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{{Short description|Fad diet}}
The '''Master Cleanse''' [[detox diet]], also known as the '''Lemonade Diet''', was created by [[Stanley Burroughs]] in 1941 and made popular by [[Peter Glickman]] through his book ''Lose Weight, Have More Energy and Be Happier in 10 Days'', which promotes Burroughs' regimen to a modern audience.<ref name="Mac">{{cite journal
[[Image:Master Cleanse.jpg|thumb|right|250px|Master Cleanse ingredients]]
| last =Patriquin
| first =Martin
| title = Star loses 22 lb. on maple syrup diet!
| journal = Maclean's
| volume = 119
| issue = 36/37
| pages = 73
| date = [[2006-09-11]]
| url = http://proquest.umi.com/pqdlink?did=1133225081&Fmt=7&clientId=12520&RQT=309&VName=PQD
| accessdate = 2007-02-15 }}</ref>
== The diet ==
Although the recipe varies from source to source the ingredients are generally the same. The Master Cleanse involves eating no solid food. Instead, you drink a mixture of [[lemon]] juice, Grade B/Medium [[maple syrup]], [[water]] and [[Cayenne pepper]].


'''Master Cleanse''' (also called the '''lemonade diet''' or '''lemon detox diet''') is a modified [[juice fasting|juice fast]] that permits no food, substituting [[tea]] and [[lemonade]] made with [[maple syrup]] and [[cayenne pepper]]. The diet was developed by [[Stanley Burroughs]], who initially marketed it in the 1940s, and revived it in his 1976 book ''The Master Cleanser''.<ref name="MC">{{cite book
This mix can be taken cold, as a cordial; or hot, as a tea. The mix contains some essential vitamins and minerals.

As solid food is not eaten it is necessary to help the digestive system eliminate material and avoid constipation. This is achieved in two ways: [[laxative]] tea is taken every night, and in the morning, 32 ounces of lukewarm sea salt water serves as a top-down [[enema]]. This passes through the digestive system extremely quickly—30-60 minutes.<ref name="losewt"/>

The diet is for a recommended minimum of ten days, although it is not uncommon for people to stay on the cleanse for longer periods of time.<ref name="losewt"/>

Fasting for such long periods requires careful breaking, as intestinal cultures need to re-develop and mucus linings re-build. This usually involves drinking "full strength" juices for a day or two, while slowly adding in soups, then fruit, vegetables and nuts before resuming a regular diet. This fast break is an ideal time to add [[probiotics]] to re-establish a healthy intestinal culture.
<ref name="MC">{{cite book
| last = Burroughs
| first = Stanley
| authorlink = Stanley Burroughs
| title = The Master Cleanser
| title = The Master Cleanser
| publisher = Burroughs Books
| publisher = Burroughs Books
| year = 1976
| year = 1976
| pages = [https://archive.org/details/mastercleanserwi00burr/page/16 16–22, 25]
| pages = 16-22
| isbn = 0963926209 }}</ref><ref name="losewt"/>
| isbn = 978-0-9639262-0-3
| author = Stanley Burroughs
| url-access = registration
| url = https://archive.org/details/mastercleanserwi00burr/page/16
}}</ref> Proponents claim that the diet tones, reduces and cleanses the body, allowing the body to heal itself. There is no evidence that the diet removes any toxins or that it achieves anything beyond temporary weight loss, followed by rapidly regaining the lost weight.<ref name="health.harvard.edu"/>


Though unlikely to be harmful over the short term, Master Cleanse and similar programs can be harmful over the long term. The diet lacks protein, fatty acids, and other essential nutrients and depends entirely on [[carbohydrate]]s for calories. The daily laxative regimen can cause electrolyte imbalances and disrupt the normal gastrointestinal [[microbiome]]. In the longer run, staying on the Master Cleanse diet could result in severe [[metabolic acidosis]], which can lead to coma or death.<ref name="health.harvard.edu">{{cite web | publisher = Harvard Medical School | work = Harvard Women's Health Watch | url = http://www.health.harvard.edu/family_health_guide/the-dubious-practice-of-detox | title = The dubious practice of detox | date = May 2008}}</ref> The Master Cleanse diet is considered a [[fad diet]] by nutritionists.<ref>Albala, Ken. (2015). ''The SAGE Encyclopedia of Food Issues, Volume 1''. SAGE Publications. p. 1475. {{ISBN|978-14522-4301-6}}</ref><ref name="Kumar">Kumar, Maya Michelle; Docter, Alicia Dixon. (2022). ''Fad Diets and Adolescents: A Guide for Clinicians, Educators, Coaches and Trainers''. Springer. p. 10. {{ISBN|978-3031105654}}</ref>
The Master Cleanse is said by Stanley Burroughs and later authors to eliminate toxins and congestion that have built up in the body.<ref name=MC/> Because it is not a complete source of macro-nutrients, it should be considered as another form of [[Fasting|fasting]], rather than a diet.


Nutritionist Jane Clark points to a lack of essential nutrients in this program, citing a deficiency of protein, vitamins, and minerals. As a result of these deficiencies, including far fewer calories than the recommended amount for health and optimum functioning, individuals on the diet may experience headaches and a variety of other symptoms in the short term and the diet is potentially harmful over the long term.<ref name=timesonline>{{cite news |title=The nutritionist's view |first=Jane |last=Clarke |url=https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/the-nutritionists-view-ft6cn80nwcg |access-date=2008-01-30 |work=The Times (London UK): pp. 4 |archive-date=2020-08-18 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20200818182602/https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/the-nutritionists-view-ft6cn80nwcg |url-status=live }}</ref>
Supporters of the Master Cleanse have credited it with helping them lose weight, increase energy, and even alleviate some chronic diseases.<ref name="losewt">{{cite book
| last = Glickman
| first = Peter
| authorlink = Peter Glickman
| title = Lose Weight, Have More Energy & Be Happier in 10 Days
| publisher = Peter Glickman, Inc.
| year = 2005
| isbn = 0975572229 }}</ref>


While the Master Cleanse diet can result in short-term weight loss, unless lasting changes are incorporated into one's diet after the regimen, the weight lost during the fast will be regained once the diet is stopped. Dietician Keri Glassman has said those following the diet are "guaranteed" to gain weight after stopping.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.cbsnews.com/news/do-detox-diets-work-are-they-safe/ | work=CBS News|date=April 23, 2008|title=Do "Detox" Diets Work? Are They Safe?}}</ref>
Some in the entertainment industry have misunderstood fasting as a weight loss diet. Recently, the cleanse received media attention as a result of being embraced by some celebrities. The singer/actress [[Beyoncé Knowles|Beyoncé]] did it for 14 days and lost 22 [[Pound (mass)|lb]] (9 [[kilogram|kg]]) for her role in the 2006 movie [[Dreamgirls (film)|Dreamgirls]].<ref name="Mac"/> [[Howard Stern]]'s cohost [[Robin Quivers]] claims to have lost 73 lb using the Master Cleanse. Similarly, [[Jared Leto]] says he lost the weight he gained to play '[[Mark David Chapman]]' (he gained 62 lb) all from the master cleanse [http://imdb.com/name/nm0001467/bio]<ref name="skeptical">{{cite news
| title = Experts skeptical of 'Master Cleanse' detox diet
| url = http://www.cnn.com/2007/HEALTH/05/02/master.cleanse.ap/index.html
| work = [[Associated Press]] via [[CNN]]
| date = [[2007-05-02]]
| accessdate = 2007-05-02 }}</ref>
Bonnie Righte aka Ginny Weasley is on currently supposedly (rumour)


There was popular interest in the Master Cleanse diet when American singer [[Beyoncé]] promoted it on ''[[The Oprah Winfrey Show]]'' in 2006.<ref name="Kumar"/>
Individuals who are more than 50lbs overweight at recommended to eat one low calorie meal a day. Rapid decrease of calories for heavier people will lead to faster weight loss, but after they are done the cleanse they will gain the weight back faster. It is important to incorporate a healthy meal at first to slowly ween the body into eating less.


== See also ==
== The Different Juice Fasting Stages of Detoxification ==
* [[Detoxification (alternative medicine)]]
* [[List of diets]]
* [[Pseudoscience]]


== References ==
'''Stage 1 (Day 1 To Day 2)'''
{{reflist|2}}
On the first day of fasting, the blood sugar level drops below 70 mg/dl. To restore the blood to the normal glucose level, liver glycogen is converted to glucose and released into the blood. This reserve is enough for half a day. The body then reduces the basal metabolic rate (BMR). The rate of internal chemical activity in resting tissue is lowered to conserve energy. The heart slows and blood pressure is reduced. Glycogen is pulled from the muscle causing some weakness. The first wave of cleansing is usually the worst.


==External links==
Headaches, dizziness, nausea, bad breath, glazed eyes and a heavily coated tongue are signs of the first stage of cleansing. Hunger can be the most intense in this period unless the enema is used which quickly assists the body into the fasting state by ending digestion in the colon.
*[https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/324670.php What to know about the lemon detox diet] - Medical News Today

'''Stage 2 (Day 3 To Day 7)'''
Fats, composed of transformed fatty acids, are broken down to release glycerol from the gliceride molecules and are converted to glucose. The skin may become oily as rancid oils are purged from the body. People with problem-free skin may have a few days of pimples or even a boil. A pallid complexion is also a sign of waste in the blood. Ketones are formed by the incomplete oxidation of fats. It is suspected that the ketones in the blood suppress the appetite by affecting the food-satiety center in the hypothalamus. You may feel hungry for the first few days of the fast. This effect is temporary. The desire to eat will disappear. Lack of hunger may last 40 to 60 days, depending on whether you are on water or juice.

The body embraces the fast and the digestive system is able to take a much-needed rest, focusing all of its energies on cleansing and healing. White blood cell and immune system activity increases. You may feel pain in your lungs. The cleansing organs and the lungs are in the process of being repaired. Periodically, the lymphatic system expels mucoid matter through the nose or throat. The volume excreted of this yellow-colored mucus can be shocking. The sinuses go through periods of being clogged, then will totally clear. The breath is still foul and the tongue coated. Within the intestine, the colon is being repaired and impacted feces on the intestinal wall start to loosen.

'''Stage 3 (Day 8 to Day 15)'''
On the latter part of an extended fast, you can experience enhanced energy, clear-mindedness and feel better than you have felt since childhood. On the downside, old injuries may become irritated and painful. This is a result of the body's increased ability to heal during fasting. If you had broken your arm 10 years before, there is scar tissue around the break. At the time of the break, the body's ability to heal was directly related to lifestyle. If you lived on a junk-food diet, the body's natural healing ability was compromised.

During fasting, the body's healing process is at optimum efficiency. As the body scours for dead or damaged tissue, the lymphocytes enter the older, damaged tissue secreting substances to dissolve the damaged cells. These substances irritate the nerves in the surrounding region and cause a reoccurrence of aches from previously injured areas that may have disappeared years earlier. The pain is good as the body is completing the healing process. The muscles may become tight and sore due to toxin irritation. The legs can be the worst affected, as toxins accumulate in the legs. Cankers are common in this stage due to the excessive bacteria in the mouth. Daily gargling with salt and water will prevent or heal cankers.

'''Stage 4 (Day 16 to Day 30)'''
The body is completely adapted to the fasting process. There is more energy and clarity of mind. Cleansing periods can be short with many days of feeling good in between. There are days when the tongue is pink and the breath is fresh. The healing work of the organs is being completed. After the detoxification mechanisms have removed the causative agent or render it harmless, the body works at maximum capacity in tissue proliferation to replace damaged tissue. While a short fast will reduce the symptoms, a longer fast can completely heal. Homeostatic balance is at optimum levels. The lymphatic system is clean except for a rare discharge of mucus through the nose or throat. After day 20, the mind is affected. Heightened clarity and emotional balance are felt at this time. Memory and concentration improve.

'''Stage 5 (Breaking the Fast)'''
The sticky, toxic, mucoid coating on the intestinal wall is loose, and the first meal frees it from the intestinal wall. Toxins enter the blood through the colon. The gallbladder dumps its waste in a heavy discharge of bile. This can cause an instant bowel movement upon eating followed by intense diarrhea. If the symptoms are too uncomfortable, an enema will help.

''This article was written by, Mr. Tom McGregor, author of'' Eating in Freedom. [http://www.juicefasting.org/detox.htm]

== Criticism ==

Some critics point to lack of essential nutrients in this fast, citing a deficiency of protein, vitamins, and minerals.<ref name="times">{{cite news
| last = Clarke
| first = Jane
| title = The nutritionist's view:Lemon aid
| work = The Times (London UK)
| pages = 4
| language =
|date=2006-01-24
| url = http://www.timesonline.co.uk/article/0,,7-2006236,00.html
| accessdate = 2008-01-30 }}</ref>

As a result of these deficiencies, individuals on the diet may experience dizziness, delirium, and fainting in the short term, with possible damage to the body occurring in longer-term applications.<ref name="times"/> Dr. Joel Fuhrman attributes these effects to detoxification, which he says passes after the toxins are eliminated.<ref name="symptoms">{{cite book
| last = Fuhrman, MD
| first = Joel
| authorlink = Joel Fuhrman
| title = Fasting & Eating for Health: A Medical Doctor's Program for Conquering Disease
| publisher = St. Martin's Griffin
| year = 1998
| pages = 221
| isbn = 0-312-18719-X }}</ref>

Many authors assert the benefits of fasting are related to its lack of nutrients, particularly macronutrients.<ref name="symptoms"/><ref name="gabriel">{{cite book
| last = Cousens, MD
| first = Gabriel
| title = Conscious Eating
| publisher = North Atlantic Books
| year = 2005
| isbn = 1556432852 }}</ref><ref name="cleanse">{{cite book
| last = Anderson, ND, NMD
| first = Richard
| title = Cleanse and Purify Thyself, Book 1.5
| publisher = Triumph Business
| year = 1998
| isbn = 1880170035 }}</ref><ref name="bragg">{{cite book
| last = Bragg
| first = Paul
| authorlink = Paul Bragg
| title = The Miracle of Fasting
| publisher = Health Science
| year = 2004
| isbn = 0877900396 }}</ref>

People with intestinal conditions such as [[Irritable Bowel Syndrome]] may experience added discomfort while on the cleanse.<ref name="times"/>

There is a risk that the saltwater "flush" may remove both beneficial and harmful bacteria from the body<ref name=times/>. A no-food diet may cause the gut to stop passing food, resulting in [[constipation]], or may make the consumption of food immediately after the fast painful. These are the important reasons to follow the fasts' instructions correctly..

Medical authorities say that those who try the Master Cleanse to lose weight will gain it back in time.<ref name="skeptical"/> Beyoncé denounced using the cleanse as a weight-loss program, stating, "I wouldn't recommend it if someone wasn't doing a movie ... there are other ways to lose weight."<ref name="Mac"/> Proponents of the cleanse do not recommend it solely for weight loss, instead focusing on its alleged detoxifying properties.<ref name="losewt"/> Dr. Sunil Patel of Halifax's [[QEII Health Sciences Centre]] has suggested that the cleanse operates as a [[placebo]] and has no other health benefits.<ref name="Mac"/>

Others have claimed that one benefit of the Master Cleanse is that it helps patients re-examine their lifestyle and embrace healthy eating.<ref name="times"/>

== External Links ==

The Different Juice Fasting Stages of Detoxification [ http://www.juicefasting.org/detox.htm ]

Answering the Critics of the Master Cleanse, Peter Glickman's BB [ http://therawfoodsite.com/forum/showthread.php?t=2981]

== References ==
{{Citations broken|date=July 2007}}
{{Harvard reference | Surname=Glickman | Given=Peter | Title=Lose Weight, Have More Energy & Be Happier in 10 Days | Publisher=Peter Glickman, Inc. | Place=Clearwater, Florida | Year=2005}}.
{{Harvard reference | Surname=Burroughs | Given=Stanley | Title=The Master Cleanser | Publisher=Burroughs Books | Place=Reno, Nevada | Year=1976}}.


{{Diets}}
<references/>
{{Fad diets}}


[[Category:Alternative medicine]]
[[Category:Alternative detoxification]]
[[Category:Detoxification methods]]
[[Category:Fad diets]]

Latest revision as of 06:20, 10 September 2024

Master Cleanse ingredients

Master Cleanse (also called the lemonade diet or lemon detox diet) is a modified juice fast that permits no food, substituting tea and lemonade made with maple syrup and cayenne pepper. The diet was developed by Stanley Burroughs, who initially marketed it in the 1940s, and revived it in his 1976 book The Master Cleanser.[1] Proponents claim that the diet tones, reduces and cleanses the body, allowing the body to heal itself. There is no evidence that the diet removes any toxins or that it achieves anything beyond temporary weight loss, followed by rapidly regaining the lost weight.[2]

Though unlikely to be harmful over the short term, Master Cleanse and similar programs can be harmful over the long term. The diet lacks protein, fatty acids, and other essential nutrients and depends entirely on carbohydrates for calories. The daily laxative regimen can cause electrolyte imbalances and disrupt the normal gastrointestinal microbiome. In the longer run, staying on the Master Cleanse diet could result in severe metabolic acidosis, which can lead to coma or death.[2] The Master Cleanse diet is considered a fad diet by nutritionists.[3][4]

Nutritionist Jane Clark points to a lack of essential nutrients in this program, citing a deficiency of protein, vitamins, and minerals. As a result of these deficiencies, including far fewer calories than the recommended amount for health and optimum functioning, individuals on the diet may experience headaches and a variety of other symptoms in the short term and the diet is potentially harmful over the long term.[5]

While the Master Cleanse diet can result in short-term weight loss, unless lasting changes are incorporated into one's diet after the regimen, the weight lost during the fast will be regained once the diet is stopped. Dietician Keri Glassman has said those following the diet are "guaranteed" to gain weight after stopping.[6]

There was popular interest in the Master Cleanse diet when American singer Beyoncé promoted it on The Oprah Winfrey Show in 2006.[4]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Stanley Burroughs (1976). The Master Cleanser. Burroughs Books. pp. 16–22, 25. ISBN 978-0-9639262-0-3.
  2. ^ a b "The dubious practice of detox". Harvard Women's Health Watch. Harvard Medical School. May 2008.
  3. ^ Albala, Ken. (2015). The SAGE Encyclopedia of Food Issues, Volume 1. SAGE Publications. p. 1475. ISBN 978-14522-4301-6
  4. ^ a b Kumar, Maya Michelle; Docter, Alicia Dixon. (2022). Fad Diets and Adolescents: A Guide for Clinicians, Educators, Coaches and Trainers. Springer. p. 10. ISBN 978-3031105654
  5. ^ Clarke, Jane. "The nutritionist's view". The Times (London UK): pp. 4. Archived from the original on 2020-08-18. Retrieved 2008-01-30.
  6. ^ "Do "Detox" Diets Work? Are They Safe?". CBS News. April 23, 2008.
[edit]
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