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⚫
{{short description|State in Somalia }}
{{multiple issues|
{{multiple issues|
{{more footnotes|date=November 2018}}
{{more footnotes needed|date=November 2018}}
{{original research|date=April 2020}}
{{original research|date=April 2020}}
}}
}}
⚫
{{short description|State in Somalia }}

{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2017}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2017}}
{{Use British English|date=March 2018}}
{{Use British English|date=March 2018}}
{{Infobox country
{{Infobox country
| conventional_long_name = Hirshabelle State of Somalia
| conventional_long_name = Hirshabelle State of Somalia
| common_name = Hirshabelle
| common_name = Hirshabelle
| native_name = {{unbulleted list|item_style=font-size:88%; |{{native name|so|Dowlad Goboleedka Hirshabeele ee Soomaaliya}} |{{native name|ar|{{lower|0.1em|{{resize|120%| ولاية هيرشابيل الصومال}}}} |italics=off}}|''{{transl|ar|Wilāyat hirshabeele aṣ-Ṣūmāl}}''}}
| native_name = {{unbulleted list|item_style=font-size:88%; |{{native name|so|Dowlad Goboleedka Hirshabeele ee Soomaaliya}} |{{native name|ar|{{lower|0.1em|{{resize|120%| ولاية هيرشابيل الصومال}}}} |italics=off}}|''{{transl|ar|Wilāyat hirshabeele aṣ-Ṣūmāl}}''}}
| image_flag = Hirshabeelle.png
| image_flag = Hirshabeelle.png
| image_coat = File:Hirshabelle coat of arms.png
| image_coat = File:Hirshabelle coat of arms.png
| symbol_type = Coat of arms
| symbol_type = Coat of arms
| national_motto =
| national_motto =
| national_anthem = Qolobaa Calankeed
| national_anthem = Qolobaa Calankeed
| image_map = Location Hirshabelle.png
| image_map = Location Hirshabelle.png
| capital = [[Jowhar]]
| capital = [[Jowhar]]
| largest_city = Jowhar
| largest_city = Jowhar
| coordinates = {{Coord|04|44|09|N|045|12|13|E|type:city}}
| coordinates = {{Coord|04|44|09|N|045|12|13|E|type:city}}
| official_languages = [[Somali language|Somali]]
| official_languages = [[Somali language|Somali]]
| government_type = [[Federated state]] under a [[Presidential system|presidential democracy]]
| government_type = [[Federated state]] under a [[Presidential system|presidential democracy]]
| leader_title1 = [[List of presidents of Hirshabelle|President]]
| leader_title1 = [[List of presidents of Hirshabelle|President]]
| leader_name1 = [[Ali Abdullahi Hussein]]
| leader_name1 = [[Ali Abdullahi Hussein]]
| leader_title2 = [[Vice-President]]
| leader_title2 = [[Vice-President]]
| leader_name2 =
| leader_name2 =
| leader_name3 =
| leader_name3 =
| leader_title3 =
| leader_title3 =
| sovereignty_type = Autonomy [[Federation|Federal Member State]]
| sovereignty_type = Autonomy [[Federation|Federal Member State]]
| sovereignty_note = within [[Somalia]]
| sovereignty_note = within [[Somalia]]
| established_event1 = Established
| established_event1 = Established
| established_date1 = 05 October 2016
| established_date1 =
| area_rank =
| area_rank =
| percent_water =
| percent_water =
| population_estimate = 1,189,100 (estimate)<ref>{{Cite web |title=Somalia: Subdivision and cities |url=https://www.citypopulation.de/en/somalia/ |access-date=2024-02-14 |website=www.citypopulation.de |archive-date=25 April 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240425194524/https://citypopulation.de/en/somalia/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
| population_estimate = 1,189,100 (estimate)<ref>{{Cite web |title=Somalia: Subdivision and cities |url=https://www.citypopulation.de/en/somalia/ |access-date=2024-02-14 |website=www.citypopulation.de |archive-date=25 April 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240425194524/https://citypopulation.de/en/somalia/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
| population_census =
| population_census =
| population_estimate_year = 2019
| population_estimate_year = 2019
| population_estimate_rank =
| population_estimate_rank =
| population_census_year =
| population_census_year =
| population_density_rank =
| population_density_rank =
| GDP_PPP =
| GDP_PPP =
| GDP_PPP_year =
| GDP_PPP_year =
| GDP_PPP_rank =
| GDP_PPP_rank =
| GDP_PPP_per_capita =
| GDP_PPP_per_capita =
| GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank =
| GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank =
| Gini = <!--number only-->
| Gini = <!--number only-->
| Gini_year =
| Gini_year =
| Gini_change = <!--increase/decrease/steady-->
| Gini_change = <!--increase/decrease/steady-->
| Gini_ref =
| Gini_ref =
| Gini_rank =
| Gini_rank =
| HDI = 0.3
| HDI = 0.3
| HDI_year =
| HDI_year =
| HDI_change = <!--increase/decrease/steady-->
| HDI_change = <!--increase/decrease/steady-->
| HDI_ref =
| HDI_ref =
| HDI_rank =
| HDI_rank =
| currency = [[Somali shilling]]
| currency = [[Somali shilling]]
| currency_code = SOS
| currency_code = SOS
| time_zone = [[East Africa Time|EAT]]
| time_zone = [[East Africa Time|EAT]]
| utc_offset = +3
| utc_offset = +3
| utc_offset_DST = +3
| utc_offset_DST = +3
| time_zone_DST = not observed
| time_zone_DST = not observed
| drives_on = right
| drives_on = right
| calling_code = [[+252]] (Somalia)
| calling_code = [[+252]] (Somalia)
| cctld = [[.so]]
| cctld = [[.so]]
| official_website =
| official_website =
| area_magnitude =
| area_magnitude =
| areami² =
| areami² =
| population_density =
| population_density =
| population_densitymi² =
| population_densitymi² =
| iso3166code = SO
| iso3166code = SO
| demonym = [[Demographics of Somalia|Somali]]
| demonym = [[Demographics of Somalia|Somali]]
| today =
| today =
| map_width =
| map_width =
| ethnic_groups = Somali
| ethnic_groups = Somali
| religion = Islam
| religion = Islam
}}
}}

'''Hirshabelle''', officially '''Hirshabelle State of Somalia''' ([[Somali language|Somali]]: ''Dowlad Goboleedka Hirshabelle ee [[Somalia|Soomaaliya]]''), is a [[States and regions of Somalia|Federal Member State]] in south-central [[Somalia]]. It is bordered by [[Galmudug|Galmudug state of Somalia]] to the north, [[South West State of Somalia]] and [[Banaadir|Banadir region]] to the south, [[Ethiopia]] to the west and the [[Indian Ocean]] to the east. [[Jowhar]] is the capital state.
'''Hirshabelle''', officially '''Hirshabelle State of Somalia''' ([[Somali language|Somali]]: ''Dowlad Goboleedka Hirshabelle ee [[Somalia|Soomaaliya]]''), is a [[States and regions of Somalia|Federal Member State]] in south-central [[Somalia]]. It is bordered by [[Galmudug]] state of Somalia to the north, [[South West State of Somalia]] and [[Banaadir|Banadir region]] to the south, [[Ethiopia]] to the west and the [[Indian Ocean]] to the east. [[Jowhar]] is the capital state.


[[Hirshabelle]] consists of the [[Hiran, Somalia|Hiran]] and [[Middle Shabelle]] regions of Somalia. The name of the state originates from combining their names. [[Hirshabelle]] proclaimed itself the autonomous [[States and regions of Somalia|Federal Member State]] of the [[Somalia|Federal Republic of Somalia]] as stipulated in the provisional [[Constitution of Somalia]].
[[Hirshabelle]] consists of the [[Hiran, Somalia|Hiran]] and [[Middle Shabelle]] regions of Somalia. The name of the state originates from combining their names. [[Hirshabelle]] proclaimed itself the autonomous [[States and regions of Somalia|Federal Member State]] of the [[Somalia|Federal Republic of Somalia]] as stipulated in the provisional [[Constitution of Somalia]].


== Background ==
== Background ==
The creation of the Hirshabelle State has long been controversial, as both regions, Hiran and Middle Shabelle, have expressed a desire to create their own separate regional states.{{Cn|date=August 2024}}
The creation of the Hirshabelle State has long been controversial, as both regions, Hiran and Middle Shabelle, have expressed a desire to create their own separate regional states.{{Citation needed|date=August 2024}}


In October 2016, local presidential elections were held, which were won by [[Ali Abdullahi Osoble]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.bbc.com/somali/war-37678040 |title=Baarlamaanka Hirshabeele oo madaxweyne doortay — BBC News Somali |access-date=17 November 2020 |archive-date=9 April 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230409033042/https://www.bbc.com/somali/war-37678040 |url-status=live }}</ref> On 11 March 2017, the [[Parliament of Hirshabelle|Hirshabelle Parliament]] approved a new Cabinet of 52 Ministers. In September 2017, the Parliament elected a President, [[Mohamed Abdi Ware]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.bbc.com/somali/41293018 |title=HirShabeelle oo yeelatay madaxweyne cusub — BBC News Somali |access-date=17 November 2020 |archive-date=9 April 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230409190937/https://www.bbc.com/somali/41293018 |url-status=live }}</ref>
In October 2016, local presidential elections were held, which were won by [[Ali Abdullahi Osoble]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.bbc.com/somali/war-37678040 |title=Baarlamaanka Hirshabeele oo madaxweyne doortay — BBC News Somali |access-date=17 November 2020 |archive-date=9 April 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230409033042/https://www.bbc.com/somali/war-37678040 |url-status=live }}</ref> On 11 March 2017, the [[Parliament of Hirshabelle|Hirshabelle Parliament]] approved a new Cabinet of 52 Ministers. In September 2017, the Parliament elected a President, [[Mohamed Abdi Ware]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.bbc.com/somali/41293018 |title=HirShabeelle oo yeelatay madaxweyne cusub — BBC News Somali |access-date=17 November 2020 |archive-date=9 April 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230409190937/https://www.bbc.com/somali/41293018 |url-status=live }}</ref>
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== Women's rights ==
== Women's rights ==
In 2021, according to a report by the [[Somali Bureau of National Statistics]], 21% of women in Hirshabelle State had experienced physical violence, 99.5% of women aged 15-49 had undergone [[female genital mutilation]], 75% owned a mobile telephone, and 8% had used the internet in the preceding 12 months.<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://somalia.unfpa.org/sites/default/files/pub-pdf/hshds_report_2021_24nov.pdf |title=Somali Health and Demographic Survey: Hirshabelle Report |date=2021 |publisher=Hirshabelle State o Somalia}}</ref> As of 2024, the Minister for Women and Human Rights was [[Rahma Guliye]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-05-08 |title=Trailblazing Unity: Somalia Welcomes New Chapter of African Women Leaders Network |url=https://africa.unwomen.org/en/stories/news/2024/05/trailblazing-unity-somalia-welcomes-new-chapter-of-african-women-leaders-network |access-date=2024-08-17 |website=UN Women – Africa |language=en}}</ref>
In 2021, according to a report by the [[Somali Bureau of National Statistics]], 21% of women in Hirshabelle State had experienced physical violence, 99.5% of women aged 15–49 had undergone [[female genital mutilation]], 75% owned a mobile telephone, and 8% had used the internet in the preceding 12 months.<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://somalia.unfpa.org/sites/default/files/pub-pdf/hshds_report_2021_24nov.pdf |title=Somali Health and Demographic Survey: Hirshabelle Report |date=2021 |publisher=Hirshabelle State o Somalia}}</ref> As of 2024, the Minister for Women and Human Rights was [[Rahma Guliye]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-05-08 |title=Trailblazing Unity: Somalia Welcomes New Chapter of African Women Leaders Network |url=https://africa.unwomen.org/en/stories/news/2024/05/trailblazing-unity-somalia-welcomes-new-chapter-of-african-women-leaders-network |access-date=2024-08-17 |website=UN Women – Africa |language=en}}</ref>


== Population ==
== Population ==
{| class="wikitable sortable"
{| class="wikitable sortable"
!Region
! Region
!Population
! Population
|-
|-
|[[Middle Shabelle]]
| [[Middle Shabelle]]
|900,700
| 900,700
|-
|-
|[[Hiran bari , Somalia|Hiran]]
| [[Hiran bari, Somalia|Hiran]]
|890,288
| 890,288


|Galbeed ,Somalia |Galbeed]]
| Galbeed, Somalia |Galbeed]]
990,721
990,721
|Total
| Total
2,781,709
2,781,709
|}
|}


=== Districts of Hiran Region ===
=== Towns of Hiran Region ===
{| class="wikitable sortable"
{| class="wikitable sortable"
! citys
!District
|-
|-
|[[Beledweyne District|Beledweyne]]
| [[Beledweyne District|Beledweyne]]
|-
|-
|[[Buloburde District|Buloburde]]
| [[Buloburde District|Buloburde]]
|-
|-
|[[Jalalaqsi District|Jalalaqsi]]
| [[Jalalaqsi District|Jalalaqsi]]
|-
|-
|[[El Ali|Ceelcali District (ELALI)]]
| [[Ceelcali]]
|-
|-
|[[Moqokori District|Moqakori]]
| [[Moqokori District|Moqakori]]
|-
|-
|[[Mataban District|Mataban]]
| [[Mataban District|Mataban]]
|-
|-
|[[Mahas District|Maxaas]]
| [[Mahas District|Maxaas]]
|-
|-
|[[Buq Aqable District|Buq aqable]]
| [[Buq Aqable District|Buq aqable]]
|}
|}

=== Districts of the Middle Shabelle region ===
=== Towns of the Middle Shabelle region ===
{| class="wikitable sortable"
{| class="wikitable sortable"
! citys
!District
|-
| [[Jowhar District, Somalia|Jowhar]]
|-
|-
| [[Balcad Somalia|Balcad]]
|[[Jowhar]]
|-
|-
|[[Balad District, Somalia|Balcad]]
| [[Mahaday District, Somalia|Mahaday]]
|-
|-
| [[Cadale District, Somalia|Cadale]]
||[[Mahaday Weyn|Mahaday]]
|-
|-
⚫
| [[Miirtaqwe District|Miirtaqwe]]
|[[Adale]]
|-
|-
⚫
| {{ill|Biya Cade|so}}
⚫
|[[Miirtaqwe District|Miirtaqwe]]
|-
|-
| [[Warsheikh District, Somalia|Warsheikh]]
⚫
|[[Biya Cade]]
|-
|-
|[[Warsheikh District|Warsheikh]]
| [[Adan Yabal District, Somalia|Adan Yabal]]
|-
|-
⚫
| [[Caligaduud]]
|[[Adan Yabal District|Adan Yabal]]
|-
|-
| [[Ceel Baraf District, Somalia|Ceel Baraf]]
⚫
|[[Masaajid Caligaduud]]
|-
|-
| [[Ruunirgood District, Somalia|Ruunirgood]]
|[[Ceel Baraf]]
|-
|-
|[[Runirgod District|Ruun Nirgood]]
| [[Hawadley District, Somalia|Hawadley]]
|}
|}


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The road that passes through Jowhar and connects the cities of [[Jalalaqsi]] and Mogadishu is considered relatively safe. The road from Jalalaqsi to [[Buloburde]] serves as a supply route for the city of Buloburde, but may be subject to attacks by [[Al-Shabaab (militant group)|Al-Shabaab]]. The road from Bulobarde through the Halgan village in [[Beledweyne|Beledwayne]] passes through Al-Shabab territory, and is therefore more susceptible to attacks by the group. At the same time, the movement of civil transport can be carried out through the territory of Al-Shabaab.
The road that passes through Jowhar and connects the cities of [[Jalalaqsi]] and Mogadishu is considered relatively safe. The road from Jalalaqsi to [[Buloburde]] serves as a supply route for the city of Buloburde, but may be subject to attacks by [[Al-Shabaab (militant group)|Al-Shabaab]]. The road from Bulobarde through the Halgan village in [[Beledweyne|Beledwayne]] passes through Al-Shabab territory, and is therefore more susceptible to attacks by the group. At the same time, the movement of civil transport can be carried out through the territory of Al-Shabaab.


==Climate==
== Climate ==
In March and April, the average daily maximum temperature in [[Beledweyne]], the capital of Hiraan, is {{convert|36.7|C|F}}. In December, the average daily maximum temperature is {{convert|21.9|C|F}}.
In March and April, the average daily maximum temperature in [[Beledweyne]], the capital of Hiraan, is {{convert|36.7|C|F}}. In December, the average daily maximum temperature is {{convert|21.9|C|F}}.
{{Weather box
{{Weather box
|location = Beledweyne, Somalia
| location = Beledweyne, Somalia
|metric first = Yes
| metric first = Yes
|single line = Yes
| single line = Yes
|Jan record high C = 41.5
| Jan record high C = 41.5
|Feb record high C = 42.5
| Feb record high C = 42.5
|Mar record high C = 43.0
| Mar record high C = 43.0
|Apr record high C = 43.0
| Apr record high C = 43.0
|May record high C = 41.3
| May record high C = 41.3
|Jun record high C = 39.0
| Jun record high C = 39.0
|Jul record high C = 39.0
| Jul record high C = 39.0
|Aug record high C = 39.0
| Aug record high C = 39.0
|Sep record high C = 40.2
| Sep record high C = 40.2
|Oct record high C = 45.0
| Oct record high C = 45.0
|Nov record high C = 40.0
| Nov record high C = 40.0
|Dec record high C = 42.0
| Dec record high C = 42.0
|year record high C = 45.0
| year record high C = 45.0
|Jan high C = 34.5
| Jan high C = 34.5
|Feb high C = 35.4
| Feb high C = 35.4
|Mar high C = 36.7
| Mar high C = 36.7
|Apr high C = 36.9
| Apr high C = 36.9
|May high C = 34.9
| May high C = 34.9
|Jun high C = 34.0
| Jun high C = 34.0
|Jul high C = 33.0
| Jul high C = 33.0
|Aug high C = 33.8
| Aug high C = 33.8
|Sep high C = 35.3
| Sep high C = 35.3
|Oct high C = 34.4
| Oct high C = 34.4
|Nov high C = 34.8
| Nov high C = 34.8
|Dec high C = 34.5
| Dec high C = 34.5
|year high C = 34.8
| year high C = 34.8
|Jan mean C = 28.2
| Jan mean C = 28.2
|Feb mean C = 28.7
| Feb mean C = 28.7
|Mar mean C = 30.0
| Mar mean C = 30.0
|Apr mean C = 30.4
| Apr mean C = 30.4
|May mean C = 29.2
| May mean C = 29.2
|Jun mean C = 28.4
| Jun mean C = 28.4
|Jul mean C = 27.8
| Jul mean C = 27.8
|Aug mean C = 27.7
| Aug mean C = 27.7
|Sep mean C = 29.0
| Sep mean C = 29.0
|Oct mean C = 28.7
| Oct mean C = 28.7
|Nov mean C = 28.5
| Nov mean C = 28.5
|Dec mean C = 28.5
| Dec mean C = 28.5
|year mean C = 28.7
| year mean C = 28.7
|Jan low C = 22.0
| Jan low C = 22.0
|Feb low C = 22.0
| Feb low C = 22.0
|Mar low C = 23.4
| Mar low C = 23.4
|Apr low C = 23.9
| Apr low C = 23.9
|May low C = 23.4
| May low C = 23.4
|Jun low C = 22.8
| Jun low C = 22.8
|Jul low C = 22.6
| Jul low C = 22.6
|Aug low C = 21.6
| Aug low C = 21.6
|Sep low C = 22.7
| Sep low C = 22.7
|Oct low C = 22.6
| Oct low C = 22.6
|Nov low C = 22.3
| Nov low C = 22.3
|Dec low C = 22.3
| Dec low C = 22.3
|year low C = 22.6
| year low C = 22.6
|Jan record low C = 16.0
| Jan record low C = 16.0
|Feb record low C = 16.5
| Feb record low C = 16.5
|Mar record low C = 17.0
| Mar record low C = 17.0
|Apr record low C = 16.0
| Apr record low C = 16.0
|May record low C = 18.0
| May record low C = 18.0
|Jun record low C = 17.0
| Jun record low C = 17.0
|Jul record low C = 17.0
| Jul record low C = 17.0
|Aug record low C = 16.3
| Aug record low C = 16.3
|Sep record low C = 17.2
| Sep record low C = 17.2
|Oct record low C = 17.0
| Oct record low C = 17.0
|Nov record low C = 15.0
| Nov record low C = 15.0
|Dec record low C = 15.0
| Dec record low C = 15.0
|year record low C = 15.0
| year record low C = 15.0
|precipitation colour = green
| precipitation colour = green
|Jan precipitation mm = 0
| Jan precipitation mm = 0
|Feb precipitation mm = 1
| Feb precipitation mm = 1
|Mar precipitation mm = 5
| Mar precipitation mm = 5
|Apr precipitation mm = 48
| Apr precipitation mm = 48
|May precipitation mm = 59
| May precipitation mm = 59
|Jun precipitation mm = 6
| Jun precipitation mm = 6
|Jul precipitation mm = 3
| Jul precipitation mm = 3
|Aug precipitation mm = 3
| Aug precipitation mm = 3
|Sep precipitation mm = 8
| Sep precipitation mm = 8
|Oct precipitation mm = 51
| Oct precipitation mm = 51
|Nov precipitation mm = 16
| Nov precipitation mm = 16
|Dec precipitation mm = 5
| Dec precipitation mm = 5
|year precipitation mm = 204
| year precipitation mm = 204
|unit precipitation days = 1.0 mm
| unit precipitation days = 1.0 mm
|Jan precipitation days = 0
| Jan precipitation days = 0
|Feb precipitation days = 0
| Feb precipitation days = 0
|Mar precipitation days = 0
| Mar precipitation days = 0
|Apr precipitation days = 5
| Apr precipitation days = 5
|May precipitation days = 5
| May precipitation days = 5
|Jun precipitation days = 0
| Jun precipitation days = 0
|Jul precipitation days = 0
| Jul precipitation days = 0
|Aug precipitation days = 0
| Aug precipitation days = 0
|Sep precipitation days = 0
| Sep precipitation days = 0
|Oct precipitation days = 4
| Oct precipitation days = 4
|Nov precipitation days = 2
| Nov precipitation days = 2
|Dec precipitation days = 0
| Dec precipitation days = 0
|year precipitation days = 20
| year precipitation days = 20
|Jan humidity = 58
| Jan humidity = 58
|Feb humidity = 57
| Feb humidity = 57
|Mar humidity = 57
| Mar humidity = 57
|Apr humidity = 60
| Apr humidity = 60
|May humidity = 64
| May humidity = 64
|Jun humidity = 61
| Jun humidity = 61
|Jul humidity = 65
| Jul humidity = 65
|Aug humidity = 64
| Aug humidity = 64
|Sep humidity = 59
| Sep humidity = 59
|Oct humidity = 64
| Oct humidity = 64
|Nov humidity = 63
| Nov humidity = 63
|Dec humidity = 62
| Dec humidity = 62
|year humidity = 61
| year humidity = 61
|Jan sun = 288.3
| Jan sun = 288.3
|Feb sun = 276.9
| Feb sun = 276.9
|Mar sun = 288.3
| Mar sun = 288.3
|Apr sun = 243.0
| Apr sun = 243.0
|May sun = 272.8
| May sun = 272.8
|Jun sun = 249.0
| Jun sun = 249.0
|Jul sun = 201.5
| Jul sun = 201.5
|Aug sun = 232.5
| Aug sun = 232.5
|Sep sun = 246.0
| Sep sun = 246.0
|Oct sun = 223.2
| Oct sun = 223.2
|Nov sun = 243.0
| Nov sun = 243.0
|Dec sun = 269.7
| Dec sun = 269.7
|year sun =
| year sun =
|Jand sun = 9.3
| Jand sun = 9.3
|Febd sun = 9.8
| Febd sun = 9.8
|Mard sun = 9.3
| Mard sun = 9.3
|Aprd sun = 8.1
| Aprd sun = 8.1
|Mayd sun = 8.8
| Mayd sun = 8.8
|Jund sun = 8.3
| Jund sun = 8.3
|Juld sun = 6.5
| Juld sun = 6.5
|Augd sun = 7.5
| Augd sun = 7.5
|Sepd sun = 8.2
| Sepd sun = 8.2
|Octd sun = 7.2
| Octd sun = 7.2
|Novd sun = 8.1
| Novd sun = 8.1
|Decd sun = 8.7
| Decd sun = 8.7
|yeard sun = 8.3
| yeard sun = 8.3
| Jan percentsun = 80
| Jan percentsun = 80
| Feb percentsun = 79
| Feb percentsun = 79
Line 314: Line 317:
| Dec percentsun = 69
| Dec percentsun = 69
| year percentsun =
| year percentsun =
|source 1 = [[Deutscher Wetterdienst]]<ref name = DWD>{{cite web
| source 1 = [[Deutscher Wetterdienst]]<ref name = DWD>{{cite web
| url = http://www.dwd.de/DWD/klima/beratung/ak/ak_632400_kt.pdf
| url = http://www.dwd.de/DWD/klima/beratung/ak/ak_632400_kt.pdf
| title = Klimatafel von Beled Weyne (Belet Uen) / Somalia
| title = Klimatafel von Beled Weyne (Belet Uen) / Somalia
| work = Baseline climate means (1961-1990) from stations all over the world
| work = Baseline climate means (1961–1990) from stations all over the world
| publisher = Deutscher Wetterdienst
| publisher = Deutscher Wetterdienst
| language = de
| language = de
Line 325: Line 328:
| url-status = live
| url-status = live
}}</ref>
}}</ref>
|source 2 = Food and Agriculture Organization: Somalia Water and Land Management (per cent sunshine)<ref name = faosun>{{cite web
| source 2 = Food and Agriculture Organization: Somalia Water and Land Management (per cent sunshine)<ref name = faosun>{{cite web
| url = http://sddr.faoswalim.org/downloads/Long%20Term%20Mean_Monthly__sunshine%20fraction.xls
| url = http://sddr.faoswalim.org/downloads/Long%20Term%20Mean_Monthly__sunshine%20fraction.xls
| title = Long term mean monthly sunshine fraction in Somalia
| title = Long term mean monthly sunshine fraction in Somalia
Line 336: Line 339:
}}
}}


==References==
== References ==
{{Reflist}}
{{Reflist}}


==External links==
== External links ==
* [http://allafrica.com/stories/201703020388.html Somalia: Hirshabelle Solves Dispute Between Top Leadership]
* [http://allafrica.com/stories/201703020388.html Somalia: Hirshabelle Solves Dispute Between Top Leadership]
* [http://www.garoweonline.com/en/news/somalia/somalia-following-delays-hirshabelle-president-unveils-cabinet Somalia: Following delays Hirshabelle President unveils cabinet]
* [http://www.garoweonline.com/en/news/somalia/somalia-following-delays-hirshabelle-president-unveils-cabinet Somalia: Following delays Hirshabelle President unveils cabinet]
* [http://citizen.co.za/news/news-africa/1378193/amisom-launches-operation-antelope-hirshabelle-state-somalia/ Amisom launches Operation Antelope in HirShabelle state, Somalia] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200808033612/http://citizen.co.za/news/news-africa/1378193/amisom-launches-operation-antelope-hirshabelle-state-somalia/ |date=8 August 2020 }}
* [http://citizen.co.za/news/news-africa/1378193/amisom-launches-operation-antelope-hirshabelle-state-somalia/ Amisom launches Operation Antelope in HirShabelle state, Somalia] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200808033612/http://citizen.co.za/news/news-africa/1378193/amisom-launches-operation-antelope-hirshabelle-state-somalia/ |date=8 August 2020 }}
*[https://www.refworld.org.ru/pdfid/5baf873f4.pdf Отчет EASO — Информация о стране происхождения. Сомали. Ситуация в сфере безопасно]
* [https://www.refworld.org.ru/pdfid/5baf873f4.pdf Отчет EASO — Информация о стране происхождения. Сомали. Ситуация в сфере безопасно]
* [https://www.refworld.org.ru/pdfid/5baf873f4.pdf сти]
* [https://www.refworld.org.ru/pdfid/5baf873f4.pdf сти]


Latest revision as of 10:22, 8 November 2024

Hirshabelle State of Somalia
  • Dowlad Goboleedka Hirshabeele ee Soomaaliya (Somali)
  • ولاية هيرشابيل الصومال  (Arabic)
  • Wilāyat hirshabeele aṣ-Ṣūmāl
Flag of Hirshabelle
Flag
Coat of arms of Hirshabelle
Coat of arms
Anthem: Qolobaa Calankeed
Location of Hirshabelle
Capital
and largest city
Jowhar
04°44′09″N 045°12′13″E / 4.73583°N 45.20361°E / 4.73583; 45.20361
Official languagesSomali
Ethnic groups
Somali
Religion
Islam
Demonym(s)Somali
GovernmentFederated state under a presidential democracy
• President
Ali Abdullahi Hussein
Autonomy Federal Member State 
within Somalia
Population
• 2019 estimate
1,189,100 (estimate)[1]
HDI0.3
low
CurrencySomali shilling (SOS)
Time zoneUTC+3 (EAT)
• Summer (DST)
UTC+3 (not observed)
Drives onright
Calling code+252 (Somalia)
ISO 3166 codeSO
Internet TLD.so

Hirshabelle, officially Hirshabelle State of Somalia (Somali: Dowlad Goboleedka Hirshabelle ee Soomaaliya), is a Federal Member State in south-central Somalia. It is bordered by Galmudug state of Somalia to the north, South West State of Somalia and Banadir region to the south, Ethiopia to the west and the Indian Ocean to the east. Jowhar is the capital state.

Hirshabelle consists of the Hiran and Middle Shabelle regions of Somalia. The name of the state originates from combining their names. Hirshabelle proclaimed itself the autonomous Federal Member State of the Federal Republic of Somalia as stipulated in the provisional Constitution of Somalia.

Background

[edit]

The creation of the Hirshabelle State has long been controversial, as both regions, Hiran and Middle Shabelle, have expressed a desire to create their own separate regional states.[citation needed]

In October 2016, local presidential elections were held, which were won by Ali Abdullahi Osoble.[2] On 11 March 2017, the Hirshabelle Parliament approved a new Cabinet of 52 Ministers. In September 2017, the Parliament elected a President, Mohamed Abdi Ware.[3]

Ali Abdullahi Hussein has held the position of president in Hirshabelle State since 2020. Out of the 99 members of Parliament, 86 cast their votes in favor of him, with the remaining 13 votes going to Abdirahman Jimale Osman.[4]

Women's rights

[edit]

In 2021, according to a report by the Somali Bureau of National Statistics, 21% of women in Hirshabelle State had experienced physical violence, 99.5% of women aged 15–49 had undergone female genital mutilation, 75% owned a mobile telephone, and 8% had used the internet in the preceding 12 months.[5] As of 2024, the Minister for Women and Human Rights was Rahma Guliye.[6]

Population

[edit]
Region Population
Middle Shabelle 900,700
Hiran 890,288 Galbeed]]

990,721

Total

2,781,709

Towns of Hiran Region

[edit]
citys
Beledweyne
Buloburde
Jalalaqsi
Ceelcali
Moqakori
Mataban
Maxaas
Buq aqable

Towns of the Middle Shabelle region

[edit]
citys
Jowhar
Balcad
Mahaday
Cadale
Miirtaqwe
Biya Cade [so]
Warsheikh
Adan Yabal
Caligaduud
Ceel Baraf
Ruunirgood
Hawadley

Administration

[edit]

The President of Hirshabelle is an executive head of Hirshabelle State of Somalia; the president is both head of state and head of government. The President can appoint and dismiss Cabinet members.

Presidents

[edit]

For a comprehensive list of the presidents of Hirshabelle State of Somalia, see the List of presidents of Hirshabelle article. The current president of Hirshabelle is Ali Abdullahi Hussein.

Transport

[edit]

The road that passes through Jowhar and connects the cities of Jalalaqsi and Mogadishu is considered relatively safe. The road from Jalalaqsi to Buloburde serves as a supply route for the city of Buloburde, but may be subject to attacks by Al-Shabaab. The road from Bulobarde through the Halgan village in Beledwayne passes through Al-Shabab territory, and is therefore more susceptible to attacks by the group. At the same time, the movement of civil transport can be carried out through the territory of Al-Shabaab.

Climate

[edit]

In March and April, the average daily maximum temperature in Beledweyne, the capital of Hiraan, is 36.7 °C (98.1 °F). In December, the average daily maximum temperature is 21.9 °C (71.4 °F).

Climate data for Beledweyne, Somalia
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 41.5
(106.7) 		42.5
(108.5) 		43.0
(109.4) 		43.0
(109.4) 		41.3
(106.3) 		39.0
(102.2) 		39.0
(102.2) 		39.0
(102.2) 		40.2
(104.4) 		45.0
(113.0) 		40.0
(104.0) 		42.0
(107.6) 		45.0
(113.0)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) 34.5
(94.1) 		35.4
(95.7) 		36.7
(98.1) 		36.9
(98.4) 		34.9
(94.8) 		34.0
(93.2) 		33.0
(91.4) 		33.8
(92.8) 		35.3
(95.5) 		34.4
(93.9) 		34.8
(94.6) 		34.5
(94.1) 		34.8
(94.6)
Daily mean °C (°F) 28.2
(82.8) 		28.7
(83.7) 		30.0
(86.0) 		30.4
(86.7) 		29.2
(84.6) 		28.4
(83.1) 		27.8
(82.0) 		27.7
(81.9) 		29.0
(84.2) 		28.7
(83.7) 		28.5
(83.3) 		28.5
(83.3) 		28.7
(83.7)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) 22.0
(71.6) 		22.0
(71.6) 		23.4
(74.1) 		23.9
(75.0) 		23.4
(74.1) 		22.8
(73.0) 		22.6
(72.7) 		21.6
(70.9) 		22.7
(72.9) 		22.6
(72.7) 		22.3
(72.1) 		22.3
(72.1) 		22.6
(72.7)
Record low °C (°F) 16.0
(60.8) 		16.5
(61.7) 		17.0
(62.6) 		16.0
(60.8) 		18.0
(64.4) 		17.0
(62.6) 		17.0
(62.6) 		16.3
(61.3) 		17.2
(63.0) 		17.0
(62.6) 		15.0
(59.0) 		15.0
(59.0) 		15.0
(59.0)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 0
(0) 		1
(0.0) 		5
(0.2) 		48
(1.9) 		59
(2.3) 		6
(0.2) 		3
(0.1) 		3
(0.1) 		8
(0.3) 		51
(2.0) 		16
(0.6) 		5
(0.2) 		204
(8.0)
Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm) 0 0 0 5 5 0 0 0 0 4 2 0 20
Average relative humidity (%) 58 57 57 60 64 61 65 64 59 64 63 62 61
Mean monthly sunshine hours 288.3 276.9 288.3 243.0 272.8 249.0 201.5 232.5 246.0 223.2 243.0 269.7 3,034.2
Mean daily sunshine hours 9.3 9.8 9.3 8.1 8.8 8.3 6.5 7.5 8.2 7.2 8.1 8.7 8.3
Percent possible sunshine 80 79 65 53 54 61 54 62 62 57 60 69 63
Source 1: Deutscher Wetterdienst[7]
Source 2: Food and Agriculture Organization: Somalia Water and Land Management (per cent sunshine)[8]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "Somalia: Subdivision and cities". www.citypopulation.de. Archived from the original on 25 April 2024. Retrieved 14 February 2024.
  2. ^ "Baarlamaanka Hirshabeele oo madaxweyne doortay — BBC News Somali". Archived from the original on 9 April 2023. Retrieved 17 November 2020.
  3. ^ "HirShabeelle oo yeelatay madaxweyne cusub — BBC News Somali". Archived from the original on 9 April 2023. Retrieved 17 November 2020.
  4. ^ "iftiin fm – ileyska ummadda". Archived from the original on 17 March 2022. Retrieved 15 November 2020.
  5. ^ Somali Health and Demographic Survey: Hirshabelle Report (PDF). Hirshabelle State o Somalia. 2021.
  6. ^ "Trailblazing Unity: Somalia Welcomes New Chapter of African Women Leaders Network". UN Women – Africa. 8 May 2024. Retrieved 17 August 2024.
  7. ^ "Klimatafel von Beled Weyne (Belet Uen) / Somalia" (PDF). Baseline climate means (1961–1990) from stations all over the world (in German). Deutscher Wetterdienst. Archived (PDF) from the original on 12 April 2020. Retrieved 22 October 2016.
  8. ^ "Long term mean monthly sunshine fraction in Somalia". Food and Agriculture Organization. Archived from the original on 5 October 2016. Retrieved 4 November 2016.
[edit]
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