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Coordinates: 17°50′50″S 149°16′2″W / 17.84722°S 149.26722°W / -17.84722; -149.26722
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→References: - clean up many references; note also per some of the references that the name of the place refers to skulls, but because of a battle, not because of surfing.
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|name = Teahupo{{okina}}o
|name = Teahupo{{okina}}o
|INSEE = 987
|INSEE = 987
|postal code =
|postal code = 98723
|type = [[Associated communes of France|Associated commune]]
|type = [[Associated communes of France|Associated commune]]
|commune = Taiarapu-Ouest
|commune = Taiarapu-Ouest
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== Village ==
== Village ==
The village of Teahupoʻo has a population of roughly 1,500.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web |date=2024-02-21 |title=AP PHOTOS: In Teahupo'o, Tahiti, coastal village life thrives among powerful waves |url=https://apnews.com/article/teahupoo-tahiti-village-life-surfing-photos-902555e439a1572a35f316c6a7abdd92 |access-date=2024-07-29 |website=AP News |language=en}}</ref> The village has a single, one-lane road.<ref name=":3" /><ref name=":1" />
The village of Teahupoʻo has a population of roughly 1,500.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web |date=2024-02-21 |title=AP PHOTOS: In Teahupo'o, Tahiti, coastal village life thrives among powerful waves |url=https://apnews.com/article/teahupoo-tahiti-village-life-surfing-photos-902555e439a1572a35f316c6a7abdd92 |access-date=2024-07-29 |website=AP News |language=en}}</ref> The village has a single, one-lane road.<ref name=":3" /><ref name=":1" /> The village's population has been significantly affected by a radioactivity generated in a [[1971–74 French nuclear tests|1974 French test of a nuclear bomb]].<ref>{{Cite news |last1=Beech |first1=Hannah |last2=Ferguson |first2=Adam |date=2024-07-30 |title=Olympic Surfing Comes to a 'Poisoned' Paradise |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/30/world/olympics/olympics-tahiti-nuclear-testing.html |access-date=2024-08-12 |work=The New York Times |language=en-US |url-access=subscription}}</ref>


== Surf ==
== Surf ==
{{More citations needed section|date=July 2024}}
{{More citations needed section|date=July 2024}}
Teahupo{{okina}}o is known for its [[surf break]] and resulting heavy, glassy [[Ocean surface wave|waves]], often reaching {{convert|2|to|3|m|ft|0|abbr=on}}, and sometimes up to {{convert|7|m|ft|0|abbr=on}}. Because of the regularity and size of its waves, it hosts the annual [[Billabong (clothing)|Billabong]] Pro Tahiti surf competition (part of the [[World championship tour (WCT) surfing|World Championship Tour (WCT)]] surfing circuit) and the 2024 [[Surfing at the 2024 Summer Olympics|Olympic surfing]] competition.
Teahupo{{okina}}o is known for its [[surf break]] and resulting heavy, glassy [[Ocean surface wave|waves]], often reaching {{convert|2|to|3|m|ft|0|abbr=on}}, and sometimes up to {{convert|7|m|ft|0|abbr=on}}. Because of the regularity and size of its waves, it hosts the annual [[Billabong Pro Teahupoo]] surf competition (part of the [[World championship tour (WCT) surfing|World Championship Tour (WCT)]] surfing circuit) and the 2024 [[Surfing at the 2024 Summer Olympics|Olympic surfing]] competition.


Teahupoʻo is a pillow break. The swells mainly break backwards{{clarify|date=June 2024}}, but the outer reef also creates left breaks that [[surfer]]s must be cautious of when paddling out. Teahupoʻo is renowned for the consistent number of [[Tube riding|barrels]] it delivers. It is a rewarding location and is widely regarded as being on the 'must-surf' list of every enthusiastic surfer. However, only experienced surfers in peak physical condition should attempt Teahupoʻo; heavy waves combined with a shallow pillow can result in serious injury and even swimming in a [[:wikt:wipeout|wipeout]].
Teahupoʻo is a pillow break. The swells mainly break backwards{{clarify|date=June 2024}}, but the outer reef also creates left breaks that [[surfer]]s must be cautious of when paddling out. Teahupoʻo is renowned for the consistent number of [[Tube riding|barrels]] it delivers. It is a rewarding location and is widely regarded as being on the 'must-surf' list of every enthusiastic surfer. However, only experienced surfers in peak physical condition should attempt Teahupoʻo; heavy waves combined with a shallow pillow can result in serious injury and even swimming in a [[:wikt:wipeout|wipeout]].


Teahupoʻo's reputation for wave riding is partly due to its unique form. An extremely shallow [[coral reef]], which ranges up to 20&nbsp;inches (51&nbsp;cm) beneath the water's surface, is responsible for a very hollow-breaking wave. The wave's unique shape, with an effect of almost breaking below sea level, is due to the shape of the reef beneath the wave. Its semi circular nature, which drops down sharply creates a 'below water' effect and the extreme angles in descent create an instant instability to the wave. A steep wall of reef causes the entire mass to fold onto a scalloped semi circle breaking arc.<ref name="anatomy">{{cite web |title=Teahupoo – Anatomy Of A Monster |url=http://www.surfingatlas.com/articles/teahupoo_anatomy_of_a_monster |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090522002553/http://www.surfingatlas.com/articles/teahupoo_anatomy_of_a_monster |archive-date=2009-05-22 |access-date=2011-11-11 |work=SurfingAtlas.com}}</ref> The wave bends and races along into a dry reef closeout and the lip of the wave is often as thick as it is tall.<ref name="A-Z" />
Teahupoʻo's reputation for wave riding is partly due to its unique form. An extremely shallow [[coral reef]], which ranges up to 20&nbsp;inches (51&nbsp;cm) beneath the water's surface, is responsible for a very hollow-breaking wave. The wave's unique shape, with an effect of almost breaking below sea level, is due to the shape of the reef beneath the wave. This is semi-circular, and drops down sharply, creating a 'below water' effect; the extreme angles in descent create an instant instability to the wave. A steep wall of reef causes the entire mass to fold onto a scalloped semi circle breaking arc.<ref name="anatomy">{{cite web |title=Teahupoo – Anatomy Of A Monster |url=http://www.surfingatlas.com/articles/teahupoo_anatomy_of_a_monster |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090522002553/http://www.surfingatlas.com/articles/teahupoo_anatomy_of_a_monster |archive-date=2009-05-22 |access-date=2011-11-11 |work=SurfingAtlas.com}}</ref> The wave bends and races along into a dry reef closeout and the lip of the wave is often as thick as it is tall.<ref name="A-Z" />


==Surfing history==
==Surfing history==
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The competition returned the following year under the name Gotcha Tahiti Pro; a women's division was added (won by [[Keala Kennelly]] of Hawaiʻi); and the competition ended in chaos when Hawaiʻi's Conan Hayes, the apparent winner after fearlessly charging through a series of Teahupoʻo barrels, was announced as runner-up behind Australia's [[Koby Abberton]]. Hayes stormed off the presentation stage and later said he had put his "life on the line and got robbed." Also, the judge’s tower, built on the reef itself, collapsed in the middle of the event. The event attracted worldwide attention and was featured in an ever-increasing number of surf videos. ''[[Tracks (magazine)|Tracks]]'' magazine published an 18-page article and a photo of Teahupoʻo was used for the cover of the issue titled "The Heaviest Contest Ever! Aussies face death in Tahitian perfection".
The competition returned the following year under the name Gotcha Tahiti Pro; a women's division was added (won by [[Keala Kennelly]] of Hawaiʻi); and the competition ended in chaos when Hawaiʻi's Conan Hayes, the apparent winner after fearlessly charging through a series of Teahupoʻo barrels, was announced as runner-up behind Australia's [[Koby Abberton]]. Hayes stormed off the presentation stage and later said he had put his "life on the line and got robbed." Also, the judge’s tower, built on the reef itself, collapsed in the middle of the event. The event attracted worldwide attention and was featured in an ever-increasing number of surf videos. ''[[Tracks (magazine)|Tracks]]'' magazine published an 18-page article and a photo of Teahupoʻo was used for the cover of the issue titled "The Heaviest Contest Ever! Aussies face death in Tahitian perfection".


The 1999 Gotcha Tahiti Pro was elevated to World Championship Tour status and became a pro tour sensation. The biggest waves have mostly continued to roll in without takers, and Surfer magazine described Teahupoo as "a still-unconquered field of play." Australians Kate Skarratt and [[Mark Occhilupo]] won; Occhilupo was on his way to a world title. On the eve of the third edition, the judges' scaffolding collapsed again. Six-time world champion Kelly Slater of Florida came out of semi-retirement to win the men's division; Keala Kennelly won the women's title. The competition was renamed Billabong's Pro Teahupoo in 2001.
The 1999 Gotcha Tahiti Pro was elevated to World Championship Tour status and became a pro tour sensation. The biggest waves have mostly continued to roll in without takers, and Surfer magazine described Teahupoo as "a still-unconquered field of play." Australians Kate Skarratt and [[Mark Occhilupo]] won; Occhilupo was on his way to a world title. On the eve of the third edition, the judges' scaffolding collapsed again. Six-time world champion Kelly Slater of Florida came out of semi-retirement to win the men's division; Keala Kennelly won the women's title. The competition was renamed [[Billabong (clothing)|Billabong]]'s Pro Teahupoo in 2001.


=== Notable rides ===
=== Notable rides ===
On August 17, 2000, [[Laird Hamilton]] is credited with surfing the "heaviest wave" ever ridden,<ref name="A-Z">{{cite web |author=Borte |first=Jason |date=2001-01-28 |title=Teahupoo |url=http://www.surfline.com/surfaz/surfaz.cfm?id=925 |access-date=December 1, 2010 |work=Surfline: Surfing A-Z}}</ref> documented in the film ''[[Riding Giants]]''. In 2003 the late [[Malik Joyeux]] successfully rode one of the largest waves ever ridden.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://thefactstory.com/malik-joyeux/ |title=Malik Joyeux Surfing The Big One |publisher=The FactStory |date= |access-date=4 January 2024}}</ref> Nathan Florence, younger brother of two-time [[World Surf League]] champion [[John John Florence]], caught in May 2015 what some have considered to have been the biggest wave ever successfully paddled in Teahupoʻo.<ref name="Morgan">{{cite web |last=Williamson |first=Morgan |title=Heavyweights discuss Nate Florence and the best Teahupoo wave ever paddled |year=2015 |url=https://stabmag.com/news/nate-florence-and-the-best-teahupoo-wave-ever-paddled/ }}</ref> [[Keala Kennelly]] was the first woman to tow-surf Teahupoʻo in May 2005, getting a 10-foot barrel ahead of the Billabong Tahiti Pro contest.<ref>''[[Tracks (magazine)|Tracks]]'' magazine, August 2005, {{ISSN|1032-3317}}.</ref>
On August 17, 2000, [[Laird Hamilton]] is credited with surfing the "heaviest wave" ever ridden,<ref name="A-Z">{{cite web |author=Borte |first=Jason |date=2001-01-28 |title=Teahupoo |url=http://www.surfline.com/surfaz/surfaz.cfm?id=925 |access-date=December 1, 2010 |work=Surfline: Surfing A-Z}}</ref> documented in the film ''[[Riding Giants]]''. In 2003 the late [[Malik Joyeux]] successfully rode one of the largest waves ever ridden.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://thefactstory.com/malik-joyeux/ |title=Malik Joyeux Surfing The Big One |publisher=The FactStory |date= |access-date=4 January 2024}}</ref> Nathan Florence, younger brother of three-time [[World Surf League]] champion [[John John Florence]], caught in May 2015 what some have considered to have been the biggest wave ever successfully paddled in Teahupoʻo.<ref name="Morgan">{{cite web |last=Williamson |first=Morgan |title=Heavyweights discuss Nate Florence and the best Teahupoo wave ever paddled |year=2015 |url=https://stabmag.com/news/nate-florence-and-the-best-teahupoo-wave-ever-paddled/ }}</ref> [[Keala Kennelly]] was the first woman to tow-surf Teahupoʻo in May 2005, getting a 10-foot barrel ahead of the Billabong Tahiti Pro contest.<ref>''[[Tracks (magazine)|Tracks]]'' magazine, August 2005, {{ISSN|1032-3317}}.</ref>


=== Non-surfing rides ===
=== Non-surfing rides ===
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=== Injuries and death ===
=== Injuries and death ===
The name {{lang|ty|Teahupoʻo}} loosely translates to English as 'to sever the head' or 'place of skulls', though this is a reference to a battle that took place near the village rather than to the waves.<ref name="brower" /><ref name="billabong">{{cite web |year=2011 |title=Local Knowledge |url=http://billabongpro.com/tahiti11/news-article-gb/local-knowledge |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111011035446/http://billabongpro.com/tahiti11/news-article-gb/local-knowledge |archive-date=2011-10-11 |access-date=2011-11-11 |work=Billabong Pro Tahiti |publisher=[[Billabong (clothing)]]}}</ref> It has been included on lists of “deadliest” and “heaviest” waves”, because of the combination of extremely large waves with a very shallow reef.<ref name="brower">{{cite web |last=Brower |first=Ryan |title=The Top 10 Deadliest Waves |year=2008 |url=http://surf.transworld.net/1000074837/features/top-ten-deadly-waves-of-the-world/ |work=[[Transworld Surf]] }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-12-18 |title=9 of surfing's nastiest waves |url=https://www.redbull.com/us-en/scariest-waves-in-the-world |access-date=2024-07-29 |website=Red Bull |language=en}}</ref>
The name {{lang|ty|Teahupoʻo}} loosely translates to English as 'to sever the head' or 'place of skulls', though this is a reference to a battle that took place near the village rather than to the waves.<ref name="brower" /><ref name="billabong">{{cite web |year=2011 |title=Local Knowledge |url=http://billabongpro.com/tahiti11/news-article-gb/local-knowledge |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111011035446/http://billabongpro.com/tahiti11/news-article-gb/local-knowledge |archive-date=2011-10-11 |access-date=2011-11-11 |work=Billabong Pro Tahiti |publisher=[[Billabong (clothing)]]}}</ref> It has been included on lists of “deadliest” and “heaviest” waves”, because of the combination of extremely large waves with a very shallow reef.<ref name="brower">{{cite web |last=Brower |first=Ryan |year=2008 |title=The Top 10 Deadliest Waves |url=http://surf.transworld.net/1000074837/features/top-ten-deadly-waves-of-the-world/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100724232319/http://surf.transworld.net/1000074837/features/top-ten-deadly-waves-of-the-world/ |archive-date=2010-07-24 |access-date=2024-07-29 |work=[[Transworld Surf]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-12-18 |title=9 of surfing's nastiest waves |url=https://www.redbull.com/us-en/scariest-waves-in-the-world |access-date=2024-07-29 |website=Red Bull |language=en}}</ref>


[[Tahitian people|Tahitian]] surfer Brice Taerea was killed at Teahupoʻo in 2000. He attempted to duck-dive a dangerous 12-foot (3.7-meter) wave but was thrown over the falls, and landed head first on the reef. He was recovered from the water, but died in hospital, having suffered two broken [[cervical vertebrae]] and a severed spinal cord.<ref name="archived">{{cite web |title=Surfing Archived Stories |url=http://www.stonecoldcyber.com/davidthatcher/archive.html |access-date=11 November 2011}}</ref>
[[Tahitian people|Tahitian]] surfer Brice Taerea was killed at Teahupoʻo in 2000. He attempted to [[wiktionary:duck dive|duck-dive]] a dangerous 12-foot (3.7-meter) wave but was thrown over the falls and landed head first on the reef. He was recovered from the water but died in hospital, having suffered two broken [[cervical vertebrae]] and a [[Spinal cord injury|severed spinal cord]].<ref name="brower" />


== Olympic venue ==
== Olympic venue ==
Teahupoʻo is the host venue for the [[surfing at the 2024 Summer Olympics|surfing competition]] for the [[2024 Summer Olympics]], mainly hosted in [[Paris]].<ref>{{Cite news |last1=Mather |first1=Victor |last2=Minsberg |first2=Talya |date=2020-03-06 |title=For Paris Olympics, Surfing Will Head to Tahiti's 'Wall of Skulls' |language=en-US |work=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/03/06/sports/olympics/surfing-olympics-teahupoo-tahiti.html |access-date=2021-07-25 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Teahupoʻo |url=https://www.paris2024.org/en/venue/teahupoo/ |access-date=2023-10-13 |website=Paris 2024 |language=en}}</ref> The venue is {{Convert|9800|mi|km|abbr=on}} from Paris, the furthest distance between an Olympics venue and the host city. This was in keeping with International Olympic Committee goals of reducing construction costs by allowing for usage of existing venues, but increased travel costs and emissions.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |last=Wheaton |first=Belinda |last2=Thorpe |first2=Holly |date=2024-07-21 |title=The greenest games ever? How claims of Olympic sustainability hit a reef in Tahiti |url=http://theconversation.com/the-greenest-games-ever-how-claims-of-olympic-sustainability-hit-a-reef-in-tahiti-234464 |access-date=2024-07-29 |website=The Conversation |language=en-US}}</ref> Separate opening ceremonies were held.
Teahupoʻo is the host venue for the [[surfing at the 2024 Summer Olympics|surfing competition]] for the [[2024 Summer Olympics]], mainly hosted in [[Paris]].<ref>{{Cite news |last1=Mather |first1=Victor |last2=Minsberg |first2=Talya |date=2020-03-06 |title=For Paris Olympics, Surfing Will Head to Tahiti's 'Wall of Skulls' |language=en-US |work=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/03/06/sports/olympics/surfing-olympics-teahupoo-tahiti.html |access-date=2021-07-25 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Teahupoʻo |url=https://www.paris2024.org/en/venue/teahupoo/ |access-date=2023-10-13 |website=Paris 2024 |language=en}}</ref> The venue is {{Convert|9800|mi|km|abbr=on}} from Paris, the furthest distance between an Olympics venue and the host city. This was in keeping with International Olympic Committee goals of reducing construction costs by allowing for usage of existing venues, but increased travel costs and emissions.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |last1=Wheaton |first1=Belinda |last2=Thorpe |first2=Holly |date=2024-07-21 |title=The greenest games ever? How claims of Olympic sustainability hit a reef in Tahiti |url=http://theconversation.com/the-greenest-games-ever-how-claims-of-olympic-sustainability-hit-a-reef-in-tahiti-234464 |access-date=2024-07-29 |website=The Conversation |language=en-US}}</ref> Separate opening ceremonies were held.


Previously, the record for the longest distance between a host city and a competition subvenue was 9,700 mi (15,600 km) when, due to [[Quarantine Act 1908|Australian quarantine regulations]] during the [[Melbourne 1956]] games, the [[equestrian at the 1956 Summer Olympics|equestrian tournament]] was held in [[Stockholm]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-03-03 |title=Tahiti approved as Olympic surfing venue for 2024 Paris Games |url=https://olympics.nbcsports.com/2020/03/03/tahiti-olympics-surfing-paris-2024/ |access-date=2021-07-25 |website=NBC Sports |language=en-US}}</ref>
Previously, the record for the longest distance between a host city and a competition subvenue was 9,700 mi (15,600 km) when, due to [[Quarantine Act 1908|Australian quarantine regulations]] during the [[Melbourne 1956]] games, the [[equestrian at the 1956 Summer Olympics|equestrian tournament]] was held in [[Stockholm]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-03-03 |title=Tahiti approved as Olympic surfing venue for 2024 Paris Games |url=https://olympics.nbcsports.com/2020/03/03/tahiti-olympics-surfing-paris-2024/ |access-date=2021-07-25 |website=NBC Sports |language=en-US}}</ref>
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Several infrastructural improvements were made in preparation for the event.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Hernandez |first=Juan |date=2024-07-26 |title=The Olympics and Surfing's Most Controversial Tower: What Now, What's Next? |url=https://www.theinertia.com/surf/olympics-controversial-tower-now-next/ |access-date=2024-07-29 |website=The Inertia |language=en-US}}</ref>
Several infrastructural improvements were made in preparation for the event.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Hernandez |first=Juan |date=2024-07-26 |title=The Olympics and Surfing's Most Controversial Tower: What Now, What's Next? |url=https://www.theinertia.com/surf/olympics-controversial-tower-now-next/ |access-date=2024-07-29 |website=The Inertia |language=en-US}}</ref>


Residents of Teahupoʻo protested against the construction of a three-story aluminium judging tower (replacing an older wooden tower), fearing that the construction would irreversibly damage the coral reef.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2023-10-27 |title=Tahiti surf tower sparks protests against Olympics 'kooks' before Paris 2024 |url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2023/oct/27/tahiti-surf-tower-sparks-protests-against-olympics-kooks-before-paris-2024 |access-date=2023-12-21 |work=[[The Guardian]] |language=en-GB |agency=[[Reuters]]}}</ref> Construction also damaged coral near the contest site.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |date=2023-12-06 |title=Solution will be found for Teahupoʻo surfing site – Paris 2024 |url=https://www.reuters.com/sports/solution-will-be-found-teahupoo-surfing-site-paris-2024-2023-12-06/ |website=[[Reuters]]}}</ref> In response, [[President of French Polynesia|French Polynesian president]], [[Moetai Brotherson]], said the event could be moved to Taharuu, on Tahiti's west coast. However, this proposal was rejected by organizers.<ref>{{Cite news |agency=[[Reuters]] |date=2023-11-08 |title=Towering inferno: Olympics organisers stick to Tahiti site amid coral reef fears |language=en-GB |work=[[The Guardian]] |url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2023/nov/08/olympic-games-organisers-sticking-to-tahiti-surfing-site-despite-coral-reef-fears |access-date=2023-12-21 }}</ref> The tower was eventually built, but with changes to the design to reduce impact.<ref name=":1" />
Residents of Teahupoʻo protested against the construction of a three-story aluminium judging tower (replacing an older wooden tower), fearing that the construction would irreversibly damage the coral reef.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2023-10-27 |title=Tahiti surf tower sparks protests against Olympics 'kooks' before Paris 2024 |url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2023/oct/27/tahiti-surf-tower-sparks-protests-against-olympics-kooks-before-paris-2024 |access-date=2023-12-21 |work=[[The Guardian]] |language=en-GB |agency=[[Reuters]]}}</ref> Construction also damaged coral near the contest site.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |date=2023-12-06 |title=Solution will be found for Teahupoʻo surfing site – Paris 2024 |url=https://www.reuters.com/sports/solution-will-be-found-teahupoo-surfing-site-paris-2024-2023-12-06/ |website=[[Reuters]]}}</ref> In response, [[President of French Polynesia|French Polynesian president]] [[Moetai Brotherson]] said the event could be moved to Taharuu, on Tahiti's west coast. However, this proposal was rejected by organizers.<ref>{{Cite news |agency=[[Reuters]] |date=2023-11-08 |title=Towering inferno: Olympics organisers stick to Tahiti site amid coral reef fears |language=en-GB |work=[[The Guardian]] |url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2023/nov/08/olympic-games-organisers-sticking-to-tahiti-surfing-site-despite-coral-reef-fears |access-date=2023-12-21 }}</ref> The tower was eventually built, but with changes to the design to reduce impact.<ref name=":1" />


Similarly, plans originally called for construction of housing for athletes, but to reduce long-term impact to the village, athlete housing was instead put on a cruise ship offshore.<ref name=":2" />
Similarly, plans originally called for construction of housing for athletes, but to reduce long-term impact to the village, athlete housing was instead put on a cruise ship offshore.<ref name=":2" />
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{{Commons category|Teahupoo}}
{{Commons category|Teahupoo}}
* [https://www.flickr.com/photos/thelastminute/sets/72157603098986701/ Teahupoʻo November 2, 2007] photos including photo used above.
* [https://www.flickr.com/photos/thelastminute/sets/72157603098986701/ Teahupoʻo November 2, 2007] photos including photo used above.
* [http://www.timmckennaphoto.com/us/features/page-256-teahupoo-the+never+ending+swell-paddle.html Set of 122 photographs of breaks and a variety of riders at Teahupoʻo, by Tim McKenna] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161107185723/http://www.timmckennaphoto.com/us/features/page-256-teahupoo-the+never+ending+swell-paddle.html |date=November 7, 2016 }}
* [https://www.timmckennaphoto.com/keyword/Teahupoo Set of 122 photographs of breaks and a variety of riders at Teahupoʻo, by Tim McKenna]


==References==
==References==
{{Reflist}}
{{Reflist}}

== Further reading ==
*{{Cite news |last1=Beech |first1=Hannah |last2=Ferguson |first2=Adam |date=2024-07-30 |title=Olympic Surfing Comes to a 'Poisoned' Paradise |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/30/world/olympics/olympics-tahiti-nuclear-testing.html |access-date=2024-08-12 |work=The New York Times |language=en-US |url-access=subscription}}


{{2024 Summer Olympic Venues}}
{{2024 Summer Olympic Venues}}

Latest revision as of 00:15, 12 November 2024

Teahupoʻo
Associated commune of Taiarapu-Ouest
Teahupoʻo is located in Tahiti
Teahupoʻo
Location within Tahiti
Location of Teahupoʻo
Map
Coordinates: 17°50′50″S 149°16′2″W / 17.84722°S 149.26722°W / -17.84722; -149.26722
CountryFrance
Overseas collectivityFrench Polynesia
CommuneTaiarapu-Ouest
Population
 (2022)[1]
1,455
Time zoneUTC−10:00
Postal code
98723

Teahupoʻo (Tahitian pronunciation: [te.a.hu.ˈpo.ʔo])[2] is a village on the southeastern coast of the island of Tahiti in French Polynesia, France, in the southern Pacific Ocean.[3] It is known for the large, consistent surf that occurs off its shore, and resulting international surfing competitions.

Village

[edit]

The village of Teahupoʻo has a population of roughly 1,500.[4] The village has a single, one-lane road.[4][5] The village's population has been significantly affected by a radioactivity generated in a 1974 French test of a nuclear bomb.[6]

Surf

[edit]

Teahupoʻo is known for its surf break and resulting heavy, glassy waves, often reaching 2 to 3 m (7 to 10 ft), and sometimes up to 7 m (23 ft). Because of the regularity and size of its waves, it hosts the annual Billabong Pro Teahupoo surf competition (part of the World Championship Tour (WCT) surfing circuit) and the 2024 Olympic surfing competition.

Teahupoʻo is a pillow break. The swells mainly break backwards[clarification needed], but the outer reef also creates left breaks that surfers must be cautious of when paddling out. Teahupoʻo is renowned for the consistent number of barrels it delivers. It is a rewarding location and is widely regarded as being on the 'must-surf' list of every enthusiastic surfer. However, only experienced surfers in peak physical condition should attempt Teahupoʻo; heavy waves combined with a shallow pillow can result in serious injury and even swimming in a wipeout.

Teahupoʻo's reputation for wave riding is partly due to its unique form. An extremely shallow coral reef, which ranges up to 20 inches (51 cm) beneath the water's surface, is responsible for a very hollow-breaking wave. The wave's unique shape, with an effect of almost breaking below sea level, is due to the shape of the reef beneath the wave. This is semi-circular, and drops down sharply, creating a 'below water' effect; the extreme angles in descent create an instant instability to the wave. A steep wall of reef causes the entire mass to fold onto a scalloped semi circle breaking arc.[7] The wave bends and races along into a dry reef closeout and the lip of the wave is often as thick as it is tall.[3]

Surfing history

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Tahitian Thierry Vernaudon and a few other locals surfed Teahupoʻo for the very first time in 1985. Bodyboarding pioneers Mike Stewart and Ben Severson showcased the spot in 1986 and it soon became an underground spot for thrill-seeking bodyboarders.

Few professional surfers rode Teahupoʻo during the early 1990s. The pro Surf Event was founded in 1997 by JC Clenet and Christophe Holozet. Teahupoo was virtually unknown when the Black Pearl Horue Pro debuted as a World Qualifying Series event in 1997. (The WQS is the ASP's minor league tour, below the original World Championship Tour.) Nearly 200 surfers took part in the men's competition, worth $80,000, including such surfers as Sunny Garcia, Johnny Boy Gomez and Vetea David. Teenager Andy Irons from Hawaiʻi won the event.

The competition returned the following year under the name Gotcha Tahiti Pro; a women's division was added (won by Keala Kennelly of Hawaiʻi); and the competition ended in chaos when Hawaiʻi's Conan Hayes, the apparent winner after fearlessly charging through a series of Teahupoʻo barrels, was announced as runner-up behind Australia's Koby Abberton. Hayes stormed off the presentation stage and later said he had put his "life on the line and got robbed." Also, the judge’s tower, built on the reef itself, collapsed in the middle of the event. The event attracted worldwide attention and was featured in an ever-increasing number of surf videos. Tracks magazine published an 18-page article and a photo of Teahupoʻo was used for the cover of the issue titled "The Heaviest Contest Ever! Aussies face death in Tahitian perfection".

The 1999 Gotcha Tahiti Pro was elevated to World Championship Tour status and became a pro tour sensation. The biggest waves have mostly continued to roll in without takers, and Surfer magazine described Teahupoo as "a still-unconquered field of play." Australians Kate Skarratt and Mark Occhilupo won; Occhilupo was on his way to a world title. On the eve of the third edition, the judges' scaffolding collapsed again. Six-time world champion Kelly Slater of Florida came out of semi-retirement to win the men's division; Keala Kennelly won the women's title. The competition was renamed Billabong's Pro Teahupoo in 2001.

Notable rides

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On August 17, 2000, Laird Hamilton is credited with surfing the "heaviest wave" ever ridden,[3] documented in the film Riding Giants. In 2003 the late Malik Joyeux successfully rode one of the largest waves ever ridden.[8] Nathan Florence, younger brother of three-time World Surf League champion John John Florence, caught in May 2015 what some have considered to have been the biggest wave ever successfully paddled in Teahupoʻo.[9] Keala Kennelly was the first woman to tow-surf Teahupoʻo in May 2005, getting a 10-foot barrel ahead of the Billabong Tahiti Pro contest.[10]

Non-surfing rides

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This challenging break has been conquered by many top windsurfers, including Jason Polakow, Ali Neil and Levi Siver. Yannick Salmon was the first kitesurfer to ride Teahupoʻo; however, it was incorrectly written in publications that others had ridden it before him.[citation needed]

Injuries and death

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The name Teahupoʻo loosely translates to English as 'to sever the head' or 'place of skulls', though this is a reference to a battle that took place near the village rather than to the waves.[11][12] It has been included on lists of “deadliest” and “heaviest” waves”, because of the combination of extremely large waves with a very shallow reef.[11][13]

Tahitian surfer Brice Taerea was killed at Teahupoʻo in 2000. He attempted to duck-dive a dangerous 12-foot (3.7-meter) wave but was thrown over the falls and landed head first on the reef. He was recovered from the water but died in hospital, having suffered two broken cervical vertebrae and a severed spinal cord.[11]

Olympic venue

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Teahupoʻo is the host venue for the surfing competition for the 2024 Summer Olympics, mainly hosted in Paris.[14][15] The venue is 9,800 mi (15,800 km) from Paris, the furthest distance between an Olympics venue and the host city. This was in keeping with International Olympic Committee goals of reducing construction costs by allowing for usage of existing venues, but increased travel costs and emissions.[16] Separate opening ceremonies were held.

Previously, the record for the longest distance between a host city and a competition subvenue was 9,700 mi (15,600 km) when, due to Australian quarantine regulations during the Melbourne 1956 games, the equestrian tournament was held in Stockholm.[17]

Infrastructure

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Several infrastructural improvements were made in preparation for the event.[5]

Residents of Teahupoʻo protested against the construction of a three-story aluminium judging tower (replacing an older wooden tower), fearing that the construction would irreversibly damage the coral reef.[18] Construction also damaged coral near the contest site.[19] In response, French Polynesian president Moetai Brotherson said the event could be moved to Taharuu, on Tahiti's west coast. However, this proposal was rejected by organizers.[20] The tower was eventually built, but with changes to the design to reduce impact.[5]

Similarly, plans originally called for construction of housing for athletes, but to reduce long-term impact to the village, athlete housing was instead put on a cruise ship offshore.[16]

See also

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Wikimedia Commons has media related to Teahupoo.

References

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  1. ^ "Les résultats du recensement de la population 2022 de Polynésie française" [Results of the 2022 population census of French Polynesia] (PDF) (in French). Institut de la statistique de la Polynésie française. January 2023.
  2. ^ "TEAHUPOO – Legend, True Meaning, True Story". Onestopsurf Surf News. Archived from the original on June 25, 2013.
  3. ^ a b c Borte, Jason (January 28, 2001). "Teahupoo". Surfline: Surfing A-Z. Retrieved December 1, 2010.
  4. ^ a b "AP PHOTOS: In Teahupo'o, Tahiti, coastal village life thrives among powerful waves". AP News. February 21, 2024. Retrieved July 29, 2024.
  5. ^ a b c Hernandez, Juan (July 26, 2024). "The Olympics and Surfing's Most Controversial Tower: What Now, What's Next?". The Inertia. Retrieved July 29, 2024.
  6. ^ Beech, Hannah; Ferguson, Adam (July 30, 2024). "Olympic Surfing Comes to a 'Poisoned' Paradise". The New York Times. Retrieved August 12, 2024.
  7. ^ "Teahupoo – Anatomy Of A Monster". SurfingAtlas.com. Archived from the original on May 22, 2009. Retrieved November 11, 2011.
  8. ^ "Malik Joyeux Surfing The Big One". The FactStory. Retrieved January 4, 2024.
  9. ^ Williamson, Morgan (2015). "Heavyweights discuss Nate Florence and the best Teahupoo wave ever paddled".
  10. ^ Tracks magazine, August 2005, ISSN 1032-3317.
  11. ^ a b c Brower, Ryan (2008). "The Top 10 Deadliest Waves". Transworld Surf. Archived from the original on July 24, 2010. Retrieved July 29, 2024.
  12. ^ "Local Knowledge". Billabong Pro Tahiti. Billabong (clothing). 2011. Archived from the original on October 11, 2011. Retrieved November 11, 2011.
  13. ^ "9 of surfing's nastiest waves". Red Bull. December 18, 2023. Retrieved July 29, 2024.
  14. ^ Mather, Victor; Minsberg, Talya (March 6, 2020). "For Paris Olympics, Surfing Will Head to Tahiti's 'Wall of Skulls'". The New York Times. Retrieved July 25, 2021.
  15. ^ "Teahupoʻo". Paris 2024. Retrieved October 13, 2023.
  16. ^ a b Wheaton, Belinda; Thorpe, Holly (July 21, 2024). "The greenest games ever? How claims of Olympic sustainability hit a reef in Tahiti". The Conversation. Retrieved July 29, 2024.
  17. ^ "Tahiti approved as Olympic surfing venue for 2024 Paris Games". NBC Sports. March 3, 2020. Retrieved July 25, 2021.
  18. ^ "Tahiti surf tower sparks protests against Olympics 'kooks' before Paris 2024". The Guardian. Reuters. October 27, 2023. Retrieved December 21, 2023.
  19. ^ "Solution will be found for Teahupoʻo surfing site – Paris 2024". Reuters. December 6, 2023.
  20. ^ "Towering inferno: Olympics organisers stick to Tahiti site amid coral reef fears". The Guardian. Reuters. November 8, 2023. Retrieved December 21, 2023.

Further reading

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