Monohydrocalcite: Difference between revisions
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{{Infobox mineral |
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| name = Monohydrocalcite |
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| image = monohydrocalcite.jpg |
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| category = [[Carbonate mineral]]s |
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| formula = CaCO<sub>3</sub>·H<sub>2</sub>O |
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| IMAsymbol = Mhcal<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Warr|first=L.N.|date=2021|title=IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols|journal=Mineralogical Magazine|volume=85|issue=3 |pages=291–320|doi=10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |bibcode=2021MinM...85..291W |s2cid=235729616 |doi-access=free}}</ref> |
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| strunz = 5.CB.20 |
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| system = [[Trigonal]] |
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| class = Trapezohedral (32) <br/><small>(same [[H-M symbol]])</small> |
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| symmetry = ''P3''<sub>1</sub>21 |
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| references = <ref>[https://www.mineralienatlas.de/lexikon/index.php/MineralData?mineral=Monohydrocalcite Mineralienatlas]</ref> |
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'''Monohydrocalcite''' is a mineral that is a hydrous form of [[calcium carbonate]], CaCO<sub>3</sub>·H<sub>2</sub>O. It was formerly also known by the name hydrocalcite, which is now discredited by the [[International Mineralogical Association|IMA]]. It is a [[rhombohedral crystal system|trigonal]] [[mineral]] which is white when pure. Monohydrocalcite is not a common rock-forming mineral, but is |
'''Monohydrocalcite''' is a mineral that is a hydrous form of [[calcium carbonate]], CaCO<sub>3</sub>·H<sub>2</sub>O. It was formerly also known by the name hydrocalcite, which is now discredited by the [[International Mineralogical Association|IMA]]. It is a [[rhombohedral crystal system|trigonal]] [[mineral]] which is white when pure. Monohydrocalcite is not a common rock-forming mineral, but is |
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frequently associated with other calcium and magnesium [[carbonate minerals]], such as [[calcite]], [[aragonite]], [[lansfordite]], and [[nesquehonite]]. |
frequently associated with other calcium and magnesium [[carbonate minerals]], such as [[calcite]], [[aragonite]], [[lansfordite]], and [[nesquehonite]]. |
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It is well known in [[Robe, South Australia|Robe]] on the [[Limestone Coast]] of [[South Australia]] as a component of beach sands of Lake Fellmongery and Lake Butler,<ref>{{cite journal | last1 = Swainson | first1 = I. P. | title = The structure of monohydrocalcite and the phase composition of the beachrock deposits of Lake Butler and Lake Fellmongery, South Australia | journal = [[American Mineralogist]] | year = 2008 | volume = 93 | issue = 7| pages = 1014–1018 | doi = 10.2138/am.2008.2825 | bibcode = 2008AmMin..93.1014S| s2cid = 55068729 }}</ref> |
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It is well-known in [[Robe, South Australia|Robe]] on the [[Limestone Coast]] of [[South Australia]] as a component of beach sands of Lake Fellmongery and Lake Butler, |
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It has been reported as a significant component of the decomposition of [[ikaite]] |
It has been reported as a significant component of the decomposition of [[ikaite]] |
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in the towers of the Ikka Fjord, West [[Greenland]]. It is also noted for its bizarre occurrences, which include inside the [[otolith]]s of the [[tiger shark]], |
in the towers of the Ikka Fjord, West [[Greenland]].<ref>{{cite journal | last1 = Dahl | first1 = K. | last2 = Buchardt | first2 = B. | year = 2006 | title = Monohydrocalcite in the arctic Ikka Fjord, SW Greenland:First reported marine occurrence | journal = [[Journal of Sedimentary Research]] | volume = 76 | issue = 3| pages = 460–471 | doi = 10.2110/jsr.2006.035 | bibcode = 2006JSedR..76..460D }}</ref> It is also noted for its bizarre occurrences, which include inside the [[otolith]]s of the [[tiger shark]], |
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the [[urinary bladder|bladder]] of a [[guinea pig]],<ref name="guinea">Catherine, H., Skinner, K., Osbaldiston, G. W., Wilner, A. N. Monohydrocalcite in a guinea pig bladder stone, a novel occurrence. [[American Mineralogist]], 62: 273 – 277, 1977.</ref> the calcareous corpuscles of a [[cestode]] parasite,<ref>{{cite journal | last1 = Señorale-Pose | first1 = M. | last2 = Chalara | first2 = C. | last3 = Dauphin | first3 = Y. | last4 = Massard | first4 = P. | last5 = Pradel | first5 = P. | last6 = Marína | first6 = M. | title = Monohydrocalcite in calcareous corpuscles of ''Mesocestoides corti'' | journal = [[Experimental Parasitology]] | year = 2008 | volume = 118 | issue = 1| pages = 54–58 | doi = 10.1016/j.exppara.2007.06.011 | pmid = 17761166 }}</ref> and the final stages of decomposition of the putrefying flesh of the giant [[saguaro]] [[cactus]].<ref>Garvie, L.A.J. Decay-induced biomineralization of the saguaro cactus (''Carnegiea gigantea'') [[American Mineralogist]], 88: 1879–1888, 2003.</ref> These occurrences suggest |
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the [[urinary bladder|bladder]] of a [[guinea pig]], and the final stages of decomposition of the putrefying flesh of the giant [[saguaro]] [[cactus]]. These occurrences suggest |
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a biochemical origin is possible. |
a biochemical origin is possible. |
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==Formation of monohydrocalcite== |
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Monohydrocalcite forms via a Mg-rich [[amorphous calcium carbonate]] (ACC) precursor. This Mg-rich ACC forms rapidly (seconds) and then transforms to monohydrocalcite via dissolution and reprecipitation, with monohydrocalcite forming via a nucleation-controlled reaction like [[Spherulite (polymer physics)|spherulitic growth]]. |
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Recent studies<ref>{{cite journal | last1 = Rodriguez-Blanco | first1 = J.D. | last2 = Shaw | first2 = S. | last3 = Bots | first3 = P. | last4 = Roncal-Herrero | first4 = T. | last5 = Benning | first5 = L.G. | year = 2014 | title = The role of Mg in the crystallisation of monohydrocalcite | url = http://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/80229/ | journal = Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta | volume = 127 | pages = 204–220 | doi = 10.1016/j.gca.2013.11.034 | bibcode=2014GeCoA.127..204R}}</ref> have highlighted the importance of Mg in the formation process of monohydrocalcite. The presence of Mg in solution is known to inhibit the formation of [[vaterite]] and [[calcite]]. However, the hydrated nature of monohydrocalcite means that full dehydration of Mg is not required before incorporation of this ion into this mineral and therefore it will more likely form than the anhydrous calcium carbonate phases. |
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== Footnotes == |
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{{Reflist}} |
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==Further reading== |
==Further reading== |
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* Catherine, H., Skinner, K., Osbaldiston, G. W., Wilner, A. N. Monohydrocalcite in a guinea pig bladder stone, a novel occurrence. American Mineralogist, 62: 273 - 277, 1977. |
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* Dahl, K., Buchardt B. Monohydrocalcite in the arctic Ikka Fjord, SW Greenland:First reported marine occurrence. Journal of Sedimentary Research, 2006, vol. 76. DOI: 10.2110/jsr.2006.035 |
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* Garvie, L.A.J. Decay-induced biomineralization of the saguaro cactus (Carnegiea gigantea) American Mineralogist, 88: 1879-1888, 2003 |
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==External links== |
==External links== |
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[[Category:Calcium minerals]] |
[[Category:Calcium minerals]] |
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[[Category:Carbonate minerals]] |
[[Category:Carbonate minerals]] |
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{{mineral-stub}} |
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Latest revision as of 21:17, 18 January 2024
| Monohydrocalcite | |
|---|---|
 The crystal structure of monohydrocalcite. Ca is shown as a blue atom, O atoms red, and the carbonate anion and water molecules are shown as bonded entities. | |
| General | |
| Category | Carbonate minerals |
| Formula (repeating unit) | CaCO3·H2O |
| IMA symbol | Mhcal[1] |
| Strunz classification | 5.CB.20 |
| Crystal system | Trigonal |
| Crystal class | Trapezohedral (32) (same H-M symbol) |
| Space group | P3121 |
| Identification | |
| References | [2] |
Monohydrocalcite is a mineral that is a hydrous form of calcium carbonate, CaCO3·H2O. It was formerly also known by the name hydrocalcite, which is now discredited by the IMA. It is a trigonal mineral which is white when pure. Monohydrocalcite is not a common rock-forming mineral, but is frequently associated with other calcium and magnesium carbonate minerals, such as calcite, aragonite, lansfordite, and nesquehonite.
Monohydrocalcite has been observed in air conditioning systems, and in moonmilk deposits in caves, both probably formed from spray of carbonate rich fluids. It is well known in Robe on the Limestone Coast of South Australia as a component of beach sands of Lake Fellmongery and Lake Butler,[3] where it is believed to be formed from algal spume. Other lacustrine deposits include Lake Issyk-Kul, Kyrgyzstan, Lake Kivu, Democratic Republic of the Congo, and Solar Lake, Sinai.
It has been reported as a significant component of the decomposition of ikaite in the towers of the Ikka Fjord, West Greenland.[4] It is also noted for its bizarre occurrences, which include inside the otoliths of the tiger shark, the bladder of a guinea pig,[5] the calcareous corpuscles of a cestode parasite,[6] and the final stages of decomposition of the putrefying flesh of the giant saguaro cactus.[7] These occurrences suggest a biochemical origin is possible.
Formation of monohydrocalcite
[edit]Monohydrocalcite forms via a Mg-rich amorphous calcium carbonate (ACC) precursor. This Mg-rich ACC forms rapidly (seconds) and then transforms to monohydrocalcite via dissolution and reprecipitation, with monohydrocalcite forming via a nucleation-controlled reaction like spherulitic growth.
Recent studies[8] have highlighted the importance of Mg in the formation process of monohydrocalcite. The presence of Mg in solution is known to inhibit the formation of vaterite and calcite. However, the hydrated nature of monohydrocalcite means that full dehydration of Mg is not required before incorporation of this ion into this mineral and therefore it will more likely form than the anhydrous calcium carbonate phases.
Footnotes
[edit]- ^ Warr, L.N. (2021). "IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols". Mineralogical Magazine. 85 (3): 291–320. Bibcode:2021MinM...85..291W. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43. S2CID 235729616.
- ^ Mineralienatlas
- ^ Swainson, I. P. (2008). "The structure of monohydrocalcite and the phase composition of the beachrock deposits of Lake Butler and Lake Fellmongery, South Australia". American Mineralogist. 93 (7): 1014–1018. Bibcode:2008AmMin..93.1014S. doi:10.2138/am.2008.2825. S2CID 55068729.
- ^ Dahl, K.; Buchardt, B. (2006). "Monohydrocalcite in the arctic Ikka Fjord, SW Greenland:First reported marine occurrence". Journal of Sedimentary Research. 76 (3): 460–471. Bibcode:2006JSedR..76..460D. doi:10.2110/jsr.2006.035.
- ^ Catherine, H., Skinner, K., Osbaldiston, G. W., Wilner, A. N. Monohydrocalcite in a guinea pig bladder stone, a novel occurrence. American Mineralogist, 62: 273 – 277, 1977.
- ^ Señorale-Pose, M.; Chalara, C.; Dauphin, Y.; Massard, P.; Pradel, P.; Marína, M. (2008). "Monohydrocalcite in calcareous corpuscles of Mesocestoides corti". Experimental Parasitology. 118 (1): 54–58. doi:10.1016/j.exppara.2007.06.011. PMID 17761166.
- ^ Garvie, L.A.J. Decay-induced biomineralization of the saguaro cactus (Carnegiea gigantea) American Mineralogist, 88: 1879–1888, 2003.
- ^ Rodriguez-Blanco, J.D.; Shaw, S.; Bots, P.; Roncal-Herrero, T.; Benning, L.G. (2014). "The role of Mg in the crystallisation of monohydrocalcite". Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta. 127: 204–220. Bibcode:2014GeCoA.127..204R. doi:10.1016/j.gca.2013.11.034.
Further reading
[edit]- Hull, H.; Turnbull, A. G. (1973). "A thermochemical study of monohydrocalcite". Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta. 37 (3): 685–694. Bibcode:1973GeCoA..37..685H. doi:10.1016/0016-7037(73)90227-5..