.  At the heavily boycotted [[2021 New Caledonian independence referendum|third referendum]] in December 2021, 96.5% rejected independence with a turnout of 43.9%.  In the two earlier referendums the "no" vote was 57% and 53%, respectively.<ref>{{cite news |title=Final results of New Caledonia referendum shows most voters stayed away |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/final-results-new-caledonia-referendum-shows-most-voters-stayed-away-2021-12-13/ |access-date=13 December 2021 |publisher=Reuters |date=13 December 2021}}</ref>
-The future status within France of New Caledonia will now be the subject of a further referendum that was to be held before the end of 2023<ref>{{cite news |title='Tonight France is more beautiful': Macron hails New Caledonia's rejection of independence |url=https://www.france24.com/en/live-news/20211212-new-caledonia-rejects-independence-from-france-in-referendum-boycotted-by-separatist-camp-partial-results |access-date=13 December 2021 |publisher=France 24 |date=13 December 2021}}</ref> but it has not yet happened {{as of|May 2024|lc=y}}.
 === Overseas territory ===
@@ Line 101: / Line 101: @@
 === Special status ===
-* [[Clipperton Island]] ({{lang-fr|Île de Clipperton}} or {{lang|fr|Île de la Passion}}; {{lang-es|Isla de la Pasión}}) is a {{convert|9|km2|abbr=on}} [[desert island|uninhabited]] coral [[atoll]] located {{convert|1,280|km|abbr=in}} south-west of Acapulco, Mexico in the [[Pacific Ocean]]. It is held as an overseas "[[state ownership|state private property]]" under the direct authority of the French government, and is administered by France's [[Minister of the Overseas]] ("private" in this context refers to official restrictions on access, rather than private ownership ''per se'').
+* [[Clipperton Island]] ({{langx|fr|Île de Clipperton}} or {{lang|fr|Île de la Passion}}; {{langx|es|Isla de la Pasión}}) is a {{convert|9|km2|abbr=on}} [[uninhabited island|uninhabited]] coral [[atoll]] located {{convert|1,280|km|abbr=in}} south-west of Acapulco, Mexico in the [[Pacific Ocean]]. It is held as an overseas "[[state ownership|state private property]]" under the direct authority of the French government, and is administered by France's [[Minister of the Overseas]] ("private" in this context refers to official restrictions on access, rather than private ownership ''per se'').
 == Political representation in legislatures ==
 [[File:Ministre-DOMTOM.svg|thumb|upright|Flag of the [[Minister of the Overseas (France)|Minister of Overseas France]]]]
-With 2,834,000 inhabitants in 2024, overseas France accounts for 4.1% of the population of the French Republic.<ref name="French_Republic_2" /> They enjoy a corresponding representation in the two chambers of the [[French Parliament]] and in the [[16th legislature of the French Fifth Republic]] (2022-2027) overseas France is represented by 27 deputies in the [[National Assembly (France)|French National Assembly]], accounting for 4.7% of the 577 deputies in the National Assembly:
+With 2,834,000 inhabitants in 2024, overseas France accounts for 4.1% of the population of the French Republic.<ref name="French_Republic_2" /> They enjoy a corresponding representation in the two chambers of the [[French Parliament]] and, in the [[16th legislature of the French Fifth Republic]] (2022–2027), overseas France is represented by 27 deputies in the [[National Assembly (France)|French National Assembly]], accounting for 4.7% of the 577 deputies in the National Assembly:
+* [[Réunion]]: 7
-*[[Réunion]]: 7
+* [[Guadeloupe]]: 4
-*[[Guadeloupe]]: 4
+* [[Martinique]]: 4
-*[[Martinique]]: 4
+* [[French Polynesia]]: 3
-*[[French Polynesia]]: 3
+* [[French Guiana]]: 2
-*[[French Guiana]]: 2
+* [[Mayotte]]: 2
-*[[Mayotte]]: 2
+* [[New Caledonia]]: 2
+* [[Saint Barthélemy]] and [[Collectivity of Saint Martin|Saint Martin]]: 1
-*[[New Caledonia]]: 2
-*[[Saint Barthélemy]] and [[Collectivity of Saint Martin|Saint Martin]]: 1
+* [[Saint Pierre and Miquelon]]: 1
-*[[Saint Pierre and Miquelon]]: 1
+* [[Wallis and Futuna]]: 1
-*[[Wallis and Futuna]]: 1
 ==={{Flagdeco|France}} Senate (France)===
 Since September 2011, overseas France has been represented by 21 senators in the [[Senate (France)|French Senate]], accounting for 6.0% of the 348 senators in the Senate:
+* [[Réunion]]: 4
-*[[Réunion]]: 4
+* [[Guadeloupe]]: 3
-*[[Guadeloupe]]: 3
+* [[French Guiana]]: 2
-*[[French Guiana]]: 2
+* [[French Polynesia]]: 2
-*[[French Polynesia]]: 2
+* [[Martinique]]: 2
-*[[Martinique]]: 2
+* [[Mayotte]]: 2
-*[[Mayotte]]: 2
+* [[New Caledonia]]: 2
-*[[New Caledonia]]: 2
+* [[Saint Barthélemy]]: 1
-*[[Saint Barthélemy]]: 1
+* [[Collectivity of Saint Martin|Saint Martin]]: 1
-*[[Collectivity of Saint Martin|Saint Martin]]: 1
+* [[Saint Pierre and Miquelon]]: 1
-*[[Saint Pierre and Miquelon]]: 1
+* [[Wallis and Futuna]]: 1
-*[[Wallis and Futuna]]: 1
 === {{Flagdeco|European Union}} European Parliament (European Union) ===
@@ Line 179: / Line 177: @@
 | [[Polynesia]]
 | [[Pacific Ocean|South Pacific Ocean]]
+| Consists of the [[Society Islands]], the [[Tuamotus|Tuamotu Archipelago]], the [[Gambier Islands]], the [[Marquesas Islands]], and the [[Austral Islands]]. The most populous island is [[Tahiti]].<ref>{{Cite news |date=2023-06-06 |title=French Polynesia profile |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-16492623 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240915231739/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-16492623 |archive-date=2024-09-15 |access-date=2024-09-16 |work=[[BBC News]] |language=en-GB}}</ref>
-|
 |-
 | [[File:Flag of Guadeloupe (local) variant.svg|border|65px]]
@@ Line 276: / Line 274: @@
 | [[Polynesia]]
 | [[Pacific Ocean|South Pacific Ocean]]
-|
+|-
 |}
@@ Line 430: / Line 428: @@
 == External links ==
 * {{Official website}}
-* {{Curlie|Regional/Europe/France/Regions/Overseas/}}
 {{EU dependencies}}

v t e Dependencies of European Union states
Denmark	Faroe Islands Greenland
France	Clipperton Island French Polynesia French Southern and Antarctic Lands Adélie Land Île Amsterdam Crozet Islands Îles Éparses Kerguelen Islands Île Saint-Paul New Caledonia Saint Barthélemy Saint Martin Saint Pierre and Miquelon Wallis and Futuna
Netherlands	Aruba Caribbean Netherlands Curaçao Sint Maarten