Jump to content

Sons and Daughters (Australian TV series): Difference between revisions

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Browse history interactively
← Previous edit
Content deleted Content added
VisualWikitext
No edit summary
m →top: Typo fixing, replaced: coincidently → coincidentally, Rio DE Jeneiro → Rio de Janeiro, see's → sees
 
Line 1: Line 1:
{{short description|Australian soap opera}}
:''This article is about the Australian television show. For other uses, see [[Sons and Daughters]].''
{{multiple issues|section=yes|
{{more citations needed|date=June 2022}}
{{Overly detailed|date=August 2018}}
}}


{{Use Australian English|date=February 2012}}
{{infobox television |
{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2023}}
| show_name = Sons And Daughters
{{Infobox television
| image = <!-- Deleted image removed: [[Image:Sonsanddaughters.jpg]] -->
| image = Sons and daughters au-show.jpg
| caption =
| image_size = 250
| format = [[Drama]]
| caption =
| runtime = 25 minutes
| alt_name =
| creator = [[Reg Watson]]
| genre = [[Soap opera]]
| starring = [[Rowena Wallace]]<br>[[Tom Richards (actor)]]<br>[[Leila Hayes]]<br>[[Brian Blain]]<br>[[Pat McDonald]]<br>[[Ian Rawlings]]<br>[[Belinda Giblin]]<br>[[Sarah Kemp]]<br>[[Abigail (actress)|Abigail]]<br>[[Peter Phelps]]<br>[[Ally Fowler]]<br>[[Kim Lewis]]<br>[[Alyce Platt]]<br>[[Lyndel Rowe]]
| country = [[Australia]]
| creator = [[Reg Watson]]
| based_on =
| network = [[Seven Network]]
| developer =
| first_aired = 1981
| writer = See links at end of article for comprehensive list
| last_aired = 1987
| director = See links at end of article for comprehensive list
| num_episodes = 972
| creative_director =
| imdb_id = 0081935
| starring = (see main cast list and character family tree below)
}}
| narrated =
| theme_music_composer =
| opentheme =
| endtheme =
| composer =
| country = Australia
| language = English
| num_seasons = 6
| num_episodes = 972
| list_episodes =
| executive_producer =
| producer =
| editor =
| location = Sydney<br/>[[Melbourne]]
| cinematography =
| camera =
| runtime = 25 minutes
| company = [[Reg Grundy Organisation]]
| network = [[Seven Network]]
| first_aired = {{start date|1982|1|18|df=y}}
| last_aired = {{end date|1987|12|27|df=y}}
| related =
}}


'''''Sons and Daughters''''' was an [[Logie Award]] winning[[Australia]]n [[soap opera]] created by [[Reg Watson]] and produced by the [[Reg Grundy Organisation]]. It screened on the [[Seven Network]] in an early evening timeslot, running from December 1981 until 1987. The series commenced in Melbourne with the first three episodes screened in a 90 minute format on Monday 18 January 1982 at 7pm.A repeat run on the Seven Network in Australia ran in October 2006 but this ended in March 2007. A DVD marking the 25th Anniversary of ''Sons and Daughters'' was released in October 2006.
'''''Sons and Daughters''''' is an Australian [[Logie Awards|Logie Award]]-winning [[soap opera]]/drama serial, broadcast by the [[Seven Network]] between January 1982 and December 1987 and produced by the [[Reg Grundy Organisation]]. It was created by executive [[Reg Watson]], and is distributed by [[Fremantle (company)|Fremantle]].


Sons and Daughters is remembered for its regular use of dramatic end-of-season [[cliffhangers]] and its most famous character; Patricia "Pat the Rat" Hamilton, initially played by [[Rowena Wallace]], who became the second soap opera actor, rather than personality after [[Pat McDonald (actress)|Pat McDonald]] to win the [[Gold Logie]] award for her performance in the role - (McDonald had previously won the Gold Logie for her role in 70's soap opera ''[[Number 96 (TV series)|Number 96]]'' as Dorrie Evans, coincidentally she also starred in Sons and Daughters, featuring for its entire run.
==Love and laughter==
The initial premise introduced handsome working-class John Palmer ([[Peter Phelps]]) from [[Melbourne]] who, while on the run for murder, moved to [[Sydney]] and fell in love with defiant rich girl Angela Hamilton ([[Ally Fowler]]). It was soon learned that John and Angela were in fact brother and sister, twins who were separated at birth and raised separately. John had initially been raised by the wise former [[prostitute]] Fiona Thompson ([[Pat McDonald]]) before returning to his father, and Angela raised by her mother who had married into money.


Wallace decided to leave the series when in 1985, and her popular character was recast, with [[Belinda Giblin]] taking over the role, in a story-arc which sees the character receiving extensive plastic surgery in the Rio de Janeiro, and returning as the look-alike Alison Carr.
The parents of the twins had each married other people and raised families which at the time the series started had other adult children. In Melbourne the Palmer family comprised John's father David ([[Tom Richards]]), a truck driver; David's wife Beryl ([[Leila Hayes]]), a warm-hearted, down-to-earth housewife. Their children together were Susan ([[Ann Henderson-Stiers]]) and Kevin ([[Stephen Comey]]), who were both engaged. Susan to Bill Todd ([[Andrew McKaige]]) and Kevin to Lynn Hardy ([[Antonia Murphy]]). Bill had committed the murder for which John was accused. John was soon cleared and Bill convicted.


A notable cast members in the series later years was the Australian pop singer [[Normie Rowe]], Rowe had previously appeared in musical theatre, but it was his first major TV drama role.
In Sydney Angela had grown up with her mother Patricia ([[Rowena Wallace]]), Patricia's husband Gordon ([[Brian Blain]]) who was a successful businessman, and Gordon's son from an earlier marriage, the spiteful Wayne ([[Ian Rawlings]]). Other original characters were Jill Taylor ([[Kim Lewis]]), a young former prostitute who lived with Fiona and Rosie Andrews ([[Anne Haddy]]), the Hamiltons' housekeeper.


==Broadcast==
Subsequent new characters who would emerge as major players in the series included Barbara Armstrong ([[Cornelia Frances]]) who married Gordon after his divorce from Patricia, and Barbara's niece Amanda Morrell ([[Alyce Platt]]). Patricia's best friend, the dizzy socialite Charlie Bartlett ([[Sarah Kemp]]), was introduced as a minor figure during the show's early months as someone Patricia could recite expository dialogue about her latest scheme to, but soon emerged as a key character. Andy Green ([[Danny Roberts (actor)|Danny Roberts]]), the long-lost son of Barbara's former husband Roland ([[Tony Ward]]), also became a key character in the series, and Charlie and Andy would continue through to the final episode. Other notable characters to arrive during the show's middle period were Rob Keegan ([[Noel Hodda]]), who married Angela, Dr. Irene Fisher ([[Judy Nunn]]) who became a close friend of Fiona Thompson, Patricia's estranged sister Margaret Dunne ([[Ilona Rodgers]]) and Terry Hansen ([[Andrew Clarke (actor)|Andrew Clarke]]), a drifter who turned out to be Fiona's long-lost son and who, in a highly controversial storyline, raped Jill but was still treated in the scripts as a sympathetic character after a spell in prison.
The extended pilot episode premiered on Monday, 18 January 1982, during the Christmas/New Year non-ratings period in Sydney and Melbourne, and the following week in [[Brisbane]] and [[Adelaide]]. For the first two years in Sydney and Melbourne, it aired in four half-hour installments, Monday to Thursday, for approximately ten months of the year, although this differed in other markets. After 1984, it was mostly aired as two hour-long episodes. The series was cancelled in November 1986, and production ended in March 1987, with the final episode broadcast in [[Sydney]] on Sunday, 27 December 1987, and in [[Melbourne]], on Sunday, 10 January 1988 (again in the non-ratings period). [[Adelaide]] station [[ADS (TV station)|ADS7]] was one of the first to complete the series, showing the final episodes in a two-hour special on Monday, 16 November 1987.


''Sons and Daughters'' was successful internationally. From February 1983, British television broadcaster [[ITV (TV network)|ITV]] began airing un-networked episodes of the series to audiences across the United Kingdom, meaning that some parts of the country were months or even years behind others in the storyline. During the late 1980s, the series aired throughout western Europe on various TV stations. The UK and most European and foreign territories broadcast the series in daytime, although it did air at 7 pm in the Netherlands and Belgium.
Storylines explored the romantic entanglements of the various characters, various instances of family instability linked to the breakdowns of both David and Patricia's marriages after they renewed their love affair, and the big-business intrigue surrounding Gordon's company. The series also widened its focus by introducing two more families such as the rest of Barbara Hamilton's clan including her brother and Amanda's father Stephen Morrell ([[Michael Long (actor)|Michael Long]]), who married Patricia, and their elderly but formidable mother Dee ([[Mary Ward (actress)|Mary Ward]]) and the working-class O'Briens - Mike ([[Ken James (Australian actor)|Ken James]]), Heather ([[Rona Coleman]]), Katie ([[Jane Seaborn]]) and Jeff ([[Craig Morrison]]) - written into the show as next door neighbours to the Palmers. ''Sons and Daughters'' was highly successful for several years and many of the cast became major television stars through their roles in the show.


==Pat The Rat==
==History and synopsis==
''Sons and Daughters'' was broadcast nationally on the [[Seven Network]] and produced by the Reg Grundy Organization, it was created by television executive [[Reg Watson]], in 1981, well known for his work on the British soap opera, '' [[Crossroads (British TV series)|Crossroads]]'' (1964), and creating the popular Australian serials, ''[[The Young Doctors]]'' (1976), ''[[The Restless Years]]'' (1977), and ''[[Prisoner (TV series)|Prisoner]]'' (1979).
The show's most famous character was the neurotic antagonist Patricia, played by Rowena Wallace. Dubbed "Pat the Rat", the character became a major cult figure through her bitchiness and scheming. Wallace decided to leave the series after a little over three years in the part, and in 1985 she won a [[Gold Logie]] for the role just as her final episodes were being transmitted. Patricia fled to [[Rio de Janeiro]] to escape a murder charge after tangling with shady businessman Roger Carlyle ([[Leslie Dayman]]) and his son Luke ([[Peter Cousens]]).


Watson was inspired by the glossy US prime-time soap opera, ''[[Dallas (1978 TV series)|Dallas]]'', and its more down-to-earth spin-off, ''[[Knots Landing]]'', which were averaging huge ratings in the US in their respective time slots on network [[CBS]]. Curious to see how an Australian soap opera, similar in style to those shows, would fare with early evening or prime-time audiences, he began coming up with new material with the possibility of them becoming ongoing serials. Two of his ideas were commissioned for broadcast in 1982; ''[[Taurus Rising]]'', which was bought by [[Nine Network]], was a series about two wealthy families at war, the Drysdales and the Brents; [[Seven Network]] green lit
Attempts to mitigate against the loss of Patricia saw the introduction of new strong female characters including Karen Fox ([[Lyndel Rowe]]), David Palmer's duplicitous but troubled niece Leigh ([[Lisa Crittenden]]), and Caroline Morrell ([[Abigail (actress)|Abigail]]), the ex-wife of Stephen and Amanda's mother. All were conceived as abrasive replacements for Patricia, but Karen was soon killed off (thrown off a small bridge at the end of the Hamilton's driveway at Dural) and Caroline's character was softened.


''Sons and Daughters'' - also about two families: the wealthy Hamiltons, and working class Palmers - as their new soap, commissioning 174 episodes in the first year to air in half-hour installments, Monday to Thursday at 7pm. While ''Taurus Rising'' was not a success for Nine, ''Sons and Daughters'' was an instant hit on Seven and it quickly became the biggest and most watched series on Australian television. Its success can be somewhat attributed to the writers placing one or more families, and other peripheral characters, in either [[Sydney]] or [[Melbourne]]; they knew the show would appeal to viewers living in ''both'' those cities. Watson was keenly aware that Melbourne-based shows often did not rate well with Sydney viewers, and he set about using either Sydney or Melbourne as the birthplace for many of the show's cast of characters. Critics and press likened the serial as an Australian version of [[Latin American]] or [[South American]] [[telenovelas]] which would often hit huge viewership figures in their home country.
Such was the popularity of Patricia, the producers of the show took the unusual step of recasting the role, with former ''[[The Box (soap opera)|The Box]]'' star [[Belinda Giblin]] stepping into the part. The writers explained the new facial features as being the result of extensive plastic surgery, and even made it a focal point of Patricia's return: calling herself Alison Carr, Patricia returned to Sydney after several months in South America to exact revenge on all her enemies, who would not know who they were dealing with. Milking the story for all it was worth, simultaneous with Patricia's return, David travelled to [[Rio de Janeiro]] to search for her. He brought back a timid woman, Sarah Hunt ([[Christine James]]), who had recently had plastic surgery and who was suffering from amnesia, believing that she was Patricia. She tried to come to terms with her "villainous" past, but soon vanished once it was learned she was not actually Patricia.


Ratings for the serial were very high for the first three years of production, but following the departure of the series' biggest star, [[Rowena Wallace]], in early 1985 to pursue other acting opportunities, ratings quickly began to decline. A series of replacement characters were brought in, most notably [[Abigail (actress)|Abigail]], as Caroline Morrell, and former 1960s pop idol [[Normie Rowe]] as her husband Doug but ratings were still not as strong as the early years, so producers decided to bring back Wallace's character, Patricia Hamilton, but this time, she'd be played by another actress. In mid-1985, the well known and popular actress [[Belinda Giblin]] arrived as "Alison Carr", the new identity of Patricia, who'd had a vast amount of plastic surgery in [[Rio de Janeiro]] to escape from authorities who were looking for her in Australia in connection with the murder of a wealthy millionaire's son Luke Carlyle, who'd embezzled his father's and Patricia's firm. Patricia used this new identity to regain entry into Australia to clear her name - but slowly, the other characters all began to realise that Alison was really Patricia in disguise.
==Tears and sadness and happiness==
The later years of ''Sons and Daughters'' saw regular cast reshuffles occur, with the departures of long-running characters like Barbara Hamilton, Jill Taylor, Irene Fisher and Amanda Morrell and the demise of unsuccessful cast additions such as the O'Brien family. New characters were brought into the show, such as Amanda's younger sister Samantha ([[Sally Tayler]]), Charlie Bartlett's long-lost son Adam Tate ([[Adam Briscomb]]), elderly rascal Arthur "Spider" Webb ([[Willie Fennell]]), Jenny Turner ([[Joanna Lockwood]]), a new love interest for Stephen Morrell after he had divorced Patricia, Gordon's wayward brother James Hamilton ([[Nick Tate]]) and Mary Reynolds ([[Tessa Humphries]]), a vulnerable young woman claiming to be the long-lost daughter of Patricia.


With an instant boost to viewing figures, and Giblin's portrayal of Alison/Patricia a huge success, the serial was deemed to be saved from cancellation and continued through 1985 and into 1986, but still on very shaky ground. A drastic cast revamp then followed in early 1986, saw long-serving cast members removed in an attempt to appeal to younger viewers, and more comedy added to scripts and storylines. Unfortunately, the revamped cast and plots did nothing to halt the falling ratings and so more desperate measures were applied to try and save the show. In late 1986, and after several previous offers, Rowena Wallace finally relented and agreed to return to the series, but this time, she'd play Patricia/Alison's long-lost twin sister, Pamela Hudson. Production ended in March 1987, with a one-hour episode aired weekly across Australia, until the end of the year.
They in turn were written out to make way for handsome hunk Glen Young ([[Mark Conroy]]), teenager Craig Maxwell ([[Jared Robinson]]) and his girlfriend Debbie Halliday ([[Shannon Kenny]]), Fiona's puritanical niece Janice Reid ([[Rima Te Wiata]]), May Walters ([[Georgie Sterling]]), an old friend of Fiona's from her days as a brothel madam, Ginny Doyle ([[Angela Kennedy (actor)|Angela Kennedy]]), a vivacious young fashion designer, and businessman Doug Fletcher ([[Normie Rowe]]), who became a love interest for Caroline Morrell. After a long absence the character of Susan Palmer was written back into the series, now played by [[Oriana Panozzo]], and she played a key role in many of the later storylines, marrying the increasingly evil Wayne but carrying a torch for Glen.


''Sons and Daughters'' is best remembered also for its over-the-top storylines and dramatic cliffhangers, which became much more outrageous in the later seasons. One such "cliffhanger episode", the finale for the 1986 season, Alison Carr ([[Belinda Giblin]]) is bitten by a venomous snake, which had been hidden in a wall safe that Alison broke into to steal documents belonging to long-running villain, Wayne Hamilton, played by [[Ian Rawlings]]. In the same episode, Wayne himself is pursued by a great white shark, and Andy Green (Danny Roberts) is kicked in the face by a rearing race horse. All these cliffhangers were used as a way to try and increase ratings, but ultimately, they had poor resolutions, and this had the unfortunate effect of furthering the demise of the serial. ''Sons and Daughters'' has gradually gained a cult following after several repeat runs locally and other international territories. Testamount to the series longevity, between 2020 and 2022, the entire series were released on DVD as season boxsets by ViaVision Entertainment.
As the series progressed, increasingly melodramatic and bizarre storylines were explored, and the cliffhanger situations became more and more ostentatious. Storylines made repeated use of such elements as long-lost children and siblings, lookalike impostors, blindness, mistaken paternity, amnesia, murder plots and suicides. End of episode cliffhanger situations included a bomb-in-a-wheelchair, a character falling down a well, a character falling down a cliff, and a plane crash.


==Theme tune==
As ratings went into decline Rowena Wallace was lured back to the series for a ten week return, and there was much press speculation as to how the writers would pull this off. It transpired that Patricia was in fact an identical twin, and the returning Rowena would play the new character of Patricia's long-lost twin sister Pamela Hudson. Pamela was introduced into the series as having been released from prison and in true convoluted ''Sons and Daughters'' style, turned out to have some long-lost children of her own - Greg ([[Tom Jennings (actor)|Tom Jennings]]) and Sarah ([[Melissa Docker]]). Unfortunately this return appearance did little to halt the show's dwindling popularity and the series was cancelled while Rowena was taping her scenes.
The theme tune was composed by partners [[Peter Pinne]] & [[Don Battye]] and performed by Mick Leyton and [[Kerrie Biddell]]. Two main versions of the theme were used in the closing credits, one in 3/4 time and one in 4/4 time: the first version was used as the main closing theme for most episodes shown in 1982 and 1983, with very occasional use of the second version, while the second version was then used permanently from 1984 to 1987. In addition. The full theme tune was released on a 7-inch single in the UK in 1984 and reached number 68 in the charts remaining for three weeks. It was released on the A1 record label with catalogue number 'A1 286'.


==Plot==
When the series finished in 1987 the characters of Fiona, Wayne, Beryl, Gordon, Andy, Charlie, Caroline and Alison remained. David Palmer who had departed after five years in the show returned for the final episode. The various characters get their deserved happy endings or comeuppances and the series ends as it began with a young couple arriving at Fiona’s house asking for help, with the pregnant girl giving birth to twins.


==Cliffhangers==
===Season 1===
The initial premise for the show was a [[Romeo and Juliet]]-style romance storyline that revolved around two families, the wealthy Hamilton family who lived in Sydney, and the Palmers, a working-class family from Melbourne. The characters of John Palmer ([[Peter Phelps]]) and spoilt rich girl Angela Hamilton ([[Ally Fowler]]) meet by chance whilst John is on the run from the police for a murder he did not commit. The two fall in love, not realising that they are actually twins, separated at birth 20 years earlier following an affair between their parents, David Palmer (Tom Richards) and Patricia ([[Rowena Wallace]]). Early episodes saw the pair discover the truth about their heritage and showed the problems and strains this put on their own relationship and those of their immediate families. While on the run John is protected in Sydney by Fiona Thompson ([[Pat McDonald (actress)|Pat McDonald]]), a former madame and prostitute and now boarding house owner who had raised John when he was a young boy. With a new identity and now going by the name of Scott Edwards, John attempts to build a new life, with the help of Fiona and her friend Jill Taylor (Kim Lewis), another former prostitute.
During the original Australian transmission run of ''Sons and Daughters'', the series left the air each year with a suitably suspenseful cliffhanger that rivalled even the excesses of ''[[Dallas (TV series)|Dallas]]'' and ''[[Dynasty (TV series)|Dynasty]]''. They are, in order:
* 1982 season: David stops Patricia from going to John and Angela's joint 21st birthday party at the Palmers' house, and Patricia taunts him with the bombshell that he isn't the twins' father after all. (Episode 174).
* 1983 season: David and Beryl are held at gunpoint at Woombai (the Hamiltons' country estate) by escaped criminal Joe Parker ([[Danny Adcock]]). The other cliffhangers are Patricia and Margaret coming face to face for the first time since Margaret was released from prison, Patricia telling Barbara that her best Friend Helen Green is Andy's mother and Fiona rushing to a clinic to stop Jill having an abortion (Episode 352)
* 1984 season: A sedated, helpless Patricia lies on a hospital operating table, about to be operated on by murderous surgeon Dr. Ross Newman ([[Robin Stewart]]). The other cliffhangers is Fiona about to give an answer to Barney Adam's marriage proposal and Mitch faking his own death following a confrontation with both Karen and Wayne. (Episode 528)
* 1985 season: David and Beryl look on in horror when Doris Hudson ([[Carole Skinner]]), the emotionally unbalanced and jealous housekeeper of her boyfriend Rod Campbell ([[David Bradshaw]]), locks Beryl out of the Palmer house and advances menacingly towards her baby son Robert with a pillow to smother him, whilst Alison and James are involved in a plane crash as they rush to stop Wayne from getting (incestuously) married to Mary. Meanwhile Caroline is locked in the cupboard by Duncan Phipps after a bungled robbery at Dural and Irene ([[Judy Nunn]]) tells Fiona that she has cancer. (Episode 696)
* 1986 season: Alison is locked in the study at Dural with a venomous snake when she breaks into the safe , while a sailing trip on a yacht ends in danger when both Glen and “Tick” McCarthy ([[Haydon Samuels]]), a young boy being fostered by Wayne, are wounded, and Wayne, swimming for help, is pursued by a shark. Meanwhile Craig is knocked out by a horse and Caroline finds out that Doug is already "married" (Episode 868).


Following the shock revelation of John and Angela's true heritage and the subsequent reunion of the two families, a series of dramatic events unfolds, intertwining the lives of both the Palmers and the Hamiltons. The Palmers' newly-wed daughter Susan (Ann Henderson-Stiers) receives the shock revelation that her husband Bill Todd is responsible for the murder of which John was suspected, and Bill is subsequently convicted and jailed. The Palmers' youngest son Kevin (Stephen Comey) and his girlfriend Lynn Hardy (Antonia Murphy) find their lives turned upside down when she becomes pregnant, despite their families' best efforts to keep them apart. Father and son David and John Palmer's relationship continues to deteriorate, and when David and Patricia meet up again 20 years on from their initial affair, old passions resurface, culminating in the destruction of both their marriages—David's marriage to dedicated housewife Beryl (Leila Hayes) and Patricia's marriage to the wealthy and successful businessman Gordon ([[Brian Blain]]). Amidst a web of intrigue concerning the numerous instabilities within both families, and shady big-business deals concerning Gordon's company, his ownership of country estate Woombai, and the increasing involvement of his manipulative son Wayne ([[Ian Rawlings]]), the drama builds throughout the season.
==Credits sequence==
The opening and end credits sequences of the series were distinctive. The credits at start of each episode featured sepia-toned portraits of the main characters. The end credits sequence was also in sepia tone; as each episode reached the end-of-episode cliffhanger the screen image went into a freeze-frame and faded to sepia tone as the popular theme song played and the credits rolled.


The character of Patricia rapidly developed into the main focus of the show, with her neurotic bitchiness and scheming being the source of most of the drama and tension between the other characters. Patricia became a popular character among viewers and was dubbed 'Pat the Rat'. New characters introduced later in the season included Patricia's best friend, the dizzy socialite Charlie Bartlett ([[Sarah Kemp (actress)|Sarah Kemp]]), Rob Keegan (Noel Hodda), the younger brother of Beryl Palmer who falls in love with and marries Angela, and Paul Sheppard (Mark Ferguson), the morally confused and neurotic grandson of Patricia's former lover James Sheppard, who left Patricia a substantial amount of his fortune following his death.
The theme tune was eventually released in the UK as a single.


===Season 2===
==Sons and Daughters : Cast album==
As season 2 kicks off, Patricia is sinking further into depression after she overdoses on sleeping pills and Susan steps in to help take care of her as a live-in nurse, while scheming Wayne tricks Patricia into signing her power of attorney over to him to give him power over his father, Gordon. Shortly after, Susan becomes the first of the main cast to depart the series as she leaves to be closer to her husband Bill's prison. John tracks down his real father Martin Healy ([[Paul Sonkkila]])—a prominent officer in the Air Force—and also manages to find Patricia's estranged sister, Margaret Dunne ([[Ilona Rodgers]]). The reunion of Patricia with Martin and Margaret sparks off a series of dramatic storylines as old secrets are revealed and old tensions between Patricia and Margaret resurface. At the same time, we are introduced to Martin's children, John and Angela's half-brother Peter ([[Brett Climo]]), and adoptive half-sister, Jennifer ([[Jodie Yemm]]). A major turning point in the series comes with the eventual suicide of Martin, after his past crimes catch up with him. When Margaret removes his suicide note from beside the body, David comes under suspicion of Martin's murder.
In the early-'80s, when Australia's Seven Network was broadcasting both ''Sons and Daughters'' and ''[[A Country Practice]]'', it decided to cash in on the shows' success - and provide the shows with some publicity - by producing and releasing a cast album.


Other plot developments included Jill's involvement with illegal Irish immigrant Brian O'Donnell (Lee James), whom she agrees to marry so he can obtain a visa to stay in the country. Fiona is shattered when her boarding house on Manly Terrace burns down, almost killing Jill in the inferno. A heated love triangle occurs between the characters of Angela, Rob Keegan (Noel Hodda), and Paul Sheppard, following which all three characters depart the show. Unlucky Jill is shockingly raped by drifter Terry Hansen (Andrew Clarke), who is revealed to be Fiona's long-lost son, whom she conceived with on-off past love, Scott Thompson ([[David Nettheim]]). In a highly controversial storyline, Terry was treated by the scriptwriters as a sympathetic character despite the rape and his subsequent spell in prison. Later in the season, Gordon marries neighbour, Barbara Armstrong ([[Cornelia Frances]]), and after they enter a business deal with Barbara's entrepreneur brother, Stephen Morrell (Michael Long), they are shocked when Stephen suddenly marries Patricia after a whirlwind romance. This leads to the introduction of a third family for the show—the wealthy and powerful Morrells, including Stephen's mother Dee ([[Mary Ward (actress)|Mary Ward]]), a ruthless elderly businesswoman, and his daughter, scheming and beautiful, Amanda (Alyce Platt). Following Dee's death from a heart condition, major developments occur when the contents of her will are revealed, affecting the other characters' lives dramatically. Upon Dee's insistence that a male heir continue her business, Stephen tracks down the young man he believes to be his long-lost son, Andy Green (Danny Roberts).
The album was called 'All My Friends', and featured the cast of ''Sons and Daughters'' on the A-side and the cast of ''A Country Practice'' on the B-side.


===Season 3===
A-Side:
When season 3 starts, Fiona is shocked by the return of Scott Thompson, whom Jill had contacted to pay for her abortion. Patricia's short marriage to Stephen unravels and she seeks comfort in the arms of psychiatrist, Matt Kennedy ([[Vince Martin (actor)|Vince Martin]]), while continuing her bitter feud with sister Margaret, which climaxes in the siblings being trapped in a bush fire at Woombai, and finally making their peace when Margaret saves Patricia's life.


Major changes in the cast occur with the departure of original twin, John ([[Peter Phelps]]); a temporary departure for Stephen Morrell ([[Michael Long (actor)|Michael Long]]); whilst Doug ([[Syd Conabere]]) and Rosie Palmer ([[Anne Haddy]]) also left the regular cast. To replace the departed characters, there was the introduction of a fourth family in the form of the Melbourne-based, working-class, O'Brien family; Mike ([[Ken James (Australian actor)|Ken James]]) and Heather ([[Rona Coleman]]), and their teenage children, Katie ([[Jane Seaborn]]) and Jeff ([[Craig Morrison]]) - move in next door to the Palmers, and quickly become involved in the dramas of the other characters. Mike's brother, Jim ([[Sean Scully (actor)|Sean Scully]]) arrived a few weeks later. The Palmers go on to experience further problems when David has an affair with Patricia's sister Margaret, which finally ends his marriage to Beryl. She soon starts dating Jim O'Brien, but David's happiness with Margaret is short-lived when she dies following injuries sustained in a plane crash. Beryl's happiness is also shattered when Jim dies following a bomb explosion on David's booby-trapped truck. Lynn ([[Antonia Murphy]]) becomes involved with Andy Green while Kevin is working overseas, and the two fall in love, leaving Lynn confused and contemplating suicide on the edge of a cliff. Lynn eventually chooses to stay with Kevin, and they both decide to move overseas with son Davey, and leave the series for good.
1. Sons and Daughters Theme


Patricia finds herself embroiled with shady businessman, Roger Carlyle ([[Leslie Dayman]]), and his son, Luke ([[Peter Cousens]]). Shortly after Luke embezzles Patricia's company, Luke is found by Beryl murdered, and Patricia becomes the prime suspect in the police's search to find his killer, leading to a series of attempts on her life, all orchestrated by Roger. Other new characters introduced during the season include Irene Fisher ([[Judy Nunn]]), a GP who opens a new boarding house with Fiona; Karen Fox ([[Lyndel Rowe]]), a deceitful businesswoman who wreaks havoc whilst having a romantic affair with Wayne; Ross Newman ([[Robin Stewart]]), a gambling-addicted surgeon, under the influence of Roger Carlyle; and Bob 'Mitch' Mitchell ([[Philip Quast]]), an ex-convict who becomes romantically involved with Amanda whilst coming to blows with Karen and Wayne.
2. Some Kind of Friend (Ian Rawlings)


===Season 4===
3. Bosom Buddies (Pat McDonald and Rowena Wallace)
Season 4 features a major turning point with the departure of its most popular character, Patricia Hamilton Morrell Palmer Dunne, only two weeks into the season. When Rowena Wallace chose to leave, the producers initially attempted to replace Patricia with several strong female antagonists in the form of Karen Fox (Lyndel Rowe), Leigh and Caroline Morrell but none of these proved as successful. This led to the producers deciding to bring back the character of Patricia back, now played by actress Belinda Giblin, having undergone a drastic facial reconstruction following plastic surgery in Rio de Janeiro, and now known as "Alison Carr". Further cast changes include the departure of the entire O'Brien family - not long after the tragic death of Jeff, in a house fire he caused whilst drunk on vodka - as well as an original character, Jill O'Donnell, who all left during the aftermath of Patricia's disappearance in episode 584.
The season begins with Patricia finally marrying David, before fleeing to Rio to escape Roger Carlyle. Meanwhile, Wayne is tricked by Karen into marrying her, believing she has covered up the murder of Mitch for him, unaware Mitch is not dead at all and was paid by Karen to disappear. Shortly after the truth is revealed, Karen is found dead in the creek at Dural, having been pushed off a bridge following a confrontation with escort Liz Smith who is in love with Gordon. Beryl gives birth a baby son Robert, but he is abducted by Dr. Ross Newman, and a nurse, Gloria Dutton; then again later by Leigh. Fiona becomes involved in a bitter battle to have deceased fiancé Barney Adams' secret wartime diaries published, running into opposition from Colonel Bainbridge and his son Chris. The Colonel commits suicide and Chris sets out on a vendetta of revenge against Fiona.
Karen Fox tricks Wayne into marriage after convincing him that he has killed Mitch. Wayne goes missing shortly after, worried that he will face jail for murder and whilst he is away a look-alike arrives and fools everyone into believing he is Wayne. Ian Rawlings plays dual roles as both Wayne Hamilton and Gary Evans.
One of the bigger storylines for the season sees a planned redevelopment threaten to destroy Woombai under the direction of the scheming Bill Ashley ([[Peter Dahlsen]]) although the development is a scam. When Amanda Morrell overhears a conversation that could jeopardise the entire scheme, she mysteriously goes missing, leaving the Morrell family distraught and Caroline desperate to find her. Caroline begins to get closer to recently returned ex-husband Stephen, and she warns his new love interest Jenny Turner to stay away from him and the two become rivals. The father of Leigh Palmer's baby, Richard Crampton arrived, deciding he wants custody and he hires Neil Duffy (Geoffrey Rowe) to try to buy his son from Leigh. When this fails, Crampton starts terrorising her and hires a hitman, Nick Stafford to go after Leigh. Crampton ends up dying at Stafford's hands after David has already fired a shot at him. David and Fiona go to Rio in search of Patricia, David having received an amount of money that he believes must have come from her. Following plastic surgery to hide injuries sustained at the hands of a thug who beat her up in Rio de Janeiro, Patricia returns to Australia under a new identity; Alison Carr and she begins to start trying to clear "her friend's" Patricia's name for the murder of Luke Carlyle. Mary Reynolds turns up at Woombai, lost and confused and claiming that Patricia is her mother


===Season 5===
4. The More I See You (Peter Phelps and Kim Lewis)
This season sees a significant change of focus for the serial, with storylines shifting from the business intrigue and corporate scheming of the previous couple of years, to more down-to-earth storylines with humour and comedy being introduced, along with a lot of new younger characters.
A new production regime swept away popular regular characters, including the long-running Barbara Hamilton, and also Irene Fisher; both were hastily written out of the series in very quick succession. In Cornelia Frances's 2003 autobiography, she states that it was not her decision to leave the series, but that of a producer, Posie Jacobs, who suddenly axed hers, and Judy Nunn's character, due to there being an overabundance of "aunty" types in the cast. Other characters that failed to make it to the end of the season included Leigh Palmer, killed-off very early in the season; Tim Palmer Donna Palmer Spider Webb (Willy Fennell), Brett Keegan, Adam Tate, Samantha Morrell and Mary Reynolds were also written out after relatively short stints in the series. Consequently, there was an influx of less well-received new characters including Fiona's niece, prim and proper Janice Reid ; a new tenant in Fiona's boarding house, May Walters a young runaway, Craig Maxwell, who mistook Beryl Palmer as his real mother; and Doug Fletcher came in as a new love interest for Caroline. There was also a trio of new, good-looking younger characters; Glenn Young (Mark Conroy), Debbie Halliday and Ginny Doyle and in a nod to the early years, the return of a re-cast Susan Todd Palmer, played now by Oriana Panozzo.
Storylines see Samantha Morrell shocked after running into Bill Ashley and discovering new information regarding her missing sister Amanda, but the search that follows ends with devastating news as they discover Amanda died a few months earlier having been forced into a life of drugs and prostitution. Leigh Palmer commits suicide early in the season, outside the court where she is facing sentencing for kidnapping baby Robert—bringing an end to one of the series longest-running storylines. Fiona meets her bossy niece Janice for the first time, arriving just as Fiona is to undergo an operation to remove her kidney and together they launch a campaign to save an old mansion house that Fiona once lived in with old friend May Walters. When an angry Caroline starts arguing with Alison whilst she is driving, a serious car crash ensues, with Barbara and Gordon's lives left at risk and ultimately leaving Barbara with serious facial scars and Gordon with amnesia believing he is still married to Patricia. Alison uses the situation to her advantage to get Barbara out of Gordon's life for good and Caroline finds herself serving time in prison. Craig Maxwell turns up in Sydney, looking for his mother, Ruby Hawkins, who gave him up when he was a baby, and who happens to be the exact double of Beryl Palmer. Initial misunderstandings are resolved and Craig accepts that Beryl isn't Ruby. Beryl subsequently helps Craig track Ruby down. At this point Leila Hayes plays both the roles of Beryl and Ruby. Ned Parker and Micky Pratt hold Janice, May, Gordon and Neville hostage at the mansion, following Ned's escape from jail. Micky is killed when she walks out into the road without seeing a car heading towards her. As the siege comes to an end, Patricia's fingerprints are discovered on a gun that was used and Alison's real identity is finally revealed.


===Season 6===
5. Behind Closed Doors (Tom Richards and Leila Hayes)
Departing characters included another original character, David Palmer (Tom Richards), May Walters and Owen Brooke—all left at the end of season 5—and relatively recent additions, Ginny Doyle and Glen Young, were both killed off in a car accident involving Wayne. Debbie Halliday also left during the season but returned for the final episode. New additions include feuding brothers, Nick (John Hannon) and Michael Benson (Phillip Spencer-Harris); a new set of twins, Greg ([[Tom Jennings]]) and Sarah Hudson ([[Melissa Docker]]); and, in an attempt to boost flagging ratings, producers finally lured back [[Rowena Wallace]], who'd originally played Patricia, to play her own ''twin sister'' Pamela Hudson — a storyline which ultimately failed to save the series.
Caroline discovers that Susan is alive and well despite being presumed dead and she is in hiding from Wayne. When an upset Wayne gets drunk and drives off, Glen and Ginny go after him and a high-speed chase follows which leads to Glen's and Ginny's deaths. Wayne turns everyone against him and when he is shot there are no shortage of suspects. Beryl finds herself behind bars for the shooting, having realised Susan was guilty and so she lied to protect her daughter. While in prison Beryl meets Pamela Hudson, who is the spitting image of Patricia. It is soon discovered that Pamela and Patricia are twins, separated at birth. While Patricia lived the good life, Pamela had a much tougher upbringing.
Andy learns that he has a baby daughter, Madonna, who is the result of a fling with Jodie Frazer. When Jodie decides that she can't cope with bringing up a baby on her own and dumps Madonna on Janice, Andy steps in and decides to be a proper father to the girl.
Gordon goes into business with Bill Sanders, Doug and Alison at Sanders' Air Charter. Just as everything seems to be going well, a plane is sabotaged. The company appears to be falling apart until a mystery company puts up money to keep it going. Gordon discovers to his surprise that it was Wayne who was behind the rescue. Although father and son have been on opposing sides for some time, Gordon remarks that it appears that Wayne might have changed for the better. As he settles with new wife Beryl and her son, Robert in Melbourne, Gordon finds himself content.
Benson is a psychiatrist brought in to help Wayne remember who shot him. Nick has a fraught relationship with his brother, Michael. Very much a ladies' man, Nick is attracted to Alison but he also finds himself attracted to sister, Pamela. There ensues a furious struggle between Alison and Pamela, using powerful mind games to try to destroy each other. Nick eventually chooses Pamela over Alison and drives off with her to begin a new life.
Doug and Caroline marry, and Caroline is revealed as the author of a book entitled ''My Sister My Love'', based on the lives of the Hamiltons and the Palmers, despite the changes of character names. Doug tries to stop Caroline promoting the book, warning her that they're going to lose all their friends, but Caroline ignores him. She even writes a sequel. Caroline discovers that she's pregnant, but also learns that the baby could be born with [[Down's Syndrome]] and she opts to have an abortion, later deciding that she can't go through with it. She doesn't tell Doug that she's pregnant, but instead decides to leave him and start life afresh elsewhere. Doug learns about the pregnancy, though, and he chases after Caroline and tells her that he loves her, and that he wants her to have the baby and that he doesn't care if its handicapped, wanting them all to be together as a family. Caroline agrees and Doug buys a fish shop in Melbourne!
Charlie meets Todd Buckley ([[Paul Dawber]]), a fitness instructor who works at her gym, and there is an instant attraction. The couple quickly announce their engagement, despite attempts by Alison to break them up. Charlie becomes so appalled at Alison's behaviour and schemes that she throws her out, leaving Alison staying in a cheap, run-down motel. Charlie enjoys a fairytale wedding to Todd and prepares to live happily ever after.
Sarah Hudson arouses Wayne's interest, and they begin to spend time together. Sarah tries to throw herself at Wayne, but he's wary after all his bad experiences with women. Meanwhile, he puts his plan into action to take everything and everyone away from Alison. With Wayne believing his wife Susan is dead, Alison decides to use Susan to get at Wayne but the plan backfires when Susan is left dead on the lounge floor at Dural, having apparently been strangled by Wayne. Realising that he's finally gone too far, he turns to the telephone and makes a call. He asks for the police. Alison faces bankruptcy but is reunited with David.
The show ends in a similar vein to how it began. At Fiona's mansion boarding house, a young couple arrive and ask for a room. The young woman is heavily pregnant. Fiona takes them in, just as she had with David and Patricia all those years ago. The woman gives birth to twins, a boy and a girl and the story seems to have finally come full circle. The final episode ends with a montage of many cast members, both past and present.


==Cast==
6. Sometimes When We Touch (Stephen Comey)
The main cast of ''Sons and Daughters'' are initially listed in the closing credits under their respective families (The Hamilton family, the Palmer family, the Morell family, the O'Brien family), interspersed with separate slides for characters (such as Fiona Thompson and Jill Taylor) who don't easily fit into a category. This was followed by the guest actors of each episode (referred to as "guest artists").


From episode 737, the credits were changed to list the main cast in alphabetical order.
7. Help Me Make It Through the Night (Leila Hayes)


There were occasional errors during the series run, such as cast members credited in episodes long after they departed or characters listed under their wrong married name.
8. Friends (Rowena Wallace)


{| class="sortable wikitable"
==International and cult success==
! Actor
Starting in the early 1980s the series was broadcast in various regions of the [[United Kingdom|UK]], usually in daytime slots. The series had debuted on different dates in different regions and was broadcast at varying rates, meaning that its storylines were not concurrent between different UK [[ITV]] companies, with as much as over 6 years' difference between different regions of the UK.
! Character
! Appears in
|-
! colspan=3 | The Hamilton family <!-- include ONLY main cast members credited under this heading -->
|-
| [[Rowena Wallace]] || Patricia "Pat the Rat" Hamilton Morrell Palmer<br>Pamela Hudson|| series 1–4, episodes 2–536<br>series 6, episodes 905–944
|-
| [[Brian Blain]] || Gordon Hamilton || series 1–6, episodes 2–972
|-
| [[Ally Fowler]] || Angela Hamilton Palmer Keegan || series 1–3, episodes 2–424
|-
| [[Ian Rawlings]] || Wayne Hamilton Morrell || series 1–6, episodes 2–972
|-
| [[Cornelia Frances]] || Barbara Armstrong Hamilton || series 1–5, episodes 13–736
|-
! colspan=3 | ... <!-- include ONLY main cast members with no category pre-ep 737 -->
|-
| [[Pat McDonald (actress)|Pat McDonald]] || Fiona Thompson || series 1–6, episodes 1–972
|-
| [[Kim Lewis]] || Jill Taylor O'Donnell || series 1–4, episodes 1–584
|-
| [[Noel Hodda]] || Rob Keegan || series 1–6, episodes 74–896
|-
| [[Mark Ferguson]] || Paul Sheppard || series 1–3, episodes 112–443
|-
| [[Paul Sonkkila]] || Martin Healy || series 2, episodes 186–252
|-
| [[Grant Piro]] || Tony Parker || series 2–3, episodes 255–462
|-
| [[Danny Roberts (Australian actor)|Danny Roberts]] || Andrew Green || series 2–6, episodes 342–982
|-
| [[Sarah Kemp (actress)|Sarah Kemp]] || Charlie Bartlett || series 1–6, episodes 43–972
|-
! colspan=3 | The Palmer family <!-- include ONLY main cast members credited under this heading -->
|-
| [[Leila Hayes]] || Beryl Palmer Hamilton || series 1–6, episodes 1–972
|-
| [[Tom Richards (actor)|Tom Richards]] || David Palmer || series 1–6, episodes 1–972
|-
| [[Peter Phelps]] || John Palmer || series 1–3, episodes 1–424
|-
| Ann Henderson-Stires<br>[[Oriana Panozzo]]|| Susan Palmer Todd Hamilton || series 1–2, episodes 1–212<br>series 5–6, episodes 731–972
|-
| [[Stephen Comey]] || Kevin Palmer || series 1–3, episodes 1–466
|-
| [[Antonia Murphy]] || Lynn Hardy Palmer || series 1–3, episodes 5–466
|-
| [[Syd Conabere]] || Doug Palmer || series 1–3, episodes 10–398
|-
| [[Anne Haddy]] || Rosie Andrews Palmer || series 1–4, episodes 30–534
|-
| [[Lisa Crittenden]] || Leigh Palmer || series 4–5, episodes 534–699
|-
! colspan=3 | The Morrell family <!-- include ONLY main cast members credited under this heading -->
|-
| [[Michael Long (actor)|Michael Long]] || Stephen Morrell || series 2–4, episodes 267–651
|-
| [[Alyce Platt]] || Amanda Morrell || series 2–4, episodes 286–594
|-
| [[Abigail (actress)|Abigail]] || Caroline Morrell Fletcher || series 4–6, episodes 554–971
|-
|[[Sally Tayler]]|| Samantha Morrell ||series 4–5, episodes 587–740
|-
! colspan=3 | The O'Brien family <!-- include ONLY main cast members credited under this heading -->
|-
| [[Ken James (Australian actor)|Ken James]] || Mike O'Brien || series 3–4, episodes 387–584
|-
| [[Rona Coleman]] || Heather O'Brien || series 3–4, episodes 387–692
|-
| Jane Seaborn || Katie O'Brien || series 3–4, episodes 387–584
|-
| Craig Morrison || Jeff O'Brien ||series 3, episodes 387–507
|-
! colspan=3 | ... <!-- from ep 737 cast are in alphabetical order not split by families, these are "guest artist" before then -->
|-
| [[Belinda Giblin]] || Allison Carr || series 4–6, episodes 630–972
|-
| [[Jared Robinson]] || Craig Maxwell || series 5–6, episodes 731–971
|-
| Mark Conroy || Glen Young || series 5–6, episodes 735–887
|-
| Angela Kennedy || Ginny Doyle || series 5–6, episodes 789–887
|-
| [[Rima Te Wiata]] || Janice Reid || series 5–6, episodes 714–972
|-
| Shannon Kenny || Debby Halliday || series 5–6, episodes 750–971
|-
| [[Normie Rowe]] || Doug Fletcher || series 5–6, episodes 734–971
|-
| Phillip Spencer-Harris || Michael Benson || series 5–6, episodes 858–970
|-
|Haydon Samuels || Tick McCarthy || series 5–6, episodes 863–952
|-
|John Hannon || Nick Benson || series 6, episodes 903–944
|-
|Paul Dawber || Todd Buckley || series 6, episodes 945–972
|-
|Melissa Docker || Sarah Hudson || series 6, episodes 945–972
|-
|Tom Jennings || Greg Hudson || series 6, episodes 942–972
|}


===Opening titles sequence===
(For more details see [[ITV Local times OZ soaps]])
Each episode opens with sepia-toned portraits of the main cast members, which change from year to year. There are some anomalies, such as [[Judy Nunn]] (who is credited as "guest artist" for her entire two-year run) being included over cast members who never appear in the opening. They include (in chronological order):
* [[Peter Phelps]] as '''John Palmer''' (series 1–3, episodes 1–434)
* [[Ally Fowler]] as '''Angela Hamilton Keegan''' (series 1–2, episodes 1–292)
* [[Rowena Wallace]] as '''Patricia Hamilton Morrell''' (series 1–4, episodes 1–545)
* [[Tom Richards (actor)|Tom Richards]] as '''David Palmer''' (series 1–5, episodes 1–860)
* [[Pat McDonald (actress)|Pat McDonald]] as '''Fiona Thompson''' (all episodes)
* [[Brian Blain]] as '''Gordon Hamilton''' (all episodes)
* [[Leila Hayes]] as '''Beryl Palmer Hamilton''' (all episodes)
* [[Kim Lewis]] as '''Jill Taylor O’Donnell''' (series 1–4, episodes 1–584)
* [[Ian Rawlings]] as '''Wayne Hamilton Morrell''' (all episodes)
* Ann Henderson-Stires as '''Susan Todd''' (series 1, episodes 1–174)
* [[Stephen Comey]] as '''Kevin Palmer''' (series 1–2, episodes 1–352)
* [[Noel Hodda]] as '''Rob Keegan''' (series 2, episodes 277–292)
* [[Cornelia Frances]] as '''Barbara Hamilton''' (series 2–5, episodes 293–736)
* [[Antonia Murphy]] as '''Lynn Palmer''' (series 2–4, episodes 293–500)
* [[Danny Roberts (Australian actor)|Danny Roberts]] as '''Andy Green''' (series 3–6, episodes 353–972)
* [[Alyce Platt]] as '''Amanda Morrell''' (series 3–4, episodes 425–596)
* [[Jane Seaborn]] as '''Katie O’Brien''' (series 3–4, episodes 493–596)
* [[Sarah Kemp (actress)|Sarah Kemp]] as '''Charlie Bartlett Buckley''' (series 4–6, episodes 546–972)
* [[Abigail (actress)|Abigail]] as '''Caroline Morrell Fletcher''' (series 4–6, episodes 585–972)
* [[Lisa Crittenden]] as '''Leigh Palmer''' (series 4, episodes 597–696)
* [[Michael Long (actor)|Michael Long]] as '''Stephen Morrell''' (series 4, episodes 601–652)
* [[Judy Nunn]] as '''Irene Fisher''' (series 4–5, episodes 653–736)
* [[Belinda Giblin]] as '''Alison Carr''' (series 5–6, episodes 697–972)
* [[Mark Conroy]] as '''Glen Young''' (series 5–6, episodes 737–868)
* [[Jared Robinson]] as '''Craig Maxwell''' (series 5–6, episodes 737–972)
* [[Normie Rowe]] as '''Doug Fletcher''' (series 5–6, episodes 861–972)
* [[Oriana Panozzo]] as '''Susan Hamilton''' (series 6, episodes 893–972)


===Notable guest artists===
Through the 1990s the programme was also repeated in various regions of Australia, usually in early morning and daytime slots. A rerun of the series up to the 1985 season ran until December 2000 on Australian television. The full series was also shown by [[pay-TV]] operator [[Foxtel]] on the [[UK.TV]] Channel in the late 1990s.
{| class="sortable wikitable"
! Actor
! Character
! Appears in
|-
| Gaynor Martin || Prue Armstrong || series 1, episodes 62–103
|-
| [[Ilona Rodgers]] || Margaret Dunne || series 2–3, episodes 181–422
|-
| Katie Brinson || Wendy Armstrong || series 2, episodes 183–216
|-
| [[Brett Climo]] || Peter Healy || series 2, episodes 201–276
|-
| [[Jodie Yemm]] || Jennifer Healy || series 2, episodes 219–257
|-
| [[Mary Ward (actress)|Mary Ward]] || Dee Morrell || series 2, episodes 305–337
|-
| [[Sean Scully (actor)|Sean Scully]] || Jim O'Brien || series 3–4, episodes 401–609
|-
| [[Judy Nunn]] || Irene Fisher || series 3–5, episodes 422–738
|-
| [[Lyndel Rowe]] || Karen Fox Hamilton || series 3–4, episodes 461–562
|-
| [[Robert Mammone]] || Tim Palmer || series 4–5, episodes 552–746
|-
| [[Joanna Lockwood]] || Jenny Turner Morrell || series 4, episodes 572–651
|-
| [[Tony Ward (Australian actor)|Tony Ward]] || Roland Armstrong || series 4, episodes 588–639
|-
| Brett Partridge || Brett Keegan || series 4, episodes 619–671
|-
| [[Simone Buchanan]] || Donna Jackson Palmer || series 4–5, episodes 646–728
|-
| [[Nick Tate]] || James Hamilton ||series 4–5, episodes 671–708
|}


==Family trees==
Between [[1992]] and [[1996]], the programme was repeated on the UK satellite channel [[UK Gold]]. It screened from its launch on November 1st 1992, and completed its run on July 15th 1996. It was shown at 8am and 12midday for the entire repeat screening.
===Palmers===
{{Tree chart/start}}
{{Tree chart | | | | | | | | | | DoP |~|~|y|~| RoP | | DoP=Doug Palmer|RoP=Rosie Palmer}}
{{Tree chart | | | | | | | | | | | ||,|-|^|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|.|}}
{{Tree chart | | |MaH|~|y|~|PaH|~|DaP|V|y|~| BeP | | | |FrH |y| RaP | MaH=Martin Healy|PaH=Patricia Hamilton|DaP=David Palmer|BeP=Beryl Palmer|FrH=Frannie Henderson|RaP=Ray Palmer}}
{{Tree chart | |,|-|-|-|-|^|-|-|.| | | | | |L|t|~|~|~|~|~|~|~|y|J| |!|}}
{{Tree chart | JoP | | RoK |~|~| AnH| | | |,|^|-|-|-|-|-|-|.|!| |TiP|JoP=John Palmer|RoK=Rob Keegan|AnH=Angela Hamilton|TiP=Tim Palmer}}
{{Tree chart | | | | | | | | | | | |BiT|~|SuP|~|WaH||!|LeP|y|RiC|BiT=Bill Todd|SuP=Susan Palmer|WaH=Wayne Hamilton|LeP=Leigh Palmer|RiC=Richard Crampton}}
{{Tree chart | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |LyH|y|KeP| | ShP|LyH=Lynn Hardy|KeP=Kevin Palmer|ShP=Shane Palmer}}
{{Tree chart | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |!| |}}
{{Tree chart | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |DaP| |DaP=Davey Palmer}}
{{Tree chart/end}}


===Hamiltons===
Between 1998 and 2005 a repeat run of the series ran in the UK on [[Five (TV)|Channel Five]] in a late-night timeslot. The entire series was repeated with the final episode screened in November 2005. This last showing led to a resurgence of the series' cult popularity in the UK.


{{Tree chart/start}}
From October 2006 the series started being re-run on the Seven Network in Australia, weekdays at 10.00am. This was discontinued earlier in 2007.
{{Tree chart | | | | | | | BeP |~|7|BeP=Beryl Palmer}}
{{Tree chart | | | | | | | BaA|~|C|,|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|.|BaA=Barbara Armstrong}}
{{Tree chart | | | | NaA |~|y|~| GoH |~|~|y|~| PaH |~|y|~| MaH | | | |JaH|NaA=Nancy Andrews|GoH=Gordon Hamilton|PaH=Patricia Dunne|MaH=Martin Healy|JaH=James Hamilton}}
{{Tree chart | | AmM |V| WaH |~|V|~|~| MaR | | | |,|-|^|-|.|AmM=Amanda Morrell|WaH=Wayne Hamilton|MaR=Mary Reynolds (marriage annulled)}}
{{Tree chart | | KaF |J| | | | |L|~|~| SuP | | | JoP | | | AnH |~| RoK |KaF=Karen Fox|SuP=Susan Palmer|JoP=John Palmer|AnH=Angela Hamilton|RoK=Rob Keegan}}
{{Tree chart/end}}


==Remakes==
===Keegans===
{{Tree chart/start}}
The series has inspired five [[remake]]s produced under license from the original producers and based, initially, on original story and character outlines. These are ''[[Verbotene Liebe]]'' (Germany, 1995- ); ''[[Skilda världar]]'' (Sweden, 1996-2002); ''[[Apagorevmeni agapi]]'' (Greece, 1998); ''[[Cuori Rubati]]'' (Italy, 2002-2003) ''[[Zabranjena ljubav]]'' (Croatia, 2004- );
{{Tree chart | | | | BoK |~|y|~| AiK | | BoK=Bob Keegan|AiK=Aileen Keegan}}
{{Tree chart | | |,|-|-|-|-|^|-|-|-|-|v|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|.|}}
{{Tree chart | | |?|y|?| | | AnH |~| RoK | | GoH |~|~| BeP |~|y|~| DaP |?=?|AnH=Rob Keegan| RoK=Angela Hamilton|GoH=Gordon Hamilton|BeP=Beryl Keegan|DaP=David Palmer}}
{{Tree chart | | | | BrK | | | | | | | | | | | | |,|-|-|-|-|-|-|v|-|-|^|-|-|-|-|-|.|BrK=Brett Keegan}}
{{Tree chart | | | | | | | | | | | | | BiT |~| SuP |~| WaH | KeP |y| LyH | | | | RoP|BiT=Bill Todd|SuP=Susan Palmer|WaH=Wayne Hamilton| KeP=Kevin Palmer|LyH=Lynn Hardy|RoP=Robert Palmer}}
{{Tree chart | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | DaP |DaP=David Palmer}}
{{Tree chart/end}}


==Broadcast schedule==
==DVD==
[[Seven Network]] aired the first episode as a 90-minute special 18 January 1982 in Sydney and Melbourne, during the Christmas/New Year non-ratings period. The date of the final episode varied across Australia. There are 972 half-hour episodes, although during the series' original run, later episodes were shown in an hour-long format. No figures are available for how many of these longer episodes made up the show's run. The series was broadcast on the Seven Network, initially (in Sydney and Melbourne) four days a week for half an hour at 19:00-19:30. In 1984, Sydney broadcasts changed to one-hour episodes on Sunday and Monday at 19:30-20:30, and in later years, most Australian stations aired ''Sons and Daughters'' as two one-hour shows per week, and finally in one hour-long show per week. It became the highest-rated programme in its slot, and was the most watched Australian soap of the 1980s. The series eventually began to suffer from declining ratings, and was ultimately cancelled April 1987 though the final episodes did not screen till after Christmas on 27 December 1987 at 6.30pm Sunday night on Channel Seven Sydney.


During the 1990s the TV series was repeated throughout Australia, usually in early-morning and daytime slots first at 9.30am weekday mornings then at the later time of 5.30am early mornings.
Sons and Daughters - The Best of Pat The Rat - 2 Disc Set - Released 9th October 2006


The series has been repeated 4 times in Australia, firstly on [[Foxtel]] between from 1997, with the final episode airing in mid-2000. Seven Network began another re-run in October 2006, airing weekdays at 10:00. This was discontinued in early 2007, then resumed in July 2008, airing on Wednesday nights, usually around midnight. In October 2013, episodes were airing Tuesday and Thursday mornings at 3:30&nbsp;am. Episode 461 aired on 8 October 2013. Series was again replayed on its original broadcast TV channel Seven during 2014-2018 on Sunday mornings first as a half hour at 5.00am and then later in double episodes 5.00-6.00am before final episode (972) aired, in HD, on 11 August 2019 on Sunday morning 5am.
* Episodes 001, 002, 003, 018, 027, 055, 124, 501, 536, 545, 631, 663, 693, 905, 912, 944


[[7TWO]] has repeated the series twice, in full. First from 2 November 2009 until 9 October 2013. To mark the 40th anniversary, a second run began Monday, 3 January 2022. Four episodes aired back to back each weekday at 2.30pm, later moving to 1.00pm in October 2022 for the final season. The final episode aired at 2.30pm on Friday, 16 December 2022.
Sons and Daughters - The Classic Cliffhangers Collection - 2 Disc Set - Released 4th February 2008


===Episodes===
* Episodes 174, 352, 353, 528, 529, 540, 696, 697, 868, 869, 971, 972
Although Sons and Daughters was screened by all stations of the Seven Network, and many regional stations and affiliates, each station scheduled the series independently and at their own pace, in a combination of 30-minute and 60-minute episodes. The table below refers only to the original broadcast dates by ATN7, the Sydney station of the Seven Network. ATN is generally considered to be the “home station” of Sons and Daughters as it was filmed at their studios in [[Epping, New South Wales]].
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"
|-
! colspan="2" rowspan="2" | Season
! colspan="2" | Original broadcast (ATN7, Australia)
! colspan="2" rowspan="2" | No. of episodes
|-
! [[Season premiere]]
! [[Season finale]]
|-
| bgcolor="#36454F" height="10px"|
! 1
| width="160"|{{Start date|df=yes|1982|1|18}}
| width="160"|{{Start date|df=yes|11 November 1982}}
| width="50"| 174
| width="100"| 1–174
|-
| bgcolor="#0093AF" height="10px"|
! 2
| width="160"| {{Start date|df=yes|1983|1|31}}
| width="160"| {{Start date|df=yes|1983|11|11}}
| width="50"| 178
| width="100"| 175–352
|-
| bgcolor="#CB4154" height="10px"|
! 3
| width="160"| {{Start date|df=yes|1984|2|26}}
| width="160"| {{Start date|df=yes|1985|1|14}}
| width="50"| 176
| width="100"| 353–528
|-
| bgcolor="#FFEB00" height="10px"|
! 4
| width="160"| {{Start date|df=yes|1985|1|20}}
| width="160"| {{Start date|1985}}
| width="50"| 168
| width="100"| 529–696
|-
| bgcolor="#AB274F" height="10px"|
! 5
| width="160"| {{Start date|df=yes|1986|1|13}}
| width="160"| {{Start date|1986}}
| width="50"| 172
| width="100"| 697–868
|-
| bgcolor="#4D8C57" height="10px"|
! 6
| width="160"|{{End date|1987}}
| width="160"|{{End date|df=yes|1987|12|27}}
| width="50"| 104
| width="100"| 869–972
|-
|}


==International Broadcasting==
Umbrella Entertainment have confirmed that they are in planning stage to release the complete series


===Ireland===
Long standing cast member Tom Richards, who played David Palmer, also released a DVD with interviews of fellow cast members in August 2007.
Debuted on the [[RTÉ One]] network in October 1984 airing Friday's at 2pm<ref>{{cite web|url= https://www.facebook.com/100063546069667/posts/282340763894124/?d=n|title = RTE Guide-Classic Issues| website=[[Facebook]]}}</ref> The series has been repeated multiple times on RTE throughout the 80's and 90's during their afternoon schedule.


==Success==
===New Zealand===
''Sons and Daughters'' debuted on [[TVNZ 2|TV2]] as a feature-length [[Television film|telemovie]] (the first three episodes) on Sunday 9 February 1986 at 7.25pm.


The series was then shown on TV2 as five half-hour episodes every week at 6.00pm, Monday to Friday, all year round (as opposed to four half-hour, or, two one-hour weekly episodes, for approximately ten months, as broadcast in Australia) from Monday 10 February 1986 until Friday 22 July 1988. Kim Lewis, Antonia Murphy and Ian Rawlings appeared as overseas guests on ''[[Telethon]]'' in June 1988, ''after'' the series had been cancelled in Australia.
Sons and Daughters won the 1983 Logie Award for Logie Award for Most Popular Australian Drama.

On Monday 25 July 1988, the series was moved to [[TVNZ 1|TV One]] and aired at 5.25pm as a lead-in to the ''[[1 News|Network News at Six]]''. The final episode of ''Sons and Daughters'' was broadcast on Wednesday 13 December 1989 at 5.25pm.

===United Kingdom===
''Sons and Daughters'' has been broadcast on four British TV channels: The first airing was on the [[ITV (TV network)|ITV]] network from 6 February 1983 when [[Central Independent Television]] started the serial. Five months later in July, [[Yorkshire Television]] began, and over the following two years, all mainland ITV regions across the UK picked up the series and were free to show it as and when they wished; it was therefore seen as regional daytime filler and, despite strong ratings for daytime, there were rarely, if ever, articles about it in the British media, or any interviews with its stars (except for one notable feature on [[TV-am]] when [[Anne Diamond]] interviewed Ian Rawlings, Pat McDonald and Brian Blain in January 1988, ''after'' the series had been cancelled in Australia).

The series was initially shown in most ITV areas three episodes every week at 15:30-16:00, Wednesday to Friday, all year round (as opposed to four half-hour, or, two one-hour weekly episodes, for approximately ten months, as broadcast in Australia). However, TVS aired the series 17:15-17:45 between 1984 and 1987, whilst Granada, originally chose 18:00-18:30, before they too moved the series to daytime. Towards the end of their respective runs, some ITV regions increased episodes to four or five every week (Central, Ulster, TSW and Yorkshire), whilst others (Thames, Anglia, TVS) reduced their output to two, or just one per week, demonstrating the wide range of viewing patterns across the UK. The last ITV region to air the final episode was [[Scottish Television|STV]], broadcast on 27 July 1995. During the 1980s, ''Sons and Daughters'' achieved consolidated viewing figures of 6 million across the ITV network.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.broadcastnow.co.uk/the-show-that-shaped-me/damien-timmer-sons-and-daughters/5141668.article|title = Damien Timmer: Sons and Daughters}}</ref>

The series was also given further broadcasts by [[NBC Europe|Super Channel]] between January 1987 and January 1989. In November 1992, the entire series was aired the newly launched [[UK Gold]]. Finally, following its launch in March 1997, [[Channel 5 (British TV channel)|Channel 5]] began broadcasting ''Sons and Daughters'' for a nationwide re-run where it ran 13:30-14:00, Monday to Friday, from March 1998 until the end of the year. This ended part-way through the second season at episode 212, but in January 2002, the programme was reinstated to the schedules in an early-hours-of-the-morning Saturday and Sunday slot, continuing from episode 213, until the last episode was broadcast in November 2005.<ref>[http://www.tvcream.co.uk/blog/how-we-used-to-list/5th-11th-january-2002/ "How We Used to List", TV Cream]</ref>

==Home media==
In July 2021, all episodes were made available to stream free on [[7plus]].

From November 2020 to December 2022, ‘Via Vision Entertainment’ released all six seasons to DVD.

===Compilation DVD===
{|class="wikitable"
|-
! Title
! Format
! Episodes #
! Discs
! Region 4 (Australia)
! Special Features
! Distributors
|-
| Sons and Daughters –
The Best of Pat The Rat
| DVD
| style="text-align:center;" | 12 Selected Episodes
| 02
| 9 October 2006
| Audio commentary on Episode 693 by Tom Richards (David Palmer) and Belinda Giblin (Alison Carr)

Stills gallery

Both full-length versions of the Sons and Daughters theme
| [[Umbrella Entertainment]]
|-
| The Sons and Daughters Interviews
| DVD
| style="text-align:center;" | Feature Documentary
| 01
| August 2007
| N/A
| Video Solutions
|-
| ''Sons and Daughters – The Classic Cliffhangers Collection''
| DVD
| style="text-align:center;" | 12 Selected Episodes
| 02
| 4 February 2008
|
* Audio commentary on Episode 868 by Ian Rawlings (Wayne Hamilton)
* Audio commentary on Episode 972 by Normie Rowe (Doug Fletcher)
* Promotion for Tom Richards' Sons and Daughters Interviews DVD
| Umbrella Entertainment
|}

===Via Vision Entertainment (Season Sets)===
{|class="wikitable"
|-
! Season
! Title
! Format
! Episodes
! Discs
! Region 4 (Australia)
! Special Features
! More
|-
| {{center|1}}
| ''Sons and Daughters – Collection One''
| DVD
| style="text-align:center;" | 174 (Ep# 001-174)
| 25
| 18 November 2020<ref>{{cite web| title=Sons And Daughters - Season 1| url=https://www.sanity.com.au/products/2592936/Sons-And-Daughters---Season-1| website=Sanity.com.au| access-date=14 October 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite book| title=Sons and Daughters Collection 1| url=https://www.booktopia.com.au/sons-and-daughters/dvd/9337369022932.html| via=[[Booktopia]]| access-date=11 December 2020}}</ref>
| Both full-length versions of the Sons and Daughters theme
|
{{Hidden|{{align|left|}}|

* Via Vision Entertainment
* 4350 minutes
* 1.33:1 (4:3) aspect ratio
* Dolby Digital 2.0 Mono
* [[Australian Classification Board|ACB]] rating: PG
}}
|-
| {{center|2}}
| ''Sons and Daughters – Collection Two''
| DVD
| style="text-align:center;" | 178 (Ep# 175-352)
| 26
| 3 March 2021<ref>{{cite web| title=Sons And Daughters - Season 2| url=https://www.sanity.com.au/products/2604957/Sons-And-Daughters---Collection-2| website=Sanity.com.au| access-date=21 August 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite book| title=Sons & Daughters Collection 2| url=https://www.booktopia.com.au/sons-daughters/dvd/9337369023823.html| via=[[Booktopia]]| access-date=11 December 2020}}</ref>
| None
|
{{Hidden|{{align|left|}}|

* Via Vision Entertainment
* 4100 minutes
* 1.33:1 (4:3) aspect ratio
* Dolby Digital 2.0 Mono
* [[Australian Classification Board|ACB]] rating: PG
}}
|-
| {{center|3}}
| ''Sons and Daughters – Collection Three''
| DVD
| style="text-align:center;" | 176 (Ep# 353-528)
| 25
| 20 October 2021<ref>{{cite web| title=Sons And Daughters - Collection 3| url=https://www.sanity.com.au/products/2647637/Sons-And-Daughters---Collection-3| website=sanity.com.au| access-date=21 August 2021}}</ref>
| None
|
{{Hidden|{{align|left|}}|

* Via Vision Entertainment
* 4224 minutes
* 1.33:1 (4:3) aspect ratio
* Dolby Digital 2.0 Mono
* [[Australian Classification Board|ACB]] rating: PG
}}
|-
| {{center|4}}
| ''Sons and Daughters – Collection Four''
| DVD
| style="text-align:center;" | 168 (Ep# 529-696)
| 24
| 23 March 2022<ref>{{cite web| title=Sons And Daughters - Collection 4| url=https://www.sanity.com.au/products/2664473/Sons-And-Daughters---Collection-4| website=sanity.com.au| access-date=6 August 2022}}</ref>
| Audio commentary on Episode 693 by Tom Richards and Belinda Giblin
|
{{Hidden|{{align|left|}}|
* [[Australian Classification Board|ACB]] rating: PG
}}
|-
| {{center|5}}
| ''Sons and Daughters – Collection Five''
| DVD
| style="text-align:center;" | 172 (Ep# 697-868)
| 25
| 26 October 2022<ref>{{cite web| title=Sons And Daughters - Collection 5| url=https://www.sanity.com.au/products/2690572/Sons-And-Daughters-Coll-5| website=sanity.com.au| access-date=6 August 2022}}</ref>
| None
|
{{Hidden|{{align|left|}}|
* [[Australian Classification Board|ACB]] rating: PG
}}
|-
| {{center|6}}
| ''Sons and Daughters – Collection Six''
| DVD
| style="text-align:center;" | 104 (Ep# 869-972)
| 15
| 7 December 2022<ref>{{cite web| title=Sons And Daughters - Collection 6| url=https://www.sanity.com.au/products/2723829/Sons-And-Daughters---Collection-6| website=sanity.com.au| access-date=1 December 2022}}</ref>
| Audio commentary on Episode 868 by Ian Rawlings

Audio commentary on Episode 972 by Normie Rowe

Stills Gallery
|
{{Hidden|{{align|left|}}|
* [[Australian Classification Board|ACB]] rating: PG
}}
|-
| {{center|1–2}}
| ''Sons and Daughters: Years One & Two''
| DVD
| style="text-align:center;" | (Ep# 001-352)
| 51
| 5 April 2023
| Both full-length versions of the Sons and Daughters theme
|
{{Hidden|{{align|left|}}|
* [[Australian Classification Board|ACB]] rating: PG
}}
|-
| {{center|3–4}}
| ''Sons and Daughters: Years Three & Four''
| DVD
| style="text-align:center;" | (Ep# 353-696)
| 49
| 7 June 2023
| Audio commentary on Episode 693 by Tom Richards and Belinda Giblin
|
{{Hidden|{{align|left|}}|
* [[Australian Classification Board|ACB]] rating: PG
}}
|}

===Streaming Services===
{|class="wikitable"
|-
! Title<ref>{{cite web| title=Sons and Daughters| url=https://7plus.com.au/sons-and-daughters| website=7plus.com.au| access-date=1 October 2022}}</ref>
! Format
! Episodes
! Release Date
! Distributors
|-
| Sons and Daughters (Season 01)
| Streaming
| style="text-align:center;" | Episodes 01-174
| 17 February 2021
| [[7plus]]
|-
| Sons and Daughters (Season 02)
| Streaming
| style="text-align:center;" | Episodes 175-352
| 12 April 2021
| [[7plus]]
|-
| Sons and Daughters (Season 03)
| Streaming
| style="text-align:center;" | Episodes 353–528
| 5 May 2021
| [[7plus]]
|-
| Sons and Daughters (Season 04)
| Streaming
| style="text-align:center;" | Episodes 529-696
| 26 May 2021
| [[7plus]]
|-
| Sons and Daughters (Season 05)
| Streaming
| style="text-align:center;" | Episodes 697–868
| 9 June 2021
| [[7plus]]
|-
| Sons and Daughters (Season 06)
| Streaming
| style="text-align:center;" | Episodes 869–972
| 12 July 2021
| [[7plus]]
|}

===''Sons and Daughters'': Cast album===
In the early 1980s when Australia's Seven Network was broadcasting both ''Sons and Daughters'' and ''[[A Country Practice]]'', it decided to cash in on the shows' success, and provide the shows with some publicity, by producing and releasing a cast album.
The album was called ''All My Friends'', and featured the cast of ''Sons and Daughters'' on the [[A-side and B-side|A-side]] and the cast of ''A Country Practice'' on the B-side.

A-side:
# "Sons and Daughters Theme"
# "Some Kind of Friend" (Ian Rawlings)
# "Bosom Buddies" (Pat McDonald and Rowena Wallace)
# "The More I See You" (Peter Phelps and Kim Lewis)
# "Behind Closed Doors" (Tom Richards and Leila Hayes)
# "Sometimes When We Touch" (Stephen Comey)
# "Help Me Make It Through the Night" (Leila Hayes)
# "Friends" (Rowena Wallace)

==Remakes==
The series has inspired seven [[remake]]s produced under license from the original producers and based, initially, on the original story and character outlines. These are ''[[Verbotene Liebe]]'' (Germany, 1995–2015); ''[[Skilda världar]]'' (Sweden, 1996–2002); ''Apagorevmeni agapi'' (Greece, 1998); ''Cuori Rubati'' (Italy, 2002–2003) ''[[Zabranjena ljubav]]'' (Croatia, 2004–2008), ''Zabranena lubov'' (Bulgaria, 2008–) and ''Belahan Hati'' (Indonesia, 2001–2002).

==Awards and nominations==
{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Year
!Awards
!Category
!Nominee
!Result
|-
| rowspan="3"|1983|| rowspan="3"|[[Logie Awards of 1983|Logie Awards]] || [[Logie Award for Most Popular Drama Program|Most Popular Drama Series]] || ''Sons and Daughters'' || {{Won}}
|-
| [[Logie Award for Most Popular Actress|Most Popular Lead Actress in a Series]] || [[Rowena Wallace]] || {{Won}}
|-
| [[Logie Award for Most Popular New Talent|Most Popular New Talent]] || [[Stephen Comey]] || {{Won}}
|-
| rowspan="2"|1984|| rowspan="2"|[[Logie Awards of 1984|Logie Awards]] || | [[Logie Award for Most Popular Actress|Most Popular Lead Actress in a Series]] || [[Rowena Wallace]] || {{Won}}
|-
| Best Lead Actress in a Series || [[Rowena Wallace]] || {{Won}}
|-
| rowspan="3"|1985|| rowspan="3"|[[Logie Awards of 1985|Logie Awards]] || [[Gold Logie Award for Most Popular Personality on Australian Television|Most Popular Personality on Australian Television]] || [[Rowena Wallace]] || {{Won}}
|-
| Best Lead Actress in a Series || [[Rowena Wallace]] || {{Won}}
|-
| Best Supporting Actor in a Series || [[Ian Rawlings]] || {{Won}}
|}

==References==
{{Reflist}}


==External links==
==External links==
* [http://www.thesoapshow.com/aussiesoaps/sonsanddaughters.htm Series review with cast interviews and documentary information]
* [http://www.thesoapshow.com/aussiesoaps/sonsanddaughters.htm Series review with cast interviews and documentary information]
* [http://www.videosolutions.com.au/products%20&%20services.html DVD of interviews with cast members presented and produced by Tom Richards, who played David Palmer]
* [http://www.videosolutions.com.au/products%20&%20services.html DVD of interviews with cast members presented and produced by Tom Richards, who played David Palmer]
* [http://www.classicaussiesoaps.com/sonsanddaughters/sad.htm Classic Aussie Soaps: Sons And Daughters]
* [http://members.ozemail.com.au/~fangora/sandd.html Aussie Soap Archive: ''Sons and Daughters''] – Overview and review
* {{IMDb title|id=0081935|title=Sons and Daughters}}
* [http://members.ozemail.com.au/~fangora/sandd.html Aussie Soap Archive: Sons and Daughters] &mdash; Overview and review
*[http://colsearch.nfsa.afc.gov.au/nfsa/search/display/display.w3p;adv=yes;group=;groupequals=;holdingType=;page=0;parentid=;query=205289;querytype=;rec=0;resCount=10 ''Sons and Daughters'' at the National Film and Sound Archive]
* {{imdb title|id=0081935|title=Sons and Daughters}}
* {{YouTube|ye68ALpbncY|Final Channel 5 airing of the programme}}
*[http://colsearch.nfsa.afc.gov.au/nfsa/search/display/display.w3p;adv=yes;group=;groupequals=;holdingType=;page=0;parentid=;query=205289;querytype=;rec=0;resCount=10 Sons and Daughters at the National Film and Sound Archive]


{{Logie Award for Most Popular Drama Series on Australian Television}}
[[Category:Australian television soap operas]]

[[Category:Seven Network shows]]
{{DEFAULTSORT:Sons And Daughters (Australian Tv Series)}}
[[Category:Television series by FremantleMedia]]
[[Category:Television shows set in New South Wales]]
[[Category:1982 Australian television series debuts]]
[[Category:1981 Australian television series debuts]]
[[Category:1987 Australian television series endings]]
[[Category:1987 Australian television series endings]]
[[Category:Australian television soap operas]]
[[Category:Seven Network original programming]]
[[Category:Television series produced by The Reg Grundy Organisation]]
[[Category:Television series set in the 1960s]]
[[Category:Television shows set in Sydney]]
[[Category:Australian English-language television shows]]

Latest revision as of 10:51, 30 August 2024

Sons and Daughters
GenreSoap opera
Created byReg Watson
Written bySee links at end of article for comprehensive list
Directed bySee links at end of article for comprehensive list
Starring(see main cast list and character family tree below)
Country of originAustralia
Original languageEnglish
No. of seasons6
No. of episodes972
Production
Production locationsSydney
Melbourne
Running time25 minutes
Production companyReg Grundy Organisation
Original release
NetworkSeven Network
Release18 January 1982 (1982-01-18) –
27 December 1987 (1987-12-27)

Sons and Daughters is an Australian Logie Award-winning soap opera/drama serial, broadcast by the Seven Network between January 1982 and December 1987 and produced by the Reg Grundy Organisation. It was created by executive Reg Watson, and is distributed by Fremantle.

Sons and Daughters is remembered for its regular use of dramatic end-of-season cliffhangers and its most famous character; Patricia "Pat the Rat" Hamilton, initially played by Rowena Wallace, who became the second soap opera actor, rather than personality after Pat McDonald to win the Gold Logie award for her performance in the role - (McDonald had previously won the Gold Logie for her role in 70's soap opera Number 96 as Dorrie Evans, coincidentally she also starred in Sons and Daughters, featuring for its entire run.

Wallace decided to leave the series when in 1985, and her popular character was recast, with Belinda Giblin taking over the role, in a story-arc which sees the character receiving extensive plastic surgery in the Rio de Janeiro, and returning as the look-alike Alison Carr.

A notable cast members in the series later years was the Australian pop singer Normie Rowe, Rowe had previously appeared in musical theatre, but it was his first major TV drama role.

Broadcast

[edit]

The extended pilot episode premiered on Monday, 18 January 1982, during the Christmas/New Year non-ratings period in Sydney and Melbourne, and the following week in Brisbane and Adelaide. For the first two years in Sydney and Melbourne, it aired in four half-hour installments, Monday to Thursday, for approximately ten months of the year, although this differed in other markets. After 1984, it was mostly aired as two hour-long episodes. The series was cancelled in November 1986, and production ended in March 1987, with the final episode broadcast in Sydney on Sunday, 27 December 1987, and in Melbourne, on Sunday, 10 January 1988 (again in the non-ratings period). Adelaide station ADS7 was one of the first to complete the series, showing the final episodes in a two-hour special on Monday, 16 November 1987.

Sons and Daughters was successful internationally. From February 1983, British television broadcaster ITV began airing un-networked episodes of the series to audiences across the United Kingdom, meaning that some parts of the country were months or even years behind others in the storyline. During the late 1980s, the series aired throughout western Europe on various TV stations. The UK and most European and foreign territories broadcast the series in daytime, although it did air at 7 pm in the Netherlands and Belgium.

History and synopsis

[edit]

Sons and Daughters was broadcast nationally on the Seven Network and produced by the Reg Grundy Organization, it was created by television executive Reg Watson, in 1981, well known for his work on the British soap opera, Crossroads (1964), and creating the popular Australian serials, The Young Doctors (1976), The Restless Years (1977), and Prisoner (1979).

Watson was inspired by the glossy US prime-time soap opera, Dallas, and its more down-to-earth spin-off, Knots Landing, which were averaging huge ratings in the US in their respective time slots on network CBS. Curious to see how an Australian soap opera, similar in style to those shows, would fare with early evening or prime-time audiences, he began coming up with new material with the possibility of them becoming ongoing serials. Two of his ideas were commissioned for broadcast in 1982; Taurus Rising, which was bought by Nine Network, was a series about two wealthy families at war, the Drysdales and the Brents; Seven Network green lit

Sons and Daughters - also about two families: the wealthy Hamiltons, and working class Palmers - as their new soap, commissioning 174 episodes in the first year to air in half-hour installments, Monday to Thursday at 7pm. While Taurus Rising was not a success for Nine, Sons and Daughters was an instant hit on Seven and it quickly became the biggest and most watched series on Australian television. Its success can be somewhat attributed to the writers placing one or more families, and other peripheral characters, in either Sydney or Melbourne; they knew the show would appeal to viewers living in both those cities. Watson was keenly aware that Melbourne-based shows often did not rate well with Sydney viewers, and he set about using either Sydney or Melbourne as the birthplace for many of the show's cast of characters. Critics and press likened the serial as an Australian version of Latin American or South American telenovelas which would often hit huge viewership figures in their home country.

Ratings for the serial were very high for the first three years of production, but following the departure of the series' biggest star, Rowena Wallace, in early 1985 to pursue other acting opportunities, ratings quickly began to decline. A series of replacement characters were brought in, most notably Abigail, as Caroline Morrell, and former 1960s pop idol Normie Rowe as her husband Doug but ratings were still not as strong as the early years, so producers decided to bring back Wallace's character, Patricia Hamilton, but this time, she'd be played by another actress. In mid-1985, the well known and popular actress Belinda Giblin arrived as "Alison Carr", the new identity of Patricia, who'd had a vast amount of plastic surgery in Rio de Janeiro to escape from authorities who were looking for her in Australia in connection with the murder of a wealthy millionaire's son Luke Carlyle, who'd embezzled his father's and Patricia's firm. Patricia used this new identity to regain entry into Australia to clear her name - but slowly, the other characters all began to realise that Alison was really Patricia in disguise.

With an instant boost to viewing figures, and Giblin's portrayal of Alison/Patricia a huge success, the serial was deemed to be saved from cancellation and continued through 1985 and into 1986, but still on very shaky ground. A drastic cast revamp then followed in early 1986, saw long-serving cast members removed in an attempt to appeal to younger viewers, and more comedy added to scripts and storylines. Unfortunately, the revamped cast and plots did nothing to halt the falling ratings and so more desperate measures were applied to try and save the show. In late 1986, and after several previous offers, Rowena Wallace finally relented and agreed to return to the series, but this time, she'd play Patricia/Alison's long-lost twin sister, Pamela Hudson. Production ended in March 1987, with a one-hour episode aired weekly across Australia, until the end of the year.

Sons and Daughters is best remembered also for its over-the-top storylines and dramatic cliffhangers, which became much more outrageous in the later seasons. One such "cliffhanger episode", the finale for the 1986 season, Alison Carr (Belinda Giblin) is bitten by a venomous snake, which had been hidden in a wall safe that Alison broke into to steal documents belonging to long-running villain, Wayne Hamilton, played by Ian Rawlings. In the same episode, Wayne himself is pursued by a great white shark, and Andy Green (Danny Roberts) is kicked in the face by a rearing race horse. All these cliffhangers were used as a way to try and increase ratings, but ultimately, they had poor resolutions, and this had the unfortunate effect of furthering the demise of the serial. Sons and Daughters has gradually gained a cult following after several repeat runs locally and other international territories. Testamount to the series longevity, between 2020 and 2022, the entire series were released on DVD as season boxsets by ViaVision Entertainment.

Theme tune

[edit]

The theme tune was composed by partners Peter Pinne & Don Battye and performed by Mick Leyton and Kerrie Biddell. Two main versions of the theme were used in the closing credits, one in 3/4 time and one in 4/4 time: the first version was used as the main closing theme for most episodes shown in 1982 and 1983, with very occasional use of the second version, while the second version was then used permanently from 1984 to 1987. In addition. The full theme tune was released on a 7-inch single in the UK in 1984 and reached number 68 in the charts remaining for three weeks. It was released on the A1 record label with catalogue number 'A1 286'.

Plot

[edit]

Season 1

[edit]

The initial premise for the show was a Romeo and Juliet-style romance storyline that revolved around two families, the wealthy Hamilton family who lived in Sydney, and the Palmers, a working-class family from Melbourne. The characters of John Palmer (Peter Phelps) and spoilt rich girl Angela Hamilton (Ally Fowler) meet by chance whilst John is on the run from the police for a murder he did not commit. The two fall in love, not realising that they are actually twins, separated at birth 20 years earlier following an affair between their parents, David Palmer (Tom Richards) and Patricia (Rowena Wallace). Early episodes saw the pair discover the truth about their heritage and showed the problems and strains this put on their own relationship and those of their immediate families. While on the run John is protected in Sydney by Fiona Thompson (Pat McDonald), a former madame and prostitute and now boarding house owner who had raised John when he was a young boy. With a new identity and now going by the name of Scott Edwards, John attempts to build a new life, with the help of Fiona and her friend Jill Taylor (Kim Lewis), another former prostitute.

Following the shock revelation of John and Angela's true heritage and the subsequent reunion of the two families, a series of dramatic events unfolds, intertwining the lives of both the Palmers and the Hamiltons. The Palmers' newly-wed daughter Susan (Ann Henderson-Stiers) receives the shock revelation that her husband Bill Todd is responsible for the murder of which John was suspected, and Bill is subsequently convicted and jailed. The Palmers' youngest son Kevin (Stephen Comey) and his girlfriend Lynn Hardy (Antonia Murphy) find their lives turned upside down when she becomes pregnant, despite their families' best efforts to keep them apart. Father and son David and John Palmer's relationship continues to deteriorate, and when David and Patricia meet up again 20 years on from their initial affair, old passions resurface, culminating in the destruction of both their marriages—David's marriage to dedicated housewife Beryl (Leila Hayes) and Patricia's marriage to the wealthy and successful businessman Gordon (Brian Blain). Amidst a web of intrigue concerning the numerous instabilities within both families, and shady big-business deals concerning Gordon's company, his ownership of country estate Woombai, and the increasing involvement of his manipulative son Wayne (Ian Rawlings), the drama builds throughout the season.

The character of Patricia rapidly developed into the main focus of the show, with her neurotic bitchiness and scheming being the source of most of the drama and tension between the other characters. Patricia became a popular character among viewers and was dubbed 'Pat the Rat'. New characters introduced later in the season included Patricia's best friend, the dizzy socialite Charlie Bartlett (Sarah Kemp), Rob Keegan (Noel Hodda), the younger brother of Beryl Palmer who falls in love with and marries Angela, and Paul Sheppard (Mark Ferguson), the morally confused and neurotic grandson of Patricia's former lover James Sheppard, who left Patricia a substantial amount of his fortune following his death.

Season 2

[edit]

As season 2 kicks off, Patricia is sinking further into depression after she overdoses on sleeping pills and Susan steps in to help take care of her as a live-in nurse, while scheming Wayne tricks Patricia into signing her power of attorney over to him to give him power over his father, Gordon. Shortly after, Susan becomes the first of the main cast to depart the series as she leaves to be closer to her husband Bill's prison. John tracks down his real father Martin Healy (Paul Sonkkila)—a prominent officer in the Air Force—and also manages to find Patricia's estranged sister, Margaret Dunne (Ilona Rodgers). The reunion of Patricia with Martin and Margaret sparks off a series of dramatic storylines as old secrets are revealed and old tensions between Patricia and Margaret resurface. At the same time, we are introduced to Martin's children, John and Angela's half-brother Peter (Brett Climo), and adoptive half-sister, Jennifer (Jodie Yemm). A major turning point in the series comes with the eventual suicide of Martin, after his past crimes catch up with him. When Margaret removes his suicide note from beside the body, David comes under suspicion of Martin's murder.

Other plot developments included Jill's involvement with illegal Irish immigrant Brian O'Donnell (Lee James), whom she agrees to marry so he can obtain a visa to stay in the country. Fiona is shattered when her boarding house on Manly Terrace burns down, almost killing Jill in the inferno. A heated love triangle occurs between the characters of Angela, Rob Keegan (Noel Hodda), and Paul Sheppard, following which all three characters depart the show. Unlucky Jill is shockingly raped by drifter Terry Hansen (Andrew Clarke), who is revealed to be Fiona's long-lost son, whom she conceived with on-off past love, Scott Thompson (David Nettheim). In a highly controversial storyline, Terry was treated by the scriptwriters as a sympathetic character despite the rape and his subsequent spell in prison. Later in the season, Gordon marries neighbour, Barbara Armstrong (Cornelia Frances), and after they enter a business deal with Barbara's entrepreneur brother, Stephen Morrell (Michael Long), they are shocked when Stephen suddenly marries Patricia after a whirlwind romance. This leads to the introduction of a third family for the show—the wealthy and powerful Morrells, including Stephen's mother Dee (Mary Ward), a ruthless elderly businesswoman, and his daughter, scheming and beautiful, Amanda (Alyce Platt). Following Dee's death from a heart condition, major developments occur when the contents of her will are revealed, affecting the other characters' lives dramatically. Upon Dee's insistence that a male heir continue her business, Stephen tracks down the young man he believes to be his long-lost son, Andy Green (Danny Roberts).

Season 3

[edit]

When season 3 starts, Fiona is shocked by the return of Scott Thompson, whom Jill had contacted to pay for her abortion. Patricia's short marriage to Stephen unravels and she seeks comfort in the arms of psychiatrist, Matt Kennedy (Vince Martin), while continuing her bitter feud with sister Margaret, which climaxes in the siblings being trapped in a bush fire at Woombai, and finally making their peace when Margaret saves Patricia's life.

Major changes in the cast occur with the departure of original twin, John (Peter Phelps); a temporary departure for Stephen Morrell (Michael Long); whilst Doug (Syd Conabere) and Rosie Palmer (Anne Haddy) also left the regular cast. To replace the departed characters, there was the introduction of a fourth family in the form of the Melbourne-based, working-class, O'Brien family; Mike (Ken James) and Heather (Rona Coleman), and their teenage children, Katie (Jane Seaborn) and Jeff (Craig Morrison) - move in next door to the Palmers, and quickly become involved in the dramas of the other characters. Mike's brother, Jim (Sean Scully) arrived a few weeks later. The Palmers go on to experience further problems when David has an affair with Patricia's sister Margaret, which finally ends his marriage to Beryl. She soon starts dating Jim O'Brien, but David's happiness with Margaret is short-lived when she dies following injuries sustained in a plane crash. Beryl's happiness is also shattered when Jim dies following a bomb explosion on David's booby-trapped truck. Lynn (Antonia Murphy) becomes involved with Andy Green while Kevin is working overseas, and the two fall in love, leaving Lynn confused and contemplating suicide on the edge of a cliff. Lynn eventually chooses to stay with Kevin, and they both decide to move overseas with son Davey, and leave the series for good.

Patricia finds herself embroiled with shady businessman, Roger Carlyle (Leslie Dayman), and his son, Luke (Peter Cousens). Shortly after Luke embezzles Patricia's company, Luke is found by Beryl murdered, and Patricia becomes the prime suspect in the police's search to find his killer, leading to a series of attempts on her life, all orchestrated by Roger. Other new characters introduced during the season include Irene Fisher (Judy Nunn), a GP who opens a new boarding house with Fiona; Karen Fox (Lyndel Rowe), a deceitful businesswoman who wreaks havoc whilst having a romantic affair with Wayne; Ross Newman (Robin Stewart), a gambling-addicted surgeon, under the influence of Roger Carlyle; and Bob 'Mitch' Mitchell (Philip Quast), an ex-convict who becomes romantically involved with Amanda whilst coming to blows with Karen and Wayne.

Season 4

[edit]

Season 4 features a major turning point with the departure of its most popular character, Patricia Hamilton Morrell Palmer Dunne, only two weeks into the season. When Rowena Wallace chose to leave, the producers initially attempted to replace Patricia with several strong female antagonists in the form of Karen Fox (Lyndel Rowe), Leigh and Caroline Morrell but none of these proved as successful. This led to the producers deciding to bring back the character of Patricia back, now played by actress Belinda Giblin, having undergone a drastic facial reconstruction following plastic surgery in Rio de Janeiro, and now known as "Alison Carr". Further cast changes include the departure of the entire O'Brien family - not long after the tragic death of Jeff, in a house fire he caused whilst drunk on vodka - as well as an original character, Jill O'Donnell, who all left during the aftermath of Patricia's disappearance in episode 584. The season begins with Patricia finally marrying David, before fleeing to Rio to escape Roger Carlyle. Meanwhile, Wayne is tricked by Karen into marrying her, believing she has covered up the murder of Mitch for him, unaware Mitch is not dead at all and was paid by Karen to disappear. Shortly after the truth is revealed, Karen is found dead in the creek at Dural, having been pushed off a bridge following a confrontation with escort Liz Smith who is in love with Gordon. Beryl gives birth a baby son Robert, but he is abducted by Dr. Ross Newman, and a nurse, Gloria Dutton; then again later by Leigh. Fiona becomes involved in a bitter battle to have deceased fiancé Barney Adams' secret wartime diaries published, running into opposition from Colonel Bainbridge and his son Chris. The Colonel commits suicide and Chris sets out on a vendetta of revenge against Fiona. Karen Fox tricks Wayne into marriage after convincing him that he has killed Mitch. Wayne goes missing shortly after, worried that he will face jail for murder and whilst he is away a look-alike arrives and fools everyone into believing he is Wayne. Ian Rawlings plays dual roles as both Wayne Hamilton and Gary Evans. One of the bigger storylines for the season sees a planned redevelopment threaten to destroy Woombai under the direction of the scheming Bill Ashley (Peter Dahlsen) although the development is a scam. When Amanda Morrell overhears a conversation that could jeopardise the entire scheme, she mysteriously goes missing, leaving the Morrell family distraught and Caroline desperate to find her. Caroline begins to get closer to recently returned ex-husband Stephen, and she warns his new love interest Jenny Turner to stay away from him and the two become rivals. The father of Leigh Palmer's baby, Richard Crampton arrived, deciding he wants custody and he hires Neil Duffy (Geoffrey Rowe) to try to buy his son from Leigh. When this fails, Crampton starts terrorising her and hires a hitman, Nick Stafford to go after Leigh. Crampton ends up dying at Stafford's hands after David has already fired a shot at him. David and Fiona go to Rio in search of Patricia, David having received an amount of money that he believes must have come from her. Following plastic surgery to hide injuries sustained at the hands of a thug who beat her up in Rio de Janeiro, Patricia returns to Australia under a new identity; Alison Carr and she begins to start trying to clear "her friend's" Patricia's name for the murder of Luke Carlyle. Mary Reynolds turns up at Woombai, lost and confused and claiming that Patricia is her mother

Season 5

[edit]

This season sees a significant change of focus for the serial, with storylines shifting from the business intrigue and corporate scheming of the previous couple of years, to more down-to-earth storylines with humour and comedy being introduced, along with a lot of new younger characters. A new production regime swept away popular regular characters, including the long-running Barbara Hamilton, and also Irene Fisher; both were hastily written out of the series in very quick succession. In Cornelia Frances's 2003 autobiography, she states that it was not her decision to leave the series, but that of a producer, Posie Jacobs, who suddenly axed hers, and Judy Nunn's character, due to there being an overabundance of "aunty" types in the cast. Other characters that failed to make it to the end of the season included Leigh Palmer, killed-off very early in the season; Tim Palmer Donna Palmer Spider Webb (Willy Fennell), Brett Keegan, Adam Tate, Samantha Morrell and Mary Reynolds were also written out after relatively short stints in the series. Consequently, there was an influx of less well-received new characters including Fiona's niece, prim and proper Janice Reid ; a new tenant in Fiona's boarding house, May Walters a young runaway, Craig Maxwell, who mistook Beryl Palmer as his real mother; and Doug Fletcher came in as a new love interest for Caroline. There was also a trio of new, good-looking younger characters; Glenn Young (Mark Conroy), Debbie Halliday and Ginny Doyle and in a nod to the early years, the return of a re-cast Susan Todd Palmer, played now by Oriana Panozzo. Storylines see Samantha Morrell shocked after running into Bill Ashley and discovering new information regarding her missing sister Amanda, but the search that follows ends with devastating news as they discover Amanda died a few months earlier having been forced into a life of drugs and prostitution. Leigh Palmer commits suicide early in the season, outside the court where she is facing sentencing for kidnapping baby Robert—bringing an end to one of the series longest-running storylines. Fiona meets her bossy niece Janice for the first time, arriving just as Fiona is to undergo an operation to remove her kidney and together they launch a campaign to save an old mansion house that Fiona once lived in with old friend May Walters. When an angry Caroline starts arguing with Alison whilst she is driving, a serious car crash ensues, with Barbara and Gordon's lives left at risk and ultimately leaving Barbara with serious facial scars and Gordon with amnesia believing he is still married to Patricia. Alison uses the situation to her advantage to get Barbara out of Gordon's life for good and Caroline finds herself serving time in prison. Craig Maxwell turns up in Sydney, looking for his mother, Ruby Hawkins, who gave him up when he was a baby, and who happens to be the exact double of Beryl Palmer. Initial misunderstandings are resolved and Craig accepts that Beryl isn't Ruby. Beryl subsequently helps Craig track Ruby down. At this point Leila Hayes plays both the roles of Beryl and Ruby. Ned Parker and Micky Pratt hold Janice, May, Gordon and Neville hostage at the mansion, following Ned's escape from jail. Micky is killed when she walks out into the road without seeing a car heading towards her. As the siege comes to an end, Patricia's fingerprints are discovered on a gun that was used and Alison's real identity is finally revealed.

Season 6

[edit]

Departing characters included another original character, David Palmer (Tom Richards), May Walters and Owen Brooke—all left at the end of season 5—and relatively recent additions, Ginny Doyle and Glen Young, were both killed off in a car accident involving Wayne. Debbie Halliday also left during the season but returned for the final episode. New additions include feuding brothers, Nick (John Hannon) and Michael Benson (Phillip Spencer-Harris); a new set of twins, Greg (Tom Jennings) and Sarah Hudson (Melissa Docker); and, in an attempt to boost flagging ratings, producers finally lured back Rowena Wallace, who'd originally played Patricia, to play her own twin sister Pamela Hudson — a storyline which ultimately failed to save the series. Caroline discovers that Susan is alive and well despite being presumed dead and she is in hiding from Wayne. When an upset Wayne gets drunk and drives off, Glen and Ginny go after him and a high-speed chase follows which leads to Glen's and Ginny's deaths. Wayne turns everyone against him and when he is shot there are no shortage of suspects. Beryl finds herself behind bars for the shooting, having realised Susan was guilty and so she lied to protect her daughter. While in prison Beryl meets Pamela Hudson, who is the spitting image of Patricia. It is soon discovered that Pamela and Patricia are twins, separated at birth. While Patricia lived the good life, Pamela had a much tougher upbringing. Andy learns that he has a baby daughter, Madonna, who is the result of a fling with Jodie Frazer. When Jodie decides that she can't cope with bringing up a baby on her own and dumps Madonna on Janice, Andy steps in and decides to be a proper father to the girl. Gordon goes into business with Bill Sanders, Doug and Alison at Sanders' Air Charter. Just as everything seems to be going well, a plane is sabotaged. The company appears to be falling apart until a mystery company puts up money to keep it going. Gordon discovers to his surprise that it was Wayne who was behind the rescue. Although father and son have been on opposing sides for some time, Gordon remarks that it appears that Wayne might have changed for the better. As he settles with new wife Beryl and her son, Robert in Melbourne, Gordon finds himself content. Benson is a psychiatrist brought in to help Wayne remember who shot him. Nick has a fraught relationship with his brother, Michael. Very much a ladies' man, Nick is attracted to Alison but he also finds himself attracted to sister, Pamela. There ensues a furious struggle between Alison and Pamela, using powerful mind games to try to destroy each other. Nick eventually chooses Pamela over Alison and drives off with her to begin a new life. Doug and Caroline marry, and Caroline is revealed as the author of a book entitled My Sister My Love, based on the lives of the Hamiltons and the Palmers, despite the changes of character names. Doug tries to stop Caroline promoting the book, warning her that they're going to lose all their friends, but Caroline ignores him. She even writes a sequel. Caroline discovers that she's pregnant, but also learns that the baby could be born with Down's Syndrome and she opts to have an abortion, later deciding that she can't go through with it. She doesn't tell Doug that she's pregnant, but instead decides to leave him and start life afresh elsewhere. Doug learns about the pregnancy, though, and he chases after Caroline and tells her that he loves her, and that he wants her to have the baby and that he doesn't care if its handicapped, wanting them all to be together as a family. Caroline agrees and Doug buys a fish shop in Melbourne! Charlie meets Todd Buckley (Paul Dawber), a fitness instructor who works at her gym, and there is an instant attraction. The couple quickly announce their engagement, despite attempts by Alison to break them up. Charlie becomes so appalled at Alison's behaviour and schemes that she throws her out, leaving Alison staying in a cheap, run-down motel. Charlie enjoys a fairytale wedding to Todd and prepares to live happily ever after. Sarah Hudson arouses Wayne's interest, and they begin to spend time together. Sarah tries to throw herself at Wayne, but he's wary after all his bad experiences with women. Meanwhile, he puts his plan into action to take everything and everyone away from Alison. With Wayne believing his wife Susan is dead, Alison decides to use Susan to get at Wayne but the plan backfires when Susan is left dead on the lounge floor at Dural, having apparently been strangled by Wayne. Realising that he's finally gone too far, he turns to the telephone and makes a call. He asks for the police. Alison faces bankruptcy but is reunited with David. The show ends in a similar vein to how it began. At Fiona's mansion boarding house, a young couple arrive and ask for a room. The young woman is heavily pregnant. Fiona takes them in, just as she had with David and Patricia all those years ago. The woman gives birth to twins, a boy and a girl and the story seems to have finally come full circle. The final episode ends with a montage of many cast members, both past and present.

Cast

[edit]

The main cast of Sons and Daughters are initially listed in the closing credits under their respective families (The Hamilton family, the Palmer family, the Morell family, the O'Brien family), interspersed with separate slides for characters (such as Fiona Thompson and Jill Taylor) who don't easily fit into a category. This was followed by the guest actors of each episode (referred to as "guest artists").

From episode 737, the credits were changed to list the main cast in alphabetical order.

There were occasional errors during the series run, such as cast members credited in episodes long after they departed or characters listed under their wrong married name.

Actor Character Appears in
The Hamilton family
Rowena Wallace Patricia "Pat the Rat" Hamilton Morrell Palmer
Pamela Hudson		 series 1–4, episodes 2–536
series 6, episodes 905–944
Brian Blain Gordon Hamilton series 1–6, episodes 2–972
Ally Fowler Angela Hamilton Palmer Keegan series 1–3, episodes 2–424
Ian Rawlings Wayne Hamilton Morrell series 1–6, episodes 2–972
Cornelia Frances Barbara Armstrong Hamilton series 1–5, episodes 13–736
...
Pat McDonald Fiona Thompson series 1–6, episodes 1–972
Kim Lewis Jill Taylor O'Donnell series 1–4, episodes 1–584
Noel Hodda Rob Keegan series 1–6, episodes 74–896
Mark Ferguson Paul Sheppard series 1–3, episodes 112–443
Paul Sonkkila Martin Healy series 2, episodes 186–252
Grant Piro Tony Parker series 2–3, episodes 255–462
Danny Roberts Andrew Green series 2–6, episodes 342–982
Sarah Kemp Charlie Bartlett series 1–6, episodes 43–972
The Palmer family
Leila Hayes Beryl Palmer Hamilton series 1–6, episodes 1–972
Tom Richards David Palmer series 1–6, episodes 1–972
Peter Phelps John Palmer series 1–3, episodes 1–424
Ann Henderson-Stires
Oriana Panozzo		 Susan Palmer Todd Hamilton series 1–2, episodes 1–212
series 5–6, episodes 731–972
Stephen Comey Kevin Palmer series 1–3, episodes 1–466
Antonia Murphy Lynn Hardy Palmer series 1–3, episodes 5–466
Syd Conabere Doug Palmer series 1–3, episodes 10–398
Anne Haddy Rosie Andrews Palmer series 1–4, episodes 30–534
Lisa Crittenden Leigh Palmer series 4–5, episodes 534–699
The Morrell family
Michael Long Stephen Morrell series 2–4, episodes 267–651
Alyce Platt Amanda Morrell series 2–4, episodes 286–594
Abigail Caroline Morrell Fletcher series 4–6, episodes 554–971
Sally Tayler Samantha Morrell series 4–5, episodes 587–740
The O'Brien family
Ken James Mike O'Brien series 3–4, episodes 387–584
Rona Coleman Heather O'Brien series 3–4, episodes 387–692
Jane Seaborn Katie O'Brien series 3–4, episodes 387–584
Craig Morrison Jeff O'Brien series 3, episodes 387–507
...
Belinda Giblin Allison Carr series 4–6, episodes 630–972
Jared Robinson Craig Maxwell series 5–6, episodes 731–971
Mark Conroy Glen Young series 5–6, episodes 735–887
Angela Kennedy Ginny Doyle series 5–6, episodes 789–887
Rima Te Wiata Janice Reid series 5–6, episodes 714–972
Shannon Kenny Debby Halliday series 5–6, episodes 750–971
Normie Rowe Doug Fletcher series 5–6, episodes 734–971
Phillip Spencer-Harris Michael Benson series 5–6, episodes 858–970
Haydon Samuels Tick McCarthy series 5–6, episodes 863–952
John Hannon Nick Benson series 6, episodes 903–944
Paul Dawber Todd Buckley series 6, episodes 945–972
Melissa Docker Sarah Hudson series 6, episodes 945–972
Tom Jennings Greg Hudson series 6, episodes 942–972

Opening titles sequence

[edit]

Each episode opens with sepia-toned portraits of the main cast members, which change from year to year. There are some anomalies, such as Judy Nunn (who is credited as "guest artist" for her entire two-year run) being included over cast members who never appear in the opening. They include (in chronological order):

  • Peter Phelps as John Palmer (series 1–3, episodes 1–434)
  • Ally Fowler as Angela Hamilton Keegan (series 1–2, episodes 1–292)
  • Rowena Wallace as Patricia Hamilton Morrell (series 1–4, episodes 1–545)
  • Tom Richards as David Palmer (series 1–5, episodes 1–860)
  • Pat McDonald as Fiona Thompson (all episodes)
  • Brian Blain as Gordon Hamilton (all episodes)
  • Leila Hayes as Beryl Palmer Hamilton (all episodes)
  • Kim Lewis as Jill Taylor O’Donnell (series 1–4, episodes 1–584)
  • Ian Rawlings as Wayne Hamilton Morrell (all episodes)
  • Ann Henderson-Stires as Susan Todd (series 1, episodes 1–174)
  • Stephen Comey as Kevin Palmer (series 1–2, episodes 1–352)
  • Noel Hodda as Rob Keegan (series 2, episodes 277–292)
  • Cornelia Frances as Barbara Hamilton (series 2–5, episodes 293–736)
  • Antonia Murphy as Lynn Palmer (series 2–4, episodes 293–500)
  • Danny Roberts as Andy Green (series 3–6, episodes 353–972)
  • Alyce Platt as Amanda Morrell (series 3–4, episodes 425–596)
  • Jane Seaborn as Katie O’Brien (series 3–4, episodes 493–596)
  • Sarah Kemp as Charlie Bartlett Buckley (series 4–6, episodes 546–972)
  • Abigail as Caroline Morrell Fletcher (series 4–6, episodes 585–972)
  • Lisa Crittenden as Leigh Palmer (series 4, episodes 597–696)
  • Michael Long as Stephen Morrell (series 4, episodes 601–652)
  • Judy Nunn as Irene Fisher (series 4–5, episodes 653–736)
  • Belinda Giblin as Alison Carr (series 5–6, episodes 697–972)
  • Mark Conroy as Glen Young (series 5–6, episodes 737–868)
  • Jared Robinson as Craig Maxwell (series 5–6, episodes 737–972)
  • Normie Rowe as Doug Fletcher (series 5–6, episodes 861–972)
  • Oriana Panozzo as Susan Hamilton (series 6, episodes 893–972)

Notable guest artists

[edit]
Actor Character Appears in
Gaynor Martin Prue Armstrong series 1, episodes 62–103
Ilona Rodgers Margaret Dunne series 2–3, episodes 181–422
Katie Brinson Wendy Armstrong series 2, episodes 183–216
Brett Climo Peter Healy series 2, episodes 201–276
Jodie Yemm Jennifer Healy series 2, episodes 219–257
Mary Ward Dee Morrell series 2, episodes 305–337
Sean Scully Jim O'Brien series 3–4, episodes 401–609
Judy Nunn Irene Fisher series 3–5, episodes 422–738
Lyndel Rowe Karen Fox Hamilton series 3–4, episodes 461–562
Robert Mammone Tim Palmer series 4–5, episodes 552–746
Joanna Lockwood Jenny Turner Morrell series 4, episodes 572–651
Tony Ward Roland Armstrong series 4, episodes 588–639
Brett Partridge Brett Keegan series 4, episodes 619–671
Simone Buchanan Donna Jackson Palmer series 4–5, episodes 646–728
Nick Tate James Hamilton series 4–5, episodes 671–708

Family trees

[edit]

Palmers

[edit]
Doug PalmerRosie Palmer
Martin HealyPatricia HamiltonDavid PalmerBeryl PalmerFrannie HendersonRay Palmer
John PalmerRob KeeganAngela HamiltonTim Palmer
Bill ToddSusan PalmerWayne HamiltonLeigh PalmerRichard Crampton
Lynn HardyKevin PalmerShane Palmer
Davey Palmer

Hamiltons

[edit]
Beryl Palmer
Barbara Armstrong
Nancy AndrewsGordon HamiltonPatricia DunneMartin HealyJames Hamilton
Amanda MorrellWayne HamiltonMary Reynolds (marriage annulled)
Karen FoxSusan PalmerJohn PalmerAngela HamiltonRob Keegan

Keegans

[edit]
Bob KeeganAileen Keegan
??Rob KeeganAngela HamiltonGordon HamiltonBeryl KeeganDavid Palmer
Brett Keegan
Bill ToddSusan PalmerWayne HamiltonKevin PalmerLynn HardyRobert Palmer
David Palmer

Broadcast schedule

[edit]

Seven Network aired the first episode as a 90-minute special 18 January 1982 in Sydney and Melbourne, during the Christmas/New Year non-ratings period. The date of the final episode varied across Australia. There are 972 half-hour episodes, although during the series' original run, later episodes were shown in an hour-long format. No figures are available for how many of these longer episodes made up the show's run. The series was broadcast on the Seven Network, initially (in Sydney and Melbourne) four days a week for half an hour at 19:00-19:30. In 1984, Sydney broadcasts changed to one-hour episodes on Sunday and Monday at 19:30-20:30, and in later years, most Australian stations aired Sons and Daughters as two one-hour shows per week, and finally in one hour-long show per week. It became the highest-rated programme in its slot, and was the most watched Australian soap of the 1980s. The series eventually began to suffer from declining ratings, and was ultimately cancelled April 1987 though the final episodes did not screen till after Christmas on 27 December 1987 at 6.30pm Sunday night on Channel Seven Sydney.

During the 1990s the TV series was repeated throughout Australia, usually in early-morning and daytime slots first at 9.30am weekday mornings then at the later time of 5.30am early mornings.

The series has been repeated 4 times in Australia, firstly on Foxtel between from 1997, with the final episode airing in mid-2000. Seven Network began another re-run in October 2006, airing weekdays at 10:00. This was discontinued in early 2007, then resumed in July 2008, airing on Wednesday nights, usually around midnight. In October 2013, episodes were airing Tuesday and Thursday mornings at 3:30 am. Episode 461 aired on 8 October 2013. Series was again replayed on its original broadcast TV channel Seven during 2014-2018 on Sunday mornings first as a half hour at 5.00am and then later in double episodes 5.00-6.00am before final episode (972) aired, in HD, on 11 August 2019 on Sunday morning 5am.

7TWO has repeated the series twice, in full. First from 2 November 2009 until 9 October 2013. To mark the 40th anniversary, a second run began Monday, 3 January 2022. Four episodes aired back to back each weekday at 2.30pm, later moving to 1.00pm in October 2022 for the final season. The final episode aired at 2.30pm on Friday, 16 December 2022.

Episodes

[edit]

Although Sons and Daughters was screened by all stations of the Seven Network, and many regional stations and affiliates, each station scheduled the series independently and at their own pace, in a combination of 30-minute and 60-minute episodes. The table below refers only to the original broadcast dates by ATN7, the Sydney station of the Seven Network. ATN is generally considered to be the “home station” of Sons and Daughters as it was filmed at their studios in Epping, New South Wales.

Season Original broadcast (ATN7, Australia) No. of episodes
Season premiere Season finale
1 18 January 1982 (1982-01-18) 11 November 1982 (11 November 1982) 174 1–174
2 31 January 1983 (1983-01-31) 11 November 1983 (1983-11-11) 178 175–352
3 26 February 1984 (1984-02-26) 14 January 1985 (1985-01-14) 176 353–528
4 20 January 1985 (1985-01-20) 1985 (1985) 168 529–696
5 13 January 1986 (1986-01-13) 1986 (1986) 172 697–868
6 1987 (1987) 27 December 1987 (1987-12-27) 104 869–972

International Broadcasting

[edit]

Ireland

[edit]

Debuted on the RTÉ One network in October 1984 airing Friday's at 2pm[1] The series has been repeated multiple times on RTE throughout the 80's and 90's during their afternoon schedule.

New Zealand

[edit]

Sons and Daughters debuted on TV2 as a feature-length telemovie (the first three episodes) on Sunday 9 February 1986 at 7.25pm.

The series was then shown on TV2 as five half-hour episodes every week at 6.00pm, Monday to Friday, all year round (as opposed to four half-hour, or, two one-hour weekly episodes, for approximately ten months, as broadcast in Australia) from Monday 10 February 1986 until Friday 22 July 1988. Kim Lewis, Antonia Murphy and Ian Rawlings appeared as overseas guests on Telethon in June 1988, after the series had been cancelled in Australia.

On Monday 25 July 1988, the series was moved to TV One and aired at 5.25pm as a lead-in to the Network News at Six. The final episode of Sons and Daughters was broadcast on Wednesday 13 December 1989 at 5.25pm.

United Kingdom

[edit]

Sons and Daughters has been broadcast on four British TV channels: The first airing was on the ITV network from 6 February 1983 when Central Independent Television started the serial. Five months later in July, Yorkshire Television began, and over the following two years, all mainland ITV regions across the UK picked up the series and were free to show it as and when they wished; it was therefore seen as regional daytime filler and, despite strong ratings for daytime, there were rarely, if ever, articles about it in the British media, or any interviews with its stars (except for one notable feature on TV-am when Anne Diamond interviewed Ian Rawlings, Pat McDonald and Brian Blain in January 1988, after the series had been cancelled in Australia).

The series was initially shown in most ITV areas three episodes every week at 15:30-16:00, Wednesday to Friday, all year round (as opposed to four half-hour, or, two one-hour weekly episodes, for approximately ten months, as broadcast in Australia). However, TVS aired the series 17:15-17:45 between 1984 and 1987, whilst Granada, originally chose 18:00-18:30, before they too moved the series to daytime. Towards the end of their respective runs, some ITV regions increased episodes to four or five every week (Central, Ulster, TSW and Yorkshire), whilst others (Thames, Anglia, TVS) reduced their output to two, or just one per week, demonstrating the wide range of viewing patterns across the UK. The last ITV region to air the final episode was STV, broadcast on 27 July 1995. During the 1980s, Sons and Daughters achieved consolidated viewing figures of 6 million across the ITV network.[2]

The series was also given further broadcasts by Super Channel between January 1987 and January 1989. In November 1992, the entire series was aired the newly launched UK Gold. Finally, following its launch in March 1997, Channel 5 began broadcasting Sons and Daughters for a nationwide re-run where it ran 13:30-14:00, Monday to Friday, from March 1998 until the end of the year. This ended part-way through the second season at episode 212, but in January 2002, the programme was reinstated to the schedules in an early-hours-of-the-morning Saturday and Sunday slot, continuing from episode 213, until the last episode was broadcast in November 2005.[3]

Home media

[edit]

In July 2021, all episodes were made available to stream free on 7plus.

From November 2020 to December 2022, ‘Via Vision Entertainment’ released all six seasons to DVD.

Compilation DVD

[edit]
Title Format Episodes # Discs Region 4 (Australia) Special Features Distributors
Sons and Daughters –

The Best of Pat The Rat

DVD 12 Selected Episodes 02 9 October 2006 Audio commentary on Episode 693 by Tom Richards (David Palmer) and Belinda Giblin (Alison Carr)

Stills gallery

Both full-length versions of the Sons and Daughters theme

Umbrella Entertainment
The Sons and Daughters Interviews DVD Feature Documentary 01 August 2007 N/A Video Solutions
Sons and Daughters – The Classic Cliffhangers Collection DVD 12 Selected Episodes 02 4 February 2008
  • Audio commentary on Episode 868 by Ian Rawlings (Wayne Hamilton)
  • Audio commentary on Episode 972 by Normie Rowe (Doug Fletcher)
  • Promotion for Tom Richards' Sons and Daughters Interviews DVD
 Umbrella Entertainment

Via Vision Entertainment (Season Sets)

[edit]
Season Title Format Episodes Discs Region 4 (Australia) Special Features More
1
 Sons and Daughters – Collection One DVD 174 (Ep# 001-174) 25 18 November 2020[4][5] Both full-length versions of the Sons and Daughters theme


  • Via Vision Entertainment
  • 4350 minutes
  • 1.33:1 (4:3) aspect ratio
  • Dolby Digital 2.0 Mono
  • ACB rating: PG
2
 Sons and Daughters – Collection Two DVD 178 (Ep# 175-352) 26 3 March 2021[6][7] None


  • Via Vision Entertainment
  • 4100 minutes
  • 1.33:1 (4:3) aspect ratio
  • Dolby Digital 2.0 Mono
  • ACB rating: PG
3
 Sons and Daughters – Collection Three DVD 176 (Ep# 353-528) 25 20 October 2021[8] None


  • Via Vision Entertainment
  • 4224 minutes
  • 1.33:1 (4:3) aspect ratio
  • Dolby Digital 2.0 Mono
  • ACB rating: PG
4
 Sons and Daughters – Collection Four DVD 168 (Ep# 529-696) 24 23 March 2022[9] Audio commentary on Episode 693 by Tom Richards and Belinda Giblin
5
 Sons and Daughters – Collection Five DVD 172 (Ep# 697-868) 25 26 October 2022[10] None
6
 Sons and Daughters – Collection Six DVD 104 (Ep# 869-972) 15 7 December 2022[11] Audio commentary on Episode 868 by Ian Rawlings

Audio commentary on Episode 972 by Normie Rowe

Stills Gallery

1–2
 Sons and Daughters: Years One & Two DVD (Ep# 001-352) 51 5 April 2023 Both full-length versions of the Sons and Daughters theme
3–4
 Sons and Daughters: Years Three & Four DVD (Ep# 353-696) 49 7 June 2023 Audio commentary on Episode 693 by Tom Richards and Belinda Giblin

Streaming Services

[edit]
Title[12] Format Episodes Release Date Distributors
Sons and Daughters (Season 01) Streaming Episodes 01-174 17 February 2021 7plus
Sons and Daughters (Season 02) Streaming Episodes 175-352 12 April 2021 7plus
Sons and Daughters (Season 03) Streaming Episodes 353–528 5 May 2021 7plus
Sons and Daughters (Season 04) Streaming Episodes 529-696 26 May 2021 7plus
Sons and Daughters (Season 05) Streaming Episodes 697–868 9 June 2021 7plus
Sons and Daughters (Season 06) Streaming Episodes 869–972 12 July 2021 7plus

Sons and Daughters: Cast album

[edit]

In the early 1980s when Australia's Seven Network was broadcasting both Sons and Daughters and A Country Practice, it decided to cash in on the shows' success, and provide the shows with some publicity, by producing and releasing a cast album. The album was called All My Friends, and featured the cast of Sons and Daughters on the A-side and the cast of A Country Practice on the B-side.

A-side:

  1. "Sons and Daughters Theme"
  2. "Some Kind of Friend" (Ian Rawlings)
  3. "Bosom Buddies" (Pat McDonald and Rowena Wallace)
  4. "The More I See You" (Peter Phelps and Kim Lewis)
  5. "Behind Closed Doors" (Tom Richards and Leila Hayes)
  6. "Sometimes When We Touch" (Stephen Comey)
  7. "Help Me Make It Through the Night" (Leila Hayes)
  8. "Friends" (Rowena Wallace)

Remakes

[edit]

The series has inspired seven remakes produced under license from the original producers and based, initially, on the original story and character outlines. These are Verbotene Liebe (Germany, 1995–2015); Skilda världar (Sweden, 1996–2002); Apagorevmeni agapi (Greece, 1998); Cuori Rubati (Italy, 2002–2003) Zabranjena ljubav (Croatia, 2004–2008), Zabranena lubov (Bulgaria, 2008–) and Belahan Hati (Indonesia, 2001–2002).

Awards and nominations

[edit]
Year Awards Category Nominee Result
1983 Logie Awards Most Popular Drama Series Sons and Daughters Won
Most Popular Lead Actress in a Series Rowena Wallace Won
Most Popular New Talent Stephen Comey Won
1984 Logie Awards Most Popular Lead Actress in a Series Rowena Wallace Won
Best Lead Actress in a Series Rowena Wallace Won
1985 Logie Awards Most Popular Personality on Australian Television Rowena Wallace Won
Best Lead Actress in a Series Rowena Wallace Won
Best Supporting Actor in a Series Ian Rawlings Won

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "RTE Guide-Classic Issues". Facebook.
  2. ^ "Damien Timmer: Sons and Daughters".
  3. ^ "How We Used to List", TV Cream
  4. ^ "Sons And Daughters - Season 1". Sanity.com.au. Retrieved 14 October 2020.
  5. ^ Sons and Daughters Collection 1. Retrieved 11 December 2020 – via Booktopia.
  6. ^ "Sons And Daughters - Season 2". Sanity.com.au. Retrieved 21 August 2021.
  7. ^ Sons & Daughters Collection 2. Retrieved 11 December 2020 – via Booktopia.
  8. ^ "Sons And Daughters - Collection 3". sanity.com.au. Retrieved 21 August 2021.
  9. ^ "Sons And Daughters - Collection 4". sanity.com.au. Retrieved 6 August 2022.
  10. ^ "Sons And Daughters - Collection 5". sanity.com.au. Retrieved 6 August 2022.
  11. ^ "Sons And Daughters - Collection 6". sanity.com.au. Retrieved 1 December 2022.
  12. ^ "Sons and Daughters". 7plus.com.au. Retrieved 1 October 2022.
[edit]
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Sons_and_Daughters_(Australian_TV_series)&oldid=1243076497"