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Coordinates: 42°49′S 173°16′E / 42.81°S 173.26°E / -42.81; 173.26
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{{Short description|Earthquake in New Zealand}}
⚫
{{Use New Zealand English|date=June 2024}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2024}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2024}}
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{{Use New Zealand English|date=January 2024}}
{{Infobox earthquake
|title= 1901 Cheviot earthquake
|map2= {{Location map| New Zealand
|position=none
|lat =-42.81
|long =173.26
|width=250
|float=center
|mark=Bullseye1.svg
|marksize=40
|caption=
|relief=yes
}}
|timestamp= 1901-11-15 20:15
|local-date= {{start-date|16 November 1901}}
|local-time=07:47 NZT
|anss-url=n/a
|isc-event=16957744
|magnitude=6.9
|depth=33 km
|countries affected= [[South Island]], New Zealand
|casualties=1 death
}}
The '''1901 Cheviot earthquake''' occurred at 07:47 NZT on 16 November 1901 (20:15 15 November [[Coordinated Universal Time|UTC]])<ref name="Utsu">{{Cite web |url=https://iisee.kenken.go.jp/utsu/utsuweq_bak_eng.html |title=Catalog of Damaging Earthquakes in the World (Through 2013) |publisher=IISEE |access-date=14 May 2019}}</ref> with an estimated magnitude of 6.9, centred near the township of [[Cheviot, New Zealand|Cheviot]] in the [[Canterbury, New Zealand|Canterbury]] region of New Zealand.


== Damage and casualties ==
Sources:<ref>{{Cite news |last=Gorman |first=Paul |date=26 September 2020 |title=The day the earth moved |url=https://www.odt.co.nz/lifestyle/magazine/day-earth-moved |access-date=14 June 2024 |work=[[The Otago Daily Times]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Adams |first=R. D. |last2=Kean |first2=R. J. |date=1974-09-30 |title=The Dunedin earthquake, 9 April 1974: Part 1: seismological studies |url=https://bulletin.nzsee.org.nz/index.php/bnzsee/article/view/1230 |journal=Bulletin of the New Zealand Society for Earthquake Engineering |language=en |volume=7 |issue=3 |pages=115–122 |doi=10.5459/bnzsee.7.3.115-122 |issn=2324-1543}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=The Dunedin Earthquake, 9 April 1974 Part 1 |url=https://bulletin.nzsee.org.nz/index.php/bnzsee/article/view/1230/1194 |access-date=14 June 2024 |website=New Zealand Society for Earthquake Engineering}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=March 2005 |title=Seismic Risk in the Otago Region |url=https://www.orc.govt.nz/media/2907/seismic-risk-in-the-otago-region-with-maps.pdf |access-date=14 June 2024 |website=[[Otago Regional Council]]}}</ref>
[[File:McTaggart's butcher shop after earthquake, Cheviot.jpg|thumb|left|McTaggart's butcher shop in Cheviot after the earthquake]]
A baby was killed when a sod hut collapsed.<ref>{{citation|title=This Week in History|url=http://data.gns.cri.nz/hazardwatch/2004_11_01_historyarch.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100819070148/http://data.gns.cri.nz/hazardwatch/2004_11_01_historyarch.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=19 August 2010|publisher=GNS Science}}</ref> Other casualties in the Canterbury region are not known.


The top of [[ChristChurch Cathedral]]'s spire fell, as had occurred in the [[1888 North Canterbury earthquake]]. Its stone structure was subsequently replaced with a more resilient design.
== Earthquake ==
Dunedin was hit by an earthquake at about 7.49pm on 9 April 1974.<ref name=":1">{{Cite news |last=Gorman |first=Paul |date=14 July 2016 |title=Could Dunedin be hit by a large, local earthquake? |url=https://www.stuff.co.nz/science/81763237/could-dunedin-be-hit-by-a-large-local-earthquake |access-date=14 June 2024 |work=[[Stuff (website)|Stuff]]}}</ref> Another earthquake struck the city a few seconds later, which was longer and stronger.<ref name=":1" /> It was magnitude 4.9 and measured VIII (''severe'') on the [[Modified Mercalli intensity scale]],<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Littlewood |first=Matthew |date=8 April 2024 |title=Information event to commemorate earthquake |url=https://www.odt.co.nz/news/dunedin/information-event-commemorate-earthquake |access-date=14 June 2024 |website=[[Otago Daily Times]] |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Magnitude 4.9, Tue Apr 9 1974 7:49 PM |url=https://www.geonet.org.nz/earthquake/1555709 |access-date=14 June 2024 |website=[[GeoNet]] |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite news |date=18 September 2010 |title=The last good shake |url=https://www.odt.co.nz/lifestyle/magazine/last-good-shake |access-date=14 June 2024 |work=[[Otago Daily Times]]}}</ref> and had an epicentre that was offshore, about 5 kilometres south of the suburb of [[St Clair, New Zealand|St Clair]],<ref name=":1" /> and had a depth of 12 kilometres.<ref name=":2" /> This one caused power outages and chimneys to fall down,<ref name=":1" /> and an overloaded telephone system.<ref name=":2" /> There were several aftershocks with a magnitude 3.7 following this.<ref name=":1" /> It took about 45 minutes for power to be restored to [[Corstorphine, New Zealand|Corstorphine]].<ref name=":2" />


Observations of sand blows ([[sand volcano]]) and lateral spreading, consistent with [[soil liquefaction]] phenomena in the township of [[Kaiapoi]] were reported in local newspapers in a two to three block area at the eastern end of Charles and Sewell Streets on the north bank of the Kaiapoi River, in addition to similar effects observed on the opposing river bank, and the road to Belfast.<ref>{{cite journal|author=Berrill, J.B.|author2=Mulqueen, P.C.|author3=Ooi E.T.C.|title=Liquefaction at Kaiapoi in the 1901 Cheviot, New Zealand, Earthquake.|journal=Bulletin of the New Zealand National Society for Earthquake Engineering|year=1994|volume=27|issue=3 |pages=178–189|doi=10.5459/bnzsee.27.3.178-189 |doi-access=free}}</ref>
The Earthquake and War Damage Commission received about 3,000 damage claims,<ref name=":1" /> and paid out about $3.5 million (in 2024 terms), which was mainly from falling chimneys and masonry.<ref name=":0" /> Damage was minor.<ref name=":2" />


== References ==
== Gallery ==
<gallery>
File:1901 Cheviot earthquake 173644.jpg|Damage to a house
File:1901 Cheviot earthquake 133894.jpg|Interior damage
File:1901 Cheviot earthquake 173655.jpg|Building damage
File:Road from Cheviot to Port Robinson.jpg|Cracks in the road to [[Port Robinson (New Zealand)|Port Robinson]]
</gallery>

==See also==
*[[List of earthquakes in 1901]]
*[[List of earthquakes in New Zealand]]

==References==
{{Commons category}}
{{Reflist}}
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
*{{cite news|url=https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/OW19011127.2.114.3?end_date=01-12-1930&query=Cheviot&start_date=01-01-1900&type=ILLUSTRATION |title= School interior after earthquake (photo)|work=[[Otago Witness]]|date=27 November 1901 }}
*{{cite news|url=https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/OW19011127.2.114.7?end_date=01-12-1930&query=Cheviot&start_date=01-01-1900&type=ILLUSTRATION |title= McTaggart's shop (photo of front) |work=[[Otago Witness]]|date=27 November 1901 }}
*{{cite news|url=https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/OW19011127.2.114.1?end_date=01-12-1930&query=Cheviot&start_date=01-01-1900&type=ILLUSTRATION |title= McTaggart's shop (photo of back) |work=[[Otago Witness]]|date=27 November 1901 }}
*{{cite news|url=https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/TO19011130.2.11.1?end_date=01-12-1930&page=2&query=Cheviot&start_date=01-01-1900&type=ILLUSTRATION |title= Cartoon: Who are you? |work=Observer |date=30 November 1901 }}
*{{cite news|url=https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/TO19011130.2.2.1?end_date=01-12-1930&page=3&query=Cheviot&start_date=01-01-1900&type=ILLUSTRATION |title= Cartoon: Hon Hall-Jones contemplating the ruins |work=Observer |date=30 November 1901 }}
*{{cite news|url=https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/TO19011123.2.7.1?end_date=01-12-1930&page=4&query=Cheviot&start_date=01-01-1900&type=ILLUSTRATION |title= Cartoon: Another injustice to Auckland by Dick Seddon! |work=Observer |date=23 November 1901 }}

{{Earthquakes in New Zealand}}
{{Christchurch earthquakes}}
{{Earthquakes in 1901}}

{{Coord|42.81|S|173.26|E|display=title}}

[[:Category:Hurunui District]]
[[:Category:Earthquakes in New Zealand|1901 Cheviot earthquake]]
[[:Category:1901 in New Zealand|Cheviot Earthquake, 1901]]
[[:Category:1901 earthquakes|Cheviot Earthquake, 1901]]
[[:Category:History of the Canterbury Region]]
[[:Category:November 1901 events]]

Latest revision as of 06:29, 6 December 2024

1901 Cheviot earthquake
Panamitsu/sandbox is located in New Zealand
Panamitsu/sandbox
UTC time1901-11-15 20:15
ISC event16957744
USGS-ANSSn/a
Local date16 November 1901 (1901-11-16)
Local time07:47 NZT
Magnitude6.9
Depth33 km
Areas affectedSouth Island, New Zealand
Casualties1 death

The 1901 Cheviot earthquake occurred at 07:47 NZT on 16 November 1901 (20:15 15 November UTC)[1] with an estimated magnitude of 6.9, centred near the township of Cheviot in the Canterbury region of New Zealand.

Damage and casualties

[edit]
McTaggart's butcher shop in Cheviot after the earthquake

A baby was killed when a sod hut collapsed.[2] Other casualties in the Canterbury region are not known.

The top of ChristChurch Cathedral's spire fell, as had occurred in the 1888 North Canterbury earthquake. Its stone structure was subsequently replaced with a more resilient design.

Observations of sand blows (sand volcano) and lateral spreading, consistent with soil liquefaction phenomena in the township of Kaiapoi were reported in local newspapers in a two to three block area at the eastern end of Charles and Sewell Streets on the north bank of the Kaiapoi River, in addition to similar effects observed on the opposing river bank, and the road to Belfast.[3]

[edit]
  • Damage to a house
    Damage to a house
  • Interior damage
    Interior damage
  • Building damage
    Building damage
  • Cracks in the road to Port Robinson
    Cracks in the road to Port Robinson

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Panamitsu/sandbox.
  1. ^ "Catalog of Damaging Earthquakes in the World (Through 2013)". IISEE. Retrieved 14 May 2019.
  2. ^ This Week in History, GNS Science, archived from the original on 19 August 2010
  3. ^ Berrill, J.B.; Mulqueen, P.C.; Ooi E.T.C. (1994). "Liquefaction at Kaiapoi in the 1901 Cheviot, New Zealand, Earthquake". Bulletin of the New Zealand National Society for Earthquake Engineering. 27 (3): 178–189. doi:10.5459/bnzsee.27.3.178-189.
[edit]

42°49′S 173°16′E / 42.81°S 173.26°E / -42.81; 173.26

Category:Hurunui District 1901 Cheviot earthquake Cheviot Earthquake, 1901 Cheviot Earthquake, 1901 Category:History of the Canterbury Region Category:November 1901 events

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