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{{short description|Mythical creature in Northern English folklore}}
'''Barghest''', '''Bargtjest''', '''Bo-guest''' or '''Bargest''' is the name often given in the north of [[England]], especially in [[Yorkshire]], to a legendary monstrous [[Black dog (ghost)|black dog]] with huge teeth and claws, though in other cases the name can refer to a [[ghost]] or [[household deity|Household elf]], especially in Northumberland and Durham (see [[Cauld Lad of Hylton]]). One is said to frequent a remote gorge named [[Troller's Gill]]. There is also a story of a Barghest entering the city of [[York]] occasionally, where, according to legend, it preys on lone travellers in the city's narrow [[Snickelways of York|Snickelways]]. [[Whitby]] is also associated with the spectre.<ref>Jeffrey Shaw, ''Whitby Lore and Legend'', (1923)</ref>
{{EngvarB|date=September 2013}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2024}}
In [[Northern England|Northern English]] [[folklore]], the '''Barghest''' or '''Barguest''' is a [[myth]]ical monstrous [[Black dog (ghost)|black dog]] with large teeth and claws,<ref name="EB1911">{{EB1911|inline=1|wstitle=Barghest|volume=3|page=399}} This in turn cites:
*[[Wirt Sikes]], ''British Goblins'' (1880)
*''[[Notes and Queries]]'', first series, ii. 51.
*[[Joseph Ritson]], ''Fairy Tales'' (Lond. 1831), p.&nbsp;58; ''Lancashire Folklore'' (1867)
*Joseph Lucas, ''Studies in Nidderdale'' (Pateley Bridge, 1882)</ref> though in other cases the name can refer to a ghost or [[household deity|household elf]], especially in [[Northumberland]] and [[County Durham|Durham]], such as the [[Cauld Lad of Hylton]].


== Origin of the name ==
The derivation of the word ''barghest'' is disputed. ''[[Ghost]]'' in the north of England was once pronounced ''guest'', and the name is thought to be ''burh-ghest'': town-ghost. Others explain it as German ''Berg-geist'' (mountain spirit), or ''Bär-geist'' (bear-spirit), in allusion to its alleged appearance at times as a bear. Another mooted derivation is 'Bier-Geist', the 'spirit of the funeral bier'.
"Ghost" in [[Northern England]] was pronounced "guest", and the origin is thought to be of the combination ''burh-ghest'', "town-ghost". Others explain it as cognate to German ''Berg-geist'', "mountain ghost" or ''Bär-geist'', "bear-ghost".<ref name="EB1911"/> Another mooted derivation is ''Bahr-Geist'', German for the "spirit of the funeral bier".<ref name="Henderson" />


== Domain and description ==
== The Barghest in popular culture ==
In Yorkshire, England, one notable case is said to frequent a remote gorge named [[Troller's Gill]] in the Yorkshire Dales. A [[ballad]] entitled "The Legend of the Troller's Gill" can be found in [[William Hone]]'s ''Everyday Book'' (1830). It recounts the tale of a man who ventures forth "to the horrid gill of the limestone hill" in order to summon and confront the Barghest in an act of [[ritual magic]]. The man's lifeless body is discovered soon afterward with inhuman marks upon his breast.<ref name=Hone>{{cite book |last=Hone |first=William |date=1830 |title=The Every-day Book and Table Book |volume=3 |pages=653–655}}</ref> There is also a story of a Barghest entering the city of [[York]] occasionally where, according to legend, it preys on lone travellers in the city's narrow [[Snickelways of York|Snickelways]]. Furthermore, the building at number [[1 The Shambles]] is named Barghest.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://york-me-community.org/a-little-shambles-shopping-review/ |title=A Little Shambles Shopping Review |website=The York ME Community }}</ref> The town of [[Whitby]] is also associated with the spectre,<ref>{{cite book |first=Jeffrey |last=Shaw |title=Whitby Lore and Legend |date=1923}}</ref> and yet another haunted an area of wasteland between Wreghorn and Headingley Hill near [[Leeds]].<ref name="Henderson" /><ref name=Briggs>{{cite book |author-link=Katharine Mary Briggs |last=Briggs |first=Katharine |date=1976 |title=An Encyclopedia of Fairies |publisher=[[Pantheon Books]] |pages=16–17 |isbn=0394409183}}</ref>


In Durham, during the 1870s a shapeshifting Barghest was said to live near [[Darlington]] and was said to take the form of a headless man (who would vanish in flames), a headless lady, a white cat, a rabbit, a dog, or a black dog. Another was said to live in an "uncanny-looking" dale between Darlington and [[Houghton-le-Side|Houghton]] near Throstlenest,.<ref name="Henderson">{{cite book |last=Henderson |first=William |title=Notes on the folk-lore of the northern counties of England and the borders |url=http://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Notes_on_the_folk-lore_of_the_northern_counties_of_England_and_the_borders/Chapter_7#275 |edition=2nd |year=1879 |publisher=Folk-Lore Society |page=275 |chapter=Ch. 7}}</ref>
Many stories, perhaps most notably ''[[The Hound of the Baskervilles]]'', feature ghostly black dogs. See ''[[Black dog (ghost)]]'' for further details. Dogs specifically named as barghests appear in the following:


The Barghest often allegedly serves as an omen of death. At the passing of a notable person the Barghest may appear, followed by all the other dogs of the local area in a kind of funeral procession, heralding the person's death with howling and barking. If anyone were to get in the Barghest's way it would strike out with its paw and leave a wound that never heals.<ref name="Henderson" />
===Literature===
In the novel by [[Bram Stoker]], when arriving at [[Whitby]] aboard the ship ''Demeter'', [[Dracula]] takes the form of a big and ferocious dark dog. The barghest is part of Whitby folklore, and may well have been Stoker's inspiration.


Besides taking the form of a large black dog with fiery eyes, it may also become invisible and walk about with the sound of rattling chains. It may also foretell the death of an individual by laying across the threshold of his or her house, and like the [[vampire]] the Barghest is unable to cross rivers.<ref name=Hone/><ref name=Briggs/>
Also inspired by this legend, the barghest also appears in the children's book ''The Whitby Witches'' by [[Robin Jarvis]].


== In popular culture ==
The barghest is depicted as a shapeshifting beast in ''Sojourn'', written by [[R.A. Salvatore]]. (It should be noted that most of R.A. Salvatore's literary inspiration comes from the pen and paper [[Role-playing game|RPG]] [[Dungeons and Dragons]])
{{more citations needed section|date=October 2018}}
Many stories feature ghostly black dogs. Dogs specifically named as barghests appear in the following:


In [[Roald Dahl]]'s ''[[The Witches (book)|The Witches]]'', it is mentioned as always being male.
* The barghest appears in the children's book ''[[The Whitby Witches]]'' by [[Robin Jarvis]].
* In [[Roald Dahl]]'s ''[[The Witches (novel)|The Witches]]'', the barghest is described as always being male.
* [[Neil Gaiman]]'s short story "Black Dog" features a barghest in the form of a huge black dog which has occult powers.
* In ''[[The Child Thief]]'' by [[Gerald Brom]], barghests are distinctly doglike fairy pets of a powerful witch.
* The 1978 made-for-TV movie ''[[Devil Dog: The Hound of Hell]]'' features a barghest named Lucky.
* ''[[The Barghest O' Whitby]]'' is an EP by doom metal band [[My Dying Bride]].
* In the video game ''[[Kingdoms of Amalur: Reckoning]]'', the barghest is a wolf-like enemy that appears in small packs.
* In the video game ''[[Shin Megami Tensei: Devil Summoner]]'', the Barghest appears as a recruitable demon named Hairy Jack.
* The barghest is a monster in the tabletop role-playing game ''[[Dungeons & Dragons]]'', where it is a shapeshifting fiend that can take the shape of a goblin.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.d20srd.org/srd/monsters/barghest.htm |title=Barghest |website=d20srd.org |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221120071738/https://www.d20srd.org/srd/monsters/barghest.htm |archive-date=20 November 2022}}</ref>
* The barghest acts as the first boss of the role-playing video game ''[[Heartbound (video game)|Heartbound]]'', where it is a corrupted dog.
* ''[[The Witcher (video game)|The Witcher]]'' video game series feature barghests as hostile spectral dogs that hunt travelers in desolate roads at night.
* The "Black Hound", also known as Jelly Bean, which terrorises Trolberg in ''[[Hilda (TV series)|Hilda]]'' is identified as a barghest in the finale of the first season.<ref>{{Cite web |date=20 December 2018 |title=Five Thoughts on Hilda's "The Black Hound" |url=http://www.multiversitycomics.com/tv/hilda-the-black-hound-113/ |access-date=6 February 2021 |website=Multiversity Comics |language=en |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190225044700/http://www.multiversitycomics.com/tv/hilda-the-black-hound-113/ |archive-date=25 February 2019}}</ref>
*In ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online]]'', barghests are found in many places as killable enemies. They are often found with wights and other undead creatures in areas such as the Barrow Downs or Imlad Balchorth.
* A dead barghest which has been 'harvested' appears in the book ''Cursed'' by [[Benedict Jacka]].
*In [[Daniel O'Malley (author)|Daniel O'Malley's]] ''[[The Rook (novel)|The Rook]]'', the barghests were elite combat forces of the Checquy organization.
*In the mobile game ''[[Fate/Grand Order]]'', the player can summon Fae Knight Gawain, who is in truth a Barghest who was given [[Gawain]]'s name and authority by [[Morgan le Fay|Morgan]]. Barghest appears as a Saber-Class and Archer-Class servant.
*The entity is a central theme in "Great Escapes", a 2004 episode of the British TV detective series ''[[Dalziel and Pascoe]]'' written by Elizabeth-Anne Wheal.
*In the Seanan McGuire's ''October Daye'' series, barghests are "nasty, semi-canine beasts with horns, fangs, scorpion stingers{{nbsp}}... basically everything but wings" that infest the larder of a fae noblewoman.<ref>{{Cite book |last=McGuire |first=Seanan |title=Late Eclipses |publisher=Daw |year=2011 |location=NY |language=en}}</ref>
*The card game ''[[Magic: The Gathering]]'' features a card named "Hollowborn Barghest" released in 2008 as part of the Shadowmoor set.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Hollowborn Barghest |url=https://gatherer.wizards.com/pages/card/details.aspx?multiverseid=146095 |access-date=21 September 2022 |website=gatherer.wizards.com |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210707074751/https://gatherer.wizards.com/Pages/Card/Details.aspx?multiverseid=146095 |archive-date=7 July 2021}}</ref>
*In the season 3 episode "Kill Team Kill" of ''[[Love, Death & Robots]]'' features a cybernetic bear monster referred to as "Project Barghest".
*''[[Cyberpunk 2077: Phantom Liberty]]'', the 2023 expansion for the video game ''[[Cyberpunk 2077]]'', prominently features the new gang "Barghest" as antagonists. Their logo is a large canine's head with its maw wide open.
*''[[Bayonetta Origins: Cereza and the Lost Demon]]'', the 2023 video game for the ''[[Nintendo Switch]]'', prominently features the Revenant Faerie known as "Barghest" as summoned enemies under the will of a Faun, a Fairy Necromancer to attack by its command.
*''[[Super Auto Pets]]'', a 2021 video game, features the Barghest in the Tier 1 of the Unicorn Pack. At the start of battle, it gives the Spooked ailment onto the backmost perkless enemy.


== See also ==
Comic book publisher [http://www.barghest.com Barghest Entertainment] takes its name from the legendary demon-dog.
{{Wiktionary}}

*[[Black dog (ghost)]] – A list of phantom black dogs by locale
In the novel ''Forge of the Mindslayers'' by Tim Waggoner, a Barghest is described as a lupine beast with blue tinged fur, a 'goblin-ish' face, and human hands. It can shapeshift into a goblin.
*[[Black Shuck]]

*[[Fox spirit]]
In Chapter 63 of Theodore Dreiser's classic novel, ''An American Tragedy,'' he references the spectre adjectivally, saying, "And at one point it was that a wier-wier, one of the solitary water-birds of this region, uttered its ouphe and '''barghest''' cry, flying from somewhere near into some darker recess within the woods. And at this sound it was that Clyde had stirred nervously and then sat up in the car. It was so very different to any bird-cry he had ever heard anywhere."

===Film and TV===

The Barghest is the main villain in the children's TV series ''[[Roger and the Rottentrolls]]'', which is set in Troller's Ghyll.

The [[1978]] made-for-TV movie ''Devil Dog: [[Hellhound|Hound of Hell]]'' features a barghest named Lucky.

In an episode of the [[BBC]] drama series ''[[Dalziel and Pascoe]]'', a public house situated on the [[North York Moors]] which the episode's plot revolves around is named 'The Barguest', and features a large black dog on its sign.

===Role-playing games===
Barghests feature in:
*[[BattleTech]] - as the name of a [[Mecha|'Mech]].
*[http://www.bortom.nu Bortom: Lögnens slöja]
*[[Dark Conspiracy]]
*[[Dungeons and Dragons]] (''see [[Barghest (Dungeons & Dragons)]]'')
*[[Exalted]]
*[[HARP]]
*[[Shadowrun]] (''see [http://wiki.dumpshock.com/index.php/Barghest Barghest - Sixth World Wiki]'')
*[[The Witcher]]
*[[World of Darkness]]
*[[Wraith: the Oblivion]]

===Trading card games===

In the [[Shadowmoor]] expansion of [[Magic: The Gathering]], one of the creatures is called Hollowborn Barghest.

===Video games===
Barghests, or creatures similar to it, appear in:

*[[Lord of the Rings Online]]
*The [[Monster Rancher]] series.
*[[Fire Emblem]]
*[[Chrono Trigger]].
*The [[Pokémon]] video game series (from the third generation onwards there is a Pokémon based on a white barghest called [[Absol]]).
*[[Final Fantasy XII]]
*[[Wild Arms 2]] as a minor enemy faced inside the prison.
*[[Icewind Dale II]]
*[[The Witcher (video game)|The Witcher]]
*[[Folklore (video game)|Folklore]]
*[[Shadow Hearts 2]]

===Music===
Barghests appear in:
* The song "Barghest" by [[Patrick Wolf]]
* The song "Barghest vs. Aged.A" by psychedelic rock band of Arrowe Hill

==See also==
*[[Black dog (ghost)]], a list & names of phantom black dogs by locale
*[[Wild Hunt]]
*[[Wild Hunt]]
*[[Cŵn Annwn]]


==References==
== References ==
{{Reflist}}
<references />
*Wirt Sikes, ''British Goblins'' (1880); ''[[Notes and Queries]]'', first series, ii. 51;
*[[Joseph Ritson]], ''Fairy Tales'' (Lond. 1831), p. 58;
*''Lancashire Folklore'' (1867);
*Joseph Lucas, ''Studies in Nidderdale'' (Pateley Bridge, 1882).


{{Spectral Black Dogs}}
{{Fairies}}


[[Category:English ghosts]]
<noinclude>{{start}}</noinclude>
|-
!style="background:#bfd7ff;"|{{Tnavbar-header|[[Black dog (ghost)|Spectral Black dogs]] |Spectral Black Dogs|bgcolor=#bfd7ff}}
|- style="text-align:center;"
|
'''Barguest''' (''[[Yorkshire]]'')&nbsp;•
[[Black Shuck]] (''[[East Anglia]]'') &nbsp;•
[[Church Grim]] (''[[England]]'')&nbsp;•
[[Dip (Catalan myth)|Dip]] (''[[Catalonia]]'')&nbsp;•
[[Gytrash]] (''[[Northern England]]'')&nbsp;•
[[Gwyllgi]] (''[[Wales]]'')&nbsp;<noinclude>
{{end}}
----
{{1911}}
[[Category:English legendary creatures]]
[[Category:English legendary creatures]]
[[Category:English folklore]]
[[Category:Ghost animals]]
[[Category: Northumbrian folklore]]
[[Category:Black dogs (folklore)]]
[[Category:Mythological dogs]]
[[Category:Mythological canines]]
[[Category:Northumbrian folkloric beings]]

[[de:Barghest]]
[[fr:Barghest]]
[[it:Barghest]]
[[lt:Bargestas]]
[[pl:Barghest]]
[[pt:Barghest]]
[[ru:Баргест]]
[[sco:Barghest]]
[[sv:Barghest]]
[[zh:犬魔]]

Latest revision as of 23:32, 3 December 2024

In Northern English folklore, the Barghest or Barguest is a mythical monstrous black dog with large teeth and claws,[1] though in other cases the name can refer to a ghost or household elf, especially in Northumberland and Durham, such as the Cauld Lad of Hylton.

Origin of the name

[edit]

"Ghost" in Northern England was pronounced "guest", and the origin is thought to be of the combination burh-ghest, "town-ghost". Others explain it as cognate to German Berg-geist, "mountain ghost" or Bär-geist, "bear-ghost".[1] Another mooted derivation is Bahr-Geist, German for the "spirit of the funeral bier".[2]

Domain and description

[edit]

In Yorkshire, England, one notable case is said to frequent a remote gorge named Troller's Gill in the Yorkshire Dales. A ballad entitled "The Legend of the Troller's Gill" can be found in William Hone's Everyday Book (1830). It recounts the tale of a man who ventures forth "to the horrid gill of the limestone hill" in order to summon and confront the Barghest in an act of ritual magic. The man's lifeless body is discovered soon afterward with inhuman marks upon his breast.[3] There is also a story of a Barghest entering the city of York occasionally where, according to legend, it preys on lone travellers in the city's narrow Snickelways. Furthermore, the building at number 1 The Shambles is named Barghest.[4] The town of Whitby is also associated with the spectre,[5] and yet another haunted an area of wasteland between Wreghorn and Headingley Hill near Leeds.[2][6]

In Durham, during the 1870s a shapeshifting Barghest was said to live near Darlington and was said to take the form of a headless man (who would vanish in flames), a headless lady, a white cat, a rabbit, a dog, or a black dog. Another was said to live in an "uncanny-looking" dale between Darlington and Houghton near Throstlenest,.[2]

The Barghest often allegedly serves as an omen of death. At the passing of a notable person the Barghest may appear, followed by all the other dogs of the local area in a kind of funeral procession, heralding the person's death with howling and barking. If anyone were to get in the Barghest's way it would strike out with its paw and leave a wound that never heals.[2]

Besides taking the form of a large black dog with fiery eyes, it may also become invisible and walk about with the sound of rattling chains. It may also foretell the death of an individual by laying across the threshold of his or her house, and like the vampire the Barghest is unable to cross rivers.[3][6]

[edit]

Many stories feature ghostly black dogs. Dogs specifically named as barghests appear in the following:

  • The barghest appears in the children's book The Whitby Witches by Robin Jarvis.
  • In Roald Dahl's The Witches, the barghest is described as always being male.
  • Neil Gaiman's short story "Black Dog" features a barghest in the form of a huge black dog which has occult powers.
  • In The Child Thief by Gerald Brom, barghests are distinctly doglike fairy pets of a powerful witch.
  • The 1978 made-for-TV movie Devil Dog: The Hound of Hell features a barghest named Lucky.
  • The Barghest O' Whitby is an EP by doom metal band My Dying Bride.
  • In the video game Kingdoms of Amalur: Reckoning, the barghest is a wolf-like enemy that appears in small packs.
  • In the video game Shin Megami Tensei: Devil Summoner, the Barghest appears as a recruitable demon named Hairy Jack.
  • The barghest is a monster in the tabletop role-playing game Dungeons & Dragons, where it is a shapeshifting fiend that can take the shape of a goblin.[7]
  • The barghest acts as the first boss of the role-playing video game Heartbound, where it is a corrupted dog.
  • The Witcher video game series feature barghests as hostile spectral dogs that hunt travelers in desolate roads at night.
  • The "Black Hound", also known as Jelly Bean, which terrorises Trolberg in Hilda is identified as a barghest in the finale of the first season.[8]
  • In The Lord of the Rings Online, barghests are found in many places as killable enemies. They are often found with wights and other undead creatures in areas such as the Barrow Downs or Imlad Balchorth.
  • A dead barghest which has been 'harvested' appears in the book Cursed by Benedict Jacka.
  • In Daniel O'Malley's The Rook, the barghests were elite combat forces of the Checquy organization.
  • In the mobile game Fate/Grand Order, the player can summon Fae Knight Gawain, who is in truth a Barghest who was given Gawain's name and authority by Morgan. Barghest appears as a Saber-Class and Archer-Class servant.
  • The entity is a central theme in "Great Escapes", a 2004 episode of the British TV detective series Dalziel and Pascoe written by Elizabeth-Anne Wheal.
  • In the Seanan McGuire's October Daye series, barghests are "nasty, semi-canine beasts with horns, fangs, scorpion stingers ... basically everything but wings" that infest the larder of a fae noblewoman.[9]
  • The card game Magic: The Gathering features a card named "Hollowborn Barghest" released in 2008 as part of the Shadowmoor set.[10]
  • In the season 3 episode "Kill Team Kill" of Love, Death & Robots features a cybernetic bear monster referred to as "Project Barghest".
  • Cyberpunk 2077: Phantom Liberty, the 2023 expansion for the video game Cyberpunk 2077, prominently features the new gang "Barghest" as antagonists. Their logo is a large canine's head with its maw wide open.
  • Bayonetta Origins: Cereza and the Lost Demon, the 2023 video game for the Nintendo Switch, prominently features the Revenant Faerie known as "Barghest" as summoned enemies under the will of a Faun, a Fairy Necromancer to attack by its command.
  • Super Auto Pets, a 2021 video game, features the Barghest in the Tier 1 of the Unicorn Pack. At the start of battle, it gives the Spooked ailment onto the backmost perkless enemy.

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b  One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the public domainChisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Barghest". Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 3 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 399. This in turn cites:
    • Wirt Sikes, British Goblins (1880)
    • Notes and Queries, first series, ii. 51.
    • Joseph Ritson, Fairy Tales (Lond. 1831), p. 58; Lancashire Folklore (1867)
    • Joseph Lucas, Studies in Nidderdale (Pateley Bridge, 1882)
  2. ^ a b c d Henderson, William (1879). "Ch. 7". Notes on the folk-lore of the northern counties of England and the borders (2nd ed.). Folk-Lore Society. p. 275.
  3. ^ a b Hone, William (1830). The Every-day Book and Table Book. Vol. 3. pp. 653–655.
  4. ^ "A Little Shambles Shopping Review". The York ME Community.
  5. ^ Shaw, Jeffrey (1923). Whitby Lore and Legend.
  6. ^ a b Briggs, Katharine (1976). An Encyclopedia of Fairies. Pantheon Books. pp. 16–17. ISBN 0394409183.
  7. ^ "Barghest". d20srd.org. Archived from the original on 20 November 2022.
  8. ^ "Five Thoughts on Hilda's "The Black Hound"". Multiversity Comics. 20 December 2018. Archived from the original on 25 February 2019. Retrieved 6 February 2021.
  9. ^ McGuire, Seanan (2011). Late Eclipses. NY: Daw.
  10. ^ "Hollowborn Barghest". gatherer.wizards.com. Archived from the original on 7 July 2021. Retrieved 21 September 2022.