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{{Short description|Japanese entertainment company}}
{{Unreferenced|date=April 2007}}
{{Distinguish|Soenario}}
'''Sanrio Co., Ltd.''' {{tyo|8136}} is a [[Japan]]ese company that creates a range of (mostly) design series that features [[Fictional character|characters]], and sells and licenses various products [[brand]]ed with these characters. These products include stationery, school supplies, gifts and accessories. Sanrio's best known character is [[Hello Kitty]], a white cat with red bow and no mouth. Hello Kitty is one of the most successful marketing brands in the world.{{Fact|date=February 2007}}
{{More citations needed|date=January 2009}}
[[Image:Stand Noguera Kitty Madrid.jpg|thumb|Sanrio products stand at a commercial convention]]
{{Use mdy dates|date=May 2024}}
{{Infobox company
| name = Sanrio Company, Ltd.
| native_name = 株式会社サンリオ
| logo = Sanrio logo.svg
| logo_size = 220px
| image = Gate_City_Osaki_West_Tower.jpg
| image_size = 200
| image_caption = Headquarters at Gate City Osaki in [[Ōsaki, Tokyo]]
| brands = [[Hello Kitty]]<br />[[Mr. Men]]
| type = [[Public company|Public]]
| traded_as = {{tyo|8136}}
| predecessor =
| successor =
| founder = [[Shintaro Tsuji]]
| defunct =
| fate =
| area_served =
| key_people = {{ubl|Shintaro Tsuji <small>(former [[President (corporate title)|President]] & [[Chief executive officer|CEO]])</small>|Tomokuni Tsuji (President)}}
| industry = [[Wholesale]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.nikkei.com/markets/company/gaiyo/?scode=8136|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20161205200046/http://www.nikkei.com/markets/company/gaiyo/?scode=8136|archive-date = December 5, 2016|title = サンリオ&#91;8136&#93;の株価・株主優待など。}}</ref>
| genre =
| products = {{unbulleted list|Fashion|Accessories|Gifts|Entertainment|Video games|Plushies|Toys}}
| services =
| revenue = {{increase}} [[Japanese yen|¥]]72,624&nbsp;million<ref name="financials2023">{{cite web |url=https://corporate.sanrio.co.jp/en/ir/statements/ |title=Financial Statements |publisher=Sanrio Co., Ltd. |access-date=December 8, 2023}}</ref>
| revenue_year = 2023
| operating_income = {{increase}} ¥13,247&nbsp;million<ref name="financials2023"/>
| income_year = 2023
| profit = {{increase}} ¥8,225&nbsp;million<ref name="financials2023"/>
| profit_year = 2023
| assets = {{increase}} ¥100,704&nbsp;million<ref name="financials2023"/>
| assets_year = 2023
| equity = {{increase}} ¥50,152&nbsp;million<ref name="financials2023"/>
| equity_year = 2023
| owner =
| num_employees = 630<ref name="profile">{{cite web |url=http://www.sanrio.co.jp/english/corporate/about_s/profile/ |title=Company Profile &#124; About Sanrio &#124; Sanrio
|publisher=Sanrio Co., Ltd. |access-date=December 8, 2023}}</ref>
| num_employees_year = 2023
| divisions = Kokoro<br />Sanriowave<br />[[Mr. Men|THOIP]]
| subsid =
| homepage = {{URL|sanrio.com}}
| footnotes =
| intl =
| location =
| location_city = [[Ōsaki, Tokyo|Ōsaki]], Shinagawa, Tokyo
| location_country = Japan
| locations =
| foundation = {{start date and age|1960|8|10}} (as Yamanashi Silk Company)
}}


{{nihongo|'''Sanrio Company, Ltd.'''|株式会社サンリオ|Kabushikigaisha Sanrio}}<ref>[http://www.sanrio.co.jp/ サンリオ]</ref> is a Japanese entertainment company. It designs, licenses, and manufactures products focusing on the ''[[kawaii]]'' ("cute") segment of [[Japanese popular culture]]. Their products include [[stationery]], school supplies, gifts, and [[Fashion accessory|accessories]], which are sold worldwide, including at specialty brand retail stores in Japan. Sanrio's best-known character is [[Hello Kitty]], a cartoon cat<ref name="kotaku">{{cite web|last1=Ashcroft|first1=Brian|title=Don't Be Silly, Hello Kitty Is a Cat|date=August 28, 2014 |url=http://kotaku.com/dont-be-silly-hello-kitty-is-a-cat-1627820750|access-date=August 29, 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last1=Allen|first1=Sarah|title=Is Hello Kitty a Cat? Sanrio Doesn't Know|date=August 29, 2014|url=http://pcmlifestyle.com/2014/08/hello-kitty-cat-sanrio-cat-or-no-cat/|access-date=August 29, 2014}}</ref><ref name='rocketnews24'>{{cite web|title=Hello Kitty isn't a cat!? We called Sanrio to find out!|date=August 28, 2014|url=http://en.rocketnews24.com/2014/08/28/hello-kitty-isnt-a-cat-we-called-sanrio-to-find-out/|access-date=August 29, 2014}}</ref> and one of the most successful marketing brands in the world.<ref>{{Cite web |date=April 2, 2015 |title=Hello Kitty's guide to business success – CNET News |url=http://news.cnet.com/Hello-Kittys-guide-to-business-success/2100-1041_3-5756324.html |access-date=October 31, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402091706/http://news.cnet.com/Hello-Kittys-guide-to-business-success/2100-1041_3-5756324.html |archive-date=April 2, 2015 }}</ref>
Sanrio was started by [[Shintaro Tsuji]] as the Yamanashi Silk Company in 1960, using 1 million yen in capital. The company produced a line of character merchandise around gift-giving occasions. It wasn't until [[1973]] that the company was officially established under the name "Sanrio." The word Sanrio comes from a [[Spanish language|Spanish]] meaning of "sacred river".


Besides selling their famed character goods, Sanrio also takes part in movie production and publishing. They also participate in the fast food industry, running a franchise of [[KFC|Kentucky Fried Chicken]] in [[Saitama Prefecture|Saitama]]. They also own the rights to the [[Peanuts]] characters in Japan. Sanrio also has an [[animatronics]] company branch called [[Kokoro Company, Ltd.]] ("Kokoro" being the Japanese word for "heart"), best known for the android, [[Actroid]].
Besides selling character goods, Sanrio takes part in film production and publishing. They own the rights to the ''[[Mr. Men]]'' characters and Japanese licensing rights to the ''[[Peanuts]]'' characters. Their [[animatronics]] branch, Kokoro Company, Ltd. (''kokoro'' being Japanese for "heart"), is best known for the [[Actroid]] [[Android (robot)|android]]. The company also runs a [[KFC]] franchise in [[Saitama Prefecture]].


==History==
Sanrio is the largest greeting card manufacturer in Japan. In 2002, they began a joint business venture with the [[Walt Disney Company]] for their greeting cards.
[[File:Sanrio Strawberry House 20100704.jpg|thumb|right|upright=1.2|Sanrio store in [[Den-en-chōfu]], Ōta, Tokyo]]


[[Shintaro Tsuji]] founded Sanrio on August 10, 1960, then known as the '''Yamanashi Silk Company''' using {{JPY|1,000,000|link=yes}} in capital.{{efn|{{JPY|250,000|link=yes}} of the capital came from Tsuji's former government colleagues, while the rest came from his government pension and personal savings.{{sfn|Belson|Bremner|2004|p=38}}}} In 1962, Tsuji expanded his enterprise from [[silk]] to rubber sandals with flowers painted on them.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=The cat who turned kawaii into cash|url=http://www.atimes.com/atimes/Japan/EL13Dh01.html|date=December 13, 2003|website=Asia Times|url-status=unfit|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050210073227/http://www.atimes.com/atimes/Japan/EL13Dh01.html|archive-date=February 10, 2005|access-date=May 27, 2020}}</ref> Tsuji noticed his success gained by merely adding a cute design to the sandals.<ref name=":0" /> He began using existing cartoon characters for his merchandise. In the late 1960s the company began producing goods with the dog character [[Snoopy]], from the American comic strip ''[[Peanuts]]'', after acquiring the Japanese licensing rights.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Gomez |first1=Edward |title=How Hello Kitty Came to Rule the World / With little advertising and no TV spinoff, Sanrio's 30-year-old feline turned cute into the ultimate brand |url=https://www.sfgate.com/entertainment/article/ASIAN-POP-How-Hello-Kitty-Came-to-Rule-the-World-3237700.php |newspaper=[[San Francisco Chronicle|SF Gate]] |date=July 14, 2004|access-date=January 25, 2020}}</ref>
[[Hello Kitty]] was added to the early characters of Sanrio in [[1974]] and was released in [[1975]]. The popular mouthless feline has had both peaks and drops in sales over the years, but always has been the highest contributor to Sanrio's sales. Other notably popular characters through the years have been ''The Little Twin Stars'' (created by Mr. Tsuji himself), ''My Melody'', ''Keroppi'', ''Tuxedo Sam'', ''Badtz-Maru'', ''Pochacco'', ''Chococat'', and ''Cinnamoroll''. Sanrio constantly adds new characters to its lineup (up to three a year), so some of the older characters go into retirement. Some of Sanrio's newest characters are ''Charmmy Kitty'' (Hello Kitty's pet cat), ''Kuromi'' (My Melody's rival) and ''Chi Chai Monchan'' (a pink monkey who balances bananas on his head.) For a time, [[Osamu Tezuka]]'s baby unicorn character [[Unico]], who starred in two feature-length anime movies in the early 1980s, was also part of the Sanrio empire; however, the rights to Unico shifted to Tezuka's own company after Tezuka's death in 1989.


In 1973 the company was officially established under the name Sanrio. In the book {{nihongo||これがサンリオの秘密です|Kore ga Sanrio no Himitsu Desu}} or ''These are Sanrio's Secrets'' Tsuji, Sanrio's founder, said that {{nihongo||山梨|Yamanashi}}, part of the company's former name, has an alternative [[on'yomi]] reading of ''Sanri''. The remaining ''o'' was added from the {{nihongo||オウ|ou}} sound people make when they are excited.{{sfn|Tsuji|2000}} The company's European website gives another origin of the name, saying the name comes from the Spanish words ''san'' ('holy') and ''río'' ('river').<ref name="Europe">{{cite web|url=http://www.sanrioeurope.com/about.asp |title=Sanrio Europe |access-date=September 14, 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091001063109/http://www.sanrioeurope.com/about.asp |archive-date=October 1, 2009 }}</ref>
In late [[2003]], Sanrio won the "Top Brand with a Conscience" award from the [[Medinge Group]] of [[Sweden]] for its communication principles. The company has partnered with UNICEF since 1984.


Tsuji hired his own designers to create characters for Sanrio, so as to not have to pay outside [[Royalty payment|royalty fees]].<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{cite web |title=Shintaro Tsuji, CEO, Sanrio - CNN.com |url=http://edition.cnn.com/2007/BUSINESS/12/07/boardroom.tsugi/ |website=edition.cnn.com |access-date=November 7, 2022 |archive-date=November 5, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141105204505/http://edition.cnn.com/2007/BUSINESS/12/07/boardroom.tsugi/#cnnSTCText}}</ref> The first original Sanrio character, [[Coro Chan]], was introduced in 1973.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.sanrio.com/character/1970/coro-chan | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201025135928/https://www.sanrio.com/character/1970/coro-chan | archive-date=October 25, 2020 | title=Coro Chan &#124; Sanrio Timeline }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=https://domani.shogakukan.co.jp/176120 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191218145558/https://domani.shogakukan.co.jp/176120 | archive-date=December 18, 2019 | title=サンリオキャラクターたちの知られざる素顔を覗き見!?【誰かに話したくなるサンリオの魅力まとめ】 | date=April 22, 2019 }}</ref> [[Hello Kitty]] was added to the lineup of early Sanrio characters in 1974 and the first related merchandise was released the following year. The popular feline whose mouth is usually invisible has had both peaks and drops in sales over the years but always has been the highest contributor to Sanrio's sales. Sanrio constantly adds new characters to its lineup. Specific characters are rotated in and out of active production.<ref>[http://www.sanrio.com/smallgift/more_characters/?chr=a-f Characters] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101223050502/http://www.sanrio.com/smallgift/more_characters/?chr=a-f |date=December 23, 2010 }} - Sanrio.com</ref> For a short time, [[Osamu Tezuka]]'s baby unicorn character [[Unico]], who starred in two feature-length anime movies in the early 1980s, was also part of the Sanrio's lineup; however, the rights to Unico shifted to Osamu Tezuka's own company after Tezuka's death in 1989.
Sanrio also hosts two [[theme park]]s in Japan, [[Sanrio Puroland]] in [[Tama, Tokyo]], and Harmonyland [http://www.sanrio.co.jp/english/harmony/harmony.html]in [[Hiji, Ōita|Hiji]], [[Ōita Prefecture|Ōita]], [[Kyūshū]].


In late 2003, Sanrio won the "Top Brand with a Conscience" award from the Medinge Group of Sweden for its communication principles.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://medinge.org/brands-with-a-conscience/past-winners/2004/ | website=Medinge Group | title=Brands with a Conscience - Past winners - 2004 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101217130913/http://medinge.org/brands-with-a-conscience/past-winners/2004/ | archive-date=December 17, 2010 | url-status=dead}}</ref> The company has partnered with [[UNICEF]] since 1984. In 2006, Sanrio launched [[Sanrio Digital]] together with [[Typhoon Games]] to expand to the Internet, [[online game]]s, and mobile services.
Sanrio Inc., Sanrio's American subsidiary that produces most of the merchandise found in [[franchising|franchise]] boutiques, is located in South [[San Francisco]], [[California]]. Sanrio's first Western hemisphere store opened in [[San Jose, California|San Jose]]'s [[Eastridge Mall]]. There are eighteen "flagship" locations across the country, and in 2005 Sanrio opened its first high-end boutique called ''Momoberry'' at [[Beverly Center]] in Los Angeles.


Beginning with [[Jewelpet]] in 2008, Sanrio started collaborating with [[Sega Toys]] in creating characters intended to become media franchises. Subsequent collaborations include [[ Rilu Rilu Fairilu]] from 2016 and [[Beatcats]] from 2020.<ref>{{cite web |title=Sanrio, Sega Toys Collaborate on Rilu Rilu Fairilu TV Anime |url=https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2015-12-11/sanrio-sega-toys-collaborate-on-rilu-rilu-fairilu-tv-anime/.96387 |website=Anime News Network |access-date=October 26, 2022 |language=en}}</ref><ref name=beatcatsanimageplus>{{cite web|url=https://animageplus.jp/articles/detail/33545|title=ニャンとかわいい☆ダンスボーカルユニット『Beatcats』公開♬|publisher=[[Animage]]|date=October 8, 2020|accessdate=October 24, 2020}}</ref>
In 2006 Sanrio went Digital with a joint venture with [[Typhoon Games]] and launched [[Sanrio Digital]] to expand its brand and revenues through the Internet, Online Games and Mobile Services.


2010 was Sanrio's 50th anniversary. In conjunction with this, [[Build-A-Bear Workshop]] released limited edition [[stuffed toy]]s of several Sanrio characters, including Hello Kitty, Chococat, My Melody and Keroppi.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20100804005380/en/Kitty-Sanrio-Friends-Celebrate-Sanrio%E2%80%99s-50th-Anniversary |title=Hello Kitty and Sanrio Friends Celebrate Sanrio's 50th Anniversary at Build-A-Bear Workshop|website=[[Business Wire]]|location=[[St. Louis]]|date=August 4, 2010|archive-date=December 4, 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141204114011/http://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20100804005380/en/Kitty-Sanrio-Friends-Celebrate-Sanrio%E2%80%99s-50th-Anniversary}}</ref>
"The Adventure of Hello Kitty & Friends" is the first ever made Hello Kitty TV series animation in 3D. The animation is licensed by [[Sanrio Digital]] and produced by [[Dream Cortex]]. The first season with 26 episodes will be premiered in Italy by end of 2007, following by airing in countries in both Europe and Asia in Q1 2008.


Hello Kitty is alleged to be drawn in a similar style to the rabbit [[Miffy]]. On August 26, 2010, Mercis BV, representing Miffy's creator [[Dick Bruna]] brought suit against Sanrio. They claimed that one of Hello Kitty's companion characters, a rabbit named Cathy, infringes on the copyright and trademark of Miffy.<ref name=miffysuit>{{cite press release | url=http://www.sanrio.co.jp/rs/english/corporate/ir/detail/20101104.pdf | title=Announcement of Provisional Disposition Order Against Sanrio | publisher=Sanrio Company, Ltd. | date=November 4, 2010 | access-date=July 25, 2011 | url-status=dead | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110930032019/http://www.sanrio.co.jp/rs/english/corporate/ir/detail/20101104.pdf | archive-date=September 30, 2011 }}</ref> On November 2, 2010, a Dutch court ruled against Sanrio and ordered the company to stop marketing Cathy products in Belgium, Luxembourg, and the Netherlands.<ref name=miffysuit /><ref>{{cite news | last=Kollewe | first=Julia | title=Miffy biffs Cathy in Kitty copycat case | newspaper=The Guardian | url=https://www.theguardian.com/business/2010/nov/04/cathy-infringes-miffy-copyright-case | access-date=May 16, 2011 | location=London | date=November 4, 2010}}</ref><ref>{{cite news | last=Dawson | first=Chester |author2=Kanna Takeuchi | title=Miffy, Hello Kitty Take Bunny Beef to Court | publisher=Wall Street Journal | url=https://blogs.wsj.com/japanrealtime/2010/11/04/miffy-hello-kitty-take-bunny-beef-to-court/ | access-date=May 16, 2011 | date=November 4, 2010}}</ref> Following the [[2011 Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami|March 11, 2011, earthquake and tsunami]] in Japan, Sanrio and Mercis reached an out-of-court settlement on June 7, 2011, for Sanrio to halt production worldwide of merchandise that feature Cathy. They also jointly announced a €150,000 donation to earthquake victims.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.rnw.nl/english/bulletin/japans-hello-kitty-resolves-bunny-battle-miffy | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110623152455/http://www.rnw.nl/english/bulletin/japans-hello-kitty-resolves-bunny-battle-miffy | url-status=dead | archive-date=June 23, 2011 | title=Japan's Hello Kitty resolves bunny battle with Miffy | publisher=Radio Netherlands Worldwide | access-date=June 16, 2011}}</ref>
==Sanrio Characters==

[[Image:SanrioDolls.jpg|thumb|Toys from Sanrio]]
In December 2011, Sanrio Global acquired the rights to the ''[[Mr. Men]]'' characters, which includes the subsidiary Mr Men Films Ltd, taking over [[Chorion (company)|Chorion]]'s THOIP company.<ref>{{cite news|author=Mark Sweney |url=https://www.theguardian.com/media/2011/dec/06/mr-men-hello-kitty-owner |title=Mr Men bought by Hello Kitty owner |work=The Guardian |location=UK |date=December 6, 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.kentonline.co.uk/kent/news/i-asked-my-dad-what-a-tickle-looked-like-257458/ | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211116053550/https://www.kentonline.co.uk/kent/news/i-asked-my-dad-what-a-tickle-looked-like-257458/ | archive-date=November 16, 2021 | title='I asked my dad what a tickle looked like' | date=November 16, 2021 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=https://corporate.sanrio.co.jp/en/about_sanrio/profile/ | title=Company Profile &#124; Sanrio }}</ref>
*[[Badtz-Maru]]

*[[Bunny and Mattie]] (first Sanrio character)
In 2019 the [[European Commission]] fined Sanrio 6.2 million euros (approx. 6.9 million US dollars) for blocking cross-border sales of its licensed products.<ref>{{cite news | url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/07/10/business/hello-kitty-sanrio-european-union-antitrust.html | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190710190158/https://www.nytimes.com/2019/07/10/business/hello-kitty-sanrio-european-union-antitrust.html | archive-date=July 10, 2019 | title=Hello Kitty's Parent Company Fined $6.9 Million by E.U. | newspaper=The New York Times | date=July 10, 2019 | last1=Abdul | first1=Geneva }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=https://ec.europa.eu/commission/presscorner/detail/en/IP_19_3950 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200516205542/https://ec.europa.eu/commission/presscorner/detail/en/IP_19_3950 | archive-date=May 16, 2020 | title=Press corner European Commission}}</ref>
*[[Button Nose]]

*[[Charmmy Kitty]]
In June 2020, it was announced that the company's founder and president, Shintaro Tsuji would step down from the role and hand control of the company to his grandson, Tomokuni Tsuji. Tomokuni was just 31 at the time, making him the youngest chief executive of a listed Japanese company.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-10-31 |title=How Japan's youngest CEO transformed Hello Kitty |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/articles/c72pr8y2r9wo |access-date=2024-11-07 |website=BBC News |language=en-GB}}</ref> Shintaro Tsuji ran the company for 60 years.<ref>{{cite web |agency=Agence France-Presse |title=Hello Kitty gets a new boss after 60 years |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2020/jun/13/hello-kitty-gets-new-boss-after-60-years |website=[[The Guardian]] |date=June 13, 2020 |access-date=June 13, 2020}}</ref>
*[[Chibi-maru]]

*[[Chi Chai Monchan]]
==Locations==
*[[Ringing Bell|Chirin]]
[[Image:Sanrio, Inc. HQ.JPG|thumb|left|Sanrio Inc. headquarters in [[South San Francisco]]]]
*[[Chococat]]
Sanrio Inc. is Sanrio's American subsidiary. Sanrio Inc. has offices in [[South San Francisco, California]], and [[Torrance, California]]. Sanrio's first Western Hemisphere store opened in [[San Jose, California|San Jose]]'s [[Eastridge Center|Eastridge Mall]]. In 2008, Sanrio opened its high-end boutique called ''Sanrio Luxe'' in New York City's [[Times Square]]. In the Western Hemisphere, Sanrio character-branded products are sold in upwards of 13,000 locations including department, specialty, and national chain stores and over 85 Sanrio boutiques. In April 2010, the first and only Sanrio-licensed eatery (Sanrio Cafe) in the U.S. opened at [[Pearlridge]]'s Downtown phase in [[Aiea, Hawaii]].
*[[Cinnamoroll]]

*[[Coro Coro Kuririn]]
In 2004, Sanrio Co. Ltd., expanded its license to one of its major licensee and plush suppliers [[Nakajima USA]] to include the owning and operating of all Sanrio branded stores in the US, overseeing the relationships between individual licensed stores and supplying all categories of products for the retail stores in the US and wholesale accounts.
*[[Hello Kitty#History|Dear Daniel]]

*[[Deery Lou]]
Sanrio hosts two [[theme park]]s in Japan, [[Sanrio Puroland]] in [[Tama, Tokyo]], and Harmonyland<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.harmonyland.jp/english/harmony/hl_guide/attraction.html|title=Attractions}}</ref><ref>[http://www.sanrio.co.jp/english/harmony/harmony.html Harmonyland<!-- Bot generated title -->] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061201183637/http://www.sanrio.co.jp/english/harmony/harmony.html|date=December 1, 2006}}</ref> in [[Hiji, Ōita|Hiji]], [[Ōita Prefecture|Ōita]], [[Kyūshū]].
*[[Doki Doki Yummychums]]

*[[Fairy Florence]]
==Characters==
*[[Frooliemew]]
{{Main|List of Sanrio characters}}
*[[Hangyodon]]
Sanrio has created over 450 characters as of 2022, the best known of which is the white cat character [[Hello Kitty]] from 1974.<ref name="2022eupr">{{cite web|url=https://www.sanrio.eu/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/0407Revised_2022PressRelease_EN.pdf|title=2022 Sanrio Character Ranking Kicks Off!|website=sanrio.eu|access-date=July 6, 2022 }}</ref> Other well-known characters include the pink rabbit [[List of Sanrio characters#My Melody (1975)|My Melody]] from 1975, the frog [[List of Sanrio characters#Keroppi (1988)|Keroppi]] from 1988, the penguin [[List of Sanrio characters#Bad Badtz-Maru (1993)|Bad Badtz-Maru]] from 1993, the white dog [[Cinnamoroll]] from 2001, the black rabbit [[Kuromi]] from 2005, the animal series [[List of Sanrio characters#Jewelpet (2008)|Jewelpet]] from 2008, the egg character [[Gudetama]] from 2013, and the [[red panda]] [[Aggretsuko|Aggressive Retsuko]] from 2015.
*[[Hello Kitty]]

*[[Hoshinowaguma]]
Notable designers of Sanrio characters include [[Yuko Shimizu]], original designer of Hello Kitty, [[Yuko Yamaguchi]], lead designer for most of Hello Kitty's history and [[Miyuki Okumura]], original designer of Cinnamoroll.<ref name="today2016">{{cite web | url=https://www.todayonline.com/lifestyle/hello-kitty-lead-designer-tells-origin-story-british-schoolgirl | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160827174114/https://www.todayonline.com/lifestyle/hello-kitty-lead-designer-tells-origin-story-british-schoolgirl | archive-date=August 27, 2016 | title=Hello Kitty's lead designer tells the origin story of the British schoolgirl |date=June 21, 2016 |website=Today |publication-place=Singapore}}</ref><ref name="nytimes2010">{{cite news |title=In Search of Adorable, as Hello Kitty Gets Closer to Goodbye |first=Hiroko |last=Tabuchi |author-link=Hiroko Tabuchi |newspaper=NYTimes.com |date=May 14, 2010 |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2010/05/15/business/global/15kitty.html?src=me&ref=business }}</ref><ref name="cinnacrunchy2019">{{cite web |last1=Dennison |first1=Kara |title=Oda Cinnamon Nobunaga Teams up with Sanrio's Cinnamoroll for Canine Collab |url=https://www.crunchyroll.com/anime-news/2019/11/21/oda-cinnamon-nobunaga-teams-up-with-sanrios-cinnamoroll-for-canine-collab |website=Crunchyroll |access-date=October 26, 2022 |date=November 22, 2019 |language=en-us}}</ref>
*[[Little Jumbo|Jumbo]]

*[[Keroppi Hasunoue]]
Since 1986 Sanrio has held the annual Sanrio Character Ranking poll where fans can vote on their favorite characters. It began in the ''Strawberry Newspaper'' ([[:ja:いちご新聞]]) published by Sanrio in Japan, but now voting also takes place online.<ref name="2022eupr" />
*[[Kuromi]]

*[[Landry]]
Besides their own original characters, Sanrio also owns the rights to the ''[[Mr. Men]]'' characters and Japanese licensing rights to the ''[[Peanuts]]'' characters.
*[[Little Twin Stars]]
*[[Lloromannic]]
*[[Marron Cream]]
*[[Masyumaro]]
*[[Monkichi]]
*[[Moshimoro]]
*[[My Melody]]
*[[Nyago]]
*[[Pandapple]]
*[[Pankunchi]]
*[[Patapatapeppy]]
*[[Patty & Jimmy]]
*[[Pekkle]]
*[[Picke Bicke]]
*[[Pink no Corisu]]
*[[Pinki Lili]]
*[[Pippo (Sanrio)|Pippo]]
*[[Pochacco]]
*[[Purin (Sanrio)|Purin]]
*[[Pururun Kyupi]]
*[[Robowan]]
*[[Shinkansen (Sanrio)|Shinkansen]]
*[[Spottie Dottie]]
*[[Strawberry King]]
*[[Sugarbunnies]]
*[[Sweet Coron]]
*[[Tabo (Sanrio)|Tabo]]
*[[Tenorikuma]]
*[[Tuxedo Sam]]
*[[Unico]] (formerly with [[Osamu Tezuka]])
*[[U*SA*HA*NA]]
*[[Winkipinki]]
*[[Zashikibuta]]


==Filmography==
==Filmography==
From 1977 to 1985, Sanrio produced the following movies through their [[Sanrio Films]] label:
* [[Little Jumbo]] (1977) (''Chiisana Jumbo'')
* [[Ringing Bell]] (1978) (''Chirin no Suzu'' or ''Bell of Chirin'')
* [[The Mouse and His Child]] (1978) (''Oyaro Nezumi no Fushigina Tabi'' or ''The Wonderful Journey of the Mouse Family'')
* [[Metamorphoses (film)|Metamorphoses]]/[[Winds of Change (Sanrio)|Winds of Change]] (1978) (''Orpheus no Hoshi'' or ''Orpheus of the Stars'')
* [[The Glacier Fox]] (1979) (''Kita-Kitsune Monogatari'' or ''The Story of the Northern Fox'')
* [[Nutcracker Fantasy]] (1979) (''Kurumiwari Ningyo'' or ''The Nutcracker'')
* [[Unico]] (1979)
* [[The Sea Prince and the Fire Child]] (1981) (''Sirius no Densetsu'' or ''Legend of Sirius'')
* [[Unico|The Fantastic Adventures of Unico]] (1981) - with [[Tezuka Productions]] and [[Madhouse Studios]]
* [[Unico|Unico in the Island of Magic]] (1983) (''Yuniko: Maho no Shima he'') - with [[Tezuka Productions]]
* [[Oshin]] (1984)
* [[A Journey Through Fairyland]] (1985) (''Yosei Florence'' or ''Florence the Fairy'')
* [[Mouse Story: George and Gerald's Adventure]] (2007) (''Nezumi Monogatari: George To Gerald no Bouken'') - with [[Madhouse Studios]]
* [[Cinnamoroll: The Movie]] (2007) - with [[Madhouse Studios]]
* [[The Adventures of Hello Kitty & Friends]] (2008) - with [[Sanrio Digital]] and [[Dream Cortex]]


===Theatrical===
After "A Journey Through Fairyland", Sanrio switched gears and started doing short films, OAVs, and TV shows based on their characters (Hello Kitty, etc.). In 2006, Sanrio announced they're going to do feature-length films again when they announced they were making 2 new movies: ''Nezumi Monogatari: George To Gerald no Bouken'' (''Mouse Story: George and Gerald's Adventure''), about mice living together, and ''Cinnamoroll: The Movie'', about the character [[Cinnamoroll]]. These two movies will be released as a double feature on December 22, 2007 and are expected to be released overseas.
From 1977 to 1985, Sanrio produced movies through their Sanrio Films label. After ''A Journey Through Fairyland,'' Sanrio switched gears and started doing short films, OVAs, and TV shows based on their characters. In 2006, Sanrio announced they are again going to do feature-length films.
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!Title (English and Japanese)
!Release date
!Notes
|-
|''Joe and the Rose'' (バラの花とジョー/ ''Bara no Hana to Joe'')
|March 7, 1977 (Japan)
|Animated short film
|-
|''Little Jumbo'' (小さなジャンボ/ ''Chiisana Jumbo'')
|September 10, 1977 (Japan)
|Animated short film
|-
|''[[Who Are the DeBolts? And Where Did They Get Nineteen Kids?]]''
|September 10, 1977 (Japan)<br>December 7, 1977 (USA)
|Live-action documentary;<br>co-produced with [[Charles M. Schulz|Charles M. Schulz Creative Associates]] and [[Korty Films]]
|-
|''[[The Mouse and His Child (film)|The Mouse and His Child]]'' (親子ねずみの不思議な旅/''Oyaro nezumi no fushingina tabi'')
|November 18, 1977 (USA)<br>March 11, 1978 (Japan)
|Co-produced with [[Murakami Wolf]];<br>Based on the children's book by [[Russell Hoban]]
|-
|''[[Ringing Bell]]'' (チリンの鈴/''Chirin no Suzu'')
|March 11, 1978 (Japan)<br>April 8, 1983 (USA; Direct to Video)
|Animated short film;<br>Based on the children's book by [[Takashi Yanase]]
|-
|''[[Olly Olly Oxen Free (film)|Olly Olly Oxen Free]]'' (also released as ''The Great Balloon Adventure'')
|May 13, 1978 (Japan)<br>c. August 1978 (USA)
|Live-action film
|-
|[[Metamorphoses (1978 film)|''Orpheus of the Stars''/''Metamorphoses''/''Winds of Change'']] (星のオルフェウス/''Hoshi no Orufeusu'')
|May 26, 1978 (USA; as ''Metamorphoses)''<br>May 3, 1979 (USA; as ''Winds of Change)''<br>October 27, 1979 (Japan; as ''Orpheus of the Stars)''
|Animated film;<br>Based on the poem, ''[[Metamorphoses]]'', by [[Ovid]]<br>Co-produced with [[Columbia Pictures]]
|-
|''The Glacier Fox''<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Glacier Fox (1978) - IMDb | website=[[IMDb]] |url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0079212/?ref_=nv_sr_srsg_0}}</ref> (キタキツネ物語/''Kita-kitsune monogatari'')
|July 15, 1978 (Japan)<br>January 5, 1979 (USA)
|Live-action documentary
|-
|''[[Nutcracker Fantasy]]'' (''くるみ割り人形/Kurumiwari Ningyō'')
|March 3, 1979 (Japan)<br>July 6, 1979 (USA)
|Stop-motion animated film;<br>Based on [[The Nutcracker]] by [[Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky]]
|-
|''[[Unico|Unico: Black Cloud, White Feather]]'' (ユニコ 黒い雲と白い羽/''Kuroi Kumo Shiroi Hane'')
|April 1979 (Japan)<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ettinger |first=Benjamin |title=Pelleas.net {{!}} Masami Hata Filmography > 20 |url=http://www.pelleas.net/hm/20.shtml |website=Anipages}}</ref>
|Rejected animated pilot;<br>Based on the manga by [[Osamu Tezuka]]
|-
|''[[A Tale of Africa|A Tale of Africa/The Green Horizon]]'' (アフリカ物語/''Afurika Monogatari'')
|July 19, 1980 (Japan)<br>c. 1981 (USA; Released as ''The Green Horizon'' on television)
|Live-action film
|-
|''[[The Fantastic Adventures of Unico]]'' (ユニコ)
|March 14, 1981 (Japan)<br>May 12, 1983 (USA; released direct-to-video)
|Animated film;<br>Co-production with [[Tezuka Productions]] & [[Madhouse (company)|Madhouse]];<br>Based on the manga by [[Osamu Tezuka]]
|-
|''[[The Sea Prince and the Fire Child]]'' (シリウスの伝説/''The Legend of Sirius'')
|July 18, 1981 (Japan)<br>September 8, 1982 (USA; released direct-to-video)
|Animated film
|-
|''[[The Ideon: A Contact]]'' (伝説巨神イデオン 接触篇/''Densetsu-kyoshin ideon: Sesshoku-hen'')
|July 10, 1982 (Japan)
|Animated film (compilation film based on ''[[Space Runaway Ideon]]'')<br>Co-produced with [[Sunrise (company)|Sunrise]]/Co-distributed by [[Shochiku]]
|-
|''[[The Ideon: Be Invoked]]'' (伝説巨神イデオン　発動篇/''Densetsu kyojin ideon: Hatsudou-hen'')
|July 10, 1982 (Japan)
|Animated film (Alternate ending of the television series: ''[[Space Runaway Ideon]]'')<br>Co-produced with [[Sunrise (company)|Sunrise]]
|-
|''[[Don't Cry, It's Only Thunder]]''
|November 5, 1982 (USA)
|Live-action film
|-
|''[[Unico in the Island of Magic]]'' (ユニコ 魔法の島へ)
|July 16, 1983 (Japan)<br>November 10, 1983 (USA; released direct-to-video)
|Animated film;<br>Based on the manga by [[Osamu Tezuka]]
|-
|''[[Oshin]]'' (おしん)
|March 17, 1984 (Japan)
|Animated film;<br>Based on the Japanese [[Asadora|television drama]] of the same name
|-
|''[[Fairy Florence]]''/''A Journey Through Fairyland'' (妖精フローレンス/''Yosei Florence'')
|October 19, 1985 (Japan)<br>November 4, 1985 (USA; released direct-to-video)
|Animated film
|-
|''My Melody no Akazukin'' (マイメロディの赤ずきん)
|rowspan="3"|July 22, 1989 (Japan)
|rowspan="3"|Animated film;<br>Part of Sanrio Anime Festival
|-
|''Hello Kitty no Cinderella'' (ハローキティのシンデレラ)
|-
|''Kiki to Lala no Aoi Tori'' (キキとララの青い鳥)
|-
|''Pokopon no Yukai na Saiyuuki'' (ぽこぽんのゆかいな西遊記)
|rowspan="3"|July 21, 1990 (Japan)
|rowspan="3"|Animated film;<br>Part of Sanrio Anime Festival
|-
|''Hello Kitty no Oyayubi Hime'' (ハローキティのおやゆびひめ)
|-
|''Kero Kero Keroppi no Daibouken: Fushigi na Mame no ki'' (けろけろけろっぴの大冒険 ふしぎな豆の木)
|-
|''Kero Kero Keroppi no Sanjuushi'' (けろけろけろっぴの三銃士)
|rowspan="3"|July 20, 1991 (Japan)
|rowspan="3"|Animated film;<br>Part of Sanrio Anime Festival
|-
|''Hello Kitty no Mahou no Mori no Ohime-sama'' (ハローキティの魔法の森のお姫さま)
|-
|''Tabo no Ryuuguu Hoshi Dai Tanken'' (たあ坊の竜宮星大探険)
|-
|''Hello Kitty no Minna no Mori o Mamore!'' (ハローキティのみんなの森をまもれ!)
|rowspan="3"|January 13, 1996 (Japan)
|rowspan="3"|Animated film;<br>Part of Sanrio Anime Festival
|-
|''Kero Kero Keroppi no Bikkuri! Obake Yashiki'' (けろけろけろっぴのびっくり! おばけやしき)
|-
|''Bad Batzmaru no Ore no Pochi Sekaiichi'' (バッドばつ丸のオレのポチは世界一)
|-
|''Mouse Story: George and Gerald's Adventure'' (ねずみ物語 ジョージとジェラルドの冒険)
|December 22, 2007 (Japan)
|Animated film;<br>Co-produced with [[Madhouse (company)|Madhouse]];<br>Released in a double bill with ''[[Cinnamoroll the Movie]]''<ref>{{Cite web |title=Mouse Story: The Adventures of George & Gerald (2007) - Trivia |url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt1934342/trivia/?ref_=tt_trv_trv |website=IMDb}}</ref>
|-
|''[[Cinnamoroll the Movie]]'' (シナモン The Movie)
|December 22, 2007 (Japan)
|Animated film;<br>Co-produced with [[Madhouse (company)|Madhouse]];<br>Released in a double bill with ''Mouse Story: George and Gerald's Adventure''<ref>{{Cite web |title=Mouse Story: The Adventures of George and Gerald (2007) - Trivia | website=[[IMDb]] |url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt1934342/trivia/?ref_=tt_trv_trv}}</ref>
|-
|''[[Jewelpet the Movie: Sweets Dance Princess]]'' (映画ジュエルペット スウィーツダンスプリンセス)
|August 11, 2012 (Japan)
|Animated film;<br>Co-produced with [[Sega Toys]] & [[Studio Comet]]
|-
|''[[Onegai My Melody|Onegai My Melody: Yū & Ai]]'' (おねがいマイメロディ)
|August 11, 2012 (Japan)
|Animated film;<br>Co-produced with [[Studio Comet]]
|-
|''Gō-chan and his Forest Friends Moko & Marvelous Creatures''
|May 3, 2017 (Japan)
|Animated film;<br>Co-produced with [[TV Asahi]] & [[Shin-Ei Animation]]
|-
|''Gō-chan ~Moco and the Promise Made on the Ice~''
|March 18, 2018 (Japan)
|Animated film;<br>Co-produced with [[TV Asahi]] & [[Shin-Ei Animation]]
|-
|''[[Jewelpet Attack Travel!|Jewelepet Attack Travel!]]''
|May 14, 2022
|Animated short film;<br>Co-produced with [[Ashi Productions]]
|}

===Other animation===
Sanrio began its involvement in the production of TV and direct-to-video animation during the late 1980s and early 1990s, starting with the US-made ''[[Hello Kitty's Furry Tale Theater]]'' in 1987. The character My Melody got her first starring role in an animated series in the anime television series, ''[[Onegai My Melody]]'', which first aired on [[TV Osaka]] on April 3, 2005, and was produced by [[Studio Comet]]. The [[Sugarbunnies]] franchise was later adapted into a 7-minute short series in 2007 and was popular enough to gain two sequels.

[[Jewelpet]] was also adapted into an anime metaseries in 2009, which was also produced by Studio Comet, spanning 6 official seasons and one theatrical movie, making it the longest-running anime adaptation of a Sanrio franchise in history.

''[[Show by Rock!!]]'', a game by Sanrio and Geechs got an anime adaptation produced by [[Bones (studio)|Bones]] in 2015 - and was licensed in the United States by [[Funimation]]. ''[[Aggretsuko]]'' also get three animated adaptations by Fanworks, one aired on [[TBS Television (Japan)|TBS]] and the later two were released officially on [[Netflix]].

* ''[[Mr. Men#TV series|Mr. Men]]'' (1974) — Flicks Films
* ''[[Mr. Men#TV series|Little Miss]]'' (1983) — Flicks Films
* ''[[Button Nose]]'' (1985) — [[Topcraft]]
* ''[[Hello Kitty's Furry Tale Theater]]'' (1987) — [[DIC Entertainment]]
* ''[[List of Hello Kitty animated series|Hello Kitty and Friends]]'' (1989—1998) — Grouper Production
* ''[[Mr. Men and Little Miss]]'' (1995—1997) — Marina Productions/Breakthrough Films and Television
* ''[[Flint the Time Detective]]'' (1998) — [[Group TAC]]
* ''[[List of Hello Kitty animated series|Hello Kitty's Paradise]]'' (1999)
* ''[[List of Hello Kitty animated series|Hello Kitty's Animation Theater]]'' (2001) — Group TAC
* ''[[List of Hello Kitty animated series|Hello Kitty's Stump Village]]'' (2005) — Studio Tomorrow/SOVIK Venture Capital
* ''[[Onegai My Melody]]'' (2005) — [[Studio Comet]]
* ''U*SA*HA*NA: Dream Ballerina'' (2006) — [[Asahi Production]]
* ''[[List of Hello Kitty animated series|Hello Kitty: Ringo no Mori Fantasy]]'' (2006) — [[Asahi Production]]
* ''[[Onegai My Melody|Onegai My Melody ~KuruKuru Shuffle!~]]'' (2006) — [[Studio Comet]]
* ''Hello Kitty: Ringo No Mori No Mystery'' (2007) — [[Asahi Production]]
* ''[[Sugarbunnies]]'' (2007) — [[Asahi Production]]
* ''[[Onegai My Melody|Onegai My Melody Sukkiri♪]]'' (2007) — [[Studio Comet]]
* ''Hello Kitty: Ringo no Mori to Parallel Town'' (2007) — [[Asahi Production]]
* ''[[Sugarbunnies|Sugarbunnies Chocolat!]]'' (2008) — [[Asahi Production]]
* ''[[Onegai My Melody|Onegai♪My Melody Kirara]]'' (2008) — [[Studio Comet]]
* ''[[The Mr. Men Show]]'' (2008) - [[Renegade Animation]]
* ''[[Sugarbunnies|Sugarbunnies Fleur]]'' (2009) — [[Asahi Production]]
* ''[[Jewelpet (anime)|Jewelpet]]'' (2009) — [[Studio Comet]]
* ''[[Jewelpet (anime)|Jewelpet Twinkle]]'' (2010) — [[Studio Comet]]
* ''[[Jewelpet (anime)|Jewelpet Sunshine]]'' (2011) — [[Studio Comet]]
* ''[[Jewelpet (anime)|Jewelpet Kira Deco!]]'' (2012) — [[Studio Comet]]
* ''[[Jewelpet (anime)|Jewelpet Happiness]]'' (2013) — [[Studio Comet]]
* ''[[Lady Jewelpet]]'' (2014) — [[Zexcs]]
* ''[[Show by Rock!!]]'' (2015) — [[Bones (studio)|Bones]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2014-09-08/sanrio-show-by-rock-mobile-rhythm-game-gets-tv-anime-in-2015/.78515|title = Sanrio's Show by Rock!! Mobile Rhythm Game Gets TV Anime in 2015| date=May 21, 2023 }}</ref>
* ''[[Jewelpet: Magical Change]]'' (2015) — [[Studio Deen]] and [[TMS Entertainment]]
* ''[[Rilu Rilu Fairilu|Rilu Rilu Fairilu ~ Yousei no Door ~]]'' (2016) — [[Studio Deen]]
* ''[[Show by Rock!!|Show by Rock!!#]]'' (2016) — [[Bones (studio)|Bones]]
* ''[[Rilu Rilu Fairilu|Rilu Rilu Fairilu ~ Mahou no Kagami ~]]'' (2017) — [[Studio Deen]]
* ''[[Sanrio Boys]]'' (2018) — [[Pierrot (company)|Pierrot]]
* ''[[Aggretsuko]]'' (2018–2023) — Fanworks
* ''[[Rilu Rilu Fairilu|Oshiete Mahou no Pendulum ~ Rilu Rilu Fairilu ~]]'' (2018) - [[Studio Deen]]
* ''[[Show by Rock!!|Show by Rock!! Mashumairesh!!]]'' (2020) — [[Kinema Citrus]]
* ''[[Mewkledreamy]]'' (2020) — [[J.C.Staff]]
* ''[[Show by Rock!!|Show by Rock!! Stars!!]]'' (2021) — [[Kinema Citrus]]
* ''[[Mewkledreamy|Mewkledreamy Mix!]]'' (2021) — [[J.C.Staff]]

=== Variety shows ===
A few children's variety shows by Sanrio aired on TV Tokyo.
* ''Daisuki! Hello Kitty'' (1993—1994)
* ''Asobou!! Hello Kitty'' (1994)
* ''Hello Kitty to Bad Badtz-Maru'' (1994—1998)
* ''Kitty's Paradise'' (1999—2011)
* ''Sanrio Characters Pon Pon Jump!'' (2017-2020)
* ''Fun Fun Kitty!'' (2020-2022)

== Video games ==
Sanrio Digital produces and publishes digital content based on Sanrio intellectual property assets like Hello Kitty, My Melody, Badtz Maru and many others. Among the games are: ''[[Hello Kitty: Roller Rescue]]'', ''Hello Kitty: Birthday Adventures'', and ''Hello Kitty Seasons''. ''[[Hello Kitty Island Adventure]]'' (2023) is a new Sanrio game created for IOS platforms and is only available through the [[Apple Arcade]] subscription.


==Publishing==
==Publishing==
Sanrio publishes many books featuring its own characters. Additionally, they publish art books (for instance, those by [[Keibun Ōta]]) and other books. Sanrio publishes books in many different languages, including Japanese and English.
Sanrio publishes many books featuring its own characters. It also publishes art books (for instance, those by [[Keibun Ōta]]). Sanrio publishes books in many languages, including Japanese and English. Sanrio published video games in the early 1990s under the name ''Character Soft''.

''''''
==References==
===Footnotes===
{{notelist}}

===Citations===
{{Reflist}}

===Bibliography===
{{refbegin}}
* {{Cite book|title=Hello Kitty: The Remarkable Story of Sanrio and the Billion Dollar Feline Phenomenon|last1=Belson|first1=Ken|last2=Bremner|first2=Brian|year=2004}}
* {{Cite book|title=Kore ga Sanrio no Himitsu desu|script-title=ja:これがサンリオの秘密です|trans-title=These are Sanrio's Secrets|last=Tsuji|first=Shintaro|language=ja|year=2000|publisher=[[Fusosha Publishing|Fusosha]]}}
{{refend}}

== Further reading ==
* {{cite book |last=Kinsella |first=Sharon |url=http://www.kinsellaresearch.com/new/Cuties%20in%20Japan.pdf |chapter=Cuties in Japan |title=Women, Media, and Consumption in Japan |editor1-first=Lise |editor1-last= Skov |editor2-first= Brian |editor2-last= Moeran |location=Richmond, Surrey; Honolulu |publisher=Curzon; University of Hawai'i Press |year=1995 |isbn=0-8248-1775-3 |id= |oclc=32547498}} {{Google books|OLXfn3_YXqgC|Women, Media, and Consumption in Japan}}.
* {{cite magazine |url=https://www.wired.com/wired/archive/7.12/cute.html |title=Cute Inc |first=Mary |last=Roach |magazine=[[Wired (magazine)|Wired]] |number=12 |date=December 1999|volume=7 }}


==External links==
==External links==
{{Commons category}}
*[http://www.sanrio.com/main/sanrio_info/historyinfo.html Sanrio's official English website]
*[http://www.sanrio.co.jp/ Sanrio's official Japanese website]
*[http://www.sanrio.com/ Official Sanrio website]
*[http://www.sanriotown.com/login/site2006/characters.php Interactive Sanrio Character List]
*[http://www.sanrio.co.jp/ Official Sanrio website] {{in lang|ja}}
*[http://www.sanriomegastore.com Sanrio Megastore Estoril]
*[http://www.sanriodigital.com Sanrio Digital]
*[http://www.bunnybass.com/e-zine/interviews/melody.shtml A 1999 "interview" with classic Sanrio character My Melody]
*[http://www.sanriotown.com/ Sanrio Internet Community]
*[http://www.sanriotown.com/ Sanrio's Internet Community Site]
*[http://www.sanrio.com/spotlight/momoberry.php Sanrio Spotlight:Momoberry]
*[http://www.momoberry.com Momoberry's official website]
*[http://www.sanriodigital.com Sanrio Digital Website]


{{Sanrio}}
[[Category:Companies of Japan]]
{{Hello Kitty|state=collapsed}}
[[Category:Companies based in Tokyo]]
{{Jewelpet}}
[[Category:Toy companies]]
{{Sega Sammy Holdings}}
{{Authority control}}


[[fr:Sanrio]]
[[Category:Sanrio| ]]
[[Category:1960 establishments in Japan]]
[[ko:산리오]]
[[Category:Branding companies]]
[[ja:サンリオ]]
[[Category:Companies listed on the Tokyo Stock Exchange]]
[[pt:Sanrio]]
[[Category:Design companies established in 1960]]
[[fi:Sanrio]]
[[Category:Entertainment companies established in 1960]]
[[sv:Sanrio]]
[[Category:Entertainment companies of Japan]]
[[zh:三麗鷗]]
[[Category:Film production companies of Japan]]
[[Category:Japanese brands]]
[[Category:Manufacturing companies based in Tokyo]]
[[Category:Manufacturing companies established in 1960]]
[[Category:Mass media companies based in Tokyo]]
[[Category:Mass media companies established in 1960]]
[[Category:Sega Sammy Holdings]]
[[Category:Toy brands]]
[[Category:Toy companies of Japan]]
[[Category:Wholesalers of Japan]]

Latest revision as of 02:45, 9 December 2024

Not to be confused with Soenario.

Sanrio Company, Ltd.
Native name
株式会社サンリオ
Company typePublic
TYO: 8136
IndustryWholesale[1]
FoundedAugust 10, 1960; 64 years ago (1960-08-10) (as Yamanashi Silk Company)
FounderShintaro Tsuji
Headquarters
Ōsaki, Shinagawa, Tokyo
,
Japan
Key people
  • Shintaro Tsuji (former President & CEO)
  • Tomokuni Tsuji (President)
Products
  • Fashion
  • Accessories
  • Gifts
  • Entertainment
  • Video games
  • Plushies
  • Toys
BrandsHello Kitty
Mr. Men
RevenueIncrease ¥72,624 million[2] (2023)
Increase ¥13,247 million[2] (2023)
Increase ¥8,225 million[2] (2023)
Total assetsIncrease ¥100,704 million[2] (2023)
Total equityIncrease ¥50,152 million[2] (2023)
Number of employees
630[3] (2023)
DivisionsKokoro
Sanriowave
THOIP
Websitesanrio.com

Sanrio Company, Ltd. (株式会社サンリオ, Kabushikigaisha Sanrio)[4] is a Japanese entertainment company. It designs, licenses, and manufactures products focusing on the kawaii ("cute") segment of Japanese popular culture. Their products include stationery, school supplies, gifts, and accessories, which are sold worldwide, including at specialty brand retail stores in Japan. Sanrio's best-known character is Hello Kitty, a cartoon cat[5][6][7] and one of the most successful marketing brands in the world.[8]

Besides selling character goods, Sanrio takes part in film production and publishing. They own the rights to the Mr. Men characters and Japanese licensing rights to the Peanuts characters. Their animatronics branch, Kokoro Company, Ltd. (kokoro being Japanese for "heart"), is best known for the Actroid android. The company also runs a KFC franchise in Saitama Prefecture.

History

[edit]
Sanrio store in Den-en-chōfu, Ōta, Tokyo

Shintaro Tsuji founded Sanrio on August 10, 1960, then known as the Yamanashi Silk Company using ¥1,000,000 in capital.[a] In 1962, Tsuji expanded his enterprise from silk to rubber sandals with flowers painted on them.[10] Tsuji noticed his success gained by merely adding a cute design to the sandals.[10] He began using existing cartoon characters for his merchandise. In the late 1960s the company began producing goods with the dog character Snoopy, from the American comic strip Peanuts, after acquiring the Japanese licensing rights.[11]

In 1973 the company was officially established under the name Sanrio. In the book Kore ga Sanrio no Himitsu Desu (これがサンリオの秘密です) or These are Sanrio's Secrets Tsuji, Sanrio's founder, said that Yamanashi (山梨), part of the company's former name, has an alternative on'yomi reading of Sanri. The remaining o was added from the ou (オウ) sound people make when they are excited.[12] The company's European website gives another origin of the name, saying the name comes from the Spanish words san ('holy') and río ('river').[13]

Tsuji hired his own designers to create characters for Sanrio, so as to not have to pay outside royalty fees.[10][14] The first original Sanrio character, Coro Chan, was introduced in 1973.[15][16] Hello Kitty was added to the lineup of early Sanrio characters in 1974 and the first related merchandise was released the following year. The popular feline whose mouth is usually invisible has had both peaks and drops in sales over the years but always has been the highest contributor to Sanrio's sales. Sanrio constantly adds new characters to its lineup. Specific characters are rotated in and out of active production.[17] For a short time, Osamu Tezuka's baby unicorn character Unico, who starred in two feature-length anime movies in the early 1980s, was also part of the Sanrio's lineup; however, the rights to Unico shifted to Osamu Tezuka's own company after Tezuka's death in 1989.

In late 2003, Sanrio won the "Top Brand with a Conscience" award from the Medinge Group of Sweden for its communication principles.[18] The company has partnered with UNICEF since 1984. In 2006, Sanrio launched Sanrio Digital together with Typhoon Games to expand to the Internet, online games, and mobile services.

Beginning with Jewelpet in 2008, Sanrio started collaborating with Sega Toys in creating characters intended to become media franchises. Subsequent collaborations include Rilu Rilu Fairilu from 2016 and Beatcats from 2020.[19][20]

2010 was Sanrio's 50th anniversary. In conjunction with this, Build-A-Bear Workshop released limited edition stuffed toys of several Sanrio characters, including Hello Kitty, Chococat, My Melody and Keroppi.[21]

Hello Kitty is alleged to be drawn in a similar style to the rabbit Miffy. On August 26, 2010, Mercis BV, representing Miffy's creator Dick Bruna brought suit against Sanrio. They claimed that one of Hello Kitty's companion characters, a rabbit named Cathy, infringes on the copyright and trademark of Miffy.[22] On November 2, 2010, a Dutch court ruled against Sanrio and ordered the company to stop marketing Cathy products in Belgium, Luxembourg, and the Netherlands.[22][23][24] Following the March 11, 2011, earthquake and tsunami in Japan, Sanrio and Mercis reached an out-of-court settlement on June 7, 2011, for Sanrio to halt production worldwide of merchandise that feature Cathy. They also jointly announced a €150,000 donation to earthquake victims.[25]

In December 2011, Sanrio Global acquired the rights to the Mr. Men characters, which includes the subsidiary Mr Men Films Ltd, taking over Chorion's THOIP company.[26][27][28]

In 2019 the European Commission fined Sanrio 6.2 million euros (approx. 6.9 million US dollars) for blocking cross-border sales of its licensed products.[29][30]

In June 2020, it was announced that the company's founder and president, Shintaro Tsuji would step down from the role and hand control of the company to his grandson, Tomokuni Tsuji. Tomokuni was just 31 at the time, making him the youngest chief executive of a listed Japanese company.[31] Shintaro Tsuji ran the company for 60 years.[32]

Locations

[edit]
Sanrio Inc. headquarters in South San Francisco

Sanrio Inc. is Sanrio's American subsidiary. Sanrio Inc. has offices in South San Francisco, California, and Torrance, California. Sanrio's first Western Hemisphere store opened in San Jose's Eastridge Mall. In 2008, Sanrio opened its high-end boutique called Sanrio Luxe in New York City's Times Square. In the Western Hemisphere, Sanrio character-branded products are sold in upwards of 13,000 locations including department, specialty, and national chain stores and over 85 Sanrio boutiques. In April 2010, the first and only Sanrio-licensed eatery (Sanrio Cafe) in the U.S. opened at Pearlridge's Downtown phase in Aiea, Hawaii.

In 2004, Sanrio Co. Ltd., expanded its license to one of its major licensee and plush suppliers Nakajima USA to include the owning and operating of all Sanrio branded stores in the US, overseeing the relationships between individual licensed stores and supplying all categories of products for the retail stores in the US and wholesale accounts.

Sanrio hosts two theme parks in Japan, Sanrio Puroland in Tama, Tokyo, and Harmonyland[33][34] in Hiji, Ōita, Kyūshū.

Characters

[edit]
Main article: List of Sanrio characters

Sanrio has created over 450 characters as of 2022, the best known of which is the white cat character Hello Kitty from 1974.[35] Other well-known characters include the pink rabbit My Melody from 1975, the frog Keroppi from 1988, the penguin Bad Badtz-Maru from 1993, the white dog Cinnamoroll from 2001, the black rabbit Kuromi from 2005, the animal series Jewelpet from 2008, the egg character Gudetama from 2013, and the red panda Aggressive Retsuko from 2015.

Notable designers of Sanrio characters include Yuko Shimizu, original designer of Hello Kitty, Yuko Yamaguchi, lead designer for most of Hello Kitty's history and Miyuki Okumura, original designer of Cinnamoroll.[36][37][38]

Since 1986 Sanrio has held the annual Sanrio Character Ranking poll where fans can vote on their favorite characters. It began in the Strawberry Newspaper (ja:いちご新聞) published by Sanrio in Japan, but now voting also takes place online.[35]

Besides their own original characters, Sanrio also owns the rights to the Mr. Men characters and Japanese licensing rights to the Peanuts characters.

Filmography

[edit]

Theatrical

[edit]

From 1977 to 1985, Sanrio produced movies through their Sanrio Films label. After A Journey Through Fairyland, Sanrio switched gears and started doing short films, OVAs, and TV shows based on their characters. In 2006, Sanrio announced they are again going to do feature-length films.

Title (English and Japanese) Release date Notes
Joe and the Rose (バラの花とジョー/ Bara no Hana to Joe) March 7, 1977 (Japan) Animated short film
Little Jumbo (小さなジャンボ/ Chiisana Jumbo) September 10, 1977 (Japan) Animated short film
Who Are the DeBolts? And Where Did They Get Nineteen Kids? September 10, 1977 (Japan)
December 7, 1977 (USA) 		Live-action documentary;
co-produced with Charles M. Schulz Creative Associates and Korty Films
The Mouse and His Child (親子ねずみの不思議な旅/Oyaro nezumi no fushingina tabi) November 18, 1977 (USA)
March 11, 1978 (Japan) 		Co-produced with Murakami Wolf;
Based on the children's book by Russell Hoban
Ringing Bell (チリンの鈴/Chirin no Suzu) March 11, 1978 (Japan)
April 8, 1983 (USA; Direct to Video) 		Animated short film;
Based on the children's book by Takashi Yanase
Olly Olly Oxen Free (also released as The Great Balloon Adventure) May 13, 1978 (Japan)
c. August 1978 (USA) 		Live-action film
Orpheus of the Stars/Metamorphoses/Winds of Change (星のオルフェウス/Hoshi no Orufeusu) May 26, 1978 (USA; as Metamorphoses)
May 3, 1979 (USA; as Winds of Change)
October 27, 1979 (Japan; as Orpheus of the Stars) 		Animated film;
Based on the poem, Metamorphoses, by Ovid
Co-produced with Columbia Pictures
The Glacier Fox[39] (キタキツネ物語/Kita-kitsune monogatari) July 15, 1978 (Japan)
January 5, 1979 (USA) 		Live-action documentary
Nutcracker Fantasy (くるみ割り人形/Kurumiwari Ningyō) March 3, 1979 (Japan)
July 6, 1979 (USA) 		Stop-motion animated film;
Based on The Nutcracker by Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky
Unico: Black Cloud, White Feather (ユニコ 黒い雲と白い羽/Kuroi Kumo Shiroi Hane) April 1979 (Japan)[40] Rejected animated pilot;
Based on the manga by Osamu Tezuka
A Tale of Africa/The Green Horizon (アフリカ物語/Afurika Monogatari) July 19, 1980 (Japan)
c. 1981 (USA; Released as The Green Horizon on television) 		Live-action film
The Fantastic Adventures of Unico (ユニコ) March 14, 1981 (Japan)
May 12, 1983 (USA; released direct-to-video) 		Animated film;
Co-production with Tezuka Productions & Madhouse;
Based on the manga by Osamu Tezuka
The Sea Prince and the Fire Child (シリウスの伝説/The Legend of Sirius) July 18, 1981 (Japan)
September 8, 1982 (USA; released direct-to-video) 		Animated film
The Ideon: A Contact (伝説巨神イデオン 接触篇/Densetsu-kyoshin ideon: Sesshoku-hen) July 10, 1982 (Japan) Animated film (compilation film based on Space Runaway Ideon)
Co-produced with Sunrise/Co-distributed by Shochiku
The Ideon: Be Invoked (伝説巨神イデオン　発動篇/Densetsu kyojin ideon: Hatsudou-hen) July 10, 1982 (Japan) Animated film (Alternate ending of the television series: Space Runaway Ideon)
Co-produced with Sunrise
Don't Cry, It's Only Thunder November 5, 1982 (USA) Live-action film
Unico in the Island of Magic (ユニコ 魔法の島へ) July 16, 1983 (Japan)
November 10, 1983 (USA; released direct-to-video) 		Animated film;
Based on the manga by Osamu Tezuka
Oshin (おしん) March 17, 1984 (Japan) Animated film;
Based on the Japanese television drama of the same name
Fairy Florence/A Journey Through Fairyland (妖精フローレンス/Yosei Florence) October 19, 1985 (Japan)
November 4, 1985 (USA; released direct-to-video) 		Animated film
My Melody no Akazukin (マイメロディの赤ずきん) July 22, 1989 (Japan) Animated film;
Part of Sanrio Anime Festival
Hello Kitty no Cinderella (ハローキティのシンデレラ)
Kiki to Lala no Aoi Tori (キキとララの青い鳥)
Pokopon no Yukai na Saiyuuki (ぽこぽんのゆかいな西遊記) July 21, 1990 (Japan) Animated film;
Part of Sanrio Anime Festival
Hello Kitty no Oyayubi Hime (ハローキティのおやゆびひめ)
Kero Kero Keroppi no Daibouken: Fushigi na Mame no ki (けろけろけろっぴの大冒険 ふしぎな豆の木)
Kero Kero Keroppi no Sanjuushi (けろけろけろっぴの三銃士) July 20, 1991 (Japan) Animated film;
Part of Sanrio Anime Festival
Hello Kitty no Mahou no Mori no Ohime-sama (ハローキティの魔法の森のお姫さま)
Tabo no Ryuuguu Hoshi Dai Tanken (たあ坊の竜宮星大探険)
Hello Kitty no Minna no Mori o Mamore! (ハローキティのみんなの森をまもれ!) January 13, 1996 (Japan) Animated film;
Part of Sanrio Anime Festival
Kero Kero Keroppi no Bikkuri! Obake Yashiki (けろけろけろっぴのびっくり! おばけやしき)
Bad Batzmaru no Ore no Pochi Sekaiichi (バッドばつ丸のオレのポチは世界一)
Mouse Story: George and Gerald's Adventure (ねずみ物語 ジョージとジェラルドの冒険) December 22, 2007 (Japan) Animated film;
Co-produced with Madhouse;
Released in a double bill with Cinnamoroll the Movie[41]
Cinnamoroll the Movie (シナモン The Movie) December 22, 2007 (Japan) Animated film;
Co-produced with Madhouse;
Released in a double bill with Mouse Story: George and Gerald's Adventure[42]
Jewelpet the Movie: Sweets Dance Princess (映画ジュエルペット スウィーツダンスプリンセス) August 11, 2012 (Japan) Animated film;
Co-produced with Sega Toys & Studio Comet
Onegai My Melody: Yū & Ai (おねがいマイメロディ) August 11, 2012 (Japan) Animated film;
Co-produced with Studio Comet
Gō-chan and his Forest Friends Moko & Marvelous Creatures May 3, 2017 (Japan) Animated film;
Co-produced with TV Asahi & Shin-Ei Animation
Gō-chan ~Moco and the Promise Made on the Ice~ March 18, 2018 (Japan) Animated film;
Co-produced with TV Asahi & Shin-Ei Animation
Jewelepet Attack Travel! May 14, 2022 Animated short film;
Co-produced with Ashi Productions

Other animation

[edit]

Sanrio began its involvement in the production of TV and direct-to-video animation during the late 1980s and early 1990s, starting with the US-made Hello Kitty's Furry Tale Theater in 1987. The character My Melody got her first starring role in an animated series in the anime television series, Onegai My Melody, which first aired on TV Osaka on April 3, 2005, and was produced by Studio Comet. The Sugarbunnies franchise was later adapted into a 7-minute short series in 2007 and was popular enough to gain two sequels.

Jewelpet was also adapted into an anime metaseries in 2009, which was also produced by Studio Comet, spanning 6 official seasons and one theatrical movie, making it the longest-running anime adaptation of a Sanrio franchise in history.

Show by Rock!!, a game by Sanrio and Geechs got an anime adaptation produced by Bones in 2015 - and was licensed in the United States by Funimation. Aggretsuko also get three animated adaptations by Fanworks, one aired on TBS and the later two were released officially on Netflix.

Variety shows

[edit]

A few children's variety shows by Sanrio aired on TV Tokyo.

  • Daisuki! Hello Kitty (1993—1994)
  • Asobou!! Hello Kitty (1994)
  • Hello Kitty to Bad Badtz-Maru (1994—1998)
  • Kitty's Paradise (1999—2011)
  • Sanrio Characters Pon Pon Jump! (2017-2020)
  • Fun Fun Kitty! (2020-2022)

Video games

[edit]

Sanrio Digital produces and publishes digital content based on Sanrio intellectual property assets like Hello Kitty, My Melody, Badtz Maru and many others. Among the games are: Hello Kitty: Roller Rescue, Hello Kitty: Birthday Adventures, and Hello Kitty Seasons. Hello Kitty Island Adventure (2023) is a new Sanrio game created for IOS platforms and is only available through the Apple Arcade subscription.

Publishing

[edit]

Sanrio publishes many books featuring its own characters. It also publishes art books (for instance, those by Keibun Ōta). Sanrio publishes books in many languages, including Japanese and English. Sanrio published video games in the early 1990s under the name Character Soft.

References

[edit]

Footnotes

[edit]
  1. ^ ¥250,000 of the capital came from Tsuji's former government colleagues, while the rest came from his government pension and personal savings.[9]

Citations

[edit]
  1. ^ "サンリオ[8136]の株価・株主優待など。". Archived from the original on December 5, 2016.
  2. ^ a b c d e "Financial Statements". Sanrio Co., Ltd. Retrieved December 8, 2023.
  3. ^ "Company Profile | About Sanrio | Sanrio". Sanrio Co., Ltd. Retrieved December 8, 2023.
  4. ^ サンリオ
  5. ^ Ashcroft, Brian (August 28, 2014). "Don't Be Silly, Hello Kitty Is a Cat". Retrieved August 29, 2014.
  6. ^ Allen, Sarah (August 29, 2014). "Is Hello Kitty a Cat? Sanrio Doesn't Know". Retrieved August 29, 2014.
  7. ^ "Hello Kitty isn't a cat!? We called Sanrio to find out!". August 28, 2014. Retrieved August 29, 2014.
  8. ^ "Hello Kitty's guide to business success – CNET News". April 2, 2015. Archived from the original on April 2, 2015. Retrieved October 31, 2023.
  9. ^ Belson & Bremner 2004, p. 38.
  10. ^ a b c "The cat who turned kawaii into cash". Asia Times. December 13, 2003. Archived from the original on February 10, 2005. Retrieved May 27, 2020.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)
  11. ^ Gomez, Edward (July 14, 2004). "How Hello Kitty Came to Rule the World / With little advertising and no TV spinoff, Sanrio's 30-year-old feline turned cute into the ultimate brand". SF Gate. Retrieved January 25, 2020.
  12. ^ Tsuji 2000.
  13. ^ "Sanrio Europe". Archived from the original on October 1, 2009. Retrieved September 14, 2009.
  14. ^ "Shintaro Tsuji, CEO, Sanrio - CNN.com". edition.cnn.com. Archived from the original on November 5, 2014. Retrieved November 7, 2022.
  15. ^ "Coro Chan | Sanrio Timeline". Archived from the original on October 25, 2020.
  16. ^ "サンリオキャラクターたちの知られざる素顔を覗き見!?【誰かに話したくなるサンリオの魅力まとめ】". April 22, 2019. Archived from the original on December 18, 2019.
  17. ^ Characters Archived December 23, 2010, at the Wayback Machine - Sanrio.com
  18. ^ "Brands with a Conscience - Past winners - 2004". Medinge Group. Archived from the original on December 17, 2010.
  19. ^ "Sanrio, Sega Toys Collaborate on Rilu Rilu Fairilu TV Anime". Anime News Network. Retrieved October 26, 2022.
  20. ^ "ニャンとかわいい☆ダンスボーカルユニット『Beatcats』公開♬". Animage. October 8, 2020. Retrieved October 24, 2020.
  21. ^ "Hello Kitty and Sanrio Friends Celebrate Sanrio's 50th Anniversary at Build-A-Bear Workshop". Business Wire. St. Louis. August 4, 2010. Archived from the original on December 4, 2014.
  22. ^ a b "Announcement of Provisional Disposition Order Against Sanrio" (PDF) (Press release). Sanrio Company, Ltd. November 4, 2010. Archived from the original (PDF) on September 30, 2011. Retrieved July 25, 2011.
  23. ^ Kollewe, Julia (November 4, 2010). "Miffy biffs Cathy in Kitty copycat case". The Guardian. London. Retrieved May 16, 2011.
  24. ^ Dawson, Chester; Kanna Takeuchi (November 4, 2010). "Miffy, Hello Kitty Take Bunny Beef to Court". Wall Street Journal. Retrieved May 16, 2011.
  25. ^ "Japan's Hello Kitty resolves bunny battle with Miffy". Radio Netherlands Worldwide. Archived from the original on June 23, 2011. Retrieved June 16, 2011.
  26. ^ Mark Sweney (December 6, 2011). "Mr Men bought by Hello Kitty owner". The Guardian. UK.
  27. ^ "'I asked my dad what a tickle looked like'". November 16, 2021. Archived from the original on November 16, 2021.
  28. ^ "Company Profile | Sanrio".
  29. ^ Abdul, Geneva (July 10, 2019). "Hello Kitty's Parent Company Fined $6.9 Million by E.U." The New York Times. Archived from the original on July 10, 2019.
  30. ^ "Press corner European Commission". Archived from the original on May 16, 2020.
  31. ^ "How Japan's youngest CEO transformed Hello Kitty". BBC News. October 31, 2024. Retrieved November 7, 2024.
  32. ^ "Hello Kitty gets a new boss after 60 years". The Guardian. Agence France-Presse. June 13, 2020. Retrieved June 13, 2020.
  33. ^ "Attractions".
  34. ^ Harmonyland Archived December 1, 2006, at the Wayback Machine
  35. ^ a b "2022 Sanrio Character Ranking Kicks Off!" (PDF). sanrio.eu. Retrieved July 6, 2022.
  36. ^ "Hello Kitty's lead designer tells the origin story of the British schoolgirl". Today. Singapore. June 21, 2016. Archived from the original on August 27, 2016.
  37. ^ Tabuchi, Hiroko (May 14, 2010). "In Search of Adorable, as Hello Kitty Gets Closer to Goodbye". NYTimes.com.
  38. ^ Dennison, Kara (November 22, 2019). "Oda Cinnamon Nobunaga Teams up with Sanrio's Cinnamoroll for Canine Collab". Crunchyroll. Retrieved October 26, 2022.
  39. ^ "The Glacier Fox (1978) - IMDb". IMDb.
  40. ^ Ettinger, Benjamin. "Pelleas.net | Masami Hata Filmography > 20". Anipages.
  41. ^ "Mouse Story: The Adventures of George & Gerald (2007) - Trivia". IMDb.
  42. ^ "Mouse Story: The Adventures of George and Gerald (2007) - Trivia". IMDb.
  43. ^ "Sanrio's Show by Rock!! Mobile Rhythm Game Gets TV Anime in 2015". May 21, 2023.

Bibliography

[edit]
  • Belson, Ken; Bremner, Brian (2004). Hello Kitty: The Remarkable Story of Sanrio and the Billion Dollar Feline Phenomenon.
  • Tsuji, Shintaro (2000). Kore ga Sanrio no Himitsu desu これがサンリオの秘密です [These are Sanrio's Secrets] (in Japanese). Fusosha.

Further reading

[edit]
[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Sanrio.
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