John Togo: Difference between revisions
HatesARage (talk | contribs) No edit summary |
FuzzyMagma (talk | contribs) mNo edit summary |
||
| (11 intermediate revisions by 5 users not shown) | |||
| Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
{{Short description|Nigerian militant (1970-2011)}} |
|||
{{AfC submission|t||ts=20250106172954|u=HatesARage|ns=118|demo=}} |
|||
<!-- Important, do not remove this line before article has been created. --> |
|||
| ⚫ | '''John Togo''', also known as ''John Ipoko'', was a |
||
| ⚫ | '''John Togo''' (1970s - May 2011), also known as '''John Ipoko''', was a militant leader and the founder of the [[Niger Delta Liberation Front]] (NDLF). Born circa 1970 in the [[Niger Delta]] region of [[Nigeria]], Togo became known for his leadership in the fight against the Nigerian government and multinational oil corporations allegedly exploiting the resources of the region. He led a movement that aimed to secure greater control and autonomy for the Niger Delta people. |
||
==== Early Life and Rise to Leadership ==== |
|||
| ⚫ | John Togo was born and raised in the oil-rich yet impoverished Niger Delta region, where oil exploration has led to both environmental degradation and economic disparities. Togo's early experiences with the exploitation of the region by the Nigerian government and oil companies fueled his decision to take up arms in defense of his people.<ref>https://saharareporters.com/2010/12/28/audio-general-john-togo-new-face-niger-delta-insurgency-speaks-saharareporters</ref> In the mid-2000s, Togo formed the Niger Delta Liberation Force (NDLF), a militant group advocating for self-determination and an independent Niger Delta. |
||
== Early life and rise to leadership == |
|||
| ⚫ | John Togo was born and raised in the oil-rich yet impoverished [[Niger Delta]] region, where oil exploration has led to both environmental degradation and economic disparities.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/news/2018/03/niger-delta-oil-spills-decoders/|title=Niger Delta Negligence|date=March 16, 2018|website=Amnesty International}}</ref> Togo's early experiences with the exploitation of the region by the Nigerian government and oil companies fueled his decision to take up arms in defense of his people.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://saharareporters.com/2010/12/28/audio-general-john-togo-new-face-niger-delta-insurgency-speaks-saharareporters|title=AUDIO: "General" John Togo, The New Face Of The Niger Delta Insurgency, Speaks To SaharaReporters | Sahara Reporters|website=saharareporters.com}}</ref> In the mid-2000s, Togo formed the Niger Delta Liberation Force (NDLF), a militant group advocating for self-determination and an independent Niger Delta.{{Citation needed|date=January 2025}} |
||
| ⚫ | Under |
||
== Military activities and confrontations == |
|||
| ⚫ | |||
| ⚫ | Under Togo's command, the NDLF engaged in multiple armed confrontations with oil corporations, including [[Shell plc|Shell]], [[Chevron Corporation|Chevron]], and [[ExxonMobil]], backed by the [[Nigerian Armed Forces|Nigerian military]]. The group carried out sabotage operations targeting oil infrastructure, kidnapping foreign oil workers, and launching attacks against Nigerian military installations.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2010/12/militants-bomb-three-agip-chevron-oil-facilities/|title=Militants bomb three Agip, Chevron oil facilities|date=December 18, 2010}}</ref> Togo and the NDLF's activities were part of the larger insurgency in the Niger Delta, which saw numerous armed groups resisting corporate and state exploitation and fighting against the economic inequality and environmental damage caused by the oil industry.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.irb-cisr.gc.ca/en/country-information/rir/Pages/index.aspx?doc=457445&|title=Responses to Information Requests|first=Immigration and Refugee Board of|last=Canada|date=June 5, 2018|website=www.irb-cisr.gc.ca}}</ref> |
||
| ⚫ | John |
||
| ⚫ | |||
| ⚫ | John Togo's militant activities made him a key target for the Nigerian government. In May 2011, the Joint Task Force launched an operation against insurgent groups in the Niger Delta, where Togo was reportedly killed in an airstrike. The operation, however, also led to significant civilian casualties, as rights groups described the attack as indiscriminate, with many innocent civilians killed and homes destroyed in the process.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.cbsnews.com/news/rights-group-nigerian-military-raid-kills-150/|title=Rights Group: Nigerian Military Raid Kills 150 - CBS News|date=December 3, 2010|website=www.cbsnews.com}}</ref> Some sources suggest Togo's location was betrayed by local informants.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2011/05/how-jtf-bombed-john-togo-to-death/? | title=How JTF bombed John Togo to death | date=21 May 2011 }}</ref> |
||
== References == |
== References == |
||
<!-- Inline citations added to your article will automatically display here. See en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WP:REFB for instructions on how to add citations. --> |
|||
{{reflist}} |
{{reflist}} |
||
{{Authority control}} |
|||
[[Category:1970s births]] |
|||
[[Category:2011 deaths]] |
|||
[[Category:People shot dead by law enforcement officers in Nigeria]] |
|||
{{DEFAULTSORT:Togo, John}} |
|||
[[Category:1970 births]] |
|||
[[Category:2011 deaths]] |
|||
Latest revision as of 22:24, 7 January 2025
John Togo (1970s - May 2011), also known as John Ipoko, was a militant leader and the founder of the Niger Delta Liberation Front (NDLF). Born circa 1970 in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria, Togo became known for his leadership in the fight against the Nigerian government and multinational oil corporations allegedly exploiting the resources of the region. He led a movement that aimed to secure greater control and autonomy for the Niger Delta people.
Early life and rise to leadership
[edit]John Togo was born and raised in the oil-rich yet impoverished Niger Delta region, where oil exploration has led to both environmental degradation and economic disparities.[1] Togo's early experiences with the exploitation of the region by the Nigerian government and oil companies fueled his decision to take up arms in defense of his people.[2] In the mid-2000s, Togo formed the Niger Delta Liberation Force (NDLF), a militant group advocating for self-determination and an independent Niger Delta.[citation needed]
Military activities and confrontations
[edit]Under Togo's command, the NDLF engaged in multiple armed confrontations with oil corporations, including Shell, Chevron, and ExxonMobil, backed by the Nigerian military. The group carried out sabotage operations targeting oil infrastructure, kidnapping foreign oil workers, and launching attacks against Nigerian military installations.[3] Togo and the NDLF's activities were part of the larger insurgency in the Niger Delta, which saw numerous armed groups resisting corporate and state exploitation and fighting against the economic inequality and environmental damage caused by the oil industry.[4]
Death
[edit]John Togo's militant activities made him a key target for the Nigerian government. In May 2011, the Joint Task Force launched an operation against insurgent groups in the Niger Delta, where Togo was reportedly killed in an airstrike. The operation, however, also led to significant civilian casualties, as rights groups described the attack as indiscriminate, with many innocent civilians killed and homes destroyed in the process.[5] Some sources suggest Togo's location was betrayed by local informants.[6]
References
[edit]- ^ "Niger Delta Negligence". Amnesty International. March 16, 2018.
- ^ "AUDIO: "General" John Togo, The New Face Of The Niger Delta Insurgency, Speaks To SaharaReporters | Sahara Reporters". saharareporters.com.
- ^ "Militants bomb three Agip, Chevron oil facilities". December 18, 2010.
- ^ Canada, Immigration and Refugee Board of (June 5, 2018). "Responses to Information Requests". www.irb-cisr.gc.ca.
- ^ "Rights Group: Nigerian Military Raid Kills 150 - CBS News". www.cbsnews.com. December 3, 2010.
- ^ "How JTF bombed John Togo to death". 21 May 2011.