House of Stuart: Difference between revisions

Stuart
Stewart
Stuart; Stewart
Royal house
	Coat of arms of James VI and I, 1603–1649
Parent family	Clan Stewart
Country	Scotland, England, Ireland, Great Britain
Founded	c. 1371 (653 years ago)
Founder	Robert II of Scotland (1371–1390)
Final ruler	Anne, Queen of Great Britain (1702–1714)
Titles	List King and Queen of Scotland ; King and Queen of England ; King and Queen of Ireland ; Queen of Great Britain ; King and Queen of France ; High Steward of Scotland ; Duke of Lennox ; Duke of Albany ; Duke of Richmond ; Duke of York ; Marquess of Bute ; Earl of Moray ; Earl of Lennox ; Queen of France ; Lord of Ireland ; Lord of Aubigny ;
Dissolution	1807
Cadet branches	List Stewart of Ardvorlich ; Stewart of Ballechin ; Stewart of Castle Stewart ; Stewart of Darnley ; Stewart of Galloway ;

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The House of Stuart, originally spelled Stewart, was a royal house of Scotland, England, Ireland and later Great Britain. The family name comes from the office of High Steward of Scotland, which had been held by the family progenitor Walter fitz Alan (c. 1150). The name Stewart and variations had become established as a family name by the time of his grandson Walter Stewart. The first monarch of the Stewart line was Robert II, whose male-line descendants were kings and queens in Scotland from 1371, and of England, Ireland and Great Britain from 1603, until 1714. Mary, Queen of Scots (r. 1542–1567), was brought up in France where she adopted the French spelling of the name Stuart.

In 1503, James IV married Margaret Tudor, thus linking the reigning royal houses of Scotland and England. Margaret's niece, Elizabeth I of England died without issue in 1603, and James IV's and Margaret's great-grandson James VI of Scotland acceded to the thrones of England and Ireland as James I in the Union of the Crowns. The Stuarts were monarchs of Britain and Ireland and its growing empire until the death of Queen Anne in 1714, except for the period of the Commonwealth between 1649 and 1660.^{[note 3]}

In total, nine Stewart/Stuart monarchs ruled Scotland alone from 1371 until 1603, the last of whom was James VI, before his accession in England. Two Stuart queens ruled the isles following the Glorious Revolution in 1688: Mary II and Anne. Both were the Protestant daughters of James VII and II by his first wife Anne Hyde and the great-grandchildren of James VI and I. Their father had converted to Catholicism and his new wife gave birth to a son in 1688, who was to be brought up as a Roman Catholic; so James was deposed by Parliament in 1689, in favour of his daughters. However, neither daughter had any children who survived to adulthood, so the crown passed to the House of Hanover on the death of Queen Anne in 1714 under the terms of the Act of Settlement 1701 and the Act of Security 1704. The House of Hanover had become linked to the House of Stuart through the line of Elizabeth Stuart, Queen of Bohemia.

After the loss of the throne, the descendants of James VII and II continued for several generations to attempt to reclaim the Scottish and English (and later British) throne as the rightful heirs, their supporters being known as Jacobites. Since the early 19th century, when the James II direct line failed, there have been no active claimants from the Stuart family. The current Jacobite heir to the claims of the historical Stuart monarchs is a distant cousin Franz, Duke of Bavaria, of the House of Wittelsbach. The senior living member of the royal Stewart family, descended in a legitimate male line from Robert II of Scotland, is Andrew Richard Charles Stuart, 9th Earl Castle Stewart.

Background

The ancestral origins of the Stuart family are obscure—their probable ancestry is traced back to Alan FitzFlaad, a Breton who went to England not long after the Norman conquest.^[1] Alan had been the hereditary steward of the Bishop of Dol in the Duchy of Brittany;^[2] Alan had a good relationship with Henry I of England who awarded him with lands in Shropshire.^[2] The FitzAlan family quickly established themselves as a prominent Anglo-Norman noble house, with some of its members serving as High Sheriff of Shropshire.^[2]^[3] It was the son of Alan named Walter FitzAlan who became the first hereditary High Steward of Scotland, while his brother William's family went on to become Earls of Arundel.

When the civil war in the Kingdom of England, known as The Anarchy, broke out between the legitimist claimant Matilda, Lady of the English, and her cousin who had usurped her, King Stephen, Walter had sided with Matilda.^[4] Another supporter of Matilda was her uncle David I of Scotland from the House of Dunkeld.^[4] After Matilda was pushed out of England into the County of Anjou, essentially failing in her legitimist attempt for the throne, many of her supporters in England fled also. It was then that Walter followed David up to the Kingdom of Scotland, where he was granted lands in Renfrewshire and the title for life of Lord High Steward.^[4] The next monarch of Scotland, Malcolm IV, made the High Steward title a hereditary arrangement. While High Stewards, the family were based at Dundonald, South Ayrshire, between the 12th and 13th centuries.

History

undiffered arms of stewart Stewart of Stewart	Arms of Stewart of Albany Stewart of Albany
Arms of Stewart of Barclye Stewart of Barclye	Arms of Stewart of Garlies Stewart of Garlies	Arms of Stewart of Minto Stewart of Minto
Arms of Stewart of Atholl Stewart of Atholl	Arms of Stewart of Bute Stewart of Bute	Arms of Stuart of Bute Stuart of Bute
Arms of Stewart of Ardvorlich Stewart of Ardvorlich	Arms of Stewart of Physgill Stewart of Physgill	Arms of Stewart of Rothesay Stewart of Rothesay

The sixth High Steward of Scotland, Walter Stewart (1293–1326), married Marjorie, daughter of Robert the Bruce, and also played an important part in the Battle of Bannockburn gaining further favour. Their son Robert was heir to the House of Bruce, the Lordship of Cunningham and the Bruce lands of Bourtreehill; he eventually inherited the Scottish throne when his uncle David II died childless in 1371.

In 1503, James IV attempted to secure peace with England by marrying King Henry VII's daughter, Margaret Tudor. The birth of their son, later James V, brought the House of Stewart into the line of descent of the House of Tudor, and the English throne. Margaret Tudor later married Archibald Douglas, 6th Earl of Angus, and their daughter, Margaret Douglas, was the mother of Henry Stuart, Lord Darnley. In 1565, Darnley married his half-cousin Mary, Queen of Scots, the daughter of James V. Darnley's father was Matthew Stewart, 4th Earl of Lennox, a member of the Stewart of Darnley branch of the House. Lennox was a descendant of Alexander Stewart, 4th High Steward of Scotland, also descended from James II, being Mary's heir presumptive. Thus Darnley was also related to Mary on his father's side and because of this connection, Mary's heirs remained part of the House of Stuart. Following John Stewart of Darnley's ennoblement for his part at the Battle of Baugé in 1421 and the grant of lands to him at Aubigny and Concressault, the Darnley Stewarts' surname was gallicised to Stuart.

Both Mary, Queen of Scots, and Lord Darnley had strong claims on the English throne through their mutual grandmother Margaret Tudor. This eventually led to the accession of the couple's only child James as King of Scotland, England, and Ireland in 1603. However, this was a personal union, as the three Kingdoms shared a monarch, but had separate governments, churches, and institutions. Indeed, the personal union did not prevent an armed conflict, known as the Bishops' Wars, breaking out between England and Scotland in 1639. This was to become part of the cycle of political and military conflict that marked the reign of Charles I of England, Scotland and Ireland, culminating in a series of conflicts known as the War of the Three Kingdoms. The trial and execution of Charles I by the English Parliament in 1649 began 11 years of republican government known as the English Interregnum. Scotland initially recognised the late King's son, also called Charles, as their monarch, before being subjugated and forced to enter Cromwell's Commonwealth by General Monck's occupying army. During this period, the principal members of the House of Stuart lived in exile in mainland Europe. The younger Charles returned to Britain to assume his three thrones in 1660 as "Charles II of England, Scotland and Ireland" - with the support of General Monck - but dated his reign from his father's death eleven years before.

In feudal and dynastic terms, the Scottish reliance on French support was revived during the reign of Charles II, whose own mother was French. His sister Henrietta married into the French royal family. Charles II left no legitimate children, but his numerous illegitimate descendants included the Dukes of Buccleuch, the Dukes of Grafton, the Dukes of Saint Albans and the Dukes of Richmond.

Present-day

The Royal House of Stuart became extinct with the death of Cardinal Henry Benedict Stuart, brother of Charles Edward Stuart, in 1807. Duke Francis of Bavaria is the current senior heir.^[5]

List of monarchs

Monarchs of Scotland

Name	From	Until	Relationship with predecessor
Robert II	22 February 1371	19 April 1390	Nephew^[6] of David II who died without issue. Robert's mother Marjorie Bruce was daughter of Robert I.
Robert III	19 April 1390	4 April 1406	Son of Robert II.
James I	4 April 1406	21 February 1437	Son of Robert III.
James II	21 February 1437	3 August 1460	Son of James I.
James III	3 August 1460	11 June 1488	Son of James II.
James IV	11 June 1488	9 September 1513	Son of James III.
James V	9 September 1513	14 December 1542	Son of James IV.
Mary	14 December 1542	24 July 1567	Daughter of James V.
James VI	24 July 1567	27 March 1625	Son of Mary, Queen of Scots.

Monarchs of England, Scotland, and Ireland

From the Acts of Union 1707, which came into effect on 1 May 1707, the last Stuart monarch, Anne, became Queen of Great Britain and Ireland.

Name	From	Until	Relationship with predecessor
James VI and I	24 March 1603	27 March 1625	Great-great grandson of Henry VII of England. King of Scotland alone until inheriting the titles King of England and Ireland, including claim to France from the extinct Tudors.
Charles I	27 March 1625	30 January 1649 (executed)	Son of James VI and I
Charles II	30 January 1649 (de jure); 2 May 1660 (de facto)	6 February 1685	Son of Charles I. Prohibited by Parliament from assuming the throne during a republican period of government known as the Commonwealth of England, but then accepted as king in 1661.
James VII and II	6 February 1685	11 December 1688	Brother of Charles II, who died without legitimate issue. Son of Charles I. Overthrown at the Revolution of 1688. Died in 1701.
Mary II	13 February 1689	28 December 1694	Daughter of James II & VII, who was still alive and pretending to the throne. Co-monarch was William III & II who outlived his wife.
Anne	8 March 1702	1 August 1714	Sister of Mary II. daughter of James II & VII. Name of state changed to Great Britain with the political Acts of Union 1707, though family has used title since James I & VI. Died childless, rights pass to House of Hanover.

Family tree

Round provided a family tree^[7] to embody his essential findings, which is adapted below.

Alan,
Dapifer Dolensis
(Seneschal or Steward of Dol)

Alan,
Dapifer Dolensis,
Took part in First Crusade, 1097.

Flaald
Occurs at Monmouth, 1101/2

Rhiwallon
Monk of St Florent.

Alan Fitz Flaad,
Founder of Sporle Priory

Jordan Fitz Alan,
Dapifer in Brittany,
Benefactor of Sele Priory.

William Fitz Alan,
Lord of Oswestry
Founder/benefactor of Haughmond Abbey,
Died 1160

Walter fitz Alan
Dapifer Regis Scotiae,
Founder of Paisley Abbey,
Died 1177

Alan Fitz Jordan,
Dapifer Dolensis.

William Fitz Alan II,
Lord of Oswestry and Clun

Alan the Steward
Senescallus Regis Scotiae

Origin

Alan fitz Flaad
- William FitzAlan, Lord of Oswestry
  - William Fitz Alan, 1st Lord of Oswestry and Clun
    - William Fitz Alan, 2nd Lord of Oswestry and Clun
    - John Fitzalan, Lord of Oswestry
      - John FitzAlan, 6th Earl of Arundel
        House of FitzAlan
- Jordan fitz Alan, Seneschal of Dol
- Walter fitz Alan, 1st High Steward of Scotland
  - Alan fitz Walter, 2nd High Steward of Scotland
    - Walter Stewart, 3rd High Steward of Scotland
      - Alexander Stewart, 4th High Steward of Scotland
        James Stewart, 5th High Steward of Scotland
        Walter Stewart, 6th High Steward of Scotland
        Robert II of Scotland
        
        John Stewart of Ralston
        
        John Stewart of Bonkyll
        Alexander Stewart of Bonkyll
        Earls of Angus (extinct 1361)
        
        Alan Stewart of Dreghorn
        Stewart of Darnley
        Earls of Lennox
        
        Stewart of Garlies
        Earls of Galloway
        
        Stewart of Burray
        
        Stewart of Physgill (Phisgal)
        
        Stewart of Minto
        Lords Blantyre
        
        Stewart of Tongrie
        
        Stewart of Barclye
        
        Walter Stewart of Garlies and Dalswinton
        John Stewart of Dalswinton
        Walter Stewart of Garlies and Dalswinton
        
        James Stewart of Pearston
        Stewart of Pearston
        Stewart of Lorn
        Clan Stewart of Appin
        
        Earls of Atholl
        
        Earls of Buchan
        Earls of Traquair (illegitimate)
        
        John Stewart of Daldon
        
        Robert Stewart of Daldowie
      - Walter Bailloch
        Earls of Menteith
      - Robert Stewart, Lord of Darnley
- Simon fitz Alan
  - Clan Boyd

House of Stewart

Robert II of Scotland
- Robert III of Scotland
  - David Stewart, Duke of Rothesay
  - James I of Scotland
    - Alexander Stewart, Duke of Rothesay
    - James II of Scotland
    - Sir John Stewart (illegitimate)
      - Stewart of Ballechin
- Walter, Lord of Fife
- Robert Stewart, Duke of Albany
  - Murdoch Stewart, Duke of Albany
    - Robert Stewart
    - Walter Stewart
      - Lords Avandale
        Lords Stuart of Ochiltree
        Barons Castle Stewart
        Earls Castle Stewart
    - Alasdair Stewart
    - James Mor Stewart
      - James "Beag" Stewart (illegitimate)
        Stewart of Balquhidder
        Stewart of Ardvorlich
        
        Stewart of Glen Buckie
        
        Stewart of Gartnafuaran
        
        Stewart of Annat
  - John Stewart, Earl of Buchan
  - Robert Stewart, Earl of Ross
- Alexander Stewart, Earl of Buchan, the Wolf of Badenoch
  - Illegitimate sons
    - Stewart of Atholl
- David Stewart, Earl of Strathearn
- Walter Stewart, Earl of Atholl
  - Alan Stewart, 4th Earl of Caithness
  - David Stewart, Master of Atholl
- John Stewart, Sheriff of Bute (illegitimate)
  - Clan Stuart of Bute

House of Stuart

Descended from the Stewarts of Darnley (Stewarts of Lennox)

Henry Stuart, Lord Darnley, husband of Mary, Queen of Scots
- James VI and I
  - Henry Frederick, Prince of Wales
  - Charles I of England
    - Charles II of England
      - James Scott, 1st Duke of Monmouth (illegitimate)
        Dukes of Buccleuch
      - Charles FitzCharles, 1st Earl of Plymouth (illegitimate)
      - Charles FitzRoy, 2nd Duke of Cleveland (illegitimate)
        Dukes of Cleveland (extinct 1774)
      - Henry FitzRoy, 1st Duke of Grafton (illegitimate)
        Dukes of Grafton
      - George FitzRoy, 1st Duke of Northumberland (illegitimate)
      - Charles Beauclerk, 1st Duke of St Albans (illegitimate)
        Dukes of St Albans
      - Charles Lennox, 1st Duke of Richmond (illegitimate)
        Dukes of Richmond, Lennox and Gordon
    - James II of England
      - Charles Stuart, Duke of Cambridge
      - James Stuart, Duke of Cambridge
      - Charles Stuart, Duke of Kendal
      - Edgar, Duke of Cambridge
      - Charles Stuart, Duke of Cambridge
      - James Francis Edward Stuart
        Charles Edward Stuart
        
        Henry Benedict Stuart
      - James FitzJames, 1st Duke of Berwick (illegitimate)
        House of FitzJames
        Dukes of Berwick
        
        Dukes of Fitz-James (extinct 1967)
      - Henry FitzJames (illegitimate)
    - Henry Stuart, Duke of Gloucester
  - Robert Stuart, Duke of Kintyre and Lorne

Complete male-line family tree

List of male-line members of the Houses of FitzAlan and Stuart

Male, male-line, legitimate, non-morganatic members of the house who either lived to adulthood, or who held a title as a child, are included. Heads of the house are in bold.

Alan fitz Flaad, c. 1060–1120
- William FitzAlan, Lord of Oswestry, 1085–1160
  - William FitzAlan, 1st Lord of Oswestry and Clun, d. 1210
    - William FitzAlan, 2nd Lord of Oswestry and Clun, d. 1215
    - John Fitzalan, 3rd Lord of Clun and Oswestry, 1200–1240
      - John Fitzalan II, Lord of Oswestry, Clun, and Arundel, 1223–1267
        John FitzAlan III, Lord and Baron of Clun and Oswestry, 1246–1272
        Richard Fitzalan, 1st Earl of Arundel, 1267–1302
        Edmund Fitzalan, 2nd Earl of Arundel, 1285–1326
        Richard Fitzalan, 3rd Earl of Arundel, 8th Earl of Surrey, 1313–1376
        Richard Fitzalan, 4th Earl of Arundel, 9th Earl of Surrey, 1346–1397
        Thomas Fitzalan, 5th Earl of Arundel, 10th Earl of Surrey, 1381–1415
        
        William Fitzalan
        
        John FitzAlan, 1st Baron Arundel, 1348–1379
        John FitzAlan, 2nd Baron Arundel, 1364–1390
        John Fitzalan, 6th Earl of Arundel, 3rd Baron Maltravers, 1385–1421
        John Fitzalan, 7th Earl of Arundel, 4th Baron Maltravers, 1408–1435
        Humphrey Fitzalan, 8th Earl of Arundel, 1429–1438
        
        William Fitzalan, 9th Earl of Arundel, 6th Baron Maltravers, 1417–1487
        Thomas Fitzalan, 10th Earl of Arundel, 7th Baron Maltravers, 1450–1524
        William Fitzalan, 11th Earl of Arundel, 8th Baron Maltravers, 1476–1544
        Henry Fitzalan, 12th Earl of Arundel, 1512–1580
        Henry Fitzalan, 1538–1556
        
        Edward Fitzalan
        
        William Fitzalan
        
        George Fitzalan
        
        John Fitzalan
        
        Thomas FitzAlan, d. 1430
        
        Edward (or Edmund) Fitzalan
        
        Richard FitzAlan, 1366–1419
        
        William Arundel, c. 1369–1400
        
        Thomas Arundel, Archbishop of Canterbury, 1353–1414
        
        Edmund, d. 1349
        
        Michael
        
        John, a priest
- Walter fitz Alan, 1090–1177
  - Alan fitz Walter, 2nd High Steward of Scotland, 1120–1204
    - David fitz Alan
    - Walter Stewart, 3rd High Steward of Scotland, d. 1246
      - Alexander Stewart, 4th High Steward of Scotland, 1210–1282
        James Stewart, 5th High Steward of Scotland, 1260–1309
        Walter Stewart, 6th High Steward of Scotland, 1296–1327
        Robert II of Scotland, 1316–1390
        Robert III of Scotland, 1337–1406
        David Stewart, Duke of Rothesay, 1376–1402
        
        James I of Scotland, 1394–1437
        James II of Scotland, 1430–1460
        James III of Scotland, 1452–1488
        James IV of Scotland, 1473–1513
        James V of Scotland, 1512–1542
        
        James Stewart, Duke of Ross, 1476–1504
        
        John Stewart, Earl of Mar, 1479–1503
        
        Alexander Stewart, Duke of Albany, 1454–1485
        John Stewart, Duke of Albany, 1482–1536
        
        John Stewart, Earl of Mar, 1456–1479
        
        Walter Stewart, Lord of Fife, 1338–1362
        
        Robert Stewart, Duke of Albany, 1340–1420
        Murdoch Stewart, Duke of Albany, 1362–1425
        Robert Stewart, d. 1421
        
        Walter Stewart, c. 1392–1425
        Andrew Stewart, 1st Lord Avandale, 1420–1488
        
        Walter Stewart
        Alexander Stewart
        Andrew Stewart, 1st Lord Avondale, d. 1513
        Andrew Stewart, 2nd Lord Avondale, d. 1549
        Andrew Stewart, 2nd Lord Ochiltree, 1521–1591
        Andrew Stewart, Master of Ochiltree, d. 1578
        Andrew Stuart, 1st Baron Castle Stuart, 3rd Lord Ochiltree, 1560–1629
        Andrew Stewart, 2nd Baron Castle Stewart, 1590–1639
        Andrew Stewart, 3rd Baron Castle Stewart, d. 1650
        
        Josias Stewart, 4th Baron Castle Stewart, d. 1662
        
        John Stewart, 5th Baron Castle Stewart, d. 1685
        
        Robert Stewart, of Irry, 1598–1662
        Robert Stewart, de jure 6th Baron Castle Stewart, d. 1686
        Andrew Stewart, de jure 7th Baron Castle Stewart, 1672–1715
        Robert Stewart, de jure 8th Baron Castle Stewart, 1700–1742
        Andrew Thomas Stewart, 9th Baron Castle Stewart, 1st Earl Castle Stewart, 1725–1809
        Robert Stewart, 2nd Earl Castle Stewart, 1784–1854
        Edward Stewart, 3rd Earl Castle Stewart, 1807–1857
        
        Charles Andrew Knox Stewart, 4th Earl Castle Stewart, 1810–1874
        Henry James Stuart-Richardson, 5th Earl Castle Stewart, 1837–1914
        
        Rev. Hon. Andrew Godfrey Stewart, 1812–1889
        Andrew Stuart, 6th Earl Castle Stewart, 1841–1921
        Andrew John Stuart, Viscount Stuart, 1880–1915
        
        Robert Sheffield Stuart, 1886–1914
        
        Arthur Stuart, 7th Earl Castle Stewart, 1889–1961
        David Andrew Noel Stuart, Viscount Stuart, 1921–1942
        
        Robert John Ochiltree Stuart, Viscount Stuart, 1923−1944
        
        Patrick Stuart, 8th Earl Castle Stewart, 1928–2023
        Andrew Richard Charles, 9th Earl Castle Stewart, b. 1953, the senior living Stewart
        
        Hon. Simon Walter Erskine Stuart, 1930–2002
        Thomas Harry Erskine Stuart, b. 1974)
        
        Corin Edward Leveson Stuart, b. 1975
        
        Tristram James Avondale Stuart, b. 1977
        
        Charles Patrick Stuart, 1892–1928
        
        Hon. Andrew Godfrey Stuart, 1790–1872
        Andrew Thomas Stuart, 1814–1894
        Robert Walter Stuart, 1845–1918
        Walter Burleigh Stuart, 1875–1912
        Burleigh Athol Stuart, 1904–1982
        Ernest Martin Stuart, b. 1935
        Conway Athol Stuart, b. 1968
        
        Burleigh William Henry Fitzgibbon Stuart, 1823–1905
        Godfrey Richard Conyngham Stuart, 1866–1955
        Robin Charles Burleigh Stuart, 1907–1970
        Douglas Charles Burleigh Stuart, b. 1940
        Andrew John Burleigh Stuart, b. 1967
        James William Burleigh Stuart, b. 2006
        
        Burleigh Francis Brownlow Stuart, 1868–1952
        Burleigh Edward St. Lawrence Stuart, 1920–2004
        Edward John Burleigh Stuart, b. 1953
        Simon Francis Brownlow Stuart, b. 1980
        
        Henry George Burleigh Stuart, b. 1982
        
        Josias Stewart of Bonington
        
        James Stewart, Earl of Arran, d. 1595
        James Stewart, 4th Lord Ochiltree, d. 1658
        William Stewart, 5th Lord Ochiltree, d. 1675
        
        William Stewart of Monkton, d. 1588
        William Stewart
        
        Henry Stewart of Braidwood
        
        Henry Stewart, 1st Lord Methven, 1495–1552
        Henry Stewart, 2nd Lord Methven, 1551–1572
        Henry Stewart, 3rd Lord Methven, d. 1586
        
        James Stewart of Beath
        James Stewart, 1st Lord Doune, 1529–1590
        James Stewart, 2nd Earl of Moray, 1565–1592
        James Stuart, 3rd Earl of Moray, 1581–1638
        James Stuart, 4th Earl of Moray, 1611–1653
        Alexander Stuart, 5th Earl of Moray, 1634–1701
        James, Lord Doune, 1660–1685
        
        Charles Stuart, 6th Earl of Moray, 1683–1735
        
        Francis Stuart, 7th Earl of Moray, 1683–1739
        James Stuart, 8th Earl of Moray, 1708–1767
        Francis Stuart, 9th Earl of Moray, 1737–1810
        Francis Stuart, 10th Earl of Moray, 1771–1848
        Francis Stuart, 11th Earl of Moray, 1795–1859
        
        John Stuart, 12th Earl of Moray, 1797–1867
        
        Archibald Stuart, 13th Earl of Moray, 1810–1872
        
        George Stuart, 14th Earl of Moray, 1816–1895
        
        Archibald Stewart, 1771–1832
        Francis Stuart, 1793–1875
        
        John Stuart, 1795–1840
        
        James Stuart, 1797–1850
        
        Rev. Edmund Stuart, 1798–1869
        Edmund Stuart, 15th Earl of Moray, 1840–1901
        
        Francis Stuart, 16th Earl of Moray, 1842–1909
        
        Morton Stuart, 17th Earl of Moray, 1855–1930
        Francis Stuart, 18th Earl of Moray, 1892–1943
        
        Archibald Stuart, 19th Earl of Moray, 1894–1974
        Douglas Stuart, 20th Earl of Moray, 1928–2011
        John Stuart, 21st Earl of Moray, b. 1966
        James Stuart, Lord Doune, b. 2002
        
        Alexander Stuart, b. 2004
        
        Frederick Stuart, b. 2006
        
        Charles Stuart, b. 1933
        James Stuart, b. 1962
        
        Justin Stuart, b. 1964
        
        Duncan Stuart, b. 1967
        
        James Stuart, b. 1933
        
        James Stuart, 1st Viscount Stuart of Findhorn, 1897–1971
        David Stuart, 2nd Viscount Stuart of Findhorn, 1924–1999
        James Stuart, 3rd Viscount Stuart of Findhorn, b. 1948
        
        John Stuart, 1925–1990
        
        Douglas Stuart, 1801–1855
        Douglas Stuart, 1843–1863
        
        George Stuart, 1805–1835
        
        James Stuart, 1741–1809
        
        David Stuart, 1745–1784
        
        Francis Stuart
        Francis Stuart, d. 1766
        
        John Stuart, 1675–1765
        
        Francis Stuart of Cullello, b. 1636
        
        Archibald Stuart, 1643–1688
        Charles Stuart, d. 1732
        James Stuart of Binend, 1716–1777
        Charles Stuart of Dunearn, 1745–1826
        James Stuart, 1775–1849
        
        George Stewart
        
        Francis Stuart, 1589–1635
        
        Henry Stewart, Lord St Colm
        
        Archibald Stewart
        
        John Stewart, d. 1609
        
        Alexander Stewart
        
        David Stewart
        
        Alexander Stewart, d. 1425
        
        James Mor Stewart, 1400–1429
        
        John Stewart, Earl of Buchan, 1381–1424
        
        Robert Stewart
        
        Alexander Stewart, Earl of Buchan, 1343–1394
        
        David Stewart, Earl of Strathearn, 1357–1386
        
        Walter Stewart, Earl of Atholl, 1360–1437
        Alan Stewart, 4th Earl of Caithness, d. 1431
        
        David Stewart, Master of Atholl, d. bef. 1437
        
        John Stewart of Ralston
        John Stewart
        
        Walter Stewart
        
        Andrew Stewart
        
        John Stewart, d. 1318
        
        Andrew Stewart
        
        James Stewart, fl. 1327
        
        John Stewart, d. 1298
        Alexander Stewart of Bonkyll, 1271–1319
        John Stewart, 1st Earl of Angus, d. 1331
        Thomas Stewart, 2nd Earl of Angus, d. 1361
        
        Alan Stewart of Dreghorn, d. 1333
        Alexander Stewart of Darnley, d. 1374
        Alexander Stewart of Darnley, d. 1404
        John Stewart of Darnley, 1380–1429
        Alan Stewart of Darnley, 1406–1439
        John Stewart, 1st Earl of Lennox, 1430–1495
        Matthew Stewart, 2nd Earl of Lennox, 1460–1513
        Mungo Stewart
        
        John Stewart, 3rd Earl of Lennox, 1490–1526
        Matthew Stewart, 4th Earl of Lennox, 1516–1571
        Henry Stuart, Lord Darnley, 1546–1567
        James VI and I, 1566–1625
        Henry Frederick, Prince of Wales, 1594–1612
        
        Charles I of England, 1600–1649
        Charles II of England, 1630–1685
        
        James II of England, 1633–1701
        James Francis Edward Stuart, 1688–1766
        Charles Edward Stuart, 1720–1788
        
        Henry Benedict Stuart, 1725–1807
        
        Henry Stuart, Duke of Gloucester, 1640–1660
        
        Charles Stuart, 5th Earl of Lennox, 1557–1576
        
        Robert Stewart, 1st Earl of March, 1522–1586
        
        John Stewart, 6th Seigneur d'Aubigny, d. c. 1567
        Esmé Stewart, 1st Duke of Lennox, 1542–1583
        Ludovic Stewart, 2nd Duke of Lennox, 1574–1624
        
        Esmé Stewart, 3rd Duke of Lennox, 1579–1624
        James Stewart, 1st Duke of Richmond, 1612–1655
        Esmé Stewart, 2nd Duke of Richmond, 1649–1660
        
        Henry Stewart, 8th Seigneur d'Aubigny, 1616–1632
        
        George Stewart, 9th Seigneur d'Aubigny, 1618–1642
        Charles Stewart, 3rd Duke of Richmond, 1639–1672
        
        Ludovic Stewart, 11th Seigneur d'Aubigny, 1619–1665
        
        Lord John Stewart, 1621–1644
        
        Lord Bernard Stewart, 1623–1645
        
        Robert Stewart, 5th Lord of Aubigny, 1470–1544
        
        John Stewart, Seigneur d'Oison, d. c. 1512
        
        William Stewart, Seigneur d'Oison, d. bef. 1504
        
        Alexander Stewart of Galston
        
        John Stewart, 2nd Lord of Aubigny, d. 1482
        Bernard Stewart, 3rd Lord of Aubigny, 1452–1508
        
        Alexander Stewart of Darnley
        
        William Stewart of Jedsworth, d. 1402
        ?
        ?
        ?
        Alexander Stewart, 1st Earl of Galloway, 1580–1649
        James Stewart, 2nd Earl of Galloway, 1610–1671
        Alexander Stewart, 3rd Earl of Galloway, 1643–1690
        Alexander Stewart, 4th Earl of Galloway, 1660–1694
        
        James Stewart, 5th Earl of Galloway, d. 1746
        Alexander Stewart, 6th Earl of Galloway, 1694–1773
        Alexander Stewart, Master of Garlies, 1719–1738
        
        John Stewart, 7th Earl of Galloway, 1736–1806
        George Stewart, 8th Earl of Galloway, 1768–1834
        Randolph Stewart, 9th Earl of Galloway, 1800–1873
        Alan Stewart, 10th Earl of Galloway, 1835–1901
        
        Randolph Stewart, 11th Earl of Galloway, 1836–1920
        Randolph Stewart, 12th Earl of Galloway, 1892–1978
        Randolph Stewart, 13th Earl of Galloway, 1928–2020
        
        Keith Stewart, 1894–1915
        
        Alexander Stewart, 1838–1896
        Walter Stewart, 1888–1918
        Alexander Stewart, 1914–1985
        Andrew Stewart, 14th Earl of Galloway, b. 1949
        Alexander Stewart, Lord Garlies, b. 1980
        
        David Stewart, b. 1960
        Samuel Stewart, b. 1990
        
        Harry Stewart, b. 1992
        
        Jack Stewart, b. 1999
        
        Ian Stewart, 1917–1973
        Alastair Stewart, b. 1944
        James Stewart, b. 1975
        
        FitzRoy Stewart, 1855–1914
        
        Admiral Keith Stewart, 1814–1879
        
        William Stewart, 1774–1827
        Horatio Stewart, 1806–1835
        Horatio Murray-Stewart, 1834–1904
        
        Charles Stewart, Bishop of Quebec, 1775–1837
        
        Montgomery Stewart, 1780–1860
        Alexander Stewart, 1808–1837
        
        James Stewart, 1819–1895
        Montgomery Stewart, 1863–1895
        
        Frederick Stewart, 1865–1930
        
        Herbert Stewart, 1866–1960
        
        Douglas Stewart, 1869–1888
        
        Percy Stewart, 1871–1962
        
        Archibald Stewart, 1874–1930
        
        Horatio Stewart, 1877–1943
        
        Arthur Stewart, 1879–1967
        
        Edward Richard Stewart, 1782–1851
        Edward Stewart, 1808–1875
        Herbert Stewart, 1843–1885
        Geoffrey Stewart, 1878–1914
        Malise Stewart, 1911–1974
        
        William Stewart, 1847–1883
        
        James Henry Keith Stewart, 1783–1836
        
        George Stewart, d. 1758
        
        Keith Stewart, 1739–1795
        Archibald Stewart, d. 1795
        
        James Alexander Stewart-Mackenzie, 1784–1843
        Keith Stewart-MacKenzie, 1818–1881
        James Stewart-Mackenzie, 1st Baron Seaforth, 1847–1923
        
        George Stewart-Mackenzie, 1824–1852
        
        Leveson Stewart, 1786–1819
        
        Alexander Stewart, 4th Earl of Galloway
        
        Alexander Stewart of Torbane and Galston
        
        Robert Stewart of Newtoun and Westoun
        
        James Stewart
        
        William Stewart of Castlemilk, d. 1429
        
        John Stewart of Cruikston and Darnley
        
        Walter Stewart
        
        Walter Stewart of Garlies
        
        James Stewart of Pearston, d. 1333
        Lords of Lorne, Earls of Atholl, Earls of Buchan, Earls of Traquair and Clan Stewart of Appin
        
        John Stewart of Daldon, d. 1333
        
        Robert Stewart of Daldowie,
        Steuart baronets and Seton-Steuart baronets
        
        Hugh Stewart
      - Robert Stewart
      - John Stewart, d. 1249
      - Walter Bailloch, 1230–1293
        Alexander, Earl of Menteith, d. bef. 1306
        Alan, Earl of Menteith, d. 1310
        Alan II, Earl of Menteith, d. bef. 1323
        
        Peter Stewart
        
        Muireadhach III, Earl of Menteith, d. 1332
        
        Alexander Stewart
        
        John de Menteith, 1275–1329
        John de Menteith
        
        Walter Menteith
      - William Stewart
    - Leonard
- Jordan fitz Alan
- Simon fitz Alan, fl. 1163

Notes

^ titular claim rather than de facto
^ Title assumed by James V of Scotland, in correspondence with Irish chieftains, as a challenge to Henry VIII, who had recently been declared 'King of Ireland.'
^ The Earls of Galloway are the senior surviving line of the Stuarts. They are descended from a line which originated from the second son of Alexander Stewart, 4th High Steward of Scotland, and are not members of the Stewart/Stuart royal line; however, they are part of the peerage.

References

^ "J.H. Round: The Origin of the Stewarts: Part 1". MedievalGenealogy.org.uk. Retrieved on 13 November 2008.
^ ^a ^b ^c Bartlett, England Under the Norman and Angevin Kings, 1075–1225, 544.
^ Lieber, Encyclopædia Americana, 30.
^ ^a ^b ^c King, The Anarchy of King Stephen's Reign, 249.
^ Alleyne, Richard; de Quetteville, Harry (7 April 2008). "Act repeal could make Franz Herzog von Bayern new King of England and Scotland". Daily Telegraph. Archived from the original on 8 April 2008. Retrieved 22 June 2008.
^ The Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
^ "Studies in peerage and family history". New York Longmans, Green. 1901.

Sources

King, Edmund (1994). The Anarchy of King Stephen's Reign. Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-820364-0.
Barrow, G. W. S. (2003). The Kingdom of the Scots. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press. ISBN 0-7486-1802-3.
Barrow, G. W. S. (2004). "Stewart family (per. c.1110–c.1350)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/49411. Retrieved 11 October 2010. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
Round, J. Horace (1901). Studies in Peerage and Family History. Westminster, London: Archibald Constable & Co Ltd.

External links

Official website of the Stewarts of Argyll

Royal house House of Stuart
Preceded by House of Bruce	Ruling house of the Kingdom of Scotland 1371–1649	Vacant The Covenanters
Preceded by House of Tudor	Ruling house of the Kingdom of England 1603–1649	Vacant Commonwealth of England
Vacant The Covenanters	Ruling house of the Kingdom of Scotland 1660–1694	Vacant House of Orange-Nassau
Vacant Commonwealth of England	Ruling house of the Kingdom of England 1660–1694	Vacant House of Orange-Nassau
Vacant House of Orange-Nassau	Ruling house of the Kingdom of Scotland 1702–1707	Titles merged by the Acts of Union 1707
Vacant House of Orange-Nassau	Ruling house of the Kingdom of England 1702–1707	Titles merged by the Acts of Union 1707
New title England and Scotland united	Ruling house of the Kingdom of Great Britain 1707–1714	Succeeded by House of Hanover

[France-1] titular claim rather than de facto

[Ireland-2] Title assumed by James V of Scotland, in correspondence with Irish chieftains, as a challenge to Henry VIII, who had recently been declared 'King of Ireland.'

[3] The Earls of Galloway are the senior surviving line of the Stuarts. They are descended from a line which originated from the second son of Alexander Stewart, 4th High Steward of Scotland, and are not members of the Stewart/Stuart royal line; however, they are part of the peerage.

[stewartorigins-4] "J.H. Round: The Origin of the Stewarts: Part 1". MedievalGenealogy.org.uk. Retrieved on 13 November 2008.

[bartlett-5] Bartlett, England Under the Norman and Angevin Kings, 1075–1225, 544.

[6] Lieber, Encyclopædia Americana, 30.

[king-7] King, The Anarchy of King Stephen's Reign, 249.

[8] Alleyne, Richard; de Quetteville, Harry (7 April 2008). "Act repeal could make Franz Herzog von Bayern new King of England and Scotland". Daily Telegraph. Archived from the original on 8 April 2008. Retrieved 22 June 2008.

[9] The Oxford Dictionary of National Biography

[10] "Studies in peerage and family history". New York Longmans, Green. 1901.

[note 1]

[note 2]

[note 3]

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

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v t e British Lord High Treasurers under the House of Stuart (1603–1649; 1660–1714)
James I (1603–1625)	Thomas Sackville, 1st Earl of Dorset (1603–1608) Robert Cecil, 1st Earl of Salisbury (1608–1612) Henry Howard, 1st Earl of Northampton (1612–1613) Thomas Egerton, 1st Baron Ellesmere (1613–1614) Thomas Howard, 1st Earl of Suffolk (1614–1618) George Abbot (1618–1620) Henry Montagu, 1st Earl of Manchester (1620–1621) Lionel Cranfield, 1st Earl of Middlesex (1621–1624) James Ley, 1st Earl of Marlborough (1624–1625)
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James II (1685–1688)	Laurence Hyde, 1st Earl of Rochester (1685–1686) John Belasyse, 1st Baron Belasyse (1687–December 1688)
William & Mary (1689–1694)	John Belasyse, 1st Baron Belasyse (December 1688–April 1689) Charles Mordaunt, 3rd Earl of Peterborough (April 1689–March 1690) John Lowther, 1st Viscount Lonsdale (March 1690–November 1690) Sidney Godolphin, 1st Earl of Godolphin (November 1690–1694)
William III (1694–1702)	Sidney Godolphin, 1st Earl of Godolphin (1694–1697) Charles Montagu, 1st Earl of Halifax (1697–1699) Ford Grey, 1st Earl of Tankerville (1699–1700) Sidney Godolphin, 1st Earl of Godolphin (1700–1701) Charles Howard, 3rd Earl of Carlisle (1701–1702)
Anne (1702–1714)	Sidney Godolphin, 1st Earl of Godolphin (1702–1710) John Poulett, 1st Earl Poulett (1710–1711) Robert Harley, 1st Earl of Oxford and Earl Mortimer (1711–July 1714) Charles Talbot, 1st Duke of Shrewsbury (July–October 1714)
Italics indicate service as First Lord of the Treasury when HM Treasury was ruled by Commission