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{{Short description|Research and development institute of the Norwegian Armed Forces}}
[[Image:Ffi-norway.png|thumb|right]]
{{Infobox university
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The '''Norwegian Defence Research Establishment (NDRE)''', known in [[Norway]] as '''Forsvarets forskningsinstitutt (FFI)''' conducts research and development on behalf of the [[Military of Norway|Norwegian Armed Forces]] and provides expert advice to political and military defence leaders. In particular, its task is to keep track of advances in the fields of science and [[military technology]] which might affect the assumptions on which Norwegian security policy and/or defence planning is based.
| name = Norwegian Defence Research Establishment
| native_name = Forsvarets forskningsinstitutt
| native_name_lang = no
| image_name = FFI logo eng.png
| caption =
| image_size = 250px
| motto = FFI turns knowledge and ideas into an effective defence
| established = {{start date and age|1946|4|11}}
| type = Research Establishment
| head_label = Director General
| head = Kenneth Ruud
| parent = Norwegian Ministry of Defence
| city = Kjeller
| country = [[Norway]]
| logo = Coat of arms of the Norwegian Defence Research Establishment.svg
| logo_size = 90
| website = [http://www.ffi.no/ www.ffi.no]
}}
[[File:FFI Kjeller Norway.jpg|thumb|260 px|FFI in Kjeller, Norway]]
⚫
The '''Norwegian Defence Research Establishment''' (''Forsvarets forskningsinstitutt'' – ''FFI'') is a [[research institute]] that conducts research and development on behalf of the [[Military of Norway|Norwegian Armed Forces]] and provides expert advice to political and military defence leaders. In particular, its task is to keep track of advances in the fields of science and [[military technology]] which might affect the assumptions on which Norwegian security policy and/or defence planning is based.


== History ==
⚫
The institute was established in [[1946]], with its roots in British [[World War II|WWII]] research, where many Norwegian scientists/technologists took part (their own country occupied by the Germans 1940–1945). NDRE/FFI has 550 employees, of which approximately 360 are scientists and engineers. The main location of the institute is at [[Kjeller]] near [[Lillestrøm]], 20 [[kilometer|km]] east of the country's capital [[Oslo]]. The Kjeller area is a focus of research activity in south eastern Norway, with a total of some 2,400 people working at a variety of research establishments, colleges and university departments.
The institute was established in 1946. Its roots lie in Norwegian participation in British scientific research during the Second World War (see [[Allied technological cooperation during World War II]]). Many Norwegian scientists and technologists took part during the period when Germany occupied Norway between 1940 and 1945.


⚫
FFI has 714 employees, of which approximately 360 are scientists and engineers. The main location of the institute is at [[Kjeller]] near [[Lillestrøm]], 20 km east of the country's capital [[Oslo]]. The Kjeller area is a hub of research activity in south eastern Norway, with a total of some 2,400 people working at a variety of research establishments, colleges and university departments.
⚫
Part of the institute's Division of Protection and Materials is situated in the coastal city of [[Horten]], southwest of Oslo on the western side of the [[Oslofjord]]. Horten is known as the country's [[Micro Electro-Mechanical Systems|MEMS]] capital, and is also a center of electronics and naval research and industry.


⚫
Part of the institute's Maritime Systems Division is situated in the coastal city of [[Horten]], southwest of Oslo on the western side of the [[Oslofjord]]. Horten is known as the country's [[Micro Electro-Mechanical Systems|MEMS]] capital, and is also a centre of electronics and naval research and industry.
⚫
In way of concrete technology products, NDRE/FFI is known for, among other things:

⚫
*The development of a range of computers in the early [[1960s]] which eventually led to the creation of [[Norsk Data]] as well as [[Kongsberg Gruppen|Kongsberg Våpenfabrikk (KV)]]'s Computer Division:
⚫
In way of concrete technology products, FFI is known for, among other things:
**LYDIA ([[1962]])
⚫
*The development of a range of computers in the early 1960s which eventually led to the creation of [[Norsk Data]] as well as [[Kongsberg Gruppen|Kongsberg Våpenfabrikk (KV)]]'s Computer Division: LYDIA (1962); SAM; SAM2.
**SAM
*Beginning in 1973, NDRE was an early researcher of [[TCP/IP]] in Europe, based on a connection to [[SATNET]] through [[NORSAR]], along with [[Peter T. Kirstein|Peter Kirstein's]] group at [[University College London]] and [[RSRE]] in Britain.<ref>{{Cite news|date=2003-11-19|title=30 years of the international internet|language=en-GB|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/technology/3280897.stm|access-date=2020-07-08}}</ref>
**SAM2
*The development, with [[Kongsberg Defence & Aerospace|KV's Division of Guided Weapons]], of the [[Penguin missile|Penguin]] anti-ship missile
*The development, with [[Kongsberg Defence & Aerospace|KV's Division of Guided Weapons]], of the [[Penguin missile|Penguin]] anti-ship missile
*The development of the [[RIMFAX|Radar Imager for Mars' Subsurface Experiment]] (RIMFAX), an instrument aboard the [[Mars 2020]] [[Perseverance (rover)|Perseverance]] rover that is a ground-penetrating radar designed to provide centimeter-scale resolution of the geologic structure of the planet subsurface.<ref>{{Cite press release |title=NASA Announces Mars 2020 Rover Payload to Explore the Red Planet as Never Before |date=2014-07-31 |publisher=[[NASA]] |location=[[NASA Headquarters|Headquarters, Washington]] |url=https://www.nasa.gov/press/2014/july/nasa-announces-mars-2020-rover-payload-to-explore-the-red-planet-as-never-before |quote=The Radar Imager for Mars' Subsurface Experiment (RIMFAX), a ground-penetrating radar that will provide centimeter-scale resolution of the geologic structure of the subsurface. The principal investigator is Svein-Erik Hamran, the Norwegian Defence Research Establishment (FFI), Norway. |last1=Brown |first1=Dwayne |access-date=2020-04-08 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210219071458/https://www.nasa.gov/press/2014/july/nasa-announces-mars-2020-rover-payload-to-explore-the-red-planet-as-never-before/ |archive-date=2021-02-19}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=RIMFAX |url=https://mars.nasa.gov/mars2020/spacecraft/instruments/rimfax/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210306145100/https://mars.nasa.gov/mars2020/spacecraft/instruments/rimfax/ |archive-date=2021-03-06 |access-date=2021-04-08 |website=[[NASA]] |quote=The Radar Imager for Mars' Subsurface Experiment, known as RIMFAX, uses radar waves to probe the ground under the rover.}}</ref>

==Researchers==
*[[Brynjar Lia]]
*[[Torleiv Maseng]]
*[[Thomas Hegghammer]]
*[[Svein-Erik Hamran]]

==Former researchers==
*[[Fredrik Møller]]
*[[John Kristen Skogan]]
*[[Pål Spilling]]
*[[Ernst Sejersted Selmer]]

==See also==
*[[Norwegian Institute of International Affairs]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}


==External links==
==External links==
*{{Official website|http://www.ffi.no/ }} {{in lang|no}}
*[http://www.mil.no/felles/ffi/ Forsvarets forskningsinstitutt] &ndash; Norwegian homepage
*{{Official website|http://www.ffi.no/en/ }} {{in lang|en}}
*[http://www.mil.no/felles/ffi/start/English/ Norwegian Defence Research Establishment] &ndash; English homepage


{{Norwegian Armed Forces}}
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[[Category:Military of Norway]]
{{authority control}}


[[Category:Norwegian Defence Research Establishment| ]]
[[no:Forsvarets forskingsinstitutt]]
[[Category:Defence agencies of Norway|Defence Research Establishment]]
[[Category:Research institutes in Norway|Defence Research Establishment]]
[[Category:Organisations based in Lillestrøm]]
[[Category:Government agencies established in 1946]]
[[Category:1946 establishments in Norway]]
⚫
[[Category:Military research of Norway]]

Latest revision as of 13:49, 3 January 2025

Norwegian Defence Research Establishment
Forsvarets forskningsinstitutt
MottoFFI turns knowledge and ideas into an effective defence
TypeResearch Establishment
EstablishedApril 11, 1946; 78 years ago (1946-04-11)
Parent institution
Norwegian Ministry of Defence
Director GeneralKenneth Ruud
Location
Kjeller
,
Norway
Websitewww.ffi.no
FFI in Kjeller, Norway

The Norwegian Defence Research Establishment (Forsvarets forskningsinstitutt – FFI) is a research institute that conducts research and development on behalf of the Norwegian Armed Forces and provides expert advice to political and military defence leaders. In particular, its task is to keep track of advances in the fields of science and military technology which might affect the assumptions on which Norwegian security policy and/or defence planning is based.

History

[edit]

The institute was established in 1946. Its roots lie in Norwegian participation in British scientific research during the Second World War (see Allied technological cooperation during World War II). Many Norwegian scientists and technologists took part during the period when Germany occupied Norway between 1940 and 1945.

FFI has 714 employees, of which approximately 360 are scientists and engineers. The main location of the institute is at Kjeller near Lillestrøm, 20 km east of the country's capital Oslo. The Kjeller area is a hub of research activity in south eastern Norway, with a total of some 2,400 people working at a variety of research establishments, colleges and university departments.

Part of the institute's Maritime Systems Division is situated in the coastal city of Horten, southwest of Oslo on the western side of the Oslofjord. Horten is known as the country's MEMS capital, and is also a centre of electronics and naval research and industry.

In way of concrete technology products, FFI is known for, among other things:

Researchers

[edit]

Former researchers

[edit]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "30 years of the international internet". 2003-11-19. Retrieved 2020-07-08.
  2. ^ Brown, Dwayne (2014-07-31). "NASA Announces Mars 2020 Rover Payload to Explore the Red Planet as Never Before" (Press release). Headquarters, Washington: NASA. Archived from the original on 2021-02-19. Retrieved 2020-04-08. The Radar Imager for Mars' Subsurface Experiment (RIMFAX), a ground-penetrating radar that will provide centimeter-scale resolution of the geologic structure of the subsurface. The principal investigator is Svein-Erik Hamran, the Norwegian Defence Research Establishment (FFI), Norway.
  3. ^ "RIMFAX". NASA. Archived from the original on 2021-03-06. Retrieved 2021-04-08. The Radar Imager for Mars' Subsurface Experiment, known as RIMFAX, uses radar waves to probe the ground under the rover.
[edit]
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