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July 23 in recent years
2024 (Tuesday)
2023 (Sunday)
2022 (Saturday)
2021 (Friday)
2020 (Thursday)
2019 (Tuesday)
2018 (Monday)
2017 (Sunday)
2016 (Saturday)
2015 (Thursday)

July 23 is the 204th day of the year (205th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar; 161 days remain until the end of the year.

Events

Pre-1600

811 – Byzantine emperor Nikephoros I plunders the Bulgarian capital of Pliska and captures Khan Krum's treasury.
1319 – A Knights Hospitaller fleet scores a crushing victory over an Aydinid fleet off Chios.

1601–1900

1632 – Three hundred colonists bound for New France depart from Dieppe, France.
1677 – Scanian War: Denmark–Norway captures the harbor town of Marstrand from Sweden.
1793 – Kingdom of Prussia re-conquers Mainz from France.
1813 – Sir Thomas Maitland is appointed as the first Governor of Malta, transforming the island from a British protectorate to a de facto colony.
1821 – While the Mora Rebellion continues, Greeks capture Monemvasia Castle. Turkish troops and citizens are transferred to Asia Minor's coasts.
1829 – In the United States, William Austin Burt patents the typographer, a precursor to the typewriter.
1840 – The Province of Canada is created by the Act of Union.
1862 – American Civil War: Henry Halleck becomes general-in-chief of the Union Army.
1874 – Aires de Ornelas e Vasconcelos is appointed the Archbishop of the Portuguese colonial enclave of Goa, India.
1881 – The Boundary Treaty of 1881 between Chile and Argentina is signed in Buenos Aires.^[1]
1900 – Pressed by expanding immigration, Canada closes its doors to paupers and criminals.^[2]

1901–present

1903 – The Ford Motor Company sells its first car.
1908 – The Second Constitution accepted by the Ottomans.
1914 – Austria-Hungary issues a series of demands in an ultimatum to the Kingdom of Serbia demanding Serbia to allow the Austrians to determine who assassinated Archduke Franz Ferdinand. Serbia accepts all but one of those demands and Austria declares war on July 28.
1919 – Prince Regent Aleksander Karađorđević signs the decree establishing the University of Ljubljana^[3]
1921 – The Chinese Communist Party (CCP) is established at the founding National Congress.
1926 – Fox Film buys the patents of the Movietone sound system for recording sound onto film.
1927 – The first station of the Indian Broadcasting Company goes on the air in Bombay.
1936 – In Catalonia, Spain, the Unified Socialist Party of Catalonia is founded through the merger of Socialist and Communist parties.
1940 – The United States' Under Secretary of State Sumner Welles issues a declaration on the U.S. non-recognition policy of the Soviet annexation and incorporation of three Baltic states: Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania.
1942 – World War II: The German offensives Operation Edelweiss and Operation Braunschweig begin.
1942 – Bulgarian poet and Communist leader Nikola Vaptsarov is executed by firing squad.
1943 – The Rayleigh bath chair murder occurred in Rayleigh, Essex, England.
1943 – World War II: The British destroyers HMS Eclipse and HMS Laforey sink the Italian submarine Ascianghi in the Mediterranean after she torpedoes the cruiser HMS Newfoundland.
1945 – The post-war legal processes against Philippe Pétain begin.
1952 – General Muhammad Naguib leads the Free Officers Movement (formed by Gamal Abdel Nasser, the real power behind the coup) in overthrowing King Farouk of Egypt.
1961 – The Sandinista National Liberation Front is founded in Nicaragua.
1962 – Telstar relays the first publicly transmitted, live trans-Atlantic television program, featuring Walter Cronkite.
1962 – The International Agreement on the Neutrality of Laos is signed.^[4]
1962 – Jackie Robinson becomes the first African American to be inducted into the National Baseball Hall of Fame.^[5]
1967 – Detroit Riots: In Detroit, one of the worst riots in United States history begins on 12th Street in the predominantly African American inner city. It ultimately kills 43 people, injures 342 and burns about 1,400 buildings.
1968 – Glenville shootout: In Cleveland, Ohio, a violent shootout between a Black Militant organization and the Cleveland Police Department occurs. During the shootout, a riot begins and lasts for five days.
1968 – The only successful hijacking of an El Al aircraft takes place when a Boeing 707 carrying ten crew and 38 passengers is taken over by three members of the Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine. The aircraft was en route from Rome, to Lod, Israel.
1970 – Qaboos bin Said al Said becomes Sultan of Oman after overthrowing his father, Said bin Taimur initiating massive reforms, modernization programs and end to a decade long civil war.
1972 – The United States launches Landsat 1, the first Earth-resources satellite.
1974 – The Greek military junta collapses, and former Prime Minister Konstantinos Karamanlis is invited to lead the new government, beginning Greece's metapolitefsi era.
1980 – Phạm Tuân becomes the first Vietnamese citizen and the first Asian in space when he flies aboard the Soyuz 37 mission as an Intercosmos Research Cosmonaut.
1982 – Outside Santa Clarita, California, actor Vic Morrow and two children are killed when a helicopter crashes onto them while shooting a scene from Twilight Zone: The Movie.
1983 – Thirteen Sri Lanka Army soldiers are killed after a deadly ambush by the militant Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam.
1983 – Gimli Glider: Air Canada Flight 143 runs out of fuel and makes a deadstick landing at Gimli, Manitoba.
1988 – General Ne Win, effective ruler of Burma since 1962, resigns after pro-democracy protests.
1992 – A Vatican commission, led by Cardinal Joseph Ratzinger, establishes that limiting certain rights of homosexual people and non-married couples is not equivalent to discrimination on grounds of race or gender.
1992 – Abkhazia declares independence from Georgia.
1993 – China Northwest Airlines Flight 2119 crashes during takeoff from Yinchuan Xihuayuan Airport in Yinchuan, Ningxia, China, killing 55 people.^[6]
1995 – Comet Hale–Bopp is discovered; it becomes visible to the naked eye on Earth nearly a year later.
1997 – Digital Equipment Corporation files antitrust charges against chipmaker Intel.
1999 – ANA Flight 61 is hijacked in Tokyo, Japan by Yuji Nishizawa.
1999 – Space Shuttle Columbia launches on STS-93, with Eileen Collins becoming the first female space shuttle commander. The shuttle also carried and deployed the Chandra X-ray Observatory.^[7]
2005 – Three bombs explode in the Naama Bay area of Sharm El Sheikh, Egypt, killing 88 people.
2011 – A high-speed train rear-ends another on a viaduct on the Yongtaiwen railway line in Wenzhou, Zhejiang province, China, resulting in 40 deaths.^[8]
2012 – The Solar storm of 2012 was an unusually large coronal mass ejection that was emitted by the Sun which barely missed the Earth by nine days. If it hit, it would have caused up to US$2.6 trillion in damages to electrical equipment worldwide.^[9]
2014 – TransAsia Airways Flight 222 crashes in Xixi village near Huxi, Penghu, during approach to Penghu Airport. Forty-eight of the 58 people on board are killed and five more people on the ground are injured.^[10]
2015 – NASA announces discovery of Kepler-452b by the Kepler space telescope.
2018 – A wildfire in East Attica kills at least 102 people. It’s the deadliest wildfire in the history of Greece.^[11]^[12]^[13]^[14]

Births

Pre-1600

1301 – Otto, Duke of Austria (d. 1339)
1339 – Louis I, Duke of Anjou (d. 1384)
1370 – Pier Paolo Vergerio the Elder, humanist (d. 1444 or 1445)
1401 – Francesco I Sforza, Italian husband of Bianca Maria Visconti (d. 1466)^[15]
1441 – Danjong of Joseon, King of Joseon (d. 1457)
1503 – Anne of Bohemia and Hungary (d. 1547)

1601–1900

1614 – Bonaventura Peeters the Elder, Flemish painter (d. 1652)
1635 – Adam Dollard des Ormeaux, New France garrison commander (d. 1660)
1649 – Pope Clement XI (d. 1721)
1705 – Francis Blomefield, English historian and author (d. 1752)
1713 – Luís António Verney, Portuguese philosopher and pedagogue (d. 1792)
1773 – Thomas Brisbane, Scottish general and politician, 6th Governor of New South Wales (d. 1860)
1773 – Abraham Colles, Irish anatomist (d. 1841) ^[16]
1775 – Étienne-Louis Malus, French physicist and mathematician (d. 1812)
1777 – Philipp Otto Runge, German painter and illustrator (d. 1810)
1796 – Franz Berwald, Swedish surgeon and composer (d. 1868)
1802 – Manuel María Lombardini, Mexican general and president (d. 1853)^[17]
1823 – Alexandre-Antonin Taché, Canadian archbishop and missionary (d. 1894)
1838 – Édouard Colonne, French violinist and conductor (d. 1910)^[18]
1851 – Peder Severin Krøyer, Norwegian-Danish painter (d. 1909)
1854 – Ernest Belfort Bax, English barrister, journalist, philosopher, men's rights advocate, socialist and historian (d. 1926)^[19]
1856 – Bal Gangadhar Tilak, Indian lawyer and journalist (d. 1920)
1864 – Apolinario Mabini, Filipino lawyer and politician, 1st Prime Minister of the Philippines (d. 1903)
1865 – Henry Norris, English businessman and politician (d. 1934)
1866 – Francesco Cilea, Italian composer and academic (d. 1950)
1878 – James Thomas Milton Anderson, Canadian lawyer and politician, 5th Premier of Saskatchewan (d. 1946)
1882 – Kâzım Karabekir, Turkish general and politician, 5th Speaker of the Grand National Assembly of Turkey (d. 1948)
1883 – Alan Brooke, 1st Viscount Alanbrooke, French-English field marshal and politician, Lord Lieutenant of the County of London (d. 1963)
1884 – Emil Jannings, Swiss-German actor (d. 1950)
1885 – Izaak Killam, Canadian financier and philanthropist (d. 1955)
1885 – Georges V. Matchabelli, Georgian-American businessman, created Prince Matchabelli perfume (d. 1935)
1886 – Salvador de Madariaga, Spanish historian and diplomat (d. 1978)
1886 – Walter H. Schottky, Swiss-German physicist and engineer (d. 1976)
1888 – Raymond Chandler, American crime novelist and screenwriter (d. 1959)
1891 – Louis T. Wright, American surgeon and civil rights activist (d. 1952)
1892 – Haile Selassie, Ethiopian emperor (d. 1975)
1894 – Arthur Treacher, English-American actor and television personality (d. 1975)
1895 – Aileen Pringle, American actress (d. 1989)
1898 – Daniel Cosío Villegas, Mexican historian, economist (d. 1976)
1898 – Bengt Djurberg, Swedish actor and singer (d. 1941)
1898 – Red Dutton, Canadian ice hockey player and coach (d. 1987)
1898 – Herman Kruusenberg, Estonian wrestler (d. 1970)
1898 – Jacob Marschak, Ukrainian-American economist, journalist, and author (d. 1977)
1899 – Gustav Heinemann, German lawyer and politician, 3rd President of West Germany (d. 1976)
1900 – Julia Davis Adams, American author and journalist (d. 1993)
1900 – John Babcock, Canadian-American sergeant (d. 2010)
1900 – Inger Margrethe Boberg, Danish folklore researcher and writer (d. 1957)

1901–present

1901 – Hank Worden, American actor and singer (d. 1992)
1901 – Isabel Luberza Oppenheimer, Puerto Rican brothel owner and madam in barrio Maragüez, Ponce, Puerto Rico (d. 1974)
1905 – Leopold Engleitner, Austrian author and educator (d. 2013)
1906 – Vladimir Prelog, Croatian-Swiss chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1998)
1906 – Chandra Shekhar Azad, Indian activist (d. 1931)
1912 – M. H. Abrams, American author, critic, and academic (d. 2015)
1912 – Michael Wilding, English actor (d. 1979)
1913 – Michael Foot, English journalist and politician, Secretary of State for Employment (d. 2010)
1914 – Nassos Daphnis, Greek-American painter (d. 2010)
1914 – Virgil Finlay, American illustrator (d. 1971)^[20]
1914 – Elly Annie Schneider, German-American actress (d. 2004)
1916 – Laurel Martyn, Australian ballerina and choreographer (d. 2013)
1918 – Abraham Bueno de Mesquita, Dutch comedian and actor (d. 2005)
1918 – Ruth Duccini, American actress (d. 2014)
1918 – Pee Wee Reese, American baseball player and sportscaster (d. 1999)
1921 – Calvert DeForest, American actor (d. 2007)
1922 – Damiano Damiani, Italian director and screenwriter (d. 2013)
1922 – Jenny Pike, Canadian WWII servicewoman and photographer (d. 2004)^[21]
1923 – Luis Aloma, Cuban-American baseball player (d. 1997)
1923 – Morris Halle, Latvian-American linguist and academic (d. 2018)
1924 – Gavin Lambert, English-American screenwriter and author (d. 2005)
1924 – Gazanfer Bilge, Turkish wrestler (d. 2008)
1925 – Tajuddin Ahmad, Bangladeshi politician, 1st Prime Minister of Bangladesh (d. 1975)
1925 – Quett Masire, Botswana politician, the former Vice-President of Botswana (d. 2017)
1925 – Alain Decaux, French historian and author (d. 2016)
1925 – Gloria DeHaven, American actress and singer (d. 2016)
1926 – Ludvík Vaculík, Czech journalist and author (d. 2015)
1927 – Gérard Brach, French director and screenwriter (d. 2006)
1928 – Leon Fleisher, American pianist and conductor (d. 2020)
1928 – Vera Rubin, American astronomer and academic (d. 2016)
1928 – Hubert Selby, Jr., American author and screenwriter (d. 2004)
1929 – Danny Barcelona, American drummer (d. 2007)
1929 – Lateef Jakande, Nigerian journalist and politician, 5th Governor of Lagos State (d. 2021)
1931 – Te Atairangikaahu, Māori queen (d. 2006)
1931 – Claude Fournier, Canadian director, screenwriter, and cinematographer (d. 2023)
1931 – Guy Fournier, Canadian author and screenwriter
1933 – Raimund Abraham, Austrian architect, designed the Austrian Cultural Forum (d. 2010)
1933 – Bert Convy, American actor, singer, and game show host (d. 1991)
1933 – Benedict Groeschel, American priest, psychologist, and talk show host (d. 2014)
1933 – Richard Rogers, Italian-English architect, designed the Millennium Dome and Lloyd's building (d. 2021)
1935 – Jim Hall, American race car driver
1936 – Don Drysdale, American baseball player and sportscaster (d. 1993)
1936 – Anthony Kennedy, American lawyer and jurist
1937 – Dave Webster, American football player and engineer (d. 2006)
1938 – Juliet Anderson, American porn actress and producer (d. 2010)
1938 – Ronny Cox, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and actor
1938 – Charles Harrelson, American murderer (d. 2007)
1938 – Bert Newton, Australian actor and television host (d. 2021)
1940 – Danielle Collobert, French author, poet, and journalist (d. 1978)
1940 – Don Imus, American radio host (d. 2019)
1940 – John Nichols, American novelist (d. 2023)^[22]
1940 – Tommaso Padoa-Schioppa, Italian economist and politician, Italian Minister of Finance (d. 2010)
1941 – Christopher Andrew, English historian and academic
1941 – Richie Evans, American race car driver (d. 1985)
1941 – Sergio Mattarella, Italian lawyer, judge, and politician, 12th President of Italy
1942 – Sallyanne Atkinson, Australian journalist and politician, Lord Mayor of Brisbane
1942 – Madeline Bell, American singer-songwriter
1942 – Richard E. Dauch, American businessman, co-founded American Axle (d. 2013)
1942 – Dimitris Liantinis, Greek philosopher and author (d. 1998)
1943 – Randall Forsberg, American scientist (d. 2007)
1943 – Tony Joe White, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 2018)
1944 – Dino Danelli, American drummer (d. 2022)
1944 – Maria João Pires, Portuguese pianist
1945 – Edward Gregson, English composer and educator
1945 – Jon Sammels, English footballer
1946 – Andy Mackay, English oboe player and composer
1946 – René Ricard, American poet, painter, and critic (d. 2014)
1947 – Gardner Dozois, American journalist and author (d. 2018)
1947 – David Essex, English singer-songwriter, and actor
1947 – Torsten Palm, Swedish race car driver
1947 – Robin Simon, English historian, critic, and academic
1948 – Ross Cranston, Australian-English lawyer, judge, and politician, Solicitor General for England and Wales
1948 – John Cushnahan, Northern Irish educator and politician
1948 – John Hall, American politician
1948 – Stanisław Targosz, Polish general (d. 2013)
1949 – Clive Rice, South African cricketer and coach (d. 2015)
1949 – Wasyl Medwit, Polish-born Ukrainian Greek Catholic hierarch (d. 2024)^[23]
1950 – Alex Kozinski, Romanian-born American lawyer and judge
1950 – Ian Thomas, Canadian singer-songwriter and guitarist
1950 – Blair Thornton, Canadian guitarist and songwriter
1950 – Alan Turner, Australian cricketer
1952 – Paul Hibbert, Australian cricketer and coach (d. 2008)
1952 – Bill Nyrop, American ice hockey player and coach (d. 1995)
1952 – John Rutsey, Canadian drummer (d. 2008)
1952 – Janis Siegel, American jazz singer
1953 – Graham Gooch, English cricketer and coach
1953 – Najib Razak, Malaysian politician, 6th Prime Minister of Malaysia
1957 – Jo Brand, English comedian, actress, and screenwriter
1957 – Nikos Galis, American basketball player
1957 – Theo van Gogh, Dutch actor, director, producer, and screenwriter (d. 2004)
1957 – Quentin Willson, English TV presenter, Top Gear
1958 – Ken Green, American golfer
1958 – Tomy Winata, Indonesian businessman and philanthropist, founded the Artha Graha Peduli Foundation
1959 – Nancy Savoca, American director, producer, and screenwriter
1960 – Gary Ella, Australian rugby player
1960 – Susan Graham, American soprano and educator
1960 – Al Perez, American wrestler
1961 – André Ducharme, Canadian comedian and author
1961 – Michael Durant, American pilot and author
1961 – Martin Gore, English singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer
1961 – Woody Harrelson, American actor and activist
1961 – Milind Gunaji, Indian actor, model, television show host, and author
1962 – Eriq La Salle, American actor, director, and producer
1962 – Mark Laurie, Australian rugby league player
1962 – Alain Lefèvre, Canadian pianist and composer
1963 – Slobodan Zivojinovic, Serbian tennis player
1964 – Uwe Barth, German politician
1964 – Nick Menza, German drummer and songwriter (d. 2016)
1965 – Rob Dickinson, English singer-songwriter and guitarist
1965 – Slash, English-American guitarist, songwriter, and producer
1967 – Philip Seymour Hoffman, American actor, director, and producer (d. 2014)
1968 – Elden Campbell, American basketball player
1968 – Gary Payton, American basketball player and actor
1968 – Stephanie Seymour, American model and actress
1969 – Andrew Cassels, Canadian ice hockey player and coach
1969 – Raphael Warnock, American politician and minister^[24]
1970 – Charisma Carpenter, American actress
1970 – Thea Dorn, German author and playwright
1970 – Sam Watters, American singer-songwriter and producer
1970 – Saulius Skvernelis, 13th Prime Minister of Lithuania^[25]
1971 – Dalvin DeGrate, American rapper and producer
1971 – Alison Krauss, American singer-songwriter and fiddler
1971 – Joel Stein, American journalist
1972 – Suat Kılıç, Turkish journalist, lawyer, and politician, former Turkish Minister of Youth and Sports
1972 – Floyd Reifer, Barbadian cricketer and coach
1972 – Marlon Wayans, American actor, director, producer, and screenwriter
1973 – Nomar Garciaparra, American baseball player and sportscaster
1973 – Kathryn Hahn, American actress^[26]
1973 – Fran Healy, Scottish singer-songwriter and guitarist
1973 – Monica Lewinsky, American activist and former White House intern^[27]
1973 – Himesh Reshammiya, Indian singer-songwriter, producer, actor, and director
1973 – Andrea Scanavacca, Italian rugby player and manager
1974 – Terry Glenn, American football player and coach (d. 2017)
1974 – Maurice Greene, American sprinter
1974 – Rik Verbrugghe, Belgian cyclist
1975 – Dan Rogerson, Cornish politician
1976 – Judit Polgár, Hungarian chess player
1977 – Scott Clemmensen, American ice hockey player and coach
1977 – Gail Emms, English badminton player
1977 – Néicer Reasco, Ecuadorian footballer
1977 – Shawn Thornton, Canadian ice hockey player
1978 – Stuart Elliott, Northern Irish footballer
1978 – Stefanie Sun, Singaporean singer-songwriter and pianist
1978 – Lauren Groff, American novelist and short story writer
1979 – Perro Aguayo Jr., Mexican wrestler and promoter (d. 2015)
1979 – Sotirios Kyrgiakos, Greek footballer
1979 – Richard Sims, Zimbabwean cricketer
1979 – Ricardo Sperafico, Brazilian race car driver
1979 – Cathleen Tschirch, German sprinter
1979 – Michelle Williams, American singer-songwriter and actress^[28]
1980 – Daniel McClellan, American biblical scholar and social media personality^[29]
1980 – Sandeep Parikh, American actor, director, producer, and screenwriter
1981 – Steve Jocz, Canadian singer-songwriter, drummer, and director
1981 – Dmitriy Karpov, Kazakhstani decathlete
1981 – Aleksandr Kulik, Estonian footballer
1981 – Jarkko Nieminen, Finnish tennis player
1982 – Ömer Aysan Barış, Turkish footballer
1982 – Joe Mather, American baseball player
1982 – Gökhan Ünal, Turkish footballer
1982 – Gerald Wallace, American basketball player
1982 – Paul Wesley, American actor, director, and producer
1982 – Pia Maria Wieninger, Austrian politician^[30]
1983 – Bec Hewitt, Australian actress
1983 – Aaron Peirsol, American swimmer
1983 – David Strettle, English rugby player
1984 – Walter Gargano, Uruguayan footballer
1984 – Matthew Murphy, English singer and guitarist
1984 – Brandon Roy, American basketball player
1984 – Celeste Thorson, American actress, producer, and screenwriter
1985 – Luis Ángel Landín, Mexican footballer
1986 – Aya Uchida, Japanese voice actress and singer
1986 – Nelson Philippe, French race car driver
1986 – Yelena Sokolova, Russian long jumper
1987 – Alessio Cerci, Italian footballer
1987 – Felipe Dylon, Brazilian singer
1987 – Serdar Kurtuluş, Turkish footballer
1987 – Julien Ribaudo, Belgian politician^[31]
1989 – Daniel Radcliffe, English actor^[32]
1989 – Donald Young, American tennis player^[33]
1990 – Kevin Reynolds, Canadian figure skater
1991 – Lauren Mitchell, Australian gymnast
1991 – Jarrod Wallace, Australian rugby league footballer
1992 – Danny Ings, English footballer
1996 – Alexandra Andresen, Norwegian heiress and equestrian
1996 – David Dobrik, Slovak YouTube personality^[34]
1998 – Deandre Ayton, Bahamian basketball player^[35]
2001 – Lily Phillips, British pornographic actress^[36]

2002 – Séléna Janicijevic, French tennis player^[37]^[38]
2003 – Alex Consani, Model and Influencer^[39]^[40]

Deaths

Pre-1600

955 – He Ning, Chinese chancellor (b. 898)
997 – Nuh II, Samanid emir (b. 963)
1065 – Gunter of Bamberg, bishop of Bamberg (c. 1025/1030)^[41]
1100 – Warner of Grez, French nobleman, relative of Godfrey of Bouillon
1227 – Qiu Chuji, Chinese religious leader, founded the Dragon Gate Taoism (b. 1148)
1298 – Thoros III, Armenian king (b. c. 1271)
1373 – Bridget of Sweden, Swedish mystic and saint, founded the Bridgettine Order (b. 1303)
1403 – Thomas Percy, 1st Earl of Worcester, English rebel (b. 1343)
1531 – Louis de Brézé, French husband of Diane de Poitiers
1536 – Henry FitzRoy, 1st Duke of Richmond and Somerset, English politician, Lord Lieutenant of Ireland (b. 1519)
1562 – Götz von Berlichingen, German knight and poet (b. 1480)
1584 – John Day, English printer (b. 1522)
1596 – Henry Carey, 1st Baron Hunsdon (b. 1526)

1601–1900

1645 – Michael I, Russian tsar (b. 1596)
1692 – Gilles Ménage, French lawyer, philologist, and scholar (b. 1613)
1727 – Simon Harcourt, 1st Viscount Harcourt, English politician, Lord Chancellor of Great Britain (b. 1661)
1757 – Domenico Scarlatti, Italian harpsichord player and composer (b. 1685)
1773 – George Edwards, English biologist and ornithologist (b. 1693)
1781 – John Joachim Zubly, Swiss-American pastor and politician (b. 1724)
1793 – Roger Sherman, American lawyer and politician (b. 1721)
1833 – Anselmo de la Cruz, Chilean politician, Chilean Minister of Finance (b. 1777)
1853 – Andries Pretorius, South African general (b. 1798)
1875 – Isaac Singer, American businessman, founded the Singer Corporation (b. 1811)
1878 – Carl von Rokitansky, Bohemian physician, pathologist, and politician (b. 1804)
1885 – Ulysses S. Grant, American general and politician, 18th President of the United States (b. 1822)

1901–present

1904 – John Douglas, English-Australian politician, 7th Premier of Queensland (b. 1828)
1909 – Frederick Holder, Australian politician, 19th Premier of South Australia (b. 1850)
1916 – William Ramsay, Scottish chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1852)^[42]
1919 – Spyridon Lambros, Greek historian and politician, 100th Prime Minister of Greece (b. 1851)
1920 – Conrad Kohrs, German-American rancher and politician (b. 1835)
1924 – Frank Frost Abbott, American author and scholar (b. 1850)
1926 – Viktor Vasnetsov, Russian painter (b. 1848)
1927 – Reginald Dyer, British brigadier general (b. 1864)
1930 – Glenn Curtiss, American pilot and engineer (b. 1878)
1932 – Tenby Davies, Welsh runner (b. 1884)
1936 – Anna Abrikosova, Russian linguist (b. 1882)^[43]
1941 – George Lyman Kittredge, American scholar and educator (b. 1860)
1941 – José Quiñones Gonzales, Peruvian soldier and pilot (b. 1914)
1942 – Adam Czerniaków, Polish engineer and politician (b. 1880)
1942 – Andy Ducat, English cricketer and footballer (b. 1886)
1948 – D. W. Griffith, American actor, director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1875)
1950 – Shigenori Tōgō, Japanese politician and diplomat, Japanese Minister of Foreign Affairs (b. 1882)
1951 – Robert J. Flaherty, American director and producer (b. 1884)
1951 – Philippe Pétain, French general and politician, 119th Prime Minister of France (b. 1856)
1954 – Herman Groman, American runner (b. 1882)
1955 – Cordell Hull, American captain, lawyer, and politician, 47th United States Secretary of State, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1871)
1957 – Bob Shiring, American football player and coach (b. 1870)
1966 – Montgomery Clift, American actor (b. 1920)
1968 – Henry Hallett Dale, English pharmacologist and physiologist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1875)
1970 – Eino Tainio, Finnish politician (b. 1905)^[44]
1971 – Van Heflin, American actor (b. 1910)
1972 – Esther Applin, American geologist and paleontologist (b. 1895)
1973 – Eddie Rickenbacker, American pilot and race car driver, founded Rickenbacker Motors (b. 1890)
1978 – Kamil Tolon, Turkish industrialist (b. 1912)^[45]
1979 – Joseph Kessel, French journalist and author (b. 1898)
1980 – Sarto Fournier, Canadian lawyer and politician, 38th Mayor of Montreal (b. 1908)
1980 – Keith Godchaux, American keyboard player and songwriter (b. 1948)
1980 – Mollie Steimer, Ukrainian activist (b. 1897)
1982 – Vic Morrow, American actor (b. 1929)
1983 – Georges Auric, French composer (b. 1899)
1985 – Johnny Wardle, English cricketer and manager (b. 1923)
1989 – Donald Barthelme, American short story writer and novelist (b. 1931)
1990 – Kenjiro Takayanagi, Japanese engineer (b. 1899)
1996 – Jean Muir, American actress (b. 1911)
1997 – Chūhei Nambu, Japanese jumper and journalist (b. 1904)
1999 – Hassan II of Morocco (b. 1929)
2001 – Eudora Welty, American novelist and short story writer (b. 1909)
2002 – Leo McKern, Australian-English actor (b. 1920)
2002 – William Luther Pierce, American activist and author (b. 1933)
2002 – Chaim Potok, American novelist and rabbi (b. 1929)
2002 – Clark Gesner, American author and composer (b. 1938)
2003 – James E. Davis, American police officer and politician (b. 1962)
2004 – Mehmood Ali, Indian actor, director, and producer (b. 1932)
2004 – Carlos Paredes, Portuguese guitarist and composer (b. 1925)
2004 – Piero Piccioni, Italian pianist, conductor, and composer (b. 1921)
2005 – Ted Greene, American guitarist and journalist (b. 1946)
2006 – Jean-Paul Desbiens, Canadian journalist and academic (b. 1927)
2007 – Ron Miller, American songwriter and producer (b. 1933)
2007 – Mohammed Zahir Shah, Afghan king (b. 1914)^[46]
2008 – Kurt Furgler, Swiss lawyer and politician, 70th President of the Swiss Confederation (b. 1924)
2009 – E. Lynn Harris, American author and screenwriter (b. 1955)
2010 – Daniel Schorr, American journalist and author (b. 1916)
2011 – Amy Winehouse, English singer-songwriter (b. 1983)
2012 – Margaret Mahy, New Zealand author (b. 1936)
2012 – Sally Ride, American physicist and astronaut (b. 1951)^[47]
2012 – Lakshmi Sahgal, Indian soldier and politician (b. 1914)
2012 – Esther Tusquets, Spanish publisher and author (b. 1936)
2012 – José Luis Uribarri, Spanish television host and director (b. 1936)
2013 – Rona Anderson, Scottish actress (b. 1926)^[48]
2013 – Pauline Clarke, English author (b. 1921)
2013 – Arthur J. Collingsworth, American diplomat (b. 1944)
2013 – Dominguinhos, Brazilian singer-songwriter and accordion player (b. 1941)
2013 – Emile Griffith, American boxer and trainer (b. 1938)
2013 – Kim Jong-hak, South Korean director and producer (b. 1951)
2013 – Djalma Santos, Brazilian footballer (b. 1929)
2014 – Dora Bryan, English actress and restaurateur (b. 1923)
2014 – Norman Leyden, American composer and conductor (b. 1917)
2014 – Ariano Suassuna, Brazilian author and playwright (b. 1927)
2014 – Jordan Tabor, English footballer (b. 1990)
2015 – Shigeko Kubota, Japanese-American sculptor and director (b. 1937)
2015 – Don Oberdorfer, American journalist, author, and academic (b. 1931)^[49]
2015 – William Wakefield Baum, American cardinal (b. 1926)^[50]
2017 – John Kundla, American basketball coach (b. 1916)^[51]
2022 – Zayar Thaw, Burmese politician and rapper (b. 1981)^[52]
2022 – Kyaw Min Yu, Burmese political activist (b. 1969)^[53]
2024 – Robin Warren, Australian pathologist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1937)^[54]

Holidays and observances

References

^ Lacoste, Pablo (2002). "La guerra entre Chile y Argentina: Una mirada desde Chile". Historia (in Spanish). 35: 211–249. doi:10.4067/S0717-71942002003500009.
^ Legrand, Jacques (1987). Chronicle of the 20th Century. Ecam Publication. p. 16. ISBN 0-942191-01-3.
^ "Centenary of the Founding of the University of Ljubljana". Univerza v Ljubljani. University of Ljubljana. Retrieved 9 December 2019.
^ Head, William P. (2017). "Dirty Little Secret in the Land of a Million Elephants: Barrel Roll and the Lost War". Air Power History. 64 (4): 10. ISSN 1044-016X. JSTOR 26571062.
^ "1960–1969".
^ Ranter, Harro. "ASN Aircraft accident British Aerospace BAe-146-300 B-2716 Yinchuan Airport (INC)". aviation-safety.net. Aviation Safety Network. Retrieved 2022-07-20.
^ "STS-93". science.ksc.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 2019-07-02. Retrieved 2019-07-02.
^ "First Fatal Crash on Chinese High Speed Line". Railway Gazette International. 25 July 2011. Archived from the original on 11 August 2011. Retrieved 26 February 2022.
^ Phillips, Tony (23 July 2014). "Near Miss: The Solar Superstorm of July 2012". NASA. Retrieved 6 September 2020.
^ Ranter, Harro. "ASN Aircraft accident ATR 72-212A (ATR-72-500) B-22810 Magong Airport (MZG)". aviation-safety.net. Retrieved 2019-07-15.
^ "Ανατολική Αττική: Οι πιο φονικές φωτιές του 21ου αιώνα στον κόσμο μετά από εκείνες του 2009 στην Αυστραλία". NewsIT. 25 July 2018.
^ ""Μάτι: Τα ντοκουμέντα μιλούν" – Οι συγκλονιστικοί διάλογοι της μοιραίας νύχτας | Η ΚΑΘΗΜΕΡΙΝΗ". 2 May 2019.
^ "Η δεύτερη πιο φονική πυρκαγιά στον 21ο αιώνα παγκοσμίως". 25 July 2018.
^ "102 πλέον οι νεκροί σε Ραφήνα και Μάτι – Το Μάτι μας".
^ "Francesco Sforza | duke of Milan [1401–1466]". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 15 December 2020.
^ Bettany, George Thomas (1887). "Colles, Abraham" . In Stephen, Leslie (ed.). Dictionary of National Biography. Vol. 11. London: Smith, Elder & Co.
^ "Manuel María Lombardini" (in Spanish). Presidentes.mx. Retrieved May 27, 2019.
^ Tolansky, Jon (1 January 2011). "Colonne, Édouard (Judas)". The Oxford Companion to Music. Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/acref/9780199579037.001.0001. ISBN 978-0-19-957903-7. Retrieved 25 February 2022.
^ Bax, Ernest Belfort (1920). Reminiscences and Reflexions of a Mid and Late Victorian. New York: Thomas Seltzer. p. 9.
^ Moskowitz, Samuel (1976). Strange Horizons: The Spectrum of Science Fiction. New York: Scribner. p. 249. ISBN 9780684147741.
^ "Jenny Pike – Obituary". The Times Colonist. April 21, 2004. Retrieved March 30, 2020.
^ Roberts, Sam (December 2, 2023). "John Nichols, Author of 'The Milagro Beanfield War,' Dies at 83". The New York Times. Retrieved December 3, 2023.
^ "Упокоївся у Бозі владика Василь Медвіт". Official UGCC Web Site (in Ukrainian). Retrieved 13 September 2024.
^ "U.S. Senator Raphael Warnock". United States Senate. Retrieved 9 February 2023.
^ "Prime Minister: Mr. Saulius Skvernelis". ministraspirmininkas.lrv.lt (in Lithuanian). Government of the Republic of Lithuania. Retrieved 19 July 2020.
^ Jirak, Jamie (23 July 2021). "WandaVision Fans Celebrate Kathryn Hahn's 48th Birthday". ComicBook.com. Retrieved 22 July 2023.
^ Aiken, Jonathan (August 6, 1998). "Who Is Monica Lewinsky?". CNN.
^ Martin, Annie (24 July 2018). "Destiny's Child wishes Michelle Williams a happy 38th birthday". UPI. Retrieved 22 July 2023.
^ McClellan, Dan (23 July 2020). "I turn 40 today. The coronavirus prevented any elaborate plans for my birthday, but this is still about the best possible way for me to start my day". Instagram. Dan McClellan. Retrieved 28 August 2024.
^ "Wiener Politikerinnen und Politiker: Maga Pia Maria Wieninger" (in German). Vienna, Austria: Municipal Council and Landtag of Vienna. Retrieved 21 October 2024.
^ "Les Députés: Julien Ribaudo" (in French). Brussels, Belgium: Chamber of Representatives. Retrieved 4 September 2024.
^ "Daniel Radcliffe". BFI. Archived from the original on March 21, 2017. Retrieved 9 January 2022.
^ "Donald Young | Overview | ATP Tour | Tennis". ATP Tour. Retrieved 2022-10-20.
^ Leskin, Paige. "The rise of David Dobrik, a 23-year-old YouTuber worth over $7 million who got his start making 6-second videos". Business Insider. Retrieved 2021-04-18.
^ "Deandre Ayton Stats, Height, Weight, Position, Draft ..." basketball-reference.com. Retrieved July 21, 2024.
^ Bradley, Faye (December 16, 2024). "Meet OnlyFans' Lily Phillips, who plans to bed 1,000 men in a day: the 23-year-old Brit has sparked concern again, after already sleeping with 101 men in 24 hours – but her parents support her". South China Morning Post. Retrieved January 10, 2025.
^ "Selena Janicijevic | Player Stats & More – WTA Official". Women's Tennis Association. Retrieved 2022-10-20.
^ "Selena Janicijevic - Player Profile - Tennis". Eurosport. Retrieved 2022-10-20.
^ Lavietes, Matt (December 3, 2024). "Alex Consani becomes first transgender Model of the Year at U.K. Fashion Awards". NBC News. Retrieved December 8, 2024.
^ Evans, Morgan (December 3, 2024). "Alex Consani Makes History As 2024's Model of the Year". The Cut. New York. Retrieved December 8, 2024.
^ Einar Joranson (1928). "The Great German Pilgrimage of 1064-1065". In Paetow, Louis J. (ed.). The Crusades and Other Historical Essays Presented to Dana C. Munro by his Former Students. New York: Crofts. pp. 3–43. Retrieved 21 March 2023.
^ "Who was Sir William Ramsay and how did he change the periodic table?". The Independent. 2 October 2019. Retrieved 6 September 2021.
^ Magdalene, Edith (2009-11-03). "Woman Warrior of the Month: Anna Abrikosova". The Magdalene Sisters. Retrieved 2018-11-09.
^ "Kansanedustajat: Eino Tainio" (in Finnish). Helsinki, Finland: Parliament of Finland. Archived from the original on 14 March 2019. Retrieved 14 January 2024.
^ *Yıldız, Halime [in Turkish] (May 2017). "Kamil Ö. Tolon". Bursa'da Yaşam (in Turkish). Olay Medya [tr]. p. 162.
^ "Afghanistan's King Mohammad Zahir Shah Laid to Rest", Associated Press (Fox News), 24 July 2007.
^ Former Astronaut Sally Ride Dies in La Jolla | NBC 7 San Diego Retrieved 2016-12-28.
^ Bergan, Ronald (9 August 2013). "Rona Anderson obituary". The Guardian. Retrieved 4 November 2020.
^ Roberts, Sam (July 28, 2015). "Don Oberdorfer, 84, Top Diplomatic Reporter for Washington Post, Dies". The New York Times.
^ "William Baum dead; former Catholic cardinal and Washington archbishop was 88". Newsday. Retrieved July 27, 2015.
^ Rippel, Joel (July 23, 2017). "John Kundla, former Minneapolis Lakers coach and Basketball Hall of Famer, dies at 101". Star Tribune. Retrieved July 23, 2017.
^ Helen Regan; Rhea Mogul (25 July 2022). "Myanmar junta executes leading democracy activists". Cnn.com. Retrieved 25 July 2022.
^ Helen Regan; Rhea Mogul (25 July 2022). "Myanmar junta executes leading democracy activists". Cnn.com. Retrieved 25 July 2022.
^ "Newsroom - AusBiotech Ltd". www.ausbiotech.org. Retrieved 2024-07-26.

External links

"On This Day". BBC.
The New York Times: On This Day
"Historical Events on July 23". OnThisDay.com.

[1] Lacoste, Pablo (2002). "La guerra entre Chile y Argentina: Una mirada desde Chile". Historia (in Spanish). 35: 211–249. doi:10.4067/S0717-71942002003500009.

[2] Legrand, Jacques (1987). Chronicle of the 20th Century. Ecam Publication. p. 16. ISBN 0-942191-01-3.

[3] "Centenary of the Founding of the University of Ljubljana". Univerza v Ljubljani. University of Ljubljana. Retrieved 9 December 2019.

[4] Head, William P. (2017). "Dirty Little Secret in the Land of a Million Elephants: Barrel Roll and the Lost War". Air Power History. 64 (4): 10. ISSN 1044-016X. JSTOR 26571062.

[5] "1960–1969".

[6] Ranter, Harro. "ASN Aircraft accident British Aerospace BAe-146-300 B-2716 Yinchuan Airport (INC)". aviation-safety.net. Aviation Safety Network. Retrieved 2022-07-20.

[7] "STS-93". science.ksc.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 2019-07-02. Retrieved 2019-07-02.

[8] "First Fatal Crash on Chinese High Speed Line". Railway Gazette International. 25 July 2011. Archived from the original on 11 August 2011. Retrieved 26 February 2022.

[9] Phillips, Tony (23 July 2014). "Near Miss: The Solar Superstorm of July 2012". NASA. Retrieved 6 September 2020.

[10] Ranter, Harro. "ASN Aircraft accident ATR 72-212A (ATR-72-500) B-22810 Magong Airport (MZG)". aviation-safety.net. Retrieved 2019-07-15.

[11] "Ανατολική Αττική: Οι πιο φονικές φωτιές του 21ου αιώνα στον κόσμο μετά από εκείνες του 2009 στην Αυστραλία". NewsIT. 25 July 2018.

[12] ""Μάτι: Τα ντοκουμέντα μιλούν" – Οι συγκλονιστικοί διάλογοι της μοιραίας νύχτας | Η ΚΑΘΗΜΕΡΙΝΗ". 2 May 2019.

[13] "Η δεύτερη πιο φονική πυρκαγιά στον 21ο αιώνα παγκοσμίως". 25 July 2018.

[14] "102 πλέον οι νεκροί σε Ραφήνα και Μάτι – Το Μάτι μας".

[15] "Francesco Sforza | duke of Milan [1401–1466]". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 15 December 2020.

[16] Bettany, George Thomas (1887). "Colles, Abraham" . In Stephen, Leslie (ed.). Dictionary of National Biography. Vol. 11. London: Smith, Elder & Co.

[17] "Manuel María Lombardini" (in Spanish). Presidentes.mx. Retrieved May 27, 2019.

[18] Tolansky, Jon (1 January 2011). "Colonne, Édouard (Judas)". The Oxford Companion to Music. Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/acref/9780199579037.001.0001. ISBN 978-0-19-957903-7. Retrieved 25 February 2022.

[19] Bax, Ernest Belfort (1920). Reminiscences and Reflexions of a Mid and Late Victorian. New York: Thomas Seltzer. p. 9.

[20] Moskowitz, Samuel (1976). Strange Horizons: The Spectrum of Science Fiction. New York: Scribner. p. 249. ISBN 9780684147741.

[21] "Jenny Pike – Obituary". The Times Colonist. April 21, 2004. Retrieved March 30, 2020.

[22] Roberts, Sam (December 2, 2023). "John Nichols, Author of 'The Milagro Beanfield War,' Dies at 83". The New York Times. Retrieved December 3, 2023.

[23] "Упокоївся у Бозі владика Василь Медвіт". Official UGCC Web Site (in Ukrainian). Retrieved 13 September 2024.

[24] "U.S. Senator Raphael Warnock". United States Senate. Retrieved 9 February 2023.

[25] "Prime Minister: Mr. Saulius Skvernelis". ministraspirmininkas.lrv.lt (in Lithuanian). Government of the Republic of Lithuania. Retrieved 19 July 2020.

[26] Jirak, Jamie (23 July 2021). "WandaVision Fans Celebrate Kathryn Hahn's 48th Birthday". ComicBook.com. Retrieved 22 July 2023.

[27] Aiken, Jonathan (August 6, 1998). "Who Is Monica Lewinsky?". CNN.

[28] Martin, Annie (24 July 2018). "Destiny's Child wishes Michelle Williams a happy 38th birthday". UPI. Retrieved 22 July 2023.

[29] McClellan, Dan (23 July 2020). "I turn 40 today. The coronavirus prevented any elaborate plans for my birthday, but this is still about the best possible way for me to start my day". Instagram. Dan McClellan. Retrieved 28 August 2024.

[30] "Wiener Politikerinnen und Politiker: Maga Pia Maria Wieninger" (in German). Vienna, Austria: Municipal Council and Landtag of Vienna. Retrieved 21 October 2024.

[31] "Les Députés: Julien Ribaudo" (in French). Brussels, Belgium: Chamber of Representatives. Retrieved 4 September 2024.

[32] "Daniel Radcliffe". BFI. Archived from the original on March 21, 2017. Retrieved 9 January 2022.

[33] "Donald Young | Overview | ATP Tour | Tennis". ATP Tour. Retrieved 2022-10-20.

[34] Leskin, Paige. "The rise of David Dobrik, a 23-year-old YouTuber worth over $7 million who got his start making 6-second videos". Business Insider. Retrieved 2021-04-18.

[35] "Deandre Ayton Stats, Height, Weight, Position, Draft ..." basketball-reference.com. Retrieved July 21, 2024.

[36] Bradley, Faye (December 16, 2024). "Meet OnlyFans' Lily Phillips, who plans to bed 1,000 men in a day: the 23-year-old Brit has sparked concern again, after already sleeping with 101 men in 24 hours – but her parents support her". South China Morning Post. Retrieved January 10, 2025.

[37] "Selena Janicijevic | Player Stats & More – WTA Official". Women's Tennis Association. Retrieved 2022-10-20.

[38] "Selena Janicijevic - Player Profile - Tennis". Eurosport. Retrieved 2022-10-20.

[39] Lavietes, Matt (December 3, 2024). "Alex Consani becomes first transgender Model of the Year at U.K. Fashion Awards". NBC News. Retrieved December 8, 2024.

[40] Evans, Morgan (December 3, 2024). "Alex Consani Makes History As 2024's Model of the Year". The Cut. New York. Retrieved December 8, 2024.

[41] Einar Joranson (1928). "The Great German Pilgrimage of 1064-1065". In Paetow, Louis J. (ed.). The Crusades and Other Historical Essays Presented to Dana C. Munro by his Former Students. New York: Crofts. pp. 3–43. Retrieved 21 March 2023.

[42] "Who was Sir William Ramsay and how did he change the periodic table?". The Independent. 2 October 2019. Retrieved 6 September 2021.

[43] Magdalene, Edith (2009-11-03). "Woman Warrior of the Month: Anna Abrikosova". The Magdalene Sisters. Retrieved 2018-11-09.

[44] "Kansanedustajat: Eino Tainio" (in Finnish). Helsinki, Finland: Parliament of Finland. Archived from the original on 14 March 2019. Retrieved 14 January 2024.

[45] *Yıldız, Halime [in Turkish] (May 2017). "Kamil Ö. Tolon". Bursa'da Yaşam (in Turkish). Olay Medya [tr]. p. 162.

[46] "Afghanistan's King Mohammad Zahir Shah Laid to Rest", Associated Press (Fox News), 24 July 2007.

[47] Former Astronaut Sally Ride Dies in La Jolla | NBC 7 San Diego Retrieved 2016-12-28.

[48] Bergan, Ronald (9 August 2013). "Rona Anderson obituary". The Guardian. Retrieved 4 November 2020.

[49] Roberts, Sam (July 28, 2015). "Don Oberdorfer, 84, Top Diplomatic Reporter for Washington Post, Dies". The New York Times.

[50] "William Baum dead; former Catholic cardinal and Washington archbishop was 88". Newsday. Retrieved July 27, 2015.

[51] Rippel, Joel (July 23, 2017). "John Kundla, former Minneapolis Lakers coach and Basketball Hall of Famer, dies at 101". Star Tribune. Retrieved July 23, 2017.

[52] Helen Regan; Rhea Mogul (25 July 2022). "Myanmar junta executes leading democracy activists". Cnn.com. Retrieved 25 July 2022.

[53] Helen Regan; Rhea Mogul (25 July 2022). "Myanmar junta executes leading democracy activists". Cnn.com. Retrieved 25 July 2022.

[54] "Newsroom - AusBiotech Ltd". www.ausbiotech.org. Retrieved 2024-07-26.

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