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Coordinates: 11°56′S 77°4′W / 11.933°S 77.067°W / -11.933; -77.067
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{{Short description|District in Lima, Peru}}
{{Expand|article|date=May 2007}}
{{Infobox District Peru
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Comas
<!-- Basic info-->
|district = Comas
| native_name =
| native_name_lang = es<!-- ISO 639-2 code e.g. "es" for Spanish -->
<!-- images-->
|map = [[Image:Map of Lima highlighting Comas.PNG]]
| settlement_type = [[Districts of Peru|District]]
|image = Comas Lima.jpg
| image_skyline = Centro Cívico de Comas.jpg
|image_size =
| image_caption =
⚫
| shield_size =
|image_caption = Street in Comas, 1991.
|cofarms = <!--Coat of arms image-->
| nickname =
|flag =
| image_map = Map of Lima highlighting Comas.PNG
| mapsize = frameless
<!-- Location-->
|region =
| map_caption = Location of Comas in Lima
| coordinates = {{coord|11|56|S|77|4|W|region:PE_type:adm3rd|display=inline,title}}
⚫
|province = [[Lima Province]]
| coordinates_footnotes =
|founded = [[January 2]], [[1857]]
| subdivision_type = [[List of sovereign states|Country]]
<!-- General information -->
| subdivision_name = {{PER}}
|capital = La Libertad
| subdivision_type1 = [[Regions of Peru|Region]]
⚫
|elevation = 140
| subdivision_name1 = [[Lima Region|Lima]]
⚫
|hamlets =
| subdivision_type2 = [[Provinces of Peru|Province]]
⚫
|ubigeo = 150110
⚫
| subdivision_name2 = [[Lima Province|Lima]]
<!-- Area and population -->
|pop = 464,745 ([[Peru 2005 Census|2005 census]])
| parts_type = [[Subnational entity|Subdivisions]]
|density = 9,533.2
| parts_style = para
|area = 48.75
| p1 =
| established_title = Created
<!-- Politics -->
| established_date = December 12, 1961
|mayor = Miguel Ángel Saldaña Reátegui
| seat_type = [[Capital (political)|Capital]]
<!-- other -->
|web = www.municomas.gob.pe
| seat = La Libertad
| leader_party =
| leader_title = [[Mayor]]
| leader_name = {{ill|Ulises Villegas|es}}<br><small>(2023-2026) </small>
| unit_pref = Metric<!-- or US or UK -->
| area_footnotes =
| area_total_km2 = 48.75
| area_note = 47.47 km² (without disputed area)
| elevation_footnotes =
⚫
| elevation_m = 140
| population_footnotes = <ref name="Sin_nombre-rHCU-1">{{Cite web|url=https://www.minsa.gob.pe/reunis/data/poblacion_estimada.asp|title=Estadística Poblacional - Ministerio de Salud del Perú}}</ref>
| population_total = {{commas|598263}}
| population_as_of = 2023
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_note =
| timezone1 = [[Time in Peru|PET]]
| utc_offset1 = -5
| area_code_type = [[UBIGEO]]
⚫
| area_code = 150110
| website = [http://www.municomas.gob.pe municomas.gob.pe]
| footnotes =
}}
}}
'''Comas''' is a [[Districts of Peru|district]] within the [[Province of Lima]] Country, [[Peru]]. Located within the [[Cono Norte]] area, of the city of [[Lima]], it's one of the most populous districts in the country.


'''Comas''' is one of the forty-three districts that make up the [[Lima Province]] in [[Peru]], located in the department of the same name. It is located in the north area of the city. It is one of the most populous districts in Lima.
The current [[mayor]] of Comas is Miguel Ángel Saldaña Reátegui. The district's [[postal code]] is '''7'''.


==Geography==
==Geography==
The district has a total land [[area]] of 48.75 km². Its administrative center is located 140 meters above [[sea level]].
Comas has a total land [[area]] of 48.75&nbsp;km². Its administrative center is located 140 meters above [[sea level]].


===Boundaries===
===Boundaries===
* North: [[Carabayllo]]
* North: [[Carabayllo District|Carabayllo]]
* East: [[San Juan de Lurigancho]]
* East: [[San Juan de Lurigancho]]
* South: [[Independencia District|Independencia]]
* South: [[Independencia District, Lima|Independencia]]
* West: [[Puente Piedra District|Puente Piedra]] and [[Los Olivos]]
* West: [[Puente Piedra District|Puente Piedra]] and [[Los Olivos District|Los Olivos]]

== Borderline conflicts ==
In 1989 due to the territorial reduction of the [[San Martín de Porres District|San Martín de Porres district]] by the creation of the [[Los Olivos District|Los Olivos district]], the old industrial area of 1.28 square kilometers, which is delimited by San Bernardo, [[Pan-American Highway|Panamericana Norte]] and Gerardo Unger avenues, up to the next bank of the [[Chillón River]], and made up of Santa Luisa, Santa Rosa de Infantas, Pro Industrial IV and IX Sector III Stage urbanizations; the Municipal Human Settlement No. 02; and the housing associations José de San Martín, José Carlos Mariátegui and San Miguel, became a disputed territory between Comas and San Martin de Porres.
[[File:Zona_disputada_distrito_San_Martin_de_Porres_distrito_Comas.png|thumb|Disputed area of the Comas District and the [[San Martín de Porres District|San Martin de Porres District]].]]
The position of the district of Comas is that due to the creation of Los Olivos, the area in dispute would be annexed because it is outside the territorial continuity of San Martín de Porres. On the other hand, the district of San Martín de Porres maintains that the law creating Los Olivos does not detail any territorial transfer to Comas or Independencia, in addition to not having been an express request from the residents. It also highlights that the law creating Comas (Law No. 13757) marks its limits on the old Panamericana Norte avenue, nowadays Túpac Amaru/Gerardo Unger Avenue.
[[File:Conflicto entre serenazgo de San Martín de Porres y Comas (Lima) 2020.png|thumb|Conflict between night watchmen of San Martín de Porres and Comas.]]
The conflict also affects the municipal [[Tax|tax system]] since medium-sized and small businesses are taxed in both municipalities, however urbanizations are taxed in San Martín de Porres.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Yensen |first=Erika |title=Borderline conflict between Independencia, San Martin de Porres, Comas districts |url=https://tesis.pucp.edu.pe/repositorio/bitstream/handle/20.500.12404/9454/YENSEN_SALAZAR_DEMARCACION_Y_CONFLICTOS_TERRITORIALES.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y |language=es-pe}}</ref>


==Demographics==
==Demographics==
According to the [[Peru 2005 Census|2005 census]], by the [[Instituto Nacional de Estadística e Informática|INEI]], the district has 464,745 inhabitants, a population density of 9,533.2 persons/km² and 100,950 households.
According to [[Peru 2005 Census|2005 census]] conducted by the [[Instituto Nacional de Estadística e Informática|INEI]], Comas has 464,745 inhabitants, a population density of 9,533.2 persons/km² and 100,950 households.


==History==
==History==
[[File:A street in Comas (Lima).jpg|thumb|left|A street in Comas in 1993]]
During it's first years of existence, Comas was a ''[[pueblo joven]]''. Comas found its humble beginings, as a direct result of the many organized invasions, led by immigrants from the [[highland (geography)|highlands]] during the [[1970s]]. Most of these [[peasant]]s arrived from the regions of [[Junín Region|Junín]] and [[Huancavelica Region|Huacanvelica]] in the central ''[[sierra]]'' of Peru.
During its first years of existence, Comas was a ''[[pueblo joven]]'' (human settlement). Its humble beginnings were a direct result of the many organized migrations led by immigrants from the [[highland (geography)|highlands]] during the 1970s. Most of these [[peasant]]s arrived from the regions of [[Junín Region|Junín]] and [[Huancavelica Region|Huacanvelica]] in the central ''[[Geography of Peru#Andean Mountain Ranges|sierra]]'' of Peru.
[[File:Plano Lima Metropolitana 1977.jpg|thumb|238x238px|Comas district on the map of [[Lima metropolitan area|Metropolitan Lima]] in 1977]]


==Poverty==
==Poverty==
Comas used to be one of the poorest districts in Lima, until recently when it developed into a middle class residential district.
Comas is one of the poorest districts of Lima, although in recent years it has developed into a low-middle-class residential district. In 2019, the Mall Plaza Comas shopping centre was opened. The mall has major brand stores such as [[Adidas]], [[Nike, Inc.|Nike]], [[S.A.C.I. Falabella|Saga Falabella]], [[Puma (brand)|Puma]], and others.


==Transport and communications==
==Transport and communications==
There is 3 main roads serving the district, Avenida Túpac Amaru, Avenida Universitaria and the Chillón-Trapiche Highway.
There are 3 main roads serving the district: Túpac Amaru avenue, Universitaria avenue and the Chillón-Trapiche Highway.


==Today==
==Today==
Comas has grown at an extremely fast pace, in the last decade Comas has develop ecconomically, infastructurally, and socially. It's boasts a huge middle-class and it has grown immensely from being a ''pueblo joven'' that is not in a so distant past. Despite this facts, still patches of poverty displayed by ''pueblos jovenes'' overshadowed by urbanizational development, parks, and commerce.
In the last decade Comas' economy, infrastructure, and social structure has grown at a very fast pace. It boasts a large middle-class, and has grown from a ''pueblo joven'' (human senttlement) in a very short period of time. However, in spite of this visible progress; it's still exhibiting vast swathes of new ''pueblos jovenes'' growing around the area that is today's Comas.


⚫
The only [[civil aviation]] school in Peru was located in Comas, at the ''Aeroclub de Collique''.
==Other facts==

⚫
The only [[civil aviation]] school in Peru is located in Comas, in the ''Aeroclub de Collique''.
== See also ==
* [[Administrative divisions of Peru]]

==References==
{{reflist}}


==External links==
==External links==
* {{es icon}} [http://www.municomas.gob.pe Municipalidad Distrital de Comas] - Comas District Council official website
* {{in lang|es}} [http://www.municomas.gob.pe Municipalidad Distrital de Comas] - Comas District Council official website
* {{es icon}} [http://www.comasweb.com ComasWeb] - Comas District Portal
* {{in lang|es}} [https://web.archive.org/web/20190118231232/https://comasweb.com/ ComasWeb] - Comas District Portal


{{Districts of Lima and Callao}}
{{Districts of Lima and Callao}}
{{Authority control}}


[[Category:Districts of Lima]]
[[Category:Comas District| ]]

[[de:Comas]]
[[es:Distrito de Comas (Lima)]]
[[it:Distretto di Comas]]
[[pt:Comas (distrito)]]
[[qu:Comas distritu]]

Latest revision as of 08:16, 11 December 2024

Comas
District
Location of Comas in Lima
Location of Comas in Lima
Coordinates: 11°56′S 77°4′W / 11.933°S 77.067°W / -11.933; -77.067
Country Peru
RegionLima
ProvinceLima
CreatedDecember 12, 1961
CapitalLa Libertad
Government
 • MayorUlises Villegas [es]
(2023-2026)
Area
 • Total
48.75 km2 (18.82 sq mi)
 47.47 km² (without disputed area)
Elevation
140 m (460 ft)
Population
 (2023)[1]
 • Total
598,263
Time zoneUTC-5 (PET)
UBIGEO150110
Websitemunicomas.gob.pe

Comas is one of the forty-three districts that make up the Lima Province in Peru, located in the department of the same name. It is located in the north area of the city. It is one of the most populous districts in Lima.

Geography

[edit]

Comas has a total land area of 48.75 km². Its administrative center is located 140 meters above sea level.

Boundaries

[edit]

Borderline conflicts

[edit]

In 1989 due to the territorial reduction of the San Martín de Porres district by the creation of the Los Olivos district, the old industrial area of 1.28 square kilometers, which is delimited by San Bernardo, Panamericana Norte and Gerardo Unger avenues, up to the next bank of the Chillón River, and made up of Santa Luisa, Santa Rosa de Infantas, Pro Industrial IV and IX Sector III Stage urbanizations; the Municipal Human Settlement No. 02; and the housing associations José de San Martín, José Carlos Mariátegui and San Miguel, became a disputed territory between Comas and San Martin de Porres.

Disputed area of the Comas District and the San Martin de Porres District.

The position of the district of Comas is that due to the creation of Los Olivos, the area in dispute would be annexed because it is outside the territorial continuity of San Martín de Porres. On the other hand, the district of San Martín de Porres maintains that the law creating Los Olivos does not detail any territorial transfer to Comas or Independencia, in addition to not having been an express request from the residents. It also highlights that the law creating Comas (Law No. 13757) marks its limits on the old Panamericana Norte avenue, nowadays Túpac Amaru/Gerardo Unger Avenue.

Conflict between night watchmen of San Martín de Porres and Comas.

The conflict also affects the municipal tax system since medium-sized and small businesses are taxed in both municipalities, however urbanizations are taxed in San Martín de Porres.[2]

Demographics

[edit]

According to 2005 census conducted by the INEI, Comas has 464,745 inhabitants, a population density of 9,533.2 persons/km² and 100,950 households.

History

[edit]
A street in Comas in 1993

During its first years of existence, Comas was a pueblo joven (human settlement). Its humble beginnings were a direct result of the many organized migrations led by immigrants from the highlands during the 1970s. Most of these peasants arrived from the regions of Junín and Huacanvelica in the central sierra of Peru.

Comas district on the map of Metropolitan Lima in 1977

Poverty

[edit]

Comas is one of the poorest districts of Lima, although in recent years it has developed into a low-middle-class residential district. In 2019, the Mall Plaza Comas shopping centre was opened. The mall has major brand stores such as Adidas, Nike, Saga Falabella, Puma, and others.

Transport and communications

[edit]

There are 3 main roads serving the district: Túpac Amaru avenue, Universitaria avenue and the Chillón-Trapiche Highway.

Today

[edit]

In the last decade Comas' economy, infrastructure, and social structure has grown at a very fast pace. It boasts a large middle-class, and has grown from a pueblo joven (human senttlement) in a very short period of time. However, in spite of this visible progress; it's still exhibiting vast swathes of new pueblos jovenes growing around the area that is today's Comas.

The only civil aviation school in Peru was located in Comas, at the Aeroclub de Collique.

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "Estadística Poblacional - Ministerio de Salud del Perú".
  2. ^ Yensen, Erika. "Borderline conflict between Independencia, San Martin de Porres, Comas districts" (PDF) (in Spanish).
[edit]
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