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{{Short description|none}} <!-- "none" is a legitimate description when the title is already adequate; see [[WP:SDNONE]] -->
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The '''2005 Pacific hurricane season''' officially began [[May 15]], [[2005]] in the eastern Pacific and [[June 1]] [[2005]] in the central Pacific, and will last until [[November 30]], [[2005]]. These dates conventionally delimit the period of each year when most [[tropical cyclones]] form in the northeastern Pacific Ocean. The season got off to a quick start, with the tropical depression that would become [[Hurricane Adrian]] forming just two days into the season on [[May 17]]. It took a very rare track into [[Honduras]] as a Category 1 hurricane. Since then, five further hurricanes and nine other tropical storms have formed, with Dora the only one being of any significant threat to land.
{{Infobox hurricane season
| Basin=EPac
| Year=2005
| Track=2005 Pacific hurricane season summary map.png
| First storm formed=May 17, 2005
| Last storm dissipated=October 20, 2005
| Strongest storm name=[[Hurricane Kenneth (2005)|Kenneth]]
| Strongest storm pressure=947
| Strongest storm winds=115
| Average wind speed=1
| Total depressions=17
| Total storms=15
| Total hurricanes=7
| Total intense=2
| Fatalities=6 total
| Damages=12
| Inflated=
| five seasons=[[2003 Pacific hurricane season|2003]], [[2004 Pacific hurricane season|2004]], '''2005''', [[2006 Pacific hurricane season|2006]], [[2007 Pacific hurricane season|2007]]
| Season timeline=Timeline of the 2005 Pacific hurricane season
|Atlantic season=2005 Atlantic hurricane season
|West Pacific season=2005 Pacific typhoon season
|North Indian season=2005 North Indian Ocean cyclone season
}}
The '''2005 Pacific hurricane season''' was a near-average [[Pacific hurricane]] season which produced fifteen named storms, seven hurricanes and two major hurricanes. It was also the second consecutive season in which no [[tropical cyclone]] of at least tropical storm intensity made [[landfall]]. The season officially began on May&nbsp;15 in the East Pacific Ocean, and on June&nbsp;1 in the Central Pacific; they ended on November&nbsp;30. These dates conventionally delimit the period of each year when most tropical cyclones form in the [[Pacific hurricane|Pacific basin]]. However, the formation of tropical cyclones is possible at any time of the year.


Activity began with the formation of [[Hurricane Adrian (2005)|Hurricane Adrian]], the fourth-earliest-forming tropical storm on record in the basin at the time. Adrian led to flash flooding and several landslides across [[Central America]], resulting in five deaths and $12 million (2005 [[United States dollar|USD]]) in damage. Tropical storms Calvin and Dora caused minor damage along the coastline, while Tropical Storm Eugene led to one death in [[Acapulco]]. In early October, [[Hurricane Otis (2005)|Otis]] produced tropical storm-force winds and minor flooding across the [[Baja California peninsula]]. The remnants of Tropical Depression One-C in the central Pacific, meanwhile, caused minor impacts in Hawaii. The strongest storm of the season was [[Hurricane Kenneth (2005)|Hurricane Kenneth]], which attained peak winds of 130&nbsp;mph (215&nbsp;km/h) over the open Pacific.
The scope of this article is confined to those storms monitored by the [[United States|U.S.]] [[National Hurricane Center]], which monitors all tropical cyclones in the Pacific Ocean in the [[northern hemisphere]] east of 140 degrees west longitude (140°&nbsp;W), and the [[Central Pacific Hurricane Center]] in [[Hawaii]], which monitors tropical cyclones from 180°&nbsp;W (the [[international date line]]) to 140W. Tropical depressions that form east of 140°&nbsp;W have "-E" (Eastern) appended to the number, storms that form west of 140°&nbsp;W have "-C" (Central) appended. Storms that form west of the dateline are called ''typhoons'' and beyond the scope of this article, unless they move east across it.

<div id="toc" style="text-align:center; float:right; clear:right; margin-left:1.5em; margin-bottom:1em; width:20em; font-size: 90%;"><big>'''[[List of Pacific hurricane seasons|Pacific Hurricane Seasons]]'''</big><br>
<big>[[2003 Pacific hurricane season|2003]] [[2004 Pacific hurricane season|2004]] '''2005''' [[2006 Pacific hurricane season|2006]] 2007</big></div>
{{wikinewscat|Hurricane season, 2005}}


==Pre-season forecasts==
==Pre-season forecasts==
{| class="toccolours" cellspacing=0 cellpadding=3 style="float:right; margin-left:1em; text-align:right;"
|+'''Predictions of tropical activity in the 2005 season'''
|- style="background:#ccccff"
|align="center"|'''Source'''
|align="center"|'''Date'''
|align="center"|'''<span style="font-size: 80%;">Named<br />storms</span>'''
|align="center"|'''<span style="font-size: 80%;">Hurricanes</span>'''
|align="center"|'''<span style="font-size: 80%;">Major<br />hurricanes</span>'''
|align="centra'|'''<span style="font-size: 80%;">Refs</span>'''
|-
|align="left"|''Eastern''
|align="left"|''Average''
|15–16
|9
|4–5
|<ref name="MayEPACNOAA" />
|-
|align="left"|SMN
|align="left"|February 2005
|17
|10
|7
|<ref name="FebSMN" />
|-
|align="left"|NOAA
|align="left"|May 16, 2005
|11–15
|6–8
|2–4
|<ref name="MayEPACNOAA" />
|-


|align="left"|'''Eastern'''
The [[National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration]] predicted a slow year, with only a 10% chance of above-average storm activity in the eastern North Pacific and a 70% chance of below-normal activity. The pre-season forecast predicts 11 to 15 tropical storms, 6 to 8 hurricanes, and 2 to 4 becoming major hurricanes (Category 3 or higher on the Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Scale).[http://www.cpc.ncep.noaa.gov/products/Epac_hurr/Epac_hurricane.html]
|align="left"|'''Actual activity'''
|'''15'''
|'''7'''
|'''2'''
|{{EPAC hurricane best track}}
|-
|align="left"|''Central''
|align="left"|''Average''
|4–5
|1
| –
|<ref name="MayCPACNOAA" />
|-
|align="left"|NOAA
|align="left"|May 16, 2005
|2–3
| –
| –
|<ref name="MayCPACNOAA" />
|-
|align="left"|'''Central'''
|align="left"|'''Actual activity'''
|'''2'''
|'''2'''
|'''1'''
|
|}


The first forecast for the 2005 season was produced by the [[Servicio Meteorológico Nacional (Mexico)|Servicio Meteorológico Nacional]] (SMN) in the second month of the year. In their report, the organization cited a list of analog years – [[1952 Pacific hurricane season|1952]], [[1957 Pacific hurricane season|1957]], [[1985 Pacific hurricane season|1985]], [[1991 Pacific hurricane season|1991]], and [[1993 Pacific hurricane season|1993]] – with similar oceanic and atmospheric patterns. An overall total of 17 tropical storms, 10 hurricanes, and 7 major hurricanes was forecast, above the average.<ref name="FebSMN">{{cite web|title=Informe sobre el pronóstico de la temporada de ciclones del 2004 |url=http://smn.cna.gob.mx/ciclones/tempo2005/prono2005.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050406000918/http://smn.cna.gob.mx/ciclones/tempo2005/prono2005.html |publisher=Servicio Meteorológico Nacional |date=February 2005 |archive-date=April 6, 2005 |access-date=April 26, 2017 |language=es |url-status=dead }}</ref> The [[National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration]] (NOAA), meanwhile, released their seasonal outlook on May&nbsp;16, predicting 11 to 15 named storms, 6 to 8 hurricanes, and 2 to 4 major hurricanes. The organization noted that when the Atlantic basin was busier than average, as expected in 2005, the eastern Pacific generally saw lesser activity.<ref name="MayEPACNOAA">{{cite web|author=Carmeyia Gillis|title=NOAA Releases East Pacific Hurricane Season outlook|url=http://www.publicaffairs.noaa.gov/releases2005/may05/noaa05-061.html|publisher=National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration|date=May 16, 2005|access-date=April 26, 2017|archive-date=October 2, 2006|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061002053730/http://www.publicaffairs.noaa.gov/releases2005/may05/noaa05-061.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> That same day, NOAA issued a forecast for activity across the central Pacific, expecting 2 to 3 tropical cyclones to occur across the basin. A normal season averaged 4 to 5 tropical cyclones, including 1 hurricane. A near-normal [[El Niño–Southern Oscillation]] existed across the equatorial Pacific throughout 2005, which indicated conditions generally less conducive for activity there.<ref name="MayCPACNOAA">{{cite web|author=Chris Vaccaro|title=NOAA Expects Below Average Central Pacific Hurricane Season|url=http://www.publicaffairs.noaa.gov/releases2005/may05/noaa05-058.html|publisher=National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration|date=May 16, 2005|access-date=April 26, 2017|archive-date=October 2, 2006|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061002053206/http://www.publicaffairs.noaa.gov/releases2005/may05/noaa05-058.html|url-status=dead}}</ref>
The forecast for the central North Pacific was for a below-average season, with only two or three storms impacting the region, below the normal four to five. [http://www.prh.noaa.gov/cphc/pages/2005cphcpr.php]


{{clear}}
==Storms==


===Hurricane Adrian===
==Seasonal summary==
{{For timeline}}
{{center|
<timeline>
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[[Image:Hurricane Adrian May 19 915.jpg|thumb|200px|right|Hurricane Adrian on [[May 19]], 2005 at 17:15 UTC.]]
Period = from:01/05/2005 till:30/11/2005
:''Main article: '''[[Hurricane Adrian]]'''''
TimeAxis = orientation:horizontal
An early storm, Adrian formed on [[May 17]], only two days after the season began. It strengthened from a tropical depression about 440 miles (710 km) southwest of [[Guatemala]] and [[El Salvador]] and began tracking northeast towards [[San Salvador]], and reached hurricane strength on the morning of [[May 19]]. It turned east and made landfall in [[Honduras]] in the [[Gulf of Fonseca]] late on [[May 19]], after weakening offshore to tropical depression strength. It weakened rapidly once onshore, dissipating over the mountains of Honduras. Three indirect deaths are linked to the storm, but according to the NHC's May Summary [http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/2005/tws/MIATWSEP_may.shtml?], released [[June 1]], no direct deaths had been reported. Damage figures are not yet available.
ScaleMinor = grid:black unit:month increment:1 start:01/05/2005


Colors =
The north-easterly track of this storm was extremely unusual. Only four tropical systems had been recorded to have made landfall in Guatemala or El Salvador since [[1966]]. The only named system ever to do so was Tropical Storm Andres on [[June 7]], [[1997]], near [[San Salvador]] as a tropical depression. The storm was also somewhat rare in how early it was; hurricanes form in May only once about every four years.
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*[http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/2005/refresh/ADRIAN+shtml/? NHC archive on Hurricane Adrian].


BarData =
===Tropical Storm Beatriz===
barset:Hurricane
bar:Month


PlotData=
The first tropical storm to form in the Eastern Pacific in June since Carlos in 2003, Beatriz formed just off the coast of [[Mexico]] on [[June 21]], reaching tropical storm strength the next day, with windspeeds peaking at around 50 mph (80 km/h) on [[June 23]]. It slowly moved west and dissipated into a remnant low on the morning of [[June 24]] about 290 miles (470 km) from [[Cabo San Lucas]], [[Mexico]], having never threatened land.


barset:Hurricane width:10 align:left fontsize:S shift:(4,-4) anchor:till
*[http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/2005/refresh/BEATRIZ+shtml/? NHC archive on Tropical Storm Beatriz].
from:17/05/2005 till:21/05/2005 color:C1 text:"[[Hurricane Adrian (2005)|Adrian (C1)]]"
from:21/06/2005 till:24/06/2005 color:TS text:"Beatriz (TS)"
from:26/06/2005 till:29/06/2005 color:TS text:"Calvin (TS)"
from:04/07/2005 till:07/07/2005 color:TS text:"Dora (TS)"
from:18/07/2005 till:22/07/2005 color:TS text:"Eugene (TS)"
from:03/08/2005 till:04/08/2005 color:TD text:"One-C (TD)"
from:09/08/2005 till:17/08/2005 color:C1 text:"Fernanda (C1)"
from:11/08/2005 till:16/08/2005 color:TS text:"Greg (TS)"
barset:break
from:19/08/2005 till:28/08/2005 color:C2 text:"Hilary (C2)"
from:25/08/2005 till:03/09/2005 color:TS text:"Irwin (TS)"
from:12/09/2005 till:25/09/2005 color:C3 text:"Jova (C3)"
from:14/09/2005 till:01/10/2005 color:C4 text:"[[Hurricane Kenneth (2005)|Kenneth (C4)]]"
from:17/09/2005 till:19/09/2005 color:TS text:"Lidia (TS)"
from:18/09/2005 till:26/09/2005 color:C1 text:"Max (C1)"
from:23/09/2005 till:01/10/2005 color:TS text:"Norma (TS)"
from:28/09/2005 till:05/10/2005 color:C2 text:"[[Hurricane Otis (2005)|Otis (C2)]]"
barset:break
from:15/10/2005 till:17/10/2005 color:TD
barset:break
from:19/10/2005 till:20/10/2005 color:TD text:"Sixteen-E (TD)"


bar:Month width:5 align:center fontsize:S shift:(0,-20) anchor:middle color:canvas
===Tropical Storm Calvin===
from:01/05/2005 till:31/05/2005 text:May
from:01/06/2005 till:30/06/2005 text:June
from:01/07/2005 till:31/07/2005 text:July
from:01/08/2005 till:31/08/2005 text:August
from:01/09/2005 till:30/09/2005 text:September
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Tropical Depression Three-E formed just south of Mexico early on [[June 26]], and reached tropical storm strength and was named Calvin late that day. [[Tropical cyclone warnings and watches|Tropical storm watches]] were issued for the southern coast of Mexico around [[Acapulco]] as Calvin slowly moved westward, with windspeeds peaking at 50 mph (80 km/h) on [[June 27]], but all watches were cancelled on the morning of [[June 28]] as it moved away from the coast. Calvin weakened to a tropical depression later that day, and lost tropical characteristics that night.
}}
[[File:2005 Pacific hurricane season three active storms.jpg|thumb|270px|Three simultaneous tropical cyclones existed on September 22. Jova, Kenneth and Max]]
The [[Accumulated Cyclone Energy]] (ACE) index for the 2005 Pacific hurricane season as calculated by Colorado State University using data from the National Hurricane Center was 96.6&nbsp;units.{{#tag:ref|The total represents the sum of the squares of the maximum sustained wind speed (knots) for every (sub)tropical storm's intensity of over 33&nbsp;knots (38&nbsp;mph, 61&nbsp;km/h), divided by 10,000 while they are above that threshold; therefore, tropical depressions are not included.|group="nb"}}<ref>{{cite web| title=Basin Archives: Northeast Pacific Ocean Historical Tropical Cyclone Statistics|url=http://tropical.atmos.colostate.edu/Realtime/index.php?arch&loc=northeastpacific|publisher=Colorado State University|location=Fort Collins, Colorado|access-date=July 8, 2022}}</ref> Broadly speaking, ACE is a measure of the power of a tropical or subtropical storm multiplied by the length of time it existed. It is only calculated for full advisories on specific tropical and subtropical systems reaching or exceeding wind speeds of 39&nbsp;mph (63&nbsp;km/h).


The season's first tropical cyclone, Adrian, developed on May&nbsp;17 and reached its peak as a [[Saffir–Simpson hurricane wind scale|Category&nbsp;1 hurricane]]. Named storms are infrequent in May, with one tropical storm every two years and a hurricane once every four years.<ref>{{cite web|author=Richard D. Knabb|author2=James L. Franklin|title=Monthly Tropical Weather Summary: May|url=http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/2005/tws/MIATWSEP_may.shtml|publisher=National Hurricane Center|date=June 1, 2005|access-date=April 25, 2017|location=Miami, Florida}}</ref> At the time, Adrian was the fourth earliest tropical cyclone to form in the eastern Pacific since reliable record-keeping began in [[1971 Pacific hurricane season|1971]]. Activity throughout the remainder of the season was far less notable, with 16 tropical cyclones, 15 named storms, 7 hurricanes, and 2 major hurricanes. The long-term 1971–2004 average suggests an average season to feature 15 named storms, 9 hurricanes, and 4 major hurricanes. October in particular was notably quiet, with the formation of only one tropical depression; only three other seasons, [[1989 Pacific hurricane season|1989]], [[1995 Pacific hurricane season|1995]], and [[1996 Pacific hurricane season|1996]], ended the month without the designation of a named storm.<ref>{{cite web|author=Stacy R. Stewart|author2=John L. Beven II|author3=James L. Franklin|title=Monthly Tropical Weather Summary: October|url=http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/2005/tws/MIATWSEP_oct.shtml|publisher=National Hurricane Center|date=November 1, 2005|access-date=April 27, 2017}}</ref>
*[http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/2005/refresh/CALVIN+shtml/? NHC archive on Tropical Storm Calvin].


Analysis of the environment suggested that most storms formed during the passage of the positive [[Madden–Julian oscillation]] and its associated upper-air divergence, which is favorable for tropical cyclone formation. Extended reprieves in tropical activity were connected to upper-level convergence. Another factor that led to a below-average season was the presence of cooler than average ocean temperatures during the peak months, helping to extend the period of lesser activity that began throughout the eastern Pacific around [[1995 Pacific hurricane season|1995]].<ref>{{cite journal|last=Knabb|first=Richard D.|author2=Avila, Lixion A. |author3=Beven, John L. |author4=Franklin, James L. |author5=Pasch, Richard J. |author6=Stewart, Stacy R.|title=Eastern North Pacific Hurricane Season of 2005|journal=Monthly Weather Review| date=March 2008 |volume=136|issue=3|pages=1201–1216|doi=10.1175/2007MWR2076.1|bibcode=2008MWRv..136.1201K|url=https://zenodo.org/record/1234529|doi-access=free}}</ref>
===Tropical Storm Dora===


==Systems==
An active early season continued with Tropical Depression Four-E forming on [[July 3]] from a tropical wave south of [[Acapulco]], [[Mexico]]. Watches and warnings were issued as it neared the Mexican coast. On the afternoon of [[July 4]], the depression strengthened into a tropical storm while located about 45 miles (75 km) west-southwest of Acapulco. It came within miles of the Mexican coast, moving somewhat parallel to it on [[July 4]], dropping heavy rainfall on the region. As it moved away from the coast, all watches were cancelled as it dropped to a tropical depression midday on [[July 5]], finally dissipating early on [[July 6]].
===Hurricane Adrian===
{{Infobox Hurricane Small
|Basin=EPac
|Image=Hurricane Adrian May 19 915.jpg
|Track=Adrian 2005 track.png
|Formed=May 17
|Dissipated=May 21
|1-min winds=70
|Pressure=982
}}
{{Main|Hurricane Adrian (2005)}}
In early to mid-May, several areas of disturbed weather moving westward from Central America aided in the formation of a broad [[Low-pressure area|area of low pressure]] well south of Mexico. A poorly-defined [[tropical wave]] became intertwined with the larger system over subsequent days, leading to the formation of a tropical depression at 18:00&nbsp;UTC on May&nbsp;17. The nascent cyclone intensified into Tropical Storm Adrian six hours later. Despite the effects of moderate [[wind shear]], the system steadily organized as [[Atmospheric convection|convection]] became concentrated around the [[Atmospheric circulation|center]], and Adrian attained its peak with winds of 80&nbsp;mph (130&nbsp;km/h) at 18:00&nbsp;UTC on May&nbsp;19. Environmental conditions became less conducive thereafter as [[Katabatic wind|downsloping]] from mountains along the coastline of Mexico combined with the already-marginal upper-level winds. The cyclone fell to tropical storm intensity at 00:00&nbsp;UTC on May&nbsp;20, tropical depression intensity at 18:00&nbsp;UTC that day, and dissipated at 06:00&nbsp;UTC on May&nbsp;21 along the coastline of Honduras in the [[Gulf of Fonseca]].<ref name="Atcr">{{cite web|author=Richard D. Knabb|title=Tropical Cyclone Report: Hurricane Adrian|url=http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/data/tcr/EP012005_Adrian.pdf|publisher=National Hurricane Center|date=November 24, 2005|access-date=March 11, 2017|pages=1, 2, 6|location=Miami, Florida}}</ref>


Hurricane Adrian was responsible for five deaths: two died in a mudslide in [[Guatemala]],<ref>{{cite web|title=Storm floods, slides feared in Central America|url=https://www.nbcnews.com/id/wbna7896963|work=NBC News|date=May 20, 2005|access-date=April 25, 2017}}</ref> a pilot crashed in high winds and a person drowned in El Salvador,<ref>{{cite web|title=El Salvador, Honduras escape hurricane's wrath|url=http://www.cbc.ca/news/world/el-salvador-honduras-escape-hurricane-s-wrath-1.550008|publisher=CBC News|date=May 20, 2005|access-date=April 25, 2017}}</ref> and a person was killed by flooding in [[Nicaragua]].<ref name="Atcr" /> Heavy rainfall up to 16.4&nbsp;in (418.4&nbsp;mm) in [[El Salvador]] led to landslides, damaged roads, and flash flooding.<ref>{{cite web|title=Informe de los Deslizamientos de tierra generados por el Huracán Adrián, El Salvador|url=http://www.snet.gob.sv/Geologia/Deslizamientos/Deslizamientos-Adrian.pdf|publisher=Servicio Nacional de Estudios Territoriales|date=May 2005|access-date=April 25, 2017|language=es}}</ref> In [[Honduras]], a few shacks were destroyed, a few roads were blocked, and some flooding occurred; similar effects were noted in Guatemala and Nicaragua.<ref>{{cite web|title=Hurricane Adrian whacks El Salvador, then fizzles|url=https://usatoday30.usatoday.com/weather/stormcenter/2005-05-19-evacuations-adrian_x.htm|publisher=USA Today|date=May 19, 2005|access-date=April 25, 2017}}</ref> Monetary losses topped $12 million (2005 USD) in El Salvador alone.<ref>{{cite web|author=Mayency Linares|author2=Nadia Martínez|title=Empresas pierden $12 millones|url=http://especiales.laprensagrafica.com/2005/adrian/208337.asp|publisher=La Prensa Gráfica|access-date=April 25, 2017|language=es}}</ref>
* [http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/2005/refresh/DORA+shtml/? NHC archive on Tropical Storm Dora].
{{clear}}


===Tropical Storm Eugene===
===Tropical Storm Beatriz===
{{Infobox Hurricane Small
|Basin=EPac
|Image=Beatriz 2005-06-23 2020Z.jpg
|Track=Beatriz 2005 track.png
|Formed=June 21
|Dissipated=June 24
|1-min winds=45
|Pressure=1000
}}
A tropical wave emerged into the Atlantic on June&nbsp;8 and entered the East Pacific over a week later, merging with a number of disturbances within a broad area of low pressure south of Mexico on June&nbsp;17. The disturbance's cloud pattern—although initially elongated—steadily coalesced, leading to the formation of a tropical depression at 18:00&nbsp;UTC on June&nbsp;21 and further intensification into Tropical Storm Beatriz at 12:00&nbsp;UTC on June&nbsp;22. The system battled easterly wind shear and marginal ocean temperatures on its west-northwest track, attaining peak winds of 50&nbsp;mph (85&nbsp;km/h) the next day before weakening to tropical depression intensity at 00:00&nbsp;UTC on June&nbsp;24. Six hours later, it degenerated into a remnant low which slowed and turned southward prior to dissipating early on June&nbsp;26.<ref name="Btcr">{{cite web|author=James L. Franklin|title=Tropical Cyclone Report: Tropical Storm Beatriz|url=http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/data/tcr/EP022005_Beatriz.pdf|publisher=National Hurricane Center|date=July 23, 2005|access-date=March 17, 2017|pages=1, 3|location=Miami, Florida}}</ref>
{{clear}}


===Tropical Storm Calvin===
[[Image:Tropical Storm Eugene 1750 UTC July 19 2005.jpg|thumb|200px|right|Tropical Storm Eugene on [[July 19]], [[2005]] at 1750 [[UTC]].]]
{{Infobox Hurricane Small
Eugene formed from a tropical disturbance off the central Mexican coast on [[July 18]] and headed northwest, one of the few cyclones to reach tropical storm-strength without being designated as a tropical depression. Initially, as with most Eastern Pacific storms, no public advisories or warnings were issued, since it was heading out to sea. However, on [[July 19]] it came within range of the southern tip of the [[Baja California peninsula]]. [[Tropical cyclone warnings and watches|Tropical storm watches]] were issued for the area around [[Cabo San Lucas]] for most of the day, but the storm moved away without affecting land.
|Basin=EPac
|Image=Calvin 2005-06-27 1955Z.jpg
|Track=Calvin 2005 track.png
|Formed=June 26
|Dissipated=June 29
|1-min winds=45
|Pressure=1000
}}
A tropical wave emerged off the western coast of Africa on June&nbsp;11, remaining inconspicuous until reaching the southwestern [[Caribbean Sea]] eight days later. The system entered the eastern Pacific on June&nbsp;21, where steady organization led to the formation of a tropical depression around 06:00&nbsp;UTC on June&nbsp;26 while located 330&nbsp;mi (530&nbsp;km) south-southeast of Acapulco, Mexico. Upon formation, the cyclone moved north-northwest and then west-northwest under the dictation of a [[subtropical ridge]] to its north. It intensified into Tropical Storm Calvin at 18:00&nbsp;UTC on June&nbsp;26, attaining a peak intensity of 50&nbsp;mph (85&nbsp;km/h) early the next morning in conjunction with a well-defined spiral band on radar.<ref name="Ctcr">{{cite web|author=Jack L. Beven II|title=Tropical Cyclone Report: Tropical Storm Calvin|url=http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/data/tcr/EP032005_Calvin.pdf|publisher=National Hurricane Center|date=November 28, 2005|access-date=April 22, 2017|location=Miami, Florida|pages=1, 3}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|author=Richard J. Pasch|title=Tropical Storm Calvin Discussion Number 4|url=http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/2005/dis/ep032005.discus.004.shtml|publisher=National Hurricane Center|date=June 27, 2005|access-date=April 22, 2017|location=Miami, Florida}}</ref> Calvin then dove west-southwest and weakened as strong wind shear exposed the storm's circulation; it fell to tropical depression status at 12:00&nbsp;UTC on June&nbsp;28 and further degenerated to a remnant low by 06:00&nbsp;UTC the next day. The low moved generally westward before dissipating well southwest of the Baja California peninsula on July&nbsp;3.<ref name="Ctcr" /> As a tropical cyclone, Calvin caused only minor damage to roofs and highways, flooded a house, and toppled two trees.<ref>{{cite web|author=Juan Cervantes Gómez|title=Provoca 'Calvin' daños en carreteras|url=http://archivo.eluniversal.com.mx/estados/57885.html|publisher=El Universal|date=June 29, 2005|access-date=April 27, 2017|language=es}}</ref>
{{clear}}


===Tropical Storm Dora===
*[http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/2005/refresh/EUGENE+shtml/204009.shtml? NHC's archive on Tropical Storm Eugene]
{{Infobox Hurricane Small
|Basin=EPac
|Image=TS Dora 2005.jpg
|Track=Dora 2005 track.png
|Formed=July 4
|Dissipated=July 6
|1-min winds=40
|Pressure=1002
}}
The genesis of Tropical Storm Dora can be attributed to a westward-moving tropical wave that emerged off Africa on June&nbsp;18. By July&nbsp;3, the wave passed through the [[Gulf of Tehuantepec]], where broad cyclonic flow began to develop along its axis. Following further organization, the disturbance intensified into a tropical depression by 00:00&nbsp;UTC on July&nbsp;4 and further strengthened into Tropical Storm Dora six hours later. The cyclone moved north-northwest and then west-northwest, paralleling the coastline of Mexico under the influence of a subtropical ridge,<ref name="Dtcr">{{cite web|author=Stacy R. Stewart|title=Tropical Cyclone Report: Tropical Storm Dora|url=http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/data/tcr/EP042005_Dora.pdf|publisher=National Hurricane Center|date=August 2, 2005|access-date=April 23, 2017|pages=1, 3|location=Miami, Florida}}</ref> where landslides and mudslides cut communication to 12 mountain villages.<ref>{{cite web|author=Juan Cervantes Gómez|title=Daños en Guerrero por fuertes lluvias|url=http://archivo.eluniversal.com.mx/estados/57956.html|publisher=El Universal|date=July 5, 2005|access-date=April 27, 2017|language=es}}</ref> Under a moderate easterly wind shear regime, Dora ultimately changed little in strength, peaking with winds of 45&nbsp;mph (75&nbsp;km/h) as the center became obscured on the eastern edge of extremely deep convection.<ref>{{cite web|author=David P. Roberts|author2=Richard J. Pasch|title=Tropical Depression Four-E Discussion Number 3|url=http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/2005/dis/ep042005.discus.003.shtml|publisher=National Hurricane Center|date=July 4, 2005|access-date=April 23, 2017}}</ref> A track over colder waters caused the storm to fall to tropical depression intensity late on July&nbsp;5 and degenerate into a remnant low by 12:00&nbsp;UTC on July&nbsp;6. The low then dissipated six hours later.<ref name="Dtcr" />
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===Tropical Storm Eugene===
{{Infobox Hurricane Small
|Basin=EPac
|Image=Tropical Storm Eugene 1750 UTC July 19 2005.jpg
|Track=Eugene 2005 track.png
|Formed=July 18
|Dissipated=July 20
|1-min winds=60
|Pressure=989
}}
A tropical wave first identified over the Caribbean Sea on July&nbsp;10 entered the eastern Pacific four days later. The disturbance organized as [[Rainband|banding features]] became distinct, leading to the formation of a tropical depression by 06:00&nbsp;UTC on July&nbsp;18. The cyclone intensified into Tropical Storm Eugene six hours later as a mid-level ridge steered it generally northwest. Amid an environment of light wind shear, Eugene steadily organized to reach peak winds of 70&nbsp;mph (110&nbsp;km/h) by late on July&nbsp;19,<ref name="Etcr">{{cite web|author=Richard J. Pasch|title=Tropical Cyclone Report: Tropical Storm Eugene|url=http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/data/tcr/EP052005_Eugene.pdf|publisher=National Hurricane Center|date=April 5, 2006|access-date=April 23, 2017|pages=1, 3|location=Miami, Florida}}</ref> although it is possible the storm briefly attained hurricane intensity.<ref>{{cite web|author=James L. Franklin|title=Tropical Storm Eugene Discussion Number 6|url=http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/2005/dis/ep052005.discus.006.shtml|publisher=National Hurricane Center|date=July 19, 2005|access-date=April 23, 2017|location=Miami, Florida}}</ref> Already tracking over cooler waters, Eugene quickly weakened immediately after its peak, becoming a tropical depression by 12:00&nbsp;UTC on July&nbsp;20 and degenerating into a remnant low twelve hours later. The low continued northwest before losing its character on July&nbsp;22.<ref name="Etcr" /> As a tropical cyclone, Eugene flooded streets (which displaced six vehicles), left at least 30 houses inundated, and caused one death after a man's boat overturned.<ref>{{cite web|title=Dejan lluvias un muerto en Acapulco|url=http://archivo.eluniversal.com.mx/notas/294504.html|publisher=El Universal|date=July 18, 2005|access-date=April 27, 2017|language=es}}</ref>
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===Tropical Depression One-C===
===Tropical Depression One-C===
{{Infobox Hurricane Small
|Basin=EPac
|Image=01C 2005-08-04 2235Z.jpg
|Track=1-C 2005 track.png
|Formed=August 3
|Dissipated=August 4
|1-min winds=25
|Pressure=1008
}}
In late July to early August, an organized thunderstorm cluster persisted within the [[Intertropical Convergence Zone]] (ITCZ). Upon further development, the disturbance was designated as a tropical depression as it tracked swiftly west, the first and only cyclone to form in the central Pacific throughout the season. Despite initial forecasts of a minimal tropical storm, increasing wind shear and cooler ocean temperatures prompted the depression to instead dissipate by 00:00&nbsp;UTC on August&nbsp;5, having only attained peak winds of 30&nbsp;mph (45&nbsp;km/h).<ref name="TCCNP">{{cite web|title=2005 Tropical Cyclones Central North Pacific|author1=Andy Nash|author2=Victor Proton|author3=Robert Farrell|author4=Roy Matsuda|publisher=Central Pacific Hurricane Center|location=Honolulu, Hawaii|date=May 2006|url=https://www.nhc.noaa.gov/data/tcr/CP2005_Seasonal_TCR.pdf|access-date=January 30, 2024}}</ref>


As a tropical cyclone, Tropical Depression One-C had no impact on land. However, the remnants of the depression dropped moderate to heavy rainfall in Hawaii, particularly on the [[Hawaii (island)|Island of Hawaii]]. Rainfall totals measured up to 8.8&nbsp;in (223.5&nbsp;mm) in Glenwood, Hawaii.<ref name="TCCNP" /> Flash floods was reported in [[Kona District, Hawaii|Kona]] and [[Ka‘ū, Hawaii|Ka‘ū]], while minor flooding occurred in [[Hilo, Hawaii|Hilo]], [[Hamakua]], and [[Kealakekua, Hawaii|Kealakekua]]. In addition, minor street flooding was reported in several cities on that island; most notably, a nearly overflown drainage ditch threatened to submerge the [[Hawaii Belt Road]].<ref>{{cite web|agency=National Weather Service Weather Forecast Office in Honolulu, Hawaii|title=August 2005 Precipitation Summary|url=http://www.prh.noaa.gov/hnl/hydro/pages/aug05sum.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070818020542/http://www.prh.noaa.gov/hnl/hydro/pages/aug05sum.html|publisher=National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration|date=September 7, 2005|archive-date=August 18, 2007|access-date=April 26, 2017}}</ref> Some coffee plants were damaged.<ref>{{cite web|agency=National Weather Service Weather Forecast Office in Honolulu, Hawaii|title=Hawaii Event Report: Heavy Rain|url=https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/stormevents/eventdetails.jsp?id=5469482|publisher=National Centers for Environmental Information|year=2005|access-date=April 26, 2017}}</ref>
The first tropical system in the central Pacific formed east-southeast of [[Hawaii]] on [[August 3]], a month later than the first (and only) central system to develop in 2004. It began a track due west, which could have put it within range of the island of [[Oahu, Hawaii]] a few days later. It was initially forecast to strengthen into a tropical storm (one has not formed in the central Pacific since Huko in the [[2002 Pacific hurricane season|2002 season]]). However, the next day's models changed to indicate no further increase in strength. Shortly after that, convection bursts ceased and the system lost its closed circulation while still 725 miles (1200 km) from [[Hilo, Hawaii|Hilo]].
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===Hurricane Fernanda===
===Hurricane Fernanda===
{{Infobox Hurricane Small

|Basin=EPac
Tropical Depression Six-E formed from an area of disturbed weather some 690 miles (1100 km) south-southwest of [[Cabo San Lucas]] in [[Baja California Sur]], [[Mexico]] on [[August 9]]. It was upgraded to Tropical Storm Fernanda late that day, and to Hurricane Fernanda on [[August 11]], as it headed generally west-northwest into the open [[Pacific]]. On [[August 14]] it dropped to tropical storm strength over cooler waters and on [[August 15]] weakened to a tropical depression. It degenerated into a remnant low later in the day about 1650 miles southwest of the southern tip of [[Baja California]].
|Image=Hurricane Fernanda 2005.jpg

|Track=Fernanda 2005 track.png
*[http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/2005/FERNANDA.shtml? NHC's archive on Hurricane Fernanda]
|Formed=August 9
|Dissipated=August 16
|1-min winds=75
|Pressure=978
}}
A vigorous tropical wave observed over western Africa in late July maintained vigor until passing the Windward Islands, becoming disorganized as it moved across South America and then into the eastern Pacific on August&nbsp;5. Convection gradually redeveloped south of Mexico, leading to the formation of a tropical depression by 12:00&nbsp;UTC on August&nbsp;9 and intensification into Tropical Storm Fernanda twelve hours later. The nascent cyclone continued on a west-northwesterly course amid a favorable shear regime; it became a hurricane at 06:00&nbsp;UTC on August&nbsp;11 and attained peak winds of 85&nbsp;mph (140&nbsp;km/h) early the next day as a ragged eye became discernible. After leveling off in intensity, Fernanda fell to tropical storm intensity early on August&nbsp;14, weakened to a tropical depression late on August&nbsp;15, and degenerated into a remnant low by 06:00&nbsp;UTC on August&nbsp;16, all the while diving west-southwest. The low produced intermittent convection until dissipating the next day.<ref name="Ftcr">{{cite web|author=Lixion A. Avila|title=Tropical Cyclone Report: Hurricane Fernanda|url=http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/data/tcr/EP062005_Fernanda.pdf|publisher=National Hurricane Center|date=October 12, 2005|access-date=April 23, 2017|pages=1, 3|location=Miami, Florida}}</ref>
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===Tropical Storm Greg===
===Tropical Storm Greg===
{{Infobox Hurricane Small

|Basin=EPac
Tropical Depression Seven-E formed 670 miles (1100 km) south of [[Cabo San Lucas]] on [[August 11]], and was upgraded to Tropical Storm Greg a few hours later. Although only 750 miles (1200 km) from Hurricane Fernanda it showed no signs of being pushed northwards by interaction, but set off westwards to follow Fernanda into the Pacific. Greg was downgraded to tropical depression status on [[August 14]] and remained stationary throughout the day. It began drifting slowly westward early on [[August 15]] and was destroyed by shear later in the day.
|Image=Tropical Storm Greg 2005.jpg

|Track=Greg 2005 track.png
*[http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/2005/GREG.shtml? NHC's archive on Tropical Storm Greg]
|Formed=August 11
|Dissipated=August 15
|1-min winds=45
|Pressure=1000
}}
A tropical wave that first crossed the western coastline of Africa on July&nbsp;27 entered the eastern Pacific ten days later, gradually developing into a tropical depression by 06:00&nbsp;UTC on August&nbsp;11. The depression trekked west-northwest along the southern periphery of a subtropical ridge, intensifying into Tropical Storm Greg six hours after formation and reaching peak winds of 50&nbsp;mph (85&nbsp;km/h) by 00:00&nbsp;UTC on August&nbsp;12 as deep convection flared near the center and upper-level outflow became well established.<ref name="Gtcr">{{cite web|author=Richard D. Knabb|title=Tropical Cyclone Report: Tropical Storm Greg|url=http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/data/tcr/EP072005_Greg.pdf|publisher=National Hurricane Center|date=March 17, 2006|access-date=April 25, 2017|pages=1, 4|location=Miami, Florida}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|author=Richard D. Knabb|title=Tropical Storm Greg Discussion Number 4|url=http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/2005/dis/ep072005.discus.004.shtml|publisher=National Hurricane Center|date=August 11, 2005|access-date=April 25, 2017|location=Miami, Florida}}</ref> Northerly shear from nearby Fernanda and a nearby upper-level trough caused Greg to level off and maintain its status as a low-end tropical storm for several days as steering currents collapsed. Drifting south, stronger upper-level winds caused Greg to weaken to tropical depression intensity by 18:00&nbsp;UTC on August&nbsp;14 before degenerating into a remnant low by 00:00&nbsp;UTC on August&nbsp;16. The low was absorbed into the ITCZ shortly thereafter.<ref name="Gtcr" />
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===Hurricane Hilary===
===Hurricane Hilary===
{{Infobox Hurricane Small

|Basin=EPac
[[Image:Hurricane Hilary August 22 2005.jpg|thumb|200px|right|Hurricane Hilary on August 22, 2005.]]
|Image=Hilary 2005-08-22 0530Z.jpg

|Track=Hilary 2005 track.png
Tropical Depression Eight-E formed from an area of disturbed weather south of the [[Isthmus of Tehuantepec|Gulf of Tehuantepec]] on [[August 19]]. It strengthened to a tropical storm late that evening, and reached hurricane strength 24 hours later. Moving parallel to the [[Mexico|Mexican]] coast and about 300 miles off-shore, it reached category 2 on the [[Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Scale]] late on [[August 21]]. Tropical storm strength winds affected the coast and a [[Tropical cyclone warnings and watches|tropical storm warning]] was issued for a while. Hilary dissipated not long after weakening to a tropical storm on [[August 25]].
|Formed=August 19

|Dissipated=August 25
*[http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/2005/HILARY.shtml? NHC's archive on Hurricane Hilary]
|1-min winds=90
|Pressure=970
}}
A tropical wave moved off the western coast of Africa on August&nbsp;4, eventually organizing into a tropical depression south of Mexico by 18:00&nbsp;UTC on August&nbsp;19. Twelve hours later, the depression intensified into Tropical Storm Hilary. The newly named system tracked west after formation, steered on the south side of a subtropical ridge. Favorable upper-level winds and warm ocean temperatures allowed it to quickly intensify, and Hilary became a hurricane by 00:00&nbsp;UTC on August&nbsp;21. After leveling off briefly, the cyclone attained its peak as a Category&nbsp;2 hurricane with winds of 105&nbsp;mph (185&nbsp;km/h) early the next morning,<ref name="Htcr">{{cite web|author=James L. Franklin|title=Tropical Cyclone Report: Hurricane Hilary|url=http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/data/tcr/EP082005_Hilary.pdf|publisher=National Hurricane Center|date=February 1, 2006|access-date=April 25, 2017|pages=1, 3|location=Miami, Florida}}</ref> consistent with a ragged eye on infrared satellite imagery.<ref>{{cite web|author=John L. Beven II|title=Hurricane Hilary Discussion Number 13|url=http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/2005/dis/ep082005.discus.013.shtml|publisher=National Hurricane Center|date=August 22, 2005|access-date=April 25, 2017|location=Miami, Florida}}</ref> Hilary entered a progressively cooler ocean after peak, resulting in the loss of deep convection. The system fell to tropical storm intensity late on August&nbsp;24, tropical depression intensity late on August&nbsp;25, and degenerated to a remnant low by 00:00&nbsp;UTC on August&nbsp;26. The low moved generally west until dissipating early on August&nbsp;28.<ref name="Htcr" />
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===Tropical Storm Irwin===
===Tropical Storm Irwin===
{{Infobox Hurricane Small

|Basin=EPac
Tropical Depression Nine-E formed in the Eastern Pacific southwest of [[Manzanillo, Mexico]] on [[August 25]], and strengthened to Tropical Storm Irwin early the next day, reaching wind speeds of 50 mph (85 km/h). Although Irwin headed almost due west over warm water, it encountered shearing winds, soon weakened and dissipated on [[August 28]].
|Image=Irwin 2005-08-26 2025Z.jpg

|Track=Irwin 2005 track.png
*[http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/2005/IRWIN.shtml? NHC's archive on Tropical Storm Irwin]
|Formed=August 25
|Dissipated=August 28
|1-min winds=45
|Pressure=1000
}}
The formation of Irwin can be traced to a tropical wave that emerged off Africa on August&nbsp;10. It continued west, fracturing into two portions near the Leeward Islands; the northern half aided in the formation of [[Hurricane Katrina]], whereas the southern portion continued into the eastern Pacific. Steady organization led to the formation of a tropical depression by 12:00&nbsp;UTC on August&nbsp;25 and intensification into a tropical storm twelve hours later.<ref name="Itcr">{{cite web|author=John L. Beven II|title=Tropical Cyclone Report: Tropical Storm Irwin|url=http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/data/tcr/EP092005_Irwin.pdf|publisher=National Hurricane Center|date=January 17, 2006|access-date=April 25, 2017|pages=1, 3|location=Miami, Florida}}</ref> With the center located on the edge of deep convection,<ref>{{cite web|author=Michelle Mainelli|author2=Richard D. Knabb|title=Tropical Storm Irwin Discussion Number 3|url=http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/2005/dis/ep092005.discus.003.shtml|publisher=National Hurricane Center|date=August 26, 2005|access-date=April 25, 2017|location=Miami, Florida}}</ref> Irwin attained peak winds of 50&nbsp;mph (85&nbsp;km/h) early on August&nbsp;26 before northeasterly wind shear prompted weakening. The cyclone fell to tropical depression intensity early on August&nbsp;28 and further degenerated to a remnant low by 18:00&nbsp;UTC on August&nbsp;28. The low moved west and then southwest until dissipating on September&nbsp;3.<ref name="Itcr" />
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===Hurricane Jova===
===Hurricane Jova===
{{Infobox Hurricane Small
|Basin=EPac
|Image=Hurricane_Jova_2005-09-19_2248z.jpg
|Track=Jova 2005 track.png
|Formed=September 12
|Dissipated=September 25
|1-min winds=110
|Pressure=951
}}
A tropical wave emerged off the western coast of Africa on August&nbsp;28. Similar to the setup that spawned Irwin, the northern half of the wave fractured and led to the formation of [[Hurricane Maria (2005)|Hurricane Maria]], whereas the southern part of the wave continued into the eastern Pacific on September&nbsp;4. The disturbance initially changed little in organization; an increase in convection on September&nbsp;12, however, aided in the formation of a tropical depression by 00:00&nbsp;UTC that day. Affected by moderate easterly shear, the depression failed to intensify into Tropical Storm Jova until 00:00&nbsp;UTC on September&nbsp;15. The cyclone intensified at a faster rate thereafter, attaining hurricane intensity early the next day as it turned west-southwest. Jova crossed into the central Pacific early on September&nbsp;18, where environmental conditions favored continued intensification. As the storm moved into the basin, it abruptly turned northwest toward a weakness in the subtropical ridge.<ref name="Jtcr">{{cite web|author=Stacy R. Stewart|title=Tropical Cyclone Report: Hurricane Jova|url=http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/data/tcr/EP102005_Jova.pdf|publisher=National Hurricane Center|date=February 27, 2006|access-date=April 25, 2017|pages=1, 2, 4, 5|location=Miami, Florida}}</ref>


Nearby dry air acted to temporarily but significantly weaken Jova's spiral banding despite a favorable upper-level environment.<ref>{{cite web|author=Richard J. Pasch|author2=David P. Roberts|title=Hurricane Jova Discussion Number 25|url=http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/2005/dis/ep102005.discus.025.shtml|publisher=National Hurricane Center|date=April 25, 2017|access-date=September 17, 2005|location=Miami, Florida}}</ref> By 12:00&nbsp;UTC on September&nbsp;19, however, it intensified into the first major hurricane – a Category 3 or larger on the [[Saffir–Simpson hurricane wind scale]] – of the season; twelve hours later, it attained peak winds of 125&nbsp;mph (205&nbsp;km/h). Cooler ocean temperatures took their toll on Jova as it progressed westward, with Jova falling to tropical storm intensity early on September&nbsp;23, dropping to tropical depression intensity early on September&nbsp;24, and ultimately dissipating by 06:00&nbsp;UTC on September&nbsp;25 a few hundred miles north of Hilo, Hawaii.<ref name="Jtcr" />
After two weeks of calm, Tropical Depression Ten-E formed late on [[September 11]] well south-southwest of [[Baja California]] and headed almost due west. Late on [[September 14]], the depression strengthened and was upgraded to tropical storm status. It strengthened further to hurricane status early on [[September 16]]. On [[September 18]] it crossed [[meridian]] 140&deg;W, becoming the first hurricane in over two years to be in the forecast area of the [[Central Pacific Hurricane Center]]. Jova soon strengthened to a major hurricane, the first one to exist in the Central Pacific since Ele in [[2002 Pacific hurricane season|2002]]. It weakened as it steered to the northeast of [[Hawaii|Hawai&lsquo;i]], weakening to a tropical storm on [[September 22]] and to a tropical depression on [[September 23]] before finally dissipating on [[September 24]].
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*[http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/2005/JOVA.shtml? NHC's archive on Hurricane Jova]


===Hurricane Kenneth===
===Hurricane Kenneth===
{{Infobox Hurricane Small
|Basin=EPac
|Image=Kenneth 2005-09-18 2205Z.jpg
|Track=Kenneth 2005 track.png
|Formed=September 14
|Dissipated=September 30
|1-min winds=115
|Pressure=947
}}
{{Main|Hurricane Kenneth (2005)}}
A tropical wave led to the formation of a tropical depression well southwest of the Baja California peninsula by 18:00&nbsp;UTC on September&nbsp;14. On a generally westward track, light wind shear and warm ocean temperatures allowed the depression to rapidly intensify, becoming Tropical storm Kenneth twelve hours after formation and further intensifying into a hurricane by 00:00&nbsp;UTC on September&nbsp;16.<ref name="Ktcr">{{cite web|author=Richard J. Pasch|title=Tropical Cyclone Report: Hurricane Kenneth|url=http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/data/tcr/EP112005_Kenneth.pdf|publisher=National Hurricane Center|date=April 20, 2005|access-date=April 25, 2017|pages=1, 2, 4, 5|location=Miami, Florida}}</ref> The storm underwent an [[eyewall replacement cycle]] later that day,<ref>{{cite web|author=David P. Roberts|author2=Stacy R. Stewart|title=Hurricane Kenneth Discussion Number 10|url=http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/2005/dis/ep112005.discus.010.shtml|publisher=National Hurricane Center|date=September 16, 2005|access-date=April 25, 2017|location=Miami, Florida}}</ref> temporarily halting the storm's development. By 06:00&nbsp;UTC on September&nbsp;17, however, Kenneth attained major hurricane status, and by 12:00&nbsp;UTC the next morning, it attained its peak as a Category&nbsp;4 hurricane with winds of 130&nbsp;mph (215&nbsp;km/h).<ref name="Ktcr" />


Steering currents collapsed after peak, causing the storm to move erratically, but generally toward the west. Kenneth fell to tropical storm intensity late on September&nbsp;20, but a brief reprieve in these winds allowed it to regain hurricane strength early on September&nbsp;25. The hurricane entered the central Pacific on September&nbsp;26 and weakened to a tropical storm again as south-southwesterly wind shear increased. After little change in strength for several days, Kenneth weakened to a tropical depression early on September&nbsp;29 and ultimately dissipated just east of Hawaii by 00:00&nbsp;UTC on September&nbsp;31.<ref name="Ktcr" /> The remnants of Kenneth interacted with an upper-level trough, producing up to 12&nbsp;in (305&nbsp;mm) on Oahu. Lake Wilson and the Kaukonahua Stream both overflowed their banks as a result.<ref>{{cite web|agency=National Weather Service Weather Forecast Office in Honolulu, Hawaii|title=Hawaii Event Report: Heavy Rain|url=https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/stormevents/eventdetails.jsp?id=5475590|publisher=National Centers for Environmental Information|year=2005|access-date=April 27, 2017}}</ref> A few homes were flooded along [[Hawaii Route 61]] by up to a foot of flowing water.<ref>{{cite web|title=Monthly Precipitation Summary|url=http://www.prh.noaa.gov/hnl/hydro/pages/oct05sum.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070818023055/http://www.prh.noaa.gov/hnl/hydro/pages/oct05sum.html|publisher=National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration|date=November 3, 2005|archive-date=August 18, 2007|access-date=April 27, 2017}}</ref> Waves of 8–10&nbsp;ft (2–3&nbsp;m) affected the coastline of the Hawaiian Islands.<ref>{{cite web|agency=National Weather Service Weather Forecast Office in Honolulu, Hawaii|title=Hawaii Event Report: High Surf|url=https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/stormevents/eventdetails.jsp?id=5475943|publisher=National Centers for Environmental Information|year=2005|access-date=April 27, 2017}}</ref>
[[Image:Hurricane_Kenneth_on_September_18_2005.jpg|thumb|200px|right|Hurricane Kenneth on September 18, 2005.]]
{{clear}}

An area of disturbed weather developed into Tropical Depression Eleven-E on [[September 14]]. Again, the depression was well south-southwest of [[Baja California]] when it formed just 600 miles east of Depression Ten-E. It found more favorable conditions than its western neighbor, and was upgraded to Tropical Storm Kenneth just 12 hours after forming. Kenneth strengthened into a hurricane later that day and continued to strengthen very rapidly, becoming the first major hurricane of the season by reaching Category 3 on [[September 17]]. The storm became the strongest yet to form this season in the Eastern Pacific when Kenneth peaked with sustained winds of 135 mph, Category 4 on the [[Saffir Simpson Hurricane Scale]]. Kenneth began gradually weakening on [[September 19]], and weakened to a tropical storm on [[September 20]]. However, Kenneth gained enough strength to be reclassified as a [[Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Scale|Category 1]] hurricane on [[September 24]], and very late on [[September 25]] it crossed 140&deg;W, making it the second hurricane of the season to enter the Central Pacific. It then dropped back again to a tropical storm, and weakened to a tropical depression on [[September 29]] less than 400 miles east of [[Hawaii|Hawai&lsquo;i]].

====Current====
As of 11 pm [[Hawaiian Standard Time|HST]] [[September 29]] (0900 UTC [[September 30]]), the center of Tropical Depression Kenneth was about 160 miles (257 km) east-southeast of [[Hilo, Hawaii]]. It was moving west at 13 mph (21 km/h) with maximum sustained windspeeds of 48 mph (77 km/h). Kenneth is experiencing increasing shear and is expected to dissipate within 24 hours. No tropical cyclone has made landfall on Hawai&lsquo;i since Tropical Depression Eugene in the [[1993 Pacific hurricane season|1993 season]].

A residual trough is forecast to pass over the Hawaiian islands bringing heavy rain. The National Weather Service in [[Honolulu]] has issued a flash flood watch for all of the [[Hawaiian Islands]] from Friday through Saturday.

*For official forecasts, see the CPHC's [http://www.prh.noaa.gov/data/HFO/TCPCP4 latest Public Advisory on Tropical Storm Kenneth]
*[http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/2005/KENNETH.shtml? NHC's archive on Tropical Storm Kenneth]


===Tropical Storm Lidia===
===Tropical Storm Lidia===
{{Infobox Hurricane Small

|Basin=EPac
A tropical wave, which moved off the [[Africa]]n coast at the end of August showed some hints of development while crossing the [[Atlantic]] but never developed a tropical circulation there. After crossing the [[Isthmus of Tehuantepec]] into the Pacific it acquired better organisation, and became Tropical Depression Twelve-E on [[September 17]]. It was the third depression in quick sucession to form well SSW of [[Baja California]], and did so less than 800 miles east of Hurricane Kenneth. It strengthened to Tropical Storm Lidia later the same day, but the next day was pushed off its course and weakened by the new and larger Tropical Depression Thirteen-E, which became Tropical Storm Max. On [[September 18]], Lidia was completely absorbed by the circulation of Max.
|Image=Lidia 2005-09-17 1820Z.jpg

|Track=Lidia 2005 track.png
*[http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/2005/LIDIA.shtml? NHC's archive on Tropical Storm Lidia]
|Formed=September 17
|Dissipated=September 19
|1-min winds=35
|Pressure=1005
}}
In mid-September, a series of tropical waves entered the eastern Pacific from the Caribbean Sea. One of these waves led to the formation of a tropical depression by 12:00&nbsp;UTC on September&nbsp;17, which intensified into Tropical Storm Lidia and attained peak winds of 40&nbsp;mph (65&nbsp;km/h) six hours later.<ref name="Ltcr">{{cite report|author=Lixion A. Avila|title=Tropical Cyclone Report: Tropical Storm Lidia|url=http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/data/tcr/EP122005_Lidia.pdf|publisher=National Hurricane Center|date=November 15, 2005|access-date=April 25, 2017|pages=1, 2|location=Miami, Florida}}</ref> Initial forecasts were of low confidence, with forecasters citing uncertainty in whether Lidia or a developing disturbance to its east would become the dominant cyclone.<ref>{{cite report|author=Michelle Mainelli|author2=John L. Beven II|title=Tropical Depression Twelve-E Discussion Number 1|url=http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/2005/dis/ep122005.discus.001.shtml|publisher=National Hurricane Center|date=September 17, 2005|access-date=April 25, 2017|location=Miami, Florida}}</ref> Nearly stationary, the cyclone's cloud pattern soon became distorted by the much larger circulation of developing Tropical Storm Max. Lidia weakened to a tropical depression late on September&nbsp;18 and was completely absorbed by Max twelve hours later.<ref name="Ltcr" />
{{clear}}


===Hurricane Max===
===Hurricane Max===
{{Infobox Hurricane Small
Tropical Depression Thirteen-E formed 500 miles south-southeast of the tip of [[Baja California]] on [[September 18]]. It was sufficiently close to Lidia that it blew the earlier, weaker storm rapidly to the north. It strengthened to Tropical Storm Max within a few hours, and absorbed the remnants of Tropical Depression Lidia. On late [[September 19]] the tropical storm was upgraded to Hurricane Max. The system began to weaken almost immediately thereafter, however, and Max dissipated in the early morning hours of [[September 22]].
|Basin=EPac

|Image=Max 2005 MODIS crop.jpg
The merger of two tropical cyclones or the absorption of one tropical cyclone by another are uncommon events in the National Hurricane Center's area of responsibility. The last documented case of such an occurrence in the eastern North Pacific was when Hurricane Gil absorbed Tropical Storm Henriette in September 2001.
|Track=Max 2005 track.png

|Formed=September 18
*[http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/2005/MAX.shtml? NHC's archive on Hurricane Max]
|Dissipated=September 22
|1-min winds=75
|Pressure=981
}}
A tropical wave exited Africa on September&nbsp;4, entering the eastern Pacific nine days later. The disturbance was initially slow to organize due to its broad nature, but finally began to show signs of organization early on September&nbsp;18 as the system approached a stalled-out Tropical Storm Lidia. Remnants of Hurricane Max brought a weak cold front, heavy rainfall in Southern California on September 20. The system became a tropical depression by 12:00&nbsp;UTC that day and intensified into Tropical Storm Max six hours later, simultaneously absorbing the weaker, much smaller Lidia. The storm turned northwest on the periphery of a subtropical ridge and continued to develop in a light wind shear environment. Max became a hurricane by 00:00&nbsp;UTC on September&nbsp;20 and attained peak winds of 85&nbsp;mph (140&nbsp;km/h) twelve hours later, as a large but well-defined eye became apparent. It began steady weakening shortly thereafter as the storm entered cooler waters, falling to tropical storm intensity early on September&nbsp;21 and further to tropical depression status early the next day as a mid-level ridge forced it back west. Max degenerated to a remnant low by 18:00&nbsp;UTC on September&nbsp;22, which then drifted south before dissipating on September&nbsp;26.<ref name="Mtcr">{{cite report|author=Richard D. Knabb|title=Tropical Cyclone Report: Hurricane Max|url=http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/data/tcr/EP132005_Max.pdf|publisher=National Hurricane Center|date=April 5, 2006|access-date=April 25, 2017|pages=1, 2, 4|location=Miami, Florida}}</ref>
{{clear}}


===Tropical Storm Norma===
===Tropical Storm Norma===
{{Infobox Hurricane Small
Tropical Depression Fourteen-E formed 400 miles southwest of [[Manzanillo]], [[Mexico]] on [[September 22]], barely twenty-four hours after the [[Joint Typhoon Warning Center]] had initiated a warning noting that "formation of a tropical cyclone is possible." Four hours later Tropical Depression Fourteen-E had strengthened into Tropical Storm Norma. It was never a threat to land, and the NHC ceased advisories with the final advisory at 2 am PDT (0900 UTC) [[September 27]].
|Basin=EPac
|Image=TS Norma 24 sept 2005.jpg
|Track=Norma 2005 track.png
|Formed=September 23
|Dissipated=September 27
|1-min winds=50
|Pressure=997
}}
An area of disturbed weather formed south of Mexico on September&nbsp;19, followed by the formation of a broad area of low pressure within the disturbance two days later. A few small vortices were observed within the broad low over subsequent days, one of which cled to the formation of a tropical depression by 00:00&nbsp;UTC on September&nbsp;23. On a west-northwest course, the depression intensified into Tropical Storm Norma twelve hours later and ultimately attained peak winds of 60&nbsp;mph (95&nbsp;km/h) by 18:00&nbsp;UTC on September&nbsp;24 as the circulation became centrally located within the convection and banding features developed. Norma turned northwest as easterly wind shear increased, causing it to weaken to a tropical depression by 18:00&nbsp;UTC on September&nbsp;26 and degenerate to a remnant low a day later. The low turned south and east, persisting for several days before dissipating on October&nbsp;1.<ref name="Ntcr">{{cite report|author=James L. Franklin|author2=Eric S. Blake|title=Tropical Cyclone Report: Tropical Storm Norma|url=http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/data/tcr/EP142005_Norma.pdf|publisher=National Hurricane Center|date=January 23, 2006|access-date=April 25, 2017|pages=1, 3|location=Miami, Florida}}</ref>
{{clear}}


===Hurricane Otis===
*[http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/2005/NORMA.shtml? NHC's archive on Tropical Storm Norma]
{{Infobox Hurricane Small
|Basin=EPac
|Image=Hurricane Otis 2005.jpg
|Track=Otis 2005 track.png
|Formed=September 28
|Dissipated=October 3
|1-min winds=90
|Pressure=970
}}
{{Main|Hurricane Otis (2005)}}
A tropical wave moved off Africa on September&nbsp;9, the northern half of which led to the formation of [[Hurricane Philippe (2005)|Hurricane Philippe]]. After emerging into the eastern Pacific nearly two weeks later, the system showed signs of organization, attaining tropical depression status by 00:00&nbsp;UTC on September&nbsp;28. It drifted west-southwest before turning northwest on September&nbsp;29, at which time it intensified into Tropical Storm Otis. A favorable environment allowed the storm to become a hurricane early on September&nbsp;30 and attain peak winds of 105&nbsp;mph (165&nbsp;km/h) by 06:00&nbsp;UTC on October&nbsp;1. Steering currents weakened after peak, allowing Otis to meander into cooler waters offshore the Baja California peninsula. It weakened to a tropical storm early on October&nbsp;2, weakened to a tropical depression early on October&nbsp;3, and degenerated to a remnant low by 00:00&nbsp;UTC on October&nbsp;4. The low drifted southwest and dissipated the next day.<ref name="Otcr">{{cite report|author=Jack L. Beven II|title=Tropical Cyclone Report: Hurricane Otis|url=http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/data/tcr/EP152005_Otis.pdf|publisher=National Hurricane Center|date=January 18, 2006|access-date=April 25, 2017|pages=1, 3|location=Miami, Florida}}</ref>


Although the center of Otis remained offshore, Cabo San Lucas recorded sustained winds of 49&nbsp;mph (79&nbsp;km/h), with gusts to 63&nbsp;mph (101&nbsp;km/h).<ref>{{cite web|author=Guillermo Arias|title=Otis weakens to tropical storm|url=https://usatoday30.usatoday.com/weather/stormcenter/2005-10-01-hurricaneotis_x.htm|publisher=USA Today|date=October 1, 2005|access-date=April 26, 2017}}</ref> Periods of heavy rainfall resulted in minor flooding across the southern portions of the Baja California peninsula. Offshore, two ships reported tropical storm-force winds.<ref name="Otcr" />
===Tropical Storm Otis===
{{clear}}
Tropical Depression Fifteen-E formed 130 nautical miles south-southwest of [[Manzanillo]], [[Mexico]] on [[September 28]], about twelve hours after the Joint Typhoon Warning Center issued a tropical cyclone formation warning. 24 hours later it was upgraded to Tropical Storm Otis.


===Tropical Depression Sixteen-E===
====Current====
{{Infobox Hurricane Small
As of 8 pm PDT [[September 29]] (0300 UTC [[September 30]]), the center of Tropical Storm Otis was about 170 miles (275 km) south of the southern tip of the [[Baja California peninsula]]. It was moving northwest at 13 mph (20 km/h) with sustained wind speeds of 65 mph (100 km/h).
|Basin=EPac
|Image=Tropical Depression 16E 2005.jpg
|Track=16-E 2005 track.png
|Formed=October 15
|Dissipated=October 20
|1-min winds=30
|Pressure=1005
}}
A tropical depression developed from a tropical wave that emerged off Africa on September&nbsp;28. The wave entered the eastern Pacific over two weeks later, still embedded within the ITCZ. Deep convection and a better defined circulation became established as the system detached from the feature, leading to the formation of a tropical depression by 00:00&nbsp;UTC on October&nbsp;15. Steered on the south side of the Mexican subtropical ridge, the depression organized as extremely deep convection burst over its center; this led to the formation of an eye-like feature on microwave imagery, and it is possible the depression briefly attained tropical storm intensity. Shortly thereafter, however, easterly wind shear exposed the low-level center, and the depression degenerated to a remnant low by 00:00&nbsp;UTC on October&nbsp;18.<ref name="SixteenTcr">{{cite report|author=Stacy R. Stewart|title=Tropical Cyclone Report: Tropical Depression Sixteen-E|url=http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/data/tcr/EP162005_Sixteen-E.pdf|publisher=National Hurricane Center|date=September 10, 2005|access-date=April 25, 2017|pages=1, 3|location=Miami, Florida}}</ref>


The remnant low continued westward, now steered by low-level easterly flow across the basin. Early on October&nbsp;19, deep convection began to reform near the circulation, leading to the re-designation of a tropical depression by 12:00&nbsp;UTC that day. Like its previous incarnation, however, a combination of dry air and southeasterly wind shear prevented the cyclone from intensifying to tropical storm status, with only a few curved band in its northern semicircle. Steady weakening occurred until the depression degenerated to a remnant low for a second time around 00:00&nbsp;UTC on October&nbsp;21. The remnant low turned southwestward before becoming reabsorbed into the ITCZ well southwest of the Baja California peninsula twelve hours later.<ref name="SixteenTcr" />
Otis is predicted to continue strengthening, becoming a hurricane for a while until it reaches cooler waters. There is a strong likelihood it will approach central Baja California as a tropical storm, and interests near both coasts of the southern Baja California peninsula are advised to monitor the progress of Otis over the next few days.
{{clear}}


==Storm names==
*For official forecasts, see the NHC's [http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/text/refresh/MIATCPEP5+shtml/ latest Public Advisory on Tropical Storm Otis]
{{Tropical cyclone naming}}

The following list of names was used for named storms that formed in the North Pacific Ocean east of [[140th meridian west|140°W]] during 2005.<ref name="2002–07names">{{cite web|url=http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/aboutnames.shtml|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20030411092257/http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/aboutnames.shtml|archive-date=April 11, 2003|title=Worldwide Tropical Cyclone Names|date=March 4, 2003|publisher=National Hurricane Center|access-date=January 30, 2024}}</ref> This was the same list used for the [[1999 Pacific hurricane season|1999 season]].<ref name="NHOP 99">{{cite report|url=https://www.aoml.noaa.gov/general/lib/lib1/nhclib/Publications/NatHurricaneOpsPlans/HOPs-1999.pdf|page=3{{hyphen}}8|publisher=[[NOAA]] Office of the Federal Coordinator for Meteorological Services and Supporting Research|location=Washington, D.C.|title=National Hurricane Operations Plan|date=May 1999|access-date=January 30, 2024}}</ref> No [[List of retired Pacific hurricane names|names were retired]] from this list by the [[World Meteorological Organization]] following the season, and it was used again for the [[2011 Pacific hurricane season|2011 season]].<ref name="names 2010-14">{{cite web|author=National Hurricane Center |title=Worldwide Tropical Cyclone Names |date=August 25, 2010 |publisher=National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration |access-date=January 30, 2024 |url=http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/aboutnames.shtml |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100902173905/http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/aboutnames.shtml |archive-date=September 2, 2010 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
====[[Tropical cyclone warnings and watches|Watches and warnings]]====
A '''tropical storm warning''' and '''hurricane watch''' are in effect for the Baja California peninsula, from [[Santa Fe, Baja California Sur|Santa Fe]] on the west, southward to the tip, and back northward to [[La Paz, Baja California Sur|La Paz]].

==Timeline of events==

===May===
;[[May 17]]
:*2 pm [[PDT]] (2100 [[UTC]]) - Tropical Depression One-E forms 470 miles (760 km) WSW of [[Guatemala]].
:*8 pm PDT (0300 UTC [[May 18]]) - Tropical Depression One-E strengthens into '''Tropical Storm Adrian'''.
;[[May 19]]
:*10:15 am PDT (1715 UTC) - Tropical Storm Adrian strengthens into '''Hurricane Adrian'''.
:*11 pm PDT (0600 UTC [[May 20]]) - '''Adrian weakens to a tropical depression and makes landfall on the [[Gulf of Fonseca]] coast, [[Honduras]]'''.
;[[May 20]]
:*8 am PDT (1500 UTC) - Adrian quickly dissipates over [[Honduras]].

===June===
;[[June 21]]
:*2 pm [[PDT]] (2100 [[UTC]]) - Tropical Depression Two-E forms at 13.7&deg;N 102.1&deg;W, located south of [[Mexico]].
;[[June 22]]
:*8 am PDT (1500 UTC) - Tropical Depression Two-E is upgraded to '''Tropical Storm Beatriz'''.
;[[June 24]]
:*8 am PDT (1500 UTC) - Tropical Depression Beatriz dissipates.
;[[June 26]]
:*2 pm PDT (2100 UTC) - Tropical Depression Three-E forms at 13.9&deg;N 98.3&deg;W, located south of [[Mexico]].
:*11 pm PDT (0600 UTC [[June 27]]) - Tropical Depression Three-E strengthens into '''Tropical Storm Calvin'''.
;[[June 28]]
:*8 pm PDT (0300 UTC [[June 29]]) - Tropical Depression Calvin dissipates as it turns westward away from Mexico.

===July===
;[[July 3]]
:*9 pm PDT (0400 UTC [[July 4]]) - Tropical Depression Four-E forms 145 miles (235 km) south of [[Acapulco]], [[Mexico]].
;[[July 4]]
:*2 pm PDT (2100 UTC) - Tropical Depression Four-E strengthens into '''Tropical Storm Dora'''.
;[[July 7]]
:*2 pm PDT (0900 UTC) - Tropical Depression Dora dissipates in the open sea.
;[[July 18]]
:*11 pm PDT (1500 UTC) - '''Tropical Storm Eugene''' forms from a tropical disturbance 230 miles (370 km) southwest of [[Manzanillo, Mexico]].
;[[July 20]]
:*2 pm PDT (2100 UTC) - Tropical Depression Eugene dissipates several hundred miles west-southwest of [[Cabo San Lucas]].

===August===
;[[August 3]]
:*11 am [[Hawaiian Standard Time|HST]] (2100 UTC) - Tropical Depression One-C forms in the Central Pacific about 1000 miles (1600 km) southeast of [[Hilo, Hawaii]].
;[[August 4]]
:*5 pm HST (0300 UTC [[August 5]]) - Tropical Depression One-C degenerates into an open wave.
;[[August 9]]
:*8 am PDT (1500 UTC) - Tropical Depression Six-E forms 690 miles (1100 km) south-southwest of [[Cabo San Lucas]].
:*8 pm PDT (0300 UTC [[August 10]]) - Tropical Depression Six-E strengthens into '''Tropical Storm Fernanda'''.
;[[August 11]]
:*2 am PDT (0900 UTC) - Tropical Storm Fernanda strengthens into '''Hurricane Fernanda'''.
:*4 am PDT (1100 UTC) - Tropical Depression Seven-E forms 670 miles (1100 km) south of the southern tip of [[Baja California]].
:*8 am PDT (1500 UTC) - Tropical Depression Seven-E strengthens into '''Tropical Storm Greg'''.
;[[August 14]]
:*2 pm PDT (2100 UTC) - Tropical Depression Greg dissipates in the open sea.
;[[August 15]]
:*8 pm PDT (0300 UTC [[August 16]]) - Tropical Depression Fernanda degenerates to a remnant low.
;[[August 19]]
:*8 am PDT (1500 UTC) - Tropical Depression Eight-E forms 385 miles (620 km) southeast of [[Acapulco]].
:*8 pm PDT (0300 UTC [[August 20]]) - Tropical Depression Eight-E strengthens into '''Tropical Storm Hilary'''
;[[August 20]]
:*8 pm PDT (0300 UTC [[August 21]]) - Tropical Storm Hilary strengthens into '''Hurricane Hilary'''.
;[[August 21]]
:*8 pm PDT (0300 UTC [[August 22]]) - Hurricane Hilary reaches Category 2 intensity.
;[[August 25]]
:*2 pm PDT (2100 UTC) - Tropical Depression Hilary dissipates in the open Pacific.
:*2 pm PDT (2100 UTC) - Tropical Depression Nine-E forms 150 miles southwest of [[Manzanillo, Mexico]].
;[[August 26]]
:*2 am PDT (0900 UTC) - Tropical Depression Nine-E strengthens into '''Tropical Storm Irwin'''.
;[[August 28]]
:*8 am PDT (1500 UTC) - Tropical Depression Irwin dissipates in the open Pacific.

===September===
;[[September 11]]
:*8 pm PDT (0200 UTC [[September 12]]) - Tropical Depression Ten-E forms 630 miles south-southwest of the tip of [[Baja California]].

;[[September 14]]
:*2 pm PDT (2100 UTC) - Tropical Depression Eleven-E forms 910 miles southwest of the tip of [[Baja California]].
:*8 pm PDT (0300 UTC [[September 15]]) - Tropical Depression Ten-E strengthens into '''Tropical Storm Jova'''.

;[[September 15]]
:*2 am PDT (0900 UTC) - Tropical Depression Eleven-E strengthens into '''Tropical Storm Kenneth'''.
:*8 pm PDT (0300 UTC [[September 16]]) - Tropical Storm Kenneth strengthens into '''Hurricane Kenneth'''.

;[[September 16]]
:*2 am PDT (0900 UTC) - Tropical Storm Jova strengthens into '''Hurricane Jova'''.

;[[September 17]]
:*2 am PDT (0900 UTC) - Hurricane Jova reaches Category 2 intensity.
:*2 am PDT (0900 UTC) - Hurricane Kenneth reaches Category 3 intensity.
:*8 am PDT (1500 UTC) - Tropical Depression Twelve-E forms 790 miles south-southeast of the tip of [[Baja California]].
:*2 pm PDT (2100 UTC) - Tropical Depression Twelve-E strengthens into '''Tropical Storm Lidia'''.

;[[September 18]]
:*8 am PDT (1500 UTC) - Hurricane Kenneth reaches Category 4 intensity.
:*9:30 am PDT (1630 UTC) - Tropical Depression Thirteen-E forms 500 miles south-southeast of the tip of [[Baja California]].
:*2 pm PDT (2100 UTC) - Tropical Depression Thirteen-E strengthens into '''Tropical Storm Max'''.
:*2 pm PDT (2100 UTC) - Tropical Storm Lidia weakens to a tropical depression and is absorbed by Tropical Storm Max.

;[[September 19]]
:*2 pm PDT (2100 UTC) - Hurricane Jova reaches Category 3 intensity.
:*8 pm PDT (0300 UTC [[September 20]]) - Tropical Storm Max strengthens into '''Hurricane Max'''.

;[[September 22]]
:*8 am PDT (1500 UTC) - Tropical Storm Max loses tropical characteristics.
:*10 pm PDT (0500 UTC [[September 23]]) - Tropical Depression Fourteen-E forms 400 miles (640 km) southwest of Manzanillo, Mexico.

;[[September 23]]
:*2 am PDT (0900 UTC) - Tropical Depression Fourteen-E strengthens into '''Tropical Storm Norma'''.

;[[September 24]]
:*8 pm PDT (0300 UTC [[September 25]]) - Tropical Storm Kenneth restrengthens into '''Hurricane Kenneth'''.
:*5 pm HST (0300 UTC [[September 25]]) - Tropical Depression Jova dissipates in open water 270 miles northeast of [[Honolulu]].

;[[September 25]]
:*11.45 pm PDT (8.45 pm HST, 0645 UTC [[September 26]]) - Hurricane Kenneth crosses over 140W to enter the Central Pacific basin.

;[[September 27]]
:*2 am PDT (0900 UTC) - Tropical Depression Norma loses tropical characteristics.

;[[September 28]]
:*2 am PDT (0900 UTC) - Tropical Depression Fifteen-E forms 130 nautical miles south-southwest of Manzanillo, Mexico.

;[[September 29]]
:*2 am PDT (0900 UTC) - Tropical Depression Fifteen-E strengthens into '''Tropical Storm Otis'''.

==2005 storm names==
The following names will be used for named storms that form in the northeast Pacific in [[2005]]. This is the same list that was used in the [[1999 Pacific hurricane season|1999 season]]. Names that have not yet been assigned are marked in <font color="gray">gray</font>. Storms that form in the central Pacific are given names from a sequential list; if any are used, they will be mentioned separately. '''Bold''' names are currently active.


{| width="90%"
{| width="90%"
|
|
* [[Hurricane Adrian|Adrian]]
* [[Hurricane Adrian (2005)|Adrian]]
* Beatriz
* Beatriz
* Calvin
* Calvin
Line 269: Line 426:
|
|
* Irwin
* Irwin
* Jova
* Jova{{thin space}}*
* '''Kenneth (active)'''
* [[Hurricane Kenneth (2005)|Kenneth]]{{thin space}}*
* Lidia
* Lidia
* Max
* Max
* Norma
* Norma
* '''Otis (active)'''
* [[Hurricane Otis (2005)|Otis]]
* {{tcname unused|Pilar}}
* <div style="color: #888;">Pilar (unused)</div>
|
|
* {{tcname unused|Ramon}}
* <div style="color: #888;">Ramon (unused)</div>
* {{tcname unused|Selma}}
* <div style="color: #888;">Selma (unused)</div>
* {{tcname unused|Todd}}
* <div style="color: #888;">Todd (unused)</div>
* {{tcname unused|Veronica}}
* <div style="color: #888;">Veronica (unused)</div>
* {{tcname unused|Wiley}}
* <div style="color: #888;">Wiley (unused)</div>
* {{tcname unused|Xina}}
* <div style="color: #888;">Xina (unused)</div>
* {{tcname unused|York}}
* <div style="color: #888;">York (unused)</div>
* {{tcname unused|Zelda}}
* <div style="color: #888;">Zelda (unused)</div>
|}
|}


For named storms that form in the North Pacific between 140°W and the [[International Date Line]], the names come from a series of four rotating lists. Names are used one after the other without regard to year, and when the bottom of one list is reached, the next named storm receives the name at the top of the next list.<ref name="2002–07names"/> No named storms formed within the region in 2005. Named storms in the table above that crossed into the area during the year are noted (*).<ref name="TCCNP"/>
Names in the central Pacific are used in order, with no annual list; no names have been used so far this year, and the next name on the list is Ioke.

==Season effects==
This is a table of all of the storms that formed in the 2005 Pacific hurricane season. It includes their name, duration, peak classification and intensities, areas affected, damage, and death totals. Deaths in parentheses are additional and indirect (an example of an indirect death would be a traffic accident), but were still related to that storm. Damage and deaths include totals while the storm was extratropical, a wave, or a low, and all of the damage figures are in 2005 USD.
{{Saffir-Simpson small|align=center}}
{{TC stats table start3|year=2005|basin=Pacific hurricane}}
{{TC stats cyclone3|cat=cat1|name=[[Hurricane Adrian (2005)|Adrian]]|dates=May 17 – 21|max-winds=80 (130)|min-press=982|areas=[[Guatemala]], [[El Salvador]], [[Nicaragua]], [[Honduras]]|damage=$12 million |deaths=5}}
{{TC stats cyclone3|cat=storm|name=Beatriz|dates=June 21 – 24|max-winds=50 (85)|min-press=1000|areas=None|damage=None|deaths=None}}
{{TC stats cyclone3|cat=storm|name=Calvin|dates=June 26 – 29|max-winds=50 (85)|min-press=1000|areas=Southwestern Mexico|damage=Minimal|deaths=None}}
{{TC stats cyclone3|cat=storm|name=Dora|dates=July 4 – 6|max-winds=45 (75)|min-press=1002|areas=Southwestern Mexico|damage=Minimal|deaths=None}}
{{TC stats cyclone3|cat=storm|name=Eugene|dates=July 18 – 20|max-winds=70 (110)|min-press=989|areas=[[Baja California Peninsula]]|damage=Minimal|deaths=1}}
{{TC stats cyclone3|cat=depression|name=One-C|dates=August 3 – 4|max-winds=30 (45)|min-press=1008|areas=None|damage=None|deaths=None}}
{{TC stats cyclone3|cat=cat1|name=Fernanda|dates=August 9 – 16|max-winds=85 (140)|min-press=978|areas=None|damage=None|deaths=None}}
{{TC stats cyclone3|cat=storm|name=Greg|dates=August 11 – 15|max-winds=50 (85)|min-press=1000|areas=None|damage=None|deaths=None}}
{{TC stats cyclone3|cat=cat2|name=Hilary|dates=August 19 – 25|max-winds=105 (165)|min-press=970|areas=None|damage=None|deaths=None}}
{{TC stats cyclone3|cat=storm|name=Irwin|dates=August 25 – 28|max-winds=50 (85)|min-press=1000|areas=Southwestern Mexico|damage=None|deaths=None}}
{{TC stats cyclone3|cat=cat3|name=Jova|dates=September 12 – 25|max-winds=125 (205)|min-press=951|areas=None|damage=None|deaths=None}}
{{TC stats cyclone3|cat=cat4|name=[[Hurricane Kenneth (2005)|Kenneth]]|dates=September 14 – 30|max-winds=130 (215)|min-press=947|areas=[[Hawaii]]|damage=None|deaths=None}}
{{TC stats cyclone3|cat=storm|name=Lidia|dates=September 17 – 19|max-winds=40 (65)|min-press=1005|areas=None|damage=None|deaths=None}}
{{TC stats cyclone3|cat=cat1|name=Max|dates=September 18 – 22|max-winds=85 (140)|min-press=981|areas=None|damage=None|deaths=None}}
{{TC stats cyclone3|cat=storm|name=Norma|dates=September 23 – 27|max-winds=60 (95)|min-press=997|areas=None|damage=None|deaths=None}}
{{TC stats cyclone3|cat=cat2|name=[[Hurricane Otis (2005)|Otis]]|dates=September 28–October 3|max-winds=105 (165)|min-press=970|areas=Western Mexico, [[Baja California Sur]]|damage=Minimal|deaths=None}}
{{TC stats cyclone3|cat=depression|name=Sixteen-E|dates=October 15 – 20|max-winds=35 (55)|min-press=1005|areas=None|damage=None|deaths=None}}
{{TC stats table end3|num-cyclones=17|dates=May&nbsp;17&nbsp;– October 20|max-winds=130 (215)|min-press=947|tot-areas=|tot-damage=$12 million|tot-deaths=6}}


==See also==
==See also==
{{Portal|Tropical cyclones}}
*[[List of Pacific hurricanes]]
*[[Pacific hurricane season]]
* [[Tropical cyclones in 2005]]
*[[2005 Atlantic hurricane season]]
*[[2005 Atlantic hurricane season]]
*[[2005 Pacific typhoon season]]
*[[2005 Pacific typhoon season]]
*[[2005 North Indian Ocean cyclone season]]
*South-West Indian Ocean cyclone seasons: [[2004–05 South-West Indian Ocean cyclone season|2004–05]], [[2005–06 South-West Indian Ocean cyclone season|2005–06]]
*Australian region cyclone seasons: [[2004–05 Australian region cyclone season|2004–05]], [[2005–06 Australian region cyclone season|2005–06]]
*South Pacific cyclone seasons: [[2004–05 South Pacific cyclone season|2004–05]], [[2005–06 South Pacific cyclone season|2005–06]]


==Notes==
== External links ==
{{reflist|group="nb"}}
* [http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/text/MIATWOEP.shtml National Hurricane Center's Eastern Pacific Tropical Weather Outlook] - updated every six hours.
* [http://www.prh.noaa.gov/hnl/cphc/ Central Pacific Hurricane Center]
* [http://www.cpc.ncep.noaa.gov/products/Epac_hurr/Epac_hurricane.html NOAA's 2005 Tropical Eastern North Pacific Hurricane Outlook]


==References==
[[Category:Pacific hurricane seasons]]
{{reflist|3}}

==External links==
{{commons category}}
* [http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/2005epac.shtml National Hurricane Center's 2005 Pacific hurricane season archive]
* [http://www.prh.noaa.gov/cphc/summaries/2005.php Central Pacific Hurricane Center's 2005 Pacific hurricane season summary]

{{2005 Pacific hurricane season buttons}}
{{TC Decades|Year=2000|basin=Pacific|type=hurricane}}
{{Tropical cyclone season|2005}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:2005 Pacific Hurricane Season}}
[[Category:2005 Pacific hurricane season| ]]
[[Category:2005 Pacific hurricane season| ]]
[[Category:2005 meteorology|Pacific hurricane season]]
[[Category:Pacific hurricane seasons]]
[[Category:Tropical cyclones in 2005|2005 EPac]]

Latest revision as of 16:05, 3 August 2024

2005 Pacific hurricane season
Season summary map
Seasonal boundaries
First system formedMay 17, 2005
Last system dissipatedOctober 20, 2005
Strongest storm
NameKenneth
 • Maximum winds130 mph (215 km/h)
(1-minute sustained)
 • Lowest pressure947 mbar (hPa; 27.97 inHg)
Seasonal statistics
Total depressions17
Total storms15
Hurricanes7
Major hurricanes
(Cat. 3+)
2
Total fatalities6 total
Total damage$12 million (2005 USD)
Related articles
Pacific hurricane seasons
2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007

The 2005 Pacific hurricane season was a near-average Pacific hurricane season which produced fifteen named storms, seven hurricanes and two major hurricanes. It was also the second consecutive season in which no tropical cyclone of at least tropical storm intensity made landfall. The season officially began on May 15 in the East Pacific Ocean, and on June 1 in the Central Pacific; they ended on November 30. These dates conventionally delimit the period of each year when most tropical cyclones form in the Pacific basin. However, the formation of tropical cyclones is possible at any time of the year.

Activity began with the formation of Hurricane Adrian, the fourth-earliest-forming tropical storm on record in the basin at the time. Adrian led to flash flooding and several landslides across Central America, resulting in five deaths and $12 million (2005 USD) in damage. Tropical storms Calvin and Dora caused minor damage along the coastline, while Tropical Storm Eugene led to one death in Acapulco. In early October, Otis produced tropical storm-force winds and minor flooding across the Baja California peninsula. The remnants of Tropical Depression One-C in the central Pacific, meanwhile, caused minor impacts in Hawaii. The strongest storm of the season was Hurricane Kenneth, which attained peak winds of 130 mph (215 km/h) over the open Pacific.

Pre-season forecasts

[edit]
Predictions of tropical activity in the 2005 season
Source Date Named
storms
Hurricanes Major
hurricanes
Refs
Eastern Average 15–16 9 4–5 [1]
SMN February 2005 17 10 7 [2]
NOAA May 16, 2005 11–15 6–8 2–4 [1]
Eastern Actual activity 15 7 2 [3]
Central Average 4–5 1 [4]
NOAA May 16, 2005 2–3 [4]
Central Actual activity 2 2 1

The first forecast for the 2005 season was produced by the Servicio Meteorológico Nacional (SMN) in the second month of the year. In their report, the organization cited a list of analog years – 1952, 1957, 1985, 1991, and 1993 – with similar oceanic and atmospheric patterns. An overall total of 17 tropical storms, 10 hurricanes, and 7 major hurricanes was forecast, above the average.[2] The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), meanwhile, released their seasonal outlook on May 16, predicting 11 to 15 named storms, 6 to 8 hurricanes, and 2 to 4 major hurricanes. The organization noted that when the Atlantic basin was busier than average, as expected in 2005, the eastern Pacific generally saw lesser activity.[1] That same day, NOAA issued a forecast for activity across the central Pacific, expecting 2 to 3 tropical cyclones to occur across the basin. A normal season averaged 4 to 5 tropical cyclones, including 1 hurricane. A near-normal El Niño–Southern Oscillation existed across the equatorial Pacific throughout 2005, which indicated conditions generally less conducive for activity there.[4]

Seasonal summary

[edit]
Hurricane Otis (2005)Hurricane Kenneth (2005)Hurricane Adrian (2005)Saffir–Simpson scale
Three simultaneous tropical cyclones existed on September 22. Jova, Kenneth and Max

The Accumulated Cyclone Energy (ACE) index for the 2005 Pacific hurricane season as calculated by Colorado State University using data from the National Hurricane Center was 96.6 units.[nb 1][5] Broadly speaking, ACE is a measure of the power of a tropical or subtropical storm multiplied by the length of time it existed. It is only calculated for full advisories on specific tropical and subtropical systems reaching or exceeding wind speeds of 39 mph (63 km/h).

The season's first tropical cyclone, Adrian, developed on May 17 and reached its peak as a Category 1 hurricane. Named storms are infrequent in May, with one tropical storm every two years and a hurricane once every four years.[6] At the time, Adrian was the fourth earliest tropical cyclone to form in the eastern Pacific since reliable record-keeping began in 1971. Activity throughout the remainder of the season was far less notable, with 16 tropical cyclones, 15 named storms, 7 hurricanes, and 2 major hurricanes. The long-term 1971–2004 average suggests an average season to feature 15 named storms, 9 hurricanes, and 4 major hurricanes. October in particular was notably quiet, with the formation of only one tropical depression; only three other seasons, 1989, 1995, and 1996, ended the month without the designation of a named storm.[7]

Analysis of the environment suggested that most storms formed during the passage of the positive Madden–Julian oscillation and its associated upper-air divergence, which is favorable for tropical cyclone formation. Extended reprieves in tropical activity were connected to upper-level convergence. Another factor that led to a below-average season was the presence of cooler than average ocean temperatures during the peak months, helping to extend the period of lesser activity that began throughout the eastern Pacific around 1995.[8]

Systems

[edit]

Hurricane Adrian

[edit]
Category 1 hurricane (SSHWS)
 
DurationMay 17 – May 21
Peak intensity80 mph (130 km/h) (1-min);
982 mbar (hPa)

In early to mid-May, several areas of disturbed weather moving westward from Central America aided in the formation of a broad area of low pressure well south of Mexico. A poorly-defined tropical wave became intertwined with the larger system over subsequent days, leading to the formation of a tropical depression at 18:00 UTC on May 17. The nascent cyclone intensified into Tropical Storm Adrian six hours later. Despite the effects of moderate wind shear, the system steadily organized as convection became concentrated around the center, and Adrian attained its peak with winds of 80 mph (130 km/h) at 18:00 UTC on May 19. Environmental conditions became less conducive thereafter as downsloping from mountains along the coastline of Mexico combined with the already-marginal upper-level winds. The cyclone fell to tropical storm intensity at 00:00 UTC on May 20, tropical depression intensity at 18:00 UTC that day, and dissipated at 06:00 UTC on May 21 along the coastline of Honduras in the Gulf of Fonseca.[9]

Hurricane Adrian was responsible for five deaths: two died in a mudslide in Guatemala,[10] a pilot crashed in high winds and a person drowned in El Salvador,[11] and a person was killed by flooding in Nicaragua.[9] Heavy rainfall up to 16.4 in (418.4 mm) in El Salvador led to landslides, damaged roads, and flash flooding.[12] In Honduras, a few shacks were destroyed, a few roads were blocked, and some flooding occurred; similar effects were noted in Guatemala and Nicaragua.[13] Monetary losses topped $12 million (2005 USD) in El Salvador alone.[14]

Tropical Storm Beatriz

[edit]
Tropical storm (SSHWS)
 
DurationJune 21 – June 24
Peak intensity50 mph (85 km/h) (1-min);
1000 mbar (hPa)

A tropical wave emerged into the Atlantic on June 8 and entered the East Pacific over a week later, merging with a number of disturbances within a broad area of low pressure south of Mexico on June 17. The disturbance's cloud pattern—although initially elongated—steadily coalesced, leading to the formation of a tropical depression at 18:00 UTC on June 21 and further intensification into Tropical Storm Beatriz at 12:00 UTC on June 22. The system battled easterly wind shear and marginal ocean temperatures on its west-northwest track, attaining peak winds of 50 mph (85 km/h) the next day before weakening to tropical depression intensity at 00:00 UTC on June 24. Six hours later, it degenerated into a remnant low which slowed and turned southward prior to dissipating early on June 26.[15]

Tropical Storm Calvin

[edit]
Tropical storm (SSHWS)
 
DurationJune 26 – June 29
Peak intensity50 mph (85 km/h) (1-min);
1000 mbar (hPa)

A tropical wave emerged off the western coast of Africa on June 11, remaining inconspicuous until reaching the southwestern Caribbean Sea eight days later. The system entered the eastern Pacific on June 21, where steady organization led to the formation of a tropical depression around 06:00 UTC on June 26 while located 330 mi (530 km) south-southeast of Acapulco, Mexico. Upon formation, the cyclone moved north-northwest and then west-northwest under the dictation of a subtropical ridge to its north. It intensified into Tropical Storm Calvin at 18:00 UTC on June 26, attaining a peak intensity of 50 mph (85 km/h) early the next morning in conjunction with a well-defined spiral band on radar.[16][17] Calvin then dove west-southwest and weakened as strong wind shear exposed the storm's circulation; it fell to tropical depression status at 12:00 UTC on June 28 and further degenerated to a remnant low by 06:00 UTC the next day. The low moved generally westward before dissipating well southwest of the Baja California peninsula on July 3.[16] As a tropical cyclone, Calvin caused only minor damage to roofs and highways, flooded a house, and toppled two trees.[18]

Tropical Storm Dora

[edit]
Tropical storm (SSHWS)
 
DurationJuly 4 – July 6
Peak intensity45 mph (75 km/h) (1-min);
1002 mbar (hPa)

The genesis of Tropical Storm Dora can be attributed to a westward-moving tropical wave that emerged off Africa on June 18. By July 3, the wave passed through the Gulf of Tehuantepec, where broad cyclonic flow began to develop along its axis. Following further organization, the disturbance intensified into a tropical depression by 00:00 UTC on July 4 and further strengthened into Tropical Storm Dora six hours later. The cyclone moved north-northwest and then west-northwest, paralleling the coastline of Mexico under the influence of a subtropical ridge,[19] where landslides and mudslides cut communication to 12 mountain villages.[20] Under a moderate easterly wind shear regime, Dora ultimately changed little in strength, peaking with winds of 45 mph (75 km/h) as the center became obscured on the eastern edge of extremely deep convection.[21] A track over colder waters caused the storm to fall to tropical depression intensity late on July 5 and degenerate into a remnant low by 12:00 UTC on July 6. The low then dissipated six hours later.[19]

Tropical Storm Eugene

[edit]
Tropical storm (SSHWS)
 
DurationJuly 18 – July 20
Peak intensity70 mph (110 km/h) (1-min);
989 mbar (hPa)

A tropical wave first identified over the Caribbean Sea on July 10 entered the eastern Pacific four days later. The disturbance organized as banding features became distinct, leading to the formation of a tropical depression by 06:00 UTC on July 18. The cyclone intensified into Tropical Storm Eugene six hours later as a mid-level ridge steered it generally northwest. Amid an environment of light wind shear, Eugene steadily organized to reach peak winds of 70 mph (110 km/h) by late on July 19,[22] although it is possible the storm briefly attained hurricane intensity.[23] Already tracking over cooler waters, Eugene quickly weakened immediately after its peak, becoming a tropical depression by 12:00 UTC on July 20 and degenerating into a remnant low twelve hours later. The low continued northwest before losing its character on July 22.[22] As a tropical cyclone, Eugene flooded streets (which displaced six vehicles), left at least 30 houses inundated, and caused one death after a man's boat overturned.[24]

Tropical Depression One-C

[edit]
Tropical depression (SSHWS)
 
DurationAugust 3 – August 4
Peak intensity30 mph (45 km/h) (1-min);
1008 mbar (hPa)

In late July to early August, an organized thunderstorm cluster persisted within the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ). Upon further development, the disturbance was designated as a tropical depression as it tracked swiftly west, the first and only cyclone to form in the central Pacific throughout the season. Despite initial forecasts of a minimal tropical storm, increasing wind shear and cooler ocean temperatures prompted the depression to instead dissipate by 00:00 UTC on August 5, having only attained peak winds of 30 mph (45 km/h).[25]

As a tropical cyclone, Tropical Depression One-C had no impact on land. However, the remnants of the depression dropped moderate to heavy rainfall in Hawaii, particularly on the Island of Hawaii. Rainfall totals measured up to 8.8 in (223.5 mm) in Glenwood, Hawaii.[25] Flash floods was reported in Kona and Ka‘ū, while minor flooding occurred in Hilo, Hamakua, and Kealakekua. In addition, minor street flooding was reported in several cities on that island; most notably, a nearly overflown drainage ditch threatened to submerge the Hawaii Belt Road.[26] Some coffee plants were damaged.[27]

Hurricane Fernanda

[edit]
Category 1 hurricane (SSHWS)
 
DurationAugust 9 – August 16
Peak intensity85 mph (140 km/h) (1-min);
978 mbar (hPa)

A vigorous tropical wave observed over western Africa in late July maintained vigor until passing the Windward Islands, becoming disorganized as it moved across South America and then into the eastern Pacific on August 5. Convection gradually redeveloped south of Mexico, leading to the formation of a tropical depression by 12:00 UTC on August 9 and intensification into Tropical Storm Fernanda twelve hours later. The nascent cyclone continued on a west-northwesterly course amid a favorable shear regime; it became a hurricane at 06:00 UTC on August 11 and attained peak winds of 85 mph (140 km/h) early the next day as a ragged eye became discernible. After leveling off in intensity, Fernanda fell to tropical storm intensity early on August 14, weakened to a tropical depression late on August 15, and degenerated into a remnant low by 06:00 UTC on August 16, all the while diving west-southwest. The low produced intermittent convection until dissipating the next day.[28]

Tropical Storm Greg

[edit]
Tropical storm (SSHWS)
 
DurationAugust 11 – August 15
Peak intensity50 mph (85 km/h) (1-min);
1000 mbar (hPa)

A tropical wave that first crossed the western coastline of Africa on July 27 entered the eastern Pacific ten days later, gradually developing into a tropical depression by 06:00 UTC on August 11. The depression trekked west-northwest along the southern periphery of a subtropical ridge, intensifying into Tropical Storm Greg six hours after formation and reaching peak winds of 50 mph (85 km/h) by 00:00 UTC on August 12 as deep convection flared near the center and upper-level outflow became well established.[29][30] Northerly shear from nearby Fernanda and a nearby upper-level trough caused Greg to level off and maintain its status as a low-end tropical storm for several days as steering currents collapsed. Drifting south, stronger upper-level winds caused Greg to weaken to tropical depression intensity by 18:00 UTC on August 14 before degenerating into a remnant low by 00:00 UTC on August 16. The low was absorbed into the ITCZ shortly thereafter.[29]

Hurricane Hilary

[edit]
Category 2 hurricane (SSHWS)
 
DurationAugust 19 – August 25
Peak intensity105 mph (165 km/h) (1-min);
970 mbar (hPa)

A tropical wave moved off the western coast of Africa on August 4, eventually organizing into a tropical depression south of Mexico by 18:00 UTC on August 19. Twelve hours later, the depression intensified into Tropical Storm Hilary. The newly named system tracked west after formation, steered on the south side of a subtropical ridge. Favorable upper-level winds and warm ocean temperatures allowed it to quickly intensify, and Hilary became a hurricane by 00:00 UTC on August 21. After leveling off briefly, the cyclone attained its peak as a Category 2 hurricane with winds of 105 mph (185 km/h) early the next morning,[31] consistent with a ragged eye on infrared satellite imagery.[32] Hilary entered a progressively cooler ocean after peak, resulting in the loss of deep convection. The system fell to tropical storm intensity late on August 24, tropical depression intensity late on August 25, and degenerated to a remnant low by 00:00 UTC on August 26. The low moved generally west until dissipating early on August 28.[31]

Tropical Storm Irwin

[edit]
Tropical storm (SSHWS)
 
DurationAugust 25 – August 28
Peak intensity50 mph (85 km/h) (1-min);
1000 mbar (hPa)

The formation of Irwin can be traced to a tropical wave that emerged off Africa on August 10. It continued west, fracturing into two portions near the Leeward Islands; the northern half aided in the formation of Hurricane Katrina, whereas the southern portion continued into the eastern Pacific. Steady organization led to the formation of a tropical depression by 12:00 UTC on August 25 and intensification into a tropical storm twelve hours later.[33] With the center located on the edge of deep convection,[34] Irwin attained peak winds of 50 mph (85 km/h) early on August 26 before northeasterly wind shear prompted weakening. The cyclone fell to tropical depression intensity early on August 28 and further degenerated to a remnant low by 18:00 UTC on August 28. The low moved west and then southwest until dissipating on September 3.[33]

Hurricane Jova

[edit]
Category 3 hurricane (SSHWS)
 
DurationSeptember 12 – September 25
Peak intensity125 mph (205 km/h) (1-min);
951 mbar (hPa)

A tropical wave emerged off the western coast of Africa on August 28. Similar to the setup that spawned Irwin, the northern half of the wave fractured and led to the formation of Hurricane Maria, whereas the southern part of the wave continued into the eastern Pacific on September 4. The disturbance initially changed little in organization; an increase in convection on September 12, however, aided in the formation of a tropical depression by 00:00 UTC that day. Affected by moderate easterly shear, the depression failed to intensify into Tropical Storm Jova until 00:00 UTC on September 15. The cyclone intensified at a faster rate thereafter, attaining hurricane intensity early the next day as it turned west-southwest. Jova crossed into the central Pacific early on September 18, where environmental conditions favored continued intensification. As the storm moved into the basin, it abruptly turned northwest toward a weakness in the subtropical ridge.[35]

Nearby dry air acted to temporarily but significantly weaken Jova's spiral banding despite a favorable upper-level environment.[36] By 12:00 UTC on September 19, however, it intensified into the first major hurricane – a Category 3 or larger on the Saffir–Simpson hurricane wind scale – of the season; twelve hours later, it attained peak winds of 125 mph (205 km/h). Cooler ocean temperatures took their toll on Jova as it progressed westward, with Jova falling to tropical storm intensity early on September 23, dropping to tropical depression intensity early on September 24, and ultimately dissipating by 06:00 UTC on September 25 a few hundred miles north of Hilo, Hawaii.[35]

Hurricane Kenneth

[edit]
Category 4 hurricane (SSHWS)
 
DurationSeptember 14 – September 30
Peak intensity130 mph (215 km/h) (1-min);
947 mbar (hPa)

A tropical wave led to the formation of a tropical depression well southwest of the Baja California peninsula by 18:00 UTC on September 14. On a generally westward track, light wind shear and warm ocean temperatures allowed the depression to rapidly intensify, becoming Tropical storm Kenneth twelve hours after formation and further intensifying into a hurricane by 00:00 UTC on September 16.[37] The storm underwent an eyewall replacement cycle later that day,[38] temporarily halting the storm's development. By 06:00 UTC on September 17, however, Kenneth attained major hurricane status, and by 12:00 UTC the next morning, it attained its peak as a Category 4 hurricane with winds of 130 mph (215 km/h).[37]

Steering currents collapsed after peak, causing the storm to move erratically, but generally toward the west. Kenneth fell to tropical storm intensity late on September 20, but a brief reprieve in these winds allowed it to regain hurricane strength early on September 25. The hurricane entered the central Pacific on September 26 and weakened to a tropical storm again as south-southwesterly wind shear increased. After little change in strength for several days, Kenneth weakened to a tropical depression early on September 29 and ultimately dissipated just east of Hawaii by 00:00 UTC on September 31.[37] The remnants of Kenneth interacted with an upper-level trough, producing up to 12 in (305 mm) on Oahu. Lake Wilson and the Kaukonahua Stream both overflowed their banks as a result.[39] A few homes were flooded along Hawaii Route 61 by up to a foot of flowing water.[40] Waves of 8–10 ft (2–3 m) affected the coastline of the Hawaiian Islands.[41]

Tropical Storm Lidia

[edit]
Tropical storm (SSHWS)
 
DurationSeptember 17 – September 19
Peak intensity40 mph (65 km/h) (1-min);
1005 mbar (hPa)

In mid-September, a series of tropical waves entered the eastern Pacific from the Caribbean Sea. One of these waves led to the formation of a tropical depression by 12:00 UTC on September 17, which intensified into Tropical Storm Lidia and attained peak winds of 40 mph (65 km/h) six hours later.[42] Initial forecasts were of low confidence, with forecasters citing uncertainty in whether Lidia or a developing disturbance to its east would become the dominant cyclone.[43] Nearly stationary, the cyclone's cloud pattern soon became distorted by the much larger circulation of developing Tropical Storm Max. Lidia weakened to a tropical depression late on September 18 and was completely absorbed by Max twelve hours later.[42]

Hurricane Max

[edit]
Category 1 hurricane (SSHWS)
 
DurationSeptember 18 – September 22
Peak intensity85 mph (140 km/h) (1-min);
981 mbar (hPa)

A tropical wave exited Africa on September 4, entering the eastern Pacific nine days later. The disturbance was initially slow to organize due to its broad nature, but finally began to show signs of organization early on September 18 as the system approached a stalled-out Tropical Storm Lidia. Remnants of Hurricane Max brought a weak cold front, heavy rainfall in Southern California on September 20. The system became a tropical depression by 12:00 UTC that day and intensified into Tropical Storm Max six hours later, simultaneously absorbing the weaker, much smaller Lidia. The storm turned northwest on the periphery of a subtropical ridge and continued to develop in a light wind shear environment. Max became a hurricane by 00:00 UTC on September 20 and attained peak winds of 85 mph (140 km/h) twelve hours later, as a large but well-defined eye became apparent. It began steady weakening shortly thereafter as the storm entered cooler waters, falling to tropical storm intensity early on September 21 and further to tropical depression status early the next day as a mid-level ridge forced it back west. Max degenerated to a remnant low by 18:00 UTC on September 22, which then drifted south before dissipating on September 26.[44]

Tropical Storm Norma

[edit]
Tropical storm (SSHWS)
 
DurationSeptember 23 – September 27
Peak intensity60 mph (95 km/h) (1-min);
997 mbar (hPa)

An area of disturbed weather formed south of Mexico on September 19, followed by the formation of a broad area of low pressure within the disturbance two days later. A few small vortices were observed within the broad low over subsequent days, one of which cled to the formation of a tropical depression by 00:00 UTC on September 23. On a west-northwest course, the depression intensified into Tropical Storm Norma twelve hours later and ultimately attained peak winds of 60 mph (95 km/h) by 18:00 UTC on September 24 as the circulation became centrally located within the convection and banding features developed. Norma turned northwest as easterly wind shear increased, causing it to weaken to a tropical depression by 18:00 UTC on September 26 and degenerate to a remnant low a day later. The low turned south and east, persisting for several days before dissipating on October 1.[45]

Hurricane Otis

[edit]
Category 2 hurricane (SSHWS)
 
DurationSeptember 28 – October 3
Peak intensity105 mph (165 km/h) (1-min);
970 mbar (hPa)

A tropical wave moved off Africa on September 9, the northern half of which led to the formation of Hurricane Philippe. After emerging into the eastern Pacific nearly two weeks later, the system showed signs of organization, attaining tropical depression status by 00:00 UTC on September 28. It drifted west-southwest before turning northwest on September 29, at which time it intensified into Tropical Storm Otis. A favorable environment allowed the storm to become a hurricane early on September 30 and attain peak winds of 105 mph (165 km/h) by 06:00 UTC on October 1. Steering currents weakened after peak, allowing Otis to meander into cooler waters offshore the Baja California peninsula. It weakened to a tropical storm early on October 2, weakened to a tropical depression early on October 3, and degenerated to a remnant low by 00:00 UTC on October 4. The low drifted southwest and dissipated the next day.[46]

Although the center of Otis remained offshore, Cabo San Lucas recorded sustained winds of 49 mph (79 km/h), with gusts to 63 mph (101 km/h).[47] Periods of heavy rainfall resulted in minor flooding across the southern portions of the Baja California peninsula. Offshore, two ships reported tropical storm-force winds.[46]

Tropical Depression Sixteen-E

[edit]
Tropical depression (SSHWS)
 
DurationOctober 15 – October 20
Peak intensity35 mph (55 km/h) (1-min);
1005 mbar (hPa)

A tropical depression developed from a tropical wave that emerged off Africa on September 28. The wave entered the eastern Pacific over two weeks later, still embedded within the ITCZ. Deep convection and a better defined circulation became established as the system detached from the feature, leading to the formation of a tropical depression by 00:00 UTC on October 15. Steered on the south side of the Mexican subtropical ridge, the depression organized as extremely deep convection burst over its center; this led to the formation of an eye-like feature on microwave imagery, and it is possible the depression briefly attained tropical storm intensity. Shortly thereafter, however, easterly wind shear exposed the low-level center, and the depression degenerated to a remnant low by 00:00 UTC on October 18.[48]

The remnant low continued westward, now steered by low-level easterly flow across the basin. Early on October 19, deep convection began to reform near the circulation, leading to the re-designation of a tropical depression by 12:00 UTC that day. Like its previous incarnation, however, a combination of dry air and southeasterly wind shear prevented the cyclone from intensifying to tropical storm status, with only a few curved band in its northern semicircle. Steady weakening occurred until the depression degenerated to a remnant low for a second time around 00:00 UTC on October 21. The remnant low turned southwestward before becoming reabsorbed into the ITCZ well southwest of the Baja California peninsula twelve hours later.[48]

Storm names

[edit]

The following list of names was used for named storms that formed in the North Pacific Ocean east of 140°W during 2005.[49] This was the same list used for the 1999 season.[50] No names were retired from this list by the World Meteorological Organization following the season, and it was used again for the 2011 season.[51]

  • Adrian
  • Beatriz
  • Calvin
  • Dora
  • Eugene
  • Fernanda
  • Greg
  • Hilary
  • Irwin
  • Jova*
  • Kenneth*
  • Lidia
  • Max
  • Norma
  • Otis
  • Pilar (unused)
  • Ramon (unused)
  • Selma (unused)
  • Todd (unused)
  • Veronica (unused)
  • Wiley (unused)
  • Xina (unused)
  • York (unused)
  • Zelda (unused)

For named storms that form in the North Pacific between 140°W and the International Date Line, the names come from a series of four rotating lists. Names are used one after the other without regard to year, and when the bottom of one list is reached, the next named storm receives the name at the top of the next list.[49] No named storms formed within the region in 2005. Named storms in the table above that crossed into the area during the year are noted (*).[25]

Season effects

[edit]

This is a table of all of the storms that formed in the 2005 Pacific hurricane season. It includes their name, duration, peak classification and intensities, areas affected, damage, and death totals. Deaths in parentheses are additional and indirect (an example of an indirect death would be a traffic accident), but were still related to that storm. Damage and deaths include totals while the storm was extratropical, a wave, or a low, and all of the damage figures are in 2005 USD.

Saffir–Simpson scale
TD TS C1 C2 C3 C4 C5
2005 Pacific hurricane season statistics
Storm
name
Dates active Storm category
at peak intensity
Max 1-min
wind
mph (km/h)
Min.
press.
(mbar)
Areas affected Damage
(USD)
Deaths Ref(s)
Adrian May 17 – 21 Category 1 hurricane 80 (130) 982 Guatemala, El Salvador, Nicaragua, Honduras $12 million 5
Beatriz June 21 – 24 Tropical storm 50 (85) 1000 None None None
Calvin June 26 – 29 Tropical storm 50 (85) 1000 Southwestern Mexico Minimal None
Dora July 4 – 6 Tropical storm 45 (75) 1002 Southwestern Mexico Minimal None
Eugene July 18 – 20 Tropical storm 70 (110) 989 Baja California Peninsula Minimal 1
One-C August 3 – 4 Tropical depression 30 (45) 1008 None None None
Fernanda August 9 – 16 Category 1 hurricane 85 (140) 978 None None None
Greg August 11 – 15 Tropical storm 50 (85) 1000 None None None
Hilary August 19 – 25 Category 2 hurricane 105 (165) 970 None None None
Irwin August 25 – 28 Tropical storm 50 (85) 1000 Southwestern Mexico None None
Jova September 12 – 25 Category 3 hurricane 125 (205) 951 None None None
Kenneth September 14 – 30 Category 4 hurricane 130 (215) 947 Hawaii None None
Lidia September 17 – 19 Tropical storm 40 (65) 1005 None None None
Max September 18 – 22 Category 1 hurricane 85 (140) 981 None None None
Norma September 23 – 27 Tropical storm 60 (95) 997 None None None
Otis September 28–October 3 Category 2 hurricane 105 (165) 970 Western Mexico, Baja California Sur Minimal None
Sixteen-E October 15 – 20 Tropical depression 35 (55) 1005 None None None
Season aggregates
17 systems May 17 – October 20   130 (215) 947 $12 million 6  

See also

[edit]

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^ The total represents the sum of the squares of the maximum sustained wind speed (knots) for every (sub)tropical storm's intensity of over 33 knots (38 mph, 61 km/h), divided by 10,000 while they are above that threshold; therefore, tropical depressions are not included.

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b c Carmeyia Gillis (May 16, 2005). "NOAA Releases East Pacific Hurricane Season outlook". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Archived from the original on October 2, 2006. Retrieved April 26, 2017.
  2. ^ a b "Informe sobre el pronóstico de la temporada de ciclones del 2004" (in Spanish). Servicio Meteorológico Nacional. February 2005. Archived from the original on April 6, 2005. Retrieved April 26, 2017.
  3. ^ National Hurricane Center; Hurricane Research Division; Central Pacific Hurricane Center (April 26, 2024). "The Northeast and North Central Pacific hurricane database 1949–2023". United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Weather Service. Archived from the original on May 29, 2024. A guide on how to read the database is available here. Public Domain This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
  4. ^ a b c Chris Vaccaro (May 16, 2005). "NOAA Expects Below Average Central Pacific Hurricane Season". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Archived from the original on October 2, 2006. Retrieved April 26, 2017.
  5. ^ "Basin Archives: Northeast Pacific Ocean Historical Tropical Cyclone Statistics". Fort Collins, Colorado: Colorado State University. Retrieved July 8, 2022.
  6. ^ Richard D. Knabb; James L. Franklin (June 1, 2005). "Monthly Tropical Weather Summary: May". Miami, Florida: National Hurricane Center. Retrieved April 25, 2017.
  7. ^ Stacy R. Stewart; John L. Beven II; James L. Franklin (November 1, 2005). "Monthly Tropical Weather Summary: October". National Hurricane Center. Retrieved April 27, 2017.
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