The North Star (anti-slavery newspaper): Difference between revisions

The North Star
	The North Star, June 2, 1848
Type	Weekly newspaper
Publisher	W.C. Nell
Editor	Frederick Douglass
Founded	December 3, 1847
Language	American English
Ceased publication	June 1, 1851
City	Rochester, New York
Country	United States
OCLC number	10426469
	Media of the United States; List of newspapers;

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The North Star was a nineteenth-century anti-slavery newspaper published from the Talman Building in Rochester, New York, by abolitionists Martin Delany and Frederick Douglass.^[1] The paper commenced publication on December 3, 1847, and ceased as The North Star in June 1851, when it merged with Gerrit Smith's Liberty Party Paper (based in Syracuse, New York) to form Frederick Douglass' Paper.^[2] At the time of the Civil War, it was Douglass' Monthly.

The North Star's slogan was: "Right is of no Sex—Truth is of no Color—God is the Father of us all, and all we are Brethren."^[3]^[4]

Inspiration

In 1846, Frederick Douglass was first inspired to publish The North Star after subscribing to The Liberator, a weekly newspaper published by William Lloyd Garrison. The Liberator was a newspaper established by Garrison and his supporters founded upon moral principles.^[2] The North Star title was a reference to the directions given to runaway slaves trying to reach the Northern states and Canada: "Follow the North Star."^[5] Figuratively, Canada was also "the north star."

Like The Liberator, The North Star published weekly and was four pages long. It was sold by subscription of $2 per year to more than 4,000 readers in the United States, Europe, and the Caribbean. The first of its four pages focused on current events concerning abolitionist issues.^[6]^[7]

The Garrisonian Liberator was founded upon the notion that the Constitution was fundamentally pro-slavery and that the Union ought to be dissolved. Douglass disagreed but supported the nonviolent approach to the emancipation of slaves by education and moral suasion.^[8] Under the guidance of the abolitionist society, Douglass became well acquainted with the pursuit of the emancipation of slaves through a New England religious perspective.^[9] Garrison had earlier convinced the Massachusetts Anti-Slavery Society to hire Douglass as an agent, touring with Garrison and telling audiences about his experiences as a slave. Douglass worked with another abolitionist, Martin R. Delany, who traveled to lecture, report, and generate subscriptions to The North Star.^[5]

Editorial perspective and breadth

Douglass's thoughts toward political inaction changed when he attended the National Convention of Colored Citizens, an antislavery convention in Buffalo, New York, in August 1843. One of the many speakers present at the convention was Henry Highland Garnet. Formerly a slave in Maryland, Garnet was a Presbyterian minister who supported violent action against slaveholders. Garnet's demands of independent action addressed to the American slaves remained one of the leading issues of change for Douglass.

During a nineteen-month stay in Britain and Ireland, several of Douglass' supporters bought his freedom and assisted with the purchase of a printing press. With this assistance, Douglass was determined to begin an African-American newspaper that would engage the anti-slavery movement politically. On his return to the United States in March 1847, Douglass shared his ideas of The North Star with his mentors. Ignoring the advice of the American Anti-Slavery Society, Douglass moved to Rochester, New York, to publish the first edition. When questioned on his decision to create The North Star, Douglass is said to have responded,

I still see before me a life of toil and trials..., but, justice must be done, the truth must be told...I will not be silent.^[10]

In covering politics in Europe, literature, slavery in the United States, and culture generally in both The North Star and Frederick Douglass' Paper, Douglass achieved unconstrained independence to write freely on topics from the California Gold Rush to Uncle Tom's Cabin to Charles Dickens's Bleak House.^[11]^[12] In 1848, he published an open letter to Horatio Gates Warner after Warner objected to Rosetta Douglass' enrollment at Seward Seminary in Rochester. The letter, which advocated for desegregation of all schools, was republished in papers across the country.^[13]^[14]

Besides Garnet, other Oneida Institute alumni that collaborated with The North Star were Samuel Ringgold Ward and Jermain Wesley Loguen.^[15]^: 9

Douglass was assisted by philanthropist Gerrit Smith. Smith later merged his own anti-slavery paper with The North Star to create Frederick Douglass' Paper.

The only complete collection of Douglass' newspapers was destroyed in a house fire in 1872.^[16]

References

^ "Retrofitting Rochester: Talman Building". Rochester Democrat and Chronicle. Archived from the original on December 30, 2016. Retrieved May 25, 2016.
^ ^a ^b David B. Chesebrough, Frederick Douglass; Oratory from Slavery, (Connecticut: Greenwood Press, 1998), 16–18.
^ "The North Star (Reason): American Treasures of the library of Congress". Library of Congress. August 2007. Archived from the original on December 28, 2019. Retrieved December 18, 2019.
^ "Liberty Party Paper". Library of Congress. Archived from the original on March 3, 2020. Retrieved March 3, 2020., OCLC 13148588
^ ^a ^b ""Abolitionist Movement." History Net: Where History Comes Alive". Archived from the original on December 31, 2014. Retrieved December 4, 2014.
^ "The North Star (American Newspaper) --Encyclopædia Britannica". Archived from the original on November 20, 2014. Retrieved December 4, 2014.
^ "The North Star". Library of Congress. Archived from the original on March 3, 2020. Retrieved March 3, 2020.
^ William S. McFeely, Frederick Douglass (New York: W.W. Norton and Company, 1991), 84–206.
^ McFeely, Frederick Douglass (1991), 15–16.
^ McFeely, Frederick Douglass (1991), 146–147.
^ Janet Neary and Hollis Robbins, "African American Literature of the Gold Rush," in Edward Watts, Keri Holt, and John Funchion (eds), Mapping Region in Early American Writing, Athens: University of Georgia Press (2015).
^ "Frederick Douglass' Paper". Library of Congress. Archived from the original on February 1, 2020. Retrieved March 3, 2020., OCLC 10426474
^ Douglass, Frederick (September 22, 1848). "H. G. Warner, Esq., (Editor of the Rochester Courier)". The North Star. p. 2. Retrieved January 4, 2023.
^ Murphy, Justin (2022). Your Children Are Very Much in Danger: School Segregation in Rochester, New York. Ithaca, New York: Cornell University Press. pp. 29–31. ISBN 9781501761867.
^ Elbert, Sarah, ed. (2002). "Introduction". The American Prejudice against Color. William G. Allen, Mary King, Louisa May Alcott. Boston: Northeastern University Press. pp. 1–34. ISBN 1555535453.
^ Schmitt, Victoria Sandwick (Fall 2005). "Rochester's Frederick Douglass: Part Two" (PDF). Rochester History. LXVII (4): 19. Retrieved 14 January 2024.

Bibliography

Ira Berlin, "Who Freed the Slaves; Emancipation and Its Meaning", in Blight and Simpson (eds), Union and Emancipation; Essays on Politics and Race in the Civil War Era (Kent State University Press, 1234), p. 121.

External links

"The North Star (Rochester, N.Y.) 1847–1851". The Library of Congress. Digitized. Missing issues.
The North Star newspaper archive, The North Star: Complete December 3, 1847 – April 17, 1851, Accessible Archives (institutional subscription required).
The North Star, The North Star: Online Collection, Lavery Library, St. John Fisher College (selected issues only).
"Our Paper and Its Prospects", The North Star, December 3, 1847.
Douglass' Monthly is available at the Internet Archive.

[1] "Retrofitting Rochester: Talman Building". Rochester Democrat and Chronicle. Archived from the original on December 30, 2016. Retrieved May 25, 2016.

[Chesebrough-2] David B. Chesebrough, Frederick Douglass; Oratory from Slavery, (Connecticut: Greenwood Press, 1998), 16–18.

[3] "The North Star (Reason): American Treasures of the library of Congress". Library of Congress. August 2007. Archived from the original on December 28, 2019. Retrieved December 18, 2019.

[LOC3-4] "Liberty Party Paper". Library of Congress. Archived from the original on March 3, 2020. Retrieved March 3, 2020., OCLC 13148588

[historynet.com-5] ""Abolitionist Movement." History Net: Where History Comes Alive". Archived from the original on December 31, 2014. Retrieved December 4, 2014.

[6] "The North Star (American Newspaper) --Encyclopædia Britannica". Archived from the original on November 20, 2014. Retrieved December 4, 2014.

[LOC-7] "The North Star". Library of Congress. Archived from the original on March 3, 2020. Retrieved March 3, 2020.

[8] William S. McFeely, Frederick Douglass (New York: W.W. Norton and Company, 1991), 84–206.

[9] McFeely, Frederick Douglass (1991), 15–16.

[10] McFeely, Frederick Douglass (1991), 146–147.

[11] Janet Neary and Hollis Robbins, "African American Literature of the Gold Rush," in Edward Watts, Keri Holt, and John Funchion (eds), Mapping Region in Early American Writing, Athens: University of Georgia Press (2015).

[LOC2-12] "Frederick Douglass' Paper". Library of Congress. Archived from the original on February 1, 2020. Retrieved March 3, 2020., OCLC 10426474

[13] Douglass, Frederick (September 22, 1848). "H. G. Warner, Esq., (Editor of the Rochester Courier)". The North Star. p. 2. Retrieved January 4, 2023.

[14] Murphy, Justin (2022). Your Children Are Very Much in Danger: School Segregation in Rochester, New York. Ithaca, New York: Cornell University Press. pp. 29–31. ISBN 9781501761867.

[Elbert-15] Elbert, Sarah, ed. (2002). "Introduction". The American Prejudice against Color. William G. Allen, Mary King, Louisa May Alcott. Boston: Northeastern University Press. pp. 1–34. ISBN 1555535453.

[16] Schmitt, Victoria Sandwick (Fall 2005). "Rochester's Frederick Douglass: Part Two" (PDF). Rochester History. LXVII (4): 19. Retrieved 14 January 2024.

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+{{Short description|Paper by Frederick Douglass (1847–1851)}}
-'''''The North Star''''' was an [[abolitionist]] newspaper founded in [[1847]] by [[Frederick Douglass]] in [[Rochester, New York]]. Douglass, a former slave and a prominent antislavery speaker and writer, gained a circulation of over 4,000 readers in the United States, Europe, and the Caribbean. Taking as its motto "Right is of no Sex &mdash; Truth is of no Color &mdash; God is the Father of us all, and we are all brethren," the ''North Star'' served as a forum not only for abolitionist views, but also supported the [[feminism|feminist movement]] and the emancipation of other oppressed groups.
+{{Infobox newspaper
+| name                 = The North Star
+| school               =
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+| image                = NorthStarfrontpage.jpg
+| image_size           =
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+| caption              = ''The North Star'', June 2, 1848
+| motto                =
+| type                 = [[Weekly newspaper]]
+| format               =
+| owner                = <!-- or |owners= -->
+| founder              = <!-- or |founders= -->
+| publisher            =  [[William Cooper Nell|W.C. Nell]]
+| president            =
+| editor               = [[Frederick Douglass]]
+| chiefeditor          =
+| depeditor            =
+| assoceditor          =
+| maneditor            =
+| generalmanager       =
+| newseditor           =
+| managingeditordesign =
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+| staff                =
+| foundation           = {{start date|1847|12|3}} <!-- or |launched= --> <!-- Use: {{start date and age|YYYY|MM|DD}}, or {{start date|...}} if ceased -->
+| political            =
+| language             = [[American English]]
+| ceased publication   = {{end date|1851|06|01}}<!-- Use: {{end date|YYYY|MM|DD}} -->
+| relaunched           =
+| headquarters         =
+| publishing_city      = [[Rochester, New York]]
+| publishing_country   = United States
+| circulation          =
+| circulation_date     =
+| circulation_ref      =
+| readership           =
+| sister newspapers    =
+| ISSN                 =
+| eISSN                =
+| oclc                 = 10426469
+| RNI                  =
+| website              =
+| free                 =
+}}
+'''''The North Star''''' was a nineteenth-century anti-slavery newspaper published from the [[Talman Building]] in [[Rochester, New York]], by abolitionists [[Martin Delany]] and [[Frederick Douglass]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.democratandchronicle.com/story/news/local/rocroots/2015/02/13/retrofitting-rochester-talman-building/23389203/|title=Retrofitting Rochester: Talman Building|website=Rochester Democrat and Chronicle|access-date=May 25, 2016|archive-date=December 30, 2016|archive-url=https://archive.today/20161230144751/http://www.democratandchronicle.com/story/news/local/rocroots/2015/02/13/retrofitting-rochester-talman-building/23389203/|url-status=live}}</ref> The paper commenced publication on December 3, 1847, and ceased as ''The North Star'' in June 1851, when it merged with [[Gerrit Smith|Gerrit Smith's]] ''Liberty Party Paper'' (based in [[Syracuse, New York|Syracuse]], New York) to form ''Frederick Douglass' Paper''.<ref name=Chesebrough /> At the time of the Civil War, it was ''Douglass' Monthly''.
+''The North Star''{{'}}s slogan was: "Right is of no Sex—Truth is of no Color—God is the Father of us all, and all we are Brethren."<ref>{{cite web|title=The North Star (Reason): American Treasures of the library of Congress|website=[[Library of Congress]] |date=August 2007 |url=http://www.loc.gov/exhibits/treasures/tr22a.html#obj46|access-date=December 18, 2019|archive-date=December 28, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191228112448/http://www.loc.gov/exhibits/treasures/tr22a.html#obj46|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=LOC3>{{cite web|url=https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn86053092/|title=Liberty Party Paper|website=Library of Congress|access-date=March 3, 2020|archive-date=March 3, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200303164810/https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn86053092/|url-status=live}}, {{OCLC|13148588}}</ref>
-Douglass published the ''North Star'' until June of [[1851]], when Douglass and [[Gerrit Smith]] agreed to merge the ''North Star'' with the [[Liberty Party Paper]] (based out of [[Syracuse, New York]]) to form ''[[Frederick Douglass's Paper]]''.
+== Inspiration ==
-===North Star in the making===
+[[File:North Star Newspaper February 22, 1856.jpeg|thumb|upright|February 22, 1850 issue]]
-[[Frederick Douglass]] was first introduced to the ideology that would inspire the North Star in [[1838]] after subscribing to ''[[The Liberator]]'', a weekly newspaper published by [[William Lloyed Garrison]].  The ''Liberator'' was a newspaper established by Garrison and his supporters based on core views of morality.<sup>1</sup> The leading perspective of the Garrisonians focused on the Constitution as a pro-slavery document, the non-violent approach of emancipation of slaves by moral suasion, and the dissolution of the Union.<sup>2</sup> Under the guidance of the abolitionist society, Frederick became well acquainted with the pursuit of the emancipation of slaves through a New England religious perspective.<sup>3</sup>
+In 1846, Frederick Douglass was first inspired to publish ''The North Star'' after subscribing to ''[[The Liberator (newspaper)|The Liberator]]'', a weekly newspaper published by [[William Lloyd Garrison]]. The ''Liberator'' was a newspaper established by Garrison and his supporters founded upon moral principles.<ref name=Chesebrough>David B. Chesebrough, ''Frederick Douglass; Oratory from Slavery'', (Connecticut: Greenwood Press, 1998), 16–18.</ref> ''The North Star'' title was a reference to the directions given to runaway slaves trying to reach the [[Northern United States|Northern states]] and [[Canada]]: "Follow the [[North Star]]."<ref name="historynet.com">{{cite web|title="Abolitionist Movement." History Net: Where History Comes Alive.|url=http://www.historynet.com/abolitionist-movement|access-date=December 4, 2014|archive-date=December 31, 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141231064656/http://www.historynet.com/abolitionist-movement|url-status=live}}</ref> Figuratively, Canada was also "the north star."
-Frederick Douglass’s thoughts toward political inaction changed when he attended the National Convention of Colored Citizens, an antislavery convention in [[Buffalo, New York]] in August of [[1843]].  One of the many speakers present at the convention was [[Henry Highland Garnet]].  Formerly a slave in Maryland, Garnet was a Presbyterian minister in support of violent action against slaveholders. Garnets demands of independent action addressed to the American slaves would remain one of the leading issues of change for Douglass.
-During the two year stay in [[United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland|Britain]] and [[Ireland]], several of Douglass’s supporters bought his freedom and assisted with the purchase of a [[printing press]]. With this assistance Douglass was determined to begin an [[African American]] newspaper that would engage the anti-slavery movement politically. Upon his return to the [[United States]] in March of [[1847]] Douglass shared his ideas of the North Star with his mentors.  Ignoring the advice of the [[American Anti-Slavery Society]], Douglass moved to [[Rochester, New York]] to publish the first edition.  Upon questioning on his decision to creating the North Star Douglass is said to have responded,
-<blockquote>
-I still see before me a life of toil and trials..., but, justice must be done, the truth must be told...I will not be silent."<sup>4</sup>
-</blockquote>
-With this conflict of interests, Douglass was able to achieve an unconstrained independence to write freely on topics that covered his analysis of the Constitution as an antislavery document, his desires for political action necessary to bring emancipation, and the support of the women’s rights’ movement.<sup>5</sup>
+Like ''The Liberator'', ''The North Star'' published weekly and was four pages long. It was sold by subscription of $2 per year to more than 4,000 readers in the [[United States]], [[Europe]], and the [[Caribbean]]. The first of its four pages focused on current events concerning abolitionist issues.<ref>{{cite web|title=The North Star (American Newspaper) --Encyclopædia Britannica|url=http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/852011/The-North-Star|access-date=December 4, 2014|archive-date=November 20, 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141120164907/http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/852011/The-North-Star|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=LOC>{{cite web|url=https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn84026365/|title=The North Star|website=Library of Congress|access-date=March 3, 2020|archive-date=March 3, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200303165134/https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn84026365/|url-status=live}}</ref>
-===Significance of the North Star on Self-Emancipation===
-The significance of the North Star can be viewed as a key moment in African American history in the struggle for [[emancipation]].  [[Ira Berlin]], an American historian, known for his research on slave history, relates the Emancipation Proclamation as the combined effort of many to end slavery, in which the slaves played the principal role.
-<blockquote>
-If the Emancipation Proclamation speaks to the central role of constituted authority - in the person of Abraham Lincoln - in making history, it speaks no less loudly to the role of ordinary men and women, seizing the moment to make the world according to their own understanding of justice and human decency.<sup>6</sup>
-</blockquote>
-The publication of the North Star was a considerable step in giving African Americans a voice in the [[abolitionist]] movement by providing an open forum for African American leaders in the community.
+The Garrisonian ''Liberator'' was founded upon the notion that the [[United States Constitution|Constitution]] was fundamentally pro-slavery and that the [[Secession in the United States|Union ought to be dissolved]]. Douglass disagreed but supported the [[nonviolent]] approach to the emancipation of slaves by education and moral suasion.<ref>William S. McFeely, ''Frederick Douglass'' (New York: W.W. Norton and Company, 1991), 84–206.</ref> Under the guidance of the abolitionist society, Douglass became well acquainted with the pursuit of the emancipation of slaves through a [[New England]] religious perspective.<ref>McFeely, ''Frederick Douglass'' (1991), 15–16.</ref> Garrison had earlier convinced the [[Massachusetts Anti-Slavery Society]] to hire Douglass as an agent, touring with Garrison and telling audiences about his experiences as a slave. Douglass worked with another abolitionist, [[Martin R. Delany]], who traveled to lecture, report, and generate subscriptions to ''The North Star''.<ref name="historynet.com"/>
-===References:===
-. David B. Chesebrough, ''Frederick Douglass; Oratory from Slavery'', (Connecticut: Greenwood Press, 1998), 16-18.
+==Editorial perspective and breadth==
-. William S. McFeely,  ''Frederick Douglass'', (New York: W.W. Norton and Company, 1991), 84-206.
+{{Slavery}}
+Douglass's thoughts toward political inaction changed when he attended the National Convention of Colored Citizens, an antislavery convention in [[Buffalo, New York]], in August 1843. One of the many speakers present at the convention was [[Henry Highland Garnet]]. Formerly a slave in [[Maryland]], Garnet was a [[Presbyterianism|Presbyterian]] minister who supported violent action against slaveholders. Garnet's demands of independent action addressed to the American slaves remained one of the leading issues of change for Douglass.
+During a nineteen-month stay in [[United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland|Britain]] and [[Ireland]], several of Douglass' supporters bought his freedom and assisted with the purchase of a [[printing press]]. With this assistance, Douglass was determined to begin an [[African-American]] newspaper that would engage the anti-slavery movement politically. On his return to the [[United States]] in March 1847, Douglass shared his ideas of ''The North Star'' with his mentors. Ignoring the advice of the [[American Anti-Slavery Society]], Douglass moved to [[Rochester, New York]], to publish the first edition. When questioned on his decision to create ''The North Star'', Douglass is said to have responded,
-. Ibid, 15-16
+<blockquote>I still see before me a life of toil and trials..., but, justice must be done, the truth must be told...I will not be silent.<ref>McFeely, ''Frederick Douglass'' (1991), 146–147.</ref>
-. Ibid, 146-147
+</blockquote>
+In covering politics in Europe, literature, [[slavery in the United States]], and culture generally in both ''The North Star'' and ''Frederick Douglass' Paper'', Douglass achieved unconstrained independence to write freely on topics from the [[California Gold Rush]] to ''[[Uncle Tom's Cabin]]'' to [[Charles Dickens]]'s ''[[Bleak House]].''<ref>Janet Neary and Hollis Robbins, "African American Literature of the Gold Rush," in Edward Watts, Keri Holt, and John Funchion (eds), ''Mapping Region in Early American Writing'', Athens: University of Georgia Press (2015).</ref><ref name=LOC2>{{cite web|url=https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn84026366/|title=Frederick Douglass' Paper|website=Library of Congress|access-date=March 3, 2020|archive-date=February 1, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200201062455/https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn84026366/|url-status=live}}, {{OCLC|10426474}}</ref> In 1848, he published an open letter to Horatio Gates Warner after Warner objected to [[Rosetta Douglass]]' enrollment at Seward Seminary in Rochester. The letter, which advocated for desegregation of all schools, was republished in papers across the country.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Douglass |first=Frederick |date=September 22, 1848 |title=H. G. Warner, Esq., (Editor of the Rochester Courier) |pages=2 |work=The North Star |url=https://www.loc.gov/resource/sn84026365/1848-09-22/ed-1/?dl=issue&sp=2 |access-date=January 4, 2023}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Murphy |first=Justin |title=Your Children Are Very Much in Danger: School Segregation in Rochester, New York |publisher=[[Cornell University Press]] |year=2022 |isbn=9781501761867 |location=[[Ithaca, New York]] |pages=29–31}}</ref>
-. Ibid, 76-77
+Besides Garnet, other [[Oneida Institute]] alumni that collaborated with ''The North Star'' were [[Samuel Ringgold Ward]] and [[Jermain Wesley Loguen]].<ref name=Elbert>{{cite book
-. Ira Berlin, "Who Freed the Slaves; Emancipation and Its Meaning," in Blight and Simpson ed''."Union and Emancipation; Essays on Politics and Race in the Civil War Era"'' (Kent, Kent State University Press, 1997),121.
+|title=The American Prejudice against Color. William G. Allen, Mary King, Louisa May Alcott
+|location=Boston
+|publisher=[[Northeastern University Press]]
+|year=2002
+|pages=1–34
+|chapter=Introduction
+|editor-first=Sarah
+|editor-last=Elbert
+|isbn=1555535453}}</ref>{{rp|9}}
+Douglass was assisted by philanthropist [[Gerrit Smith]]. Smith later merged his own anti-slavery paper with ''The North Star'' to create ''Frederick Douglass' Paper''.
+The only complete collection of Douglass' newspapers was destroyed in a house fire in 1872.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Schmitt |first1=Victoria Sandwick |title=Rochester's Frederick Douglass: Part Two |journal=Rochester History |date=Fall 2005 |volume=LXVII |issue=4 |page=19 |url=https://www.libraryweb.org/~rochhist/v67_2005/v67i4.pdf |access-date=14 January 2024}}</ref>
-BITCHHHHHHHHHHH
+==See also==
-== Writing from the ''North Star'' ==
+{{Portal|United States}}
+*[[Abolitionism#Abolitionist publications|Abolitionist publications]]
+*[[List of newspapers in New York (state)|List of newspapers in New York]]
+*[[Shaun King#The North Star|Shaun King § ''The North Star'']]
+==References==
-* [http://docsouth.unc.edu/douglass/support15.html "Our Paper and Its Prospects"], ''The North Star'', December 3, 1847.
+{{reflist|30em}}
-== [[The North Star Fund]] ==
+== Bibliography ==
+*[[Ira Berlin]], "Who Freed the Slaves; Emancipation and Its Meaning", in Blight and Simpson (eds), ''Union and Emancipation; Essays on Politics and Race in the Civil War Era'' (Kent State University Press, 1234), p.&nbsp;121.
+==External links==
-The [[North Star Fund]], a New York City community foundation that took its name from Frederick Douglass' newspaper. The North Star fund is dedicated to social change in New York City communities.  It donates its benefits to the lower class sector of many of these communities.
+{{commons category}}
+{{wikisource|The North Star (Rochester)}}
+*{{cite web |title=The North Star (Rochester, N.Y.) 1847–1851 |website=The Library of Congress |url=https://www.loc.gov/item/sn84026365/}} Digitized. Missing issues.
+* [https://www.accessible-archives.com/collections/african-american-newspapers/the-north-star/ ''The North Star'' newspaper archive], ''The North Star'': Complete December 3, 1847 – April 17, 1851, Accessible Archives (institutional subscription required).
+* ''[https://cdm16694.contentdm.oclc.org/digital/collection/p15109coll7/search/searchterm/VZJ001/field/all/mode/exact/conn/and/ The North Star]'', ''The North Star'': Online Collection, Lavery Library, St. John Fisher College (selected issues only).
+* [https://docsouth.unc.edu/neh/douglass/support15.html "Our Paper and Its Prospects"], ''The North Star'', December 3, 1847.
+* ''Douglass' Monthly'' is available at the [[Internet Archive]].
+{{Frederick Douglass}}
-{{US-hist-stub}}
+{{Underground Railroad}}
+{{African American press}}
+{{Authority control}}
+{{DEFAULTSORT:North Star, The (Anti-Slavery Newspaper)}}
-[[Category:Frederick Douglass]]
-[[Category:Defunct newspapers of the United States]]
+[[Category:1847 establishments in New York (state)]]
-[[Category:Abolitionist newspapers]]
+[[Category:Abolitionist newspapers published in the United States]]
-[[Category:African American newspapers]]
+[[Category:African-American newspapers published in New York (state)]]
-[[Category:Newspapers published in New York]]
+[[Category:Defunct African-American newspapers]]
-[[Category:Publications established in 1847]]
+[[Category:Defunct newspapers published in New York (state)]]
-[[Category:1851 disestablishments]]
+[[Category:History of Rochester, New York]]
+[[Category:Newspapers established in 1847]]
+[[Category:Newspapers published in Rochester, New York]]
+[[Category:Publications disestablished in 1851]]
+[[Category:Works by Frederick Douglass]]

v t e Frederick Douglass
Autobiographies	Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, an American Slave (1845) My Bondage and My Freedom (1855) Life and Times of Frederick Douglass (1881)
Newspapers	The North Star
Fiction	The Heroic Slave, a heartwarming Narrative of the Adventures of Madison Washington, in Pursuit of Liberty (1852)
Speeches	American Anti-Slavery Society 1843 lecture tour "What to the Slave Is the Fourth of July?" (1852) "The Constitution of the United States: is it pro-slavery or anti-slavery?" (1860) "Self-Made Men" (1885)
Life	Seneca Falls Convention Fugitive Slave Convention Equal Rights Party (1872 vice presidential nominee) Douglass Place Frederick Douglass National Historic Site (home and memorial)
Honors	List of things named after Frederick Douglass U.S. Capitol statue Frederick Douglass Memorial Frederick Douglass Memorial Bridge Douglass–Anthony Memorial Bridge Frederick Douglass Circle Douglass Park Frederick Douglass Memorial Park University of Maryland statue Rochester statue Denver statue Banneker-Douglass-Tubman Museum Washington, D.C. neighborhood
Family	Anna Murray Douglass (first wife) Helen Pitts Douglass (second wife) Rosetta Douglass (daughter) Lewis Henry Douglass (son) Charles Remond Douglass (son) Joseph Douglass (grandson) Fredericka Douglass Sprague Perry (granddaughter)
Related	African American founding fathers of the United States Frederick Douglass (1985 opera) Frederick Douglass (1991 opera) Frederick Douglass and the White Negro (2008 documentary) The Good Lord Bird (2020 miniseries) John Brown's raid on Harpers Ferry Nathan and Mary Johnson home Shields Green

v t e Underground Railroad
People	William Brinkley John Brown Owen Brown Samuel Burris Levi Coffin Richard Dillingham Frederick Douglass Calvin Fairbank Isaac S. Flint Thomas Garrett Frances Harper Laura Smith Haviland David Hudson Daniel Hughes Peg Leg Joe William Cooper Nell Harriet Forten Purvis Robert Purvis John Rankin Hetty Reckless Gerrit Smith William Still Calvin Ellis Stowe Harriet Beecher Stowe Charles Turner Torrey Harriet Tubman Delia Webster
Places	List of Underground Railroad sites houses churches Underground Railroad in Indiana British Methodist Episcopal Church, Salem Chapel
Events	Emeline and Samuel Hawkins flight (1845) Pearl incident (1848) Kentucky raid in Cass County (1847) The South Bend Fugitive Slave Case (1849) Christiana Riot (1851) Jerry Rescue (1851) Uncle Tom's Cabin (1852 book) Joshua Glover rescue (1854) Dred: A Tale of the Great Dismal Swamp (1856 book) Dover Eight (1857) Oberlin–Wellington Rescue (1858) Tilly Escape (1856) Ann Maria Jackson and her seven children (1859) Thirteenth Amendment (1865)
Topics	Abolitionism in the United States Abolitionism opponents of slavery African-American opponents publications Fugitive slaves Fugitive slave laws 1850 Quilts Reverse Underground Railroad Signals lawn jockey Slave catcher Songs of the Underground Railroad The Underground Railroad Records (1872 book)
Related	National Underground Railroad Freedom Center Harriet Tubman Memorial (Boston) Harriet Tubman Underground Railroad National Historical Park Harriet Tubman Underground Railroad State Park visitor center Niagara Falls Underground Railroad Heritage Center Underground Railroad Bicycle Route The Railroad to Freedom: A Story of the Civil War (1932 book) A Woman Called Moses (1978 miniseries) Roots of Resistance (1989 documentary) The Quest for Freedom (1992 film) Freedom: The Underground Railroad (2013 board game) The North Star (2016 film) Underground (2016 TV series) Harriet (2019 film) The Underground Railroad (2021 miniseries)
See also: Slavery in the United States and Slavery in Canada

Authority control databases
International	VIAF
National	United States