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{{Short description|Neoclassical Revival mansion}}
{{Short description|Mansion in Elkins Park, Pennsylvania}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=January 2020}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=August 2024}}
{{Infobox building
{{Infobox building
| name = Lynnewood Hall
| name = Lynnewood Hall
| native_name =
| native_name =
| former_names =
| former_names =
| alternate_names =
| alternate_names =
| image = Lynnewood Hall - Evening Facade, 2023 LHPF.jpg
| image = Lynnewood Hall - Evening Facade, 2023 LHPF.jpg
| alt =
| alt =
| caption = Pictured in 2007
| caption = Pictured in October 2023
| map_type =
| map_type =
| map_alt =
| map_alt =
| map_caption =
| map_caption =
| altitude =
| altitude =
| building_type =
| building_type =
| architectural_style = [[Neoclassical Revival]]
| architectural_style = [[Neoclassical Revival]]
| structural_system =
| structural_system =
| cost = $8 million<br/>(equivalent to ${{Inflation|US|8|1900}}&nbsp;million in {{Inflation/year|US}})
| cost = $8 million<br />(equivalent to ${{Inflation|US|8|1900}}&nbsp;million in {{Inflation/year|US}})
| status =
| status =
| client = [[Peter Arrell Browne Widener|Peter A. B. Widener]]
| client = [[Peter Arrell Browne Widener|Peter A. B. Widener]]
| owner = Lynnewood Hall Preservation Foundation (purchased from First Korean Church of New York in 2023)
| owner = Lynnewood Hall Preservation Foundation (purchased from First Korean Church of New York in 2023)
| landlord =
| landlord =
| location =
| location =
| address = 920 Spring Ave.
| address = 920 Spring Ave.
| location_town = [[Elkins Park, Pennsylvania]]
| location_town = [[Elkins Park, Pennsylvania]]
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| start_date = 1897
| start_date = 1897
| completion_date = 1899
| completion_date = 1899
| renovation_date =
| renovation_date =
| demolition_date =
| demolition_date =
| destruction_date =
| destruction_date =
| height = {{convert|215|ft2|m2}}
| height =
| diameter = {{convert|325|ft2|m2}}
| diameter =
| floor_count =
| floor_count =
| floor_area = {{convert|110000|ft2|m2}}
| floor_area = {{convert|109848|ft2|m2}}
| main_contractor =
| main_contractor =
| architect = [[Horace Trumbauer]]
| architect = [[Horace Trumbauer]]
}}
}}


'''Lynnewood Hall''' is a 110-room [[Neoclassical Revival]] mansion in [[Elkins Park, Pennsylvania]]. Currently undergoing renovations<ref name=chlocal>{{Cite web |last=Robinson |first=Carla |title=Purchase agreement reached for historic Lynnewood Hall: Pottstown investor funds Gilded Age mansion’s preservation foundation |url=https://www.chestnuthilllocal.com/stories/purchase-agreement-reached-for-historic-lynnewood-hall,26705 |access-date=2023-02-09 |website=The Chestnut Hill Local |language=en}}</ref> after sitting nearly vacant for years, it was designed by architect [[Horace Trumbauer]] for industrialist [[Peter Arrell Brown Widener|Peter A. B. Widener]] and built between 1897 and 1900. Considered the largest surviving [[Gilded Age]] mansion in the [[Philadelphia]] area, it housed one of the most important Gilded Age private art collections of European masterpieces and decorative arts, which had been assembled by Widener and his younger son, [[Joseph E. Widener]].
'''Lynnewood Hall''' is a 110-room [[Neoclassical Revival]] mansion in [[Elkins Park, Pennsylvania]]. It was designed by architect [[Horace Trumbauer]] for industrialist [[Peter Arrell Brown Widener|Peter A. B. Widener]] and built between 1897 and 1899. Lynnewood Hall is the second largest surviving [[Gilded Age]] mansion in the United States and once housed the most significant and diverse collection of art in American history, additionally recognized as one of the most important collections of Western European Art in world history. The collection had been assembled by Widener and his younger son, [[Joseph E. Widener]].


Peter Widener died at Lynnewood Hall at the age of 80 on November 6, 1915, after prolonged poor health.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://query.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=9F04E0DF113CE733A25754C0A9679D946496D6CF |title=P.A.B. Widener, Capitalist, Dies |work=The New York Times |date=November 7, 1915 |access-date=January 5, 2019}}</ref> He was predeceased by his elder son [[George Dunton Widener]] and grandson [[Harry Elkins Widener]], both of whom died when [[RMS Titanic|RMS ''Titanic'']] sank in 1912. The structure changed hands a few times over the subsequent decades, with large portions of the estate grounds sold off in the 1940s, and has been predominantly vacant since 1952, when it was purchased by a [[Presbyterian Church (USA)|Presbyterian]] seminary.
Peter Widener died at Lynnewood Hall at the age of 80 on November 6, 1915, after prolonged poor health.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://query.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=9F04E0DF113CE733A25754C0A9679D946496D6CF |title=P.A.B. Widener, Capitalist, Dies |work=The New York Times |date=November 7, 1915 |access-date=January 5, 2019}}</ref> He was predeceased by his elder son [[George Dunton Widener]] and grandson [[Harry Elkins Widener]], both of whom died when [[RMS Titanic|RMS ''Titanic'']] sank in 1912. The structure changed hands a few times over the subsequent decades, with large portions of the estate grounds sold off in the 1940s, and has been predominantly vacant since 1952, when it was purchased by a [[Presbyterian Church (USA)|Presbyterian]] seminary.


It is presently being renovated by the Lynnewood Hall Preservation Foundation, which announced a purchase agreement for the estate in February 2023.<ref name="chlocal" />
{{As of|2023}} it is being renovated by the Lynnewood Hall Preservation Foundation, which announced a purchase agreement for the estate in February 2023.<ref name=chlocal>{{Cite web |last=Robinson |first=Carla |title=Purchase agreement reached for historic Lynnewood Hall: Pottstown investor funds Gilded Age mansion's preservation foundation |url=https://www.chestnuthilllocal.com/stories/purchase-agreement-reached-for-historic-lynnewood-hall,26705 |access-date=February 9, 2023 |website=The Chestnut Hill Local |language=en}}</ref>


==Description==
==Description==
Built from [[Indiana limestone]], the T-shaped Lynnewood Hall (dubbed "The last of the American [[Palace of Versailles|Versailles]]" by Widener's grandson) measures {{convert|325|ft|m}} long by {{convert|215|ft|m}} deep.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=KmcnAAAAIBAJ&sjid=HgQGAAAAIBAJ&pg=4618,1123073&dq=ptere+widener&hl=en|work=Boston Evening Transcript |via=Google News Archive |title=Peter A.B. Widener Dead |date=November 6, 1915 |access-date=January 5, 2019}}</ref> In addition to 55 bedrooms, the 110-room mansion had a large art gallery, a ballroom large enough for 1,000 guests, swimming pool, wine cellars, a farm, carpentry and upholstery studios, and an electrical power plant. The estate originally encompassed 300 acres, upon 33 of which a fenced ornamental garden was constructed. The fenced area includes a gatehouse and smaller Lynnewood Lodge (also known as Conklin Hall), built in the same style as the mansion. The mansion's grounds have remained contiguous since the 1952 sale.<ref name=":0" />
Built from [[Indiana limestone]], the T-shaped Lynnewood Hall (dubbed "The last of the American [[Palace of Versailles|Versailles]]" by Widener's grandson) measures {{convert|268|ft|m}} long by {{convert|215|ft|m}} deep.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=KmcnAAAAIBAJ&sjid=HgQGAAAAIBAJ&pg=4618,1123073&dq=ptere+widener&hl=en|work=Boston Evening Transcript |via=Google News Archive |title=Peter A.B. Widener Dead |date=November 6, 1915 |access-date=January 5, 2019}}</ref> In addition to 55 bedrooms, the 110-room mansion had a large art gallery, a ballroom large enough for 1,000 guests, swimming pool, wine cellars, a farm, carpentry and upholstery studios, and an electrical power plant. The estate originally encompassed 300 acres, upon 33 of which a fenced ornamental garden was constructed. The fenced area includes a gatehouse and smaller Lynnewood Lodge (also known as Conklin Hall), built in the same style as the mansion. The mansion's grounds have remained contiguous since the 1952 sale.<ref name=":0" />


A 2014 article in ''[[The Philadelphia Inquirer]]'' described the mansion as "dripping with silk, velvet, and gilded moldings, the rooms furnished with chairs from [[Louis XV]]'s palace, Persian rugs, and Chinese pottery, the halls crammed with art by [[Raphael]], [[Rembrandt]], [[El Greco]], [[Anthony van Dyck|van Dyck]], [[Donatello]]."<ref name=Parks>{{cite news|last1=Parks|first1=Jessica|title=The clock is ticking for Lynnewood Hall|url=http://articles.philly.com/2014-08-11/news/52652897_1_peter-a-b-widener-lynnewood-hall-horace-trumbauer|work=The Philadelphia Inquirer|date=August 11, 2014}}</ref> ''[[Time (magazine)|TIME]]'' magazine published an account of a lavish party held at Lynnewood Hall in 1932.<ref>{{Cite journal|url=http://content.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,753475,00.html|title=Business: Party at Lynnewood|journal=Time|date=October 24, 1932|via=content.time.com}}</ref>
A 2014 article in ''[[The Philadelphia Inquirer]]'' described the mansion as "dripping with silk, velvet, and gilded moldings, the rooms furnished with chairs from [[Louis XV]]'s palace, Persian rugs, and Chinese pottery, the halls crammed with art by [[Raphael]], [[Rembrandt]], [[El Greco]], [[Anthony van Dyck|van Dyck]], [[Donatello]]."<ref name=Parks>{{cite news|last1=Parks|first1=Jessica|title=The clock is ticking for Lynnewood Hall|url=http://articles.philly.com/2014-08-11/news/52652897_1_peter-a-b-widener-lynnewood-hall-horace-trumbauer|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140813014247/http://articles.philly.com/2014-08-11/news/52652897_1_peter-a-b-widener-lynnewood-hall-horace-trumbauer|url-status=dead|archive-date=August 13, 2014|work=The Philadelphia Inquirer|date=August 11, 2014}}</ref> ''[[Time (magazine)|TIME]]'' magazine published an account of a lavish party held at Lynnewood Hall in 1932.<ref>{{Cite journal|url=http://content.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,753475,00.html|title=Business: Party at Lynnewood|journal=Time|date=October 24, 1932|via=content.time.com}}</ref>


==Art collection==
==Art collection==
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From 1915 to 1940, the spectacular art collection at Lynnewood Hall was open to the public by appointment between June and October.
From 1915 to 1940, the spectacular art collection at Lynnewood Hall was open to the public by appointment between June and October.


In 1942, Joseph E. Widener donated more than 2,000 sculptures, paintings, decorative art works, and porcelains to the [[National Gallery of Art]]. P.A.B. Widener had originally planned for the collection to go to the Philadelphia Museum of Art. The paintings included Raphael's ''[[Small Cowper Madonna]]'', [[Giovanni Bellini|Bellini]]'s ''[[The Feast of the Gods]]'', eight van Dycks, two Vermeers, fourteen Rembrandts, and a series of portraits by [[Thomas Gainsborough|Gainsborough]] and [[Joshua Reynolds|Reynolds]].<ref name=Quodbach>{{cite journal|last1=Quodbach|first1=Esmée|title="The Last of the American Versailles": The Widener Collection at Lynnewood Hall|journal=Simiolus: Netherlands Quarterly for the History of Art|date=2002|volume=1/2|issue=1/2|pages=42–96|doi=10.2307/3780924|jstor=3780924}}</ref> The sculptures included Donatello's ''[[David (Donatello)|David]]'' and [[Desiderio da Settignano]]'s ''St John the Baptist''.<ref name=Quodbach /><ref>{{Cite web |title=Provenance |url=https://www.nga.gov/collection/provenance-info.631.html#biography |access-date=2024-05-24 |website=www.nga.gov}}</ref>
In 1942, Joseph E. Widener donated more than 2,000 sculptures, paintings, decorative art works, and porcelains to the [[National Gallery of Art]]. P.A.B. Widener had originally planned for the collection to go to the Philadelphia Museum of Art. The paintings included Raphael's ''[[Small Cowper Madonna]]'', [[Giovanni Bellini|Bellini]]'s ''[[The Feast of the Gods]]'', eight van Dycks, two Vermeers, fourteen Rembrandts, and a series of portraits by [[Thomas Gainsborough|Gainsborough]] and [[Joshua Reynolds|Reynolds]].<ref name=Quodbach>{{cite journal|last1=Quodbach|first1=Esmée|title="The Last of the American Versailles": The Widener Collection at Lynnewood Hall|journal=Simiolus: Netherlands Quarterly for the History of Art|date=2002|volume=1/2|issue=1/2|pages=42–96|doi=10.2307/3780924|jstor=3780924}}</ref> The sculptures included Donatello's ''[[David (Donatello, bronze)|David]]'' and [[Desiderio da Settignano]]'s ''St John the Baptist''.<ref name=Quodbach /><ref>{{Cite web |title=Provenance |url=https://www.nga.gov/collection/provenance-info.631.html#biography |access-date=May 24, 2024 |website=www.nga.gov}}</ref>


==History==
==History==
===Construction to sale===
===Construction and early years===
By the time Horace Trumbauer was commissioned by Peter A.B. Widener to build Lynnewood Hall, Trumbauer had already designed the Widener family's Philadelphia townhome and house in New York City. Trumbauer collaborated with the French firm Carlhian et Fils to design the mansion's interiors, utilizing large amounts of salvaged European furniture, tapestries, and rooms. The mansion's 18th-century ballroom, one of the largest on the eastern seaboard, was imported from Italy. Construction began in 1897, and the mansion was opened after only two years of construction with a gala held on December 19, 1899.
By the time Horace Trumbauer was commissioned by Peter A.B. Widener to build Lynnewood Hall, Trumbauer had already designed the Widener family's Philadelphia townhome and house in New York City. Trumbauer collaborated with the French firm Carlhian et Fils to design the mansion's interiors, utilizing large amounts of salvaged European furniture, tapestries, and rooms. The mansion's 18th-century ballroom, one of the largest on the eastern seaboard, was imported from Italy. Construction began in 1897, and the mansion was opened after only two years of construction with a gala held on December 19, 1899.


The mansion was built on a property of 300 acres, and its ornamental gardens, covering 33 acres, were originally fashioned by head gardener William Kleinheinz. The gardens included a large fountain by [[Henri-Léon Gréber]], one of only two major surviving Gréber commissions in America.
The mansion was built on a property of 300 acres, and its ornamental gardens, covering 33 acres, were originally fashioned by head gardener William Kleinheinz. The gardens included a large fountain by [[Henri-Léon Gréber]], one of only two major surviving Gréber commissions in America.


=== After Peter A.B. Widener's death ===
Upon Peter A.B. Widener's death in 1915, the property passed to his son, [[Joseph E. Widener|Joseph]]. In 1916, the gardens were redesigned in the French style by [[Jacques Gréber]] (son of Henri-Léon), also master designer of the [[Benjamin Franklin Parkway]] and, later, the [[Exposition Internationale des Arts et Techniques dans la Vie Moderne|1937 Paris Exhibition]]. Boasting stables, greenhouses, a polo field, and a reservoir, the estate employed a staff of 100 at its peak.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Bonhams : The magnificent and important Widener French patinated bronze figural fountain depicting Tritons and Nereids |url=https://www.bonhams.com/auctions/13994/lot/1235/ |access-date=2024-05-24 |website=www.bonhams.com}}</ref>
Upon Peter A.B. Widener's death in 1915, the property passed to his son, [[Joseph E. Widener|Joseph]]. In 1916, the gardens were redesigned in the French style by [[Jacques Gréber]] (son of Henri-Léon), also master designer of the [[Benjamin Franklin Parkway]] and, later, the [[Exposition Internationale des Arts et Techniques dans la Vie Moderne|1937 Paris Exhibition]]. Boasting stables, greenhouses, a polo field, and a reservoir, the estate employed a staff of 100 at its peak.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Bonhams : The magnificent and important Widener French patinated bronze figural fountain depicting Tritons and Nereids |url=https://www.bonhams.com/auctions/13994/lot/1235/ |access-date=May 24, 2024 |website=www.bonhams.com}}</ref>


Joseph's son, [[Peter Arrell Browne Widener II|Peter A.B. Widener II]], was a passionate dog breeder, constructing extensive kennels on the property starting in 1920. As a result, the grounds were used for training [[Dogs in warfare|military dogs]] during [[World War II]]. Joseph Widener donated the estate's massive art collection to the National Gallery of Art in 1942, and upon his death one year later, and the southern part of the estate was sold for development in 1943.<ref name="autogenerated1">{{cite web |url=http://www.bonhams.com/cgi-bin/public.sh/pubweb/publicSite.r?sContinent=usa&screen=HeadlineDetails&iHeadlineNo=1733 |title=Magnificent Fountain to be Featured During Second Annual Garden Sale at Bonhams & Butterfields in San Francisco |publisher=Bonhams |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120308213104/http://www.bonhams.com/cgi-bin/public.sh/pubweb/publicSite.r?sContinent=usa&screen=HeadlineDetails&iHeadlineNo=1733 |archive-date=March 8, 2012 |access-date=January 5, 2019}}</ref> The house, its gardens, and its outlying buildings were sold shortly afterwards to a private buyer who hoped to turn the property into a Protestant seminary, when this buyer defaulted on his $99,000 mortage, the property was temporarily repossessed by the Wideners.<ref>{{Cite web |title=HISTORY |url=https://lynnewoodhallpreservation.org/history/ |access-date=2024-05-24 |website=Lynnewood Hall Preservation Foundation, Inc. |language=en-US}}</ref>
Joseph's son, [[Peter Arrell Browne Widener II|Peter A.B. Widener II]], was a passionate dog breeder, constructing extensive kennels on the property starting in 1920. As a result, the grounds were used for training [[Dogs in warfare|military dogs]] during [[World War II]]. Joseph Widener donated the estate's massive art collection to the National Gallery of Art in 1942, and upon his death one year later, the southern part of the estate was sold for development in 1943.<ref name="autogenerated1">{{cite web |url=http://www.bonhams.com/cgi-bin/public.sh/pubweb/publicSite.r?sContinent=usa&screen=HeadlineDetails&iHeadlineNo=1733 |title=Magnificent Fountain to be Featured During Second Annual Garden Sale at Bonhams & Butterfields in San Francisco |publisher=Bonhams |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120308213104/http://www.bonhams.com/cgi-bin/public.sh/pubweb/publicSite.r?sContinent=usa&screen=HeadlineDetails&iHeadlineNo=1733 |archive-date=March 8, 2012 |access-date=January 5, 2019}}</ref> The house, its gardens, and its outlying buildings were sold shortly afterwards to a private buyer who hoped to turn the property into a Protestant seminary, when this buyer defaulted on his $99,000 mortage, the property was temporarily repossessed by the Wideners.<ref>{{Cite web |title=HISTORY |url=https://lynnewoodhallpreservation.org/history/ |access-date=May 24, 2024 |website=Lynnewood Hall Preservation Foundation, Inc. |language=en-US}}</ref>


===Sale and seminary use===
Lynnewood Hall was purchased in 1952 by [[Faith Theological Seminary]], a Christian school of higher education headed by [[Carl McIntire]]. The purchase price was {{USD|192000|1952|round=-4}}.<ref name="PennLive">{{cite web |title=Want to buy a haunted house? ‘World’s biggest ghost house’ is up for sale in Pa. for $16M: report |url=https://www.pennlive.com/life/2020/10/want-to-buy-a-haunted-house-worlds-biggest-ghost-house-is-up-for-sale-in-pa-for-16m-report.html |website=pennlive |language=en |date=26 October 2020}}</ref>
Lynnewood Hall was purchased in 1952 by [[Faith Theological Seminary]], a Christian school of higher education headed by [[Carl McIntire]]. The purchase price was {{USD|192000|1952|round=-4}}.<ref name="PennLive">{{cite web |date=October 26, 2020 |title=Want to buy a haunted house? 'World's biggest ghost house' is up for sale in Pa. for $16M: report |url=https://www.pennlive.com/life/2020/10/want-to-buy-a-haunted-house-worlds-biggest-ghost-house-is-up-for-sale-in-pa-for-16m-report.html |website=pennlive |language=en}}</ref> The Seminary trained hundreds of ministers and Christian leaders at Lynnewood Hall for over 40 years. As the Seminary began to experience financial difficulties, it dismantled large parts of the mansion's interior, selling off what was severable.<ref name="PennLive" /> In 1996, the property was sold to the First Korean Church of New York, a [[Presbyterian Church (USA)|Presbyterian]]-affiliated church with ties to Faith Theological Seminary, in a [[Government auction|Sheriff's Sale]]. By the time of the property's purchase, all three of the remaining buildings on the property, Lynnewood Hall, Lynnewood Lodge, and the gatehouse, were in various states of dilapidation, with the gatehouse being fully abandoned. First Korean Church sought numerous times to turn the property back into a seminary and church, beginning in 1998, but failed to in a string of applications and lawsuits.[[File:Lynnewood Hall - Ballroom looking East, LHPF 2023.jpg|thumb|The mansion's ballroom in 2023]]In 2006, in ''First Korean Church of N.Y., Inc. v. Montgomery Cnty. Bd. of Assessment Appeals,'' the court found that the property had not demonstrably been used for religious or educational purposes since 1998. The church continued to sell off remaining parts of the property. In 2006, Lynnewood Hall's Gréber fountain was sold at auction.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bonhams.com/auctions/13994/lot/1235/|title=Bonhams : The magnificent and important Widener French patinated bronze figural fountain depicting Tritons and Nereids|website=www.bonhams.com}}</ref> After a final February 2012 ruling that First Korean Church did not qualify for a tax exemption, Dr. Richard S. Yoon, the church's president and pastor, gave an interview to the ''Philadelphia Inquirer'' where he stated his intent to finally relocate the church and end the legal battle.<ref name=":0">Court document, ''First Korean Church of New York, Inc. v. Cheltenham Township Zoning Hearing Board and Cheltenham Township'', Doc. No. 65-6389, February 29, 2012.</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Lin |first=Jennifer |date=July 20, 2013 |title='Last hope' for pastor's grand estate |url=https://www.inquirer.com/philly/news/local/20130721_Deciding_the_future_of_a_classic_mansion.html |access-date=May 24, 2024 |website=www.inquirer.com |language=en}}</ref>


===After sale===
=== Further sale and restoration ===
⚫
This property was on the market for $11,000,000<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.philipcurtisrealtor.com/newlisting/1000274697/A1-ASHBOURNE-RD-Elkins-Park-PA-19027|title=A1 ASHBOURNE RD, Elkins Park PA 19027}}</ref> in May 2019. Despite multiple offers above the asking price, the home remained unsold.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Elizabeth|first=Mary|last2=riotis|date=September 9, 2021|title=The Mysterious History of a $256 Million Mansion With Ties to the Titanic|url=https://www.housebeautiful.com/design-inspiration/a37528121/lynnewood-hall-256-million-mansion-titanic-abandoned/|access-date=September 20, 2021|website=House Beautiful|language=en-US}}</ref> A historical restoration architect estimated in 2014 that it would take about $50 million to restore the mansion to its former glory; however, Realtor Frank Johnson suggests the property could be renovated for $3 million to $8 million.<ref>{{cite web|title=Lynnewood Hall Renovation Costs|url=http://www.realtor.com/news/unique-homes/philadelphia-lynnewood-hall-massive-makeover/?aid=11921783&pid=7597981&cid=aff_cj_rdcandrental_allaffiliates_cj|website=Realtor.com|publisher=Luke Stangel|access-date=June 29, 2017|date=May 30, 2017}}</ref>
The Seminary trained hundreds of ministers and Christian leaders at Lynnewood Hall for over 40 years. As the Seminary began to experience financial difficulties, it dismantled large parts of the mansion's interior, selling off what was severable.<ref name="PennLive" /> In 1996, the property was sold to the First Korean Church of New York, a [[Presbyterian Church (USA)|Presbyterian]]-affiliated church with ties to Faith Theological Seminary, in a [[Government auction|Sheriff's Sale]]. By the time of the property's purchase, all three of the remaining buildings on the property, Lynnewood Hall, Lynnewood Lodge, and the gatehouse, were in various states of dilapidation, with the gatehouse being fully abandoned. First Korean Church sought numerous times to turn the property back into a seminary and church, beginning in 1998, but failed to in a string of applications and lawsuits.


⚫
On July 5, 2022, it was announced that Lynnewood Hall Preservation Foundation was established with the goal of acquiring "the Trumbauer-designed Widener Family Estate, a true architectural masterpiece, and see it restored to its former breathtaking glory."<ref>{{Cite web |last=Hass |first=Kimberly |title=Preservation Group Mobilizes to Save Lynnewood Hall |url=https://hiddencityphila.org/2022/07/preservation-group-mobilizes-to-save-lynnewood-hall/ |access-date=July 6, 2022 |website=Hidden City Philadelphia |language=en-US}}</ref>
In 2006, in ''First Korean Church of N.Y., Inc. v. Montgomery Cnty. Bd. of Assessment Appeals,'' the court found that the property had not demonstrably been used for religious or educational purposes since 1998. The church continued to sell off remaining parts of the property. In 2006, Lynnewood Hall's Gréber fountain was sold at auction.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bonhams.com/auctions/13994/lot/1235/|title=Bonhams : The magnificent and important Widener French patinated bronze figural fountain depicting Tritons and Nereids|website=www.bonhams.com}}</ref>
[[File:Lynnewood Hall - Ballroom looking East, LHPF 2023.jpg|thumb|The mansion's ballroom in 2023]]
After a final February 2012 ruling that First Korean Church did not qualify for a tax exemption, Dr. Richard S. Yoon, the church's president and pastor, gave an interview to the Philadelphia ''Inquirer'' where he stated his intent to finally relocate the church and end the legal battle.<ref name=":0">Court document, ''First Korean Church of New York, Inc. v. Cheltenham Township Zoning Hearing Board and Cheltenham Township'', Doc. No. 65-6389, February 29, 2012.</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Lin |first=Jennifer |date=2013-07-20 |title='Last hope' for pastor's grand estate |url=https://www.inquirer.com/philly/news/local/20130721_Deciding_the_future_of_a_classic_mansion.html |access-date=2024-05-24 |website=www.inquirer.com |language=en}}</ref>


⚫
On February 8, 2023, a purchase agreement was announced for the property by the foundation, with plans for the restored gardens to be open to the public as a park, and to fully restore the hall.<ref name=chlocal /> On June 27, 2023, the mansion's sale was finalized for $9 million, and ownership passed to the nonprofit Lynnewood Hall Preservation Foundation.<ref name="PI 2023-6-30">{{cite news |last1=Ladd |first1=Jenn |title=After almost a decade on the market, Lynnewood Hall in Elkins Park has been sold — and saved |url=https://www.inquirer.com/real-estate/lynnewood-hall-sold-gilded-age-mansion-elkins-park-philadelphia-20230630.html |work=Philadelphia Inquirer |date=June 30, 2023 |location=Philadelphia, Pennsylvania |language=English}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url= https://propertyrecords.montcopa.org/PT/Datalets/Datalet.aspx?mode=&UseSearch=no&pin=310000823001 |title=Montgomery County PA Property Records}}</ref> A music video for the song "Come on Heartache" by the band [[The Menzingers]] was filmed onsite at Lynnewood Hall in September 2023.<ref>{{cite web |last=Tanenbaum |first=Michael |date=September 21, 2023 |title=The Menzingers shot a music video at Lynnewood Hall, the Gilded Age mansion in Elkins Park |url=https://www.phillyvoice.com/menzingers-music-video-lynnewood-hall-gilded-age-mansion-elkins-park/ |access-date=November 3, 2024 |website=PhillyVoice}}</ref>
⚫
This property was on the market for $11,000,000<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.philipcurtisrealtor.com/newlisting/1000274697/A1-ASHBOURNE-RD-Elkins-Park-PA-19027|title=A1 ASHBOURNE RD, Elkins Park PA 19027}}</ref> in May 2019. Despite multiple offers above the asking price, the home remained unsold.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Elizabeth|first=Mary|last2=riotis|date=2021-09-09|title=The Mysterious History of a $256 Million Mansion With Ties to the Titanic|url=https://www.housebeautiful.com/design-inspiration/a37528121/lynnewood-hall-256-million-mansion-titanic-abandoned/|access-date=2021-09-20|website=House Beautiful|language=en-US}}</ref> A historical restoration architect estimated in 2014 that it would take about $50 million to restore the mansion to its former glory; however, Realtor Frank Johnson suggests the property could be renovated for $3 million to $8 million.<ref>{{cite web|title=Lynnewood Hall Renovation Costs|url=http://www.realtor.com/news/unique-homes/philadelphia-lynnewood-hall-massive-makeover/?aid=11921783&pid=7597981&cid=aff_cj_rdcandrental_allaffiliates_cj|website=Realtor.com|publisher=Luke Stangel|access-date=June 29, 2017|date=May 30, 2017}}</ref>

⚫
On July 5, 2022, it was announced that Lynnewood Hall Preservation Foundation was established with the goal of acquiring "the Trumbauer-designed Widener Family Estate, a true architectural masterpiece, and see it restored to its former breathtaking glory."<ref>{{Cite web |last=Hass |first=Kimberly |title=Preservation Group Mobilizes to Save Lynnewood Hall |url=https://hiddencityphila.org/2022/07/preservation-group-mobilizes-to-save-lynnewood-hall/ |access-date=2022-07-06 |website=Hidden City Philadelphia |language=en-US}}</ref>

⚫
On February 8, 2023, a purchase agreement was announced for the property by the foundation, with plans for the restored gardens to be open to the public as a park, and to fully restore the hall.<ref name=chlocal /> On June 27, 2023, the mansion's sale was completed for $9 million, and ownership passed to the nonprofit Lynnewood Hall Preservation Foundation.<ref name="PI 2023-6-30">{{cite news |last1=Ladd |first1=Jenn |title=After almost a decade on the market, Lynnewood Hall in Elkins Park has been sold — and saved |url=https://www.inquirer.com/real-estate/lynnewood-hall-sold-gilded-age-mansion-elkins-park-philadelphia-20230630.html |work=Philadelphia Inquirer |date=June 30, 2023 |location=Philadelphia, Pennsylvania |language=English}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url= https://propertyrecords.montcopa.org/PT/Datalets/Datalet.aspx?mode=&UseSearch=no&pin=310000823001 |title=Montgomery County PA Property Records}}</ref>

A music video for the song "Come on Heartache" by the band [[The Menzingers]] was filmed onsite at Lynnewood Hall in September 2023.


==References==
==References==
Line 88: Line 82:
==External links==
==External links==
{{Commons category|Lynnewood Hall}}
{{Commons category|Lynnewood Hall}}
*[https://lynnewoodhallpreservation.org/ Lynnewood Hall Preservation Foundation]
* [https://lynnewoodhallpreservation.org/ Lynnewood Hall Preservation Foundation]
*[http://lynnewoodhall.wordpress.com/ Site dedicated to Lynnewood Hall and its preservation.]
* [http://lynnewoodhall.wordpress.com/ Site dedicated to Lynnewood Hall and its preservation.]
*[http://historic-structures.com/pa/elkins_park/lynnewood_hall.php Historical Information]
* [http://historic-structures.com/pa/elkins_park/lynnewood_hall.php Historical Information]
*[https://digital.hagley.org/islandora/search/widener?type=edismax&islandora_solr_search_navigation=1&f%5B0%5D=RELS_EXT_isMemberOfCollection_uri_ms%3A%22info%5C%3Afedora%5C/islandora%5C%3A2007463%22 Historical aerial photos of the estate in the 1920s and 1930s]
* [https://digital.hagley.org/islandora/search/widener?type=edismax&islandora_solr_search_navigation=1&f%5B0%5D=RELS_EXT_isMemberOfCollection_uri_ms%3A%22info%5C%3Afedora%5C/islandora%5C%3A2007463%22 Historical aerial photos of the estate in the 1920s and 1930s]
*{{YouTube|qqgNzXRX_jM|"Lynnewood Hall"}} (aerial video)
* {{YouTube|qqgNzXRX_jM|"Lynnewood Hall"}} (aerial video)
*{{HABS |survey=PA-6146 |id=pa3158 |title=Lynnewood Hall, 920 Spring Avenue, Elkins Park, Montgomery County, PA |photos=9 |data=9 |cap=1}}
* {{HABS |survey=PA-6146 |id=pa3158 |title=Lynnewood Hall, 920 Spring Avenue, Elkins Park, Montgomery County, PA |photos=9 |data=9 |cap=1}}


{{Cheltenham}}
{{Cheltenham}}

Latest revision as of 22:46, 26 November 2024

Lynnewood Hall
Pictured in October 2023
Map
General information
Architectural styleNeoclassical Revival
Address920 Spring Ave.
Town or cityElkins Park, Pennsylvania
CountryUSA
Coordinates40°4′30.67″N 75°8′27.01″W / 40.0751861°N 75.1408361°W / 40.0751861; -75.1408361
Construction started1897
Completed1899
Cost$8 million
(equivalent to $293 million in 2023)
ClientPeter A. B. Widener
OwnerLynnewood Hall Preservation Foundation (purchased from First Korean Church of New York in 2023)
Technical details
Floor area109,848 square feet (10,205.2 m2)
Design and construction
Architect(s)Horace Trumbauer

Lynnewood Hall is a 110-room Neoclassical Revival mansion in Elkins Park, Pennsylvania. It was designed by architect Horace Trumbauer for industrialist Peter A. B. Widener and built between 1897 and 1899. Lynnewood Hall is the second largest surviving Gilded Age mansion in the United States and once housed the most significant and diverse collection of art in American history, additionally recognized as one of the most important collections of Western European Art in world history. The collection had been assembled by Widener and his younger son, Joseph E. Widener.

Peter Widener died at Lynnewood Hall at the age of 80 on November 6, 1915, after prolonged poor health.[1] He was predeceased by his elder son George Dunton Widener and grandson Harry Elkins Widener, both of whom died when RMS Titanic sank in 1912. The structure changed hands a few times over the subsequent decades, with large portions of the estate grounds sold off in the 1940s, and has been predominantly vacant since 1952, when it was purchased by a Presbyterian seminary.

As of 2023 it is being renovated by the Lynnewood Hall Preservation Foundation, which announced a purchase agreement for the estate in February 2023.[2]

Description

[edit]

Built from Indiana limestone, the T-shaped Lynnewood Hall (dubbed "The last of the American Versailles" by Widener's grandson) measures 268 feet (82 m) long by 215 feet (66 m) deep.[3] In addition to 55 bedrooms, the 110-room mansion had a large art gallery, a ballroom large enough for 1,000 guests, swimming pool, wine cellars, a farm, carpentry and upholstery studios, and an electrical power plant. The estate originally encompassed 300 acres, upon 33 of which a fenced ornamental garden was constructed. The fenced area includes a gatehouse and smaller Lynnewood Lodge (also known as Conklin Hall), built in the same style as the mansion. The mansion's grounds have remained contiguous since the 1952 sale.[4]

A 2014 article in The Philadelphia Inquirer described the mansion as "dripping with silk, velvet, and gilded moldings, the rooms furnished with chairs from Louis XV's palace, Persian rugs, and Chinese pottery, the halls crammed with art by Raphael, Rembrandt, El Greco, van Dyck, Donatello."[5] TIME magazine published an account of a lavish party held at Lynnewood Hall in 1932.[6]

Art collection

[edit]
A 1917 portrait of the Raphael Room at Lynnewood Hall by William Bruce Ellis Ranken

From 1915 to 1940, the spectacular art collection at Lynnewood Hall was open to the public by appointment between June and October.

In 1942, Joseph E. Widener donated more than 2,000 sculptures, paintings, decorative art works, and porcelains to the National Gallery of Art. P.A.B. Widener had originally planned for the collection to go to the Philadelphia Museum of Art. The paintings included Raphael's Small Cowper Madonna, Bellini's The Feast of the Gods, eight van Dycks, two Vermeers, fourteen Rembrandts, and a series of portraits by Gainsborough and Reynolds.[7] The sculptures included Donatello's David and Desiderio da Settignano's St John the Baptist.[7][8]

History

[edit]

Construction and early years

[edit]

By the time Horace Trumbauer was commissioned by Peter A.B. Widener to build Lynnewood Hall, Trumbauer had already designed the Widener family's Philadelphia townhome and house in New York City. Trumbauer collaborated with the French firm Carlhian et Fils to design the mansion's interiors, utilizing large amounts of salvaged European furniture, tapestries, and rooms. The mansion's 18th-century ballroom, one of the largest on the eastern seaboard, was imported from Italy. Construction began in 1897, and the mansion was opened after only two years of construction with a gala held on December 19, 1899.

The mansion was built on a property of 300 acres, and its ornamental gardens, covering 33 acres, were originally fashioned by head gardener William Kleinheinz. The gardens included a large fountain by Henri-Léon Gréber, one of only two major surviving Gréber commissions in America.

After Peter A.B. Widener's death

[edit]

Upon Peter A.B. Widener's death in 1915, the property passed to his son, Joseph. In 1916, the gardens were redesigned in the French style by Jacques Gréber (son of Henri-Léon), also master designer of the Benjamin Franklin Parkway and, later, the 1937 Paris Exhibition. Boasting stables, greenhouses, a polo field, and a reservoir, the estate employed a staff of 100 at its peak.[9]

Joseph's son, Peter A.B. Widener II, was a passionate dog breeder, constructing extensive kennels on the property starting in 1920. As a result, the grounds were used for training military dogs during World War II. Joseph Widener donated the estate's massive art collection to the National Gallery of Art in 1942, and upon his death one year later, the southern part of the estate was sold for development in 1943.[10] The house, its gardens, and its outlying buildings were sold shortly afterwards to a private buyer who hoped to turn the property into a Protestant seminary, when this buyer defaulted on his $99,000 mortage, the property was temporarily repossessed by the Wideners.[11]

Sale and seminary use

[edit]

Lynnewood Hall was purchased in 1952 by Faith Theological Seminary, a Christian school of higher education headed by Carl McIntire. The purchase price was US$192,000 (equivalent to $2,200,000 in 2023).[12] The Seminary trained hundreds of ministers and Christian leaders at Lynnewood Hall for over 40 years. As the Seminary began to experience financial difficulties, it dismantled large parts of the mansion's interior, selling off what was severable.[12] In 1996, the property was sold to the First Korean Church of New York, a Presbyterian-affiliated church with ties to Faith Theological Seminary, in a Sheriff's Sale. By the time of the property's purchase, all three of the remaining buildings on the property, Lynnewood Hall, Lynnewood Lodge, and the gatehouse, were in various states of dilapidation, with the gatehouse being fully abandoned. First Korean Church sought numerous times to turn the property back into a seminary and church, beginning in 1998, but failed to in a string of applications and lawsuits.

The mansion's ballroom in 2023

In 2006, in First Korean Church of N.Y., Inc. v. Montgomery Cnty. Bd. of Assessment Appeals, the court found that the property had not demonstrably been used for religious or educational purposes since 1998. The church continued to sell off remaining parts of the property. In 2006, Lynnewood Hall's Gréber fountain was sold at auction.[13] After a final February 2012 ruling that First Korean Church did not qualify for a tax exemption, Dr. Richard S. Yoon, the church's president and pastor, gave an interview to the Philadelphia Inquirer where he stated his intent to finally relocate the church and end the legal battle.[4][14]

Further sale and restoration

[edit]

This property was on the market for $11,000,000[15] in May 2019. Despite multiple offers above the asking price, the home remained unsold.[16] A historical restoration architect estimated in 2014 that it would take about $50 million to restore the mansion to its former glory; however, Realtor Frank Johnson suggests the property could be renovated for $3 million to $8 million.[17]

On July 5, 2022, it was announced that Lynnewood Hall Preservation Foundation was established with the goal of acquiring "the Trumbauer-designed Widener Family Estate, a true architectural masterpiece, and see it restored to its former breathtaking glory."[18]

On February 8, 2023, a purchase agreement was announced for the property by the foundation, with plans for the restored gardens to be open to the public as a park, and to fully restore the hall.[2] On June 27, 2023, the mansion's sale was finalized for $9 million, and ownership passed to the nonprofit Lynnewood Hall Preservation Foundation.[19][20] A music video for the song "Come on Heartache" by the band The Menzingers was filmed onsite at Lynnewood Hall in September 2023.[21]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "P.A.B. Widener, Capitalist, Dies". The New York Times. November 7, 1915. Retrieved January 5, 2019.
  2. ^ a b Robinson, Carla. "Purchase agreement reached for historic Lynnewood Hall: Pottstown investor funds Gilded Age mansion's preservation foundation". The Chestnut Hill Local. Retrieved February 9, 2023.
  3. ^ "Peter A.B. Widener Dead". Boston Evening Transcript. November 6, 1915. Retrieved January 5, 2019 – via Google News Archive.
  4. ^ a b Court document, First Korean Church of New York, Inc. v. Cheltenham Township Zoning Hearing Board and Cheltenham Township, Doc. No. 65-6389, February 29, 2012.
  5. ^ Parks, Jessica (August 11, 2014). "The clock is ticking for Lynnewood Hall". The Philadelphia Inquirer. Archived from the original on August 13, 2014.
  6. ^ "Business: Party at Lynnewood". Time. October 24, 1932 – via content.time.com.
  7. ^ a b Quodbach, Esmée (2002). ""The Last of the American Versailles": The Widener Collection at Lynnewood Hall". Simiolus: Netherlands Quarterly for the History of Art. 1/2 (1/2): 42–96. doi:10.2307/3780924. JSTOR 3780924.
  8. ^ "Provenance". www.nga.gov. Retrieved May 24, 2024.
  9. ^ "Bonhams : The magnificent and important Widener French patinated bronze figural fountain depicting Tritons and Nereids". www.bonhams.com. Retrieved May 24, 2024.
  10. ^ "Magnificent Fountain to be Featured During Second Annual Garden Sale at Bonhams & Butterfields in San Francisco". Bonhams. Archived from the original on March 8, 2012. Retrieved January 5, 2019.
  11. ^ "HISTORY". Lynnewood Hall Preservation Foundation, Inc. Retrieved May 24, 2024.
  12. ^ a b "Want to buy a haunted house? 'World's biggest ghost house' is up for sale in Pa. for $16M: report". pennlive. October 26, 2020.
  13. ^ "Bonhams : The magnificent and important Widener French patinated bronze figural fountain depicting Tritons and Nereids". www.bonhams.com.
  14. ^ Lin, Jennifer (July 20, 2013). "'Last hope' for pastor's grand estate". www.inquirer.com. Retrieved May 24, 2024.
  15. ^ "A1 ASHBOURNE RD, Elkins Park PA 19027".
  16. ^ Elizabeth, Mary; riotis (September 9, 2021). "The Mysterious History of a $256 Million Mansion With Ties to the Titanic". House Beautiful. Retrieved September 20, 2021.
  17. ^ "Lynnewood Hall Renovation Costs". Realtor.com. Luke Stangel. May 30, 2017. Retrieved June 29, 2017.
  18. ^ Hass, Kimberly. "Preservation Group Mobilizes to Save Lynnewood Hall". Hidden City Philadelphia. Retrieved July 6, 2022.
  19. ^ Ladd, Jenn (June 30, 2023). "After almost a decade on the market, Lynnewood Hall in Elkins Park has been sold — and saved". Philadelphia Inquirer. Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
  20. ^ "Montgomery County PA Property Records".
  21. ^ Tanenbaum, Michael (September 21, 2023). "The Menzingers shot a music video at Lynnewood Hall, the Gilded Age mansion in Elkins Park". PhillyVoice. Retrieved November 3, 2024.
[edit]
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