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{{Short description|61st quadrennial U.S. presidential election}}
{{Short description|none}}
{{pp-extended|small=yes}}
{{Draft topics|biography|north-america|politics-and-government}}
{{Use American English|date=November 2024}}
{{AfC topic|other}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=December 2024}}

{{for|related races|2028 United States elections}}
{{Use American English|date=May 2023}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=June 2023}}
{{row hover highlight}}
{{Infobox election
{{Infobox election
| election_name = 2028 United States presidential election
| election_name = 2028 United States presidential election
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| votes_for_election = 538 members of the [[United States Electoral College|Electoral College]]
| votes_for_election = 538 members of the [[United States Electoral College|Electoral College]]
| needed_votes = 270 electoral
| needed_votes = 270 electoral
| image_size = x120px
| image_size = 200x200px
| image1 =
| image1 =
| nominee1 =
| nominee1 =
| party1 =
| party1 = Republican Party (United States)
| home_state1 =
| home_state1 =
| running_mate1 =
| running_mate1 =
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| image2 =
| image2 =
| nominee2 =
| nominee2 =
| party2 =
| party2 = Democratic Party (United States)
| home_state2 =
| home_state2 =
| running_mate2 =
| running_mate2 =
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| popular_vote2 =
| popular_vote2 =
| percentage2 =
| percentage2 =
| map_image = {{2024 United States presidential election imagemap}}
| map_image = {{2028 United States presidential election imagemap}}
| map_size =
| map_size =
| map_caption = 2028 electoral map, based on the results of the [[2020 United States census|2020 census]]
| map_caption = 2028 electoral map, based on the results of the [[2020 United States census|2020 census]].
| title = [[President of the United States|President]]
| title = President
| before_election = [[Donald Trump]] ([[President-elect of the United States|President-elect]])
| before_election = [[Donald Trump]] <!--He'll be in office, by then-->
| before_party = Republican Party (United States)
| before_party = [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]]
| after_election = {{TBD|2028|11|8}}
| after_election = {{TBD|2028|11|8}}
| after_party = {{TBD|2028|11|8}}
| after_party = {{TBD|2028|11|8}}
}}
}}


[[United States presidential election|Presidential election]]s are scheduled to be held in the [[United States]] on November 7, 2028,<ref name="va">{{cite web |title=Election Planning Calendar |url=http://www.essex-virginia.org/UserFiles/Servers/Server_62876/File/Voter%20Registration/Election%20Planning%20Calendar%20Through%202024%20%28ESSEX%29.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160207003141/http://www.essex-virginia.org/UserFiles/Servers/Server_62876/File/Voter%20Registration/Election%20Planning%20Calendar%20Through%202024%20%28ESSEX%29.pdf |archive-date=February 7, 2016 |access-date=February 6, 2016|website=Essex-Virginia.org }}</ref> to elect a [[President of the United States|president]] and [[Vice President of the United States|vice president]] for a term of four years. The victors of the election are expected to be inaugurated on January 20, 2029.
The '''2028 United States presidential election''' will be the 61st quadrennial [[United States presidential election|presidential election]], set to be held on Tuesday, [[November 7]], [[2028]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Sangamon County > Departments > A-C > County Clerk > Elections > Election Information > Future Election Dates & Election Calendars |url=https://sangamonil.gov/departments/a-c/county-clerk/elections/election-information/future-election-dates-election-calendars |access-date=2024-08-22 |website=sangamonil.gov}}</ref> Voters in [[List of U.S. states and territories by population|each state]] and the [[Washington, D.C.|District of Columbia]] will choose electors to the [[Electoral college|Electoral College]], who will then elect a [[President of the United States|president]] and [[vice president]] for a term of four years.


After winning [[2016 United States presidential election|the 2016]] and [[2024 United States presidential election|2024 presidential]] elections, [[Donald Trump]] is ineligible for a third term, due to the provisions of the [[Twenty-second Amendment to the United States Constitution|Twenty-second Amendment]]. Trump's second term expires at noon on January 20, 2029, when the winners of the election will be inaugurated as the president and vice president of the United States.
The winners of this election (and the new president-elect and vice president-elect after it) are set to be inaugurated on January 20, 2029. [[President-elect of the United States|President-elect]] [[Donald Trump]], who won the [[2024 United States presidential election|previous election]]<!--and served from 2025 to 2029 -->, will be ineligible to pursue a third term in 2028 due to the two-term limit established by the [[Twenty-second Amendment to the U.S. Constitution]].


As the [[vice president-elect of the United States]], [[JD Vance]] is likely to be considered a [[Front-runner|frontrunner]] for the [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]] nomination for president, with governors [[Ron DeSantis]] of [[Florida]], [[Brian Kemp]] of [[Georgia (U.S. state)|Georgia]] and [[Glenn Youngkin]] of [[Virginia]] as potential contenders.
== Background ==


[[Vice President of the United States|Vice President]] [[Kamala Harris]], [[List of current United States governors|governors]] [[Andy Beshear]] of [[Kentucky]], [[Roy Cooper]] of [[North Carolina]], [[Wes Moore]] of [[Maryland]], [[Gavin Newsom]] of [[California]], [[JB Pritzker]] of [[Illinois]], [[Josh Shapiro]] of [[Pennsylvania]], and [[Gretchen Whitmer]] of [[Michigan]] along with [[US Representative|representative]] [[Dean Phillips]] of [[Minnesota]] are considered potential contenders for the [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic]] presidential nomination.
=== Procedure ===
{{Main articles|United States presidential election#Procedure}}


{{TOC limit|3}}
[[Article Two of the United States Constitution|Article Two]] of the [[United States Constitution]] states that for a person to serve as president, the individual must be a [[Natural-born-citizen clause (United States)|natural-born citizen of the United States]], be at least 35 years old, and have been a United States resident for at least 14 years. The [[Twenty-second Amendment]] forbids any person from being elected president more than twice. Major party candidates seek the nomination through a series of [[Primary election|primary elections]] that select the delegates who choose the candidate at the party's national convention. The national convention chooses a vice presidential [[running mate]] to form that party's [[Ticket (election)|ticket]]. The nominee for president usually picks the running mate, who is then ratified by the delegates at the party's convention.


==Background==
The general election in November is an indirect election, in which voters cast ballots for a slate of members of the [[Electoral College (United States)|Electoral College]]; these electors then directly elect the president and vice president.
{{See also|2024 United States presidential election|2024 United States elections}}
[[File:Donald Trump official portrait (cropped).jpg|thumb|upright|[[Donald Trump]] will be term-limited once his second term ends at noon on January 20, 2029]]
The Republican Party, represented by [[Donald Trump]] and [[JD Vance]], is expected to come to power in the United States in January 2025 following the [[2024 United States presidential election|2024 election]]. Trump, who was elected president in [[2016 United States presidential election|2016]] but lost a re-election bid in [[2020 United States presidential election|2020]] to [[Joe Biden]], defeated Vice President [[Kamala Harris]], who began [[Kamala Harris 2024 presidential campaign|her campaign]] following President [[Withdrawal of Joe Biden from the 2024 United States presidential election|Joe Biden's exit from the 2024 election]]. Trump's victory was credited to a [[2021–2023 inflation surge in the United States|surge in inflation]] and an [[Mexico–United States border crisis|immigration crisis]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2024/11/06/us/politics/trump-wins-presidency.html |title=Donald Trump Returns to Power, Ushering in New Era of Uncertainty |date=November 6, 2024 |last1=Goldmacher |first1=Shane |last2=Lerer |first2=Lisa |work=[[The New York Times]] |access-date=November 11, 2024}}</ref> Republicans secured control of the [[United States Senate|Senate]] and retained a [[United States House of Representatives|House]] majority.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/elections/2024/11/10/uncalled-house-races-2024-election-results/ |title=Republicans inch toward 'trifecta' control of House, Senate, White House |date=November 12, 2024 |last1=Sotomayor |first1=Marianna |last2=Vazquez |first2=Maegan |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |access-date=November 14, 2024}}</ref>


=== Electoral map ===
==Electoral system==
The president and vice president of the United States are elected through the [[United States Electoral College|Electoral College]], a group of 538 presidential electors who convene to vote for the president and vice president. The number of electors in the Electoral College is determined through the total number of [[United States Senate|senators]] and [[United States House of Representatives|representatives]] with an additional three representatives for [[Washington, D.C.]]. Electors cast votes for the president and vice president; the winner is elected through a majority of 270 votes. If the election ends in a tie, a [[contingent election]] occurs, in which the House of Representatives votes on the president and the Senate votes on the vice president. Forty-eight states use a [[winner-take-all system]] in which states award all of their electors to the winner of the popular vote. In [[Maine]] and [[Nebraska]], two votes are allocated to the winner of the popular vote, while each of the individual congressional districts have one vote. Electoral votes are certified by state electors in December and by [[United States Congress|Congress]] on January 6.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2024/11/02/us/politics/what-is-the-electoral-college.html |title=What to Know About the Electoral College |date=November 2, 2024 |last=Hassan |first=Adeel |work=[[The New York Times]] |access-date=November 11, 2024}}</ref>


Presidential candidates are selected in a [[United States presidential primary|presidential primary]], conducted through [[Primary elections in the United States|primary elections]] or [[Caucus#Caucuses to select election candidates|caucuses]]. The results of primary elections, ran by state governments, and caucuses, ran by state parties, bind convention delegates to candidates. The [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic Party]] mandates a proportional allocation if a candidate receives at least fifteen percent in a given congressional district, while the [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican Party]] gives state parties the authority to allocate all of the delegates to a candidate within the "proportionality window", set by the first two weeks of March. After the window, state parties may set individual rules.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/monkey-cage/wp/2015/05/12/everything-you-need-to-know-about-how-the-presidential-primary-works/ |title=Everything you need to know about how the presidential primary works |date=May 12, 2015 |last=Putnam |first=Josh |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |access-date=November 11, 2024}}</ref> A [[brokered convention]] occurs when a candidate does not receive a majority of votes on the first round of voting,<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/02/27/us/politics/brokered-democratic-convention.html |title=A Brokered Convention? Here's What's Happened Before |date=February 27, 2020 |last=Cramer |first=Maria |work=[[The New York Times]] |access-date=November 11, 2024}}</ref> or when a candidate withdraws.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://thehill.com/homenews/nexstar_media_wire/4784607-after-biden-drops-out-of-2024-race-does-kamala-harris-become-the-democratic-nominee-not-exactly/ |title=After Biden drops out of 2024 race, does Kamala Harris become the Democratic nominee? Not exactly |date=July 21, 2024 |last=Bink |first=Addy |work=[[The Hill (magazine)|The Hill]] |access-date=November 11, 2024}}</ref>
==== Electoral partisanship ====
{{Further|Red states and blue states}}
Approximate partisan lean of the 50 U.S. states and the District of Columbia on the presidential level. The shading of each state denotes the winner's two-party vote share, averaged between the 2016 and 2020 presidential elections. States that flipped in 2020 are colored grey.
In recent presidential elections, most states are not competitive, since their demographics keep them solidly behind one party. Because of the nature of the [[Electoral College]], this means that [[swing states]]—states that are typically very competitive and "swing" between the Democratic and Republican parties—are vital to winning the presidency. These include states in the [[Midwestern United States]], such as [[Wisconsin]], [[Michigan]], and [[Pennsylvania]], and states in the [[Sun Belt]], such as [[Nevada]], [[Arizona]], [[Georgia (U.S. state)|Georgia]] and [[North Carolina]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=What are the current swing states, and how have they changed over time? |url=https://usafacts.org/articles/what-are-the-current-swing-states-and-how-have-they-changed-over-time/ |access-date=2024-08-22 |website=USAFacts |language=en}}</ref>. Due to gradual demographic shifts, some swing states such as [[Iowa]], [[Ohio]], and [[Florida]] have shifted significantly towards Republicans, favoring them in statewide and local elections. Meanwhile, states like [[Colorado]], [[Minnesota]] and [[Virginia]] have moved noticeably towards Democrats, and they have become the dominant political force there.


[[Article Two of the United States Constitution|Article Two]] of the [[United States Constitution]] states that for a person to serve as president, the individual must be a [[Natural-born-citizen clause (United States)|natural-born citizen of the United States]], be at least 35 years of age, and have been a United States resident for at least 14 years.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The 2nd Article of the U.S. Constitution |url=https://constitutioncenter.org/the-constitution/articles/article-ii |access-date=November 8, 2024 |website=National Constitution Center|language=en}}</ref> The [[Twenty-second Amendment]] forbids any person from being elected president more than twice.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The 22nd Amendment of the U.S. Constitution |url=https://constitutioncenter.org/the-constitution/amendments/amendment-xxii |access-date=November 8, 2024 |website=National Constitution Center |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Zhou |first=Li |date=November 8, 2024 |title=Can Trump run again in 2028? Here's what you need to know. |url=https://www.vox.com/politics/383616/trump-third-term-constitution-22nd-amendment |access-date=November 13, 2024 |website=[[Vox (website)|Vox]] |language=en-US}}</ref> Trump is ineligible to seek a third term.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2024/11/18/us/politics/trump-third-term-2028-constitution.html |title=No, Trump Cannot Run for Re-election Again in 2028 |date=November 18, 2024 |last=Vigdor |first=Neil |work=[[The New York Times]] |access-date=November 18, 2024}}</ref>
The traditional Democratic electoral coalition, securing the "blue states" for Democratic presidential candidates, is mainly composed of minority groups (especially [[African-Americans]] and [[Latinos]]), women, educated professionals, and urban voters. [[Working class]] voters were also a mainstay of the Democratic coalition since the days of the [[New Deal coalition|New Deal]], but since the 1970s, many have defected to Republicans as the Democratic Party became significantly more educated, diverse, and culturally liberal. Conversely, the traditional Republican coalition that dominates many "red states" is mainly composed of rural white voters, evangelicals, the elderly, and non-college educated voters. Republicans have also historically performed well with [[suburban]], [[middle class]] voters since the 1950s, but this bloc has drifted away from them in recent years due to the rise of the [[Tea Party movement]] and later the [[Make America Great Again]] movement, a brand of [[right-wing populism]] cultivated by former President [[Donald Trump]]. The acceleration of this trend has been credited with tipping the [[2020 United States presidential election|2020 presidential election]] in favor of Democrat [[Joe Biden]], since the incumbent Trump was historically unpopular in the suburbs for a Republican candidate, underperforming there significantly.


===Electoral map===
== Candidates ==
{{Main|Red states and blue states}}
<!--under NO circumstances may speculative content be placed in this section. SOURCED CONTENT ONLY. -->
[[File:2020_Cook_PVI.svg|thumb|This map shows how partisan states are by the [[Cook Partisan Voting Index]]. Swing states are the states in lighter colors.]]
Most U.S. states are not highly competitive in presidential elections, often voting consistently for the same party due to longstanding demographic differences. In the Electoral College, this results in major-party candidates primarily focusing their campaigns on [[swing states]], which can swing between parties from election to election. These states are critical for a presidential candidate's path to victory. For 2028, the expected swing states likely include the [[Rust Belt]] states of [[Pennsylvania]], [[Wisconsin]], and [[Michigan]], as well as the [[Sun Belt]] states of [[Arizona]], [[Georgia (U.S. state)|Georgia]], [[Nevada]], and [[North Carolina]],{{cn|date=November 2024}} all of which were narrowly won by Trump in 2024.<ref>{{cite web |last=Mallinson |first=Daniel J. |date=November 7, 2024 |title=How Trump won Pennsylvania − and what the numbers from key counties show about the future of a pivotal swing state |url=https://theconversation.com/how-trump-won-pennsylvania-and-what-the-numbers-from-key-counties-show-about-the-future-of-a-pivotal-swing-state-243127 |access-date=November 13, 2024 |website=[[The Conversation (website)|The Conversation]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last=Wolf |first=Zachary B. |date=November 9, 2024 |title=Analysis: Trump's win was real but not a landslide. Here's where it ranks |url=https://edition.cnn.com/2024/11/09/politics/donald-trump-election-what-matters/index.html |access-date=November 13, 2024 |website=[[CNN]] }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Sedghi |first=Amy |date=November 10, 2024 |title=Trump wins Arizona to clinch sweep of seven battleground states |url=https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2024/nov/10/trump-wins-arizona-completing-sweep-of-all-seven-battleground-states-ap-reports |access-date=November 13, 2024 |work=[[The Guardian]] |issn=0261-3077}}</ref> The ''[[Minnesota Star Tribune]]'' also reported that the close margin in Minnesota would make it specifically a very likely swing state.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.startribune.com/ramstad-minnesota-will-be-a-swing-state-in-2028/601179983|title=Ramstad: Minnesota will be a swing state in the 2028 election|first=Evan|last=Ramstad|date=November 13, 2024|website=[[Minnesota Star Tribune]]}}</ref>


Red states, also known as the [[Red wall (US politics)|red wall or red sea]], are states that consistently vote [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]] at the national level. The red wall has rarely been broken, as these states almost never swing. The last significant breach of the red wall occurred in the [[1992 United States presidential election]]. States formerly considered swing states, such as [[Florida]], [[Iowa]], and [[Ohio]], voted for Trump in all three of his elections, with increasing margins in each election (and have become reliably red in other state and federal elections) which suggests that they are no longer swing states.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Kondik |first1=Kyle |title=No, Ohio Is Not in Play |url=https://www.politico.com/news/magazine/2023/08/29/forget-about-ohio-its-fools-gold-00113224 |access-date=November 8, 2024 |date=August 29, 2023 |website=[[Politico]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Bischoff |first1=Laura A. |title=What's the future for Ohio Democrats after huge election losses? |url=https://eu.dispatch.com/story/news/politics/state/2024/11/08/gop-scores-huge-wins-in-ohio-whats-next-for-democrats/75368161007/ |access-date=November 8, 2024 |work=[[The Columbus Dispatch]] |date=November 8, 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Kephart |first1=Tim |title=Florida joins the rest of the Deep South as a Republican stronghold |url=https://www.abcactionnews.com/news/state/florida-joins-the-rest-of-the-deep-south-as-a-republican-stronghold |access-date=November 8, 2024 |work=[[WFTS-TV]] |date=November 6, 2024}}</ref> Blue states are states that consistently vote [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic]] at the national level. The blue states in 2024 include what is sometimes called the [[blue wall (U.S. politics)|blue wall]],<ref>{{cite web|url=https://apnews.com/article/kamala-harris-donald-trump-blue-wall-campaign-081a71ffb0cd15f5e48b92640aa94447|title=The Latest: Harris keeps a focus on 'blue wall' states in the campaign's final weeks|date=October 17, 2024|website=[[Associated Press]]}}</ref> as well as [[Colorado]], [[New Hampshire]], [[New Mexico]], and [[Virginia]], former swing states that have become reliably blue since 2008 even in Republican national victories.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Mejia |first1=Elena |last2=Skelley |first2=Geoffrey |title=How The 2020 Election Changed The Electoral Map |date=December 8, 2020 |url=https://projects.fivethirtyeight.com/2020-swing-states/ |access-date=March 19, 2021 |archive-date=April 14, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220414215627/https://projects.fivethirtyeight.com/2020-swing-states/ |website=[[FiveThirtyEight]] |url-status=live }}</ref> Due to its recent record of voting Democratic even during Republican national wins, [[Nebraska's 2nd congressional district]] is also sometimes considered blue.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2024/09/20/us/politics/nebraska-trump-electoral-vote.html |title=How One Man's Vote in Nebraska Could Change the Presidential Election|first1=Jonathan |last1=Weisman |first2=Reid |last2=Epstein |newspaper=[[The New York Times]] |date=September 20, 2024 |archive-url=https://archive.ph/OVJeT |archive-date=September 23, 2024 |url-status=live }}</ref>
=== Democratic Party ===
====Publicly expressed interest====
* [[Jared Polis]], 43rd [[Governor of Colorado]] (2019–present), [[U.S. Representative]] from [[Colorado's 2nd congressional district]] (2009–2019), member of the [[Colorado State Board of Education]] from the at-large district<ref name=int>{{cite web |url=https://nymag.com/intelligencer/2022/07/bernie-sanders-wont-run-again-who-replaces-him.html |title=Who Comes After Bernie? |date=July 13, 2022 |work=Intelligencer |first1=Ross |last1=Barkan}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Polis won't rule out a 2028 presidential bid|url=https://www.politico.com/news/2024/02/22/colorado-gov-polis-on-2028-presidential-bid-00142669#:~:text=Colorado%20Democratic%20Gov.,time%20to%20think%20about%20things.|date=February 22, 2024|access-date=July 1, 2024|author=McCarthy, Mia|work=politico}}</ref>
* [[Gretchen Whitmer]], 49th [[Governor of Michigan]] (2019–present), [[Ingham County, Michigan|Ingham County]] [[List of district attorneys by county#Michigan|Prosecuting Attorney]] (2016), Minority Leader of the [[Michigan Senate]] (2011–2015) from the [[Michigan's 23rd Senate district|23rd district]] (2006–2015), member of the [[Michigan House of Representatives]] from the [[Michigan's 69th House of Representatives district|69th district]] (2001–2006)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.mlive.com/news/2024/03/gov-whitmer-gives-a-wink-during-washington-speech-see-you-in-2029.html|title=Gov. Whitmer gives a wink during Washington speech: 'See you in 2029'|date=March 18, 2024|access-date=March 18, 2024|website=mlive.com|author=Durr, Matt}}</ref>
{{Gallery
| title = Democrats who have expressed interest
| align = center
| footer =
| style =
| state =
| mode = packed
| height = 160
| width = 160
| captionstyle =
|File:Jared Polis official photo.jpg|{{Center|[[Governor of Colorado|Governor]]<br/> '''[[Jared Polis]]'''<br/> of [[Colorado]]}}
|File:Gretchen Whitmer Taiwan 20240304.jpg|{{Center|[[Governor of Michigan|Governor]]<br/> '''[[Gretchen Whitmer]]'''<br/> of [[Michigan]]}}
||}}
<!--under NO circumstances may speculative content be placed in this section. SOURCED CONTENT ONLY. -->


== Republican Party ==
===Potential candidates===
* [[Joe Biden]], 46th
[[President of the United States (2021-present), 47th [[Vice President of the United States]] (2009-2017)
* [[Andy Beshear]], 63rd [[Governor of Kentucky]] (2019–present), 50th [[Attorney General of Kentucky]] (2016–2019)<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://thehill.com/homenews/campaign/4300568-andy-beshear-kentucky-governor-2028-2024-president/ |title=Beshear's star rises after Kentucky victory |date=November 8, 2023 |work=The Hill |first=Jared |last=Gans}}</ref><ref name="Scher">{{cite web |url=https://www.politico.com/news/magazine/2023/12/26/who-is-winning-2028-presidential-election-00133119|title=Which 2028 Presidential Wannabe Had the Best Year?|date=December 26, 2023 |work=Politico|first1=Bill|last1=Scher}}</ref>
* [[Cory Booker]], [[United States Senator]] from [[New Jersey]] (2013–present), 38th [[Mayor of Newark|Mayor]] of [[Newark, New Jersey]] (2006–2013), candidate for president in [[Cory Booker 2020 presidential campaign|2020]]<ref name="mccaskill"/>
* [[Jamaal Bowman]], [[United States Representative]] from [[New York's 16th congressional district]]<ref name="mccaskill"/>
* [[Pete Buttigieg]], 19th [[United States Secretary of Transportation]] (2021–present), 32nd [[Mayor of South Bend]] (2012–2020), candidate for president in [[Pete Buttigieg 2020 presidential campaign|2020]]<ref name="Scher">{{cite web |url=https://www.politico.com/news/magazine/2023/12/26/who-is-winning-2028-presidential-election-00133119|title=Which 2028 Presidential Wannabe Had the Best Year?|date=December 26, 2023 |work=Politico|first1=Bill|last1=Scher}}</ref><ref name="Dovere">{{cite web |url=https://amp.cnn.com/cnn/2023/12/03/politics/2028-democrats-biden-surrogates/index.html|title=These Democrats could be contenders for their party's nomination in 2028. But first, they must boost Biden in 2024|date=December 3, 2023 |work=CNN|first1=Edward-Isaac |last1=Dovere}}</ref>
* [[Roy Cooper]], 75th [[Governor of North Carolina]] (2017–present), 49th [[Attorney General of North Carolina]] (2001–2017), [[North Carolina Senate|North Carolina State Senator]] (1991–2001), [[North Carolina House of Representatives|North Carolina State Representative]] (1987–1991)<ref name="Scher">{{cite web |url=https://www.politico.com/news/magazine/2023/12/26/who-is-winning-2028-presidential-election-00133119|title=Which 2028 Presidential Wannabe Had the Best Year?|date=December 26, 2023 |work=Politico|first1=Bill|last1=Scher}}</ref>
* [[John Fetterman]], [[United States Senator|U.S. Senator]] from [[Pennsylvania]] (2023–present), 34th [[Lieutenant Governor of Pennsylvania]] (2019–2023), Mayor of [[Braddock, Pennsylvania]] (2006–2019)<ref name="Scher">{{cite web |url=https://www.politico.com/news/magazine/2023/12/26/who-is-winning-2028-presidential-election-00133119|title=Which 2028 Presidential Wannabe Had the Best Year?|date=December 26, 2023 |work=Politico|first1=Bill|last1=Scher}}</ref>
* [[Ruben Gallego]], [[United States House of Representatives|U.S. Representative]] from [[Arizona]] (2015–present)<ref>{{Cite web |last=Dorman |first=John L. |title=James Carville dismisses concerns that Democrats don't have a strong presidential bench for 2028: 'So many people, it's breathtaking' |url=https://www.businessinsider.com/carville-democrats-2028-presidential-election-breathtaking-bench-biden-2023-8 |access-date=2024-02-18 |website=Business Insider |language=en-US}}</ref>
* [[Kamala Harris]], 49th [[Vice President of the United States]] (2021–present), [[U.S. Senator]] from [[California]] (2017–2021), 32nd [[Attorney General of California]], (2011–2017), 27th [[District Attorney of San Francisco]] (2004–2011), candidate for president in [[Kamala Harris 2020 presidential campaign|2020]] and [[Kamala Harris 2024 presidential campaign|2024]]<ref name="Scher">{{cite web |url=https://www.politico.com/news/magazine/2023/12/26/who-is-winning-2028-presidential-election-00133119|title=Which 2028 Presidential Wannabe Had the Best Year?|date=December 26, 2023 |work=Politico|first1=Bill|last1=Scher}}</ref><ref name="Dovere">{{cite web |url=https://amp.cnn.com/cnn/2023/12/03/politics/2028-democrats-biden-surrogates/index.html|title=These Democrats could be contenders for their party's nomination in 2028. But first, they must boost Biden in 2024|date=December 3, 2023 |work=CNN|first1=Edward-Isaac |last1=Dovere}}</ref>
* [[Kathy Hochul]], 57th [[Governor of New York]] (2021–present), [[Lieutenant Governor of New York]] (2015–2021), [[United States Representative]] from [[New York's 26th congressional district]] (2011–2013), [[Municipal clerk|Clerk]] of [[Erie County, New York]] (2007–2011), Member of the [[Hamburg, New York#Government|Hamburg, New York Town Board]] (1994–2007)<ref name="Geraghty">{{cite web |url=https://www.nationalreview.com/the-morning-jolt/if-you-want-to-be-a-partys-2028-nominee-work-hard-now/|title=If You Want to Be a Party's 2028 Nominee, Work Hard Now|date=December 27, 2023 |work=National Review|first1=Jim|last1=Geraghty}}</ref>{{better source needed|date=February 2024}}
* [[Mark Kelly]], [[United States Senator]] from [[Arizona]] (2020–present)<ref name="Dovere">{{cite web |url=https://amp.cnn.com/cnn/2023/12/03/politics/2028-democrats-biden-surrogates/index.html|title=These Democrats could be contenders for their party's nomination in 2028. But first, they must boost Biden in 2024|date=December 3, 2023 |work=CNN|first1=Edward-Isaac |last1=Dovere}}</ref>
* [[Ro Khanna]], [[United States Representative]] from [[CA-17]] (2017–present)<ref name="Scher">{{cite web |url=https://www.politico.com/news/magazine/2023/12/26/who-is-winning-2028-presidential-election-00133119|title=Which 2028 Presidential Wannabe Had the Best Year?|date=December 26, 2023 |work=Politico|first1=Bill|last1=Scher}}</ref><ref name="Dovere">{{cite web |url=https://amp.cnn.com/cnn/2023/12/03/politics/2028-democrats-biden-surrogates/index.html|title=These Democrats could be contenders for their party's nomination in 2028. But first, they must boost Biden in 2024|date=December 3, 2023 |work=CNN|first1=Edward-Isaac |last1=Dovere}}</ref>
* [[Amy Klobuchar]], [[United States Senator]] from [[Minnesota]] (2007–present), County Attorney of [[Hennepin County, Minnesota]] (1999–2007)<ref name="Geraghty">{{cite web |url=https://www.nationalreview.com/the-morning-jolt/if-you-want-to-be-a-partys-2028-nominee-work-hard-now/|title=If You Want to Be a Party's 2028 Nominee, Work Hard Now|date=December 27, 2023 |work=National Review|first1=Jim|last1=Geraghty}}</ref>{{better source needed|date=February 2024}}
* [[Mitch Landrieu]], [[Senior Advisor to the President]] (2021–present), 61st [[Mayor of New Orleans|Mayor]] of [[New Orleans|New Orleans, Louisiana]] (2010–2018), 51st [[Lieutenant Governor of Louisiana]] (2004–2010), [[Louisiana House of Representatives|Louisiana State Representative]] (1988–2004)<ref name="Dovere">{{cite web |url=https://amp.cnn.com/cnn/2023/12/03/politics/2028-democrats-biden-surrogates/index.html|title=These Democrats could be contenders for their party's nomination in 2028. But first, they must boost Biden in 2024|date=December 3, 2023 |work=CNN|first1=Edward-Isaac |last1=Dovere}}</ref>
* [[Wes Moore]], 63rd [[Governor of Maryland]] (2023–present)<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/politics-news/maryland-gov-wes-moore-rising-party-star-rallies-house-democrats-rcna73019 |title=Maryland Gov. Wes Moore generates buzz — and his own selfie line — rallying House Democrats |date=March 2, 2023 |work=NBC News |first1=Scott |last1=Wong |first2=Kate |last2=Santaliz}}</ref><ref name="Scher">{{cite web |url=https://www.politico.com/news/magazine/2023/12/26/who-is-winning-2028-presidential-election-00133119|title=Which 2028 Presidential Wannabe Had the Best Year?|date=December 26, 2023 |work=Politico|first1=Bill|last1=Scher}}</ref>
* [[Chris Murphy]], [[United States Senator]] from [[Connecticut]] (2013–present), [[United States Representative]] from [[Connecticut's 5th congressional district]] (2007–2013), Member of the [[Connecticut State Senate]] (2003–2007), Member of the [[Connecticut House of Representatives]] (1999–2003)<ref>{{cite web|title=Could Senator Chris Murphy be the next Irish American president after Biden?|url=https://www.irishcentral.com/opinion/niallodowd/chris-murphy-us-irish-american-president|author=O'Dowd, Niall|work=Irish Central|date=October 13, 2023|access-date=January 22, 2024}}</ref>
* [[Phil Murphy]], 56th [[Governor of New Jersey]] (2018–present), [[United States Ambassador to Germany]] (2009–2013)<ref name="Geraghty">{{cite web |url=https://www.nationalreview.com/the-morning-jolt/if-you-want-to-be-a-partys-2028-nominee-work-hard-now/|title=If You Want to Be a Party's 2028 Nominee, Work Hard Now|date=December 27, 2023 |work=National Review|first1=Jim|last1=Geraghty}}</ref>{{better source needed|date=February 2024}}
* [[Gavin Newsom]], 40th [[Governor of California]] (2019–present), 49th [[Lieutenant Governor of California]] (2011–2019), 41st [[Mayor of San Francisco]] (2004–2011)<ref name="Scher">{{cite web |url=https://www.politico.com/news/magazine/2023/12/26/who-is-winning-2028-presidential-election-00133119|title=Which 2028 Presidential Wannabe Had the Best Year?|date=December 26, 2023 |work=Politico|first1=Bill|last1=Scher}}</ref><ref name="Dovere">{{cite web |url=https://amp.cnn.com/cnn/2023/12/03/politics/2028-democrats-biden-surrogates/index.html|title=These Democrats could be contenders for their party's nomination in 2028. But first, they must boost Biden in 2024|date=December 3, 2023 |work=CNN|first1=Edward-Isaac |last1=Dovere}}</ref>
* [[Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez]], [[U.S. Representative]] from [[New York's 14th congressional district]] (2019–present)<ref>{{cite web |url=https://thehill.com/homenews/house/3578887-the-memo-no-really-what-if-alexandria-ocasio-cortez-runs-for-president/ |title=The Memo: No, really — What if Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez runs for president? |date=July 29, 2022 |work=The Hill |first1=Niall |last1=Stanage}}</ref><ref name="mccaskill"/>
* [[Dean Phillips]], [[United States Representative]] from [[Minnesota's 3rd congressional district]] (2019–present), candidate for President in [[Dean Phillips 2024 presidential campaign|2024]]<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.cnn.com/2023/10/28/opinions/dean-phillips-president-campaign-biden-wierson/index.html|title=Opinion: There may be more to Dean Phillips' 'moon shot' presidential bid than meets the eye|date=October 29, 2023|work=CNN|first1=Arick|last1=Wierson}}</ref>
* [[J. B. Pritzker]], 43rd [[Governor of Illinois]] (2019–present)<ref name="Scher">{{cite web |url=https://www.politico.com/news/magazine/2023/12/26/who-is-winning-2028-presidential-election-00133119|title=Which 2028 Presidential Wannabe Had the Best Year?|date=December 26, 2023 |work=Politico|first1=Bill|last1=Scher}}</ref><ref name="Dovere">{{cite web |url=https://amp.cnn.com/cnn/2023/12/03/politics/2028-democrats-biden-surrogates/index.html|title=These Democrats could be contenders for their party's nomination in 2028. But first, they must boost Biden in 2024|date=December 3, 2023 |work=CNN|first1=Edward-Isaac |last1=Dovere}}</ref>
* [[Josh Shapiro]], 48th [[Governor of Pennsylvania]] (2023–present), 50th [[Attorney General of Pennsylvania]] (2017–2023), Member of the [[Montgomery County Board of Commissioners]] (2012–2017), Member of the [[Pennsylvania House of Representatives]] from the [[Pennsylvania House of Representatives, District 153|153rd district]] (2005–2012)<ref name="Scher">{{cite web |url=https://www.politico.com/news/magazine/2023/12/26/who-is-winning-2028-presidential-election-00133119|title=Which 2028 Presidential Wannabe Had the Best Year?|date=December 26, 2023 |work=Politico|first1=Bill|last1=Scher}}</ref><ref name="Dovere">{{cite web |url=https://amp.cnn.com/cnn/2023/12/03/politics/2028-democrats-biden-surrogates/index.html|title=These Democrats could be contenders for their party's nomination in 2028. But first, they must boost Biden in 2024|date=December 3, 2023 |work=CNN|first1=Edward-Isaac |last1=Dovere}}</ref>
* [[Raphael Warnock]], [[U.S. Senator]] from [[Georgia (U.S. state)|Georgia]] (2021–present)<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.washingtonexaminer.com/news/campaign/senate-georgia-raphael-warnock-2028 |title=Raphael Warnock eyed as early contender for 2028 presidential race following runoff win |date=December 9, 2022 |work=Washington Examiner |first1=Barnini |last1=Chakraborty}}</ref><ref name="Scher">{{cite web |url=https://www.politico.com/news/magazine/2023/12/26/who-is-winning-2028-presidential-election-00133119|title=Which 2028 Presidential Wannabe Had the Best Year?|date=December 26, 2023 |work=Politico|first1=Bill|last1=Scher}}</ref>
* [[Elizabeth Warren]], [[U.S. Senator]] from [[Massachusetts]] (2013–present), candidate for president in [[Elizabeth Warren 2020 presidential campaign|2020]]<ref name="int"/><ref name="mccaskill">{{cite web |url=https://www.latimes.com/politics/story/2022-10-25/who-could-lead-progressives-after-bernie-sanders |title=Who will lead progressives after Bernie Sanders? |date=October 25, 2022 |work=Los Angeles Times |first1=Nolan D. |last1=McCaskill}}</ref>


=== Potential candidates ===
<!-- **************************
***Potential candidates must have at least TWO separate references from reliable sources from the past six months.
***Sources should provide substantive discussion of individuals, not a "kitchen sink" listing of numerous people.
***Per [[WP:NEWSWEEK]], Newsweek is not a reliable source and should not be used to substantiate potential candidates.
*******************************-->
{{Gallery
{{Gallery
| title = Potential Republican candidates{{Efn|Individuals listed below have been mentioned as potential 2028 presidential candidates in at least two reliable media sources in the last six months.|name=CandidateNote}}
| title = Potential Democratic candidates
| align = center
| align = center
| footer =
| footer =
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| width = 160
| width = 160
| captionstyle =
| captionstyle =
|File:Kentucky Air Guard supports governor's inauguration (cropped).jpg|{{Center|[[Governor of Kentucky|Governor]]<br/> '''[[Andy Beshear]]'''<br/> of [[Kentucky]]}}
|File:Ron DeSantis official photo (cropped).jpg|{{center|[[Governor of Florida|Governor]]<br/> '''[[Ron DeSantis]]'''<br/> of [[Florida]]<br>(2019–present)}}
|File:Cory Booker February 2019 (cropped).jpg|{{Center|[[United States Senator|U.S. Senator]]<br/> '''[[Cory Booker]]'''<br/> from [[New Jersey]]}}
|File:Brian Kemp 2023.jpg|{{center|[[Governor of Georgia|Governor]]<br/>'''[[Brian Kemp]]'''<br/>of [[Georgia (U.S. state)|Georgia]]<br>(2019–present)}}
|File:Jamaal Bowman 117th U.S Congress (cropped).jpg|{{Center|[[United States Representative|U.S. Representative]]<br/> '''[[Jamaal Bowman]]'''<br/> from [[New York (state)|New York]]}}
|File:Senator Vance official portrait. 118th Congress (cropped 2).jpg|{{center|[[Vice President-elect of the United States|Vice President-elect]]<br/> '''[[JD Vance]]'''<br/> from [[Ohio]]}}
|File:Pete Buttigieg official photo (alt crop).jpg|{{Center|[[United States Secretary of Transportation|Transportation Secretary]]<br/> '''[[Pete Buttigieg]]'''<br/> from [[Indiana]]}}
|File:Glenn Youngkin in September 2021.jpg|{{center|[[Governor of Virginia|Governor]]<br/>'''[[Glenn Youngkin]]'''<br/> of [[Virginia]]<br>(2022–present)}}
|File:RoyCooper2023 (cropped).jpg|{{Center|[[Governor of North Carolina|Governor]]<br/> '''[[Roy Cooper]]'''<br/> of [[North Carolina]]}}
|File:John Fetterman official portrait (3x4).jpg|{{Center|[[United States Senator|U.S. Senator]]<br/> '''[[John Fetterman]]'''<br/> from [[Pennsylvania]]}}
|File:Ruben Gallego official portrait (cropped).jpg|{{Center|[[U.S. Representative]]<br>'''[[Ruben Gallego]]'''<br>from [[Arizona]]}}
|File:Kamala Harris Vice Presidential Portrait (cropped).jpg|{{Center|[[Vice President of the United States|Vice President]]<br/> '''[[Kamala Harris]]'''<br>from [[California]]}}
|File:Governor Hochul April 2022.jpg|{{Center|[[Governor of New York|Governor]]<br/> '''[[Kathy Hochul]]'''<br/> of [[New York (state)|New York]]}}
|File:Mark Kelly, Official Portrait 117th (cropped) 2.jpg|{{Center|[[United States Senator|U.S. Senator]]<br/> '''[[Mark Kelly]]'''<br/> from [[Arizona]]}}
|File:Ro Khanna 2023.jpg|{{Center|[[United States Representative|U.S. Representative]]<br/> '''[[Ro Khanna]]'''<br/> from [[California]]}}
|File:Amy Klobuchar 2019 (cropped).jpg|{{Center|[[United States Senator|U.S. Senator]]<br/> '''[[Amy Klobuchar]]'''<br/> from [[Minnesota]]}}
|File:Mitch Landrieu January 2022.jpg|{{Center|Former [[Mayor of New Orleans|Mayor of New Orleans]]<br/> '''[[Mitch Landrieu]]'''<br/> from [[Louisiana]]}}
|File:Wes Moore Official Governor Portrait (cropped).jpg|{{Center|[[Governor of Maryland|Governor]]<br/> '''[[Wes Moore]]'''<br/> of [[Maryland]]}}
|File:Sen Chris Murphy in 2023.jpg|{{Center|[[United States Senator|U.S. Senator]]<br/> '''[[Chris Murphy]]'''<br/> from [[Connecticut]]}}
|File:Governor Phil Murphy 2023 (cropped).jpg|{{Center|[[Governor of New Jersey|Governor]]<br/> '''[[Phil Murphy]]'''<br/> of [[New Jersey]]}}
|File:Newsom April 2024 (cropped2).jpg|{{Center|[[Governor of
California|Governor]]<br/> '''[[Gavin Newsom]]'''<br/> of [[California]]}}
|File:Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez in 2023.jpg|{{Center|[[United States Representative|U.S. Representative]]<br/> '''[[Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez]]'''<br/> from [[New York (state)|New York]]}}
|File:Rep. Dean Phillips, official photo (2021) (cropped).jpg|{{Center|[[United States Representative|U.S. Representative]]<br/> '''[[Dean Phillips]]'''<br/> from [[Minnesota]]}}
|File:J.B. Pritzker April 2023.jpg|{{Center|[[Governor of Illinois|Governor]]<br/> '''[[J.B. Pritzker]]'''<br/> of [[Illinois]]}}
|File:Josh Shapiro 2023 (3x4).jpg|{{Center|[[Governor of Pennsylvania|Governor]]<br/> '''[[Josh Shapiro]]'''<br/> of [[Pennsylvania]]}}
|File:Raphael Warnock official photo (4x5 crop).jpg|{{Center|[[United States Senator|U.S. Senator]]<br/> '''[[Raphael Warnock]]'''<br/> from [[Georgia (U.S. state)|Georgia]]}}
|File:Elizabeth Warren 2022 (cropped).jpg|{{Center|[[United States Senator|U.S. Senator]]<br/> '''[[Elizabeth Warren]]'''<br/> from [[Massachusetts]]}}
}}
}}


===Opinion polling===
====Ron DeSantis====
[[Ron DeSantis]] has served as the governor of [[Florida]] since 2019 and previously ran for the Republican nomination in [[Ron DeSantis 2024 presidential campaign|2024]]. DeSantis has demonstrated a potential for being a candidate in the 2028 presidential primaries, stating that Trump voters in [[Iowa]] told him that they would vote for him in 2028.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2024/01/19/us/politics/desantis-2024-race-trump.html |title=Ron DeSantis Is Quietly Starting to Build His Off-Ramp From 2024 |date=January 19, 2024 |last=Nehamas |first=Nicholas |work=[[The New York Times]] |access-date=March 8, 2024}}</ref> He appeared in a debate with [[California]] governor Gavin Newsom moderated by [[Fox News]]' [[Sean Hannity]] in November 2023, in what was viewed by [[NBC News]] as a precursor to a 2028 presidential bid.<ref name="NBCDebate">{{Cite web |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/2024-election/gavin-newsom-ron-desantis-battle-presidency-2024-2028-election-rcna126738 |title=Gavin Newsom and Ron DeSantis battle for the presidency — in one election or the next |date=November 30, 2023 |last=Allen |first=Jonathan |publisher=[[NBC News]] |access-date=November 11, 2024}}</ref>
{| class="wikitable sortable mw-datatable" style="font-size:90%;text-align:center;"

|- valign="bottom" style="font-size:90%;"
====Brian Kemp====
! Poll source
[[Brian Kemp]] has served as the governor of [[Georgia (U.S. state)|Georgia]] since 2019. Kemp opposed President Trump's [[Attempts to overturn the 2020 United States presidential election|claims of voter fraud]] in the 2020 election, but was ultimately endorsed by Trump in Kemp's successful [[2022 Georgia gubernatorial election|2022 re-election campaign]].<ref>{{cite news |title=Brian Kemp Is the Most Successful Anti-Trump Republican |first=Ed |last=Kilgore |work=[[New York (magazine)|New York]] |date=May 28, 2024 |access-date=November 27, 2024 |url=https://nymag.com/intelligencer/article/brian-kemp-successful-anti-trump-republican.html |language=en-US}}</ref> Kemp has been floated as a potential candidate for federal office after being term-limited as governor, either for [[2026 United States Senate election in Georgia|U.S. Senate in 2026]] or for president in 2028.<ref>{{cite news |title=Brian Kemp will attend GOP convention as he builds up political operation |first=Natalie |last=Allison |work=[[Politico]] |date=May 28, 2024 |access-date=May 28, 2024 |url=https://www.politico.com/news/2024/05/28/brian-kemp-political-future-convention-00160005}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=In a razor-thin race, Trump's complicated ties with Georgia's governor could matter |first=Sam |last=Gringlas |work=[[NPR]] |date=October 29, 2024 |access-date=November 27, 2024 |url=https://www.npr.org/2024/10/28/nx-s1-5168017/2024-election-georgia-donald-trump-brian-kemp}}</ref>
! Date(s) administered

! Sample size{{efn|name=key|Key:<br/>A - all adults<br/>RV - registered voters<br/>LV - likely voters<br/>V - unclear}}
====JD Vance====
! Margin of error
[[JD Vance]] has served as a senator of [[Ohio]] since 2023 and is the [[Vice President-elect of the United States|vice president-elect]] after winning the 2024 election as Trump's running mate. Vance is the frontrunner in the primary election, according to ''[[The New York Times]]''{{'}}s [[Nate Cohn]],<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/16/upshot/vance-trump-vice-president.html |title=How Will Vance Affect the Race? Look at 2028, Not 2024. |date=July 16, 2024 |last=Cohn |first=Nate |author-link=Nate Cohn |work=[[The New York Times]] |access-date=November 11, 2024}}</ref> and the "[[MAGA]] heir-apparent" according to ''[[USA Today]]'',<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/politics/elections/2024/07/17/jd-vance-is-now-the-maga-heir-apparent-and-a-favorite-for-2028/74411365007/ |title=JD Vance is now the MAGA heir-apparent. Does that make him the front-runner for 2028? |date=July 17, 2024 |last=Pfannenstiel |first=Brianne |work=[[USA Today]] |access-date=November 11, 2024}}</ref> as well as ''[[The Columbus Dispatch]]''.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.dispatch.com/story/news/politics/elections/2024/10/04/jd-vance-vp-debate-2028/75478076007/ |title=After VP debate, JD Vance cements status as MAGA heir apparent in 2028 |date=October 4, 2024 |last=BeMiller |first=Haley |work=[[The Columbus Dispatch]] |access-date=November 11, 2024}}</ref> ''[[The Hill (magazine)|The Hill]]'' stated that Vance's debate performance against [[Minnesota]] governor [[Tim Walz]] in October 2024 improved his status as a presidential contender.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://thehill.com/homenews/campaign/4912457-jd-vance-debate-2028-white-house/ |title=Debate performance gives Vance 2028 White House boost |date=October 3, 2024 |last=Weaver |first=Al |work=[[The Hill (magazine)|The Hill]] |access-date=November 11, 2024}}</ref>
! Pete<br />Buttigieg

! Kamala<br />Harris
====Glenn Youngkin====
! Gavin<br />Newsom
[[Glenn Youngkin]] has served as the governor of [[Virginia]] since 2022, and is barred by the state's constitution from seeking a second consecutive term. Youngkin has been reported as a possible candidate by ''[[Politico]]''.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.politico.com/news/magazine/2024/06/16/glenn-youngkin-gop-00163551 |title= What Happened to Glenn Youngkin? |date=June 12, 2024 |last=Martin |first=Jonathan |work=[[Politico]] |access-date=November 12, 2024}}</ref> According to ''[[The Washington Post]]'', he is "appearing to lay the groundwork" for a 2028 presidential bid.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/dc-md-va/2024/07/16/youngkin-virginia-2028/ |title=After last-minute VP frenzy, Youngkin seems to lay groundwork for 2028 |date=July 16, 2024 |last=Vozzella |first=Laura |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |access-date=November 12, 2024 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://archive.ph/YibVg |archive-date=July 17, 2024}}</ref>
! Other/<br />Undecided

|-
==Democratic Party==
|[https://echeloninsights.com/in-the-news/jan2024-verified-voter-omnibus/ Echelon Insights]
|January 16-18, 2024
|499 (RV)
| ±&nbsp;3.4%
|13%
|{{Party shading/Democratic}} |'''33%'''
|11%
|43%{{efn|JB Pritzker and Gretchen Whitmer with 3%. John Fetterman, Josh Shapiro, and Raphael Warnock with 2%. Andy Beshear and Wes Moore with 1%. Someone else with 4%. Unsure with 14%.}}
|-
|}


=== Republican Party ===
=== Potential candidates ===
<!-- **************************
<!--under NO circumstances may speculative content be placed in this section. SOURCED CONTENT ONLY. -->
***Potential candidates must have at least TWO separate references from reliable sources from the past six months.
====Publicly expressed interest====
***Sources should provide substantive discussion of individuals, not a "kitchen sink" listing of numerous people.
* [[Ted Cruz]], [[U.S. Senator]] from [[Texas]] (2013–present), 3rd [[Texas Solicitor General]] (2003–2008), candidate for president in [[Ted Cruz 2016 presidential campaign|2016]]<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.texastribune.org/2023/11/07/ted-cruz-president-2024-woke-book/|title=Ted Cruz says he expects to run for president again, criticizes Democrats for pro-Palestine rhetoric |date=November 7, 2023|work=The Texas Tribune |first1=Grace |last1=Yarrow}}</ref>
***The unreliable sources listed at [[WP:TRUMPRS]] should not be used to support a candidate.
* [[Tim Scott]], [[United States Senate|United States Senator]] from [[South Carolina]] (2013–present), [[United States House of Representatives|U.S. Representative]] from [[South Carolina's 1st congressional district]] (2011–2013), [[South Carolina House of Representatives|South Carolina State Representative]] (2009–2011), candidate in [[2024 Republican Party presidential primaries|2024]]<ref>{{cite web|title=One-on-one with Senator Tim Scott|url=https://www.counton2.com/news/your-local-election-hq/one-on-one-with-senator-tim-scott/|author=Mitchell, Octavia|work=WCBD-TV|date=December 12, 2023|access-date=December 16, 2023}}</ref>
*******************************-->
{{Gallery
{{Gallery
| title = Republicans who have expressed interest
| title = Potential Democratic candidates{{Efn|name=CandidateNote}}
| align = center
| align = center
| footer =
| footer =
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| width = 160
| width = 160
| captionstyle =
| captionstyle =
|File:Ted Cruz official 116th portrait (cropped).jpg|{{Center|[[U.S. Senator]]<br/> '''[[Ted Cruz]]'''<br/> from [[Texas]]}}
|File : Andy Beshear 2024 (cropped).jpg |{{center|[[Governor of Kentucky|Governor]]<br>'''[[Andy Beshear]]'''<br>of [[Kentucky]]<br>(2019–present)}}
|File:Tim Scott (53297754192) (cropped).jpg|{{Center|[[U.S. Senator]]<br/> '''[[Tim Scott]]'''<br/> from [[South Carolina]]}}
|File : Roy Cooper in November 2023 (cropped).jpg |{{center|[[Governor of North Carolina|Governor]]<br>'''[[Roy Cooper]]'''<br>of [[North Carolina]]<br>(2017–present)}}
|File:Kamala Harris Vice Presidential Portrait (cropped).jpg|{{center|[[Vice President of the United States|Vice President]]<br>'''[[Kamala Harris]]'''<br>from [[California]]<br>(2021–present)}}
|File:Wes Moore Official Governor Portrait (9x12).jpg |{{center|[[Governor of Maryland|Governor]]<br>'''[[Wes Moore]]'''<br>of [[Maryland]]<br>(2023–present)}}
|File:Newsom April 2024 (cropped2).jpg|{{center|[[Governor of California|Governor]]<br>'''[[Gavin Newsom]]'''<br>of [[California]]<br>(2019–present)}}
<!-- |File:Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez Official Portrait (cropped 2).jpg|{{center|[[New York's 14th congressional district#List of members representing the district|Representative]]<br>'''[[Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez]]'''<br>from [[New York (state)|New York]]<br>(2019–present)}} -->
|File:Rep. Dean Phillips, official photo (2021) (cropped).jpg |{{center|[[Minnesota's 3rd congressional district|Representative]]<br>'''[[Dean Phillips]]'''<br>from [[Minnesota (state)|Minnesota]]<br>(2019–present)}}
|File:Governor JB Pritzker official portrait 2019 (crop).jpg|{{center|[[Governor of Illinois|Governor]]<br>'''[[JB Pritzker]]'''<br>of [[Illinois]]<br>(2019–present)}}
|File:Gov. Shapiro (cropped).jpg|{{center|[[Governor of Pennsylvania|Governor]]<br>'''[[Josh Shapiro]]'''<br>of [[Pennsylvania]]<br>(2023–present)}}
|File:8R4A9872 (53367444225) (Whitmer1).jpg|{{center|[[Governor of Michigan|Governor]]<br>'''[[Gretchen Whitmer]]'''<br>of [[Michigan]]<br>(2019–present)}}
}}
}}


====Potential candidates====
====Andy Beshear====
[[Andy Beshear]] has served as the governor of [[Kentucky]] since 2019. He was previously on the shortlist to be the vice presidential nominee for the 2024 election,<ref>{{Cite news |last=Greve |first=Joan E. |date=August 4, 2024 |title=Who is Andy Beshear, the Kentucky governor who could be Harris's vice-presidential pick? |url=https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/article/2024/aug/04/andy-beshear-vp-pick-kamala-harris-speculation |access-date=November 17, 2024 |work=The Guardian |language=en-GB |issn=0261-3077}}</ref> and was seen as a potential replacement for president [[Joe Biden]] before he [[Withdrawal of Joe Biden from the 2024 United States presidential election|withdrew]] from the race.<ref>{{Cite web |author=McHugh, Calder|date=July 21, 2024 |title=How Biden's potential replacements could help — and hurt — Democrats' chances |url=https://www.politico.com/interactives/2024/democrats-biden-replacement-pros-cons/ |access-date=November 17, 2024 |website=Politico|language=en}}</ref> According to ''[[The Washington Post]]'', Beshear formed a political action committee in January 2024 to increase his national profile.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Alfaro |first=Mariana |date=January 8, 2024 |title=As his national profile rises, Democratic Ky. Gov. Beshear launches PAC |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2024/01/08/andy-beshear-pac-kentucky/ |newspaper=Washington Post}}</ref> In October 2024, Beshear headlined an event for the [[New Hampshire Democratic Party|New Hampshire Democrats]], a key early primary state, where he promoted both himself and Vice President Kamala Harris to attendees, signaling his future aspirations.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Wren |first=Adam |date=November 11, 2024 |title=Who will lead Democrats in 2028? Meet the leaders positioning themselves to make moves. |website=[[Politico]] |url=https://www.politico.com/news/2024/11/11/2028-shadow-primary-underway-democratic-00188626}}</ref> In response to ongoing speculation about his political ambitions, Beshear has stated in an interview with [[WDKY-TV]] that he will "see what the future holds", without explicitly ruling out a potential presidential run.<ref>{{Cite web |date=November 7, 2024 |title=Kentucky Gov. Beshear talks Harris loss, 2028 presidential run |url=https://fox56news.com/news/kentucky/kentucky-gov-beshear-talks-harris-loss-2028-presidential-run/ |access-date=November 17, 2024 |website=FOX 56 News |language=en-US |quote="'We'll see what the future holds in the future, but, right now, my only focus is on this job, is about making sure that I continue to stand up for Kentuckians and all Americans,' Beshear said."}}</ref>
* [[Greg Abbott]], 48th [[Governor of Texas]] (2015–present), 50th [[Attorney General of Texas]] (2002–2015), Associate Justice of the [[Supreme Court of Texas]] (1996–2001)<ref name="Scher">{{cite web |url=https://www.politico.com/news/magazine/2023/12/26/who-is-winning-2028-presidential-election-00133119|title=Which 2028 Presidential Wannabe Had the Best Year?|date=December 26, 2023 |work=Politico|first1=Bill|last1=Scher}}</ref>

* [[Katie Britt]], [[United States Senator]] from [[Alabama]] (2023–present)<ref name="Scher">{{cite web |url=https://www.politico.com/news/magazine/2023/12/26/who-is-winning-2028-presidential-election-00133119|title=Which 2028 Presidential Wannabe Had the Best Year?|date=December 26, 2023 |work=Politico|first1=Bill|last1=Scher}}</ref>
====Roy Cooper====
* [[Doug Burgum]], 33rd [[Governor of North Dakota]] (2016–present), candidate for president in [[2024 Republican Party presidential primaries|2024]]<ref>{{cite web|title=Letter: Doug Burgum has a chance to be a leader in 2028. Will he take it?|url=https://www.inforum.com/opinion/letters/letter-doug-burgum-has-a-chance-to-be-a-leader-in-2028-will-he-take-it|author=Anderson, Bruce|work=InForum|date=September 14, 2023|access-date=December 16, 2023}}</ref>
[[Roy Cooper]] has served as the governor of [[North Carolina]] since 2017. He was considered a potential contender to be the vice presidential nominee for the 2024 election but removed himself from consideration.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Miller |first1=Zeke |last2=Min Kim |first2=Seung |title=NC Gov. Cooper opted out of Harris VP vetting, in part over worry about GOP lieutenant: AP sources |url=https://apnews.com/article/harris-cooper-vice-president-vetting-9ff2a5abf9f4191e5ccb2d52e57b06a3 |publisher=The Associated Press |access-date=December 9, 2024 |date=July 29, 2024}}</ref> The ''[[The New York Times|New York Times]]'' mentioned that Cooper could mount a credible campaign for the Democratic party’s 2028 nomination.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Bruni |first1=Frank |title=Newsom? Whitmer? Shapiro? 2024 Could Kill Their 2028 Dreams |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2024/11/14/opinion/2028-democrats-newsom-whitmer.html |work=The New York Times |access-date=December 9, 2024 |date=November 14, 2024}}</ref> ''[[Politico]]'' has also referred to Cooper as a potential contender for the 2028 Democratic Party's presidential nomination.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Sentner |first1=Irie |title=Democratic governors (and 2028 hopefuls) gather to chart path under a Trump administration|url=https://www.politico.com/news/2024/12/07/demogratic-governors-trump-2028-00193169 |publisher=Politico |access-date=December 9, 2024 |date=December 7, 2024}}</ref>
* [[Tucker Carlson]], host of [[Tucker Carlson Tonight]] (2016–2023)<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.newsweek.com/tucker-carlson-could-win-2028-election-joe-rogan-predicts-1818044 |title=Joe Rogan Makes 2028 Tucker Carlson Prediction |date=August 7, 2023|work=Newsweek |first1=Andrew |last1=Stanton}}</ref>

* [[Liz Cheney]], [[United States Representative]] from [[Wyoming's at-large congressional district]] (2017–2023)<ref>{{cite web|title=Liz Cheney has a political future — we just don't know what it will be|url=https://thehill.com/opinion/campaign/3544966-liz-cheney-has-a-political-future-we-just-dont-know-what-it-will-be/|author=Rudell, B.J.|work=The Hill|date=July 3, 2022|access-date=January 8, 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Cheney fuels speculation about her next move|author=Vakil, Caroline|url=https://thehill.com/homenews/campaign/4526744-cheney-fuels-speculation-about-her-next-move/|work=The Hill|date=March 13, 2024|access-date=July 1, 2024}}</ref>
====Kamala Harris====
* [[Chris Christie]], 55th [[Governor of New Jersey]] (2010–2018), Chair of the [[Opioid and Drug Abuse Commission]] (2017), Chair of the [[Republican Governors Association]] (2013–2014), [[United States Attorney for the District of New Jersey]] (2002–2008), candidate for president in [[Chris Christie 2016 presidential campaign|2016]] and [[Chris Christie 2024 presidential campaign|2024]]<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.northjersey.com/story/news/columnists/mike-kelly/2024/01/11/chris-christie-drops-out-republican-primary-nj-governor-senate-campaign/72187009007/ |title=Chris Christie would be a strong US Senate candidate for the NJ GOP. Here's why: Kelly |date=January 11, 2024 |work=northjersey.com |first1=Mike |last1=Kelly}}</ref>
[[Kamala Harris]] has served as the vice president of the United States since 2021. She became the nominee for president in the [[2024 United States presidential election|2024 presidential election]] after Biden withdrew his bid, losing to [[Donald Trump]].<ref name="NYTimesHarrisOptions">{{Cite web |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2024/11/07/us/politics/kamala-harris-2028-run-for-president.html |title=What's Next for Kamala Harris? Here Are Six Options. |date=November 7, 2024 |last1=Epstein |first1=Reid |last2=Rogers |first2=Katie |last3=Green |first3=Eric |work=[[The New York Times]] |access-date=November 11, 2024}}</ref> Harris, who has the largest donor network in the [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic Party]], may run for the presidency again in 2028 according to ''[[The New York Times]]'',<ref name="NYTimesHarrisOptions"/> as well as ''[[Politico]]'',<ref name="PoliticoMovesSink">{{Cite web |url=https://www.politico.com/news/2024/11/11/2028-shadow-primary-underway-democratic-00188626 |title=Who will lead Democrats in 2028? Meet the leaders positioning themselves to make moves. |date=November 11, 2024 |last1=Wren |first1=Adam |last2=Cadelago |first2=Christopher |last3=Kashinsky |first3=Lisa |last4=Otterbein |first4=Holly |last5=Schneider |first5=Elena |work=[[Politico]] |access-date=November 11, 2024}}</ref> although her loss in the previous election could potentially give her a disadvantage.<ref name="NYTimesHarrisOptions"/> According to ''[[USA Today]]'', Harris intended to run in 2028 before Biden's withdrawal.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/politics/elections/2024/11/07/why-kamala-harris-campaign-failed/75961792007/ |title=Burdened by what had been: Kamala Harris couldn't convince voters |date=November 7, 2024 |last=Chambers |first=Francesca |work=[[USA Today]] |access-date=November 11, 2024}}</ref> In November 2024, ''Politico'' reported that Harris is considering running for president in 2028 or for [[governor of California]] in [[2026 California gubernatorial election|2026]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.politico.com/news/2024/11/25/kamala-harris-advisers-options-open-00191393 |title=Harris is telling her advisers and allies to keep her political options open |date=November 25, 2024 |last1=Cadelago |first1=Christopher |last2=Daniels |first2=Eugene |work=[[Politico]] |access-date=November 25, 2024}}</ref>
* [[Tom Cotton]], [[United States Senator]] from [[Arkansas]] (2015–present), [[United States Representative]] from [[Arkansas's 4th congressional district]] (2013–2015)<ref name="Geraghty">{{cite web |url=https://www.nationalreview.com/the-morning-jolt/if-you-want-to-be-a-partys-2028-nominee-work-hard-now/|title=If You Want to Be a Party's 2028 Nominee, Work Hard Now|date=December 27, 2023 |work=National Review|first1=Jim|last1=Geraghty}}</ref>{{better source needed|date=February 2024}}

* [[Ron DeSantis]], 46th [[Governor of Florida]] (2019–present), [[U.S. Representative]] from [[Florida's 6th congressional district]] (2013–2018), candidate for president in [[Ron DeSantis 2024 presidential campaign|2024]]<ref>{{cite web |url=https://thehill.com/opinion/campaign/4051518-is-the-trump-circus-about-to-push-desantis-into-2028/ |title=Is the Trump circus about to push DeSantis into 2028? |date=June 16, 2023|work=The Hill |first1=Douglas |last1=MacKinnon}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.axios.com/2024/01/30/desantis-2028-presidential-campaign |title=DeSantis boosts public image after dropping out, sparking '28 speculation |date=January 29, 2024 |work=Axios |first=Zachary |last=Basu}}</ref>
====Wes Moore====
* [[Byron Donalds]], [[United States House of Representatives|U.S. Representative]] from [[Florida's 19th congressional district]] (2021–present), Member of the [[Florida House of Representatives]] (2016–2020)<ref name="Scher">{{cite web |url=https://www.politico.com/news/magazine/2023/12/26/who-is-winning-2028-presidential-election-00133119|title=Which 2028 Presidential Wannabe Had the Best Year?|date=December 26, 2023 |work=Politico|first1=Bill|last1=Scher}}</ref>
[[Wes Moore]] has served as the governor of [[Maryland]] since 2023. Moore has been mentioned by ''Politico'' after Trump's victory as one of the Democrats positioning themself for a potential presidential run in 2028.<ref name="PoliticoMovesSink"/> It was also reported by ''[[The Baltimore Sun]]'' that if Moore is a force campaigning for Democrats in the upcoming midterm cycle, he could position himself as a national voice that would be in talks for the presidency in 2028.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Janesch |first1=Sam |title=Who's going to lead the Democratic Party after defeat? Why Wes Moore's name is coming up |url=https://www.baltimoresun.com/2024/11/12/whos-going-to-lead-the-democratic-party-after-defeat-why-wes-moores-name-is-coming-up/ |work=The Baltimore Sun |access-date=November 19, 2024 |date=November 12, 2024}}</ref>
* [[Matt Gaetz]], [[United States House of Representatives|U.S. Representative]] from [[Florida's 1st congressional district]] (2017–present), Member of the [[Florida House of Representatives]] (2010–2016)<ref name="Scher">{{cite web |url=https://www.politico.com/news/magazine/2023/12/26/who-is-winning-2028-presidential-election-00133119|title=Which 2028 Presidential Wannabe Had the Best Year?|date=December 26, 2023 |work=Politico|first1=Bill|last1=Scher}}</ref>

* [[Marjorie Taylor Greene]], [[United States House of Representatives|U.S. Representative]] from [[Georgia's 14th congressional district]] (2021–present)<ref>{{Citation |last=Sexton |first=Adam |title=CloseUp: Marjorie Taylor Greene open to future presidential run |date=2023-11-05 |url=https://www.wmur.com/article/closeup-taylor-greene-open-to-future-presidential-run/45745041 |access-date=2024-02-18 |language=en}}</ref>
====Gavin Newsom====
* [[Nikki Haley]], [[United States Ambassador to the United Nations|U.S. Ambassador to the United Nations]] (2017–2018), 116th [[Governor of South Carolina|Governor]] of [[South Carolina]] (2011–2017), [[South Carolina House of Representatives|South Carolina State Representative]] (2005–2011), candidate in [[2024 Republican Party presidential primaries|2024]]<ref name="Scher">{{cite web |url=https://www.politico.com/news/magazine/2023/12/26/who-is-winning-2028-presidential-election-00133119|title=Which 2028 Presidential Wannabe Had the Best Year?|date=December 26, 2023 |work=Politico|first1=Bill|last1=Scher}}</ref>
[[Gavin Newsom]] has served as the governor of [[California]] since 2019. Newsom has been viewed as a contender for the 2028 presidential election by ''The New York Times'',<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2024/11/21/us/newsom-california-counties-trump.html |title=Newsom to Visit California's Trump Country: 'Message Received' |date=November 21, 2024 |last=Hubler |first=Shawn |work=[[The New York Times]] |access-date=November 22, 2024}}</ref> ''Politico'',<ref name="PoliticoMovesSink"/> and ''The Washington Post'' after he garnered national attention by December 2023,<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2023/11/30/gavin-newsom-presidential-race-2028/ |title=Gavin Newsom 2028? His early moves offer a potential glimpse. |date=December 1, 2023 |last=Reston |first=Maeve |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |access-date=November 11, 2024}}</ref> and he was seen as a potential replacement for Biden after his withdrawal from the 2024 election by ''The New York Times''.<ref name="NYTimesTicket">{{Cite web |url=https://www.nytimes.com/article/joe-biden-democrats-nomination-gavin-newsom-whitmer.html |title=Who Will Replace Biden at the Top of the Ticket? |date=June 28, 2024 |last1=Cameron |first1=Chris |last2=Nagourney |first2=Adam |author-link2=Adam Nagourney |work=[[The New York Times]] |access-date=November 11, 2024}}</ref> According to ''The New York Times'', Newsom was considering a bid for the presidency by September 2023.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2023/09/28/us/politics/newsom-president-biden.html |title=Newsom Is in the Spin Room to Pump Up Biden, and Maybe Himself |date=September 28, 2023 |last=Nagourney |first=Adam |author-link=Adam Nagourney |work=[[The New York Times]] |access-date=November 11, 2024}}</ref> In November 2023, he appeared in a debate with Florida governor Ron DeSantis moderated by Fox News' Sean Hannity, in an event that was viewed as a precursor to a presidential bid by [[NBC News]].<ref name="NBCDebate"/> According to ''[[Axios (website)|Axios]]'', Newsom and [[JB Pritzker]] donated to [[Charleston, South Carolina]], mayoral candidate Clay Middleton, signaling a presidential ambition.<ref name="AxiosCheck">{{Cite web |url=https://www.axios.com/2023/11/06/newsom-pritzker-south-carolina-elections |title=Newsom, Pritzker signal White House ambitions in donations to S. Carolina candidate |date=November 6, 2023 |last=Thompson |first=Alex |work=[[Axios (website)|Axios]] |access-date=November 11, 2024}}</ref>
* [[Josh Hawley]], [[United States Senator]] from [[Missouri]] (2019–present), 42nd [[Attorney General of Missouri]] (2017–2020)<ref name="Scher">{{cite web |url=https://www.politico.com/news/magazine/2023/12/26/who-is-winning-2028-presidential-election-00133119|title=Which 2028 Presidential Wannabe Had the Best Year?|date=December 26, 2023 |work=Politico|first1=Bill|last1=Scher}}</ref>

* [[Sarah Huckabee Sanders]], 47th [[Governor of Arkansas]] (2023–present), 31st [[White House Press Secretary]] (2017–2019), [[White House Deputy Press Secretary]] (2017)<ref name="Scher">{{cite web |url=https://www.politico.com/news/magazine/2023/12/26/who-is-winning-2028-presidential-election-00133119|title=Which 2028 Presidential Wannabe Had the Best Year?|date=December 26, 2023 |work=Politico|first1=Bill|last1=Scher}}</ref>
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* [[Will Hurd]], [[United States Representative]] from [[Texas's 23rd congressional district]] (2015–2021), candidate for President in [[Will Hurd 2024 presidential campaign|2024]]<ref>{{cite web|title=Will Hurd Was Both Too Late and Too Early to Run as an Anti-Trump Moderate|url=https://www.texasmonthly.com/news-politics/will-hurd-exits-race/|author=Samuels, Alexandra|work=Texas Monthly |date=October 11, 2023|access-date=January 4, 2023}}</ref>
See talk page for why this is commented out.
* [[Brian Kemp]], 83rd [[Governor of Georgia]] (2019–present), 27th [[Secretary of State of Georgia]] (2010–2018), Member of the [[Georgia State Senate]] (2003–2007)<ref name="Scher">{{cite web |url=https://www.politico.com/news/magazine/2023/12/26/who-is-winning-2028-presidential-election-00133119|title=Which 2028 Presidential Wannabe Had the Best Year?|date=December 26, 2023 |work=Politico|first1=Bill|last1=Scher}}</ref>
====Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez====
* [[Mike Lee]], [[United States Senator]] from [[Utah]] (2011–present)<ref name="Geraghty">{{cite web |url=https://www.nationalreview.com/the-morning-jolt/if-you-want-to-be-a-partys-2028-nominee-work-hard-now/|title=If You Want to Be a Party's 2028 Nominee, Work Hard Now|date=December 27, 2023 |work=National Review|first1=Jim|last1=Geraghty}}</ref>{{better source needed|date=February 2024}}
[[Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez]] has served as the representative of {{USHR|NY|14}} since 2019. Ocasio-Cortez has been proposed as a potential candidate by ''[[The Hill (newspaper)|The Hill]]''<ref>{{cite web |title=Ranking the Democrats: Here's who the party could nominate next as president |url=https://thehill.com/homenews/campaign/5013304-democrats-2028-presidential-contenders/ |work=[[The Hill (newspaper)|The Hill]]|date=November 29, 2024 |access-date=November 29, 2024}}</ref> and ''[[Vanity Fair (magazine)|Vanity Fair]]'',<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.vanityfair.com/news/story/aoc-mark-cuban-democrats-2028 |title=President AOC? Democrats Need Star Power to Win in 2028 |date=December 4, 2024 |last=Smith |first=Chris |work=[[Vanity Fair (magazine)|Vanity Fair]] |access-date=December 6, 2024}}</ref> though she has considered running to be the ranking chair of the [[United States House Committee on Oversight and Accountability|House Committee on Oversight and Accountability]]. ''[[Politico]]'' noted that Ocasio-Cortez "has a prominent following from younger, diverse people."<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.politico.com/live-updates/2024/12/06/congress/aocs-oversight-pitch-00193045 |title=How AOC says she would approach Democrats' top Oversight job |date=December 6, 2024 |last1=Wu |first1=Nicholas |last2=Carney |first2=Jordain |last3=Diaz |first3=Daniella |work=[[Politico]] |access-date=December 6, 2024}}</ref> According to ''[[Politico]]'', there is also speculation amongst media outlets that have begun for Ocasio-Cortez being a potential candidate for President in 2028.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Coltin |first1=Jeff |last2=NGO |first2=Emily |last3=Reisman |first3=Nick |title=AOC for prez talk begins again |url=https://www.politico.com/newsletters/new-york-playbook/2024/12/02/aoc-for-prez-talk-begins-again-00192096 |publisher=Politico |access-date=December 12, 2024 |date=December 2, 2024}}</ref> Pundits for ''[[Spectrum News NY1]]'' proposed Ocasio-Cortez would be a “formidable contender” if she decided to make a run for the White House.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Chatelain |first1=Ryan |title=Pundits list Democrats they say would be strong presidential contenders in '28 |url=https://ny1.com/nyc/all-boroughs/politics/2024/11/15/possible-2028-democratic-presidential-candidates |publisher=Spectrum News NY1 |access-date=December 13, 2024 |date=November 15, 2024}}</ref>
* [[Kristi Noem]], 33rd [[Governor of South Dakota]] (2019–present), [[United States Representative]] from [[South Dakota's at-large congressional district]] (2011–2019), Member of the [[South Dakota House of Representatives]] (2007–2011)<ref name="Geraghty">{{cite web |url=https://www.nationalreview.com/the-morning-jolt/if-you-want-to-be-a-partys-2028-nominee-work-hard-now/|title=If You Want to Be a Party's 2028 Nominee, Work Hard Now|date=December 27, 2023 |work=National Review|first1=Jim|last1=Geraghty}}</ref>{{better source needed|date=January 2024}}

* [[Mike Pence]], 48th [[Vice President of the United States]] (2017–2021), 50th [[Governor of Indiana]] (2013–2017), [[United States Representative]] from [[Indiana's 6th congressional district]] (2003–2013), [[United States Representative]] from [[Indiana's 2nd congressional district]] (2001–2003), candidate for president in [[Mike Pence 2024 presidential campaign|2024]]<ref>{{cite web|title=Experts weigh in on Pence's loss and future |url=https://www.wfyi.org/news/articles/experts-weigh-in-on-pences-loss-and-future|author=Sandweiss, Ethan|work=WFYI |date=November 1, 2023|access-date=January 4, 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Mike Pence looks like he is running for president. But, why?|url=https://www.cnn.com/2022/10/05/politics/mike-pence-presidential-campaign-2024/index.html|author=Cillizza, Chris|work=CNN |date=October 5, 2022|access-date=January 4, 2024}}</ref>
-->
* [[Mike Pompeo]], 70th [[United States Secretary of State|U.S. Secretary of State]] (2018–2021), 6th [[Director of the Central Intelligence Agency|Director of the C.I.A.]] (2017–2018), [[United States Representative|U.S. Representative]] from [[Kansas's 4th congressional district]] (2011–2017)<ref>{{cite web|title=Kansas political analysts: Pompeo wisely steps aside in 2024 presidential election cycle|url=https://kansasreflector.com/2023/04/19/kansas-political-analysts-pompeo-wisely-steps-aside-in-2024-presidential-election-cycle/|author=Carpenter, Tim|work=Kansas Reflector|date=April 19, 2023|access-date=December 16, 2023}}</ref>
====Dean Phillips====
* [[Vivek Ramaswamy]], businessman, candidate for president in [[2024 Republican Party presidential primaries|2024]]<ref>{{cite web|title=Commentary: Who's Vivek Ramaswamy? The Trump 2.0 candidate making waves in the Republican primaries|url=https://www.ucl.ac.uk/news/2023/aug/commentary-whos-vivek-ramaswamy-trump-20-candidate-making-waves-republican-primaries|author=Gift, Thomas|work=University College London|date=August 31, 2023|access-date=December 21, 2023}}</ref>
[[Dean Phillips]] has served as the representative of [[Minnesota's 3rd congressional district]] since 2019. Phillips [[Dean Phillips 2024 presidential campaign|ran a campaign]] against Biden in the [[2024 Democratic Party presidential primaries|2024 Democratic presidential primaries]].<ref>{{cite web |last1=John |first1=Arit |last2=McKend |first2=Eva |last3=Pellish |first3=Aaron |title=House Democrat Dean Phillips launches primary challenge against President Biden |url=https://www.cnn.com/2023/10/26/politics/dean-phillips-presidential-campaign-launch/index.html |publisher=CNN |access-date=December 12, 2024 |date=October 27, 2023}}</ref> Phillips received the second-highest number of delegates of any candidate in the primaries, but was unsuccessful.<ref>{{cite web |title=2024 Presidential Primary Delegate Tracker |url=https://www.usatoday.com/elections/results/2024/presidential-delegates |publisher=USA Today |access-date=December 12, 2024}}</ref> In an interview with ''[[CBS Minnesota]]'', Phillips was asked about his future political aspirations. He ruled out a bid for the U.S. senate or the governor's office in 2026 but said, "never say never" regarding another presidential campaign in 2028.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Cummings |first1=Caroline |title=Rep. Dean Phillips: Dem primary would've "elevated a candidate better positioned to win" presidency |url=https://www.cbsnews.com/minnesota/news/rep-dean-phillips-competitive-democratic-primary-wouldve-elevated-a-candidate-better-positioned-to-win-presidency/ |publisher=CBS News |access-date=December 12, 2024 |date=November 29, 2024}}</ref> The ''[[HuffPost]]'' reported that after the election, Phillips said of his White House bid, “I would do it a thousand times again.”<ref>{{cite web |last1=Nicholson |first1=Jonathan |title=Dean Phillips, Early Challenger To Biden For 2024 Nomination: I Would Do It All Again |url=https://www.huffpost.com/entry/dean-phillips-stands-by-decision-to-challenge-biden_n_673fa647e4b090a704c8eadc |publisher=HuffPost |access-date=December 12, 2024 |date=November 21, 2024}}</ref> In an interview with ''[[the Nation]]'', Phillips was asked what's next for him and his relationship with the Democratic Party, to which he responded, "I’ve been a Democrat my entire life and still aspire to play a role in making us more competitive and effective."<ref>{{cite web |last1=Dahlkamp |first1=Owen |title="We Learned Very Little From 2016": Dean Phillips Is Still Worried About the Democratic Party's Strategy |url=https://www.thenation.com/article/politics/dean-phillips-interview-2024-election/ |publisher=The Nation |access-date=December 12, 2024 |date=November 15, 2024}}</ref> The ''[[Minnesota Star Tribune]]'' reported that Phillips is not sure what he’ll do after departing Washington in January but did not rule out another presidential bid when telling constituents at the Ridgedale Library in [[Minnetonka, Minnesota|Minnetonka]] that although he has no plans to aim for either Minnesota’s governorship or the U.S. Senate, he does not intend to go away.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Hughes |first1=Elliot |title=Democrats still upset with Rep. Dean Phillips, but he said he feels good as he exits Congress |url=https://www.startribune.com/dean-phillips-congress-president-biden-democrats-israel-netanyahu/601187598 |publisher=The Minnesota Star Tribune |access-date=December 12, 2024 |date=November 27, 2024}}</ref>
* [[Kim Reynolds]], 43rd [[Governor of Iowa]] (2017–present), 46th [[Lieutenant Governor of Iowa]] (2011–2017), Member of the [[Iowa Senate]] (2009–2011)<ref name="Geraghty">{{cite web |url=https://www.nationalreview.com/the-morning-jolt/if-you-want-to-be-a-partys-2028-nominee-work-hard-now/|title=If You Want to Be a Party's 2028 Nominee, Work Hard Now|date=December 27, 2023 |work=National Review|first1=Jim|last1=Geraghty}}</ref>{{better source needed|date=February 2024}}

* [[Marco Rubio]], [[United States Senator]] from [[Florida]] (2011–present), 94th [[Speaker of the Florida House of Representatives]] (2006–2008), Member of the [[Florida House of Representatives]] (2000–2008), Member of the [[West Miami, Florida|West Miami City Commission]] (1998–2000), candidate for president in [[Marco Rubio 2016 presidential campaign|2016]]<ref name="Geraghty">{{cite web |url=https://www.nationalreview.com/the-morning-jolt/if-you-want-to-be-a-partys-2028-nominee-work-hard-now/|title=If You Want to Be a Party's 2028 Nominee, Work Hard Now|date=December 27, 2023 |work=National Review|first1=Jim|last1=Geraghty}}</ref>{{better source needed|date=February 2024}}
====JB Pritzker====
* [[Elise Stefanik]], [[United States House of Representatives|United States Representative]] from [[New York's 21st congressional district]] (2015–present), Chair of the [[House Republican Conference]] (2021–present)<ref name="Scher">{{cite web |url=https://www.politico.com/news/magazine/2023/12/26/who-is-winning-2028-presidential-election-00133119|title=Which 2028 Presidential Wannabe Had the Best Year?|date=December 26, 2023 |work=Politico|first1=Bill|last1=Scher}}</ref>
[[JB Pritzker]] has served as the governor of [[Illinois]] since 2019. Pritzker is a potential Democratic contender, according to ''[[Chicago Sun-Times]]''.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://chicago.suntimes.com/elections/2024/11/08/pritzker-presidential-run-2028-donald-trump-project-2025 |title=JB Pritzker studies Project 2025 and Trump, ponders his own political future |date=November 8, 2024 |last=Sfondeles |first=Tina |work=[[Chicago Sun-Times]] |access-date=November 11, 2024}}</ref> With Newsom, he donated to Middleton.<ref name="AxiosCheck"/> In 2023, Pritzker declined to speak directly with [[United States House of Representatives|representative]] [[Dean Phillips]] regarding his effort to try to convince him to enter the Democratic Party presidential primary race to oppose Biden.<ref name="2024DemocraticPrimary1">{{cite web |last1=Hall |first1=Madison |title=A congressman tried to get the governors of Michigan and Illinois to run against Biden in the Democratic primary, but they wouldn't directly take his calls |url=https://www.businessinsider.com/the-governors-of-illinois-and-michigan-ignored-dean-phillips-calls-2023-10 |publisher=Business Insider |access-date=December 7, 2024 |date=October 31, 2023}}</ref><ref name="2024DemocraticPrimary2">{{cite web |last1=Alberta |first1=Tim |title=Dean Phillips Has a Warning for Democrats |url=https://www.theatlantic.com/politics/archive/2023/10/dean-phillips-joe-biden-2024-primary/675784/ |access-date=December 7, 2024 |date=October 27, 2023 |publisher=The Atlantic}}</ref>
* [[Francis Suarez|Francis X. Suarez]], 43rd [[Mayor of Miami|Mayor of Miami, Florida]] (2017–present), candidate for president in [[Francis Suarez 2024 presidential campaign|2024]]<ref>{{cite web|title=Miami mayor jumps into 2024 presidential race though some think he's eyeing 2028|url=https://www.wptv.com/news/political/miami-mayor-jumps-into-2024-presidential-race-though-some-think-hes-eyeing-2028|author=Saunders, Forrest|work=WPTV |date=June 15, 2023|access-date=January 4, 2024}}</ref>

* [[Donald Trump Jr.]], businessman, son of President Donald J. Trump<ref>{{cite web|title=Donald Trump Jr For US President In 2028? Ex-First Son Says 'Never Say Never'|url=https://www.timesnownews.com/world/donald-trump-jr-for-us-president-in-2028-ex-first-son-says-never-say-never-article-106907628|author=TN World Desk|work=Times Now News|date=January 17, 2024|access-date=January 22, 2024}}</ref>
====Josh Shapiro====
* [[JD Vance]], [[Vice President-elect of the United States|Vice president-elect]] of the United States, [[United States Senator]] from [[Ohio]] (2023–present), and candidate for vice president in [[2024 Republican Party vice presidential candidate selection|2024]]<ref name="Scher">{{cite web |url=https://www.politico.com/news/magazine/2023/12/26/who-is-winning-2028-presidential-election-00133119|title=Which 2028 Presidential Wannabe Had the Best Year?|date=December 26, 2023 |work=Politico|first1=Bill|last1=Scher}}</ref>
[[Josh Shapiro]] has served as the governor of [[Pennsylvania]] since 2023. Shapiro has been seen as a critical figure in Pennsylvania by Democratic strategists and officials, according to ''Politico'',<ref name="PoliticoMovesSink"/> and as a politician who could garner votes from white working-class voters, according to [[CNN]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.cnn.com/2024/11/10/politics/democrats-election-party-future-voters/index.html |title=Still-stunned Democrats begin to squint toward their future |date=November 10, 2024 |last=Dovere |first=Edward-Isaac |publisher=[[CNN]] |access-date=November 11, 2024}}</ref> He was said to be a front-runner in the primary by ''[[The Philadelphia Inquirer]]''.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.inquirer.com/politics/election/josh-shapiro-2028-presidential-election-frontrunner-20241107.html |title=Welcome to the 2028 presidential election cycle, where Pa. Gov. Josh Shapiro is a front-runner |date=November 7, 2024 |last=McGoldrick |first=Gilliam |work=[[The Philadelphia Inquirer]] |access-date=November 11, 2024}}</ref> According to ''The New York Times'', Shapiro was seen as a potential replacement for Biden.<ref name="NYTimesTicket"/>
* [[Glenn Youngkin]], 74th [[Governor of Virginia]] (2022–present)<ref>{{cite web|title=Glenn Youngkin's Presidential Ambitions Face Test in Virginia State Elections |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2023-11-07/will-glenn-youngkin-run-for-president-2024-virginia-elections-a-key-test|author=Cook, Nancy|work=Bloomberg|date=November 7, 2023|access-date=December 2, 2023}}</ref>

{{Gallery
====Gretchen Whitmer====
| title = Potential Republicans
[[Gretchen Whitmer]] has served as the governor of [[Michigan]] since 2019. Whitmer has been discussed as a contender in 2028, although she distanced herself from speculation in an interview with [[Lulu Garcia-Navarro]] of ''[[The New York Times Magazine]]'' in June 2024.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2024/06/22/magazine/gretchen-whitmer-interview.html |title=Gretchen Whitmer Wants a Gen X President — in 2028 |date=June 22, 2024 |last=Garcia-Navarro |first=Lulu |author-link=Lulu Garcia-Navarro |work=[[The New York Times Magazine]] |access-date=November 11, 2024}}</ref> In 2023, Whitmer declined to speak directly with [[United States House of Representatives|representative]] [[Dean Phillips]] regarding his effort to try to convince her to enter the Democratic Party presidential primary race to oppose Biden.<ref name="2024DemocraticPrimary1"></ref><ref name="2024DemocraticPrimary2"></ref> She disavowed a movement to replace Biden.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.politico.com/news/magazine/2024/07/01/whitmer-biden-democrats-2028-00165995 |title=Whitmer Disavows 'Draft Gretch' Movement — and Delivers A Warning to Biden |date=July 1, 2024 |last=Martin |first=Jonathan |work=[[Politico]] |access-date=November 11, 2024}}</ref>
| align = center

| footer =
===Declined to be candidates===
| style =
The following individuals stated that they would not run for president:
| state =
* [[John Fetterman]], [[U.S. Senator]] from [[Pennsylvania]] (2023–present) and 34th [[Lieutenant Governor of Pennsylvania]] (2019–2023)<ref name="NBCNewsJockeying"/>
| mode = packed

| height = 160
==Independents==
| width = 160
===Declined to be candidates===
| captionstyle =
The following individuals stated that they would not run for president:
|File:Greg Abbott in 2024 (cropped).jpg|{{Center|[[Governor of Texas|Governor]]<br/> '''[[Greg Abbott]]'''<br/> of [[Texas]]}}
* [[Mark Cuban]], billionaire businessman, co-owner of the [[Dallas Mavericks]], and co-founder of [[2929 Entertainment]]<ref name="NBCNewsJockeying">{{Cite web |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/democratic-jockeying-2028-presidential-election-already-underway-rcna179653 |title=Democratic jockeying for the 2028 presidential election is already underway |date=November 16, 2024 |last1=Smith |first1=Allan |last2=Korecki |first2=Natasha |last3=Seitz-Wald |first3=Alex |publisher=[[NBC News]] |access-date=November 24, 2024}}</ref>
|File:Katie Britt (cropped).jpg|{{Center|[[United States Senator|U.S. Senator]]<br/> '''[[Katie Britt]]'''<br/> from [[Alabama]]}}

|File:Chris Christie October 2023.jpg|{{Center|Former [[Governor of New Jersey|Governor]]<br/> '''[[Chris Christie]]'''<br/> of [[New Jersey]]}}
==Timeline==
|File:Doug Burgum (53299217989) (double cropped).jpg|{{Center|[[Governor of North Dakota|Governor]]<br/> '''[[Doug Burgum]]'''<br/> of [[North Dakota]]}}
|File:Tucker Carlson (53423778343) (cropped).jpg|{{Center|Political commentator<br/> '''[[Tucker Carlson]]'''<br/> from [[Florida]]}}
|File:Liz Cheney official 116th Congress portrait (cropped) 2.jpg|{{Center|Former [[United States Representative|U.S. Representative]]<br/> '''[[Liz Cheney]]'''<br/> from [[Wyoming]]}}
|File:Tom Cotton official Senate photo (cropped).jpg|{{Center|[[United States Senator|U.S. Senator]]<br/> '''[[Tom Cotton]]'''<br/> from [[Arkansas]]}}
|File:Governor Ron DeSantis (cropped).jpg|{{Center|[[Governor of Florida|Governor]]<br/> '''[[Ron DeSantis]]'''<br/> of [[Florida]]}}
|File:Rep. Byron Donalds official photo, 117th Congress (cropped).jpg|{{Center|[[United States Representative|U.S. Representative]]<br/> '''[[Byron Donalds]]'''<br/> from [[Florida]]}}
|File:Matt Gaetz 117th Congress portrait (head crop).jpg|{{Center|[[United States Representative|U.S. Representative]]<br/> '''[[Matt Gaetz]]'''<br/> from [[Florida]]}}
|File:Marjorie Taylor Greene 117th Congress portrait (cropped) v2.jpeg|{{Center|[[U.S. Representative]]<br>'''[[Marjorie Taylor Greene]]'''<br>from [[Georgia (U.S. state)|Georgia]]}}
|File:Nikki Haley (53299447738) (cropped).jpg|{{Center|Former [[United States Ambassador to the United Nations|U.N. Ambassador]]<br/> '''[[Nikki Haley]]'''<br/> from [[South Carolina]]}}
|File:Josh Hawley, official portrait, 116th congress (cropped).jpg|{{Center|[[United States Senator|U.S. Senator]]<br/> '''[[Josh Hawley]]'''<br/> from [[Missouri]]}}
|File:Sarah Huckabee Sanders 2023.jpg|{{Center|[[Governor of Arkansas|Governor]]<br/> '''[[Sarah Huckabee Sanders]]'''<br/> of [[Arkansas]]}}
|File:Will Hurd by Gage Skidmore.jpg|{{Center|Former [[United States Representative|U.S. Representative]]<br/> '''[[Will Hurd]]'''<br/> from [[Texas]]}}
|File:David Perdue and Brian Kemp (cropped) (cropped).jpg|{{Center|[[Governor of Georgia|Governor]]<br/> '''[[Brian Kemp]]'''<br/> of [[Georgia]]}}
|File:Mike Lee, official portrait (4x5 crop).jpg|{{Center|[[United States Senator|U.S. Senator]]<br/> '''[[Mike Lee]]'''<br/> from [[Utah]]}}
|File:Noem Portrait 2 (cropped).jpg|{{Center|[[Governor of South Dakota|Governor]]<br/> '''[[Kristi Noem]]'''<br/> of [[South Dakota]]}}
|File:Mike Pence (53299483780) (double cropped).jpg|{{Center|Former [[Vice President of the United States|Vice President]]<br/> '''[[Mike Pence]]'''<br/> from [[Indiana]]}}
|File:Mike Pompeo by Gage Skidmore 3.jpg|{{Center|Former [[United States Secretary of State|U.S. Secretary of State]]<br/> '''[[Mike Pompeo]]'''<br/> from [[Kansas]]}}
|File:Vivek Ramaswamy (53808817681) (cropped).jpg|{{Center|Businessman<br/> '''[[Vivek Ramaswamy]]'''<br/> from [[Ohio]]}}
|File:Kim Reynolds (53129996491) (cropped).jpg|{{Center|[[Governor of Iowa|Governor]]<br/> '''[[Kim Reynolds]]'''<br/> of [[Iowa]]}}
|File:Senator Rubio official portrait (cropped 2).jpg|{{Center|[[United States Senator|U.S. Senator]]<br/> '''[[Marco Rubio]]'''<br/> from [[Florida]]}}
|File:Elise Stefanik portrait (118th Congress).jpg|{{Center|[[United States Representative|U.S. Representative]]<br/> '''[[Elise Stefanik]]'''<br/> from [[New York]]}}
|File:Francis Suarez by Gage Skidmore (cropped).jpg|{{Center|[[Mayor of Miami]]<br/> '''[[Francis Suarez|Francis X. Suarez]]'''<br/> from [[Florida]]}}
|53=File:Donald Trump, Jr. (53809123743) (cropped).jpg|54={{Center|Businessman<br/> '''[[Donald Trump Jr.|Donald J. Trump Jr.]]'''<br/> from [[Florida]]}}|55=File:J. D. Vance (53809430888) (cropped2).jpg|56={{Center|[[Vice President-elect of the United States|Vice President-elect]]<br/> '''[[JD Vance]]'''<br/> from [[Ohio]]}}|57=File:Glenn Youngkin, March 2024 (cropped).png|58={{Center|[[Governor of Virginia|Governor]]<br/> '''[[Glenn Youngkin]]'''<br/> of [[Virginia]]}}|59=|60=}}


{{Main|Timeline of the 2028 United States presidential election}}
====Declined to be candidates====
*[[Kevin McCarthy]], former [[U.S. representative]] for [[California's 20th congressional district]] (2007–2023) and former [[Speaker of the United States House of Representatives|Speaker of the House]] (2023)<ref>{{cite news |last1=Solender |first1=Andrew |title=McCarthy floats future run for office in rare Capitol Hill visit |url=https://www.axios.com/2024/02/13/kevin-mccarthy-potential-office-run |access-date=17 February 2024 |website=[[Axios (website)|Axios]] |date=13 February 2024}}</ref>


===Opinion polling===
== Opinion polling ==
=== Republican primary ===
{| class="wikitable sortable mw-datatable" style="font-size:90%;text-align:center;"
{| class="wikitable sortable mw-datatable" style="font-size:90%;text-align:center;"
|- valign="bottom" style="font-size:90%;"
|- valign="bottom" style="font-size:90%;"
! Poll source
! Poll source
! Date(s) administered
! Date(s) administered
! Sample size
! Sample size{{Efn|name="Key"}}
! Margin of error
! Tucker<br />Carlson
! Tucker<br />Carlson
! Ted<br>Cruz{{efn|[[Natural-born-citizen clause (United States)#Ted Cruz|Questions have been raised]] as to whether Cruz meets the constitutional qualification that the President must be a natural born citizen, as Cruz was born in Canada}}
! Ron<br />DeSantis
! Ron<br />DeSantis
! Nikki<br />Haley
! Nikki<br />Haley
! Robert F.<br />Kennedy Jr.
! Vivek<br />Ramaswamy
! Vivek<br />Ramaswamy
! Marco<br>Rubio
! Donald<br>Trump Jr.
! JD<br />Vance
! JD<br />Vance
! Other/<br />Undecided
! Other
! Undecided
|-
| [https://mclaughlinonline.com/pols/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/National-December-Presentation-RELEASE-12-17-24.pdf McLaughlin & Associates]
| December 11–16, 2024
| 463 (LV)
| —
| —
| 9%
| 4%
| –
| 4%
| 2%
| 21%
| {{Party shading/Republican}} |'''35%'''
| 9%{{efn|Tim Scott with 3%; Tulsi Gabbard, Sarah Huckabee Sanders & Glenn Youngkin with 2%; Greg Abbott, Tom Cotton, Kristi Noem & Rick Scott with 1%; Larry Hogan & Elise Stefanik with <1%}}
| 24%
|-
| [https://pro.morningconsult.com/analysis/2028-gop-primary-polling-december-2024 Morning Consult]
| December 6–8, 2024
| 994 (RV)
| 1%
| —
| 9%
| 6%
| 5%
| 5%
| 1%
| style="background-color:#FFFA85;" | '''30%'''
| style="background-color:#FFFA85;" | '''30%'''
| 18%{{efn|Greg Abbott, Brian Kemp, Sarah Huckabee Sanders, and Glenn Youngkin with 1%; Someone else with 5%; Would not vote with 4%}}
| —
|-
| [https://emersoncollegepolling.com/november-2024-national-poll-trump-favorability-jumps-post-election-2028-election-kicks-off-with-harris-and-vance-leading-primaries/ Emerson College]
| November 20–22, 2024
| 420 (RV)
| —
| 1%
| 5%
| 2%
| 2%
| 3%
| 1%
| —
| {{Party shading/Republican}} |'''30%'''
| 9%{{efn|Tulsi Gabbard and Candace Owens with 1%; Elon Musk, and Glenn Youngkin with <1%; Someone else with 5%}}{{efn|Musk is not eligible to serve as president as he is not a natural-born citizen}}
|{{Party shading/Undecided}} | '''51%'''{{efn|Including 23% who said Donald Trump, who is not eligible under the terms of the 22nd Amendment}}
|-
| [https://echeloninsights.com/in-the-news/nov-2024-verified-voter-omnibus/ Echelon Insights]
| November 14–18, 2024
| 483 (LV)
| —
| 5%
| 8%
| 9%
| —
| 9%
| 5%
| —
| {{Party shading/Republican}} |'''37%'''
| 9%{{efn|Sarah Huckabee Sanders with 2%; Josh Hawley, Tim Scott, Glenn Youngkin, and Kristi Noem with 1%; Katie Britt, Doug Burgum, and Elise Stefanik with 0%; Someone else with 3%}}
| 18%
|-
|- style="background:lightyellow;"
| style="border-right-style:hidden; background:lightyellow;" |
| style="border-right-style:hidden; " |November 5, 2024
| colspan="12" | [[2024 United States presidential election]] held.
|-
|-
|[https://echeloninsights.com/in-the-news/july2024-verified-voter-omnibus-2-2-2-2/ Echelon Insights]
|[https://echeloninsights.com/in-the-news/july2024-verified-voter-omnibus-2-2-2-2/ Echelon Insights]
|July 19-21, 2024
|July 19–21, 2024
|982 (RV)
|982 (RV)
|—
| ±&nbsp;3.8%
|
|4%
|14%
|14%
|9%
|9%
| —
|10%
|10%
|2%
|{{Party shading/Republican}} |'''25%'''
| —
|16%{{efn|Ted Cruz with 4%. Sarah Huckabee Sanders with 3%. Josh Hawley, Marco Rubio, and Tim Scott with 2%. Katie Britt, Byron Donalds, and Glenn Youngkin with 1%. Undecided with 21%.}}
|{{Party shading/Republican}} |'''19%'''
|16%{{efn|Sarah Huckabee Sanders with 3%; Josh Hawley, and Tim Scott with 2%; Katie Britt, Byron Donalds, and Glenn Youngkin with 1%}}
|{{Party shading/Undecided}} |'''21%'''
|-
|-
|[https://x.com/Politics_Polls/status/1749632663122505993?s=20 Echelon Insights]
|[https://x.com/Politics_Polls/status/1749632663122505993?s=20 Echelon Insights]
|January 16-18, 2024
|January 16–18, 2024
|832 (RV)
|832 (RV)
| ±&nbsp;3.4%
|6%
|6%
|—
|{{Party shading/Republican}} |'''27%'''
|{{Party shading/Republican}} |'''27%'''
|19%
|19%
| —
|18%
|18%
|—
| —
|1%
|1%
|29%{{efn|Greg Abbott with 3%. Kari Lake and Glenn Youngkin with 2%. Tom Cotton, Byron Donalds, Josh Hawley, Brian Kemp, and Elise Stefanik with 1%. Katie Britt with 0%. Undecided with 17%.}}
|12%{{efn|Greg Abbott with 3%; Kari Lake and Glenn Youngkin with 2%; Tom Cotton, Byron Donalds, Josh Hawley, Brian Kemp, and Elise Stefanik with 1%; Katie Britt with 0%}}
|17%
|-
|-
|}
|}


=== Democratic primary ===
=== Independent and third-party candidates ===
{| class="wikitable sortable mw-datatable" style="font-size:90%;text-align:center;"
<!--under NO circumstances may speculative content be placed in this section. SOURCED CONTENT ONLY. -->
|- valign="bottom" style="font-size:90%;"
! Poll source
! Date(s) administered
! Sample size{{efn|name="Key"|Key:<br />A – all adults<br />RV – registered voters<br />LV – likely voters<br />V – unclear}}
! Pete<br />Buttigieg
! Kamala<br />Harris
! Gavin<br />Newsom
! Josh<br>Shapiro
! Tim<br>Walz
! Other
! Undecided
|-
| [https://mclaughlinonline.com/pols/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/National-December-Presentation-RELEASE-12-17-24.pdf McLaughlin & Associates]
| December 11–16, 2024
| 428 (LV)
| 12%
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} |'''35%'''
| 7%
| 5%
| 5%
| 18%{{efn|Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez, JB Pritzker, Gretchen Whitmer & Beto O'Rourke with 3%; Cory Booker with 2%; Amy Klobuchar, Wes Moore, Phil Murphy & Deval Patrick with 1%; Jared Polis with <1%}}
| 19%
|-
| [https://emersoncollegepolling.com/november-2024-national-poll-trump-favorability-jumps-post-election-2028-election-kicks-off-with-harris-and-vance-leading-primaries/ Emerson College]
| November 20–22, 2024
| 400 (RV)
| 4%
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} |'''37%'''
| 7%
| 3%
| 1%
| 17%{{efn|Gretchen Whitmer with 3%; Michelle Obama and Bernie Sanders with 2%; Hakeem Jeffries, Wes Moore, Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez, JB Pritzker, Jon Stewart, and Rashida Tlaib with 1%; Andy Beshear and Mark Kelly with <1%; Someone else with 4%}}
| 35%
|-
| [https://echeloninsights.com/in-the-news/nov-2024-verified-voter-omnibus/ Echelon Insights]
| November 14–18, 2024
| 457 (LV)
| 6%
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} |'''41%'''
| 8%
| 7%
| 6%
| 16%{{efn|Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez with 4%; Gretchen Whitmer with 3%; J.B. Pritzker, Andy Beshear, and Cory Booker with 2%; Jared Polis and Wes Moore with 1%; Someone else with 1%}}
| 16%
|-
| [https://pro.morningconsult.com/analysis/kamala-harris-2028-democratic-primary-polling-november-2024/ Morning Consult]
| November 15–17, 2024
| 1,012 (V)
| 9%
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} |'''43%'''
| 8%
| 5%
| 7%
| 27%{{efn|Alexandria-Ocasio Cortez with 4%; Gretchen Whitmer with 3%; Cory Booker, Amy Klobuchar, Elizabeth Warren, and Andy Beshear with 2%; Wes Moore, JB Pritzker, and John Fetterman with 1%; "Someone else" with 3%; "Would not vote" with 6%}}
| —
|- style="background:lightyellow;"
| style="border-right-style:hidden; background:lightyellow;" |
| style="border-right-style:hidden; background:lightyellow;" |November 5, 2024
| colspan="10" style="background:lightyellow;" | [[2024 United States presidential election]] held.
|-
|[https://www.politico.com/f/?id=0000018f-f8f8-d844-a1ff-fffed00f0000 Morning Consult/Politico]
|May 28–29, 2024
|3,997 (RV)
| 10%
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} |'''21%'''
| 10%
| 3%
| —
| 12%{{efn|Mark Kelly and Gretchen Whitmer with 4%; "Someone else" with 7%}}
| {{Party shading/Undecided}} |'''41%'''
|-
|[https://x.com/Politics_Polls/status/1749182192796811384?s=20 Echelon Insights]
|January 16–18, 2024
|499 (RV)
| 13%
| {{Party shading/Democratic}} |'''33%'''
| 11%
| 2%
| —
| 12%{{efn|J. B. Pritzker and Gretchen Whitmer with 3%; John Fetterman, and Raphael Warnock with 2%; Andy Beshear and Wes Moore with 1%}}
| 29%
|-
|}


== Notes ==
====Potential candidates====
{{Notelist}}
* [[Mark Cuban]], businessman, investor, and television personality<ref>{{cite web|title=Is Mark Cuban running for US president in 2024 or 2028?|url=https://bvmsports.com/2023/11/29/is-mark-cuban-running-for-us-president-in-2024-or-2028/|author=Mujid, Zaakirah|work=BVM Sports|date=November 29, 2023|access-date=December 23, 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Mark Cuban Responds to Speculation About His Presidential Ambitions|url=https://www.mensjournal.com/news/mark-cuban-responds-speculation-presidential-ambitions|author=Ritzen, Stacey|work=Men's Journal|date=November 29, 2023|access-date=December 23, 2023}}</ref>
* [[Stephen Curry]], professional basketball player for the [[Golden State Warriors]] (2009–present)<ref>{{cite web |title=Stephen Curry for president? 'Maybe' says Warriors star, who wants to leverage his influence for good |first=Jasmyn |last=Wimbish |work=[[CBS Sports]] |date=March 13, 2024 |access-date=March 13, 2024 |url=https://www.cbssports.com/nba/news/stephen-curry-for-president-maybe-says-warriors-star-who-wants-to-leverage-his-influence-for-good/}}</ref>
* [[Dwayne Johnson]], actor and professional wrestler<ref>{{cite magazine|title=Dwayne Johnson Says Running For President Is "Off the Table"|url=https://www.vanityfair.com/style/2022/10/dwayne-johnson-running-for-president-off-the-table-for-now|author=Kirkpatrick, Emily|magazine=Vanity Fair|date=October 9, 2022|access-date=January 22, 2024}}</ref>
{{Gallery
| title = Potential Independents
| align = center
| footer =
| style =
| state =
| mode = packed
| height = 160
| width = 160
| captionstyle =
|File:MarkCuban2023.jpg|{{Center|Businessman<br/> '''[[Mark Cuban]]'''<br/> from [[Texas]]}}
|File:Steph Curry P20230117AS-1347 (cropped).jpg|{{center|Basketball player<br>'''[[Stephen Curry]]'''<br>from [[California]]}}
|File:Dwayne "The Rock" Johnson Visits the Pentagon (41) (cropped).jpg|{{Center|Actor<br/> '''[[Dwayne Johnson]]'''<br/> from [[Georgia (U.S. state)|Georgia]]}}
||}}

==Notes==
{{notelist}}


==References==
==References==
{{reflist}}
{{Reflist}}


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{{United States presidential elections}}
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[[Category:2028 United States presidential election| ]]
{{Draft categories|
[[:Category:2028 United States presidential election| ]]
[[Category:November 2028 events in the United States|United States presidential election, 2028]]
[[Category:Second presidency of Donald Trump]]
[[:Category:November 2028 events in the United States|United States presidential election, 2028]]
}}

Latest revision as of 21:29, 19 December 2024

2028 United States presidential election
← 2024 November 7, 2028 2032 →
538 members of the Electoral College
270 electoral votes needed to win
 
Party Republican Democratic
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2028 electoral map, based on the results of the 2020 census.
Incumbent President

Donald Trump
Republican



Presidential elections are scheduled to be held in the United States on November 7, 2028,[1] to elect a president and vice president for a term of four years. The victors of the election are expected to be inaugurated on January 20, 2029.

After winning the 2016 and 2024 presidential elections, Donald Trump is ineligible for a third term, due to the provisions of the Twenty-second Amendment. Trump's second term expires at noon on January 20, 2029, when the winners of the election will be inaugurated as the president and vice president of the United States.

As the vice president-elect of the United States, JD Vance is likely to be considered a frontrunner for the Republican nomination for president, with governors Ron DeSantis of Florida, Brian Kemp of Georgia and Glenn Youngkin of Virginia as potential contenders.

Vice President Kamala Harris, governors Andy Beshear of Kentucky, Roy Cooper of North Carolina, Wes Moore of Maryland, Gavin Newsom of California, JB Pritzker of Illinois, Josh Shapiro of Pennsylvania, and Gretchen Whitmer of Michigan along with representative Dean Phillips of Minnesota are considered potential contenders for the Democratic presidential nomination.

Background

See also: 2024 United States presidential election and 2024 United States elections
Donald Trump will be term-limited once his second term ends at noon on January 20, 2029

The Republican Party, represented by Donald Trump and JD Vance, is expected to come to power in the United States in January 2025 following the 2024 election. Trump, who was elected president in 2016 but lost a re-election bid in 2020 to Joe Biden, defeated Vice President Kamala Harris, who began her campaign following President Joe Biden's exit from the 2024 election. Trump's victory was credited to a surge in inflation and an immigration crisis.[2] Republicans secured control of the Senate and retained a House majority.[3]

Electoral system

The president and vice president of the United States are elected through the Electoral College, a group of 538 presidential electors who convene to vote for the president and vice president. The number of electors in the Electoral College is determined through the total number of senators and representatives with an additional three representatives for Washington, D.C.. Electors cast votes for the president and vice president; the winner is elected through a majority of 270 votes. If the election ends in a tie, a contingent election occurs, in which the House of Representatives votes on the president and the Senate votes on the vice president. Forty-eight states use a winner-take-all system in which states award all of their electors to the winner of the popular vote. In Maine and Nebraska, two votes are allocated to the winner of the popular vote, while each of the individual congressional districts have one vote. Electoral votes are certified by state electors in December and by Congress on January 6.[4]

Presidential candidates are selected in a presidential primary, conducted through primary elections or caucuses. The results of primary elections, ran by state governments, and caucuses, ran by state parties, bind convention delegates to candidates. The Democratic Party mandates a proportional allocation if a candidate receives at least fifteen percent in a given congressional district, while the Republican Party gives state parties the authority to allocate all of the delegates to a candidate within the "proportionality window", set by the first two weeks of March. After the window, state parties may set individual rules.[5] A brokered convention occurs when a candidate does not receive a majority of votes on the first round of voting,[6] or when a candidate withdraws.[7]

Article Two of the United States Constitution states that for a person to serve as president, the individual must be a natural-born citizen of the United States, be at least 35 years of age, and have been a United States resident for at least 14 years.[8] The Twenty-second Amendment forbids any person from being elected president more than twice.[9][10] Trump is ineligible to seek a third term.[11]

Electoral map

Main article: Red states and blue states
This map shows how partisan states are by the Cook Partisan Voting Index. Swing states are the states in lighter colors.

Most U.S. states are not highly competitive in presidential elections, often voting consistently for the same party due to longstanding demographic differences. In the Electoral College, this results in major-party candidates primarily focusing their campaigns on swing states, which can swing between parties from election to election. These states are critical for a presidential candidate's path to victory. For 2028, the expected swing states likely include the Rust Belt states of Pennsylvania, Wisconsin, and Michigan, as well as the Sun Belt states of Arizona, Georgia, Nevada, and North Carolina,[citation needed] all of which were narrowly won by Trump in 2024.[12][13][14] The Minnesota Star Tribune also reported that the close margin in Minnesota would make it specifically a very likely swing state.[15]

Red states, also known as the red wall or red sea, are states that consistently vote Republican at the national level. The red wall has rarely been broken, as these states almost never swing. The last significant breach of the red wall occurred in the 1992 United States presidential election. States formerly considered swing states, such as Florida, Iowa, and Ohio, voted for Trump in all three of his elections, with increasing margins in each election (and have become reliably red in other state and federal elections) which suggests that they are no longer swing states.[16][17][18] Blue states are states that consistently vote Democratic at the national level. The blue states in 2024 include what is sometimes called the blue wall,[19] as well as Colorado, New Hampshire, New Mexico, and Virginia, former swing states that have become reliably blue since 2008 even in Republican national victories.[20] Due to its recent record of voting Democratic even during Republican national wins, Nebraska's 2nd congressional district is also sometimes considered blue.[21]

Republican Party

Potential candidates

Potential Republican candidates[a]

Ron DeSantis

Ron DeSantis has served as the governor of Florida since 2019 and previously ran for the Republican nomination in 2024. DeSantis has demonstrated a potential for being a candidate in the 2028 presidential primaries, stating that Trump voters in Iowa told him that they would vote for him in 2028.[22] He appeared in a debate with California governor Gavin Newsom moderated by Fox News' Sean Hannity in November 2023, in what was viewed by NBC News as a precursor to a 2028 presidential bid.[23]

Brian Kemp

Brian Kemp has served as the governor of Georgia since 2019. Kemp opposed President Trump's claims of voter fraud in the 2020 election, but was ultimately endorsed by Trump in Kemp's successful 2022 re-election campaign.[24] Kemp has been floated as a potential candidate for federal office after being term-limited as governor, either for U.S. Senate in 2026 or for president in 2028.[25][26]

JD Vance

JD Vance has served as a senator of Ohio since 2023 and is the vice president-elect after winning the 2024 election as Trump's running mate. Vance is the frontrunner in the primary election, according to The New York Times's Nate Cohn,[27] and the "MAGA heir-apparent" according to USA Today,[28] as well as The Columbus Dispatch.[29] The Hill stated that Vance's debate performance against Minnesota governor Tim Walz in October 2024 improved his status as a presidential contender.[30]

Glenn Youngkin

Glenn Youngkin has served as the governor of Virginia since 2022, and is barred by the state's constitution from seeking a second consecutive term. Youngkin has been reported as a possible candidate by Politico.[31] According to The Washington Post, he is "appearing to lay the groundwork" for a 2028 presidential bid.[32]

Democratic Party

Potential candidates

Potential Democratic candidates[a]

Andy Beshear

Andy Beshear has served as the governor of Kentucky since 2019. He was previously on the shortlist to be the vice presidential nominee for the 2024 election,[33] and was seen as a potential replacement for president Joe Biden before he withdrew from the race.[34] According to The Washington Post, Beshear formed a political action committee in January 2024 to increase his national profile.[35] In October 2024, Beshear headlined an event for the New Hampshire Democrats, a key early primary state, where he promoted both himself and Vice President Kamala Harris to attendees, signaling his future aspirations.[36] In response to ongoing speculation about his political ambitions, Beshear has stated in an interview with WDKY-TV that he will "see what the future holds", without explicitly ruling out a potential presidential run.[37]

Roy Cooper

Roy Cooper has served as the governor of North Carolina since 2017. He was considered a potential contender to be the vice presidential nominee for the 2024 election but removed himself from consideration.[38] The New York Times mentioned that Cooper could mount a credible campaign for the Democratic party’s 2028 nomination.[39] Politico has also referred to Cooper as a potential contender for the 2028 Democratic Party's presidential nomination.[40]

Kamala Harris

Kamala Harris has served as the vice president of the United States since 2021. She became the nominee for president in the 2024 presidential election after Biden withdrew his bid, losing to Donald Trump.[41] Harris, who has the largest donor network in the Democratic Party, may run for the presidency again in 2028 according to The New York Times,[41] as well as Politico,[42] although her loss in the previous election could potentially give her a disadvantage.[41] According to USA Today, Harris intended to run in 2028 before Biden's withdrawal.[43] In November 2024, Politico reported that Harris is considering running for president in 2028 or for governor of California in 2026.[44]

Wes Moore

Wes Moore has served as the governor of Maryland since 2023. Moore has been mentioned by Politico after Trump's victory as one of the Democrats positioning themself for a potential presidential run in 2028.[42] It was also reported by The Baltimore Sun that if Moore is a force campaigning for Democrats in the upcoming midterm cycle, he could position himself as a national voice that would be in talks for the presidency in 2028.[45]

Gavin Newsom

Gavin Newsom has served as the governor of California since 2019. Newsom has been viewed as a contender for the 2028 presidential election by The New York Times,[46] Politico,[42] and The Washington Post after he garnered national attention by December 2023,[47] and he was seen as a potential replacement for Biden after his withdrawal from the 2024 election by The New York Times.[48] According to The New York Times, Newsom was considering a bid for the presidency by September 2023.[49] In November 2023, he appeared in a debate with Florida governor Ron DeSantis moderated by Fox News' Sean Hannity, in an event that was viewed as a precursor to a presidential bid by NBC News.[23] According to Axios, Newsom and JB Pritzker donated to Charleston, South Carolina, mayoral candidate Clay Middleton, signaling a presidential ambition.[50]

Dean Phillips

Dean Phillips has served as the representative of Minnesota's 3rd congressional district since 2019. Phillips ran a campaign against Biden in the 2024 Democratic presidential primaries.[51] Phillips received the second-highest number of delegates of any candidate in the primaries, but was unsuccessful.[52] In an interview with CBS Minnesota, Phillips was asked about his future political aspirations. He ruled out a bid for the U.S. senate or the governor's office in 2026 but said, "never say never" regarding another presidential campaign in 2028.[53] The HuffPost reported that after the election, Phillips said of his White House bid, “I would do it a thousand times again.”[54] In an interview with the Nation, Phillips was asked what's next for him and his relationship with the Democratic Party, to which he responded, "I’ve been a Democrat my entire life and still aspire to play a role in making us more competitive and effective."[55] The Minnesota Star Tribune reported that Phillips is not sure what he’ll do after departing Washington in January but did not rule out another presidential bid when telling constituents at the Ridgedale Library in Minnetonka that although he has no plans to aim for either Minnesota’s governorship or the U.S. Senate, he does not intend to go away.[56]

JB Pritzker

JB Pritzker has served as the governor of Illinois since 2019. Pritzker is a potential Democratic contender, according to Chicago Sun-Times.[57] With Newsom, he donated to Middleton.[50] In 2023, Pritzker declined to speak directly with representative Dean Phillips regarding his effort to try to convince him to enter the Democratic Party presidential primary race to oppose Biden.[58][59]

Josh Shapiro

Josh Shapiro has served as the governor of Pennsylvania since 2023. Shapiro has been seen as a critical figure in Pennsylvania by Democratic strategists and officials, according to Politico,[42] and as a politician who could garner votes from white working-class voters, according to CNN.[60] He was said to be a front-runner in the primary by The Philadelphia Inquirer.[61] According to The New York Times, Shapiro was seen as a potential replacement for Biden.[48]

Gretchen Whitmer

Gretchen Whitmer has served as the governor of Michigan since 2019. Whitmer has been discussed as a contender in 2028, although she distanced herself from speculation in an interview with Lulu Garcia-Navarro of The New York Times Magazine in June 2024.[62] In 2023, Whitmer declined to speak directly with representative Dean Phillips regarding his effort to try to convince her to enter the Democratic Party presidential primary race to oppose Biden.[58][59] She disavowed a movement to replace Biden.[63]

Declined to be candidates

The following individuals stated that they would not run for president:

Independents

Declined to be candidates

The following individuals stated that they would not run for president:

Timeline

Main article: Timeline of the 2028 United States presidential election

Opinion polling

Republican primary

Poll source Date(s) administered Sample size[b] Tucker
Carlson 		Ted
Cruz[c] 		Ron
DeSantis 		Nikki
Haley 		Robert F.
Kennedy Jr. 		Vivek
Ramaswamy 		Marco
Rubio 		Donald
Trump Jr. 		JD
Vance 		Other Undecided
McLaughlin & Associates December 11–16, 2024 463 (LV) — — 9% 4% – 4% 2% 21% 35% 9%[d] 24%
Morning Consult December 6–8, 2024 994 (RV) 1% — 9% 6% 5% 5% 1% 30% 30% 18%[e] —
Emerson College November 20–22, 2024 420 (RV) — 1% 5% 2% 2% 3% 1% — 30% 9%[f][g] 51%[h]
Echelon Insights November 14–18, 2024 483 (LV) — 5% 8% 9% — 9% 5% — 37% 9%[i] 18%
November 5, 2024 2024 United States presidential election held.
Echelon Insights July 19–21, 2024 982 (RV) — 4% 14% 9% — 10% 2% — 19% 16%[j] 21%
Echelon Insights January 16–18, 2024 832 (RV) 6% — 27% 19% — 18% — — 1% 12%[k] 17%

Democratic primary

Poll source Date(s) administered Sample size[b] Pete
Buttigieg 		Kamala
Harris 		Gavin
Newsom 		Josh
Shapiro 		Tim
Walz 		Other Undecided
McLaughlin & Associates December 11–16, 2024 428 (LV) 12% 35% 7% 5% 5% 18%[l] 19%
Emerson College November 20–22, 2024 400 (RV) 4% 37% 7% 3% 1% 17%[m] 35%
Echelon Insights November 14–18, 2024 457 (LV) 6% 41% 8% 7% 6% 16%[n] 16%
Morning Consult November 15–17, 2024 1,012 (V) 9% 43% 8% 5% 7% 27%[o] —
November 5, 2024 2024 United States presidential election held.
Morning Consult/Politico May 28–29, 2024 3,997 (RV) 10% 21% 10% 3% — 12%[p] 41%
Echelon Insights January 16–18, 2024 499 (RV) 13% 33% 11% 2% — 12%[q] 29%

Notes

  1. ^ a b Individuals listed below have been mentioned as potential 2028 presidential candidates in at least two reliable media sources in the last six months.
  2. ^ a b Key:
    A – all adults
    RV – registered voters
    LV – likely voters
    V – unclear
  3. ^ Questions have been raised as to whether Cruz meets the constitutional qualification that the President must be a natural born citizen, as Cruz was born in Canada
  4. ^ Tim Scott with 3%; Tulsi Gabbard, Sarah Huckabee Sanders & Glenn Youngkin with 2%; Greg Abbott, Tom Cotton, Kristi Noem & Rick Scott with 1%; Larry Hogan & Elise Stefanik with <1%
  5. ^ Greg Abbott, Brian Kemp, Sarah Huckabee Sanders, and Glenn Youngkin with 1%; Someone else with 5%; Would not vote with 4%
  6. ^ Tulsi Gabbard and Candace Owens with 1%; Elon Musk, and Glenn Youngkin with <1%; Someone else with 5%
  7. ^ Musk is not eligible to serve as president as he is not a natural-born citizen
  8. ^ Including 23% who said Donald Trump, who is not eligible under the terms of the 22nd Amendment
  9. ^ Sarah Huckabee Sanders with 2%; Josh Hawley, Tim Scott, Glenn Youngkin, and Kristi Noem with 1%; Katie Britt, Doug Burgum, and Elise Stefanik with 0%; Someone else with 3%
  10. ^ Sarah Huckabee Sanders with 3%; Josh Hawley, and Tim Scott with 2%; Katie Britt, Byron Donalds, and Glenn Youngkin with 1%
  11. ^ Greg Abbott with 3%; Kari Lake and Glenn Youngkin with 2%; Tom Cotton, Byron Donalds, Josh Hawley, Brian Kemp, and Elise Stefanik with 1%; Katie Britt with 0%
  12. ^ Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez, JB Pritzker, Gretchen Whitmer & Beto O'Rourke with 3%; Cory Booker with 2%; Amy Klobuchar, Wes Moore, Phil Murphy & Deval Patrick with 1%; Jared Polis with <1%
  13. ^ Gretchen Whitmer with 3%; Michelle Obama and Bernie Sanders with 2%; Hakeem Jeffries, Wes Moore, Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez, JB Pritzker, Jon Stewart, and Rashida Tlaib with 1%; Andy Beshear and Mark Kelly with <1%; Someone else with 4%
  14. ^ Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez with 4%; Gretchen Whitmer with 3%; J.B. Pritzker, Andy Beshear, and Cory Booker with 2%; Jared Polis and Wes Moore with 1%; Someone else with 1%
  15. ^ Alexandria-Ocasio Cortez with 4%; Gretchen Whitmer with 3%; Cory Booker, Amy Klobuchar, Elizabeth Warren, and Andy Beshear with 2%; Wes Moore, JB Pritzker, and John Fetterman with 1%; "Someone else" with 3%; "Would not vote" with 6%
  16. ^ Mark Kelly and Gretchen Whitmer with 4%; "Someone else" with 7%
  17. ^ J. B. Pritzker and Gretchen Whitmer with 3%; John Fetterman, and Raphael Warnock with 2%; Andy Beshear and Wes Moore with 1%

References

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  3. ^ Sotomayor, Marianna; Vazquez, Maegan (November 12, 2024). "Republicans inch toward 'trifecta' control of House, Senate, White House". The Washington Post. Retrieved November 14, 2024.
  4. ^ Hassan, Adeel (November 2, 2024). "What to Know About the Electoral College". The New York Times. Retrieved November 11, 2024.
  5. ^ Putnam, Josh (May 12, 2015). "Everything you need to know about how the presidential primary works". The Washington Post. Retrieved November 11, 2024.
  6. ^ Cramer, Maria (February 27, 2020). "A Brokered Convention? Here's What's Happened Before". The New York Times. Retrieved November 11, 2024.
  7. ^ Bink, Addy (July 21, 2024). "After Biden drops out of 2024 race, does Kamala Harris become the Democratic nominee? Not exactly". The Hill. Retrieved November 11, 2024.
  8. ^ "The 2nd Article of the U.S. Constitution". National Constitution Center. Retrieved November 8, 2024.
  9. ^ "The 22nd Amendment of the U.S. Constitution". National Constitution Center. Retrieved November 8, 2024.
  10. ^ Zhou, Li (November 8, 2024). "Can Trump run again in 2028? Here's what you need to know". Vox. Retrieved November 13, 2024.
  11. ^ Vigdor, Neil (November 18, 2024). "No, Trump Cannot Run for Re-election Again in 2028". The New York Times. Retrieved November 18, 2024.
  12. ^ Mallinson, Daniel J. (November 7, 2024). "How Trump won Pennsylvania − and what the numbers from key counties show about the future of a pivotal swing state". The Conversation. Retrieved November 13, 2024.
  13. ^ Wolf, Zachary B. (November 9, 2024). "Analysis: Trump's win was real but not a landslide. Here's where it ranks". CNN. Retrieved November 13, 2024.
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  15. ^ Ramstad, Evan (November 13, 2024). "Ramstad: Minnesota will be a swing state in the 2028 election". Minnesota Star Tribune.
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  19. ^ "The Latest: Harris keeps a focus on 'blue wall' states in the campaign's final weeks". Associated Press. October 17, 2024.
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  21. ^ Weisman, Jonathan; Epstein, Reid (September 20, 2024). "How One Man's Vote in Nebraska Could Change the Presidential Election". The New York Times. Archived from the original on September 23, 2024.
  22. ^ Nehamas, Nicholas (January 19, 2024). "Ron DeSantis Is Quietly Starting to Build His Off-Ramp From 2024". The New York Times. Retrieved March 8, 2024.
  23. ^ a b Allen, Jonathan (November 30, 2023). "Gavin Newsom and Ron DeSantis battle for the presidency — in one election or the next". NBC News. Retrieved November 11, 2024.
  24. ^ Kilgore, Ed (May 28, 2024). "Brian Kemp Is the Most Successful Anti-Trump Republican". New York. Retrieved November 27, 2024.
  25. ^ Allison, Natalie (May 28, 2024). "Brian Kemp will attend GOP convention as he builds up political operation". Politico. Retrieved May 28, 2024.
  26. ^ Gringlas, Sam (October 29, 2024). "In a razor-thin race, Trump's complicated ties with Georgia's governor could matter". NPR. Retrieved November 27, 2024.
  27. ^ Cohn, Nate (July 16, 2024). "How Will Vance Affect the Race? Look at 2028, Not 2024". The New York Times. Retrieved November 11, 2024.
  28. ^ Pfannenstiel, Brianne (July 17, 2024). "JD Vance is now the MAGA heir-apparent. Does that make him the front-runner for 2028?". USA Today. Retrieved November 11, 2024.
  29. ^ BeMiller, Haley (October 4, 2024). "After VP debate, JD Vance cements status as MAGA heir apparent in 2028". The Columbus Dispatch. Retrieved November 11, 2024.
  30. ^ Weaver, Al (October 3, 2024). "Debate performance gives Vance 2028 White House boost". The Hill. Retrieved November 11, 2024.
  31. ^ Martin, Jonathan (June 12, 2024). "What Happened to Glenn Youngkin?". Politico. Retrieved November 12, 2024.
  32. ^ Vozzella, Laura (July 16, 2024). "After last-minute VP frenzy, Youngkin seems to lay groundwork for 2028". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on July 17, 2024. Retrieved November 12, 2024.
  33. ^ Greve, Joan E. (August 4, 2024). "Who is Andy Beshear, the Kentucky governor who could be Harris's vice-presidential pick?". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved November 17, 2024.
  34. ^ McHugh, Calder (July 21, 2024). "How Biden's potential replacements could help — and hurt — Democrats' chances". Politico. Retrieved November 17, 2024.
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