Jump to content

Martha Hart: Difference between revisions

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Browse history interactively
← Previous edit
Content deleted Content added
VisualWikitext
No edit summary
 
(478 intermediate revisions by more than 100 users not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
{{short description|Canadian writer (born 1966)}}
'''Martha Joan Hart''' née Patterson (born [[October 31]], [[1966]]) {{Fact|date=October 2007}} is the widow of the late professional wrestler [[Owen Hart]], who died in [[1999#May|May 1999]].<ref name=sue/>
{{Infobox person
| image = Image of Martha Hart.jpg
| caption = Hart at the International Attachment Conference in New York City, 2019
| name = Martha Hart
| birth_name = Martha Joan Patterson
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|1966|10|31}}
| birth_place = [[Calgary]], [[Alberta]], Canada
| death_date =
| death_place =
| occupation = Philanthropist, researcher
| spouse = {{marriage|[[Owen Hart]]|1989|1999|reason=[[Over the Edge (1999)#Owen Hart accident|died]]}}
| children = 2
| family = [[Hart wrestling family|Hart]]
| education = [[Psychology]] and [[sociology]]
| alma_mater = [[University of Calgary]] (B.A.)<br />[[University of Cambridge]] (M.A., PhD)
| signature =
| website =
}}

'''Martha Joan Hart''' (née '''Patterson'''; born October 31, 1966) is a Canadian [[Philanthropy|philanthropist]] and [[research]]er who is the widow of professional wrestler [[Owen Hart]].<ref name=sue/> After her husband's death in an accident at [[Over the Edge (1999)|Over the Edge]], Hart sued the [[World Wrestling Federation]] (now, WWE). She later wrote a bestselling book about her husband's life and founded a charity in his name. She has subsequently been involved in several legal cases involving her husband's image and has worked as a [[philanthropist]] and researcher.

==Personal life==
==Personal life==
Hart was born Martha Joan Patterson on October 31, 1966, the youngest of eleven children. Her mother, Joan, battled breast cancer before Martha and her sister Virginia were born; her father left her mother when Martha was young. She completed two degrees at the University of Calgary in Psychology (with distinction) and Sociology (1st-class honours) before moving to England to complete a master's degree and a PhD in Social and Development Psychology at Cambridge University. She has since worked as a university researcher in the area of pediatrics.
She met Owen in [[1982]] when she and a friend went to one of his fathers wrestling events. She has stated stated that she and Owen knew that it was love at first sight and their relationship was a dream come true. They married on [[July 1]] [[1989]]. She and Owen had 2 children: Oje Edward Hart (born [[March 5]] [[1992]]) and Athena Christie Hart (born [[September 23]] [[1995]]). She was seen at [[SummerSlam (1994)|SummerSlam 1994]], with her son Oje, sitting behind Stu and Helen Hart. She also attended the [[1996]] and [[1997]] Slammy Awards with Owen, and was at the WWF Canadian Stampede in 1997 with the rest of the [[Hart wrestling family|Hart family]]. In [[2007]] it was stated that she was living in [[Cambridge, England]] with her daughter, Athena to finish her study for get a [[Masters Degree]], for [[Psycology]], while her son Oje stayed in [[Canada]]. In her sister in-law's book it states that Martha is [[Jewish]], but does not like to state that fact. <!--do not add that Martha had an affair unless you provide a source to back up your assertions. It is a violation of Wikipedia's [[WP:BLP]] policy and you can get blocked from editing for repeatedly violating it.-->


In 1982, she met her husband [[Owen Hart]] at the age of 15, while they were both still in high school. She attended a [[Stampede Wrestling]] event with a friend, and met Owen after recognizing him as one of the wrestlers who attended her school for a wrestling practice. They married on July 1, 1989, and had two children together: Oje Edward Hart and Athena Christie Hart.<ref>{{cite news |title=CNN - Wrestler Owen Hart killed in fall during stunt - May 24, 1999 |url=http://edition.cnn.com/US/9905/24/wrestler.dies.04/ |access-date=February 14, 2020 |work=edition.cnn.com |date=May 24, 1999}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=WWF WRESTLER FALLS TO HIS DEATH IN ERRANT TV STUNT |url=http://www.chicagotribune.com/news/ct-xpm-1999-05-24-9905240164-story,amp.html |access-date=February 14, 2020 |work=chicagotribune.com |date=May 24, 1999}}</ref> Owen [[Owen Hart#Death|died]] while performing a stunt on May 23, 1999, at the [[World Wrestling Federation]] (WWF)'s [[Over the Edge (1999)|Over the Edge]] pay-per-view. As a result of the charitable contributions achieved through the Owen Hart Foundation, Martha was named Individual Philanthropist of the Year in 2004 by the AFP. She was Calgary's 2011 Champions of Learning.{{Citation needed|date=March 2015}} Hart was named the 2017 Goodwill Ambassador for the [[Monaco International Film Festival]].<ref>{{cite web|publisher=Monacofilmfest.com|title=Angel Film Awards 2017 and 2018 Goodwill Ambassador DR. MARTHA HART |access-date=2017-11-12|url=http://monacofilmfest.com/2017program/jury/martha_hart.php|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171112201150/http://monacofilmfest.com/2017program/jury/martha_hart.php|archive-date=2017-11-12}}</ref> Hart has had a long-standing relationship with this non-profit international special interest film festival and is also the [[Monaco International Film Festival]]'s Vice President of the Angel Film Awards.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.monacofilmfest.com/general_info.htm|title=Monaco International Film Festival General Info|access-date=Apr 6, 2020}}</ref> In her spare time, she writes a popular movie blog, titled, "Movie Meanings – Main Messages" about how to find the meaning of life through the movies we watch.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Interview with Dr. Martha Hart: Wrestling Observer Radio [FREE]|url=https://rvwab.com/videos/watch/DVBtrAWydic|access-date=2021-07-13|website=Rvwab|language=en}}</ref>
==Book==
In 2002, she wrote a book entitled ''[[Broken Harts: The Life and Death of Owen Hart]]'', which is about their life together from when they met, and the life they created for their 2 children.


==Professional career==
==Lawsuits==
===Research===
Martha Hart settled her wrongful death lawsuit against the [[World Wrestling Entertainment|World Wrestling Federation]] for approximately $18 million.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://slam.canoe.ca/OwenHart/nov9_hart-ap.html | title = Legal victory bittersweet: Martha Hart | author = AP-Reuters | accessdate=2007-04-07| publisher = Slam! Wrestling |date=November 9, 2000}}</ref> She used the funds to establish the Owen Hart Foundation.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://slam.canoe.ca/OwenHart/mar14_martha-sun.html | title = Martha Hart forges ahead with Owen Hart Foundation | accessdate = 2007-04-07|author = Chris Gerritsen}}</ref> She has managed the foundation since 1999.<ref name=sue/> Some of the money also went into trust funds for her children.<ref name=lawsuit>{{cite web | url = http://slam.canoe.ca/OwenHart/nov8_hart-sun.html | title = Hart family feud: With WWF suit settled, dead wrestler's [[widow]] lashes out at in-laws | author = Eric Francis | publisher = Calgary Sun | accessdate=2007-06-18 |date=November 8, 2000}}</ref> After the lawsuit, Martha separated herself from the majority of the Hart family.<ref name=lawsuit/> She cites [[Bret Hart|Bret]], [[Keith Hart (wrestler)|Keith]], [[Stu Hart|Stu]], and Helen Hart as the only Hart family members who sided with her during the battle.<ref name=lawsuit/> She criticised those family members who continued to work for the WWF.<ref name=lawsuit/>
Hart is a researcher at the University of Calgary/Alberta Children's Hospital. Her present research includes co-creating and pilot testing the Attachment and Child Health (ATTACH) Intervention, which explores links between parental reflective function (RF) and parent/child attachment led by [[Nicole Letourneau]].<ref>{{Cite web | url=http://childstudies.ca/node/73 | title=Martha Hart &#124; Child Studies }}</ref> Hart presented findings on the program at a number International Attachment Related Conferences in New York, London, Miami, Prague; and in Vancouver.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://internationalattachmentconference.com/|title=International Attachment Conference 2019 – Vancouver, Canada|language=en-US|access-date=2019-03-05}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://internationalattachmentconference.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/2019-IAC-Full-Conference-Program.pdf|title=International Attachment Conference 2019 Program PDF|website=International Attachment Conference|access-date=July 22, 2019}}</ref> The ATTACH Program is funded by Harvard University's Centre for the Developing Child as one of their Frontiers of Innovation projects.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://developingchild.harvard.edu/resources/current-frontiers-innovation-portfolio-projects/|title=Current Frontiers of Innovation Portfolio Projects|website=Center on the Developing Child at Harvard University|language=en-US|access-date=2019-03-05}}</ref> In 2019, Hart and Nicole Letourneau launched their ATTACH™ Program online.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://attach.teachable.com/|title=ATTACH Program Website|access-date=July 22, 2019}}</ref>


Hart completed two degrees at the University of Calgary before moving to England to join the Centre for Family Research at the University of Cambridge where she completed her master's degree and Ph.D. programs in Social & Developmental Psychology under supervisor Claire Hughes.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.cfr.cam.ac.uk/groups/esd|title=Social and Cognitive Development and the Family|last=Administrator|date=2013-08-14|website=www.cfr.cam.ac.uk|language=en|access-date=2019-03-18}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=t0c4DwAAQBAJ&q=why+siblings+matter+martha+hart+claire+hughes+both&pg=PT7|title=Why siblings matter: The role of brother and sister relationships in development and well-being.|last1=White|first1=Naomi|last2=Hughes|first2=Claire|publisher=Routledge|year=2017|isbn=9781315630489}}</ref> Hart worked as a researcher at the University of Cambridge with Ruth Gaunt for several years researching the division of labor in the family and parents’ child care choices before joining the team at the University of Calgary.
There is real-life tension between Martha and her sister-in-law [[Diana Hart|Diana Hart-Smith]].<ref name=sue>{{cite web | url = http://slam.canoe.ca/SlamWrestlingHarts/nov20_lawsuit-can.html | title = Martha Hart sues Diana over book | author = Greg Oliver | publisher = SLAM! Wrestling | accessdate=2007-06-18 |date=November 20, 2001}}</ref> Martha sued Diana for 19 million dollars and claims that Diana's book, ''[[Under the Mat: Inside Wrestling's Greatest Family]]'', is both slanderous and libelous, and had it removed from markets, and everywhere books are sold.<ref name=sue/>


Hart's past research also consisted of working on a University of Cambridge-based longitudinal project investigating the early origins of children's problem behaviour/self-esteem within a diverse sample, and how social correlates predicts such characteristics, while focusing on children's friendship/sibling/teacher relationships, as well as mother's parenting style and mental states (e.g. self-esteem, depression) and the impact on children's social (problem) behaviour and mental states (e.g. self-esteem) and prosocial behaviour in single/non-single mother households.<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Ensor|first1=Rosie|last2=Roman|first2=Gabriela|last3=Hart|first3=Martha J.|last4=Hughes|first4=Claire|date=2012|title=Mothers' Depressive Symptoms and Low Mother–Toddler Mutuality Both Predict Children's Maladjustment|journal=Infant and Child Development|language=en|volume=21|issue=1|pages=52–66|doi=10.1002/icd.762|issn=1522-7219}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Hughes|first1=Claire|last2=Roman|first2=Gabriela|last3=Hart|first3=Martha J.|last4=Ensor|first4=Rosie|date=2013|title=Does maternal depression predict young children's executive function? – a 4-year longitudinal study|journal=Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry|language=en|volume=54|issue=2|pages=169–177|doi=10.1111/jcpp.12014|pmid=23171379|issn=1469-7610}}</ref>
[[Image:martha_lawsuit.jpg]]


She has published various peer-reviewed papers, including a top cited article in the 2020–2021 Infant Mental Health Journal on the effect of parental reflective function<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Letourneau |first1=Nicole |last2=Anis |first2=Lubna |last3=Ntanda |first3=Henry |last4=Novick |first4=Jason |last5=Steele |first5=Miriam |last6=Steele |first6=Howard |last7=Hart |first7=Martha |date=2020-06-13 |title=Attachment & Child Health (ATTACH) pilot trials: Effect of parental reflective function intervention for families affected by toxic stress |url=https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/imhj.21833 |journal=Infant Mental Health Journal |volume=41 |issue=4 |pages=445–462 |doi=10.1002/imhj.21833 |pmid=32533796 |s2cid=219621637 |issn=0163-9641}}</ref> and has co-edited Development and Adaptation: Seminal Papers on the [[Dynamic-Maturational Model of Attachment and Adaptation]], published by Waterside Press, and she has also co-authored with another book in publication titled Parenting and Child Development.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Parenting and Child Development Book|id={{ASIN|1909976784|country=ca}}}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.researchgate.net/scientific-contributions/2003590774_Martha_J_Hart |title=Martha J. Hart's research |website=[[ResearchGate]]}}</ref>
== Owen Hart Foundation ==
In December of [[2000]], she announced the opening of the Owen Hart Foundation which is a Foundation/Charity to help children get College Scholarships, that have special needs. Every May she hosts a Charity Foundation with a guest star, in recent years, guest stars have included [[Howie Mandel]], and [[Bill Cosby]].


Hart was trained to administer the PDI at Yale University and the AAI by Howard Steele<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.newschool.edu/public-engagement/ba-psychology-faculty/?id=4d6a-4134-4d44-6b32|title=Howard Steele – Professor and Co-Chair of Psychology – Public Engagement|website=www.newschool.edu|access-date=2019-03-12}}</ref> and Miriam Steele<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.newschool.edu/public-engagement/ba-psychology-faculty/?id=4d6a-5130-4d7a-6779|title=Miriam Steele – Professor of Psychology and Co-Director of Center for Attachment – Public Engagement|website=www.newschool.edu|access-date=2019-03-12}}</ref> at the New School University New York, as well as Erik Hesse and Mary Main at Berkeley University.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://attachment-training.com/training/|title=TRAINING {{!}} Attachment Training|language=en-US|access-date=2019-07-22}}</ref> Hart is also trained by Howard Steele in RF (PDI), and in Reflective Family Play by Dianne Philip – at The Hincks-Dellcrest Centre Toronto.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.psychiatry.utoronto.ca/faculty/dr-diane-philipp|title=Department of Psychiatry|website=www.psychiatry.utoronto.ca|access-date=2019-03-12}}</ref> In addition, Hart trained with Alan Sroufe,<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://attachment-training.com/about-us/|title=about us {{!}} Attachment Training|language=en-US|access-date=2019-03-12}}</ref> and Elizabeth Carlson at the University of Minnesota, and Marinus van IJzendoorn at Cambridge University in the ABCD model of attachment, William Whelan<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://attachmentclinic.org/about/|title=About|date=2016-10-21|website=Virginia Child & Family Attachment Center|language=en|access-date=2019-03-12}}</ref> in the MAC attachment measure at University of Virginia, as well as [[Patricia McKinsey Crittenden|Patricia Crittenden]] in the DMM;<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.patcrittenden.com/include/courses.htm|title=Courses & calendar: developmental sequence of assessments of attachment & self-protective strategy|website=www.patcrittenden.com|access-date=2019-03-12}}</ref> she is a certified reliable coder in various attachment measures, RF measures, as well as a number of other parent/child interaction measures. She is also trained and certified in Suicide Prevention.
==Notes==

{{Reflist}}
Hart is also a past recipient of the University of Calgary's Eyes High Post-Doctoral Award.{{cn|date=August 2023}}

===Owen Hart Foundation===
[[File:Owen Hart Foundation.png|thumb|Owen Hart Foundation logo]]
In December 2000,<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.owenhartfoundation.org/about.html | title=About The Owen Hart Foundation}}</ref><!---Earlier in the article it says she started it in 1999---> she announced the opening of the Owen Hart Foundation, a [[Calgary]]-based charity that provides university/college scholarships for children in need, as well as housing for low income families. The Owen Hart Foundation also supports a number of other worthwhile charities in the Calgary community and provides "scholarships, housing and various forms of assistance to at-risk communities around the world, including doing food drives, backpack giveaways and Christmas projects".<ref name="Currier"/>

Every year, as a tribute to Owen Hart, Martha hosts a high-profile fundraising event for the Owen Hart Foundation. The 2000–2003 charity events were in support of YouVille Women's Residence, a shelter for abused women. Starting in 2004, the charity events have included a guest star; guest stars have included, [[Bob Newhart]], 2004; [[Paul Anka]], 2005; [[Neil Sedaka]], 2006; [[Bill Cosby]], 2007; [[Howie Mandel]], 2008; [[Jerry Seinfeld]], 2009–10th Anniversary; [[Ringo Starr]] and his All Starr Band, 2010; [[Russell Brand]], 2011; [[Robin Williams]] (with special guest [[David Steinberg]]), 2012; [[Steve Martin]] and [[Martin Short]], 2013; [[Dane Cook]], 2014–15th Anniversary. [[Seth Meyers]] performed on October 2 for the 2015 event.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.owenhartfoundation.org/index.html | title=The Owen Hart Foundation}}</ref> [[Elvis Costello]] performed on December 10, 2016, for the 17th anniversary of the OHF. In 2017, for Canada's 150th birthday, The Owen Hart Foundation wanted to honor a Canadian artist and therefore featured [[Sarah McLachlan]] on December 1, 2017, to mark their 18th anniversary. Famed actor and SNL superstar [[Alec Baldwin]] performed for the OHF's 19th anniversary annual event on November 30, 2018. In 2020, comedian [[Jerry Seinfeld]] made his return again as the headliner to commemorate the OHF's 20th Anniversary. In 2021, OHF hosted a sold-out performance featuring the Canadian Comedian, [[Russell Peters]].

Hart has stated that she started the Owen Hart Foundation to create a meaningful legacy for Owen and because she knew he would be happy that she was helping people in his name, especially in the area of education which was very important to both of them.{{Citation needed|date=March 2015}}

In September 2021, the Owen Hart Foundation announced a partnership with [[All Elite Wrestling]] (AEW) to honour Owen Hart's legacy. The partnership will entail AEW hosting an annual tournament called the "[[Owen Hart Cup]]" along with the production of Owen Hart-branded merchandise include action figures, apparel, posters, and an appearance in a console video game being developed by AEW.<ref name="Currier">{{cite web | url=https://www.si.com/wrestling/2021/09/20/aew-owen-hart-foundation-tournament | title=AEW partners with Owen Hart's family to celebrate his legacy |first=Joseph |last=Currie |access-date=September 24, 2021 |date=September 20, 2021 |work=[[Sports Illustrated]]}}</ref> At [[Double or Nothing (2022)|Double or Nothing]] in May 2022, Martha Hart appeared at the event to congratulate the Owen Hart Cup's inaugural male and female winners, [[Adam Cole]] and [[Dr. Britt Baker]];<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.cnet.com/culture/entertainment/aew-double-or-nothing-2022-results-cm-punk-wins-full-recap-and-analysis/|title=AEW Double or Nothing 2022: Results, CM Punk Wins, Full Recap and Analysis|first=Daniel|last=Van Boom|publisher=CNET|date=May 29, 2022|accessdate=May 30, 2022}}</ref> Martha and her children previously were shown on the May 11, 2022 episode of ''[[AEW Dynamite]]'', but did not have a live television appearance.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.f4wonline.com/news/aew/martha-hart-family-attend-aew-dynamite|title=Dr. Martha Hart & family attend AEW Dynamite|first=Bryan|last=Rose|publisher=Figure Four Online|date=May 11, 2022|accessdate=May 30, 2022}}</ref>

===Book===
In 2002, Martha Hart started writing a book titled ''Broken Harts: The Life and Death of Owen Hart'' that was released in 2004, which is about their life together from when they met as teens and the life they created for their two children. Her book was a #1 Best Seller in Canada, and is now published in several countries including the United States and the United Kingdom, with all of her proceeds allocated to charity.{{Citation needed|date=March 2015}}

==Lawsuits and disputes==
===Owen Hart's death===
Three weeks after Owen's death, Hart launched a wrongful death lawsuit against the WWF by the help of aviation lawyer Gary C. Robb; she included her children and [[Hart wrestling family|Owen's parents]] on the lawsuit, which was settled out of court for approximately $18 million on November 2, 2000.<ref>{{Cite web |title=British company pays WWE $9M to settle Owen Hart case |url=https://www.bizjournals.com/kansascity/stories/2003/10/27/daily6.html |access-date=2022-10-12 |website=www.bizjournals.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite web| url = http://slam.canoe.ca/OwenHart/nov9_hart-ap.html | title = Legal victory bittersweet: Martha Hart | author = AP-Reuters | access-date=2007-04-07| publisher = Slam! Wrestling |date=November 9, 2000 | url-status = usurped |archive-url=https://archive.today/20030425211437/http://slam.canoe.ca/OwenHart/nov9_hart-ap.html |archive-date=2003-04-25}}</ref> She set aside millions of the settlement to establish the Owen Hart Foundation.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.canoe.ca/OwenHart/nov8_hart-sun.html|archive-url=https://archive.today/20180130224155/http://www.canoe.ca/OwenHart/nov8_hart-sun.html|url-status=usurped|archive-date=January 30, 2018|title=Hart family feud With WWF suit settled, dead wrestler's widow lashes out at in-laws}}</ref> She has managed the foundation since 1999.<ref name=sue/> She gave $2 million to Owen Hart's parents.<ref name=lawsuit>{{cite web | url = http://www.canoe.ca/OwenHart/nov8_hart-sun.html | archive-url = https://archive.today/20180130224155/http://www.canoe.ca/OwenHart/nov8_hart-sun.html | url-status = usurped | archive-date = January 30, 2018 | title = Hart family feud: With WWF suit settled, dead wrestler's widow lashes out at in-laws | author = Eric Francis | publisher = Calgary Sun | access-date=2007-06-18 |date=November 8, 2000}}</ref> After the lawsuit, Martha separated herself from the majority of the Hart family.<ref name=lawsuit/> She criticized those family members who worked against her with the WWF.<ref name=lawsuit/> In the end she remained friends with only [[Keith Hart (wrestler)|Keith]], [[Wayne Hart (wrestling)|Wayne]] and [[Bret Hart]] out of Owen's ten living siblings.<ref>{{Cite web |url-status=dead |url=https://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/national/wrestler-widow-wwf-settle/article4168593/ |archiveurl=https://archive.today/20180130223744/https://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/national/wrestler-widow-wwf-settle/article4168593/|title=Wrestler widow, WWF settle|first=Dawn|last=Walton|date=November 9, 2000|archive-date=2018-01-30 |via=www.theglobeandmail.com}}</ref>

===Diana Hart's ''Under the Mat''===
{{Main|Under the Mat}}
There is real-life tension between Martha and her sister-in-law [[Diana Hart|Diana Hart-Smith]].<ref name=sue>{{cite web | url = http://slam.canoe.ca/SlamWrestlingHarts/nov20_lawsuit-can.html | archive-url = https://archive.today/20120715175956/http://slam.canoe.ca/SlamWrestlingHarts/nov20_lawsuit-can.html | url-status = usurped | archive-date = July 15, 2012 | title = Martha Hart sues Diana over book | author = Greg Oliver | publisher = SLAM! Wrestling | access-date=2007-06-18 |date=November 20, 2001}}</ref> Martha sued Diana and claims that Diana's book, ''[[Under the Mat: Inside Wrestling's Greatest Family]]'', is both slanderous and libelous, and had it removed from markets everywhere; Martha was issued a public apology by the publishers, who were also required to give an undisclosed amount as a donation to the Owen Hart Foundation as stated in the settlement agreement.<ref>{{cite web|url= https://vancouversun.com/mobile/story.html?id=11602569|title= Diana Hart, youngest daughter of Calgary's iconic wrestling clan, finds romance in the ring with Cauliflower Heart trilogy |access-date=December 21, 2015|publisher= The Vancouver Sun}}</ref>

===Hart family DVD===
On June 22, 2010, Martha filed another lawsuit against Vince and Linda McMahon, this time for wrongfully using Owen's name and likeness in numerous DVDs under the WWE name, as well as for deceptive business practices, and not paying royalty payments to Owen's estate and his children.{{Citation needed|date=March 2015}} On April 4, 2012, Judge Underhill agreed that Martha's claims against the WWE should go forward regarding the use of family/personal photos without her permission – copyright infringement, as well as breach of contract for not paying royalties from money made (and kept) by the WWE from merchandise sold with Owen's likeness since his death in 1999. In April 2013, the lawsuit was settled.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.inquisitr.com/602812/wwe-lawsuit-over-owen-harts-image-gets-settled/ |title=WWE Lawsuit over Owen Hart's image gets settled|publisher=The Inquisitr}}</ref>

===Nancy Grace===
On April 9, 2014, Nancy Grace of CNN/HLN ran a show on the death of [[The Ultimate Warrior]]; the segment focused on wrestlers who had died of drug abuse. During the discussion, a list of wrestlers who died 'young' scrolled up in the background, which included Owen Hart's name. Martha Hart wrote to CNN/HLN about the implication, which resulted in Nancy Grace delivering an on-air retraction/apology on April 14, 2014, about the mistake relating specifically to Owen Hart.{{Citation needed|date=March 2015}}


==References==
==References==
{{Reflist}}
===Books===
* {{cite book | last=Hart | first=Martha | title=Broken Harts: The Life and Death of Owen Hart| publisher=M. Evans and Company, Inc. | year=2004 | isbn = 978-1590770368}}
* {{cite book | author = Shaun Assael and Mike Mooneyham | title = Sex, Lies, and Headlocks: The Real Story of Vince McMahon and World Wrestling Entertainment | publisher = Crown |date=2002 | pages = 258 | isbn = 1400051436}}
* {{cite book | author = Diana Hart | title = Under the Mat: Inside Wrestling's Greatest Family | publisher = Fenn |date=2001 | pages = 200 | isbn = 1551682567}}


===Articles===
==Further reading==
; Book
* {{cite web | url = http://slam.canoe.ca/OwenHart/nov8_hart-sun.html | title = Hart family feud: With WWF suit settled, dead wrestler's widow lashes out at in-laws | author = Eric Francis | publisher = Calgary Sun | accessdate=2007-06-18 |date=November 8, 2000}}
* {{cite web | url = http://slam.canoe.ca/OwenHart/jan9_moviedeal-sun.html | title = Owen Hart's tragic tale to hit big screen | author = Michelle Mark | publisher = Calgary Sun | accessdate=2007-06-18 |date=January 9, 2002}}
* {{cite book | author = [[Shaun Assael]] and Mike Mooneyham | title = Sex, Lies, and Headlocks: The Real Story of Vince McMahon and World Wrestling Entertainment | publisher = Crown |year=2002 | page = 258 | isbn = 1-4000-5143-6}}
* {{cite book | author = Diana Hart | title = Under the Mat: Inside Wrestling's Greatest Family | publisher = Fenn |year=2001 | page = 200 | isbn = 1-55168-256-7}}
* {{cite web| url = http://slam.canoe.ca/OwenHart/nov9_hart-ap.html | title = Legal victory bittersweet: Martha Hart | author = AP-Reuters | accessdate=2007-04-07| publisher = Slam! Wrestling |date=November 9, 2000}}
* {{Cite book|author= Walters, Reece|title= Owen Hart-Life and Death of a Wrestling Star|publisher= Amazon Digital Services|year=2013|pages=24pp |asin=B00EIH2VHQ}}
* {{cite web | url = http://slam.canoe.ca/SlamWrestlingHarts/nov20_lawsuit-can.html | title = Martha Hart sues Diana over book | author = Greg Oliver | publisher = SLAM! Wrestling | accessdate=2007-06-18 |date=November 20, 2001}}
* {{Cite book|author= Hart, Bruce|title= Straight from the Hart|url= https://books.google.com/books?id=jHKf2e9lin4C&q=hart+foundation&pg=PT249 |publisher=[[ECW Press]]|year=2011|pages=272pp |isbn=978-1-55022-939-4}}
* {{Cite book|title=Hart Strings: My life with Bret and the Hart Family|author=Hart, Julie|publisher=Tightrope Books|year=2013|isbn=978-1926639635}}
* {{Cite book|title=Pure Dynamite: The Price you Pay for Wrestling Stardom|author1=Billington, Tom|author2=Coleman, Alison|publisher= Winding Stair Press|year=2001|isbn=1-55366-084-6}}


; Article
===Radio===
* {{cite web | url = http://archives.cbc.ca/IDCC-1-41-1237-6904/sports/prowrestling/ | title = WEST - Martha Hart's 'day of reckoning (Archived radio Broadcast)|author=This Morning | publisher = CBC |accessdate=2007-06-18 |date=November 20, 2000}}
* {{cite web | url = http://www.canoe.ca/OwenHart/nov8_hart-sun.html | archive-url = https://archive.today/20180130224155/http://www.canoe.ca/OwenHart/nov8_hart-sun.html | url-status = usurped | archive-date = January 30, 2018 | title = Hart family feud: With WWF suit settled, dead wrestler's widow lashes out at in-laws | author = Eric Francis | publisher = Calgary Sun | access-date=2007-06-18 |date=November 8, 2000}}
* {{cite web | url = http://slam.canoe.ca/OwenHart/jan9_moviedeal-sun.html | archive-url = https://archive.today/20130115120514/http://slam.canoe.ca/OwenHart/jan9_moviedeal-sun.html | url-status = usurped | archive-date = January 15, 2013 | title = Owen Hart's tragic tale to hit big screen | author = Michelle Mark | publisher = Calgary Sun | access-date=2007-06-18 |date=January 9, 2002}}
* {{cite web| url = http://slam.canoe.ca/OwenHart/nov9_hart-ap.html | title = Legal victory bittersweet: Martha Hart | author = AP-Reuters | access-date=2007-04-07| publisher = Slam! Wrestling |date=November 9, 2000 | url-status = usurped |archive-url=https://archive.today/20030425211437/http://slam.canoe.ca/OwenHart/nov9_hart-ap.html |archive-date=2003-04-25}}
* {{cite web | url = http://slam.canoe.ca/SlamWrestlingHarts/nov20_lawsuit-can.html | archive-url = https://archive.today/20120715175956/http://slam.canoe.ca/SlamWrestlingHarts/nov20_lawsuit-can.html | url-status = usurped | archive-date = July 15, 2012 | title = Martha Hart sues Diana over book | author = Greg Oliver | publisher = SLAM! Wrestling | access-date=2007-06-18 |date=November 20, 2001}}

; Radio
* {{cite web | url = http://archives.cbc.ca/sports/wrestling/topics/1237-6904/ | title = WEST – Martha Hart's 'day of reckoning (Archived radio Broadcast)|author=This Morning | publisher = CBC |access-date=2007-06-18 |date=November 20, 2000}}


==External links==
==External links==
* [http://www.owenhartfoundation.org/assets/drmarthahartbiography.pdf Martha Hart Biography]
{{Portal|Professional wrestling|break=yes}}
* {{imdb name|id=1071646|name=Martha Hart}}
* {{IMDb name|id=1071646|name=Martha Hart}}
* [http://www.owenhartfoundation.org/index.html Owen Hart Foundation official website]
* [http://wrestlingnewscenter.blogspot.com/2009/02/owen-harts-widow-chooses-positive-path.html Martha Hart Interview]
* [http://conted.ucalgary.ca/championsoflearning/ Champions Of Learning]


{{HartFamily}}
{{Hart family}}
{{Owen Hart}}
{{Authority control}}


{{DEFAULTSORT:Hart, Martha}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Hart, Martha}}

[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:1966 births]]
[[Category:1966 births]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Canadian non-fiction writers]]
[[Category:Canadian non-fiction writers]]
[[Category:Canadian philanthropists]]
[[Category:Canadian women non-fiction writers]]
[[Category:Hart wrestling family members]]
[[Category:Writers from Calgary]]

Latest revision as of 06:50, 2 December 2024

Martha Hart
Hart at the International Attachment Conference in New York City, 2019
Born
Martha Joan Patterson

(1966-10-31) October 31, 1966 (age 58)
Calgary, Alberta, Canada
EducationPsychology and sociology
Alma materUniversity of Calgary (B.A.)
University of Cambridge (M.A., PhD)
Occupation(s)Philanthropist, researcher
Spouse
​
​
(m. 1989; died 1999)​
Children2
FamilyHart

Martha Joan Hart (née Patterson; born October 31, 1966) is a Canadian philanthropist and researcher who is the widow of professional wrestler Owen Hart.[1] After her husband's death in an accident at Over the Edge, Hart sued the World Wrestling Federation (now, WWE). She later wrote a bestselling book about her husband's life and founded a charity in his name. She has subsequently been involved in several legal cases involving her husband's image and has worked as a philanthropist and researcher.

Personal life

[edit]

Hart was born Martha Joan Patterson on October 31, 1966, the youngest of eleven children. Her mother, Joan, battled breast cancer before Martha and her sister Virginia were born; her father left her mother when Martha was young. She completed two degrees at the University of Calgary in Psychology (with distinction) and Sociology (1st-class honours) before moving to England to complete a master's degree and a PhD in Social and Development Psychology at Cambridge University. She has since worked as a university researcher in the area of pediatrics.

In 1982, she met her husband Owen Hart at the age of 15, while they were both still in high school. She attended a Stampede Wrestling event with a friend, and met Owen after recognizing him as one of the wrestlers who attended her school for a wrestling practice. They married on July 1, 1989, and had two children together: Oje Edward Hart and Athena Christie Hart.[2][3] Owen died while performing a stunt on May 23, 1999, at the World Wrestling Federation (WWF)'s Over the Edge pay-per-view. As a result of the charitable contributions achieved through the Owen Hart Foundation, Martha was named Individual Philanthropist of the Year in 2004 by the AFP. She was Calgary's 2011 Champions of Learning.[citation needed] Hart was named the 2017 Goodwill Ambassador for the Monaco International Film Festival.[4] Hart has had a long-standing relationship with this non-profit international special interest film festival and is also the Monaco International Film Festival's Vice President of the Angel Film Awards.[5] In her spare time, she writes a popular movie blog, titled, "Movie Meanings – Main Messages" about how to find the meaning of life through the movies we watch.[6]

Professional career

[edit]

Research

[edit]

Hart is a researcher at the University of Calgary/Alberta Children's Hospital. Her present research includes co-creating and pilot testing the Attachment and Child Health (ATTACH) Intervention, which explores links between parental reflective function (RF) and parent/child attachment led by Nicole Letourneau.[7] Hart presented findings on the program at a number International Attachment Related Conferences in New York, London, Miami, Prague; and in Vancouver.[8][9] The ATTACH Program is funded by Harvard University's Centre for the Developing Child as one of their Frontiers of Innovation projects.[10] In 2019, Hart and Nicole Letourneau launched their ATTACH™ Program online.[11]

Hart completed two degrees at the University of Calgary before moving to England to join the Centre for Family Research at the University of Cambridge where she completed her master's degree and Ph.D. programs in Social & Developmental Psychology under supervisor Claire Hughes.[12][13] Hart worked as a researcher at the University of Cambridge with Ruth Gaunt for several years researching the division of labor in the family and parents’ child care choices before joining the team at the University of Calgary.

Hart's past research also consisted of working on a University of Cambridge-based longitudinal project investigating the early origins of children's problem behaviour/self-esteem within a diverse sample, and how social correlates predicts such characteristics, while focusing on children's friendship/sibling/teacher relationships, as well as mother's parenting style and mental states (e.g. self-esteem, depression) and the impact on children's social (problem) behaviour and mental states (e.g. self-esteem) and prosocial behaviour in single/non-single mother households.[14][15]

She has published various peer-reviewed papers, including a top cited article in the 2020–2021 Infant Mental Health Journal on the effect of parental reflective function[16] and has co-edited Development and Adaptation: Seminal Papers on the Dynamic-Maturational Model of Attachment and Adaptation, published by Waterside Press, and she has also co-authored with another book in publication titled Parenting and Child Development.[17][18]

Hart was trained to administer the PDI at Yale University and the AAI by Howard Steele[19] and Miriam Steele[20] at the New School University New York, as well as Erik Hesse and Mary Main at Berkeley University.[21] Hart is also trained by Howard Steele in RF (PDI), and in Reflective Family Play by Dianne Philip – at The Hincks-Dellcrest Centre Toronto.[22] In addition, Hart trained with Alan Sroufe,[23] and Elizabeth Carlson at the University of Minnesota, and Marinus van IJzendoorn at Cambridge University in the ABCD model of attachment, William Whelan[24] in the MAC attachment measure at University of Virginia, as well as Patricia Crittenden in the DMM;[25] she is a certified reliable coder in various attachment measures, RF measures, as well as a number of other parent/child interaction measures. She is also trained and certified in Suicide Prevention.

Hart is also a past recipient of the University of Calgary's Eyes High Post-Doctoral Award.[citation needed]

Owen Hart Foundation

[edit]
Owen Hart Foundation logo

In December 2000,[26] she announced the opening of the Owen Hart Foundation, a Calgary-based charity that provides university/college scholarships for children in need, as well as housing for low income families. The Owen Hart Foundation also supports a number of other worthwhile charities in the Calgary community and provides "scholarships, housing and various forms of assistance to at-risk communities around the world, including doing food drives, backpack giveaways and Christmas projects".[27]

Every year, as a tribute to Owen Hart, Martha hosts a high-profile fundraising event for the Owen Hart Foundation. The 2000–2003 charity events were in support of YouVille Women's Residence, a shelter for abused women. Starting in 2004, the charity events have included a guest star; guest stars have included, Bob Newhart, 2004; Paul Anka, 2005; Neil Sedaka, 2006; Bill Cosby, 2007; Howie Mandel, 2008; Jerry Seinfeld, 2009–10th Anniversary; Ringo Starr and his All Starr Band, 2010; Russell Brand, 2011; Robin Williams (with special guest David Steinberg), 2012; Steve Martin and Martin Short, 2013; Dane Cook, 2014–15th Anniversary. Seth Meyers performed on October 2 for the 2015 event.[28] Elvis Costello performed on December 10, 2016, for the 17th anniversary of the OHF. In 2017, for Canada's 150th birthday, The Owen Hart Foundation wanted to honor a Canadian artist and therefore featured Sarah McLachlan on December 1, 2017, to mark their 18th anniversary. Famed actor and SNL superstar Alec Baldwin performed for the OHF's 19th anniversary annual event on November 30, 2018. In 2020, comedian Jerry Seinfeld made his return again as the headliner to commemorate the OHF's 20th Anniversary. In 2021, OHF hosted a sold-out performance featuring the Canadian Comedian, Russell Peters.

Hart has stated that she started the Owen Hart Foundation to create a meaningful legacy for Owen and because she knew he would be happy that she was helping people in his name, especially in the area of education which was very important to both of them.[citation needed]

In September 2021, the Owen Hart Foundation announced a partnership with All Elite Wrestling (AEW) to honour Owen Hart's legacy. The partnership will entail AEW hosting an annual tournament called the "Owen Hart Cup" along with the production of Owen Hart-branded merchandise include action figures, apparel, posters, and an appearance in a console video game being developed by AEW.[27] At Double or Nothing in May 2022, Martha Hart appeared at the event to congratulate the Owen Hart Cup's inaugural male and female winners, Adam Cole and Dr. Britt Baker;[29] Martha and her children previously were shown on the May 11, 2022 episode of AEW Dynamite, but did not have a live television appearance.[30]

Book

[edit]

In 2002, Martha Hart started writing a book titled Broken Harts: The Life and Death of Owen Hart that was released in 2004, which is about their life together from when they met as teens and the life they created for their two children. Her book was a #1 Best Seller in Canada, and is now published in several countries including the United States and the United Kingdom, with all of her proceeds allocated to charity.[citation needed]

Lawsuits and disputes

[edit]

Owen Hart's death

[edit]

Three weeks after Owen's death, Hart launched a wrongful death lawsuit against the WWF by the help of aviation lawyer Gary C. Robb; she included her children and Owen's parents on the lawsuit, which was settled out of court for approximately $18 million on November 2, 2000.[31][32] She set aside millions of the settlement to establish the Owen Hart Foundation.[33] She has managed the foundation since 1999.[1] She gave $2 million to Owen Hart's parents.[34] After the lawsuit, Martha separated herself from the majority of the Hart family.[34] She criticized those family members who worked against her with the WWF.[34] In the end she remained friends with only Keith, Wayne and Bret Hart out of Owen's ten living siblings.[35]

Diana Hart's Under the Mat

[edit]
Main article: Under the Mat

There is real-life tension between Martha and her sister-in-law Diana Hart-Smith.[1] Martha sued Diana and claims that Diana's book, Under the Mat: Inside Wrestling's Greatest Family, is both slanderous and libelous, and had it removed from markets everywhere; Martha was issued a public apology by the publishers, who were also required to give an undisclosed amount as a donation to the Owen Hart Foundation as stated in the settlement agreement.[36]

Hart family DVD

[edit]

On June 22, 2010, Martha filed another lawsuit against Vince and Linda McMahon, this time for wrongfully using Owen's name and likeness in numerous DVDs under the WWE name, as well as for deceptive business practices, and not paying royalty payments to Owen's estate and his children.[citation needed] On April 4, 2012, Judge Underhill agreed that Martha's claims against the WWE should go forward regarding the use of family/personal photos without her permission – copyright infringement, as well as breach of contract for not paying royalties from money made (and kept) by the WWE from merchandise sold with Owen's likeness since his death in 1999. In April 2013, the lawsuit was settled.[37]

Nancy Grace

[edit]

On April 9, 2014, Nancy Grace of CNN/HLN ran a show on the death of The Ultimate Warrior; the segment focused on wrestlers who had died of drug abuse. During the discussion, a list of wrestlers who died 'young' scrolled up in the background, which included Owen Hart's name. Martha Hart wrote to CNN/HLN about the implication, which resulted in Nancy Grace delivering an on-air retraction/apology on April 14, 2014, about the mistake relating specifically to Owen Hart.[citation needed]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b c Greg Oliver (November 20, 2001). "Martha Hart sues Diana over book". SLAM! Wrestling. Archived from the original on July 15, 2012. Retrieved 2007-06-18.
  2. ^ "CNN - Wrestler Owen Hart killed in fall during stunt - May 24, 1999". edition.cnn.com. May 24, 1999. Retrieved February 14, 2020.
  3. ^ "WWF WRESTLER FALLS TO HIS DEATH IN ERRANT TV STUNT". chicagotribune.com. May 24, 1999. Retrieved February 14, 2020.
  4. ^ "Angel Film Awards 2017 and 2018 Goodwill Ambassador DR. MARTHA HART". Monacofilmfest.com. Archived from the original on 2017-11-12. Retrieved 2017-11-12.
  5. ^ "Monaco International Film Festival General Info". Retrieved Apr 6, 2020.
  6. ^ "Interview with Dr. Martha Hart: Wrestling Observer Radio [FREE]". Rvwab. Retrieved 2021-07-13.
  7. ^ "Martha Hart | Child Studies".
  8. ^ "International Attachment Conference 2019 – Vancouver, Canada". Retrieved 2019-03-05.
  9. ^ "International Attachment Conference 2019 Program PDF" (PDF). International Attachment Conference. Retrieved July 22, 2019.
  10. ^ "Current Frontiers of Innovation Portfolio Projects". Center on the Developing Child at Harvard University. Retrieved 2019-03-05.
  11. ^ "ATTACH Program Website". Retrieved July 22, 2019.
  12. ^ Administrator (2013-08-14). "Social and Cognitive Development and the Family". www.cfr.cam.ac.uk. Retrieved 2019-03-18.
  13. ^ White, Naomi; Hughes, Claire (2017). Why siblings matter: The role of brother and sister relationships in development and well-being. Routledge. ISBN 9781315630489.
  14. ^ Ensor, Rosie; Roman, Gabriela; Hart, Martha J.; Hughes, Claire (2012). "Mothers' Depressive Symptoms and Low Mother–Toddler Mutuality Both Predict Children's Maladjustment". Infant and Child Development. 21 (1): 52–66. doi:10.1002/icd.762. ISSN 1522-7219.
  15. ^ Hughes, Claire; Roman, Gabriela; Hart, Martha J.; Ensor, Rosie (2013). "Does maternal depression predict young children's executive function? – a 4-year longitudinal study". Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry. 54 (2): 169–177. doi:10.1111/jcpp.12014. ISSN 1469-7610. PMID 23171379.
  16. ^ Letourneau, Nicole; Anis, Lubna; Ntanda, Henry; Novick, Jason; Steele, Miriam; Steele, Howard; Hart, Martha (2020-06-13). "Attachment & Child Health (ATTACH) pilot trials: Effect of parental reflective function intervention for families affected by toxic stress". Infant Mental Health Journal. 41 (4): 445–462. doi:10.1002/imhj.21833. ISSN 0163-9641. PMID 32533796. S2CID 219621637.
  17. ^ Parenting and Child Development Book. ASIN 1909976784.
  18. ^ "Martha J. Hart's research". ResearchGate.
  19. ^ "Howard Steele – Professor and Co-Chair of Psychology – Public Engagement". www.newschool.edu. Retrieved 2019-03-12.
  20. ^ "Miriam Steele – Professor of Psychology and Co-Director of Center for Attachment – Public Engagement". www.newschool.edu. Retrieved 2019-03-12.
  21. ^ "TRAINING | Attachment Training". Retrieved 2019-07-22.
  22. ^ "Department of Psychiatry". www.psychiatry.utoronto.ca. Retrieved 2019-03-12.
  23. ^ "about us | Attachment Training". Retrieved 2019-03-12.
  24. ^ "About". Virginia Child & Family Attachment Center. 2016-10-21. Retrieved 2019-03-12.
  25. ^ "Courses & calendar: developmental sequence of assessments of attachment & self-protective strategy". www.patcrittenden.com. Retrieved 2019-03-12.
  26. ^ "About The Owen Hart Foundation".
  27. ^ a b Currie, Joseph (September 20, 2021). "AEW partners with Owen Hart's family to celebrate his legacy". Sports Illustrated. Retrieved September 24, 2021.
  28. ^ "The Owen Hart Foundation".
  29. ^ Van Boom, Daniel (May 29, 2022). "AEW Double or Nothing 2022: Results, CM Punk Wins, Full Recap and Analysis". CNET. Retrieved May 30, 2022.
  30. ^ Rose, Bryan (May 11, 2022). "Dr. Martha Hart & family attend AEW Dynamite". Figure Four Online. Retrieved May 30, 2022.
  31. ^ "British company pays WWE $9M to settle Owen Hart case". www.bizjournals.com. Retrieved 2022-10-12.
  32. ^ AP-Reuters (November 9, 2000). "Legal victory bittersweet: Martha Hart". Slam! Wrestling. Archived from the original on 2003-04-25. Retrieved 2007-04-07. {{cite web}}: |author= has generic name (help)
  33. ^ "Hart family feud With WWF suit settled, dead wrestler's widow lashes out at in-laws". Archived from the original on January 30, 2018.
  34. ^ a b c Eric Francis (November 8, 2000). "Hart family feud: With WWF suit settled, dead wrestler's widow lashes out at in-laws". Calgary Sun. Archived from the original on January 30, 2018. Retrieved 2007-06-18.
  35. ^ Walton, Dawn (November 9, 2000). "Wrestler widow, WWF settle". Archived from the original on 2018-01-30 – via www.theglobeandmail.com.
  36. ^ "Diana Hart, youngest daughter of Calgary's iconic wrestling clan, finds romance in the ring with Cauliflower Heart trilogy". The Vancouver Sun. Retrieved December 21, 2015.
  37. ^ "WWE Lawsuit over Owen Hart's image gets settled". The Inquisitr.

Further reading

[edit]
Book
  • Shaun Assael and Mike Mooneyham (2002). Sex, Lies, and Headlocks: The Real Story of Vince McMahon and World Wrestling Entertainment. Crown. p. 258. ISBN 1-4000-5143-6.
  • Diana Hart (2001). Under the Mat: Inside Wrestling's Greatest Family. Fenn. p. 200. ISBN 1-55168-256-7.
  • Walters, Reece (2013). Owen Hart-Life and Death of a Wrestling Star. Amazon Digital Services. pp. 24pp. ASIN B00EIH2VHQ.
  • Hart, Bruce (2011). Straight from the Hart. ECW Press. pp. 272pp. ISBN 978-1-55022-939-4.
  • Hart, Julie (2013). Hart Strings: My life with Bret and the Hart Family. Tightrope Books. ISBN 978-1926639635.
  • Billington, Tom; Coleman, Alison (2001). Pure Dynamite: The Price you Pay for Wrestling Stardom. Winding Stair Press. ISBN 1-55366-084-6.
Article
Radio
[edit]
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Martha_Hart&oldid=1260720581"