Bhakkar: Difference between revisions
Content deleted Content added
| (843 intermediate revisions by more than 100 users not shown) | |||
| Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
{{for multi|the district|Bhakkar District|other uses}} |
|||
{{Infobox City Pakistan |
|||
{{Use Pakistani English|date=November 2023}} |
|||
| official_name = Bhakkar<br /> |
|||
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2021}} |
|||
| province = [[Punjab (Pakistan)|Punjab]] |
|||
{{Infobox settlement |
|||
| n1 = 31 |
|||
| name = Bhakkar |
|||
| n2 = 38 |
|||
| settlement_type = [[City]] |
|||
| n3 = |
|||
| official_name = |
|||
| e1 = 71 |
|||
| other_name = |
|||
| e2 = 04 |
|||
| native_name = {{Nastaliq|بھكّر}}<!-- for cities whose native name is not in English --> |
|||
| e3 = |
|||
| nickname = |
|||
| code = 0453 |
|||
| motto = <!-- images and maps -----------> |
|||
| nazim = Hameed Akbar Niwani |
|||
| image_skyline = {{Photomontage |
|||
| naib nazim = |
|||
| photo1a = |
|||
| footnotes = [http://www.bhakkar.gov.pk/ '''Official City District Govt Website'''] |
|||
| photo2a = |
|||
| photo2b = |
|||
| photo3a = |
|||
| spacing = 1 |
|||
| color_border = white |
|||
| color = white |
|||
| size = 280 |
|||
}} |
}} |
||
| imagesize = |
|||
| image_caption = |
|||
| image_flag = |
|||
| flag_size = |
|||
| image_seal = |
|||
| seal_size = |
|||
| image_shield = |
|||
| shield_size = |
|||
| image_blank_emblem = |
|||
| blank_emblem_type = |
|||
| blank_emblem_size = |
|||
| image_map = |
|||
| mapsize = |
|||
| map_caption = |
|||
| pushpin_map = Punjab Pakistan#Pakistan |
|||
| pushpin_label_position = right |
|||
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in Pakistan |
|||
| pushpin_mapsize = <!-- Location ------------------> |
|||
| subdivision_type = Country |
|||
| subdivision_name = {{PAK}} |
|||
| subdivision_type1 = [[Provinces of Pakistan|Province]] |
|||
| subdivision_name1 = {{flagicon|Punjab, Pakistan}} [[Punjab (Pakistan)|Punjab]] |
|||
| subdivision_type2 = [[Divisions of Pakistan|Division]] |
|||
| subdivision_name2 = [[Mianwali Division|Mianwali]] |
|||
| subdivision_type3 = [[Districts of Pakistan|District]] |
|||
| subdivision_name3 = [[Bhakkar District|Bhakkar]] |
|||
| subdivision_type4 = |
|||
| subdivision_name4 = <!-- Politics -----------------> |
|||
| government_footnotes = |
|||
| government_type = |
|||
| leader_title1 = <!-- for places with, say, both a mayor and a city manager --> |
|||
| leader_name1 = |
|||
| leader_title2 = |
|||
| leader_name2 = |
|||
| established_title = <!-- Settled --> |
|||
| established_date = |
|||
| established_title2 = <!-- Incorporated (town) --> |
|||
| established_date2 = |
|||
| established_title3 = <!-- Incorporated (city) --> |
|||
| established_date3 = <!-- Area ---------------------> |
|||
| area_magnitude = |
|||
| unit_pref = Imperial <!--Enter: Imperial, if Imperial (metric) is desired--> |
|||
| area_footnotes = |
|||
| area_total_km2 = <!-- ALL fields dealing with a measurements are subject to automatic unit conversion--> |
|||
| area_land_km2 = <!--See table @ Template:Infobox settlement for details on automatic unit conversion--> |
|||
| area_water_km2 = |
|||
| area_total_sq_mi = |
|||
| area_land_sq_mi = |
|||
| area_water_sq_mi = |
|||
| area_water_percent = |
|||
| area_urban_km2 = |
|||
| area_urban_sq_mi = |
|||
| area_metro_km2 = |
|||
| area_metro_sq_mi = |
|||
| area_blank1_title = |
|||
| area_blank1_km2 = |
|||
| area_blank1_sq_mi = <!-- Population -----------------------> |
|||
| population_as_of = [[2023 Pakistani census|2023]] census |
|||
| population_footnotes = <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.citypopulation.de/en/pakistan/cities/|title=Punjab (Pakistan): Province and Major Cities, Municipalities & Towns - Population Statistics, Maps, Charts, Weather and Web Information|website=citypopulation.de}}</ref> |
|||
| population_note = |
|||
| population_total = 131658 |
|||
| total_type=City |
|||
| population_rank=[[List of largest cities in Pakistan|86th, Pakistan]] |
|||
| population_density_km2 = |
|||
| population_density_sq_mi = |
|||
| population_metro = |
|||
| population_density_metro_km2 = |
|||
| population_density_metro_sq_mi = |
|||
| population_urban = |
|||
| population_density_urban_km2 = |
|||
| population_density_urban_sq_mi = |
|||
| population_blank1_title = Ethnicities |
|||
| population_blank1 = |
|||
| population_blank2_title = Religions |
|||
| population_blank2 = |
|||
| population_density_blank1_km2 = |
|||
| population_density_blank1_sq_mi = <!-- General information ---------------> |
|||
| timezone = [[Pakistan Standard Time|PKT]] |
|||
| utc_offset = +5 |
|||
| timezone_DST = |
|||
| utc_offset_DST = |
|||
| coordinates = {{Coord|31|37|40|N|71|3|45|E|type:city_region:PK|display=inline,title}} |
|||
| elevation_footnotes = <!--for references: use <ref> </ref> tags--> |
|||
| elevation_m = 159 |
|||
| elevation_ft = <!-- Area/postal codes & others --------> |
|||
| postal_code_type = <!-- enter ZIP code, Postcode, Post code, Postal code... --> |
|||
| postal_code = |
|||
| area_code = |
|||
| blank_name = Calling code |
|||
| blank_info = 0453 |
|||
| blank1_name = Union councils |
|||
| blank1_info = 26 |
|||
}} |
|||
'''Bhakkar''' ({{langx|ur|{{nq|بھكّر}}}}) is the principal city of [[Bhakkar District]], [[Punjab (Pakistan)|Punjab]], [[Pakistan]]. It lies on the left bank of the [[Indus River]]. It is the 86th [[list of Pakistani cities by population|most populous city in Pakistan]]. |
|||
==Administration== |
|||
'''Bhakkar''' ([[Urdu]]: بھکر, [[Seraiki language|Seraiki]] '''Bakhar''' : بکھر) is the city principle city of [[Bhakkar District]], [[Punjab (Pakistan)|Punjab]], [[Pakistan]], and lies on the left bank of the [[Indus]] river. It has a population of almost 300,000 and was given status of district in [[1981]]. |
|||
Bhakkar is the administrative centre of Bhakkar Tehsil, which is one of the four [[tehsil]]s of the district. Bhakkar Tehsil is subdivided into 17 [[Union Councils of Pakistan|union councils]], three of which form the city of Bhakkar.<ref>[http://www.nrb.gov.pk/lg_election/union.asp?district=4&dn=Bhakkar Tehsils & Unions in the District of Bhakkar – Government of Pakistan] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120209041150/http://www.nrb.gov.pk/lg_election/union.asp?district=4&dn=Bhakkar |date=9 February 2012 }}</ref> |
|||
== Etymology == |
|||
Its original name is Bakhar as [[Sukkur|Sakhar]]. Bakhar is an old city, and said to be named after the great [[Baloch people|Baloch]] Sardar [[Bakhar Khan]]. There are some other places named Bakhar, which means town of sun-baked bricks. Some people state his name as [[Bhake Khan Baloch]], which is not correct as Bhake Khan is not a Baloch name{{Fact|date=December 2007}}. |
|||
== History == |
== History == |
||
Bhakkar was founded probably in late fifteenth century by a group of colonists from [[Dera Ismail Khan]], and is named after Bakhar Khan.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://bhakkar.dc.lhc.gov.pk/PublicPages/HistoryOfDistrict.aspx#:~:text=Bhakkar%20is%20a%20district%20in,the%20Indus%20River%20and%20Chenab | title=District Website }}</ref><ref name="IGI">[https://dsal.uchicago.edu/reference/gazetteer/pager.html?objectid=DS405.1.I34_V08_050.gif Bhakkar Town – Imperial Gazetteer of India, v. 8, p. 44.]</ref> It came under [[Humayun]]'s rule after he restored the [[Mughal Empire]] in 1555 and appointed Khan Khanan as the governor of the city alongside Multan,{{sfn|S.R. Sharma|1999}} as Multan was a province of the Mughal empire that included the city of Bhakkar.{{sfn|Ashiq Muhammad Khān Durrani|1991}} |
|||
[[Sebastien Manrique|Fray Sebastian Manrique]], a 17th-century Portuguese traveller, visited the city in 1641 and described it as the capital of Kingdom of Bhakkar.{{sfn|Zulfiqar Ahmad|1988}} |
|||
===British rule=== |
|||
[[File:Thal Canal.JPG|thumb|Thal canal that passes through Bhakkar]] |
|||
During British rule Bhakkar Town was headquarters of Bhakkar tahsil (now Bhakkar District) in [[Mianwali District]], and was on the [[North-Western Railway]] line. The municipality was created in 1874. Its income and expenditure during the ten years ending 1902-3 averaged Rs. 7,700. The income in 1903-4 was Rs. 7,500, chiefly derived from [[octroi]]; and the expenditure was Rs. 8,600. The population according to the 1901 census of India was 5,312, at that time the town contained a dispensary and a municipal vernacular middle school<ref name="IGI"/>. |
|||
=== British rule === |
|||
During British rule, Bhakkar Town was part of Bhakkar Tehsil in [[Mianwali District]]. It was located on the left bank of the [[Indus River]], and the [[North Western Railway (British India)|North-Western Railway]] line passed through it.<ref name="IGI"/> |
|||
The [[Imperial Gazetteer of India]] described the town as follows: |
The [[Imperial Gazetteer of India]] described the town as follows: |
||
{{cquote| It stands on the edge of the Thal or sandy plain overlooking the low-lying alluvial lands along; the river, a channel of which is navigable as far as Bhakkar during the floods. To the west of the town the land is low, well cultivated, and subject to inundation, while to the east the country is high and dry, treeless, and sandy. A rich extent of land irrigated from wells lies below the town, protected by embankments from inundations of the Indus, and produces two or three crops in the year. The neighbouring riverain is full of date groves and fruit gardens; and in it stands a famous mango-tree, the fruit of which used to be sent to [[Kabul]] in the old days of Afghan rule. The municipality was created in 1874. Its income and expenditure during the ten years ending 1902–3 averaged Rs. 7,700. The income in 1903-4 was Rs. 7,500, chiefly derived from [[octroi]]; and the expenditure was Rs. 8,600. The population according to the 1901 census of India was 5,312, at that time the town contained a dispensary and a municipal vernacular middle school.<ref name="IGI"/>{{Long quote|date=July 2022}}|}} |
|||
==Notable places== |
|||
{{cquote|It stands on the edge of the Thal or sandy plain overlooking the low-lying alluvial lands along; the river, a channel of which is navigable as far as Bhakkar during the floods. To the west of the town the land is low, well cultivated, and subject to inundation, while to the east the country is high and dry, treeless, and sandy. A rich extent of land irrigated from wells lies below the town, protected by |
|||
===Dilkusha Bagh=== |
|||
embankments from inundations of the Indus, and produces two or three crops in the year. The neighbouring riverain is full of date groves and fruit gardens; and in it stands a famous mango-tree, the fruit of which used to be sent to Kabul in the old days of Afghan rule.<ref name="IGI"/>|}} |
|||
{{Main|Dilkusha Bagh}} |
|||
Dilkusha Bagh is an old [[Date palm farming in Pakistan|date orchard]] in Bhakkar. It is believed to be a [[Mughal gardens|Mughal garden]] built by Humayun or [[Akbar]]. It is home to hundreds of rare [[List of date cultivars|date cultivars]], along with its common [[Zahidi (date)|Basra dates]].<ref>Bhakkar District Official Website{{cite web |url=http://www.bhakkar.com.pk/History-Of-Bhakkar.htm |title=Bhakkar |access-date=2016-10-22 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161128224148/http://www.bhakkar.com.pk/History-Of-Bhakkar.htm |archive-date=28 November 2016 }}</ref> |
|||
=== |
===Karna oil=== |
||
Bhakkar is known for production of Karna oil from Karna flowers. The flowers are used in a multitude of ways, but the most common use is to make oil. Its essence is extracted and added to mustard oil while cloves, cardamom, jasmine and other spices are also added to the mixture. The resulting product is called ‘karna oil’ and is thought to be a quality product for treating a wide array of hair-related issues such as dandruff and unnecessary shedding.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://tribune.com.pk/story/1987678/karna-flower-hidden-treasure |title=karna oil treasure|date=8 June 2019}}</ref> |
|||
{{Confusing|date=December 2007}} |
|||
The town has some historical places like the [[Dilkusha Bagh]] which is believed by some to be a [[Mughal]] garden built by [[Humayun]], however Humayun never visited the area, on his retreat to [[Iran]], he went to another [[Bakhar]] in [[Sindh]] to seek help from [[Mahmood Khan]], which was however denied by [[Henry Raverty]]{{Fact|date=December 2007}}. |
|||
The old town was walled and had the Tavela, Imamanwala and King Gates, of the three the King Gate, which was built during the British period and was named after Mr King the then Deputy Commissioner of the [[Mianwali District]], survives - since the end of colonial rule it has been renamed as the [[Jinnah Gate]] |
|||
There are remains of a handera (tomb) near Sheikh Raoo bridge, which is believed to be the burial place of Bakhar Khan, the founder of the city. The present police station was originally a [[Baloch people|Baloch]] fortress. Some 30 years ago a branch of River [[Indus]] flowed past the town. West side of the town was green and pleasant. |
|||
This is a very scarce silver coin belonging to the reign of [[Nadir Shah]] 1148-1160 AH (1735-1747) of the Afsharid dynasty. It is an Indian type minted during his post-occupation of. It is listed by type as Album #2744.2 (Type D). It weighs 11.3 gr. (18 mm.) and minted in the city of Bhakkar in the state of Punjab in India, dated 1157AH. |
|||
==Notable people== |
|||
*'''Chhina Family (A Jut Family):''' ,<ref> Khalid Perdesi "Major Jut Cast", page 112. Saraki Press, 1995.</ref>, is very prominent. |
|||
*'''Major Engineer Malik Muhammad Waqar Yasin Chhina (1st Army Engineer Officer of Bhakkar in Pak Army)''', |
|||
*'''Malik Ghulam Yasin Chhina (Senior Advocate of Bhakkar - Law)''', |
|||
'''Malik Muhammad Numan Yasin Chhina (Advocate of High Court, the one of ancient bar of asia - Law)'''. |
|||
'''Bhatti Family:''' It is also the prominent family because of one person Ramzan Bhatti. Which are present on the pillar post in Pakistan. Which serve as collector in customs. |
|||
'''Naizi Family''' Niazi here in bhakkar are those which leave Mianiwala district because of clashes or family problems & migrated to bhakkar (because bhakkar is peaceful city). A great contribution in Army & Police also. |
|||
Poets and writters |
|||
== poet and writters == |
|||
==Administration== |
|||
Bhakkar city is also the administrative centre of Bhakkar tehsil one of the four [[tehsil]]s of the district. Bhakkar tehsil is further divided into 17 [[Union Councils of Pakistan|Union Councils]], Bhakkar city itself is divided into three Unions<ref>[http://www.nrb.gov.pk/lg_election/union.asp?district=4&dn=Bhakkar Tehsils & Unions in the District of Bhakkar - Government of Pakistan]</ref> |
|||
== Colleges == |
|||
*Govt.College Bhakkar |
|||
*Govt. College Darya Khan, Bhakkar |
|||
*Govt. Degree College Jandanwala, Bhakkar |
|||
*Govt.College of Commerce Bhakkar |
|||
*District Public School and Interscience college bhakkar |
|||
*Govt.Girls College Bhakkar |
|||
== High Schools == |
|||
*Govt.Model High School Bhakkar |
|||
*Govt.CTTM high school Bhakkar |
|||
*Govt.MC high School Bhakkar |
|||
*Govt.Girls Higher Secondary school Bhakkar |
|||
== Hospitals and Medical Centres == |
|||
District Headquarter Hospital bhakkar |
|||
*Safdar Hospital |
|||
*Sidiq Medical Complex |
|||
*Nasir Hospital |
|||
*Jatial Hospital |
|||
== Specialities == |
|||
*Bakhars famous souvnir was '''Karna oil''', which was extracted fron karna flower. |
|||
*'''''CHANNA''''' is the major crop here |
|||
*'''''Karna''''' is the Special Local Hair Oil here which is also Exported to Middle East. |
|||
Dr.Noman Muzaffar Awan s/o Malik Muzaffar |
|||
== Industry == |
|||
* A Textile Mills "Colony Thal Textile Mills Ltd.,Ismailpur BHAKKAR" working since 1956. |
|||
* A Sugar Mill "[[Fecto Sugar Mills Limited]]., Darya Khan". |
|||
== Population == |
|||
*Bakhar now is a bustling town, with population of more than three hundred thousand. |
|||
== Castes == |
|||
Major castes or ''Zaats'' in Bhakkar are: Niwani, Shahani, Awan, Kuhawar, Chap, Arain, Chheena, Chaddu, Pushia, Naich, Soha, Khan, Rawn, Miana, Aolakh, Rana, Rao, Chohdhari, Qureshi and Sayyed. |
|||
== Language == |
|||
[[Seraiki language|Seraiki]] is the most dominant language of the district. The district has a population of over one million. |
|||
*Its area consists of riverine tract along Indus called Kacha and the [[Thal]] anciently called [[Chol-e-Jalali]]. The most of its area comprises greater thal. |
|||
*[[Mankera]] in centre of [[The Great Thal]] is a place of great antiquity. The '''old fort''' here; a historical heritage, is a great land mark of [[Thal]] needs preservation. Another old place in the district is [[Kallurkot]]. Bakhar is part of [[Seraiki people|Seraiki]] [[Wasaib]] in western [[Punjab (Pakistan)|Punjab]]. |
|||
==References== |
==References== |
||
{{reflist}} |
{{reflist}} |
||
==Bibliography== |
|||
{{refbegin}} |
|||
* {{citation |author=S.R. Sharma |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OnP0Lcp0TGoC&pg=PA87 |title=Mughal Empire in India: A Systematic Study Including Source Material, Volume 1|date=1999|publisher=Atlantic Publishers & Dist|isbn=978-8-17-156817-8 |pages=124–235}} |
|||
* {{citation |author=Zulfiqar Ahmad |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=SHgtAAAAMAAJ |title=Notes on Punjab and Mughal India: Selections from Journal of the Punjab Historical Society|date=1988 |publisher=[[The University of Michigan]]|pages=333–338}} |
|||
* {{citation |author=Ashiq Muhammad Khān Durrani |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=mucqAAAAIAAJ |title=History of Multan: from the early period to 1849 A.D.|date=1991|publisher=Vanguard|isbn=978-8-17-156817-8 |page=51}} |
|||
{{refend}} |
|||
== External links == |
== External links == |
||
* {{Official website|https://www.malikhassanzayn.tk/}} |
|||
* [http://www.bhakkar.gov.pk/ Official website] |
|||
[[Category:Populated places in Bhakkar District]] |
|||
{{coor title dm|31|38|N|71|04|E|region:PK_type:city}} |
|||
[[Category:Cities in Punjab (Pakistan)]] |
|||
[[Category:Cities and towns in Punjab (Pakistan)]] |
|||
[[Category:Bhakkar District]] |
[[Category:Bhakkar District]] |
||
[[hi:भक्कर]] |
|||
[[pt:Bhakkar]] |
|||
[[sv:Bhakkar]] |
|||
Latest revision as of 03:48, 26 October 2024
Bhakkar
بھكّر | |
|---|---|
  Bhakkar Location in Pakistan  Bhakkar Bhakkar (Pakistan) | |
| Coordinates: 31°37′40″N 71°3′45″E / 31.62778°N 71.06250°E | |
| Country |  Pakistan |
| Province |  Punjab |
| Division | Mianwali |
| District | Bhakkar |
| Elevation | 522 ft (159 m) |
| Population | |
• City | 131,658 |
| • Rank | 86th, Pakistan |
| Time zone | UTC+5 (PKT) |
| Calling code | 0453 |
| Union councils | 26 |
Bhakkar (Urdu: بھكّر) is the principal city of Bhakkar District, Punjab, Pakistan. It lies on the left bank of the Indus River. It is the 86th most populous city in Pakistan.
Administration
[edit]Bhakkar is the administrative centre of Bhakkar Tehsil, which is one of the four tehsils of the district. Bhakkar Tehsil is subdivided into 17 union councils, three of which form the city of Bhakkar.[2]
History
[edit]Bhakkar was founded probably in late fifteenth century by a group of colonists from Dera Ismail Khan, and is named after Bakhar Khan.[3][4] It came under Humayun's rule after he restored the Mughal Empire in 1555 and appointed Khan Khanan as the governor of the city alongside Multan,[5] as Multan was a province of the Mughal empire that included the city of Bhakkar.[6]
Fray Sebastian Manrique, a 17th-century Portuguese traveller, visited the city in 1641 and described it as the capital of Kingdom of Bhakkar.[7]
British rule
[edit]During British rule, Bhakkar Town was part of Bhakkar Tehsil in Mianwali District. It was located on the left bank of the Indus River, and the North-Western Railway line passed through it.[4]
The Imperial Gazetteer of India described the town as follows:
It stands on the edge of the Thal or sandy plain overlooking the low-lying alluvial lands along; the river, a channel of which is navigable as far as Bhakkar during the floods. To the west of the town the land is low, well cultivated, and subject to inundation, while to the east the country is high and dry, treeless, and sandy. A rich extent of land irrigated from wells lies below the town, protected by embankments from inundations of the Indus, and produces two or three crops in the year. The neighbouring riverain is full of date groves and fruit gardens; and in it stands a famous mango-tree, the fruit of which used to be sent to Kabul in the old days of Afghan rule. The municipality was created in 1874. Its income and expenditure during the ten years ending 1902–3 averaged Rs. 7,700. The income in 1903-4 was Rs. 7,500, chiefly derived from octroi; and the expenditure was Rs. 8,600. The population according to the 1901 census of India was 5,312, at that time the town contained a dispensary and a municipal vernacular middle school.[4][excessive quote]
Notable places
[edit]Dilkusha Bagh
[edit]Dilkusha Bagh is an old date orchard in Bhakkar. It is believed to be a Mughal garden built by Humayun or Akbar. It is home to hundreds of rare date cultivars, along with its common Basra dates.[8]
Karna oil
[edit]Bhakkar is known for production of Karna oil from Karna flowers. The flowers are used in a multitude of ways, but the most common use is to make oil. Its essence is extracted and added to mustard oil while cloves, cardamom, jasmine and other spices are also added to the mixture. The resulting product is called ‘karna oil’ and is thought to be a quality product for treating a wide array of hair-related issues such as dandruff and unnecessary shedding.[9]
References
[edit]- ^ "Punjab (Pakistan): Province and Major Cities, Municipalities & Towns - Population Statistics, Maps, Charts, Weather and Web Information". citypopulation.de.
- ^ Tehsils & Unions in the District of Bhakkar – Government of Pakistan Archived 9 February 2012 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ "District Website".
- ^ a b c Bhakkar Town – Imperial Gazetteer of India, v. 8, p. 44.
- ^ S.R. Sharma 1999.
- ^ Ashiq Muhammad Khān Durrani 1991.
- ^ Zulfiqar Ahmad 1988.
- ^ Bhakkar District Official Website"Bhakkar". Archived from the original on 28 November 2016. Retrieved 22 October 2016.
- ^ "karna oil treasure". 8 June 2019.
Bibliography
[edit]- S.R. Sharma (1999), Mughal Empire in India: A Systematic Study Including Source Material, Volume 1, Atlantic Publishers & Dist, pp. 124–235, ISBN 978-8-17-156817-8
- Zulfiqar Ahmad (1988), Notes on Punjab and Mughal India: Selections from Journal of the Punjab Historical Society, The University of Michigan, pp. 333–338
- Ashiq Muhammad Khān Durrani (1991), History of Multan: from the early period to 1849 A.D., Vanguard, p. 51, ISBN 978-8-17-156817-8