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{{Short description|Brazilian heavy metal vocalist and guitarist}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=July 2022}}
{{BLP sources|date=September 2020}}
{{Infobox musical artist
{{Infobox musical artist
| Name = Max Cavalera
| name = Max Cavalera
| Img = Soulfly-max-2005.jpg
| image = Soulfly With Full Force 2018 03 (cropped).jpg
| caption = Cavalera performing in 2018
| Img_capt = Performing with Soulfly at the [[Pinkpop Festival]] in [[Landgraaf]], [[Netherlands]] on June 6, 2006
| birth_name = Massimiliano Antonio Cavalera
| Background = solo_singer
| alias = Max Possessed
| Birth_name = Massimiliano Antonio Cavalera
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|df=yes|1969|8|4}}<ref>{{Cite book|last=Larkin|first=Colin|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_NNmFiUnSmUC&q=%22cavalera%22+1969&pg=RA1-PA1882|title=The Encyclopedia of Popular Music|date=May 27, 2011|publisher=Omnibus Press|isbn=978-0-85712-595-8}}</ref>
| Born = {{birth date and age|1969|8|4}}<br />[[Belo Horizonte]], [[Brazil]]
| birth_place = [[Belo Horizonte]], [[Minas Gerais]], Brazil
| Died =
| death_date =
| Genre = [[Death metal]], [[Heavy metal music|Heavy metal]], [[Thrash metal]], [[Nu metal]], [[Groove metal]]
| genre = {{flatlist|
| Occupation = [[Musician]]
* [[Thrash metal]]
| Years_active = 1984-present
* [[death metal]]
| Instrument = [[Singer|Vocals]], [[Guitar]], [[Berimbau]]
* [[groove metal]]
| Label = [[Roadrunner Records]]
* {{nowrap|[[nu metal]]}}
| Associated_acts = [[Sepultura]], [[Nailbomb]], [[Soulfly]], [[Cavalera Conspiracy]]
}}
| URL = [http://www.soulfly.com/ Soulfly Official Site]
| occupation = {{flatlist|
| Notable_instruments = [[ESP Guitars|ESP Max Cavalera AX signature model]]
* Musician
* singer
* songwriter
}}
| years_active = 1984–present
| instrument = {{flatlist|
* Vocals
* guitar
}}
| current_member_of = {{flatlist|
* [[Soulfly]]
* [[Cavalera Conspiracy]]
* [[Killer Be Killed]]
* Metal All Stars
* Go Ahead and Die
}}
| past_member_of = {{flatlist|
* [[Sepultura]]
* [[Nailbomb]]
* [[Roadrunner United]]
* Guerrilha
}}
| website = {{URL|cavaleraconspiracy.net}}
}}
}}


''' Massimiliano Antonio "Max" Cavalera''' is a [[Brazilian American]] singer/guitarist/songwriter of [[Italian people|Italian]] heritage from [[Belo Horizonte]], [[Brazil]]. He was the lead vocalist and rhythm guitarist for the [[heavy metal music|metal]] band [[Sepultura]], before forming [[Soulfly]] in the late [[1990s]]. Cavalera was also involved in a short-lived side project [[Nailbomb]]. Cavalera is currently performing with [[Soulfly]] and [[Cavalera Conspiracy]].
'''Massimiliano Antonio''' "'''Max'''" '''Cavalera''' ({{IPA|pt|masimiliˈɐnu ɐ̃ˈtonju kɐvɐˈleɾɐ}}; born 4 August 1969) is a Brazilian musician. He co-founded the [[Heavy metal music|heavy metal]] band [[Sepultura]] in 1984 with his brother [[Igor Cavalera]], and was the band's lead singer and rhythm guitarist until his departure in 1996. He currently plays in the heavy metal bands [[Soulfly]], [[Cavalera Conspiracy]], [[Killer Be Killed]] and Go Ahead and Die. Cavalera was also involved in a short-lived side project called [[Nailbomb]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.loudersound.com/features/nailbombs-point-blank-the-explosive-legacy-of-90s-metals-greatest-supergroup|title = Nailbomb's Point Blank: The explosive legacy of 90s metal's greatest supergroup|date = August 31, 2020}}</ref>


== Biography ==
== Career and influences ==
Max Cavalera's father, Graziano Cavalera, was an employee of the Italian Consulate in [[Belo Horizonte]]. He died at 41 years of age, when Max was nine years old. Cavalera's family was in a state of financial crisis and family turbulence when he formed [[Sepultura]] with his younger brother [[Igor Cavalera|Igor]], in the bohemian neighborhood of Santa Tereza in [[Belo Horizonte]]. He moved to [[São Paulo]] in 1989 together with the other members of the band, and shared an apartment in [[Santa Cecília (district of São Paulo)]]. In 1992, he relocated to [[Phoenix, Arizona]]. He did not begin to make spiritual music until after he quit Sepultura. His earlier lyrics for Soulfly were influenced by religion and [[spirituality]], though he is critical of religion. His later albums, starting with ''[[Dark Ages (album)|Dark Ages]]'', began to incorporate lyrical themes of violence, warfare, anger and hatred. His albums have all been dedicated to God, and he has often been depicted by the press as a man of religion, especially in the United States, something that Cavalera himself says he does not understand:


<blockquote>I do hate a lot of "religion", but people like Christ – yeah they inspire me. I mean if you look at Christ, He was hanging around with the lowlifes, prostitutes and the losers you know, not going around with those [[upper class|high society]] motherfuckers you see trying to sell Jesus today!<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.musicomh.com/interviews/soulfly-2_0306.htm |title=Soulfly : interview |website=Musicomh.com |access-date=2011-11-02}}</ref></blockquote>
His father Graziano Cavalera was the [[Italy|Italian]] Ambassador to Brazil, Graziano and his family stayed in Brazil after his tenure as ambassador ended and Graziano is buried in Belo Horizonte.


When asked in an interview whether he was a Christian and whether Soulfly was a Christian band, he said:
He formed [[Sepultura]] with [[Jairo Guedes]], Paulo Pinto and his younger brother [[Igor Cavalera]]. During the early days of Sepultura, his name was Max Possessed.


<blockquote>No. I mean, if I was a Christian I would wear all these different kinds of omens. Because Christian people are so close-minded. A priest would not accept that. So I don't like the concept of Christianity in terms of being so close-minded. It is the same with music. Sometimes I compare preachers to close-minded musicians or close-minded listeners, who only like one kind of music. Some preachers are the same. And they don't tolerate Hindus, Buddhists or whatever. Only them. It's bullshit. So Soulfly is not a Christian band at all. Very much opposite. But we are very spiritual. Spiritual has nothing to do with Christianity anyway. It has been here since the beginning of time.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.soulflyweb.com/interviews/interview0504.html|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080409205813/http://www.soulflyweb.com/interviews/interview0504.html|url-status=dead|title=Interview: Max Cavalera|archive-date=April 9, 2008}}</ref></blockquote>
In the early [[1990s]] he relocated to [[Phoenix, Arizona|Phoenix]], [[Arizona]] [[U.S.A.]], with his American wife/manager Gloria, and is now a U.S. citizen. He did not become a born-again Christian after he quit Sepultura, as some say. He is simply influenced by religion and spirituality as a whole. His music explores religious topics, often with a very critical tongue. As his albums have all been dedicated to God, he has often been depicted by the press as a man of religion, especially in America; something that Cavalera himself cannot understand. As he himself put it:


In another interview, he was asked about the [[Varg Vikernes]] church burnings. He quoted, "I support church burnings 100 percent, but why don't we just burn everything. Mosques, temples, all religious buildings."<ref>{{cite web|title=SOULFLY on church burnings|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=T_JparJCZAw|website=Youtube| date=November 27, 2009 |publisher=TV2 Norway (2009)|access-date=November 16, 2017}}</ref> However, he later claimed his views changed about the church burnings and called them "too violent". He has stated that he does believe in God, "But it might be different than the God the preacher preaches about."{{Citation needed|date=September 2013}}
{{Cquote
|I do hate a lot of 'religion' but people like [[Christ]] - yeah they inspire me. I mean if you look at Christ, He was hanging around with the lowlifes, prostitutes and the losers you know, not going around with those [[high society]] motherfuckers you see trying to sell Jesus today!<ref>[http://www.musicomh.com/interviews/soulfly-2_0306.htm Soulfly : interview<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref>
}}


Of enduring influence to his music, is the untimely death of his stepson, Dana Wells, who was killed in a car crash<ref>{{Cite web |last=Holthouse |first=David |title=For Reasons Unknown |url=https://www.phoenixnewtimes.com/news/for-reasons-unknown-6421469 |access-date=2023-01-31 |website=Phoenix New Times |language=en}}</ref> after the release of ''[[Roots (Sepultura album)|Roots]]'' in 1996. The songs "[[Bleed (Soulfly song)|Bleed]]", "First Commandment", "Pain", "Tree of Pain" and "Revengeance" are tributes to Wells, as well as [[Deftones]]' song "Headup", in which Cavalera featured and co-wrote. He reunited with his brother Igor, in their band [[Cavalera Conspiracy]], and wrote and performed on Soulfly's ''[[Conquer (Soulfly album)|Conquer]]'', released in 2008.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.fangoria.com/musick/musick-news/3872-exclusive-talking-music-a-horror-with-max-cavalera-of-soulfly.html|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090916060001/http://www.fangoria.com/musick/musick-news/3872-exclusive-talking-music-a-horror-with-max-cavalera-of-soulfly.html|url-status=dead|title=Exclusive: Talking Music & Horror with Max Cavalera of SOULFLY|archive-date=September 16, 2009}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=A Conversation with the Cavalera Conspiracy and Soulfly Vocalist|url=http://heavymetal.about.com/od/interviews/a/maxcavalera.htm|website=Heavymetal.about.com|access-date=May 23, 2012}}</ref>
Allmusic also states that he has been interested in making music to cover up his depression.


Cavalera appears in the 2009 video game ''[[Grand Theft Auto IV: The Lost and Damned]]'' as himself on the ingame radio station [[Grand Theft Auto IV soundtrack#LCHC – Liberty City Hardcore|LCHC]].
Max has recently stated that he has reunited with his brother [[Igor Cavalera|Igor]], in their new band [[Cavalera Conspiracy]]. Cavalera Conspiracy features Max Cavalera on vocals and rhythm guitar, Igor Cavalera on drums, Soulfly guitarist [[Marc Rizzo]] and [[Joe Duplantier]] from [[Gojira]] on bass. Cavalera Conspiracy's debut record ''[[Inflikted]]'' is currently expected to be released by Roadrunner Records on March 25, 2008. [[Rex Brown]] from [[Pantera]] and [[Down (band)|Down]] cameos on bass on one track, and another track features a collaboration with Max, Joe and Richie Cavalera (Incite) on vocals. Recording for ''Inflikted'' took place this past July at Undercity Studios in Los Angeles, with [[Logan Mader]] (ex-[[Machine Head]] guitarist) of the Dirty Icon Production team, and mixing at Undercity has just finished. Among the 11 songs set to appear are: "Inflikted", "Bloodbrawl", "Terrorize", "The Doom Of All Fires", "Ultra-Violent", and "Sanctuary". A B-side cover of the [[Possessed (band)|Possessed]]'s "The Exorcist" was also recorded.


In 2013, Cavalera released his autobiography, titled ''My Bloody Roots''; his co-writer was the British author [[Joel McIver]] and the book's foreword was written by [[Dave Grohl]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.roadrunnerrecords.com/blabbermouth.net/news.aspx?mode=Article&newsitemID=166066 |title=MAX CAVALERA's Autobiography To Include Foreword By DAVE GROHL |website=Blabbermout.neth |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111115044306/http://www.roadrunnerrecords.com/blabbermouth.net/news.aspx?mode=Article&newsitemID=166066 |archive-date=November 15, 2011 }}</ref>
== Instruments ==


== Guitar style ==
Cavalera plays an [[ESP Guitars|ESP]] 4 String signature guitar, and in the past with Sepultura, A [[B.C. Rich]] Warlock. Designed to his specifications and based on the Viper design, the guitar features a Seymour Duncan SH6 Distortion pickup, and is adorned with his signature Brazilian flag graphic. A budget version is sold under the LTD moniker, which has a stock pickup and lacks the flag design. There is another signature guitar produced by ESP. This white guitar features Soulfly logo inlays and is based on the AX model.
[[File:Sepultura Max Cavalera.jpg|thumb|upright|Cavalera in 1989]]
Cavalera is known for playing his six-string guitar with only four strings; with the B and high E (2nd and 1st) strings opted out. The inspiration struck when he broke both strings one day and he did not bother to replace them. A friend later commented that the guitar looked better without them, thus it became his trademark.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Guitar.com |title=Max Cavalera (Soulfly) interview about his guitar style (pt.1 of 2) |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oMkZx1Mp_rY |website=YouTube |date=May 12, 2007 |access-date=April 8, 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Fox |first1=Darrin |title=Max Cavalera |url=https://www.guitarplayer.com/miscellaneous/max-cavalera |website=Guitar Player |access-date=April 8, 2019}}</ref> Cavalera used to play with three strings, but eventually started playing with four due to Andreas Kisser writing a Sepultura song that required another string.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eqMAESJk1aA | title=Max Cavalera & Andreas Kisser - Lix 'n' trix (German subtitles) | website=[[YouTube]] | date=April 12, 2013 }}</ref> He did return to using three temporarily with his project [[Nailbomb]].<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=T4lneG4eOUc | title=Nailbomb - Interview and World of Shit live at the Dynamo Festival 1995 | website=[[YouTube]] | date=December 21, 2013 }}</ref>


== Personal life ==
While his signature guitars are shipped fully strung with six strings, Cavalera's own guitar is only strung with four. He also used a series of [[Gibson SG]] guitars during his later years in Sepultura and on the first two Soulfly albums and the tours that supported them.
Since 1992, Cavalera has lived in [[Phoenix, Arizona]] with his wife Gloria and their five children. Three of his sons are also active in music, with Richie fronting [[Incite (band)|Incite]] and Igor and Zyon performing in [[Lody Kong]]. Jason tours as Zyon's drum tech, amongst other various duties behind the scenes. In 2012 and 2013, Zyon toured with Soulfly after [[David Kinkade]]'s retirement, and now he is a regular member as drummer. Igor briefly filled in as bassist for Soulfly in 2015 after [[Tony Campos]] left the band, and toured as keyboardist and co-vocalist during Soulfly's ''Point Blank'' Tour.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://loudwire.com/max-cavalera-universal-healthcare-diabetes-fund/|title=Max Cavalera Backs Universal Healthcare: 'Take Care of Your Own'|first=Joe|last=DiVita|website=Loudwire|date=November 10, 2017 }}</ref>

In 2022, Cavalera attracted criticism after a 2014 clip resurfaced of him telling a [[Moscow]] crowd that he supported the internationally unrecognised [[Russian occupation of Crimea|Russian annexation of Crimea]].<ref>[https://metaladdicts.com/max-cavalera-criticized-by-fans-for-supporting-russia/ Max Cavalera criticized by fans for supporting Russia] Metal Addicts</ref>

On July 5, 2023, Cavalera announced that his mother Vania had died.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://loudwire.com/max-iggor-cavalera-mother-death/#:~:text=Max%20%2B%20Iggor%20Cavalera%20Mourn%20the%20Death%20of%20Their%20Mother%2C%20Vania%20Cavalera&text=This%20week%2C%20the%20prolific%20heavy,She%20was%2080.|title=Max and Igor Cavalera mourn their 80 Year old Mother|website=[[Loudwire]] |date=July 6, 2023 }}</ref>

Cavalera is a fan of the [[Palmeiras]] and [[Detroit Lions]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.detroitlions.com/|title=The Official Site of the Detroit Lions|website=Detroitlions.com}}</ref>


== Collaborations ==
== Collaborations ==
[[File:Cavalera Conspiracy 014.jpg|thumb|upright|Cavalera with [[Cavalera Conspiracy]] at the [[Eurockéennes]] festival in France, 2008]]
He has collaborated with many different artists whilst in both [[Sepultura]] and [[Soulfly]]. [[As of 2006|Of late]] he joined forces with former [[Nirvana (band)|Nirvana]] [[drummer]] and [[Foo Fighters]]' frontman [[Dave Grohl]] to produce "''Red War''" which appeared on the self-titled release of Dave Grohl's metal project, [[Probot (band)|Probot]].
Cavalera has collaborated with many different artists while in Sepultura and Soulfly. In 2003, he joined forces with former [[Nirvana (band)|Nirvana]] drummer and [[Foo Fighters]]' frontman [[Dave Grohl]] to produce "Red War" for the self-titled release of Dave Grohl's metal project [[Probot (band)|Probot]].


=== Musicians ===
Cavalera has worked with the following people and bands, among others:
Cavalera has worked with the following musicians:


{|
{|
|- valign=top
|- valign=top
|
|
*[[Tom Araya]] ([[Slayer]]) – guest vocals and bass on "Terrorist", on Soulfly's ''Primitive''
*[[A.N.I.M.A.L.]]
*[[Grady Avenell]] ([[Will Haven]]) – vocals on "Pain", on Soulfly's ''Primitive''
*[[Soulfly]]
*[[Burton C. Bell]] ([[Fear Factory]]) – vocals on "[[Eye for an Eye (song)|Eye for an Eye]]" on Soulfly's [[Soulfly (Soulfly album)|debut album]]
*[[Vincent Bennett]] ([[The Acacia Strain]]) - vocals on "Send Help"
*[[Jello Biafra]] – on "Biotech is Godzilla", for Sepultura's ''[[Chaos A.D.]]''
*[[Ill Bill]] / [[Immortal Technique]] – vocals on "War Is My Destiny" on Ill Bill's ''[[The Hour of Reprisal]]''
*[[Randy Blythe]] ([[Lamb of God (band)|Lamb of God]]) – vocals on "Dead Behind the Eyes" on Soulfly's ''[[Ritual (Soulfly album)|Ritual]]''
*[[Eric "Bobo" Correa|Eric Bobo]] ([[Cypress Hill]])
*[[Carlinhos Brown]] – "[[Ratamahatta]]", on Sepultura's ''[[Roots (Sepultura album)|Roots]]''
*[[Rex Brown]] ([[Pantera]]) – bass on "Ultra Violent", on [[Cavalera Conspiracy]]'s ''[[Inflikted]]''
*[[Mario Caldato Jr.]] – producer on [[Soulfly]]'s debut album
*[[Dino Cazares]] (former [[Brujeria (band)|Brujeria]], current [[Divine Heresy]], [[Fear Factory]] and [[Asesino]]) – guest guitarist on [[Nailbomb]]'s ''[[Point Blank (Nailbomb LP)|Point Blank]]'' and Soulfly's "Eye for an Eye"
* [[Hornsman Coyote]] ([[Eyesburn]]) – vocals and trombone on "Moses" from ''Prophecy'' and "Innerspirit" from ''[[Dark Ages (album)|Dark Ages]]''
*[[Jonathan Davis]] ([[Korn]]) – "Lookaway" on Sepultura's ''Roots''
*Ross Dolan ([[Immolation (band)|Immolation]]) – vocals on "Under Rapture" on Soulfly's ''[[Ritual (Soulfly album)|Ritual]]''
*[[Fred Durst]] ([[Limp Bizkit]]) – "Bleed" on Soulfly's debut album
*[[Dave Grohl]] – vocals on Probot's "Red War"
*[[David Ellefson]] – bass on ''Prophecy''
*[[Dez Fafara]] ([[Coal Chamber]], [[DevilDriver]]) – vocals on "Redemption of Man By God" from ''[[Enslaved (Soulfly album)|Enslaved]]'' by Soulfly
* [[Edu Falaschi]] - vocals on "Face of the Storm", from ''[[Vera Cruz (album)|Vera Cruz]]''
*[[Neil Fallon]] ([[Clutch (band)|Clutch]]) – vocals on "[[Ayatollah of Rock 'n' Rolla]]" from ''[[Savages (Soulfly album)|Savages]]'' by Soulfly
*[[Rhys Fulber]] ([[Front Line Assembly]], [[Fear Factory]], [[Delerium]]) – live keyboards for [[Nailbomb]]
*Jamie Hanks (I Declare War) – vocals on "Fallen" from ''Savages'' by Soulfly
*[[Mitch Harris]] ([[Napalm Death]]) – vocals on "K.C.S." from ''Savages'' by Soulfly
*[[Ice-T]] ([[Body Count (band)|Body Count]]) – performed guest vocals on “All Love Is Lost” from Body Count's album ''[[Bloodlust (Body Count album)|Bloodlust]]''
*Todd Jones ([[Nails (band)|Nails]]) – vocals on "Sodomites" from ''[[Archangel (Soulfly album)|Archangel]]'' by Soulfly
*[[Junkie XL]] – guitars on the ''[[Big Sounds of the Drags]]'' album
*[[Sean Lennon]] – on "[[Son Song]]", from Soulfly's ''[[Primitive (Soulfly album)|Primitive]]''
*[[DJ Lethal]] ([[Limp Bizkit]]) – "Bleed" and "Quilombo" on Soulfly's debut album, "Lookaway" on Sepultura's ''Roots''
*[[Cristian Machado]] ([[Ill Niño]]) – "One" on Soulfly's third album ''[[3 (Soulfly album)|3]]''
* Danny Marianino (North Side Kings) – vocals on "Call to Arms" from ''3'' and "Defeat U" from ''[[Prophecy]]'' by [[Soulfly]]
*[[Roy Mayorga]] (former [[Nausea (band)|Nausea]], [[Thorns (band)|Thorn]], Medication, [[Soulfly]] and current [[Stone Sour]] drummer)
*[[Roger Miret]] ([[Agnostic Front]]) – guest vocals on "Lynch Mob" from ''[[Blunt Force Trauma (album)|Blunt Force Trauma]]'' by [[Cavalera Conspiracy]]
*[[Ivan Moody (vocalist)|Ivan Moody]] ([[Five Finger Death Punch]]) – guest vocals on "I.M.Sin" from ''[[The Wrong Side of Heaven and the Righteous Side of Hell, Volume 1]]'' by [[Five Finger Death Punch]]
*[[Chino Moreno]] ([[Deftones]]) – guest vocalist on "Pain" from the album ''Primitive'' by Soulfly and also "First Commandment" on Soulfly's debut self-titled release; Max performed guest vocals on the Deftones song "Headup" from the album ''[[Around the Fur]]''
*Alex Newport ([[Fudge Tunnel]]) – co-founder of [[Nailbomb]]
*[[Mike Patton]] ([[Faith No More]], [[Mr. Bungle]], [[Fantômas (band)|Fantômas]], [[Tomahawk (band)|Tomahawk]]) – "Lookaway" on Sepultura's ''Roots''
*[[D. H. Peligro]] ([[Dead Kennedys]]) – drummer on Nailbomb's ''[[Point Blank (Nailbomb LP)|Point Blank]]''
*[[Dave Peters]] ([[Throwdown (band)|Throwdown]]) – guest vocals on "[[Unleash (song)|Unleash]]" from ''Conquer'' by Soulfly
*[[Greg Puciato]] ([[The Dillinger Escape Plan]]) – guest vocals on "[[Rise of the Fallen]]" from ''[[Omen (Soulfly album)|Omen]]'' by [[Soulfly]]
*Travis Ryan ([[Cattle Decapitation]]) – vocals on "[[World Scum]]" from ''[[Enslaved (Soulfly album)|Enslaved]]'' by Soulfly
*[[Ross Robinson]] – producer on [[Sepultura]]'s ''[[Roots (Sepultura album)|Roots]]'' and [[Soulfly]]'s [[Soulfly (Soulfly album)|debut album]]
*[[Evan Seinfeld]] ([[Biohazard (band)|Biohazard]]) – guest bassist on ''[[Point Blank (Nailbomb LP)|Point Blank]]'' by [[Nailbomb]]
*[[David Silveria]] (ex-[[Korn]]) – additional percussion on "Ratamahatta" on ''Roots'' by Sepultura
*[[Corey Taylor]] ([[Slipknot (band)|Slipknot]], [[Stone Sour]]) – guest vocalist on "[[Jumpdafuckup]]" from the album ''[[Primitive (Soulfly album)|Primitive]]'' by Soulfly
*[[Matt Tuck]] ([[Bullet for My Valentine]]) – vocals on "[[Repressed]]" by [[Apocalyptica]]
*[[David Vincent (musician)|David Vincent]] ([[Morbid Angel]]) – guest vocals on "[[Blood Fire War Hate]]" from ''[[Conquer (Soulfly album)|Conquer]]'' by Soulfly
*[[Tommy Victor]] ([[Prong (band)|Prong]]) – guest vocals on "Lethal Injection" from ''[[Omen (Soulfly album)|Omen]]'' by Soulfly
*[[Benji Webbe]] ([[Dub War]], [[Skindred]]) – vocals on "Quilombo" and "Prejudice" on Soulfly's debut album and vocals on the track "Blow Away", on reissues of ''Soulfly''
*Matt Young ([[King Parrot (band)|King Parrot]]) – vocals on "Live Life Hard!" from ''[[Archangel (Soulfly album)|Archangel]]'' by Soulfly

|}

=== Bands ===
Cavalera has collaborated with the following bands:
{{div col|colwidth=20em}}
*[[Sepultura]]
*[[Sepultura]]
*[[Soulfly]]
*[[Roadrunner United]]
*[[Nailbomb]]
*[[Nailbomb]]
*[[Ross Robinson]]
*[[Fudge Tunnel]]
*[[Cavalera Conspiracy]]
*Richard Kaplan
*[[Probot]]
*Chuck Johnson
*[[Evan Seinfeld]]
*[[Apocalyptica]]
*[[Five Finger Death Punch]]
|
*[[Eyesburn]]
*[[Killer Be Killed]]
*[[DJ Lethal]]
*[[Man Must Die]]
*[[Fred Durst]]
*[[Melechesh]]
*[[Eric Bobo]]
*[[Tom Araya]]
*[[Chino Moreno]]
*[[Mike Patton]]
*[[Sean Lennon]]
*[[Corey Taylor]]
|
*[[Cristian Machado]]
*[[Dave Grohl]]
*[[Grady Avenell]]
*Jackson Bandeira
*Meia Noite
*Jacob Langkilde
*[[Roy Mayorga]]
*Larry McDonald
|
*Anders Dohn
*[[Dino Cazares]]
*[[Burton C. Bell]]
*[[Mario Caldato Jr.]]
*Rob Agnello
*[[Deftones]]
*[[Deftones]]
*[[Carlinhos Brown]]
*[[Jungle Rot]]
*[[Sangresabia]]
*[[Immortal Technique]]
|
*[[Titãs]]
*[[Jonathan Davis]]
*[[Marc Rizzo]]
*[[Matt Tuck]]
*[[Apocalyptica]]
*[[Jello Biafra]]
*[[Snot (band)|Snot]]
*[[Ill Bill]]
*[[Ill Bill]]
*[[Body Count (band)|Body Count]]
<!-- Unsourced image removed: [[Image:A189.jpg|thumb|left]] -->
*[[The Acacia Strain]]
|}
*[[Metal Allegiance]]
*[[Immolation (band)|Immolation]]
*[[Nails (band)|Nails]]
*[[Jamey Jasta|Jasta (Jamey Jasta)]]
*Go Ahead and Die
*[[Demon Hunter (band)|Demon Hunter]]<ref name="auto">{{Cite web |date=2022-07-15 |title=Demon Hunter Premiere "Defense Mechanism", Soulfly's Max Cavalera Guests |url=https://www.theprp.com/2022/07/14/news/demon-hunter-premiere-defense-mechanism-soulflys-max-cavalera-guests/ |access-date=2022-07-15 |website=Theprp.com |language=en-US}}</ref>
{{div col end}}

Cavalera appeared in ''[[The Mummy Returns]]'' in an off-camera role as the Scorpion King, providing the guttural screams for [[Dwayne Johnson]].<ref>{{cite web
| title = Full Cast and Crew for ''The Mummy Returns''
| publisher = [[Internet Movie Database]]
| url = https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0209163/fullcredits#cast
| access-date = April 7, 2009}}</ref>


On July 15, 2022, Demon Hunter released their single "Defense Mechanism" featuring Cavalera.<ref name="auto"/>
Cavalera also has appeared in ''[[The Scorpion King]]'' in an off-camera role. He provided the guttural screams for [[The Rock (entertainer)|Dwayne Johnson]].{{fact|date=September 2007}}http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0209163/fullcredits#cast


==Discography==
==Discography==
*[[Sepultura]] - [[Morbid Visions]] (1986)
;[[Sepultura]]
*''[[Bestial Devastation]]'' EP (1985)
*Sepultura - [[Schizophrenia (Sepultura album) |Schizophrenia]] (1987)
*''[[Morbid Visions]]'' (1986)
*Sepultura - [[Beneath the Remains]] (1989)
*Sepultura - [[Arise (album) |Arise]] (1991)
*''[[Schizophrenia (Sepultura album)|Schizophrenia]]'' (1987)
*''[[Beneath the Remains]]'' (1989)
*Sepultura - [[Chaos A.D. (album)|Chaos A. D.]] (1993)
*''[[Arise (Sepultura album)|Arise]]'' (1991)
*[[Nailbomb]] - [[Point Blank (Nailbomb LP)|Point Blank]] (1994)
*''Third World Posse'' EP (1993)
*Sepultura - [[Roots (album) |Roots]] (1996)
*''[[Chaos A.D.]]'' (1993)
*[[Soulfly]] - [[Soulfly (album) |Soulfly]] (1998)
*''[[Refuse/Resist]]'' EP (1994)
*Soulfly - [[Primitive (album) |Primitive]] (2000)
*Soulfly - [[3 (Soulfly album) |3]] (2002)
*''[[Roots (Sepultura album)|Roots]]'' (1996)
*''[[The Roots of Sepultura]]'' (1996)
*Soulfly - [[Prophecy (album) |Prophecy]] (2004)
*''[[Blood-Rooted]]'' (1997)
*Soulfly - [[Dark Ages (album) |Dark Ages]] (2005)
*[[Cavalera Conspiracy]] - [[Inflikted]] (2008)
*''[[Under a Pale Grey Sky]]'' (2002)

*Soulfly's sixth studio album (2008)
;[[Nailbomb]]
*''[[Point Blank (Nailbomb album)|Point Blank]]'' (1994)
*''[[Proud to Commit Commercial Suicide]]'' (1995)

;[[Soulfly]]
*''[[Soulfly (Soulfly album)|Soulfly]]'' (1998)
*''[[Tribe (EP)|Tribe]]'' EP (1999)
*''[[Primitive (Soulfly album)|Primitive]]'' (2000)
*''[[3 (Soulfly album)|3]]'' (2002)
*''[[Prophecy (Soulfly album)|Prophecy]]'' (2004)
*''[[Dark Ages (album)|Dark Ages]]'' (2005)
*''[[Conquer (Soulfly album)|Conquer]]'' (2008)
*''[[Omen (Soulfly album)|Omen]]'' (2010)
*''[[Enslaved (Soulfly album)|Enslaved]]'' (2012)
*''[[Savages (Soulfly album)|Savages]]'' (2013)
*''[[Archangel (Soulfly album)|Archangel]]'' (2015)
*''[[Ritual (Soulfly album)|Ritual]]'' (2018)
*''[[Totem (Soulfly album)|Totem]]'' (2022)

;[[Cavalera Conspiracy]]
*''[[Inflikted]]'' (2008)
*''[[Blunt Force Trauma (album)|Blunt Force Trauma]]'' (2011)
*''[[Pandemonium (Cavalera Conspiracy album)|Pandemonium]]'' (2014)
*''[[Psychosis (album)|Psychosis]]'' (2017)
*''[[Bestial Devastation]] (re-recorded)'' EP (2023)
*''[[Morbid Visions]] (re-recorded)'' (2023)
*''[[Schizophrenia (Sepultura album)]] (re-recorded)'' (2024)

;[[Killer Be Killed]]
*''[[Killer Be Killed (album)|Killer Be Killed]]'' (2014)
*''[[Reluctant Hero]]'' (2020)

;[[Go Ahead and Die]]
*''Go Ahead and Die'' (2021)
*''Unhealthy Mechanisms'' (2023)

==References==
{{Reflist}}


== References ==
<references/>
==External links==
==External links==
{{Commons category}}
* [http://www.soulflyweb.com/ Soulfly Official Site]
*{{IMDb name|0146747}}
* [http://www.cavaleraconspiracy.com/ Cavalera Conspiracy]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20051030080643/http://www.nyrock.com/interviews/soulfly_int.htm NY Rock interview]
* [http://www.roadrunnerrecords.com/artists/Soulfly/ Roadrunner Records' Soulfly site]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20090420133204/http://www.asice.net/specials/107 Asice.net interview]
* [http://www.roadrunnerrecords.com/artists/CavaleraConspiracy/ Roadrunner Records' Cavalera Conspiracy site]

* [http://www.phoenixnewtimes.com/issues/2003-05-22/news/feature.html Phoenix New Times article on Max]
* [http://www.nyrock.com/interviews/soulfly_int.htm NY Rock interview]
* [http://www.asice.net/specials/107/ Asice.net interview]
{{Soulfly}}
{{Soulfly}}
{{Sepultura}}
{{Cavalera Conspiracy}}
{{Cavalera Conspiracy}}
{{Sepultura}}
{{Nailbomb}}
{{Nailbomb}}


{{Authority control}}
[[Category:1969 births|Cavalera, Max]]
[[Category:Living people|Cavalera, Max]]
[[Category:Sepultura members|Cavalera, Max]]
[[Category:Brazilian heavy metal singers|Cavalera, Max]]
[[Category:Brazilian heavy metal guitarists|Cavalera, Max]]
[[Category:Italian-Brazilians|Cavalera, Max]]
[[Category:People from Belo Horizonte|Cavalera, Max]]
[[Category:Former atheists and agnostics|Calavera, Max]]


[[cs:Max Cavalera]]
{{DEFAULTSORT:Cavalera, Max}}
[[da:Max Cavalera]]
[[Category:1969 births]]
[[Category:Brazilian expatriates in the United States]]
[[de:Max Cavalera]]
[[Category:Brazilian heavy metal singers]]
[[es:Max Cavalera]]
[[Category:Brazilian heavy metal guitarists]]
[[fr:Max Cavalera]]
[[Category:Brazilian male guitarists]]
[[it:Max Cavalera]]
[[Category:Brazilian male singer-songwriters]]
[[nl:Max Cavalera]]
[[Category:Brazilian people of Italian descent]]
[[no:Max Cavalera]]
[[Category:Brazilian session musicians]]
[[pl:Max Cavalera]]
[[Category:Brazilian singer-songwriters]]
[[pt:Max Cavalera]]
[[Category:Brazilian autobiographers]]
[[fi:Max Cavalera]]
[[Category:Brazilian deists]]
[[uk:Макс Кавалера]]
[[Category:Cavalera Conspiracy members]]
[[Category:Critics of religions]]
[[Category:Death metal musicians]]
[[Category:English-language singers from Brazil]]
[[Category:Killer Be Killed members]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Musicians from Belo Horizonte]]
[[Category:Nailbomb members]]
[[Category:Nu metal singers]]
[[Category:Rhythm guitarists]]
[[Category:Sepultura members]]
[[Category:Soulfly members]]
[[Category:Thrash metal musicians]]

Latest revision as of 15:40, 26 December 2024

Max Cavalera
Cavalera performing in 2018
Cavalera performing in 2018
Background information
Birth nameMassimiliano Antonio Cavalera
Also known asMax Possessed
Born (1969-08-04) 4 August 1969 (age 55)[1]
Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
Genres
Occupations
  • Musician
  • singer
  • songwriter
Instruments
  • Vocals
  • guitar
Years active1984–present
Member of
Formerly of
Websitecavaleraconspiracy.net

Massimiliano Antonio "Max" Cavalera (Portuguese pronunciation: [masimiliˈɐnu ɐ̃ˈtonju kɐvɐˈleɾɐ]; born 4 August 1969) is a Brazilian musician. He co-founded the heavy metal band Sepultura in 1984 with his brother Igor Cavalera, and was the band's lead singer and rhythm guitarist until his departure in 1996. He currently plays in the heavy metal bands Soulfly, Cavalera Conspiracy, Killer Be Killed and Go Ahead and Die. Cavalera was also involved in a short-lived side project called Nailbomb.[2]

Career and influences

[edit]

Max Cavalera's father, Graziano Cavalera, was an employee of the Italian Consulate in Belo Horizonte. He died at 41 years of age, when Max was nine years old. Cavalera's family was in a state of financial crisis and family turbulence when he formed Sepultura with his younger brother Igor, in the bohemian neighborhood of Santa Tereza in Belo Horizonte. He moved to São Paulo in 1989 together with the other members of the band, and shared an apartment in Santa Cecília (district of São Paulo). In 1992, he relocated to Phoenix, Arizona. He did not begin to make spiritual music until after he quit Sepultura. His earlier lyrics for Soulfly were influenced by religion and spirituality, though he is critical of religion. His later albums, starting with Dark Ages, began to incorporate lyrical themes of violence, warfare, anger and hatred. His albums have all been dedicated to God, and he has often been depicted by the press as a man of religion, especially in the United States, something that Cavalera himself says he does not understand:

I do hate a lot of "religion", but people like Christ – yeah they inspire me. I mean if you look at Christ, He was hanging around with the lowlifes, prostitutes and the losers you know, not going around with those high society motherfuckers you see trying to sell Jesus today![3]

When asked in an interview whether he was a Christian and whether Soulfly was a Christian band, he said:

No. I mean, if I was a Christian I would wear all these different kinds of omens. Because Christian people are so close-minded. A priest would not accept that. So I don't like the concept of Christianity in terms of being so close-minded. It is the same with music. Sometimes I compare preachers to close-minded musicians or close-minded listeners, who only like one kind of music. Some preachers are the same. And they don't tolerate Hindus, Buddhists or whatever. Only them. It's bullshit. So Soulfly is not a Christian band at all. Very much opposite. But we are very spiritual. Spiritual has nothing to do with Christianity anyway. It has been here since the beginning of time.[4]

In another interview, he was asked about the Varg Vikernes church burnings. He quoted, "I support church burnings 100 percent, but why don't we just burn everything. Mosques, temples, all religious buildings."[5] However, he later claimed his views changed about the church burnings and called them "too violent". He has stated that he does believe in God, "But it might be different than the God the preacher preaches about."[citation needed]

Of enduring influence to his music, is the untimely death of his stepson, Dana Wells, who was killed in a car crash[6] after the release of Roots in 1996. The songs "Bleed", "First Commandment", "Pain", "Tree of Pain" and "Revengeance" are tributes to Wells, as well as Deftones' song "Headup", in which Cavalera featured and co-wrote. He reunited with his brother Igor, in their band Cavalera Conspiracy, and wrote and performed on Soulfly's Conquer, released in 2008.[7][8]

Cavalera appears in the 2009 video game Grand Theft Auto IV: The Lost and Damned as himself on the ingame radio station LCHC.

In 2013, Cavalera released his autobiography, titled My Bloody Roots; his co-writer was the British author Joel McIver and the book's foreword was written by Dave Grohl.[9]

Guitar style

[edit]
Cavalera in 1989

Cavalera is known for playing his six-string guitar with only four strings; with the B and high E (2nd and 1st) strings opted out. The inspiration struck when he broke both strings one day and he did not bother to replace them. A friend later commented that the guitar looked better without them, thus it became his trademark.[10][11] Cavalera used to play with three strings, but eventually started playing with four due to Andreas Kisser writing a Sepultura song that required another string.[12] He did return to using three temporarily with his project Nailbomb.[13]

Personal life

[edit]

Since 1992, Cavalera has lived in Phoenix, Arizona with his wife Gloria and their five children. Three of his sons are also active in music, with Richie fronting Incite and Igor and Zyon performing in Lody Kong. Jason tours as Zyon's drum tech, amongst other various duties behind the scenes. In 2012 and 2013, Zyon toured with Soulfly after David Kinkade's retirement, and now he is a regular member as drummer. Igor briefly filled in as bassist for Soulfly in 2015 after Tony Campos left the band, and toured as keyboardist and co-vocalist during Soulfly's Point Blank Tour.[14]

In 2022, Cavalera attracted criticism after a 2014 clip resurfaced of him telling a Moscow crowd that he supported the internationally unrecognised Russian annexation of Crimea.[15]

On July 5, 2023, Cavalera announced that his mother Vania had died.[16]

Cavalera is a fan of the Palmeiras and Detroit Lions.[17]

Collaborations

[edit]
Cavalera with Cavalera Conspiracy at the Eurockéennes festival in France, 2008

Cavalera has collaborated with many different artists while in Sepultura and Soulfly. In 2003, he joined forces with former Nirvana drummer and Foo Fighters' frontman Dave Grohl to produce "Red War" for the self-titled release of Dave Grohl's metal project Probot.

Musicians

[edit]

Cavalera has worked with the following musicians:

Bands

[edit]

Cavalera has collaborated with the following bands:

Cavalera appeared in The Mummy Returns in an off-camera role as the Scorpion King, providing the guttural screams for Dwayne Johnson.[19]

On July 15, 2022, Demon Hunter released their single "Defense Mechanism" featuring Cavalera.[18]

Discography

[edit]
Sepultura
Nailbomb
Soulfly
Cavalera Conspiracy
Killer Be Killed
Go Ahead and Die
  • Go Ahead and Die (2021)
  • Unhealthy Mechanisms (2023)

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Larkin, Colin (May 27, 2011). The Encyclopedia of Popular Music. Omnibus Press. ISBN 978-0-85712-595-8.
  2. ^ "Nailbomb's Point Blank: The explosive legacy of 90s metal's greatest supergroup". August 31, 2020.
  3. ^ "Soulfly : interview". Musicomh.com. Retrieved November 2, 2011.
  4. ^ "Interview: Max Cavalera". Archived from the original on April 9, 2008.
  5. ^ "SOULFLY on church burnings". Youtube. TV2 Norway (2009). November 27, 2009. Retrieved November 16, 2017.
  6. ^ Holthouse, David. "For Reasons Unknown". Phoenix New Times. Retrieved January 31, 2023.
  7. ^ "Exclusive: Talking Music & Horror with Max Cavalera of SOULFLY". Archived from the original on September 16, 2009.
  8. ^ "A Conversation with the Cavalera Conspiracy and Soulfly Vocalist". Heavymetal.about.com. Retrieved May 23, 2012.
  9. ^ "MAX CAVALERA's Autobiography To Include Foreword By DAVE GROHL". Blabbermout.neth. Archived from the original on November 15, 2011.
  10. ^ Guitar.com (May 12, 2007). "Max Cavalera (Soulfly) interview about his guitar style (pt.1 of 2)". YouTube. Retrieved April 8, 2019.
  11. ^ Fox, Darrin. "Max Cavalera". Guitar Player. Retrieved April 8, 2019.
  12. ^ "Max Cavalera & Andreas Kisser - Lix 'n' trix (German subtitles)". YouTube. April 12, 2013.
  13. ^ "Nailbomb - Interview and World of Shit live at the Dynamo Festival 1995". YouTube. December 21, 2013.
  14. ^ DiVita, Joe (November 10, 2017). "Max Cavalera Backs Universal Healthcare: 'Take Care of Your Own'". Loudwire.
  15. ^ Max Cavalera criticized by fans for supporting Russia Metal Addicts
  16. ^ "Max and Igor Cavalera mourn their 80 Year old Mother". Loudwire. July 6, 2023.
  17. ^ "The Official Site of the Detroit Lions". Detroitlions.com.
  18. ^ a b "Demon Hunter Premiere "Defense Mechanism", Soulfly's Max Cavalera Guests". Theprp.com. July 15, 2022. Retrieved July 15, 2022.
  19. ^ "Full Cast and Crew for The Mummy Returns". Internet Movie Database. Retrieved April 7, 2009.
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